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Baratzhanova G, Fournier A, Delannoy M, Baubekova A, Altynova N, Djansugurova L, Cakir-Kiefer C. The mode of action of different organochlorine pesticides families in mammalians. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 110:104514. [PMID: 39033792 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) show differences in their chemical structure, mechanism of toxicity, and target organisms. However, OCPs also have some common characteristics such as high persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation, and toxicity which lead to health issues. Nowadays, the toxicity of OCPs is well known, but we still do not know all the specific molecular mechanisms leading to their toxicity in mammalians. Therefore, this review aims to collect data about the mode of action of various classes of OCPs, highlighting their differences and common behavioural reactions in the human and animal body. To discuss the OCPs molecular pathways and fate in different systems of the body, three organochlorine insecticides were selected (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, Hexachlorocyclohexane and Chlordecone), regarding to their widespread use, with consequent effects on the ecosystem and human health. Their common biological responses at the molecular scale and their different interactions in human and animal bodies were highlighted and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulminyam Baratzhanova
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, L2A, Nancy F-54000, France; Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan.
| | - Agnès Fournier
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, L2A, Nancy F-54000, France
| | | | - Almagul Baubekova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Nazym Altynova
- Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan
| | - Leyla Djansugurova
- Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Al-Farabi Avenue 93, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan; Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
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Zhu Y, Jia Y, Wang X, Yi S, Li Y, Zhong W, Zhu L. Mechanisms Underlying the Impacts of Lipids on the Diverse Bioavailability of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Foods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:3613-3622. [PMID: 35195405 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Food is a major source of human exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), yet little is known about their bioavailability in food matrices. Here, the relative bioavailability (RBA) of PFASs in foods was determined using an in vivo mouse model. Pork, which had the highest lipid content, exhibited the greatest effect on bioavailability by increasing the RBAs of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) while reducing those of fluorotelomer phosphate diesters (diPAPs). During intestinal digestion of lipids, the bioaccessibility of PFAAs increased due to their greater partition into the stable mixed micelles. However, diPAPs were more likely to partition into the undigested oil phase due to their strong hydrophobicity. Both in vitro incubation and molecular docking results indicated that the PFAAs exhibited stronger binding affinities with mouse blood chylomicrons (CMs) than with diPAPs. Collectively, both lipid digestion in the intestine and the carrier effect of CMs played important roles in modulating the bioavailability of PFASs in food. More attention should be given to further evaluating the health risks of PFASs associated with the intake of high-lipid foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Jia
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Shujun Yi
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Wenjue Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
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Tawar N, Banerjee BD, Mishra BK, Sharma T, Tyagi S, Madhu SV, Agarwal V, Gupta S. Adipose Tissue Levels of DDT as Risk Factor for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2021; 25:160-165. [PMID: 34660245 PMCID: PMC8477732 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_198_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a potent lipophilic organochlorine pesticide, has long been linked as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its presence in the adipose tissues of the T2DM subjects has not been explored in the Indian population, where this long-banned pesticide is still in use. The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible association of DDT and its metabolites in obese and non-obese T2DM subjects. METHODS Subjects with normal glucose tolerance (n = 50) and T2DM (n = 50) were divided into equal numbers in obese and non-obese groups. Their plasma glucose levels, HbA1c, and lipid profile were measured. The adipose tissues were collected intraoperatively, and DDT and its metabolites were measured using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. RESULTS Obese subjects, irrespective of their glycemic status, and T2DM subjects had higher concentrations of DDT. p, p' DDT was found to increase the odds for diabetes, and o, p' DDT for central obesity. p, p' DDD was also strongly correlated with central obesity, glycemic parameters, and triglycerides. CONCLUSION The excess deposition of p, p' DDD, o, p' DDT, and p, p' DDT in obese subjects may proceed to T2DM by disrupting triglycerides and glycemic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Tawar
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Shipra Tyagi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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Gupta S, Mishra BK, Banerjee BD, Jhamb R, Aslam M, Madhu SV. Effect of postprandial triglycerides on DDT/ppDDE levels in subjects with varying degree of glucose intolerance. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 157:105635. [PMID: 33160045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organochlorine pesticides such as DDT as well as postprandial hypertriglyceridemia have been linked with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. The cardiometabolic risk of PPhTg could also be due to its potential to increase the serum levels of this highly lipophilic pesticide. We studied the effect of postprandial triglyceride responses to a standard oral fat challenge on the levels of DDT and its metabolites in subjects with varying degree of glucose intolerance METHODS: A standard fat challenge was performed in 60 subjects who were categorized as NGT, prediabetes, and NDDM based on an earlier OGTT. Fasting and postprandial levels of serum triglycerides, plasma DDT and its metabolites were estimated and compared in the 3 groups and their association with each other, and measures of glycemia and insulin resistance were also determined. RESULTS Peak Tg and TgAUC levels were significantly higher in NDDM group as compared to NGT and PD groups. TgAUC showed positive correlation with fasting plasma glucose (r=0.33, p=0.01), postprandial plasma glucose (r=0.39, p=0.002) and HOMA IR(r=0.63, p=0.001). ppDDE levels were found to be significantly higher in NDDM subjects compared with NGT group. ppDDE-AUC was significantly higher in the NDDM group compared with the other two study groups. Mean ppDDE levels also showed strong positive correlation with peak Tg (r=0.295 p=0.022), TgAUC (r=0.303 p=0.018), iPPTgAUC(r=0.57 p≤0.001) and iPPpeakTg(r=0.51 p≤0.001) as well as with FPG (r=0.269 p=0.038) PPPG (r=0.424 p=0.001) and HbA1c (r=0.321 p=0.012). CONCLUSION The findings of this study support the concept that the cardiometabolic risk associated with PPhTg may at least in part be related to the associated increase in serum levels of lipophilic OCPs like DDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
| | - B D Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi..
| | - R Jhamb
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi
| | - M Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
| | - S V Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
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Chen Y, Juhasz A, Li H, Li C, Ma LQ, Cui X. The Influence of Food on the In Vivo Bioavailability of DDT and Its Metabolites in Soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:5003-5010. [PMID: 32200627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Incidental soil ingestion is considered to be an important route of exposure to hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs), such as dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT). Contaminant ingestion often occurs during food consumption; however, knowledge on the influence of food on DDT bioavailability remains limited. In this study, the relative bioavailability (RBA) of soil DDTr (i.e., DDT and metabolites) was determined using an in vivo mouse model in the presence of eight kinds of food including rice, egg, pork, pear, soybean, bread, spinach, and milk powder. The values of DDTr-RBA ranged from 19.8 ± 10.9 to 114 ± 25.1%. DDTr-RBA was positively correlated with fat (r = 0.71) and negatively correlated with fiber (r = 0.63) content in food. A mechanistic study showed that fat enhanced micellarization and promoted the formation of chylomicron, which facilitated the dissolution and transport of DDTr in the intestinal tract. Bioaccessibility of DDTr was determined using a physiologically based in vitro method. The addition of lipase significantly improved the ability of the method to predict DDTr-RBA, indicating that the "fasted state" in vitro method required optimization for food scenarios. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the mechanistic influence of food on DDTr-RBA and provide important knowledge on dietary approaches for reducing exposure to HOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Albert Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinyi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Cano-Sancho G, Marchand P, Le Bizec B, Antignac JP. The challenging use and interpretation of blood biomarkers of exposure related to lipophilic endocrine disrupting chemicals in environmental health studies. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 499:110606. [PMID: 31585155 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of exposure biomarkers has been growing during the last decades, being considered the 'gold-standard' approach for individual exposure assessment to environmental chemicals. However, lipophilic endocrine disrupting chemicals (LEDC) have specific physicochemical and biological properties implying particular analytical challenges and interpretative caveats. The epidemiological literature is therefore afflicted by methodological inconsistencies and results divergences, in part due to recognised sources of exposure measurement error and misinterpretation of results. The aim of the present review is to identify external and endogenous sources of variability and uncertainty associated with the LEDC blood biomarkers in epidemiological studies. The dynamic nature of blood and an overview of the known mechanisms of transport, storage and partition of LEDCs in the organism are first described. The external sources of variability and uncertainty introduced at pre-analytical and analytical level are subsequently presented. Subsequently, we present some specific cases where the dynamics of lipids and LEDCs may be substantially modified and thus, the interpretation of biomarkers can be particularly challenging. The environmental obesogens as source of biomarkers variability is also discussed in the light of the most recent findings. Finally, different modelling approaches (statistical and pharmacokinetic models) proposed to improve the use and interpretation of biomarkers are appraised.
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Jackson E, Shoemaker R, Larian N, Cassis L. Adipose Tissue as a Site of Toxin Accumulation. Compr Physiol 2017; 7:1085-1135. [PMID: 28915320 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We examine the role of adipose tissue, typically considered an energy storage site, as a potential site of toxicant accumulation. Although the production of most persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was banned years ago, these toxicants persist in the environment due to their resistance to biodegradation and widespread distribution in various environmental forms (e.g., vapor, sediment, and water). As a result, human exposure to these toxicants is inevitable. Largely due to their lipophilicity, POPs bioaccumulate in adipose tissue, resulting in greater body burdens of these environmental toxicants with obesity. POPs of major concern include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), and polybrominated biphenyls and diphenyl ethers (PBBs/PBDEs), among other organic compounds. In this review, we (i) highlight the physical characteristics of toxicants that enable them to partition into and remain stored in adipose tissue, (ii) discuss the specific mechanisms of action by which these toxicants act to influence adipocyte function, and (iii) review associations between POP exposures and the development of obesity and diabetes. An area of controversy relates to the relative potential beneficial versus hazardous health effects of toxicant sequestration in adipose tissue. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1085-1135, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Jackson
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Robin Shoemaker
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Nika Larian
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lisa Cassis
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Lerch S, Guidou C, Thomé JP, Jurjanz S. Non-dioxin-like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Chlordecone Release from Adipose Tissue to Blood in Response to Body Fat Mobilization in Ewe (Ovis aries). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1212-1220. [PMID: 26761077 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are released from adipose tissue (AT) to blood is a critical step in proposing rearing strategies hastening the removal of POPs from contaminated livestock. The current study aimed to determine in nonlactating ewes whether polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlordecone are released from AT to blood along with lipids during body fat mobilization achieved through β-agonist challenges or undernutrition. β-Agonist challenges did not affect serum POP concentrations, whereas serum PCBs 138, 153, and 180 were readily increased in response to undernutrition. After 21 days of depuration in undernutrition, AT PCB 153 and 180 concentrations were increased concomitantly with a decrease in adipocyte volume, whereas AT chlordecone concentration was not different from that observed at the end of the well-fed contamination period. Thus, undernutrition may be of practical relevance for accelerating POP depuration unless it is combined with a strategy increasing their excretion pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Lerch
- Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, INRA, USC 340, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, TSA 40602 , F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Côme Guidou
- Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, INRA, USC 340, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, TSA 40602 , F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Thomé
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Animale et d'Ecotoxicologie, Center for Analytical and Research Technology, Université de Liège , B-4000 Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Stefan Jurjanz
- Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, INRA, USC 340, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, TSA 40602 , F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Rodríguez-Alcalá LM, Sá C, Pimentel LL, Pestana D, Teixeira D, Faria A, Calhau C, Gomes A. Endocrine Disruptor DDE Associated with a High-Fat Diet Enhances the Impairment of Liver Fatty Acid Composition in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9341-8. [PMID: 26449595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The banned pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its main metabolite, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), are commonly found in the food chain and in all tissues of living organisms. DDE is associated with metabolic diseases acting as an endocrine disruptor and more recently with the obesity pandemic. This study focuses on using fatty acid analysis to relate DDE exposure and metabolic dysfunction: liver and adipose tissue (visceral and subcutaneous) composition from male Wistar rats fed a standard (STD) or high-fat (HF) diet versus the addition of DDE in water. DDE exposure increased liver levels of palmitic, stearic, oleic, trans fatty, and linoleic acids having altered the n6 and n3 pathways leading to high concentrations of arachidonic acid and DHA (C22:6 n3). The results of this study confirm the close relationship between this pesticide metabolite and hepatic lipid dysfunction, underscoring its role as an emerging target for the prevention and therapy of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Rodríguez-Alcalá
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Quı́mica Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto , Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Sá
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Centro de Investigação Médica, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lígia L Pimentel
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Quı́mica Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto , Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Pestana
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Centro de Investigação Médica, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS-Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems , 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Centro de Investigação Médica, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Faria
- Chemistry Investigation Centre (CIQ), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto , Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Centro de Investigação Médica, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS-Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems , 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Gomes
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Quı́mica Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Porto , Rua Arquiteto Lobão Vital, Apartado 2511, 4202-401 Porto, Portugal
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Randolph GJ, Miller NE. Lymphatic transport of high-density lipoproteins and chylomicrons. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:929-35. [PMID: 24590278 DOI: 10.1172/jci71610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The life cycles of VLDLs and most LDLs occur within plasma. By contrast, the role of HDLs in cholesterol transport from cells requires that they readily gain access to and function within interstitial fluid. Studies of lymph derived from skin, connective tissue, and adipose tissue have demonstrated that particles as large as HDLs require transport through lymphatics to return to the bloodstream during reverse cholesterol transport. Targeting HDL for therapeutic purposes will require understanding its biology in the extravascular compartment, within the interstitium and lymph, in health and disease, and we herein review the processes that mediate the transport of HDLs and chylomicrons through the lymphatic vasculature.
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Buttet M, Traynard V, Tran TTT, Besnard P, Poirier H, Niot I. From fatty-acid sensing to chylomicron synthesis: role of intestinal lipid-binding proteins. Biochimie 2013; 96:37-47. [PMID: 23958439 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Today, it is well established that the development of obesity and associated diseases results, in part, from excessive lipid intake associated with a qualitative imbalance. Among the organs involved in lipid homeostasis, the small intestine is the least studied even though it determines lipid bioavailability and largely contributes to the regulation of postprandial hyperlipemia (triacylglycerols (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA)). Several Lipid-Binding Proteins (LBP) are expressed in the small intestine. Their supposed intestinal functions were initially based on what was reported in other tissues, and took no account of the physiological specificity of the small intestine. Progressively, the identification of regulating factors of intestinal LBP and the description of the phenotype of their deletion have provided new insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in fat absorption. This review will discuss the physiological contribution of each LBP in the main steps of intestinal absorption of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA): uptake, trafficking and reassembly into chylomicrons (CM). Moreover, current data indicate that the small intestine is able to adapt its lipid absorption capacity to the fat content of the diet, especially through the coordinated induction of LBP. This adaptation requires the existence of a mechanism of intestinal lipid sensing. Emerging data suggest that the membrane LBP CD36 may operate as a lipid receptor that triggers an intracellular signal leading to the modulation of the expression of LBP involved in CM formation. This event could be the starting point for the optimized synthesis of large CM, which are efficiently degraded in blood. Better understanding of this intestinal lipid sensing might provide new approaches to decrease the prevalence of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, which is associated with cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Buttet
- Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie Team (NUTox), UMR U866 INSERM, Université de Bourgogne, AgroSup Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
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12
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Caliph SM, Cao E, Bulitta JB, Hu L, Han S, Porter CJ, Trevaskis NL. The Impact of Lymphatic Transport on the Systemic Disposition of Lipophilic Drugs. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:2395-408. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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