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Maniaci A, La Via L, Lechien JR, Sangiorgio G, Iannella G, Magliulo G, Pace A, Mat Q, Lavalle S, Lentini M. Hearing Loss and Oxidative Stress: A Comprehensive Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:842. [PMID: 39061910 PMCID: PMC11274311 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a prevalent condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Hearing loss has been linked to oxidative stress as a major factor in its onset and progression. The goal of this thorough analysis is to investigate the connection between oxidative stress and hearing loss, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms and possible treatments. The review addressed the many forms of hearing loss, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in causing damage to the cochlea, and the auditory system's antioxidant defensive mechanisms. The review also goes over the available data that support the use of antioxidants and other methods to lessen hearing loss brought on by oxidative stress. We found that oxidative stress is implicated in multiple types of hearing loss, including age-related, noise-induced, and ototoxic hearing impairment. The cochlea's unique anatomical and physiological characteristics, such as high metabolic activity and limited blood supply, make it particularly susceptible to oxidative damage. Antioxidant therapies have shown promising results in both animal models and clinical studies for preventing and mitigating hearing loss. Emerging therapeutic approaches, including targeted drug delivery systems and gene therapy, offer new possibilities for addressing oxidative stress in the auditory system. The significance of this review lies in its comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between oxidative stress and hearing loss. By synthesizing current knowledge and identifying gaps in understanding, this review provides valuable insights for both researchers and clinicians. It highlights the potential of antioxidant-based interventions and emphasizes the need for further research into personalized treatment strategies. Our findings on oxidative stress mechanisms may also affect clinical practice and future research directions. This review serves as a foundation for developing novel therapeutic approaches and may inform evidence-based strategies for the prevention and treatment of hearing loss, ultimately contributing to improved quality of life for millions affected by this condition worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Maniaci
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100 Enna, Italy;
- ASP Ragusa-Hospital Giovanni Paolo II, 97100 Ragusa, Italy;
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
| | - L. La Via
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Policlinico-San Marco, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - J. R. Lechien
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine, UFR Simone Veil, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University), 78180 Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, EpiCURA Hospital, 7301 Hornu, Belgium
| | - G. Sangiorgio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - G. Iannella
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - G. Magliulo
- Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - A. Pace
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of ‘Organi di Senso’, University “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Q. Mat
- Otology Study Group, Young Otolaryngologists-International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies, 13005 Paris, France; (J.R.L.); (G.I.); (A.P.); (Q.M.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, C.H.U. Charleroi, Chaussée de Bruxelles 140, 6042 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - S. Lavalle
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100 Enna, Italy;
| | - M. Lentini
- ASP Ragusa-Hospital Giovanni Paolo II, 97100 Ragusa, Italy;
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Bianchetti G, Bottoni P, Tringali G, Maulucci G, Tabolacci E, Clementi ME. The polyphenolic compound punicalagin protects skin fibroblasts from UVA radiation oxidative damage. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 6:100186. [PMID: 38846010 PMCID: PMC11153882 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are a class of natural compounds that act as antioxidants, neutralising harmful free radicals that would damage cells and increase the risk of diseases such as cancer, diabetes and heart disease. They also reduce inflammation, which is thought to be at the root of many chronic diseases. We are investigating the photoprotective effects of punicalagin, a type of polyphenolic compound mainly found in pomegranates, against UVA-induced damage in human skin fibroblasts. Punicalagin increases cell viability and reduces the high levels of ROS generated by photooxidative stress through its ability to modulate the Nrf2 transcriptional pathway. Interestingly, activation of the Nrf2 pathway results in an increase in reduced glutathione, NADH, and subsequently protects mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Integrating molecular and imaging approaches, our results demonstrate a potential cytoprotective effect of punicalagin against UVA-induced skin damage through an anti-apoptotic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tabolacci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC-CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
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3
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Fan C, Liu F, Li S, Li J, Zhao H, Zeng X. Potential role of Bcl2 in lipid metabolism and synaptic dysfunction of age-related hearing loss. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106320. [PMID: 37813166 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent condition affecting millions of individuals globally. This study investigated the role of the cell survival regulator Bcl2 in ARHL through in vitro and in vivo experiments and metabolomics analysis. The results showed that the lack of Bcl2 in the auditory cortex affects lipid metabolism, resulting in reduced synaptic function and neurodegeneration. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated enrichment of Bcl2 in specific areas of the auditory cortex, including the secondary auditory cortex, dorsal and ventral areas, and primary somatosensory cortex. In ARHL rats, a significant decrease in Bcl2 expression was observed in these areas. RNAseq analysis showed that the downregulation of Bcl2 altered lipid metabolism pathways within the auditory pathway, which was further confirmed by metabolomics analysis. These results suggest that Bcl2 plays a crucial role in regulating lipid metabolism, synaptic function, and neurodegeneration in ARHL; thereby, it could be a potential therapeutic target. We also revealed that Bcl2 probably has a close connection with lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurring in cochlear hair cells and cortical neurons in ARHL. The study also identified changes in hair cells, spiral ganglion cells, and nerve fiber density as consequences of Bcl2 deficiency, which could potentially contribute to the inner ear nerve blockage and subsequent hearing loss. Therefore, targeting Bcl2 may be a promising potential therapeutic intervention for ARHL. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ARHL and may pave the way for novel treatment approaches for this prevalent age-related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China.
| | - Huasong Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China; Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Cong Fan
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Feiyi Liu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shaoying Li
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen 518172, China.
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Paciello F, Ripoli C, Fetoni AR, Grassi C. Redox Imbalance as a Common Pathogenic Factor Linking Hearing Loss and Cognitive Decline. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020332. [PMID: 36829891 PMCID: PMC9952092 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental and clinical data suggest a tight link between hearing and cognitive functions under both physiological and pathological conditions. Indeed, hearing perception requires high-level cognitive processes, and its alterations have been considered a risk factor for cognitive decline. Thus, identifying common pathogenic determinants of hearing loss and neurodegenerative disease is challenging. Here, we focused on redox status imbalance as a possible common pathological mechanism linking hearing and cognitive dysfunctions. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in cochlear damage occurring during aging, as well as in that induced by exogenous factors, including noise. At the same time, increased oxidative stress in medio-temporal brain regions, including the hippocampus, is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease. As such, antioxidant therapy seems to be a promising approach to prevent and/or counteract both sensory and cognitive neurodegeneration. Here, we review experimental evidence suggesting that redox imbalance is a key pathogenetic factor underlying the association between sensorineural hearing loss and neurodegenerative diseases. A greater understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms shared by these two diseased conditions will hopefully provide relevant information to develop innovative and effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Paciello
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristian Ripoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0630154966
| | - Anna Rita Fetoni
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neuroscience, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Bianchetti G, Rizzo GE, Serantoni C, Abeltino A, Rizzi A, Tartaglione L, Caputo S, Flex A, De Spirito M, Pitocco D, Maulucci G. Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911126. [PMID: 36232429 PMCID: PMC9570208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we will investigate if red blood cell (RBC) membrane fluidity, influenced by several hyperglycemia-induced pathways, could provide a complementary index of HbA1c to monitor the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related macroangiopathic complications such as Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). The contextual liquid crystalline (LC) domain spatial organization in the membrane was analysed to investigate the phase dynamics of the transition. Twenty-seven patients with long-duration T2DM were recruited and classified in DM, including 12 non-PAD patients, and DM + PAD, including 15 patients in any stage of PAD. Mean values of RBC generalized polarization (GP), representative of membrane fluidity, together with spatial organization of LC domains were compared between the two groups; p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Although comparable for anthropometric characteristics, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c, RBC membranes of PAD patients were found to be significantly more fluid (GP: 0.501 ± 0.026) than non-PAD patients (GP: 0.519 ± 0.007). These alterations were shown to be triggered by changes in both LC microdomain composition and distribution. We found a decrease in Feret diameter from 0.245 ± 0.281 μm in DM to 0.183 ± 0.124 μm in DM + PAD, and an increase in circularity. Altered RBC membrane fluidity is correlated to a spatial reconfiguration of LC domains, which, by possibly altering metabolic function, are associated with the development of T2DM-related macroangiopathic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cassandra Serantoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Abeltino
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzi
- Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Linda Tartaglione
- Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Caputo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3015-4265
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Investigation of DHA-Induced Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells through the Combination of Metabolic Imaging and Molecular Biology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061072. [PMID: 35739970 PMCID: PMC9219962 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-induced oxidative stress leads to the onset of vascular complications, which are major causes of disability and death in diabetic patients. Among these, diabetic retinopathy (DR) often arises from functional alterations of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) due to damaging oxidative stress reactions in lipids, proteins, and DNA. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the ω3-polyunsaturated docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the regulation of redox homeostasis in the human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line (ARPE-19) under hyperglycemic-like conditions. The present results show that the treatment with DHA under high-glucose conditions activated erythroid 2-related factor Nrf2, which orchestrates the activation of cellular antioxidant pathways and ultimately inhibits apoptosis. This process was accompanied by a marked increase in the expression of NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide plus Hydrogen) Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1), which is correlated with a contextual modulation and intracellular re-organization of the NAD+/NADH redox balance. This investigation of the mechanisms underlying the impairment induced by high levels of glucose on redox homeostasis of the BRB and the subsequent recovery provided by DHA provides both a powerful indicator for the detection of RPE cell impairment as well as a potential metabolic therapeutic target for the early intervention in its treatment.
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Rousset F, Nacher-Soler G, Kokje VBC, Sgroi S, Coelho M, Krause KH, Senn P. NADPH Oxidase 3 Deficiency Protects From Noise-Induced Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:832314. [PMID: 35273964 PMCID: PMC8902251 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.832314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating NADPH oxidase NOX3 isoform is highly and specifically expressed in the inner ear. NOX3 is needed for normal vestibular development but NOX-derived ROS have also been implicated in the pathophysiology of sensorineural hearing loss. The role of NOX-derived ROS in noise-induced hearing loss, however, remains unclear and was addressed with the present study. Two different mouse strains, deficient in NOX3 or its critical subunit p22phox, were subjected to a single noise exposure of 2 h using an 8-16 kHz band noise at an intensity of 116-120 decibel sound pressure level. In the hours following noise exposure, there was a significant increase in cochlear mRNA expression of NOX3 in wild type animals. By using RNAscope in situ hybridization, NOX3 expression was primarily found in the Rosenthal canal area, colocalizing with auditory neurons. One day after the noise trauma, we observed a high frequency hearing loss in both knock-out mice, as well as their wild type littermates. At day seven after noise trauma however, NOX3 and p22phox knockout mice showed a significantly improved hearing recovery and a marked preservation of neurosensory cochlear structures compared to their wild type littermates. Based on these findings, an active role of NOX3 in the pathophysiology of noise-induced hearing loss can be demonstrated, in line with recent evidence obtained in other forms of acquired hearing loss. The present data demonstrates that the absence of functional NOX3 enhances the hearing recovery phase following noise trauma. This opens an interesting clinical window for pharmacological or molecular intervention aiming at post prevention of noise-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Rousset
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - German Nacher-Soler
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vivianne Beatrix Christina Kokje
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of ORL and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphanie Sgroi
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Coelho
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Senn
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of ORL and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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8
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Noise-Induced Cochlear Damage Involves PPAR Down-Regulation through the Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081188. [PMID: 34439436 PMCID: PMC8388985 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cross-talk between oxidative stress and inflammation seems to play a key role in noise-induced hearing loss. Several studies have addressed the role of PPAR receptors in mediating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and, although its protective activity has been demonstrated in several tissues, less is known about how PPARs could be involved in cochlear dysfunction induced by noise exposure. In this study, we used an in vivo model of noise-induced hearing loss to investigate how oxidative stress and inflammation participate in cochlear dysfunction through PPAR signaling pathways. Specifically, we found a progressive decrease in PPAR expression in the cochlea after acoustic trauma, paralleled by an increase in oxidative stress and inflammation. By comparing an antioxidant (Q-ter) and an anti-inflammatory (Anakinra) treatment, we demonstrated that oxidative stress is the primary element of damage in noise-induced cochlear injury and that increased inflammation can be considered a consequence of PPAR down-regulation induced by ROS production. Indeed, by decreasing oxidative stress, PPARs returned to control values, reactivating the negative control on inflammation in a feedback loop.
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9
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Celaya AM, Rodríguez-de la Rosa L, Bermúdez-Muñoz JM, Zubeldia JM, Romá-Mateo C, Avendaño C, Pallardó FV, Varela-Nieto I. IGF-1 Haploinsufficiency Causes Age-Related Chronic Cochlear Inflammation and Increases Noise-Induced Hearing Loss. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071686. [PMID: 34359856 PMCID: PMC8304185 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) deficiency is an ultrarare syndromic human sensorineural deafness. Accordingly, IGF-1 is essential for the postnatal maturation of the cochlea and the correct wiring of hearing in mice. Less severe decreases in human IGF-1 levels have been associated with other hearing loss rare genetic syndromes, as well as with age-related hearing loss (ARHL). However, the underlying mechanisms linking IGF-1 haploinsufficiency with auditory pathology and ARHL have not been studied. Igf1-heterozygous mice express less Igf1 transcription and have 40% lower IGF-1 serum levels than wild-type mice. Along with ageing, IGF-1 levels decreased concomitantly with the increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, Tgfb1 and Il1b, but there was no associated hearing loss. However, noise exposure of these mice caused increased injury to sensory hair cells and irreversible hearing loss. Concomitantly, there was a significant alteration in the expression ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in Igf1+/- mice. Unbalanced inflammation led to the activation of the stress kinase JNK and the failure to activate AKT. Our data show that IGF-1 haploinsufficiency causes a chronic subclinical proinflammatory age-associated state and, consequently, greater susceptibility to stressors. This work provides the molecular bases to further understand hearing disorders linked to IGF-1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaida M. Celaya
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.C.); (J.M.B.-M.); (J.M.Z.)
- Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBERER), The Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (F.V.P.)
| | - Lourdes Rodríguez-de la Rosa
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.C.); (J.M.B.-M.); (J.M.Z.)
- Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBERER), The Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (F.V.P.)
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (L.R.-d.l.R.); (I.V.-N.)
| | - Jose M. Bermúdez-Muñoz
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.C.); (J.M.B.-M.); (J.M.Z.)
- Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBERER), The Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (F.V.P.)
| | - José M. Zubeldia
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.C.); (J.M.B.-M.); (J.M.Z.)
- Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBERER), The Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (F.V.P.)
- Allergy Service, Gregorio Marañon General University Hospital, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Gregorio Marañon Health Research Institute (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Romá-Mateo
- Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBERER), The Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (F.V.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Spain and FIHCUV-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Avendaño
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Neuroscience, Medical School, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBERER), The Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (F.V.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Spain and FIHCUV-INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Varela-Nieto
- Institute for Biomedical Research “Alberto Sols” (IIBM), Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.C.); (J.M.B.-M.); (J.M.Z.)
- Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Networking Centre (CIBERER), The Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (F.V.P.)
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (L.R.-d.l.R.); (I.V.-N.)
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10
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Li D, Zhao H, Cui ZK, Tian G. The Role of Nrf2 in Hearing Loss. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:620921. [PMID: 33912042 PMCID: PMC8072655 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.620921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is a major unresolved problem in the world, which has brought a heavy burden to society, economy, and families. Hair cell damage and loss mediated by oxidative stress are considered to be important causes of hearing loss. The nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a major regulator of antioxidant capacity and is involved in the occurrence and development of a series of toxic and chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress. In recent years, studies on the correlation between hearing loss and Nrf2 target have continuously broadened our knowledge, and Nrf2 has become a new strategic target for the development and reuse of hearing protection drugs. This review summarized the correlation of Nrf2 in various types of hearing loss, and the role of drugs in hearing protection through Nrf2 from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafei Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Kai Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangyong Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Bianchetti G, Azoulay-Ginsburg S, Keshet-Levy NY, Malka A, Zilber S, Korshin EE, Sasson S, De Spirito M, Gruzman A, Maulucci G. Investigation of the Membrane Fluidity Regulation of Fatty Acid Intracellular Distribution by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Novel Polarity Sensitive Fluorescent Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063106. [PMID: 33803648 PMCID: PMC8002861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Free fatty acids are essential structural components of the cell, and their intracellular distribution and effects on membrane organelles have crucial roles in regulating the metabolism, development, and cell cycle of most cell types. Here we engineered novel fluorescent, polarity-sensitive fatty acid derivatives, with the fatty acid aliphatic chain of increasing length (from 12 to 18 carbons). As in the laurdan probe, the lipophilic acyl tail is connected to the environmentally sensitive dimethylaminonaphthalene moiety. The fluorescence lifetime imaging analysis allowed us to monitor the intracellular distribution of the free fatty acids within the cell, and to simultaneously examine how the fluidity and the microviscosity of the membrane environment influence their localization. Each of these probes can thus be used to investigate the membrane fluidity regulation of the correspondent fatty acid intracellular distribution. We observed that, in PC-12 cells, fluorescent sensitive fatty acid derivatives with increased chain length compartmentalize more preferentially in the fluid regions, characterized by a low microviscosity. Moreover, fatty acid derivatives with the longest chain compartmentalize in lipid droplets and lysosomes with characteristic lifetimes, thus making these probes a promising tool for monitoring lipophagy and related events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Neuroscience Department, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Salome Azoulay-Ginsburg
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 59290002, Israel; (S.A.-G.); (N.Y.K.-L.); (A.M.); (E.E.K.)
| | - Nimrod Yosef Keshet-Levy
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 59290002, Israel; (S.A.-G.); (N.Y.K.-L.); (A.M.); (E.E.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel;
| | - Aviv Malka
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 59290002, Israel; (S.A.-G.); (N.Y.K.-L.); (A.M.); (E.E.K.)
| | - Sofia Zilber
- Department of Pathology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel;
| | - Edward E. Korshin
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 59290002, Israel; (S.A.-G.); (N.Y.K.-L.); (A.M.); (E.E.K.)
| | - Shlomo Sasson
- Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem 911210, Israel;
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Neuroscience Department, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 59290002, Israel; (S.A.-G.); (N.Y.K.-L.); (A.M.); (E.E.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (G.M.); Tel.: +972-54-7489041 (A.G.); +39-06-3015-4265 (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Neuroscience Department, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (G.M.); Tel.: +972-54-7489041 (A.G.); +39-06-3015-4265 (G.M.)
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12
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Bianchetti G, Ciccarone F, Ciriolo MR, De Spirito M, Pani G, Maulucci G. Label-free metabolic clustering through unsupervised pixel classification of multiparametric fluorescent images. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1148:238173. [PMID: 33516373 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autofluorescence microscopy is a promising label-free approach to characterize NADH and FAD metabolites in live cells, with potential applications in clinical practice. Although spectrally resolved lifetime imaging techniques can acquire multiparametric information about the biophysical and biochemical state of the metabolites, these data are evaluated at the whole-cell level, thus providing only limited insights in the activation of metabolic networks at the microscale. To overcome this issue, here we introduce an artificial intelligence-based analysis that, leveraging the multiparametric content of spectrally resolved lifetime images, allows to detect and classify, through an unsupervised learning approach, metabolic clusters, which are regions having almost uniform metabolic properties. This method contextually detects the cellular mitochondrial turnover and the metabolic activation state of intracellular compartments at the pixel level, described by two functions: the cytosolic activation state (CAF) and the mitochondrial activation state (MAF). This method was applied to investigate metabolic changes elicited in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by specific inhibitors of glycolysis and electron transport chain, and by the deregulation of a specific mitochondrial enzyme (ACO2) leading to defective aerobic metabolism associated with tumor growth. In this model, mitochondrial fraction undergoes to a 13% increase upon ACO2 overexpression and the MAF function changes abruptly by altering the metabolic state of about the 25% of the mitochondrial pixels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Biophysics, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciccarone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marco De Spirito
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Biophysics, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovambattista Pani
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Biophysics, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Jongkamonwiwat N, Ramirez MA, Edassery S, Wong ACY, Yu J, Abbott T, Pak K, Ryan AF, Savas JN. Noise Exposures Causing Hearing Loss Generate Proteotoxic Stress and Activate the Proteostasis Network. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108431. [PMID: 33238128 PMCID: PMC7722268 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to excessive sound causes noise-induced hearing loss through complex mechanisms and represents a common and unmet neurological condition. We investigate how noise insults affect the cochlea with proteomics and functional assays. Quantitative proteomics reveals that exposure to loud noise causes proteotoxicity. We identify and confirm hundreds of proteins that accumulate, including cytoskeletal proteins, and several nodes of the proteostasis network. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that a subset of the genes encoding these proteins also increases acutely after noise exposure, including numerous proteasome subunits. Global cochlear protein ubiquitylation levels build up after exposure to excess noise, and we map numerous posttranslationally modified lysines residues. Several collagen proteins decrease in abundance, and Col9a1 specifically localizes to pillar cell heads. After two weeks of recovery, the cochlea selectively elevates the abundance of the protein synthesis machinery. We report that overstimulation of the auditory system drives a robust cochlear proteotoxic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nopporn Jongkamonwiwat
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Miguel A Ramirez
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Seby Edassery
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ann C Y Wong
- Departments of Surgery and Neuroscience, University of California San Diego and Veterans Administration Medical Center, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Translational Neuroscience Facility, Department of Physiology, NSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jintao Yu
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tirzah Abbott
- Northwestern University Atomic and Nanoscale Characterization Experimental (NUANCE) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Kwang Pak
- Departments of Surgery and Neuroscience, University of California San Diego and Veterans Administration Medical Center, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Allen F Ryan
- Departments of Surgery and Neuroscience, University of California San Diego and Veterans Administration Medical Center, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jeffrey N Savas
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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14
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Matarèse BFE, Lad J, Seymour C, Schofield PN, Mothersill C. Bio-acoustic signaling; exploring the potential of sound as a mediator of low-dose radiation and stress responses in the environment. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 98:1083-1097. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1834162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno F. E. Matarèse
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jigar Lad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Colin Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Paul N. Schofield
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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15
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Bianchetti G, Spirito MD, Maulucci G. Unsupervised clustering of multiparametric fluorescent images extends the spectrum of detectable cell membrane phases with sub-micrometric resolution. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:5728-5744. [PMID: 33149982 PMCID: PMC7587257 DOI: 10.1364/boe.399655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Solvatochromic probes undergo an emission shift when the hydration level of the membrane environment increases and are commonly used to distinguish between solid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases in artificial membrane bilayers. This emission shift is currently limited in unraveling the broad spectrum of membrane phases of natural cell membranes and their spatial organization. Spectrally resolved fluorescence lifetime imaging can provide pixel-resolved multiparametric information about the biophysical state of the membranes, like membrane hydration, microviscosity and the partition coefficient of the probe. Here, we introduce a clustering based analysis that, leveraging the multiparametric content of spectrally resolved lifetime images, allows us to classify through an unsupervised learning approach multiple membrane phases with sub-micrometric resolution. This method extends the spectrum of detectable membrane phases allowing to dissect and characterize up to six different phases, and to study real-time phase transitions in cultured cells and tissues undergoing different treatments. We applied this method to investigate membrane remodeling induced by high glucose on PC-12 neuronal cells, associated with the development of diabetic neuropathy. Due to its wide applicability, this method provides a new paradigm in the analysis of environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, 00168
Rome, Italy
- Neuroscience Department, Biophysics
Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, 00168
Rome, Italy
- Neuroscience Department, Biophysics
Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, 00168
Rome, Italy
- Neuroscience Department, Biophysics
Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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16
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Paciello F, Di Pino A, Rolesi R, Troiani D, Paludetti G, Grassi C, Fetoni AR. Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of caffeic acid: in vivo evidences in a model of noise-induced hearing loss. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 143:111555. [PMID: 32640333 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The imbalance of cellular redox status, in conjunction with the activation of inflammatory processes, have been considered common predominant mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss. The identification of novel natural products as potential therapeuticstargeting oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways is an emerging field. Here, we focused on the polyphenol caffeic acid (CA), the major representative of hydroxycinnamic acids and phenolic acid, in order to investigate its protective capacity in a model of sensorineural hearing loss induced by noise. METHODS AND RESULTS Hearing loss was induced by exposing animals (Wistar rats) to a pure tone, 120 dB, 10 kHz for 60 min. By using auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and immunofluorescence analysis, we found that CA protects auditory function and limits cell death in the cochlear middle/basal turn, damaged by noise exposure. Immunofluorescence analysis provided evidence that CA mediates multiple cell protection mechanisms involving both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects by decreasing NF-κB and IL-1β expression in the cochlea and opposing the oxidative/nitrosative damage induced by noise insult. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the supplementation of polyphenol CA can be considered a valid therapeutic strategy for attenuating noise-induced hearing loss and cochlear damage targeting both inflammatory signalling and cochlear redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Paciello
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Di Pino
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Diana Troiani
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fetoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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17
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Bianchetti G, Di Giacinto F, De Spirito M, Maulucci G. Machine-learning assisted confocal imaging of intracellular sites of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters formation and storage. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1121:57-66. [PMID: 32493590 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
All living systems are maintained by a constant flux of metabolic energy and, among the different reactions, the process of lipids storage and lipolysis is of fundamental importance. Current research has focused on the investigation of lipid droplets (LD) as a powerful biomarker for the early detection of metabolic and neurological disorders. Efforts in this field aim at increasing selectivity for LD detection by exploiting existing or newly synthesized probes. However, LD constitute only the final product of a complex series of reactions during which fatty acids are transformed into triglycerides and cholesterol is transformed in cholesteryl esters. These final products can be accumulated in intracellular organelles or deposits other than LD. A complete spatial mapping of the intracellular sites of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters formation and storage is, therefore, crucial to highlight any potential metabolic imbalance, thus predicting and counteracting its progression. Here, we present a machine learning assisted, polarity-driven segmentation which enables to localize and quantify triglycerides and cholesteryl esters biosynthesis sites in all intracellular organelles, thus allowing to monitor in real-time the overall process of the turnover of these non-polar lipids in living cells. This technique is applied to normal and differentiated PC12 cells to test how the level of activation of biosynthetic pathways changes in response to the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Di Giacinto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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18
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Fröhlich F, Gröschel M, Strübing I, Ernst A, Basta D. Apoptosis in the cochlear nucleus and inferior colliculus upon repeated noise exposure. Noise Health 2020; 20:223-231. [PMID: 31823909 PMCID: PMC6924190 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_30_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The time course of apoptosis and the corresponding neuronal loss was previously shown in central auditory pathway of mice after a single noise exposure. However, repeated acoustic exposure is a major risk factor for noise-induced hearing loss. The present study investigated apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay after a second noise trauma in the ventral and dorsal cochlear nucleus and central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. Mice [Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) strain] were noise exposed [115 dB sound pressure level, 5-20 kHz, 3 h) at day 0. A double group received the identical noise exposure a second time at day 7 post-exposure and apoptosis was either analyzed immediately (7-day group-double) or 1 week later (14-day group-double). Corresponding single exposure groups were chosen as controls. No differences in TUNEL were seen between 7-day or 14-day single and double-trauma groups. Interestingly, independent of the second noise exposure, apoptosis increased significantly in the 14-day groups compared to the 7-day groups in all investigated areas. It seems that the first noise trauma has a long-lasting effect on apoptotic mechanisms in the central auditory pathway that were not largely influenced by a second trauma. Homeostatic mechanisms induced by the first trauma might protect the central auditory pathway from further damage during a specific time slot. These results might help to understand the underlying mechanisms of different psychoacoustic phenomena in noise-induced hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Fröhlich
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Gröschel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ira Strübing
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Ernst
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Basta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus, Charité Medical School, Berlin, Germany
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19
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The Nootropic Drug Α-Glyceryl-Phosphoryl-Ethanolamine Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Human Hippocampal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030941. [PMID: 32023864 PMCID: PMC7038199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging involves changes in the lipid membrane composition that lead to a decrease in membrane excitability and neurotransmitter release. These membrane modifications have been identified as contributing factors in age-related memory decline. In this sense, precursors of phospholipids (PLs) can restore the physiological composition of cellular membranes and produce valuable therapeutic effects in brain aging. Among promising drugs, alpha-glycerylphosphorylethanolamine (GPE) has demonstrated protective effects in amyloid-injured astrocytes and in an aging model of human neural stem cells. However, the compound properties on mature neuronal cells remain unexplored. Herein, GPE was tested in human hippocampal neurons, which are involved in learning and memory, and characterized by a functional cholinergic transmission, thus representing a valuable cellular model to explore the beneficial properties of GPE. GPE induced the release of the main membrane phospholipids and of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter. Moreover, the compound reduced lipid peroxidation and enhanced membrane fluidity of human brain cells. GPE counteracted the DNA damage and viability decrease observed in in vitro aged neurons. Among GPE treatment effects, the autophagy was found positively upregulated. Overall, these results confirm the beneficial effects of GPE treatment and suggest the compound as a promising drug to preserve hippocampal neurons and virtually memory performances.
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20
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Ciccarone F, Di Leo L, Lazzarino G, Maulucci G, Di Giacinto F, Tavazzi B, Ciriolo MR. Aconitase 2 inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 cells promoting mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and ROS/FoxO1-mediated autophagic response. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:182-193. [PMID: 31819175 PMCID: PMC7051954 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deregulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) due to mutations in specific enzymes or defective aerobic metabolism is associated with tumour growth. Aconitase 2 (ACO2) participates in the TCA cycle by converting citrate to isocitrate, but no evident demonstrations of its involvement in cancer metabolism have been provided so far. Methods Biochemical assays coupled with molecular biology, in silico, and cellular tools were applied to circumstantiate the impact of ACO2 in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 metabolism. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of NADH was used to corroborate the changes in bioenergetics. Results We showed that ACO2 levels are decreased in breast cancer cell lines and human tumour biopsies. We generated ACO2- overexpressing MCF-7 cells and employed comparative analyses to identify metabolic adaptations. We found that increased ACO2 expression impairs cell proliferation and commits cells to redirect pyruvate to mitochondria, which weakens Warburg-like bioenergetic features. We also demonstrated that the enhancement of oxidative metabolism was supported by mitochondrial biogenesis and FoxO1-mediated autophagy/mitophagy that sustains the increased ROS burst. Conclusions This work identifies ACO2 as a relevant gene in cancer metabolic rewiring of MCF-7 cells, promoting a different utilisation of pyruvate and revealing the potential metabolic vulnerability of ACO2-associated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ciccarone
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Luca Di Leo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, 00133, Italy.,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Unit of Cell Stress and Survival, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giacomo Lazzarino
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Rome, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Di Giacinto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Rome, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Tavazzi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University of Rome, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Rome, 00133, Italy. .,IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via della Pisana 235, Rome, 00163, Italy.
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21
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Bianchetti G, Di Giacinto F, Pitocco D, Rizzi A, Rizzo GE, De Leva F, Flex A, di Stasio E, Ciasca G, De Spirito M, Maulucci G. Red blood cells membrane micropolarity as a novel diagnostic indicator of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Anal Chim Acta X 2019; 3:100030. [PMID: 33117983 PMCID: PMC7587021 DOI: 10.1016/j.acax.2019.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Classification of the category of diabetes is extremely important for clinicians to diagnose and select the correct treatment plan. Glycosylation, oxidation and other post-translational modifications of membrane and transmembrane proteins, as well as impairment in cholesterol homeostasis, can alter lipid density, packing, and interactions of Red blood cells (RBC) plasma membranes in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, thus varying their membrane micropolarity. This can be estimated, at a submicrometric scale, by determining the membrane relative permittivity, which is the factor by which the electric field between the charges is decreased relative to vacuum. Here, we employed a membrane micropolarity sensitive probe to monitor variations in red blood cells of healthy subjects (n=16) and patients affected by type 1 (T1DM, n=10) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, n=24) to provide a cost-effective and supplementary indicator for diabetes classification. We find a less polar membrane microenvironment in T2DM patients, and a more polar membrane microenvironment in T1DM patients compared to control healthy patients. The differences in micropolarity are statistically significant among the three groups (p<0.01). The role of serum cholesterol pool in determining these differences was investigated, and other factors potentially altering the response of the probe were considered in view of developing a clinical assay based on RBC membrane micropolarity. These preliminary data pave the way for the development of an innovative assay which could become a tool for diagnosis and progression monitoring of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Dynamic flux of cholesterol is differentially altered in T1DM and T2DM. Red blood cell senses the dynamic flux of lipids by changing its micropolarity. Laurdan can measure micropolarity in red blood cells membranes. Differences in micropolarity between the three groups are statistically significant. Red blood cell Micropolarity is an innovative assay for diabetes classification.
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Key Words
- DMPC, dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
- DPPC, dipalmitoilphosphatidylcholine
- Diabetes mellitus
- Fluorescence lifetime microscopy
- HDL, high-density lipoproteins
- HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- HbA1c, glycated Haemoglobin
- LDL, low-density lipoproteins
- LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- Membrane micropolarity
- Metabolic imaging
- PC, phosphatydilcholine
- Personalized medicine
- RBC, red blood cells
- Red blood cells
- T1DM, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- T2DM, Type 2 diabetes Mellitus
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio Di Giacinto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Leva
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Diabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Cardiovascular Disease Division, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico di Stasio
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Ciasca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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22
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Di Giacinto F, De Spirito M, Maulucci G. Low-Intensity Ultrasound Induces Thermodynamic Phase Separation of Cell Membranes through a Nucleation-Condensation Process. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2019; 45:1143-1150. [PMID: 30773378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fluidity, a broad term adopted to describe the thermodynamic phase state of biological membranes, can be altered by local pressure variations caused by ultrasound exposure. The alterations in lipid spatial configuration and dynamics can modify their interactions with membrane proteins and activate signal transduction pathways, thus regulating several cellular functions. Here fluidity maps of murine fibroblast cells are generated at a sub-micrometric scale during ultrasound stimulation with an intensity and frequency typical of medical applications. Ultrasound induces a phase separation characterized by two-step kinetics leading to a time-dependent decrease in fluidity. First, nucleation of liquid crystallin domains with an average dimension of ∼1 μm occurs. Then, these domains condense into larger clusters with an average dimension of ∼1.5 μm. The induced phase separation could be an important driving force critical for the cellular response connecting the ultrasound-induced mechanical stress and signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Di Giacinto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, Rome, Italy; Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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23
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Fetoni AR, Paciello F, Rolesi R, Paludetti G, Troiani D. Targeting dysregulation of redox homeostasis in noise-induced hearing loss: Oxidative stress and ROS signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:46-59. [PMID: 30802489 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss caused by exposure to recreational and occupational noise remains a worldwide disabling condition and dysregulation of redox homeostasis is the hallmark of cochlear damage induced by noise exposure. In this review we discuss the dual function of ROS to both promote cell damage (oxidative stress) and cell adaptive responses (ROS signaling) in the cochlea undergoing a stressful condition such as noise exposure. We focus on animal models of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and on the function of exogenous antioxidants to maintaining a physiological role of ROS signaling by distinguishing the effect of exogenous "direct" antioxidants (i.e. CoQ10, NAC), that react with ROS to decrease oxidative stress, from the exogenous "indirect" antioxidants (i.e. nutraceutics and phenolic compounds) that can activate cellular redox enzymes through the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. The anti-inflammatory properties of Nrf2 signaling are discussed in relation to the ROS/inflammation interplay in noise exposure. Unveiling the mechanisms of ROS regulating redox-associated signaling pathways is essential in providing relevant targets for innovative and effective therapeutic strategies against NIHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Fetoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paciello
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; CNR Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Troiani
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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24
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Scanferlato R, Bortolotti M, Sansone A, Chatgilialoglu C, Polito L, De Spirito M, Maulucci G, Bolognesi A, Ferreri C. Hexadecenoic Fatty Acid Positional Isomers and De Novo PUFA Synthesis in Colon Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040832. [PMID: 30769921 PMCID: PMC6412212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitic acid metabolism involves delta-9 and delta-6 desaturase enzymes forming palmitoleic acid (9cis-16:1; n-7 series) and sapienic acid (6cis-16:1; n-10 series), respectively. The corresponding biological consequences and lipidomic research on these positional monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) isomers are under development. Furthermore, sapienic acid can bring to the de novo synthesis of the n-10 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sebaleic acid (5cis,8cis-18:2), but such transformations in cancer cells are not known. The model of Caco-2 cell line was used to monitor sapienic acid supplementation (150 and 300 μM) and provide evidence of the formation of n-10 fatty acids as well as their incorporation at levels of membrane phospholipids and triglycerides. Comparison with palmitoleic and palmitic acids evidenced that lipid remodelling was influenced by the type of fatty acid and positional isomer, with an increase of 8cis-18:1, n-10 PUFA and a decrease of saturated fats in case of sapienic acid. Cholesteryl esters were formed only in cases with sapienic acid. Sapienic acid was the less toxic among the tested fatty acids, showing the highest EC50s and inducing death only in 75% of cells at the highest concentration tested. Two-photon fluorescent microscopy with Laurdan as a fluorescent dye provided information on membrane fluidity, highlighting that sapienic acid increases the distribution of fluid regions, probably connected with the formation of 8cis-18:1 and the n-10 PUFA in cell lipidome. Our results bring evidence for MUFA positional isomers and de novo PUFA synthesis for developing lipidomic analysis and cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Scanferlato
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISOF, Area della Ricerca, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bortolotti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Sansone
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISOF, Area della Ricerca, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Letizia Polito
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Istituto di Fisica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Roma, Italy.
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Istituto di Fisica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Roma, Italy.
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Bolognesi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Carla Ferreri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISOF, Area della Ricerca, 40129 Bologna, Italy.
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25
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Paciello F, Fetoni AR, Rolesi R, Wright MB, Grassi C, Troiani D, Paludetti G. Pioglitazone Represents an Effective Therapeutic Target in Preventing Oxidative/Inflammatory Cochlear Damage Induced by Noise Exposure. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1103. [PMID: 30349478 PMCID: PMC6187064 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in hearing loss research has provided strong evidence for the imbalance of cellular redox status and inflammation as common predominant mechanisms of damage affecting the organ of Corti including noise induced hearing loss. The discovery of a protective molecule acting on both mechanisms is challenging. The thiazolidinediones, a class of antidiabetic drugs including pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, have demonstrated diverse pleiotrophic effects in many tissues where they exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, tissue protective effects and regulators of redox balance acting as agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). They are members of the family of ligand regulated nuclear hormone receptors that are also expressed in several cochlear cell types, including the outer hair cells. In this study, we investigated the protective capacity of pioglitazone in a model of noise-induced hearing loss in Wistar rats and the molecular mechanisms underlying this protective effects. Specifically, we employed a formulation of pioglitazone in a biocompatible thermogel providing rapid, uniform and sustained inner ear drug delivery via transtympanic injection. Following noise exposure (120 dB, 10 kHz, 1 h), different time schedules of treatment were employed: we explored the efficacy of pioglitazone given immediately (1 h) or at delayed time points (24 and 48 h) after noise exposure and the time course and extent of hearing recovery were assessed. We found that pioglitazone was able to protect auditory function at the mid-high frequencies and to limit cell death in the cochlear basal/middle turn, damaged by noise exposure. Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis provided evidence that pioglitazone mediates both anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects by decreasing NF-κB and IL-1β expression in the cochlea and opposing the oxidative damage induced by noise insult. These results suggest that intratympanic pioglitazone can be considered a valid therapeutic strategy for attenuating noise-induced hearing loss and cochlear damage, reducing inflammatory signaling and restoring cochlear redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Paciello
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fetoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Grassi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Troiani
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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26
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Cordelli E, Maulucci G, De Spirito M, Rizzi A, Pitocco D, Soda P. A decision support system for type 1 diabetes mellitus diagnostics based on dual channel analysis of red blood cell membrane fluidity. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2018; 162:263-271. [PMID: 29903493 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Investigation of membrane fluidity by metabolic functional imaging opens up a new and important area of translational research in type 1 diabetes mellitus, being a useful and sensitive biomarker for disease monitoring and treatment. We investigate here how data on membrane fluidity can be used for diabetes monitoring. METHODS We present a decision support system that distinguishes between healthy subjects, type 1 diabetes mellitus patients, and type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with complications. It leverages on dual channel data computed from the physical state of human red blood cells membranes by means of features based on first- and second-order statistical measures as well as on rotation invariant co-occurrence local binary patterns. The experiments were carried out on a dataset of more than 1000 images belonging to 27 subjects. RESULTS Our method shows a global accuracy of 100%, outperforming also the state-of-the-art approach based on the glycosylated hemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS The proposed recognition approach permits to achieve promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermanno Cordelli
- Unit of Computer Systems and Bioinformatics, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzi
- Istituto di Medicina Interna, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Istituto di Medicina Interna, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Soda
- Unit of Computer Systems and Bioinformatics, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
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27
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Crociati M, Di Giacinto F, Manuali E, Stradaioli G, Sylla L, Monaci M, Maulucci G, De Spirito M. Systemic profiling of ectopic fat deposits in the reproductive tract of dairy cows. Theriogenology 2018; 114:46-53. [PMID: 29597123 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During the transition period, high-yielding dairy cows suffer from negative energy balance, intense lipomobilization and impaired lipid metabolism; this metabolic condition can lead to overburdened triglycerides accumulation in the liver, known as liver lipidosis, which has been associated to impaired fertility in dairy cows. The mechanisms of this impairment can be in principle correlated with the presence and the extent of ectopic fat depots. However, current methods for evaluating fat accumulation in liver and in the reproductive tract suffer from low resolution, sensitivity, and specificity. Confocal microscopes are equipped with Gallium arsenide phosphide detectors, thus enabling the acquisition of intense signals from tissue biopsies. This method could differentiate whether fat deposition occurred without requiring sample sectioning. Here, we examined with this technique liver, uterine and ovarian samples of heifers and regularly slaughtered repeat breeder and overconditioned dairy cows, to quantify lipid droplets and depots at a submicrometer scale with high specificity. With the aid of this technique, we found lipid depots in uterine and ovarian specimens. Moreover, we found that the size and number of depots increased with the degree of liver lipidosis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between the severity and extent of these deposits and the fertility of lactating dairy cows. Since tissues other than liver display different characteristic lipid droplet distributions, this technique can be potentially employed to shed new light on the pathogenesis of lipidosis and to assess new risk factors for infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Crociati
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, Via S. Costanzo, 4, Perugia, Italy
| | - Flavio Di Giacinto
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Manuali
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche, Via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stradaioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università di Udine, via Palladio 8, Udine, Italy
| | - Lakamy Sylla
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, Via S. Costanzo, 4, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Monaci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Perugia, Via S. Costanzo, 4, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome, Italy
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28
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Palucci I, Matic I, Falasca L, Minerva M, Maulucci G, De Spirito M, Petruccioli E, Goletti D, Rossin F, Piacentini M, Delogu G. Transglutaminase type 2 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J Intern Med 2018; 283:303-313. [PMID: 29205566 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the aetiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), is capable of interfering with the phagosome maturation pathway, by inhibiting phagosome-lysosome fusion and the autophagic process to ensure survival and replication in macrophages. Thus, it has been proposed that the modulation of autophagy may represent a therapeutic approach to reduce MTB viability by enhancing its clearance. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether transglutaminase type 2 (TG2) is involved in the pathogenesis of MTB. RESULTS We have shown that either genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TG2 leads to a marked reduction in MTB replicative capacity. Infection of TG2 knockout mice demonstrated that TG2 is required for MTB intracellular survival in macrophages and host tissues. The same inhibitory effect can be reproduced in vitro using Z-DON, a specific inhibitor of the transamidating activity of TG2. Massive cell death observed in macrophages that properly express TG2 is hampered by the absence of the enzyme and can be largely reduced by the treatment of wild-type macrophages with the TG2 inhibitor. Our data suggest that reduced MTB replication in cells lacking TG2 is due to the impairment of LC3/autophagy homeostasis. Finally, we have shown that treatment of MTB-infected murine and human primary macrophages with cystamine, a TG2 inhibitor already tested in clinical studies, causes a reduction in intracellular colony-forming units in human macrophages similar to that achieved by the anti-TB drug capreomycin. CONCLUSION These results suggest that inhibition of TG2 activity is a potential novel approach for the treatment of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Palucci
- Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - I Matic
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - L Falasca
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - M Minerva
- Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - G Maulucci
- Institute of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - M De Spirito
- Institute of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - E Petruccioli
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - D Goletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - F Rossin
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - M Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,National Institute for Infectious Diseases, IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - G Delogu
- Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
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29
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Phase separation of the plasma membrane in human red blood cells as a potential tool for diagnosis and progression monitoring of type 1 diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184109. [PMID: 28880900 PMCID: PMC5589169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation, oxidation and other post-translational modifications of membrane and transmembrane proteins can alter lipid density, packing and interactions, and are considered an important factor that affects fluidity variation in membranes. Red blood cells (RBC) membrane physical state, showing pronounced alterations in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), could be the ideal candidate for monitoring the disease progression and the effects of therapies. On these grounds, the measurement of RBC membrane fluidity alterations can furnish a more sensitive index in T1DM diagnosis and disease progression than Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which reflects only the information related to glycosylation processes. Here, through a functional two-photon microscopy approach we retrieved fluidity maps at submicrometric scale in RBC of T1DM patients with and without complications, detecting an altered membrane equilibrium. We found that a phase separation between fluid and rigid domains occurs, triggered by systemic effects on membranes fluidity of glycation and oxidation. The phase separation patterns are different among healthy, T1DM and T1DM with complications patients. Blood cholesterol and LDL content are positively correlated with the extent of the phase separation patterns. To quantify this extent a machine learning approach is employed to develop a Decision-Support-System (DSS) able to recognize different fluidity patterns in RBC. Preliminary analysis shows significant differences(p<0.001) among healthy, T1DM and T1DM with complications patients. The development of an assay based on Phase separation of the plasma membrane of the Red Blood cells is a potential tool for diagnosis and progression monitoring of type 1 diabetes mellitus, and could allow customization and the selection of medical treatments in T1DM in clinical settings, and enable the early detection of complications.
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30
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Palmieri V, Bozzi M, Signorino G, Papi M, De Spirito M, Brancaccio A, Maulucci G, Sciandra F. α-Dystroglycan hypoglycosylation affects cell migration by influencing β-dystroglycan membrane clustering and filopodia length: A multiscale confocal microscopy analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2182-2191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Fröhlich F, Basta D, Strübing I, Ernst A, Gröschel M. Time course of cell death due to acoustic overstimulation in the mouse medial geniculate body and primary auditory cortex. Noise Health 2017; 19:133-139. [PMID: 28615543 PMCID: PMC5501023 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_10_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been shown that acoustic overstimulation induces cell death and extensive cell loss in key structures of the central auditory pathway. A correlation between noise-induced apoptosis and cell loss was hypothesized for the cochlear nucleus and colliculus inferior. To determine the role of cell death in noise-induced cell loss in thalamic and cortical structures, the present mouse study (NMRI strain) describes the time course following noise exposure of cell death mechanisms for the ventral medial geniculate body (vMGB), medial MGB (mMGB), and dorsal MGB (dMGB) and the six histological layers of the primary auditory cortex (AI 1-6). Therefore, a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dioxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay (TUNEL) was performed in these structures 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days after noise exposure (3 h, 115 dB sound pressure level, 5-20 kHz), as well as in unexposed controls. In the dMGB, TUNEL was statistically significant elevated 24 h postexposure. AI-1 showed a decrease in TUNEL after 14 days. There was no statistically significant difference between groups for the other brain areas investigated. dMGB's widespread connection within the central auditory pathway and its nontonotopical organization might explain its prominent increase in TUNEL compared to the other MGB subdivisions and the AI. It is assumed that the onset and peak of noise-induced cell death is delayed in higher areas of the central auditory pathway and takes place between 24 h and 7 days postexposure in thalamic and cortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Fröhlich
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Basta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ira Strübing
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Ernst
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Gröschel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Charité Medical School, Warener Straße 7, Berlin, Germany
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Fetoni AR, Rolesi R, Paciello F, Eramo SLM, Grassi C, Troiani D, Paludetti G. Styrene enhances the noise induced oxidative stress in the cochlea and affects differently mechanosensory and supporting cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 101:211-225. [PMID: 27769922 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and human investigations have raised the level of concern about the potential ototoxicity of organic solvents and their interaction with noise. The main objective of this study was to characterize the effects of the combined noise and styrene exposure on hearing focusing on the mechanism of damage on the sensorineural cells and supporting cells of the organ of Corti and neurons of the ganglion of Corti. The impact of single and combined exposures on hearing was evaluated by auditory functional testing and histological analyses of cochlear specimens. The mechanism of damage was studied by analyzing superoxide anion and lipid peroxidation expression and by computational analyses of immunofluorescence data to evaluate and compare the oxidative stress pattern in outer hair cells versus the supporting epithelial cells of the organ of Corti. The oxidative stress hypothesis was further analyzed by evaluating the protective effect of a Coenzyme Q10 analogue, the water soluble Qter, molecule known to have protective antioxidant properties against noise induced hearing loss and by the analysis of the expression of the endogenous defense enzymes. This study provides evidence of a reciprocal noise-styrene synergism based on a redox imbalance mechanism affecting, although with a different intensity of damage, the outer hair cell (OHC) sensory epithelium. Moreover, these two damaging agents address preferentially different cochlear targets: noise mainly the sensory epithelium, styrene the supporting epithelial cells. Namely, the increase pattern of lipid peroxidation in the organ of Corti matched the cell damage distribution, involving predominantly OHC layer in noise exposed cochleae and both OHC and Deiters' cell layers in the styrene or combined exposed cochleae. The antioxidant treatment reduced the lipid peroxidation increase, potentiated the endogenous antioxidant defense system at OHC level in both exposures but it failed to ameliorate the oxidative imbalance and cell death of Deiters' cells in the styrene and combined exposures. Current antioxidant therapeutic approaches to preventing sensory loss focus on hair cells alone. It remains to be seen whether targeting supporting cells, in addition to hair cells, might be an effective approach to protecting exposed subjects.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/drug effects
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner/pathology
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/drug effects
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/metabolism
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/pathology
- Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/metabolism
- Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/pathology
- Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/physiopathology
- Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced/prevention & control
- Labyrinth Supporting Cells/drug effects
- Labyrinth Supporting Cells/metabolism
- Labyrinth Supporting Cells/pathology
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- Male
- Noise/adverse effects
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Oxidative Stress
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Styrene/toxicity
- Ubiquinone/analogs & derivatives
- Ubiquinone/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Fetoni
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica School of Medicine, Rome, Italy; Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR, Monterotondo, Italy.
| | - R Rolesi
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - F Paciello
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica School of Medicine, Rome, Italy; Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - S L M Eramo
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - C Grassi
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - D Troiani
- Institute of Human Physiology, Università Cattolica School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - G Paludetti
- Institute of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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Maulucci G, Cohen O, Daniel B, Sansone A, Petropoulou PI, Filou S, Spyridonidis A, Pani G, De Spirito M, Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri C, Kypreos KE, Sasson S. Fatty acid-related modulations of membrane fluidity in cells: detection and implications. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:S40-S50. [PMID: 27593084 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1231403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis of fatty acids is complex and well-regulated in all organisms. The biosynthesis of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in mammals provides substrates for β-oxidation and ATP production. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are products of desaturases that introduce a methylene group in cis geometry in SFA. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 and n-3 PUFA) are products of elongation and desaturation of the essential linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, respectively. The liver processes dietary fatty acids and exports them in lipoproteins for distribution and storage in peripheral tissues. The three types of fatty acids are integrated in membrane phospholipids and determine their biophysical properties and functions. This study was aimed at investigating effects of fatty acids on membrane biophysical properties under varying nutritional and pathological conditions, by integrating lipidomic analysis of membrane phospholipids with functional two-photon microscopy (fTPM) of cellular membranes. This approach was applied to two case studies: first, pancreatic beta-cells, to investigate hormetic and detrimental effects of lipids. Second, red blood cells extracted from a genetic mouse model defective in lipoproteins, to understand the role of lipids in hepatic diseases and metabolic syndrome and their effect on circulating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Maulucci
- a Institute of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Roma , Italy
| | - O Cohen
- b Institute for Drug Research, Section of Pharmacology, Diabetes Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - B Daniel
- b Institute for Drug Research, Section of Pharmacology, Diabetes Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - A Sansone
- c ISOF, BioFreeRadicals Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Bologna , Italy
| | - P I Petropoulou
- d Department of Pharmacology , University of Patras Medical School , Rio , Greece
| | - S Filou
- d Department of Pharmacology , University of Patras Medical School , Rio , Greece
| | - A Spyridonidis
- e Hematology Department , University of Patras Medical School , Rio , Greece
| | - G Pani
- f Institute of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Roma , Italy
| | - M De Spirito
- a Institute of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Roma , Italy
| | - C Chatgilialoglu
- c ISOF, BioFreeRadicals Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Bologna , Italy
| | - C Ferreri
- c ISOF, BioFreeRadicals Group, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Bologna , Italy
| | - K E Kypreos
- d Department of Pharmacology , University of Patras Medical School , Rio , Greece
| | - S Sasson
- b Institute for Drug Research, Section of Pharmacology, Diabetes Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem , Israel
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Tersigni C, Di Nicuolo F, Maulucci G, Rolfo A, Giuffrida D, Veglia M, De Spirito M, Scambia G, Todros T, Di Simone N. Placental Chemokine Receptor D6 Is Functionally Impaired in Pre-Eclampsia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164747. [PMID: 27780270 PMCID: PMC5079655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is defined by new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after the 20th week of gestation and characterized by systemic exaggerated inflammatory response. D6 is a chemokines scavenger receptor that binds with high affinity CC chemokines, internalizes and targets the ligands for degradation. It is expressed in trophoblast-derived tissues and prevents excessive placenta leukocyte infiltration.The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and function of D6 in human placentae from pre-eclamptic and healthy pregnant women. Methods and Results Plasma levels of D6-binding CC chemokines (CCL-2, CCL-3, CCL-4, CCL-7, CCL-11) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP) were analyzed in 37 healthy pregnant women and 38 patients with PE by multiplex bead assay. Higher circulating levels of CCL7, CCL11, IL-6, (p<0.0001) and CRP (p<0.05) were observed in PE women compared to controls. Levels of circulating CCL4 were decreased in PE (p<0.001), while no significant differences of CCL2, CCL3 or TNF-α levels were detected. Immunofluorescent staining of placental sections showed higher expression of D6 receptor in the PE syncytiotrophoblast. Confocal and Western blot (WB) analyses revealed a prevalent distribution of D6 in trophoblast cells membranes in PE. Increased activation of D6 intracellular pathway was observed by Western blot analyses of p-LIMK and p-cofilin in trophoblast cell lysates. D6 functional assays showed reduced scavenging of CCL2 in PE cells compared to controls. Since actin filaments spatial assembling is essential for D6 intracellular trafficking and scavenging activity, we investigated by confocal microscopy trophoblast cytoskeleton organization and we observed a dramatic disarrangement in PE compared to controls. Conclusions our results suggest membrane distribution of D6 receptor on trophoblast cell membranes in PE, together with reduced functionality, probably due to cytoskeleton impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tersigni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Di Nicuolo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Institute of Physics, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rolfo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sant'Anna Hospital, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Domenica Giuffrida
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sant'Anna Hospital, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Veglia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Institute of Physics, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Tullia Todros
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Sant'Anna Hospital, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Maulucci G, Chiarpotto M, Papi M, Samengo D, Pani G, De Spirito M. Quantitative analysis of autophagic flux by confocal pH-imaging of autophagic intermediates. Autophagy 2016; 11:1905-16. [PMID: 26506895 PMCID: PMC4824579 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2015.1084455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although numerous techniques have been developed to monitor autophagy and to probe its cellular functions, these methods cannot evaluate in sufficient detail the autophagy process, and suffer limitations from complex experimental setups and/or systematic errors. Here we developed a method to image, contextually, the number and pH of autophagic intermediates by using the probe mRFP-GFP-LC3B as a ratiometric pH sensor. This information is expressed functionally by AIPD, the pH distribution of the number of autophagic intermediates per cell. AIPD analysis reveals how intermediates are characterized by a continuous pH distribution, in the range 4.5–6.5, and therefore can be described by a more complex set of states rather than the usual biphasic one (autophagosomes and autolysosomes). AIPD shape and amplitude are sensitive to alterations in the autophagy pathway induced by drugs or environmental states, and allow a quantitative estimation of autophagic flux by retrieving the concentrations of autophagic intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Maulucci
- a Istituto di Fisica; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; Rome , Italy
| | - Michela Chiarpotto
- a Istituto di Fisica; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; Rome , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Papi
- a Istituto di Fisica; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; Rome , Italy
| | - Daniela Samengo
- b Istituto di Patologia Generale; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; Rome , Italy
| | - Giovambattista Pani
- b Istituto di Patologia Generale; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; Rome , Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- a Istituto di Fisica; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; Rome , Italy
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36
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Maulucci G, Bačić G, Bridal L, Schmidt HH, Tavitian B, Viel T, Utsumi H, Yalçın AS, De Spirito M. Imaging Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Modifications in Living Systems. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:939-58. [PMID: 27139586 PMCID: PMC4900226 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) may regulate signaling, ion channels, transcription factors, and biosynthetic processes. ROS-related diseases can be due to either a shortage or an excess of ROS. RECENT ADVANCES Since the biological activity of ROS depends on not only concentration but also spatiotemporal distribution, real-time imaging of ROS, possibly in vivo, has become a need for scientists, with potential for clinical translation. New imaging techniques as well as new contrast agents in clinically established modalities were developed in the previous decade. CRITICAL ISSUES An ideal imaging technique should determine ROS changes with high spatio-temporal resolution, detect physiologically relevant variations in ROS concentration, and provide specificity toward different redox couples. Furthermore, for in vivo applications, bioavailability of sensors, tissue penetration, and a high signal-to-noise ratio are additional requirements to be satisfied. FUTURE DIRECTIONS None of the presented techniques fulfill all requirements for clinical translation. The obvious way forward is to incorporate anatomical and functional imaging into a common hybrid-imaging platform. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 24, 939-958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Maulucci
- 1 Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Roma, Italy
| | - Goran Bačić
- 2 Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade , Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lori Bridal
- 3 Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Sorbonne Universités and UPMC Univ Paris 06 and CNRS and INSERM , Paris, France
| | - Harald Hhw Schmidt
- 4 Department of Pharmacology and Personalised Medicine, CARIM, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Science, Maastricht University , Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bertrand Tavitian
- 5 Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , Service de Radiologie, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Viel
- 5 Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou , Service de Radiologie, Paris, France
| | - Hideo Utsumi
- 6 Innovation Center for Medical Redox Navigation, Kyushu University , Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Süha Yalçın
- 7 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Marmara University , İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Marco De Spirito
- 1 Institute of Physics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Roma, Italy
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37
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Fetoni AR, Paciello F, Rolesi R, Eramo SLM, Mancuso C, Troiani D, Paludetti G. Rosmarinic acid up-regulates the noise-activated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and protects against noise-induced injury in rat cochlea. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 85:269-81. [PMID: 25936352 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Noise-induced hearing loss depends on progressive increase of reactive oxygen species and lipoperoxidative damage in conjunction with the imbalance of antioxidant defenses. The redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role in the regulation of cellular defenses against oxidative stress, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) activation. In this work we describe a link between cochlear oxidative stress damage, induced by noise exposure, and the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. In our model, noise induces superoxide production and overexpression of the lipid peroxidation marker 4-hydroxy-nonenals (4-HNE). To face the oxidative stress, the endogenous defense system is activated as well, as shown by the slight activation of superoxide dismutases (SODs). In addition, we observed the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway after noise exposure. Nrf2 appears to promote the maintenance of cellular homeostasis under stress conditions. However, in this model the endogenous antioxidant system fails to counteract noise-induced cell damage and its activation is not effective enough in preventing cochlear damage. The herb-derived phenol rosmarinic acid (RA) attenuates noise-induced hearing loss, reducing threshold shift, and promotes hair cell survival. In fact, RA enhances the endogenous antioxidant defenses, as shown by decreased superoxide production, reduced expression of 4-HNE, and up-regulation of SODs. Interestingly, RA potentiates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, as shown by immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. Thus, protective effects of RA are associated with the induction/activation of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in addition to RA direct scavenging capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Fetoni
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Università Cattolica, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - F Paciello
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Università Cattolica, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - R Rolesi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Università Cattolica, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - S L M Eramo
- Institute of Human Physiology, Medical School, Università Cattolica, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - C Mancuso
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical School, Università Cattolica, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - D Troiani
- Institute of Human Physiology, Medical School, Università Cattolica, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - G Paludetti
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Università Cattolica, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Palmieri V, Lucchetti D, Maiorana A, Papi M, Maulucci G, Calapà F, Ciasca G, Giordano R, Sgambato A, De Spirito M. Mechanical and structural comparison between primary tumor and lymph node metastasis cells in colorectal cancer. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:5719-5726. [PMID: 26083581 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01089f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
SW480 and SW620 colon carcinoma cell lines derive from primary tumour and lymph-node metastasis of the same patient, respectively. For this reason, these cells represent an ideal system to analyse phenotypic variations associated with the metastatic process. In this study we analysed SW480 and SW620 cytoskeleton remodelling by measuring the cells' mechanics and morphological properties using different microscopic techniques. We observed that different specialized functions of cells, i.e. the capacity to metastasize of elongated cells inside the primary tumour and the ability to intravasate and resist shear forces of the stream of cells derived from lymph node metastasis, are reflected in their mechanical properties. We demonstrated that, together with stiffness and adhesion between the AFM tip and the cell surface, cell shape, actin organization and surface roughness are strictly related and are finely modulated by colorectal cancer cells to better accomplish their specific tasks in cancer growth and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Palmieri
- Institute of Physics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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Wong ACY, Ryan AF. Mechanisms of sensorineural cell damage, death and survival in the cochlea. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:58. [PMID: 25954196 PMCID: PMC4404918 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of acquired hearing loss, including presbycusis, is caused by irreversible damage to the sensorineural tissues of the cochlea. This article reviews the intracellular mechanisms that contribute to sensorineural damage in the cochlea, as well as the survival signaling pathways that can provide endogenous protection and tissue rescue. These data have primarily been generated in hearing loss not directly related to age. However, there is evidence that similar mechanisms operate in presbycusis. Moreover, accumulation of damage from other causes can contribute to age-related hearing loss (ARHL). Potential therapeutic interventions to balance opposing but interconnected cell damage and survival pathways, such as antioxidants, anti-apoptotics, and pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibitors, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann C Y Wong
- Department of Surgery/Division of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine La Jolla, CA, USA ; Department of Physiology and Translational Neuroscience Facility, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Allen F Ryan
- Department of Surgery/Division of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine La Jolla, CA, USA ; Veterans Administration Medical Center La Jolla, CA, USA ; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine La Jolla, CA, USA
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40
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Fetoni AR, Troiani D, Petrosini L, Paludetti G. Cochlear injury and adaptive plasticity of the auditory cortex. Front Aging Neurosci 2015; 7:8. [PMID: 25698966 PMCID: PMC4318425 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that cochlear stressors as noise exposure and aging can induce homeostatic/maladaptive changes in the central auditory system from the brainstem to the cortex. Studies centered on such changes have revealed several mechanisms that operate in the context of sensory disruption after insult (noise trauma, drug-, or age-related injury). The oxidative stress is central to current theories of induced sensory-neural hearing loss and aging, and interventions to attenuate the hearing loss are based on antioxidant agent. The present review addresses the recent literature on the alterations in hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons due to noise-induced oxidative stress in the cochlea, as well on the impact of cochlear damage on the auditory cortex neurons. The emerging image emphasizes that noise-induced deafferentation and upward spread of cochlear damage is associated with the altered dendritic architecture of auditory pyramidal neurons. The cortical modifications may be reversed by treatment with antioxidants counteracting the cochlear redox imbalance. These findings open new therapeutic approaches to treat the functional consequences of the cortical reorganization following cochlear damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Fetoni
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Troiani
- Institute of Human Physiology, Medical School, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Petrosini
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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41
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Fetoni AR, Lattanzi W, Eramo SLM, Barba M, Paciello F, Moriconi C, Rolesi R, Michetti F, Troiani D, Paludetti G. Grafting and early expression of growth factors from adipose-derived stem cells transplanted into the cochlea, in a Guinea pig model of acoustic trauma. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:334. [PMID: 25368551 PMCID: PMC4202717 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Noise exposure causes damage of multiple cochlear cell types producing permanent hearing loss with important social consequences. In mammals, no regeneration of either damaged hair cells or auditory neurons has been observed and no successful treatment is available to achieve a functional recovery. Loads of evidence indicate adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) as promising tools in diversified regenerative medicine applications, due to the high degree of plasticity and trophic features. This study was aimed at identifying the path of in vivo cell migration and expression of trophic growth factors, upon ASCs transplantation into the cochlea, following noise-induced injury. ASCs were isolated in primary culture from the adipose tissue of a guinea pig, transduced using a viral vector to express the green fluorescent protein, and implanted into the scala tympani of deafened animals. Auditory function was assessed 3 and 7 days after surgery. The expression of trophic growth factors was comparatively analyzed using real-time PCR in control and noise-injured cochlear tissues. Immunofluorescence was used to assess the in vivo localization and expression of trophic growth factors in ASCs and cochleae, 3 and 7 days following homologous implantation. ASC implantation did not modify auditory function. ASCs migrated from the perilymphatic to the endolymphatic compartment, during the analyzed time course. Upon noise exposure, the expression of chemokine ligands and receptors related to the PDGF, VEGF, and TGFbeta pathways, increased in the cochlear tissues, possibly guiding in vivo cell migration. Immunofluorescence confirmed the increased expression, which appeared to be further strengthened by ASCs’ implantation. These results indicated that ASCs are able to migrate at the site of tissue damage and express trophic factors, upon intracochlear implantation, providing an original proof of principle, which could pave the way for further developments of ASC-based treatments of deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Fetoni
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy ; Latium Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank , Rome , Italy
| | | | - Marta Barba
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Fabiola Paciello
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Chiara Moriconi
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Rolando Rolesi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Michetti
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy ; Latium Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank , Rome , Italy
| | - Diana Troiani
- Institute of Physiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Gaetano Paludetti
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
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