1
|
Zhang W, Zhang P, Wang H, Xu R, Xie Z, Wang Y, Du G, Kang Z. Enhancing the expression of chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase for one-pot enzymatic synthesis of chondroitin sulfate A. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122158. [PMID: 38710555 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) stands as a pivotal compound in dietary supplements for osteoarthritis treatment, propelling significant interest in the biotechnological pursuit of environmentally friendly and safe CS production. Enzymatic synthesis of CS for instance CSA has been considered as one of the most promising methods. However, the bottleneck consistently encountered is the active expression of chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase (C4ST) during CSA biosynthesis. This study meticulously delved into optimizing C4ST expression through systematic enhancements in transcription, translation, and secretion mechanisms via modifications in the 5' untranslated region, the N-terminal encoding sequence, and the Komagataella phaffii chassis. Ultimately, the active C4ST expression escalated to 2713.1 U/L, representing a striking 43.7-fold increase. By applying the culture broth supernatant of C4ST and integrating the 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) biosynthesis module, we constructed a one-pot enzymatic system for CSA biosynthesis, achieving a remarkable sulfonation degree of up to 97.0 %. The substantial enhancement in C4ST expression and the development of an engineered one-pot enzymatic synthesis system promises to expedite large-scale CSA biosynthesis with customizable sulfonation degrees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Bloomage Biotechnology CO, LTD, 250000 Jinan, China
| | - Ruirui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fladerer JP, Grollitsch S. Eggshell membrane as promising supplement to maintain bone health: A systematic review. Bone Rep 2024; 21:101776. [PMID: 38872992 PMCID: PMC11170356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2024.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone loss is a well-known phenomenon in the older population leading to increased bone fracture risk, morbidity, and mortality. Supplementation of eggshell membrane (ESM) is evaluated due to its possible application to prevent bone loss and usage in osteoporosis therapy. The similar organic chemical composition of ESM and human bone is described in detail as both mainly consist of collagen type I, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, hyaluronic acid and elastan. ESM and its components are reported to improve mineralization in bone tissue. In many studies ESM intake reduced pain in patients with joint disorders and reduced inflammatory processes. Additionally, ESM improved calcium uptake in human cells. These findings in comparison with a clinical pilot study reporting pain reduction in osteoporotic patients and increased osteoblast activity in in vitro assays support ESM to be a beneficial supplement for bone health. In this systematic review we combined chemical structure analysis with clinical studies to give a more comprehensive picture with novel explanations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes-Paul Fladerer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Apomedica Pharmazeutische Produkte GmbH, Roseggerkai 3, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Selina Grollitsch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Minamisawa Y, Shirogane T, Watanabe I, Dezawa A. Histological analysis of nucleus pulposus tissue from patients with lumbar disc herniation after condoliase administration. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1328. [PMID: 38577652 PMCID: PMC10988692 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Condoliase is an enzyme used as a treatment for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). This enzyme degrades chondroitin sulfate (CS) in the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc (IVD). However, there are cases in which symptoms do not improve, despite condoliase administration. This study reports histological analysis of lumbar disc tissue of LDH patients who underwent surgery because condoliase had no therapeutic effect. Methods Between March 2019 and August 2019, 12 LDH patients who underwent full endoscopic spine surgery (FESS) discectomy at the Dezawa Akira PED Clinic were the subjects of the study. There are two study groups: six cases underwent FESS after condoliase administration, while six underwent FESS without condoliase administration. The average duration from drug administration to surgery was 152 days. Herniated disc removed at surgery was evaluated by histological staining including immunohistochemistry by anti-CS antibodies. Results Multiple large clusters (40-120 μm in diameter) were observed in the nucleus pulposus of those who received condoliase, but no clusters were observed in those who did not. The lumbar disc tissues, including the nucleus pulposus of recipients, were stained with anti-CS antibodies that recognize the CS unsaturated disaccharide, but non-administration tissue was not stained. These findings suggest that the enzyme acted on the nucleus pulposus, even in cases where symptoms were not improved by condoliase administration. Furthermore, there was no histological difference between stained images of the extracellular matrix in those who did or did not receive condoliase, suggesting that condoliase acted specifically on CS in the nucleus pulposus. Conclusions We demonstrated that CS in the nucleus pulposus was degraded in patients in whom condoliase did not have a therapeutic effect. Moreover, condoliase acts in human IVD without causing necrosis of chondrocytes and surrounding tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Minamisawa
- Central Research LaboratoriesSeikagaku CorporationTokyoJapan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Górniewicz M, Wnuk D, Foryś A, Trzebicka B, Michalik M, Kepczynski M. Chondroitin Sulfate-Based Nanocapsules as Nanocarriers for Drugs and Nutraceutical Supplements. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5897. [PMID: 38892083 PMCID: PMC11172538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Oil-core nanocapsules (NCs, also known as nanoemulsions) are of great interest due to their application as efficient carriers of various lipophilic bioactives, such as drugs. Here, we reported for the first time the preparation and characterization of NCs consisting of chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based shells and liquid oil cores. For this purpose, two amphiphilic CS derivatives (AmCSs) were obtained by grafting the polysaccharide chain with octadecyl or oleyl groups. AmCS-based NCs were prepared by an ultrasound-assisted emulsification of an oil phase consisting of a mixture of triglyceride oil and vitamin E in a dispersion of AmCSs. Dynamic light scattering and cryo-transmission electron microscopy showed that the as-prepared core-shell NCs have typical diameters in the range of 30-250 nm and spherical morphology. Since CS is a strong polyanion, these particles have a very low surface potential, which promotes their stabilization. The cytotoxicity of the CS derivatives and CS-based NCs and their impact on cell proliferation were analyzed using human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and primary human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). In vitro studies showed that AmCSs dispersed in an aqueous medium, exhibiting mild cytotoxicity against HaCaTs, while for HSFs, the harmful effect was observed only for the CS derivative with octadecyl side groups. However, the nanocapsules coated with AmCSs, especially those filled with vitamin E, show high biocompatibility with human skin cells. Due to their stability under physiological conditions, the high encapsulation efficiency of their hydrophobic compounds, and biocompatibility, AmCS-based NCs are promising carriers for the topical delivery of lipophilic bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Górniewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. S. Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dawid Wnuk
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (D.W.); (M.M.)
| | - Aleksander Foryś
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.T.)
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (A.F.); (B.T.)
| | - Marta Michalik
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (D.W.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jokelainen O, Rintala TJ, Fortino V, Pasonen-Seppänen S, Sironen R, Nykopp TK. Differential expression analysis identifies a prognostically significant extracellular matrix-enriched gene signature in hyaluronan-positive clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10626. [PMID: 38724670 PMCID: PMC11082176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) accumulation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is associated with poor prognosis; however, its biology and role in tumorigenesis are unknown. RNA sequencing of 48 HA-positive and 48 HA-negative formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG). The DEGs were subjected to pathway and gene enrichment analyses. The Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) data and DEGs were used for the cluster analysis. In total, 129 DEGs were identified. HA-positive tumors exhibited enhanced expression of genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and ECM receptor interaction pathways. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated genes were highly enriched in the HA-positive phenotype. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed, and 17 hub genes were discovered. Heatmap analysis of TCGA-KIRC data identified two prognostic clusters corresponding to HA-positive and HA-negative phenotypes. These clusters were used to verify the expression levels and conduct survival analysis of the hub genes, 11 of which were linked to poor prognosis. These findings enhance our understanding of hyaluronan in ccRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Otto Jokelainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Teemu J Rintala
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vittorio Fortino
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Reijo Sironen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo K Nykopp
- Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Surgery, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang Y, Zhang Z, Tong H, Qin W, Li Q, Ma L, Ren Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Zhong Y, Yao L, Zhou P. Chondroitin polymerizing factor promotes development and progression of colorectal cancer via facilitating transcription of VEGFB. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18268. [PMID: 38775031 PMCID: PMC11109815 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent malignancy affecting the digestive system on a global scale. This study aimed to explore the previously unexplored role of CHPF in the progression of CRC. Our results revealed a significant upregulation of CHPF expression in CRC tumour tissues compared to normal tissues, with its levels correlating with tumour malignancy. In vitro experiments using CRC cell lines demonstrated that inhibiting CHPF expression suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and cell migration, while promoting apoptosis. Conversely, overexpressing CHPF had the opposite effect. Additionally, our xenograft models in mice confirmed the inhibitory impact of CHPF knockdown on CRC progression using various cell models. Mechanistic investigations unveiled that CHPF may enhance VEGFB expression through E2F1-mediated transcription. Functionally, suppressing VEGFB expression successfully mitigated the oncogenic effects induced by CHPF overexpression. Collectively, these findings suggest that CHPF may act as a tumour promoter in CRC, operating in a VEGFB-dependent manner and could be a potential target for therapeutic interventions in CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hanxing Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenzheng Qin
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Quanlin Li
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lili Ma
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhong Ren
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yunshi Zhong
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liqing Yao
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pinghong Zhou
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Endoscopy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Amorós-Pérez B, Rivas-Pardo B, Gómez del Moral M, Subiza JL, Martínez-Naves E. State of the Art in CAR-T Cell Therapy for Solid Tumors: Is There a Sweeter Future? Cells 2024; 13:725. [PMID: 38727261 PMCID: PMC11083689 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has proven to be a powerful treatment for hematological malignancies. The situation is very different in the case of solid tumors, for which no CAR-T-based therapy has yet been approved. There are many factors contributing to the absence of response in solid tumors to CAR-T cells, such as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), T cell exhaustion, or the lack of suitable antigen targets, which should have a stable and specific expression on tumor cells. Strategies being developed to improve CAR-T-based therapy for solid tumors include the use of new-generation CARs such as TRUCKs or bi-specific CARs, the combination of CAR therapy with chemo- or radiotherapy, the use of checkpoint inhibitors, and the use of oncolytic viruses. Furthermore, despite the scarcity of targets, a growing number of phase I/II clinical trials are exploring new solid-tumor-associated antigens. Most of these antigens are of a protein nature; however, there is a clear potential in identifying carbohydrate-type antigens associated with tumors, or carbohydrate and proteoglycan antigens that emerge because of aberrant glycosylations occurring in the context of tumor transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Amorós-Pérez
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.-P.); (B.R.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Inmunotek S.L., 28805 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Benigno Rivas-Pardo
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.-P.); (B.R.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Gómez del Moral
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Eduardo Martínez-Naves
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ORL, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.-P.); (B.R.-P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ishiguro H, Ushiki T, Honda A, Yoshimatsu Y, Ohashi R, Okuda S, Kawasaki A, Cho K, Tamura S, Suwabe T, Katagiri T, Ling Y, Iijima A, Mikami T, Kitagawa H, Uemura A, Sango K, Masuko M, Igarashi M, Sone H. Reduced chondroitin sulfate content prevents diabetic neuropathy through transforming growth factor-β signaling suppression. iScience 2024; 27:109528. [PMID: 38595797 PMCID: PMC11002665 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is one of the most important extracellular matrix components and is known to interact with various diffusible factors; however, its role in DN pathology has not been examined. Therefore, we generated CSGalNAc-T1 knockout (T1KO) mice, in which CS levels were reduced. We demonstrated that diabetic T1KO mice were much more resistant to DN than diabetic wild-type (WT) mice. We also found that interactions between pericytes and vascular endothelial cells were more stable in T1KO mice. Among the RNA-seq results, we focused on the transforming growth factor β signaling pathway and found that the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 was less upregulated in T1KO mice than in WT mice under hyperglycemic conditions. Taken together, a reduction in CS level attenuates DN progression, indicating that CS is an important factor in DN pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Ishiguro
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Ushiki
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Departments of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuko Honda
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Center for Research Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshimatsu
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Riuko Ohashi
- Divisions of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shujiro Okuda
- Division of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Asami Kawasaki
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kaori Cho
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
| | - Suguru Tamura
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suwabe
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takayuki Katagiri
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yiwei Ling
- Division of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Iijima
- Neurophysiology & Biomedical Engineering Lab, Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, Assistive Technology and Art and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Mikami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Uemura
- Department of Retinal Vascular Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sango
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Masuko
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
- Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, , Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Departments of Hematology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata university, Niigata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Osumi R, Sugihara K, Yoshimoto M, Tokumura K, Tanaka Y, Hinoi E. Role of proteoglycan synthesis genes in osteosarcoma stem cells. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1325794. [PMID: 38690160 PMCID: PMC11058990 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1325794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma stem cells (OSCs) contribute to the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma (OS), which is the most common malignant primary bone tumor. The significance and underlying mechanisms of action of proteoglycans (PGs) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in OSC phenotypes and OS malignancy are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of PG/GAG biosynthesis and the corresponding candidate genes in OSCs and poor clinical outcomes in OS using scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq datasets of clinical OS specimens, accompanied by biological validation by in vitro genetic and pharmacological analyses. The expression of β-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 3 (B3GAT3), one of the genes responsible for the biosynthesis of the common core tetrasaccharide linker region of PGs, was significantly upregulated in both OSC populations and OS tissues and was associated with poor survival in patients with OS with high stem cell properties. Moreover, the genetic inactivation of B3GAT3 by RNA interference and pharmacological inhibition of PG biosynthesis abrogated the self-renewal potential of OSCs. Collectively, these findings suggest a pivotal role for B3GAT3 and PG/GAG biosynthesis in the regulation of OSC phenotypes and OS malignancy, thereby providing a potential target for OSC-directed therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoma Osumi
- Department of Bioactive Molecules, Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kengo Sugihara
- Department of Bioactive Molecules, Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshimoto
- Department of Bioactive Molecules, Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuya Tokumura
- Department of Bioactive Molecules, Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Bioactive Molecules, Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hinoi
- Department of Bioactive Molecules, Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research, Division of Innovative Modality Development, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Matsui Y, Imai A, Izumi H, Yasumura M, Makino T, Shimizu T, Sato M, Mori H, Yoshida T. Cancer-associated point mutations within the extracellular domain of PTPRD affect protein stability and HSPG interaction. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23609. [PMID: 38593345 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302279rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
PTPRD, a well-established tumor suppressor gene, encodes the protein tyrosine phosphatase-type D. This protein consists of three immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains, four to eight fibronectin type 3 (FN) domains, a single transmembrane segment, and two cytoplasmic tandem tyrosine phosphatase domains. PTPRD is known to harbor various cancer-associated point mutations. While it is assumed that PTPRD regulates cellular functions as a tumor suppressor through the tyrosine phosphatase activity in the intracellular region, the function of its extracellular domain (ECD) in cancer is not well understood. In this study, we systematically examined the impact of 92 cancer-associated point mutations within the ECD. We found that 69.6% (64 out of 92) of these mutations suppressed total protein expression and/or plasma membrane localization. Notably, almost all mutations (20 out of 21) within the region between the last FN domain and transmembrane segment affected protein expression and/or localization, highlighting the importance of this region for protein stability. We further found that some mutations within the Ig domains adjacent to the glycosaminoglycan-binding pocket enhanced PTPRD's binding ability to heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). This interaction is proposed to suppress phosphatase activity. Our findings therefore suggest that HSPG-mediated attenuation of phosphatase activity may be involved in tumorigenic processes through PTPRD dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Matsui
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ayako Imai
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hironori Izumi
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Misato Yasumura
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, United Graduate School of Child Development (UGSCD), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Makino
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Makoto Sato
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, United Graduate School of Child Development (UGSCD), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Mori
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Das S, Jegadeesan JT, Basu B. Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA)-Based Biomaterial Inks: Process Science for 3D/4D Printing and Current Status. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2156-2221. [PMID: 38507816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering for injured tissue replacement and regeneration has been a subject of investigation over the last 30 years, and there has been considerable interest in using additive manufacturing to achieve these goals. Despite such efforts, many key questions remain unanswered, particularly in the area of biomaterial selection for these applications as well as quantitative understanding of the process science. The strategic utilization of biological macromolecules provides a versatile approach to meet diverse requirements in 3D printing, such as printability, buildability, and biocompatibility. These molecules play a pivotal role in both physical and chemical cross-linking processes throughout the biofabrication, contributing significantly to the overall success of the 3D printing process. Among the several bioprintable materials, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) has been widely utilized for diverse tissue engineering applications, with some degree of success. In this context, this review will discuss the key bioengineering approaches to identify the gelation and cross-linking strategies that are appropriate to control the rheology, printability, and buildability of biomaterial inks. This review will focus on the GelMA as the structural (scaffold) biomaterial for different tissues and as a potential carrier vehicle for the transport of living cells as well as their maintenance and viability in the physiological system. Recognizing the importance of printability toward shape fidelity and biophysical properties, a major focus in this review has been to discuss the qualitative and quantitative impact of the key factors, including microrheological, viscoelastic, gelation, shear thinning properties of biomaterial inks, and printing parameters, in particular, reference to 3D extrusion printing of GelMA-based biomaterial inks. Specifically, we emphasize the different possibilities to regulate mechanical, swelling, biodegradation, and cellular functionalities of GelMA-based bio(material) inks, by hybridization techniques, including different synthetic and natural biopolymers, inorganic nanofillers, and microcarriers. At the close, the potential possibility of the integration of experimental data sets and artificial intelligence/machine learning approaches is emphasized to predict the printability, shape fidelity, or biophysical properties of GelMA bio(material) inks for clinically relevant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Das
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
| | | | - Bikramjit Basu
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India 560012
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi S, Hu M, Peng X, Cheng C, Feng S, Pu X, Yu X. Double crosslinking decellularized bovine pericardium of dialdehyde chondroitin sulfate and zwitterionic copolymer for bioprosthetic heart valves with enhanced antithrombogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification properties. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3417-3435. [PMID: 38525920 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00074a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Due to the increasing aging population and the advancements in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), the use of bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) in patients diagnosed with valvular disease has increased substantially. Commercially available glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linked biological valves suffer from reduced durability due to a combination of factors, including the high cell toxicity of GA, subacute thrombus, inflammation and calcification. In this study, oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS), a natural polysaccharide derivative, was used to replace GA to cross-link decellularized bovine pericardium (DBP), carrying out the first crosslinking of DBP to obtain OCS-BP. Subsequently, the zwitterion radical copolymerization system was introduced in situ to perform double cross-linking to obtain double crosslinked BHVs with biomimetic modification (P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP). P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP presented enhanced mechanical properties, collagen stability and enzymatic degradation resistance due to double crosslinking. The ex vivo AV-shunt assay and coagulation factors test suggested that P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP exhibited excellent anticoagulant and antithrombotic properties due to the introduction of P(APM/MPC). P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP also showed good HUVEC-cytocompatibility due to the substantial reduction of its residual aldehyde group. The subcutaneous implantation also demonstrated that P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP showed a weak inflammatory response due to the anti-inflammatory effect of OCS. Finally, in vivo and in vitro results revealed that P(APM/MPC)-OCS-BP exhibited an excellent anti-calcification property. In a word, this simple cooperative crosslinking strategy provides a novel solution to obtain BHVs with good mechanical properties, and HUVEC-cytocompatibility, anti-coagulation, anti-inflammatory and anti-calcification properties. It might be a promising alternative to GA-fixed BP and exhibited good prospects in clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Shi
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Mengyue Hu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xu Peng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
- Experimental and Research Animal Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Can Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shaoxiong Feng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xinyun Pu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xixun Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khiari Z. Recent Developments in Bio-Ink Formulations Using Marine-Derived Biomaterials for Three-Dimensional (3D) Bioprinting. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:134. [PMID: 38535475 PMCID: PMC10971850 DOI: 10.3390/md22030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting is a disruptive, computer-aided, and additive manufacturing technology that allows the obtention, layer-by-layer, of 3D complex structures. This technology is believed to offer tremendous opportunities in several fields including biomedical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Several bioprinting processes and bio-ink materials have emerged recently. However, there is still a pressing need to develop low-cost sustainable bio-ink materials with superior qualities (excellent mechanical, viscoelastic and thermal properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability). Marine-derived biomaterials, including polysaccharides and proteins, represent a viable and renewable source for bio-ink formulations. Therefore, the focus of this review centers around the use of marine-derived biomaterials in the formulations of bio-ink. It starts with a general overview of 3D bioprinting processes followed by a description of the most commonly used marine-derived biomaterials for 3D bioprinting, with a special attention paid to chitosan, glycosaminoglycans, alginate, carrageenan, collagen, and gelatin. The challenges facing the application of marine-derived biomaterials in 3D bioprinting within the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields along with future directions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zied Khiari
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Niibori-Nambu A, Yamasaki Y, Kobayashi D, Angata K, Kuno A, Panawan O, Silsirivanit A, Narimatsu H, Araki N. Chondroitin sulfate modification of CSPG4 regulates the maintenance and differentiation of glioma-initiating cells via integrin-associated signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105706. [PMID: 38309500 PMCID: PMC10958118 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cell/glioma-initiating cell (GIC) and their niches are considered responsible for the therapeutic resistance and recurrence of malignant glioma. To clarify the molecular mechanisms of GIC maintenance/differentiation, we performed a unique integrated proteogenomics utilizing GIC clones established from patient tumors having the potential to develop glioblastoma. After the integration and extraction of the transcriptomics/proteomics data, we found that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) and its glycobiosynthetic enzymes were significantly upregulated in GICs. Glyco-quantitative PCR array revealed that chondroitin sulfate (CS) biosynthetic enzymes, such as xylosyltransferase 1 (XYLT1) and carbohydrate sulfotransferase 11, were significantly downregulated during serum-induced GIC differentiation. Simultaneously, the CS modification on CSPG4 was characteristically decreased during the differentiation and also downregulated by XYLT1 knockdown. Notably, the CS degradation on CSPG4 by ChondroitinaseABC treatment dramatically induced GIC differentiation, which was significantly inhibited by the addition of CS. GIC growth and differentiation ability were significantly suppressed by CSPG4 knockdown, suggesting that CS-CSPG4 is an important factor in GIC maintenance/differentiation. To understand the molecular function of CS-CSPG4, we analyzed its associating proteins in GICs and found that CSPG4, but not CS-CSPG4, interacts with integrin αV during GIC differentiation. This event sequentially upregulates integrin-extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, which can be inhibited by cyclic-RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) integrin αV inhibitor. These results indicate that CS-CSPG4 regulates the GIC microenvironment for GIC maintenance/differentiation via the CS moiety, which controls integrin signaling. This study demonstrates a novel function of CS on CSPG4 as a niche factor, so-called "glyco-niche" for GICs, and suggests that CS-CSPG4 could be a potential target for malignant glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Niibori-Nambu
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshimune Yamasaki
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Kobayashi
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Angata
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Orasa Panawan
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Norie Araki
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Y, Ma M, Dai W, Shang Q, Yu G. Bacteroides salyersiae is a potent chondroitin sulfate-degrading species in the human gut microbiota. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:41. [PMID: 38419055 PMCID: PMC10902947 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) has widely been used as a symptomatic slow-acting drug or a dietary supplement for the treatment and prevention of osteoarthritis. However, CS could not be absorbed after oral intake due to its polyanionic nature and large molecular weight. Gut microbiota has recently been proposed to play a pivotal role in the metabolism of drugs and nutrients. Nonetheless, how CS is degraded by the human gut microbiota has not been fully characterized. In the present study, we demonstrated that each human gut microbiota was characterized with a unique capability for CS degradation. Degradation and fermentation of CS by the human gut microbiota produced significant amounts of unsaturated CS oligosaccharides (CSOSs) and short-chain fatty acids. To uncover which microbes were responsible for CS degradation, we isolated a total of 586 bacterial strains with a potential CS-degrading capability from 23 human fecal samples. Bacteroides salyersiae was a potent species for CS degradation in the human gut microbiota and produced the highest amount of CSOSs as compared to other well-recognized CS-degraders, including Bacteroides finegoldii, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, and Bacteroides ovatus. Genomic analysis suggested that B. salyersiae was armed with multiple carbohydrate-active enzymes that could potentially degrade CS into CSOSs. By using a spent medium assay, we further demonstrated that the unsaturated tetrasaccharide (udp4) produced by the primary degrader B. salyersiae could serve as a "public goods" molecule for the growth of Bacteroides stercoris, a secondary CS-degrader that was proficient at fermenting CSOSs but not CS. Taken together, our study provides insights into the metabolism of CS by the human gut microbiota, which has promising implications for the development of medical and nutritional therapies for osteoarthritis. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mingfeng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qingsen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China.
- Qingdao Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ju R, Han B, Han F, Peng Y. Efficient Expression and Characterization of an Endo-Type Lyase HCLase_M28 and Its Gradual Scale-Up Fermentation for the Preparation of Chondroitin Sulfate Oligosaccharides. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04878-7. [PMID: 38386140 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) lyases have been critical in structural and functional studies of GAGs. HCLase_M28, a lyase identified from the genome of Microbacterium sp. M28 was heterologously expressed, enzymatically characterized, and prepared in large-scale fermentation for the production of chondroitin sulfate (CS) oligosaccharides. Results showed that the expression of HCLase_M28 in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)-pET24a-HCLase_M28opt1 and Bacillus subtilis W800-pSTOP1622-HCLase_M28opt2 were 108-fold and 25-fold that of wide strain. The optimal lytic reaction of HCLase_M28 happened in 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.2) at 50 °C with a specific activity of 190.9 U/mg toward CS-A. The degrading activity was slightly simulated in presence of 1 mM Ca2+ and Mn2+ while severely inhibited by Hg+, Cu2+, Fe3+, and SDS. TLC and ESI-MS analysis proved HCLase_M28 was an endolytic lyase and degraded CS and hyaluronic acid into unsaturated disaccharides. Through a gradual scale-up of fermentation in 5 L, 100 L, and 1000 L, a highly efficient intracellular expression of HCLase_M28 with an activity of 3.88 × 105 U/L achieved within a 34 h of cultivation. Through ultrafiltration, CS oligosaccharides with DP of 2 to 8 as the main components could be controllably prepared. The successful large-scale fermentation made HCLase_M28 a promising enzyme for industrial production of CS oligosaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruibao Ju
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Baoqin Han
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Feng Han
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yanfei Peng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sanjanwala D, Londhe V, Trivedi R, Bonde S, Sawarkar S, Kale V, Patravale V. Polysaccharide-based hydrogels for medical devices, implants and tissue engineering: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128488. [PMID: 38043653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are highly biocompatible biomaterials composed of crosslinked three-dimensional networks of hydrophilic polymers. Owing to their natural origin, polysaccharide-based hydrogels (PBHs) possess low toxicity, high biocompatibility and demonstrate in vivo biodegradability, making them great candidates for use in various biomedical devices, implants, and tissue engineering. In addition, many polysaccharides also show additional biological activities such as antimicrobial, anticoagulant, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory, which can provide additional therapeutic benefits. The porous nature of PBHs allows for the immobilization of antibodies, aptamers, enzymes and other molecules on their surface, or within their matrix, potentiating their use in biosensor devices. Specific polysaccharides can be used to produce transparent hydrogels, which have been used widely to fabricate ocular implants. The ability of PBHs to encapsulate drugs and other actives has been utilized for making neural implants and coatings for cardiovascular devices (stents, pacemakers and venous catheters) and urinary catheters. Their high water-absorption capacity has been exploited to make superabsorbent diapers and sanitary napkins. The barrier property and mechanical strength of PBHs has been used to develop gels and films as anti-adhesive formulations for the prevention of post-operative adhesion. Finally, by virtue of their ability to mimic various body tissues, they have been explored as scaffolds and bio-inks for tissue engineering of a wide variety of organs. These applications have been described in detail, in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Sanjanwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 428 Church Street, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
| | - Vaishali Londhe
- SVKM's NMIMS, Shobhaben Pratapbhai College of Pharmacy and Technology Management, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rashmi Trivedi
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur 441002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Smita Bonde
- SVKM's NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shirpur Campus, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata Sawarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, University of Mumbai, Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vinita Kale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Gurunanak College of Pharmacy, Kamptee Road, Nagpur 440026, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang W, Xu R, Chen J, Xiong H, Wang Y, Pang B, Du G, Kang Z. Advances and challenges in biotechnological production of chondroitin sulfate and its oligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126551. [PMID: 37659488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a member of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and has critical physiological functions. CS is widely applied in medical and clinical fields. Currently, the supply of CS relies on traditional animal tissue extraction methods. From the perspective of medical applications, the biggest drawback of animal-derived CS is its uncontrollable molecular weight and sulfonated patterns, which are key factors affecting CS activities. The advances of cell-free enzyme catalyzed systems and de novo biosynthesis strategies have paved the way to rationally regulate CS sulfonated pattern and molecular weight. In this review, we first present a general overview of biosynthesized CS and its oligosaccharides. Then, the advances in chondroitin biosynthesis, 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) synthesis and regeneration, and CS biosynthesis catalyzed by sulfotransferases are discussed. Moreover, the progress of mining and expression of chondroitin depolymerizing enzymes for preparation of CS oligosaccharides is also summarized. Finally, we analyze and discuss the challenges faced in synthesizing CS and its oligosaccharides using microbial and enzymatic methods. In summary, the biotechnological production of CS and its oligosaccharides is a promising method in addressing the drawbacks associated with animal-derived CS and enabling the production of CS oligosaccharides with defined structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ruirui Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haibo Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Bo Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tuyaa-Boustugue P, Jantzen I, Zhang H, Young SP, Broqua P, Tallandier M, Entchev E. Reduction of lysosome abundance and GAG accumulation after odiparcil treatment in MPS I and MPS VI models. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 37:101011. [PMID: 38053941 PMCID: PMC10694777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Deficiencies of lysosomal enzymes responsible for the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) cause pathologies commonly known as the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS). Each type of MPS is caused by a deficiency in a specific GAG-degrading enzyme and is characterized by an accumulation of disease-specific GAG species. Previously, we have shown the potential of the beta-D-xyloside, odiparcil, as an oral GAG clearance therapy for Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (MPS VI), an MPS characterized by an accumulation of chondroitin sulphate (CS) and dermatan sulphate (DS). This work suggested that odiparcil acts via diverting the synthesis of CS and DS into odiparcil-bound excretable GAG. Here, we investigated the effect of odiparcil on lysosomal abundance in fibroblasts from patients with MPS I and MPS VI. In MPS VI fibroblasts, odiparcil reduced the accumulation of a lysosomal-specific lysotracker dye. Interestingly, a reduction of the lysotracker dye was also observed in odiparcil-treated fibroblasts from patients with MPS I, a disorder characterized by an accumulation of DS and heparan sulphate (HS). Furthermore, odiparcil was shown to be effective in reducing CS, DS, and HS concentrations in liver and eye, as representative organs, in MPS VI and MPS I mice treated with 3 doses of odiparcil over 3 and 9 months, respectively. In conclusion, our data demonstrates odiparcil efficiently reduced lysosome abundance and tissue GAG concentrations in in vitro and in vivo models of MPS VI and MPS I and has potential as a treatment for these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haoyue Zhang
- Duke University Health System Biochemical Genetics Lab, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah P. Young
- Duke University Health System Biochemical Genetics Lab, Durham, NC, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Pierre Broqua
- Inventiva Pharma, 50 Rue de Dijon, Daix 21121, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang D, Hu L, Xu R, Zhang W, Xiong H, Wang Y, Du G, Kang Z. Production of different molecular weight glycosaminoglycans with microbial cell factories. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 171:110324. [PMID: 37742407 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are naturally occurring acidic polysaccharides with wide applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and health foods. The diverse biological activities and physiological functions of GAGs are closely associated with their molecular weights and sulfation patterns. Except for the non-sulfated hyaluronan which can be synthesized naturally by group A Streptococcus, all the other GAGs such as heparin and chondroitin sulfate are mainly acquired from animal tissues. Microbial cell factories provide a more effective platform for the production of structurally homogeneous GAGs. Enhancing the production efficiency of polysaccharides, accurately regulating the GAGs molecular weight, and effectively controlling the sulfation degree of GAGs represent the major challenges of developing GAGs microbial cell factories. Several enzymatic, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology strategies have been developed to tackle these obstacles and push forward the industrialization of biotechnologically produced GAGs. This review summarizes the recent advances in the construction of GAGs synthesis cell factories, regulation of GAG molecular weight, and modification of GAGs chains. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for future research in this field are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daoan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Litao Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ruirui Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weijiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haibo Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mizutani T, Tsuchiya S, Honda M, Montenegro Raudales JL, Kuroda K, Miyamoto H, Nakamura T, Ishibashi K, Shibuya Y. Alkali-treated titanium dioxide promotes formation of proteoglycan layer and altered calcification and immunotolerance capacity in bone marrow stem cell. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 36:101569. [PMID: 38024862 PMCID: PMC10658208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In this study, we report that a proteoglycans (PGs)-layer between the bone and titanium dioxide (TiO2) surface after osseointegration improved the calcification capacity and immunotolerance of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) on TiO2. Alkaline treatment of TiO2 is a method for promoting osteogenesis in hBMSCs. We hypothesized that promotion of osteogenesis due to alkaline treatment was caused by changing PGs-layer on TiO2. Objective This study aimed to analyze whether alkaline treatment of TiO2 affects PGs-layer formation and immunotolerance in hBMSCs. Methods The topology and wettability of the alkaline-treated titanium (Ti-Al) and unprocessed titanium (Ti-MS) surfaces were characterized. Initial cell attachment, cell proliferation, calcification capacity, alkaline phosphatase activity, PGs-layer formation, PGs function, and the expression of osteogenic and immunotolerance-related genes were analyzed. The conditioned medium (CM) from hBMSCs grown on Ti-Al and Ti-MS was added to macrophages (hMps) and Jurkat cells, and immunotolerance gene expression in these cells was analyzed. Results hBMSCs cultured on Ti-Al showed increased initial cell attachment, cell proliferation, PG-layer formation, and osteogenic capacity compared with hBMSCs on Ti-MS. Gene expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the hBMSCs cultured on Ti-Al was higher than that in the hBMSCs on Ti-MS. CM from hBMSCs did not affect markers of M1 and M2 macrophages in hMps. CM from hBMSCs cultured on Ti-Al altered the gene expression of Foxp3 in Jurkat cells compared to that of CM from hBMSCs on Ti-MS. Significance These results suggest that alkaline treatment of TiO2 altered PGs-layer formation, and changed the osteogenesis and immunotolerance of hBMSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Mizutani
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tsuchiya
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 470-0131, Japan
| | - Jorge Luis Montenegro Raudales
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 470-0131, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kuroda
- EcoTopia Science Institute, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hironori Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nakamura
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ishibashi
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shibuya
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi Mizuho-cho Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8602, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gerbst AG, Vinnitsky DZ, Tokatly AI, Dmitrenok AS, Krylov VB, Ustuzhanina NE, Nifantiev NE. Stereocontrolled Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of a Series of Disaccharides α,β-d-GlcA-(1→3)-α-L-Fuc. Molecules 2023; 28:7571. [PMID: 38005294 PMCID: PMC10673560 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
D-Glucuronic acid is a fundamental building block of many biologically important polysaccharides, either in its non-substituted form or bearing a variety of substituents, among them sulfates. We have previously performed a study of the effects of exhaustive sulfation on the conformational behavior of β-gluronopyranosides. Herein, we report an investigation comparing α- and β-derivatives of this monosaccharide within the title disaccharides using NMR and quantum chemistry approaches. It was found that for α-linked disaccharides, the introduction of sulfates did not greatly affect their conformational behavior. However, for β-derivatives, considerable conformational changes were observed. In general, they resemble those that took place for the monosaccharides, except that NOESY experiments and calculations of intra-ring spin-spin coupling constants suggest the presence of a 1S5 conformer along with 3S1 in the fully sulfated disaccharide. During the synthesis of model compounds, hydrogen bond-mediated aglycone delivery was used as an α-directing stereocontrol approach in the glucuronidation reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey G. Gerbst
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.Z.V.); (A.S.D.); (N.E.N.)
| | - Dmitry Z. Vinnitsky
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.Z.V.); (A.S.D.); (N.E.N.)
| | - Alexandra I. Tokatly
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.Z.V.); (A.S.D.); (N.E.N.)
| | - Andrey S. Dmitrenok
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.Z.V.); (A.S.D.); (N.E.N.)
| | - Vadim B. Krylov
- Laboratory of Synthetic Glycovaccines, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nadezhda E. Ustuzhanina
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.Z.V.); (A.S.D.); (N.E.N.)
| | - Nikolay E. Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.Z.V.); (A.S.D.); (N.E.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Luo H, Huang K, Cheng M, Long X, Zhu X, Wu M. The HNF4A-CHPF pathway promotes proliferation and invasion through interactions with MAD1L1 in glioma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11052-11066. [PMID: 37851364 PMCID: PMC10637790 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) is an important glycosyltransferases that participates in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS). Our previous study showed that silencing CHPF expression inhibited glioma cell proliferation in vitro, but the molecular mechanisms by which CHPF contributes to development of glioma have not been characterized. In this study, we found that CHPF was up-regulated in glioma tissues and was positively correlated with malignant clinical pathological characteristics of patients with glioma. Silencing CHPF expression inhibited proliferation, colony formation, migration, and cell cycle of glioma cells. Moreover, silencing CHPF suppressed glioma malignance in vivo. Immunoprecipitation, co-immunoprecipitation, GST pulldown, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays were used to verify the interaction between CHPF and Mitotic arrest deficient 1-like 1 (MAD1L1). In addition, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-PCR analysis showed that HNF4A bound to the CHPF promoter region, which indicated that the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4A (HNF4A) could regulate the expression of CHPF in glioma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Mengqi Cheng
- Department of Health Management Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Long
- Science Research Center, East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering, Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xingen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Miaojing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shen Q, Guo Y, Wang K, Zhang C, Ma Y. A Review of Chondroitin Sulfate's Preparation, Properties, Functions, and Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:7093. [PMID: 37894574 PMCID: PMC10609508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a natural macromolecule polysaccharide that is extensively distributed in a wide variety of organisms. CS is of great interest to researchers due to its many in vitro and in vivo functions. CS production derives from a diverse number of sources, including but not limited to extraction from various animals or fish, bio-synthesis, and fermentation, and its purity and homogeneity can vary greatly. The structural diversity of CS with respect to sulfation and saccharide content endows this molecule with distinct complexity, allowing for functional modification. These multiple functions contribute to the application of CS in medicines, biomaterials, and functional foods. In this article, we discuss the preparation of CS from different sources, the structure of various forms of CS, and its binding to other relevant molecules. Moreover, for the creation of this article, the functions and applications of CS were reviewed, with an emphasis on drug discovery, hydrogel formation, delivery systems, and food supplements. We conclude that analyzing some perspectives on structural modifications and preparation methods could potentially influence future applications of CS in medical and biomaterial research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Shen
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Changjiang Road 80, Nanyang 473004, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yujie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanli Ma
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Changjiang Road 80, Nanyang 473004, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sammon D, Krueger A, Busse-Wicher M, Morgan RM, Haslam SM, Schumann B, Briggs DC, Hohenester E. Molecular mechanism of decision-making in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6425. [PMID: 37828045 PMCID: PMC10570366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Two major glycosaminoglycan types, heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), control many aspects of development and physiology in a type-specific manner. HS and CS are attached to core proteins via a common linker tetrasaccharide, but differ in their polymer backbones. How core proteins are specifically modified with HS or CS has been an enduring mystery. By reconstituting glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis in vitro, we establish that the CS-initiating N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase CSGALNACT2 modifies all glycopeptide substrates equally, whereas the HS-initiating N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase EXTL3 is selective. Structure-function analysis reveals that acidic residues in the glycopeptide substrate and a basic exosite in EXTL3 are critical for specifying HS biosynthesis. Linker phosphorylation by the xylose kinase FAM20B accelerates linker synthesis and initiation of both HS and CS, but has no effect on the subsequent polymerisation of the backbone. Our results demonstrate that modification with CS occurs by default and must be overridden by EXTL3 to produce HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Sammon
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anja Krueger
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Marta Busse-Wicher
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Abzena, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Rhodri Marc Morgan
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- ZoBio, 2333 CH, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Benjamin Schumann
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - David C Briggs
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Signalling and Structural Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Erhard Hohenester
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Han J, Deng H, Li Y, Qiao L, Jia H, Zhang L, Wang L, Qu C. Nano-elemental selenium particle developed via supramolecular self-assembly of chondroitin sulfate A and Na 2SeO 3 to repair cartilage lesions. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121047. [PMID: 37321739 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage repair is a significant clinical issue due to its restricted ability to regenerate and self-heal after cartilage lesions or degenerative disease. Herein, a nano-elemental selenium particle (chondroitin sulfate A‑selenium nanoparticle, CSA-SeNP) is developed by the supramolecular self-assembly of Na2SeO3 and negatively charged chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) via electrostatic interactions or hydrogen bonds followed by in-situ reducing of l-ascorbic acid for cartilage lesions repair. The constructed micelle exhibits a hydrodynamic particle size of 171.50 ± 2.40 nm and an exceptionally high selenium loading capacity (9.05 ± 0.03 %) and can promote chondrocyte proliferation, increase cartilage thickness, and improve the ultrastructure of chondrocytes and organelles. It mainly enhances the sulfation modification of chondroitin sulfate by up-regulating the expression of chondroitin sulfate 4-O sulfotransferase-1, -2, -3, which in turn promotes the expression of aggrecan to repair articular and epiphyseal-plate cartilage lesions. The micelles combine the bio-activity of CSA with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), which are less toxic than Na2SeO3, and low doses of CSA-SeNP are even superior to inorganic selenium in repairing cartilage lesions in rats. Thus, the developed CSA-SeNP is anticipated to be a promising selenium supplementation preparation in clinical application to address the difficulty of healing cartilage lesions with outstanding repair effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Global Health Institute, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Global Health Institute, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Lichun Qiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China; Global Health Institute, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Hongrui Jia
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lan Zhang
- State-key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Linghang Wang
- Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yu S, Dai W, Zhao S, Yang Y, Xu Y, Wang J, Deng Q, He J, Shi D. Function and mechanism of MCM8 in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:623. [PMID: 37710286 PMCID: PMC10503009 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a global health problem which has almost highest morbidity and mortality in all types of cancers. This study aimed to uncover the biological functions and underlying mechanism of MCM8 in the development and progression of CRC. The expression level of MCM8 was found to be upregulated in CRC tissues and significantly associated with tumor grade and patients' survival. Knocking down MCM8 expression in CRC cells could restrain cell growth and cell motility while promoting cell apoptosis in vitro, as well as inhibit tumor growth in xenograft mice model. Based on the RNA screening performing on CRC cells with or without MCM8 knockdown and the following IPA analysis, CHSY1 was identified as a potential target of MCM8 in CRC, whose expression was also found to be higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues. Moreover, it was demonstrated that MCM8 may regulate the expression of CHSY1 through affecting its NEDD4-mediated ubiquitination, both of which synergistically execute tumor promotion effects on CRC. In conclusion, the outcomes of our study showed the first evidence that MCM8 act as a tumor promotor in CRC, and may be a promising therapeutic target of CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Weixing Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Senlin Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Qun Deng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Jinghu He
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Debing Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Andersson E, Tykesson E, Lohmander LS, Karlsson NG, Jin C, Mirgorodskaya E, Swärd P, Struglics A. Quantification of chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid and N-glycans in synovial fluid - A technical performance study. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2023; 5:100380. [PMID: 37426292 PMCID: PMC10322674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2023.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To validate a quantitative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay for chondroitin sulfate (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in synovial fluid, and to analyze glycan-patterns in patient samples. Design Synovial fluid from osteoarthritis (OA, n = 25) and knee-injury (n = 13) patients, a synovial fluid pool (SF-control) and purified aggrecan, were chondroitinase digested and together with CS- and HA-standards fluorophore labelled prior to quantitative HPLC analysis. N-glycan profiles of synovial fluid and aggrecan were assessed by mass spectrometry. Results Unsaturated uronic acid and sulfated-N-acetylgalactosamine (ΔUA-GalNAc4S and ΔUA-GalNAc6S) contributed to 95% of the total CS-signal in the SF-control sample. For HA and the CS variants in SF-control the intra- and inter-experiment coefficient of variation was between 3-12% and 11-19%, respectively; tenfold dilution gave recoveries between 74 and 122%, and biofluid stability test (room temperature storage and freeze-thaw cycles) showed recoveries between 81 and 140%. Synovial fluid concentrations of the CS variants ΔUA-GalNAc6S and ΔUA2S-GalNAc6S were three times higher in the recent injury group compared to the OA group, while HA was four times lower. Sixty-one different N-glycans were detected in the synovial fluid samples, but there were no differences in levels of N-glycan classes between patient groups. The CS-profile (levels of ΔUA-GalNAc4S and ΔUA-GalNAc6S) in synovial fluid resembled that of purified aggrecan from corresponding samples; the contribution to the N-glycan profile in synovial fluid from aggrecan was low. Conclusions The HPLC-assay is suitable for analyzing CS variants and HA in synovial fluid samples, and the GAG-pattern differs between OA and recently knee injured subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elin Andersson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emil Tykesson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Sweden
| | - L. Stefan Lohmander
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Niclas G. Karlsson
- Department of Life Science and Health, Faculty of Health Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Mirgorodskaya
- Proteomics Core Facility at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Swärd
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden
| | - André Struglics
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Knudsen C, Woo Seuk Koh, Izumikawa T, Nakato E, Akiyama T, Kinoshita-Toyoda A, Haugstad G, Yu G, Toyoda H, Nakato H. Chondroitin sulfate is required for follicle epithelial integrity and organ shape maintenance in Drosophila. Development 2023; 150:dev201717. [PMID: 37694610 PMCID: PMC10508698 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) are evolutionarily conserved glycosaminoglycans that are found in most animal species, including the genetically tractable model organism Drosophila. In contrast to extensive in vivo studies elucidating co-receptor functions of Drosophila HS proteoglycans (PGs), only a limited number of studies have been conducted for those of CSPGs. To investigate the global function of CS in development, we generated mutants for Chondroitin sulfate synthase (Chsy), which encodes the Drosophila homolog of mammalian chondroitin synthase 1, a crucial CS biosynthetic enzyme. Our characterizations of the Chsy mutants indicated that a fraction survive to adult stage, which allowed us to analyze the morphology of the adult organs. In the ovary, Chsy mutants exhibited altered stiffness of the basement membrane and muscle dysfunction, leading to a gradual degradation of the gross organ structure as mutant animals aged. Our observations show that normal CS function is required for the maintenance of the structural integrity of the ECM and gross organ architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Collin Knudsen
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Woo Seuk Koh
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tomomi Izumikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Eriko Nakato
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Takuya Akiyama
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | | | - Greg Haugstad
- Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Guichuan Yu
- Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Hidenao Toyoda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakato
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Noborn F, Nilsson J, Sihlbom C, Nikpour M, Kjellén L, Larson G. Mapping the Human Chondroitin Sulfate Glycoproteome Reveals an Unexpected Correlation Between Glycan Sulfation and Attachment Site Characteristics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100617. [PMID: 37453717 PMCID: PMC10424144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) control key events in human health and disease and are composed of chondroitin sulfate (CS) polysaccharide(s) attached to different core proteins. Detailed information on the biological effects of site-specific CS structures is scarce as the polysaccharides are typically released from their core proteins prior to analysis. Here we present a novel glycoproteomic approach for site-specific sequencing of CS modifications from human urine. Software-assisted and manual analysis revealed that certain core proteins carried CS with abundant sulfate modifications, while others carried CS with lower levels of sulfation. Inspection of the amino acid sequences surrounding the attachment sites indicated that the acidity of the attachment site motifs increased the levels of CS sulfation, and statistical analysis confirmed this relationship. However, not only the acidity but also the sequence and characteristics of specific amino acids in the proximity of the serine glycosylation site correlated with the degree of sulfation. These results demonstrate attachment site-specific characteristics of CS polysaccharides of CSPGs in human urine and indicate that this novel method may assist in elucidating the biosynthesis and functional roles of CSPGs in cellular physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Noborn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Nilsson
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carina Sihlbom
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mahnaz Nikpour
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Kjellén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Larson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Inokuma K, Sasaki D, Kurata K, Ichikawa M, Otsuka Y, Kondo A. Sulfated and non-sulfated chondroitin affect the composition and metabolism of human colonic microbiota simulated in an in vitro fermentation system. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12313. [PMID: 37516730 PMCID: PMC10387111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38849-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a family of glycosaminoglycans and have a wide range of applications in dietary supplements and pharmaceutical drugs. In this study, we evaluated the effects of several types of CS, differing in their sulfated positions, on the human colonic microbiota and their metabolites. CS (CSA, CSC, and CSE) and non-sulfated chondroitin (CH) were added into an in vitro human colonic microbiota model with fecal samples from 10 healthy individuals. CS addition showed a tendency to increase the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Eubacterium, and Faecalibacterium, and CSC and CSE addition significantly increased the total number of eubacteria in the culture of the Kobe University Human Intestinal Microbiota Model. CSE addition also resulted in a significant increase in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels. Furthermore, addition with CSC and CSE increased the levels of a wide range of metabolites including lysine, ornithine, and Ile-Pro-Pro, which could have beneficial effects on the host. However, significant increases in the total number of eubacteria, relative abundance of Bacteroides, and SCFA levels were also observed after addition with CH, and the trends in the effects of CH addition on metabolite concentrations were identical to those of CSC and CSE addition. These results provide novel insight into the contribution of the colonic microbiota to the beneficial effects of dietary CS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Inokuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kurata
- Glycoscience, Central Research Laboratory, Seikagaku Corporation, 3-1253, Tateno, Higashiyamato, Tokyo, 207-0021, Japan
| | - Megumi Ichikawa
- Glycoscience, Central Research Laboratory, Seikagaku Corporation, 3-1253, Tateno, Higashiyamato, Tokyo, 207-0021, Japan
| | - Yuya Otsuka
- Glycoscience, Central Research Laboratory, Seikagaku Corporation, 3-1253, Tateno, Higashiyamato, Tokyo, 207-0021, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
- Biomass Engineering Program, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-Cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chiantore MV, Iuliano M, Mongiovì RM, Luzi F, Mangino G, Grimaldi L, Accardi L, Fiorucci G, Romeo G, Di Bonito P. MicroRNAs Differentially Expressed in Actinic Keratosis and Healthy Skin Scrapings. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1719. [PMID: 37371814 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a carcinoma in situ precursor of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), the second most common cancer affecting the Caucasian population. AK is frequently present in the sun-exposed skin of the elderly population, UV radiation being the main cause of this cancer, and other risk factors contributing to AK incidence. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) observed in different cancers leads to an improper expression of miRNA targets involved in several cellular pathways. The TaqMan Array Human MicroRNA Card assay for miRNA expression profiling was performed in pooled AK compared to healthy skin scraping samples from the same patients. Forty-three miRNAs were modulated in the AK samples. The expression of miR-19b (p < 0.05), -31, -34a (p < 0.001), -126, -146a (p < 0.01), -193b, and -222 (p < 0.05) was validated by RT-qPCR. The MirPath tool was used for MiRNA target prediction and enriched pathways. The top DIANA-mirPath pathways regulated by the targets of the 43 miRNAs are TGF-beta signaling, Proteoglycans in cancer, Pathways in cancer, and Adherens junction (7.30 × 10-10 < p < 1.84 × 10-8). Selected genes regulating the KEGG pathways, i.e., TP53, MDM2, CDKN1A, CDK6, and CCND1, were analyzed. MiRNAs modulated in AK regulate different pathways involved in tumorigenesis, indicating miRNA regulation as a critical step in keratinocyte cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Iuliano
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Roberta Maria Mongiovì
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Fabiola Luzi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Grimaldi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Luisa Accardi
- EVOR Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianna Fiorucci
- EVOR Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome-Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Paola Di Bonito
- EVOR Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lyu Y, Liu Y, He H, Wang H. Application of Silk-Fibroin-Based Hydrogels in Tissue Engineering. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050431. [PMID: 37233022 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) is an excellent protein-based biomaterial produced by the degumming and purification of silk from cocoons of the Bombyx mori through alkali or enzymatic treatments. SF exhibits excellent biological properties, such as mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioabsorbability, low immunogenicity, and tunability, making it a versatile material widely applied in biological fields, particularly in tissue engineering. In tissue engineering, SF is often fabricated into hydrogel form, with the advantages of added materials. SF hydrogels have mostly been studied for their use in tissue regeneration by enhancing cell activity at the tissue defect site or counteracting tissue-damage-related factors. This review focuses on SF hydrogels, firstly summarizing the fabrication and properties of SF and SF hydrogels and then detailing the regenerative effects of SF hydrogels as scaffolds in cartilage, bone, skin, cornea, teeth, and eardrum in recent years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Lyu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yusheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Houzhe He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Singh AK, Peng BY, Chien ST, Chan CH, Deng YH, Pai HY, Wei HJ, Wang MF, Wang SH, Wu CY, Deng WP. Anti-aging biomaterial sturgeon chondroitin sulfate upregulating anti-oxidant and SIRT-1/c-fos gene expression to reprogram stem cell senescence and prolong longevity. Biomater Sci 2023. [PMID: 37158091 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01997c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging involves tissue and cell potential dysfunction characterized by stem cell senescence and extracellular matrix microenvironment (ECM) alteration. Chondroitin sulfate (CS), found in the ECM of normal cells and tissues, aids in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Here, CS-derived biomaterial (CSDB) from sturgeon is extracted to investigate its antiaging effect in senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice and elucidate the underlying mechanism of its action. Although CSDB has been widely extracted from different sources and used as a scaffold, hydrogel, or drug carrier for the treatment of various pathological diseases, CSDB has not yet been used as a biomaterial for the amelioration of senescence and aging features. In this study, the extracted sturgeon CSDB showed a low molecular weight and comprised 59% 4-sulfated CS and 23% 6-sulfated CS. In an in vitro study, sturgeon CSDB promoted cell proliferation and reduced oxidative stress to inhibit stem cell senescence. In an ex vivo study, after oral CSDB treatment of SAMP8 mice, the stem cells were extracted to analyze the p16Ink4a and p19Arf gene-related pathways, which were inhibited and then SIRT-1 gene expression was upregulated to reprogram stem cells from a senescence state for retarding aging. In an in vivo study, CSDB also restored the aging-phenotype-related bone mineral density and skin morphology to prolong longevity. Thus, sturgeon CSDB may be useful for prolonging healthy longevity as an anti-aging drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinay Kumar Singh
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Bou-Yue Peng
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Shaw-Ting Chien
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hao Chan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Yu Pai
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Ming-Fu Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 433303, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Huey Wang
- Core Facility Center, Department of Research Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11030, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242062, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guo H, Li Y, Qiu L, Li J, Guo X, Zhang Y, Wang J. Gua Lou Er Chen decoction attenuates atherosclerosis by reducing proteoglycans accumulation and inflammation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154811. [PMID: 37094421 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteoglycans (PGs) accumulation and inflammation are two interactional pathological processes of atherosclerosis (AS). Up to now, there is no ideal drug for decreasing these pathological changes. Gua Lou Er Chen decoction (GED) has been used to treat AS for several years. However, if GED could treat AS through reducing PGs accumulation and inflammation remains unknown. PURPOSE This study was designed to illustrate whether GED could attenuate AS by reducing chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG) expressions and alleviating inflammation. METHODS In vivo study, apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were fed a high-fat diet to induce AS. In vitro study, oxidised low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were used to induce proteoglycans accumulation and inflammation changes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and RAW264.7 macrophages. Oil Red O was used to stain mouse aortic lipid plaque. Haematoxylin eosin staining was used to assess the pathological changes of aortic valve and thoracic aorta. Specialised kits were used to identify blood lipids and sGAGs. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry was used to identify aortic valve CSPG and versican. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to measure versican, interleukin (IL)-6, TNF-α, and chondroitin sulphate (CS) synthetase expressions. CCK-8 was used to measure the cells proliferation. RESULTS In vivo experiments revealed that GED significantly improved hyperlipidemia, lowered lipid plaque deposition in the aorta, and increased plaque stability of AS mice. In addition, further studies revealed that GED lowered the sGAGs, CSPG, and versican levels and down-regulated CS synthetase and inflammatory factor expressions. In vitro experiments revealed that GED decreased TNF-α expression in the RAW264.7 macrophage supernatant stimulated by ox-LDL; decreased versican, CS-related synthetase, and IL-6 expressions; reduced VSMC proliferation stimulated by ox-LDL; down-regulated sGAG and versican expressions of VSMCs stimulated by TNF-α. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that GED could attenuate AS by reducing hyperlipidemia, hyper-expression of CSPG, and inflammation. This study might provide a novel insight into the development of innovative drug for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongya Guo
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yunxing Li
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lingyan Qiu
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianyin Li
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaochun Guo
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wei L, Xu Y, Du M, Fan Y, Zou R, Xu X, Zhang Q, Zhang YZ, Wang W, Li F. A novel 4-O-endosulfatase with high potential for the structure-function studies of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 305:120508. [PMID: 36737182 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The sulfation patterns of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS), which encode unique biological information, play critical roles in the various biological functions of CS/DS chains. CS/DS sulfatases, which can specifically hydrolyze sulfate groups, could potentially be essential tools for deciphering and changing the biological information encoded by these sulfation patterns. However, endosulfatase with high activity to efficiently hydrolyze the sulfate groups inside CS/DS polysaccharides have rarely been identified, which hinders the practical applications of CS/DS sulfatases. Herein, a novel CS/DS 4-O-endosulfatase (endoBI4SF) with a strong ability to completely remove 4-O-sulfated groups inside various CS/DS polysaccharides was identified and successfully used to investigate the biological roles of 4-O-sulfated CS/DS in vitro and in vivo. This study provides a much-needed tool to tailor the sulfation patterns and explore the related functions of 4-O-sulfated CS/DS chains in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wei
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Xu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Du
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Fan
- Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Zou
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingdong Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenshuang Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fuchuan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China; College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rizzo AN, Schmidt EP. The role of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C799-C806. [PMID: 36847444 PMCID: PMC10042597 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00555.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The alveolar epithelial glycocalyx is a dense anionic layer of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans that lines the apical surface of the alveolar epithelium. In contrast to the pulmonary endothelial glycocalyx, which has well-established roles in vascular homeostasis and septic organ dysfunction, the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx is less understood. Recent preclinical studies demonstrated that the epithelial glycocalyx is degraded in multiple murine models of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), particularly those that result from inhaled insults (so-called "direct" lung injury), leading to shedding of GAGs into the alveolar airspaces. Epithelial glycocalyx degradation also occurs in humans with respiratory failure, as quantified by analysis of airspace fluid obtained from ventilator heat moisture exchange (HME) filters. In patients with ARDS, GAG shedding correlates with the severity of hypoxemia and is predictive of the duration of respiratory failure. These effects may be mediated by surfactant dysfunction, as targeted degradation of the epithelial glycocalyx in mice was sufficient to cause increased alveolar surface tension, diffuse microatelectasis, and impaired lung compliance. In this review, we describe the structure of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx and the mechanisms underlying its degradation during ARDS. We additionally review the current state of knowledge regarding the attributable effect of epithelial glycocalyx degradation in lung injury pathogenesis. Finally, we address glycocalyx degradation as a potential mediator of ARDS heterogeneity, and the subsequent value of point-of-care quantification of GAG shedding to potentially identify patients who are most likely to respond to pharmacological agents aimed at attenuating glycocalyx degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia N Rizzo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Eric P Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Koh WS, Knudsen C, Izumikawa T, Nakato E, Grandt K, Kinoshita-Toyoda A, Toyoda H, Nakato H. Regulation of morphogen pathways by a Drosophila chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan Windpipe. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260525. [PMID: 36897575 PMCID: PMC10113886 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphogens provide quantitative and robust signaling systems to achieve stereotypic patterning and morphogenesis. Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans (HSPGs) are key components of such regulatory feedback networks. In Drosophila, HSPGs serve as co-receptors for a number of morphogens, including Hedgehog (Hh), Wingless (Wg), Decapentaplegic (Dpp) and Unpaired (Upd, or Upd1). Recently, Windpipe (Wdp), a chondroitin sulfate (CS) proteoglycan (CSPG), was found to negatively regulate Upd and Hh signaling. However, the roles of Wdp, and CSPGs in general, in morphogen signaling networks are poorly understood. We found that Wdp is a major CSPG with 4-O-sulfated CS in Drosophila. Overexpression of wdp modulates Dpp and Wg signaling, showing that it is a general regulator of HS-dependent pathways. Although wdp mutant phenotypes are mild in the presence of morphogen signaling buffering systems, this mutant in the absence of Sulf1 or Dally, molecular hubs of the feedback networks, produces high levels of synthetic lethality and various severe morphological phenotypes. Our study indicates a close functional relationship between HS and CS, and identifies the CSPG Wdp as a novel component in morphogen feedback pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Seuk Koh
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Collin Knudsen
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tomomi Izumikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Eriko Nakato
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kristin Grandt
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | - Hidenao Toyoda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakato
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang W, Wang A, Hu G, Bian M, Chen L, Zhao Q, Sun W, Wu Y. Potential of an Aligned Porous Hydrogel Scaffold Combined with Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells or Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Promote Tissue Regeneration in Rat Periodontal Defects. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1961-1975. [PMID: 36942823 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal tissue regeneration is a major challenge in tissue engineering due to its regenerated environment complexity. It aims to regenerate not only the supporting alveolar bone and cementum around teeth but also the key connecting periodontal ligament. Herein, a constructed aligned porous hydrogel scaffold carrying cells based on chitosan (CHI) and oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OCS) treated with a freeze-casting technique was fabricated, which aimed to induce the arrangement of periodontal tissue regeneration. The microscopic morphology and physical and chemical properties of the hydrogel scaffold were evaluated. The biocompatibilities with periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) or gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were verified, respectively, by Live/Dead staining and CCK8 in vitro. Furthermore, the regeneration effect of the aligned porous hydrogel scaffold combined with PDLSCs and GMSCs was evaluated in vivo. The biocompatibility experiments showed no statistical significance between the hydrogel culture group and blank control (P > 0.05). In a rat periodontal defect model, PDLSC and GMSC hydrogel experimental groups showed more pronounced bone tissue repair than the blank control (P < 0.05) in micro-CT. In addition, there was more tissue repair (P < 0.05) of PDLSC and GMSC hydrogel groups from histological staining images. Higher expressions of OPN, Runx-2, and COL-I were detected in both of the above groups via immunohistochemistry staining. More importantly, the group with the aligned porous hydrogel induced more order periodontal ligament formation than that with the ordinary hydrogel in Masson's trichrome analysis. Collectively, it is expected to promote periodontal tissue regeneration utilizing an aligned porous hydrogel scaffold combined with PDLSCs and GMSCs (CHI-OCS-PDLSC/GMSC composite), which provides an alternative possibility for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Wang
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofu Hu
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Bian
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilian Sun
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Wu
- Department of Periodontology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu T, Yu H, Wang S, Li H, Du X, He X. Chondroitin sulfate alleviates osteoporosis caused by calcium deficiency by regulating lipid metabolism. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:6. [PMID: 36747190 PMCID: PMC9901125 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00726-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of non-drug intervention for calcium deficiency has attracted attention in recent years. Although calcium carbonate is the preferred raw material for calcium supplementation, there are few reports on the mechanism of the combined action of chondroitin sulfate and calcium to alleviate osteoporosis from the perspective of gut microbiota and metabolomics. In this study, a rat model of osteoporosis was established by feeding a low-calcium diet. The intestinal microbiota abundance, fecal and plasma metabolite expression levels of rats fed a basal diet, a low-calcium diet, a low-calcium diet plus calcium carbonate, and a low-calcium diet plus chondroitin sulfate were compared. The results showed that compared with the low calcium group, the calcium content and bone mineral density of femur were significantly increased in the calcium carbonate and chondroitin sulfate groups. 16 S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis showed that chondroitin sulfate intervention could reduce short-chain fatty acid synthesis of intestinal flora, slow down inflammatory response, inhibit osteoclast differentiation, promote calcium absorption and antioxidant mechanism, and alleviate osteoporosis in low-calcium feeding rats. Correlation analysis showed that the selected intestinal flora was significantly correlated with metabolites enriched in feces and plasma. This study provides scientific evidence of the potential impact of chondroitin sulfate as a dietary supplement for patients with osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Liu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Hai Yu
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cancer RNA Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Shuai Wang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jining, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Huimin Li
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839National Human Genetic Resources Center; National Research Institute for Health and Family Planning, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Xinyiran Du
- grid.449428.70000 0004 1797 7280College of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067 Shandong China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China. .,Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, National Institute of Health Data Science of China, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bains KK, Ashworth S, Koudouna E, Young RD, Hughes CE, Quantock AJ. Chondroitin Sulphate/Dermatan Sulphate Proteoglycans: Potential Regulators of Corneal Stem/Progenitor Cell Phenotype In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032095. [PMID: 36768414 PMCID: PMC9917298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulphate (CS) proteoglycans with variable sulphation-motifs along their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains are closely associated with the stem cell niche of articular cartilage, where they are believed to influence the characteristics of the resident stem cells. Here, we investigated the immunohistochemical distribution of hybrid CS/dermatan sulphate (DS) GAGs in the periphery of the adult chicken cornea, which is the location of the cornea's stem cell niche in a number of species, using a monoclonal antibody, 6C3, that recognises a sulphation motif-specific CS/DS GAG epitope. This revealed positive labelling that was restricted to the subepithelial corneal stroma, as well as nearby bony structures within the sclera, called ossicles. When cultivated on cell culture dishes coated with 6C3-rich CS/DS, corneal stromal cells (keratocytes) that had been isolated from embryonic chicken corneas formed circular colonies, which took several days to reach confluency. A flow cytometric analysis of these keratocytes revealed changes in their expression levels of the indicative stem cell markers, Connexin 43 (Cx43), Paired Box 6 (PAX6), B-lymphoma Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion region-1 (Bmi-1), and C-X-C Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) suggestive of a less-differentiated phenotype compared with expression levels in cells not exposed to CS/DS. These findings support the view that CS/DS promotes the retention of a stem cell phenotype in corneal cells, much as it has been proposed to do in other connective tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiranjit K. Bains
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Sean Ashworth
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
- School of Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Elena Koudouna
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
- School of Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Robert D. Young
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Clare E. Hughes
- School of Biosciences, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Andrew J. Quantock
- Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Maciej-Hulme ML, Melrose J, Farrugia BL. Arthritis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: the role of chondroitin sulfate and its associated proteoglycans in disease pathology and as a diagnostic marker. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C142-C152. [PMID: 36409173 PMCID: PMC9829464 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00103.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a ubiquitous glycosaminoglycan covalently attached to the core proteins of cell surface, extracellular, and intracellular proteoglycans. The multistep and highly regulated biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and its degradation products give rise to a diverse species of molecules with functional regulatory properties in biological systems. This review will elucidate and expand on the most recent advances in understanding the role of chondroitin sulfate and its associate proteoglycans, in arthritis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), two different and discrete pathologies. Highlighting not only the biodiverse nature of this family of molecules but also the utilization of CS proteoglycans, CS, and its catabolic fragments as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for disease pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa L Maciej-Hulme
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, St. Leonard's, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brooke L Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Plaas AHK, Moran MM, Sandy JD, Hascall VC. Aggrecan and Hyaluronan: The Infamous Cartilage Polyelectrolytes - Then and Now. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1402:3-29. [PMID: 37052843 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-25588-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Cartilages are unique in the family of connective tissues in that they contain a high concentration of the glycosaminoglycans, chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate attached to the core protein of the proteoglycan, aggrecan. Multiple aggrecan molecules are organized in the extracellular matrix via a domain-specific molecular interaction with hyaluronan and a link protein, and these high molecular weight aggregates are immobilized within the collagen and glycoprotein network. The high negative charge density of glycosaminoglycans provides hydrophilicity, high osmotic swelling pressure and conformational flexibility, which together function to absorb fluctuations in biomechanical stresses on cartilage during movement of an articular joint. We have summarized information on the history and current knowledge obtained by biochemical and genetic approaches, on cell-mediated regulation of aggrecan metabolism and its role in skeletal development, growth as well as during the development of joint disease. In addition, we describe the pathways for hyaluronan metabolism, with particular focus on the role as a "metabolic rheostat" during chondrocyte responses in cartilage remodeling in growth and disease.Future advances in effective therapeutic targeting of cartilage loss during osteoarthritic diseases of the joint as an organ as well as in cartilage tissue engineering would benefit from 'big data' approaches and bioinformatics, to uncover novel feed-forward and feed-back mechanisms for regulating transcription and translation of genes and their integration into cell-specific pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna H K Plaas
- Department of Internal Medicine (Rheumatology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Meghan M Moran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John D Sandy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chemistry and Function of Glycosaminoglycans in the Nervous System. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 29:117-162. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
45
|
Cahyadi DD, Warita K, Takeda-Okuda N, Tamura JI, Hosaka YZ. Qualitative and quantitative analyses in sulfated glycosaminoglycans, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate, during 3 T3-L1 adipocytes differentiation. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13894. [PMID: 38054387 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) is a member of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) found in animal tissues. Major CS/DS subclasses, O, A, C, D, and E units, exist based on the sulfation pattern in d-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-d-galactosamine repeating units. DS is formed when GlcA is epimerized into l-iduronic acid. Our study aimed to analyze the CS/DS profile in 3 T3-L1 cells before and after adipogenic induction. CS/DS contents, molecular weight (Mw), and sulfation pattern were analyzed by using high-performance liquid chromatography. CS/DS synthesis- and sulfotransferase-related genes were analyzed by reverse transcription real-time PCR. CS/DS amount was significantly decreased in the differentiated (DI) group compared to the non-differentiated (ND) group, along with a lower expression of CS biosynthesis-related genes, chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 and 2, as well as chondroitin polymerizing factor. GAGs in the DI group also showed lower Mw than those of ND. Furthermore, the A unit was the major CS/DS in both groups, with a proportionally higher CS-A in the DI group. This was consistent with the expression of carbohydrate sulfotransferase 12 that encodes chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase, for CS-A formation. These qualitative and quantitative changes in CS/DS and CS/DS-synthases before and after adipocyte differentiation reveal valuable insights into adipocyte development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danang Dwi Cahyadi
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Division of Anatomy Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Katsuhiko Warita
- Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Naoko Takeda-Okuda
- Department of Life and Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Tamura
- Department of Life and Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Z Hosaka
- Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Mikami T, Kitagawa H. Immunochemical Detection and Glycosaminoglycan Disaccharide-Based Characterization of Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2619:25-38. [PMID: 36662459 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2946-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are polyanionic extra/pericellular matrix macromolecules that surround almost all cell types and create microenvironmental niches to support miscellaneous cellular events. In general, the multifunctional properties of CSPGs are attributable to the structural divergence of the CS glycosaminoglycan (GAG) moieties. Because the expression profiles of the GAG chains of CSPGs change with developmental stage, aging, and disease progression, characterization of the GAG chains is essential to understand the functional roles of CSPGs. This chapter describes the basic protocols for GAG moiety-based immunochemical detection of CSPGs in biological samples in conjunction with CS disaccharide composition analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadahisa Mikami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Koike T, Mikami T, Tamura JI, Kitagawa H. Altered sulfation status of FAM20C-dependent chondroitin sulfate is associated with osteosclerotic bone dysplasia. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7952. [PMID: 36572689 PMCID: PMC9792594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Raine syndrome, a lethal osteosclerotic bone dysplasia in humans, is caused by loss-of-function mutations in FAM20C; however, Fam20c deficiency in mice does not recapitulate the human disorder, so the underlying pathoetiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that FAM20C, in addition to the reported casein kinase activity, also fine-tunes the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains to impact bone homeostasis. Specifically, FAM20C with Raine-originated mutations loses the ability to interact with chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase-1, and is associated with reduced 4-sulfation/6-sulfation (4S/6S) ratio of CS chains and upregulated biomineralization in human osteosarcoma cells. By contrast, overexpressing chondroitin 6-O-sulfotransferase-1 reduces CS 4S/6S ratio, and induces osteoblast differentiation in vitro and higher bone mineral density in transgenic mice. Meanwhile, a potential xylose kinase activity of FAM20C does not impact CS 4S/6S ratio, and is not associated with Raine syndrome mutations. Our results thus implicate CS 4S/6S ratio imbalances caused by FAM20C mutations as a contributor of Raine syndrome etiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Koike
- grid.411100.50000 0004 0371 6549Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-8558 Japan
| | - Tadahisa Mikami
- grid.411100.50000 0004 0371 6549Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-8558 Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Tamura
- grid.265107.70000 0001 0663 5064Department of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8551 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagawa
- grid.411100.50000 0004 0371 6549Laboratory of Biochemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-8558 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Syx D, Delbaere S, Bui C, De Clercq A, Larson G, Mizumoto S, Kosho T, Fournel-Gigleux S, Malfait F. Alterations in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis associated with the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1843-C1859. [PMID: 35993517 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00127.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans consist of a core protein substituted with one or more glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains and execute versatile functions during many physiological and pathological processes. The biosynthesis of GAG chains is a complex process that depends on the concerted action of a variety of enzymes. Central to the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) GAG chains is the formation of a tetrasaccharide linker region followed by biosynthesis of HS or CS/DS-specific repeating disaccharide units, which then undergo modifications and epimerization. The importance of these biosynthetic enzymes is illustrated by several severe pleiotropic disorders that arise upon their deficiency. The Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) constitute a special group among these disorders. Although most EDS types are caused by defects in fibrillar types I, III, or V collagen, or their modifying enzymes, a few rare EDS types have recently been linked to defects in GAG biosynthesis. Spondylodysplastic EDS (spEDS) is caused by defective formation of the tetrasaccharide linker region, either due to β4GalT7 or β3GalT6 deficiency, whereas musculocontractural EDS (mcEDS) results from deficiency of D4ST1 or DS-epi1, impairing DS formation. This narrative review highlights the consequences of GAG deficiency in these specific EDS types, summarizes the associated phenotypic features and the molecular spectrum of reported pathogenic variants, and defines the current knowledge on the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms based on studies in patient-derived material, in vitro analyses, and animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delfien Syx
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Delbaere
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Adelbert De Clercq
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Ostend, Belgium
| | - Göran Larson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shuji Mizumoto
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.,Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | | - Fransiska Malfait
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang Q, Chi L. The Alterations and Roles of Glycosaminoglycans in Human Diseases. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225014. [PMID: 36433141 PMCID: PMC9694910 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a heterogeneous family of linear polysaccharides which are composed of a repeating disaccharide unit. They are also linked to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). GAGs/PGs are major components of the cell surface and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and they display critical roles in development, normal function, and damage response in the body. Some properties (such as expression quantity, molecular weight, and sulfation pattern) of GAGs may be altered under pathological conditions. Due to the close connection between these properties and the function of GAGs/PGs, the alterations are often associated with enormous changes in the physiological/pathological status of cells and organs. Therefore, these GAGs/PGs may serve as marker molecules of disease. This review aimed to investigate the structural alterations and roles of GAGs/PGs in a range of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and virus infection. It is hoped to provide a reference for disease diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis, and drug development.
Collapse
|
50
|
Cavallero GJ, Wang Y, Nwosu C, Gu S, Meiyappan M, Zaia J. O-Glycoproteomic analysis of engineered heavily glycosylated fusion proteins using nanoHILIC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:7855-7863. [PMID: 36136114 PMCID: PMC9568489 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant protein engineering design affects therapeutic properties including protein efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Importantly, glycosylation modulates glycoprotein therapeutic pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and effector functions. Furthermore, the development of fusion proteins requires in-depth characterization of the protein integrity and its glycosylation to evaluate their critical quality attributes. Fc-fusion proteins can be modified by complex glycosylation on the active peptide, the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain, and the linker peptides. Moreover, the type of glycosylation and the glycan distribution at a given glycosite depend on the host cell line and the expression system conditions that significantly impact safety and efficacy. Because of the inherent heterogeneity of glycosylation, it is necessary to assign glycan structural detail for glycoprotein quality control. Using conventional reversed-phase LC-MS methods, the different glycoforms at a given glycosite elute over a narrow retention time window, and glycopeptide ionization is suppressed by co-eluting non-modified peptides. To overcome this drawback, we used nanoHILIC-MS to characterize the complex glycosylation of UTI-Fc, a fusion protein that greatly increases the half-life of ulinastatin. By this methodology, we identified and characterized ulinastatin glycopeptides at the Fc domain and linker peptide. The results described herein demonstrate the advantages of nanoHILIC-MS to elucidate glycan features on glycotherapeutics that fail to be detected using traditional reversed-phase glycoproteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo J Cavallero
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
| | - Charles Nwosu
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
| | - Sheng Gu
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
| | - Muthuraman Meiyappan
- Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
| | - Joseph Zaia
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
| |
Collapse
|