1
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Lu X, Zhang D. Expression of lncRNAs in glioma: A lighthouse for patients with glioma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24799. [PMID: 38322836 PMCID: PMC10844031 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant tumour in the central nervous system, accounting for approximately 30 % of the primary tumours of this system. The World Health Organization grades for glioma include: Grade I (pilocytic astrocytoma), Grade II (astrocytoma, oligodastoma, etc.), Grade III (anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic oligodastoma, etc.) and Grade IV (glioblastoma). With grade increases, the proliferation, invasion and other malignant biological properties of the glioma are enhanced, and the treatment results are less satisfactory. The overall survival of patients with glioblastoma is less than 15 months. Recent research has focused on the roles of long non-coding RNAs, previously regarded as "transcriptional noise", in diseases, leading to a new understanding of these roles. Therefore, we conducted this review to explore the progress of research regarding the expression and mechanism of long non-coding RNAs in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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2
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Du YX, Yang J, Yan H, Liu YL, Chen XP. GAS5 promotes cytarabine induced myelosuppression via inhibition of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116841. [PMID: 38290668 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Cytarabine (Ara-C) is widely used in the induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Association between LncRNA GAS5 genetic polymorphism and the recovery of hematopoietic function after Ara-C-based chemotherapy is observed. This study aimed to identify whether intervention of GAS5 expression and GAS5 genotype affect Ara-C-induced inhibition of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiation. In this study, cord blood-derived CD34+ cells were cultured in vitro, and a cell model of myelosuppression was established by treatment of CD34+ cells with Ara-C. The effect of GAS5 overexpression, Ara-C treatment, and GAS5 rs55829688 genotype on the hematopoietic colony-forming ability of CD34+ cells was assessed using methylcellulose-based colony forming unit assay. GAS5 overexpression slowed down the proliferation of cord blood-derived CD34+ cells significantly (p < 0.05) and decreased their ability to form hematopoietic colonies in vitro. Ara-C significantly reduced the hematopoietic colony-forming ability of CD34+ cells in vitro (p < 0.0001), and overexpressing GAS5 further decreased the number of hematopoietic colonies. GAS5 expression was higher in CD34+ cells than in CD34- cells, and positively correlated with GATA1 mRNA expression in CD34+ cells in vitro culture. However, GAS5 genotype had no effect on the total number of hematopoietic colonies formed from cord blood-derived CD34+ cells. In conclusion, our study highlights that GAS5 inhibited the in vitro proliferation and reduced the hematopoietic colony-forming ability of cord blood-derived CD34+ cells, with the most pronounced effect observed on CFU-GEMM formation. GAS5 also enhanced the inhibitory effect of Ara-C on the in vitro hematopoietic ability of CD34+ HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Xiao Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Han Yan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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3
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Alharbi KS. GAS5: A pivotal lncRNA in diabetes mellitus pathogenesis and management. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154955. [PMID: 38016351 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), GAS5, has garnered significant attention recently for its multifaceted involvement in cellular processes, particularly within the context of diabetes. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate molecular interactions associated with GAS5 and their profound implications for understanding, diagnosing, and effectively managing diabetes mellitus. The article begins by highlighting the global prevalence of diabetes and the urgent need for innovative insights into its underlying mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. It introduces GAS5 as a crucial regulator of gene expression, with emerging significance in the context of diabetes-related processes. The core of this review unravels the regulatory network of GAS5 in diabetes, elucidating its impact on various aspects of the disease. It explores how GAS5 influences insulin signaling pathways, glucose metabolism, and the function of β-cells, shedding light on its role in hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Moreover, the article underscores the clinical relevance of GAS5's interactions by discussing their associations with different diabetes subtypes, predictive value, and potential applications as both diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets. It provides insights into ongoing research endeavours aimed at harnessing the potential of GAS5 for innovative disease management strategies, including the development of RNA-based therapeutics. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, the abstract highlights the broader implications of GAS5 in the field of diabetes, such as its connection to diabetic complications and its potential for personalized approaches in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia.
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4
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Lu X, Zhang D. RPL34-Divergent Transcript, a Novel Long NonCoding Ribonucleic Acid, Promotes Migration by Activating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Glioma. World Neurosurg 2023; 179:e582-e592. [PMID: 37689361 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioma is one of the leading causes of death in patients with intracranial tumours. RPL34 divergent transcript (RPL34-DT) is a long non-coding ribonucleic acid that is significantly upregulated in glioma tissues. However, the role of RPL34-DT in glioma behavior remains to be elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the effect of RPL34-DT on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gliomas. METHODS Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the levels of RPL34-DT in glioma tissue and cell lines. We further used the LN229 and U251 glioma cell lines to assess the role of RPL34-DT. Wound healing and invasion assays were performed to determine the role of RPL34-DT in migration. Changes in protein levels were assessed by western blotting. RESULTS We found that RPL34-DT was upregulated in glioma tissues and glioma cell lines. Knockdown of RPL34-AS1 blocked migration of glioma cell. This effect occurred through a decrease of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and β-catenin. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that RPL34-DT affects cell migration in glioma and therefore may serve as a valuable therapeutic target in patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Dongzhi Zhang
- Department of neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.
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5
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Tabnak P, Hasanzade Bashkandi A, Ebrahimnezhad M, Soleimani M. Forkhead box transcription factors (FOXOs and FOXM1) in glioma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutics. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:238. [PMID: 37821870 PMCID: PMC10568859 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most aggressive and malignant type of primary brain tumor, comprises the majority of central nervous system deaths, and is categorized into different subgroups according to its histological characteristics, including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and mixed tumors. The forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors comprise a collection of proteins that play various roles in numerous complex molecular cascades and have been discovered to be differentially expressed in distinct glioma subtypes. FOXM1 and FOXOs have been recognized as crucial transcription factors in tumor cells, including glioma cells. Accumulating data indicates that FOXM1 acts as an oncogene in various types of cancers, and a significant part of studies has investigated its function in glioma. Although recent studies considered FOXO subgroups as tumor suppressors, there are pieces of evidence that they may have an oncogenic role. This review will discuss the subtle functions of FOXOs and FOXM1 in gliomas, dissecting their regulatory network with other proteins, microRNAs and their role in glioma progression, including stem cell differentiation and therapy resistance/sensitivity, alongside highlighting recent pharmacological progress for modulating their expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Soleimani
- Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Nasrolahi A, Azizidoost S, Radoszkiewicz K, Najafi S, Ghaedrahmati F, Anbiyaee O, Khoshnam SE, Farzaneh M, Uddin S. Signaling pathways governing glioma cancer stem cells behavior. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110493. [PMID: 36228964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor that develops in the glial tissue. Several studies have identified that glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play important roles in tumor-initiating features in malignant gliomas. GCSCs are a small population in the brain that presents an essential role in the metastasis of glioma cells to other organs. These cells can self-renew and differentiate, which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of glioma. Therefore, targeting GCSCs might be a novel strategy for the treatment of glioma. Accumulating evidence revealed that several signaling pathways, including Notch, TGF-β, Wnt, STAT3, AKT, and EGFR mediated GCSC growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Besides, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, circular RNAs, and long ncRNAs have been found to play pivotal roles in the regulation of GCSC pathogenesis and drug resistance. Therefore, targeting these pathways could open a new avenue for glioma management. In this review, we summarized critical signaling pathways involved in the stimulation or prevention of GCSCs tumorigenesis and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Klaudia Radoszkiewicz
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Anbiyaee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Nemazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Rajabi A, Kayedi M, Rahimi S, Dashti F, Mirazimi SMA, Homayoonfal M, Mahdian SMA, Hamblin MR, Tamtaji OR, Afrasiabi A, Jafari A, Mirzaei H. Non-coding RNAs and glioma: Focus on cancer stem cells. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 27:100-123. [PMID: 36321132 PMCID: PMC9593299 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma and gliomas can have a wide range of histopathologic subtypes. These heterogeneous histologic phenotypes originate from tumor cells with the distinct functions of tumorigenesis and self-renewal, called glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs are characterized based on multi-layered epigenetic mechanisms, which control the expression of many genes. This epigenetic regulatory mechanism is often based on functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs have become increasingly important in the pathogenesis of human cancer and work as oncogenes or tumor suppressors to regulate carcinogenesis and progression. These RNAs by being involved in chromatin remodeling and modification, transcriptional regulation, and alternative splicing of pre-mRNA, as well as mRNA stability and protein translation, play a key role in tumor development and progression. Numerous studies have been performed to try to understand the dysregulation pattern of these ncRNAs in tumors and cancer stem cells (CSCs), which show robust differentiation and self-regeneration capacity. This review provides recent findings on the role of ncRNAs in glioma development and progression, particularly their effects on CSCs, thus accelerating the clinical implementation of ncRNAs as promising tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rajabi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Kayedi
- Department of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shiva Rahimi
- School of Medicine,Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Ali Mirazimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amin Mahdian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Afrasiabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Javanmard AR, Jahanbakhshi A, Nemati H, Mowla SJ, Soltani BM. ADAMTS9-AS1 Long Non‑coding RNA Sponges miR‑128 and miR-150 to Regulate Ras/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Glioma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01311-7. [PMID: 36449154 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01311-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a malignancy of the central nervous system with a poor prognosis. Therefore, the elaboration of its molecular features creates therapeutic opportunities. Looking for the regulatory non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs and miRNAs) that are involved in glioma incidence/progression, RNA-seq analysis introduced upregulated ADAMTS9-AS1 as a bona fide candidate that sponges miR-128 and miR-150 and shows the negative correlation of expression with them. Then, RT-qPCR verified the upregulation of ADAMTS9-AS1 in glioma tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, dual-luciferase assay supported that cytoplasmic ADAMTS9-AS1 is capable of sponging miR-128 and miR-150, which are known as regulators of Ras/MAPK, PI3K, and Wnt pathways. Following the overexpression of ADAMTS9-AS1 in 1321N1 and U87 glioma cells, tyrosine kinase receptors (IGF1R and TrkC), as well as Wnt receptors (Lrp6 and Fzd) were upregulated, detected by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, downstream genes of both Ras/MAPK and Wnt pathways were upregulated. Finally following the ADAMTS9-AS1 overexpression, upregulation of Ras/MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways was verified through western blotting and Top/Fop flash assay, respectively. At the cellular level, ADAMTS9-AS1 overexpression brought about reduced sub-G1 cell population, increased proliferation rate, reduced apoptosis level, increased migration rate, shortened Bax/Bcl2 ratio, induced EMT, and stemness characteristics of transfected cells, detected by flow cytometry, MTT assay, scratch test, and RT-qPCR. Overall, these results introduced ADAMTS9-AS1 as an oncogene that upregulates Ras/MAPK and Wnt pathways through sponging of the miR-128 and miR-150 in glioma cells. The outcome of ADAMTS9-AS1 expression is more aggression of the glioma cells through increased EMT and stemness characteristics. These features candidate ADAMTS9-AS1 locus for glioma therapy. As a result, we discovered the oncogenic properties of ADAMTS9-AS1 in glioma cancer. It sponges miR-128 and miR-150 and subsequently overstimulates RAS/MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways, particularly at the receptors level. Thus, ADAMTS9-AS1 increases proliferation, migration, and stemness in glioma cell lines. A schematic representation showing the functional effect of ADAMTS9-AS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir-Reza Javanmard
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Jahanbakhshi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Nemati
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Mowla
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram M Soltani
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Li S, Xie X, Peng F, Du J, Peng C. Regulation of temozolomide resistance via lncRNAs: Clinical and biological properties of lncRNAs in gliomas (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 61:101. [PMID: 35796022 PMCID: PMC9291250 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a primary types of intracranial malignancies and are characterized by a poor prognosis due to aggressive recurrence profiles. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an auxiliary alkylating agent that is extensively used in conjunction with surgical resection and forms the mainstay of clinical treatment strategies for gliomas. However, the frequent occurrence of TMZ resistance in clinical practice limits its therapeutic efficacy. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play key and varied roles in glioma progression. lncRNAs have been reported to inhibit glioma progression by targeting various signaling pathways. In addition, the differential expression of lncRNAs has also been found to mediate the resistance of glioma to several chemotherapeutic agents, particularly to TMZ. The present review article therefore summarizes the findings of previous studies in an aim to report the significance and function of lncRNAs in regulating the chemoresistance of gliomas. The present review may provide further insight into the clinical treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Fu Peng or Professor Junrong Du, Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 17 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Junrong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Fu Peng or Professor Junrong Du, Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of The Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 17 Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
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Wu S, Ren K, Zhao J, Li J, Jia B, Wu X, Dou Y, Fei X, Huan Y, He X, Wang T, Lv W, Wang L, Wang Y, Zhao J, Fei Z, Li S. LncRNA GAS5 represses stemness and malignancy of gliomas via elevating the SPACA6-miR-125a/let-7e Axis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:803652. [PMID: 36106122 PMCID: PMC9465381 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.803652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive neurological malignancy with poor prognosis. LncRNA-GAS5 (growth arrest-specific transcript 5) is a tumor suppressor involved in multiple cancers. In this study, we explored the clinical significance, biological function, and underlying mechanisms of GAS5 in GBM. We showed that lncRNA-GAS5 expression decreased in high-grade glioma tissues and cells, which might be associated with poor prognosis. GAS5 overexpression lowered cell viability, suppressed GBM cell migration and invasion, and impaired the stemness and proliferation of glioma stem cells (GSCs). We further discovered that GAS5 inhibited the viability of glioma cells through miR-let-7e and miR-125a by protecting SPACA6 from degradation. Moreover, GAS5 played an anti-oncogenic role in GBM through the combined involvement of let-7e and miR-125a in vivo and in vitro. Notably, these two miRNAs block the IL-6/STAT3 pathway in tumor tissues extracted from a xenograft model. Taken together, our study provides evidence for an important role of GAS5 in GBM by affecting the proliferation and migration of GSCs, thus providing a new potential prognostic biomarker and treatment strategy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Kaixi Ren
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiuquan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanan Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaowei Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Huan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weihao Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan’gang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Junlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Sanzhong Li, ; Zhou Fei, ; Junlong Zhao,
| | - Zhou Fei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Sanzhong Li, ; Zhou Fei, ; Junlong Zhao,
| | - Sanzhong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Sanzhong Li, ; Zhou Fei, ; Junlong Zhao,
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11
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Tumor Suppressive Effects of GAS5 in Cancer Cells. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8030039. [PMID: 35736636 PMCID: PMC9228804 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important regulatory roles in cellular processes. Growth arrests specific transcript 5 (GAS5) is a lncRNA that is highly expressed during the cell cycle arrest phase but is downregulated in actively growing cells. Growth arrests specific transcript 5 was discovered to be downregulated in several cancers, primarily solid tumors, and it is known as a tumor suppressor gene that regulates cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis via multiple molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, GAS5 polymorphism was found to affect GAS5 expression and functionality in a cell-specific manner. This review article focuses on GAS5’s tumor-suppressive effects in regulating oncogenic signaling pathways, cell cycle, apoptosis, tumor-associated genes, and treatment-resistant cells. We also discussed genetic polymorphisms of GAS5 and their association with cancer susceptibility.
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12
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Liu K, Chen H, Wang Y, Jiang L, Li Y. Evolving Insights Into the Biological Function and Clinical Significance of Long Noncoding RNA in Glioblastoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:846864. [PMID: 35531099 PMCID: PMC9068894 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.846864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most prevalent and aggressive cancers worldwide. The overall survival period of GBM patients is only 15 months even with standard combination therapy. The absence of validated biomarkers for early diagnosis mainly accounts for worse clinical outcomes of GBM patients. Thus, there is an urgent requirement to characterize more biomarkers for the early diagnosis of GBM patients. In addition, the detailed molecular basis during GBM pathogenesis and oncogenesis is not fully understood, highlighting that it is of great significance to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of GBM initiation and development. Recently, accumulated pieces of evidence have revealed the central roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the tumorigenesis and progression of GBM by binding with DNA, RNA, or protein. Targeting those oncogenic lncRNAs in GBM may be promising to develop more effective therapeutics. Furthermore, a better understanding of the biological function and underlying molecular basis of dysregulated lncRNAs in GBM initiation and development will offer new insights into GBM early diagnosis and develop novel treatments for GBM patients. Herein, this review builds on previous studies to summarize the dysregulated lncRNAs in GBM and their unique biological functions during GBM tumorigenesis and progression. In addition, new insights and challenges of lncRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic potentials for GBM patients were also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Yi Li, ; Liping Jiang,
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Teaching Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Li, ; Liping Jiang,
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13
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Han J, Yu X, Wang S, Wang Y, Liu Q, Xu H, Wang X. IGF2BP2 Induces U251 Glioblastoma Cell Chemoresistance by Inhibiting FOXO1-Mediated PID1 Expression Through Stabilizing lncRNA DANCR. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:659228. [PMID: 35141227 PMCID: PMC8819069 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.659228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common type of malignant tumor of the nervous system and is characterized by high mortality and poor outcome. This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) and long noncoding RNA DANCR in etoposide resistance of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Bioinformatics analysis identified the IGF2BP2-related regulators and DANCR target genes, which were subsequently evaluated by RNA pull-down and RIP assays. We exposed GBM cells to etoposide and thus established etoposide-resistant cells. Through functional experiments, we evaluated the interrelationship among IGF2BP2, DANCR, phosphotyrosine interaction domain containing 1 (PID1), and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and further assessed their impact on the sensitivity of GBM cells to etoposide. IGF2BP2 and DANCR were highly expressed in glioma cells and tissues, whereas PID1 and FOXO1 were poorly expressed. Mechanistically, overexpression of IGF2BP2 promoted DANCR stability and reduced DANCR methylation, whereas silencing of IGF2BP2 reduced survival of GBM cells and etoposide-resistant cells. Besides, DANCR interacted with FOXO1 to promote the ubiquitination of FOXO1. FOXO1 promoted the transcriptional expression of PID1, enhancing the chemotherapy sensitivity of GBM cells, but overexpression of PID1 reversed the impact of IGF2BP2. Collectively, IGF2BP2 inhibits PID1 expression through the DANCR/FOXO1 axis, inducing drug resistance in GBM cells, and promoting glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People’s Hospital, Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanxi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qikun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaosong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaosong Wang,
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14
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Homayoonfal M, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Targeting long non coding RNA by natural products: Implications for cancer therapy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-29. [PMID: 34783279 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2001785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In spite of achieving substantial progress in its therapeutic strategies, cancer-associated prevalence and mortality are persistently rising globally. However, most malignant cancers either cannot be adequately diagnosed at the primary phase or resist against multiple treatments such as chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy as well as targeting therapy. In recent decades, overwhelming evidences have provided more convincing words on the undeniable roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in incidence and development of various cancer types. Recently, phytochemical and nutraceutical compounds have received a great deal of attention due to their inhibitory and stimulatory effects on oncogenic and tumor suppressor lncRNAs respectively that finally may lead to attenuate various processes of cancer cells such as growth, proliferation, metastasis and invasion. Therefore, application of phytochemicals with anticancer characteristics can be considered as an innovative approach for treating cancer and increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to standard prevailing therapies. The purpose of this review was to investigate the effect of various phytochemicals on regulation of lncRNAs in different human cancer and evaluate their capabilities for cancer treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Yadav G, Kulshreshtha R. Metastasis associated long noncoding RNAs in glioblastoma: Biomarkers and therapeutic targets. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:401-420. [PMID: 34533835 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive, malignant, and therapeutically challenging Grade IV tumor of the brain. Although the possibility of distant metastasis is extremely rare, GBM is known to cause intracranial metastasis forming aggressive secondary lesions resulting in a dismal prognosis. Metastasis also plays an important role in tumor dissemination and recurrence making GBM largely incurable. Recent studies have indicated the importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in GBM metastasis. lncRNAs are a class of regulatory noncoding RNAs (>200 nt) that interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins to regulate various biological processes. This is the first comprehensive review summarizing the lncRNAs associated with GBM metastasis and the underlying molecular mechanism involved in migration/invasion. We also highlight the complex network of lncRNA/miRNA/protein that collaborate/compete to regulate metastasis-associated genes. Many of these lncRNAs also show attractive potential as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers. Finally, we discuss various therapeutic strategies and potential applications of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Yadav
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
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16
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Momtazmanesh S, Rezaei N. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, and Progression of Glioma: A State-of-the-Art Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712786. [PMID: 34322395 PMCID: PMC8311560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor with significant mortality and morbidity. Despite considerable advances, the exact molecular pathways involved in tumor progression are not fully elucidated, and patients commonly face a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently drawn extra attention for their potential roles in different types of cancer as well as non-malignant diseases. More than 200 lncRNAs have been reported to be associated with glioma. We aimed to assess the roles of the most investigated lncRNAs in different stages of tumor progression and the mediating molecular pathways in addition to their clinical applications. lncRNAs are involved in different stages of tumor formation, invasion, and progression, including regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor stemness, angiogenesis, the integrity of the blood-tumor-brain barrier, tumor metabolism, and immunological responses. The well-known oncogenic lncRNAs, which are upregulated in glioma, are H19, HOTAIR, PVT1, UCA1, XIST, CRNDE, FOXD2-AS1, ANRIL, HOXA11-AS, TP73-AS1, and DANCR. On the other hand, MEG3, GAS5, CCASC2, and TUSC7 are tumor suppressor lncRNAs, which are downregulated. While most studies reported oncogenic effects for MALAT1, TUG1, and NEAT1, there are some controversies regarding these lncRNAs. Expression levels of lncRNAs can be associated with tumor grade, survival, treatment response (chemotherapy drugs or radiotherapy), and overall prognosis. Moreover, circulatory levels of lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, H19, HOTAIR, NEAT1, TUG1, GAS5, LINK-A, and TUSC7, can provide non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools. Modulation of expression of lncRNAs using antisense oligonucleotides can lead to novel therapeutics. Notably, a profound understanding of the underlying molecular pathways involved in the function of lncRNAs is required to develop novel therapeutic targets. More investigations with large sample sizes and increased focus on in-vivo models are required to expand our understanding of the potential roles and application of lncRNAs in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Momtazmanesh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Filippova EA, Fridman MV, Burdennyy AM, Loginov VI, Pronina IV, Lukina SS, Dmitriev AA, Braga EA. Long Noncoding RNA GAS5 in Breast Cancer: Epigenetic Mechanisms and Biological Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136810. [PMID: 34202777 PMCID: PMC8267719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as contributors to the development and progression of cancer through various functions and mechanisms. LncRNA GAS5 is downregulated in multiple cancers and acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. GAS5 interacts with various proteins (e.g., E2F1, EZH2, and YAP), DNA (e.g., the insulin receptor promoter), and various microRNAs (miRNAs). In breast cancer, GAS5 binds with miR-21, miR-222, miR-221-3p, miR-196a-5p, and miR-378a-5p that indicates the presence of several elements for miRNA binding (MREs) in GAS5. Mediated by the listed miRNAs, GAS5 is involved in the upregulation of a number of mRNAs of suppressor proteins such as PTEN, PDCD4, DKK2, FOXO1, and SUFU. Furthermore, the aberrant promoter methylation is involved in the regulation of GAS5 gene expression in triple-negative breast cancer and some other carcinomas. GAS5 can stimulate apoptosis in breast cancer via diverse pathways, including cell death receptors and mitochondrial signaling pathways. GAS5 is also a key player in the regulation of some crucial signal pathways in breast cancer, such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and NF-κB signaling. Through epigenetic and other mechanisms, GAS5 can increase sensitivity to multiple drugs and improve prognosis. GAS5 is thus a promising target in the treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Filippova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (I.V.P.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Marina V. Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey M. Burdennyy
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (I.V.P.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Vitaly I. Loginov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (I.V.P.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Irina V. Pronina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (I.V.P.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Svetlana S. Lukina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (I.V.P.); (S.S.L.)
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Eleonora A. Braga
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.A.F.); (A.M.B.); (V.I.L.); (I.V.P.); (S.S.L.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Prieto-Colomina A, Fernández V, Chinnappa K, Borrell V. MiRNAs in early brain development and pediatric cancer: At the intersection between healthy and diseased embryonic development. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100073. [PMID: 33998002 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The size and organization of the brain are determined by the activity of progenitor cells early in development. Key mechanisms regulating progenitor cell biology involve miRNAs. These small noncoding RNA molecules bind mRNAs with high specificity, controlling their abundance and expression. The role of miRNAs in brain development has been studied extensively, but their involvement at early stages remained unknown until recently. Here, recent findings showing the important role of miRNAs in the earliest phases of brain development are reviewed, and it is discussed how loss of specific miRNAs leads to pathological conditions, particularly adult and pediatric brain tumors. Let-7 miRNA downregulation and the initiation of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), a novel link recently discovered by the laboratory, are focused upon. Finally, it is discussed how miRNAs may be used for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of pediatric brain tumors, with the hope of improving the prognosis of these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Prieto-Colomina
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Virginia Fernández
- Neurobiology of miRNA, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genoa, Italy
| | - Kaviya Chinnappa
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Víctor Borrell
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
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19
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LncRNA NEAT1 promotes malignant phenotypes and TMZ resistance in glioblastoma stem cells by regulating let-7g-5p/MAP3K1 axis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226679. [PMID: 33057597 PMCID: PMC7601351 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most malign brain tumors in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral chemotherapy drug constituting the backbone of chemotherapy regimens utilized as first-line treatment of GBM. However, resistance to TMZ often leads to treatment failure. In the present study, we explored the expression and related mechanisms of nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in glioma stem cells (GSCs). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that NEAT1 was up-regulated in serum samples of GBM patients and GSCs isolated from U87, U251 cell lines. Functional experiments showed that NEAT1 knockdown restrained malignant behaviors of GSC, including proliferation, migration and invasion. Dual-luciferase assays identified let-7g-5p was a downstream target and negatively adjusted by NEAT1. Restoration of let-7g-5p impeded tumor progression by inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 (MAP3K1), as a direct target of let-7g-5p, was positively regulated by NEAT1 and involved to affect the regulation of NEAT1 on GSCs' behaviors. In conclusion, our results suggested that NEAT1 promoted GSCs progression via NEAT1/let-7g-5p/MAP3K1 axis, which provided a depth insight into TMZ resistance mechanism.
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20
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Yadav B, Pal S, Rubstov Y, Goel A, Garg M, Pavlyukov M, Pandey AK. LncRNAs associated with glioblastoma: From transcriptional noise to novel regulators with a promising role in therapeutics. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:728-742. [PMID: 33996255 PMCID: PMC8099481 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most widespread and aggressive subtype of glioma in adult patients. Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated or differentially expressed in GBM. These lncRNAs possess unique regulatory functions in GBM cells, ranging from high invasion/migration to recurrence. This review outlines the present status of specific involvement of lncRNAs in GBM pathogenesis, with a focus on their association with key molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms. Also, we highlighted the potential of different novel RNA-based strategies that may be beneficial for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender Yadav
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Sonali Pal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Yury Rubstov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-7, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Vavilova Street 7, 117312 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Akul Goel
- La Canada High School, La Canada Flintridge, CA 91011, USA
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Marat Pavlyukov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-7, Ulitsa Miklukho-Maklaya, 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
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21
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Chaudhary R. Potential of long non-coding RNAs as a therapeutic target and molecular markers in glioblastoma pathogenesis. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06502. [PMID: 33786397 PMCID: PMC7988331 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is by far the most hostile type of malignant tumor that primarily affects the brain and spine, derived from star-shaped glial cells that are astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Despite of significant efforts in recent years in glioblastoma research, the clinical efficacy of existing medical intervention is still limited and very few potential diagnostic markers are available. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that lacks protein-coding capabilities were previously thought to be "junk sequences" in mammalian genomes are quite indispensible epigenetic regulators that can positively or negatively regulate gene expression and nuclear architecture, with significant roles in the initiation and development of tumors. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism of these distortedly expressed lncRNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Since the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, more and more research have elucidated that lncRNAs are one of the most promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for glioblastoma. In this paper, I briefly outlined the existing findings of lncRNAs. And also summarizes the profiles of different lncRNAs that have been broadly classified in glioblastoma research, with emphasis on both their prognostic and therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
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22
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Ebrahimpour A, Sarfi M, Rezatabar S, Tehrani SS. Novel insights into the interaction between long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs in glioma. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2317-2335. [PMID: 33582947 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common brain tumor of the central nervous system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play a vital role in the initiation and progression of glioma, including tumor cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, invasion, and therapy resistance. New documents emerged, which indicated that the interaction between long non-coding RNAs and miRNAs contributes to the tumorigenesis and pathogenesis of glioma. LncRNAs can act as competing for endogenous RNA (ceRNA), and molecular sponge/deregulator in regulating miRNAs. These interactions stimulate different molecular signaling pathways in glioma, including the lncRNAs/miRNAs/Wnt/β-catenin molecular signaling pathway, the lncRNAs/miRNAs/PI3K/AKT/mTOR molecular signaling pathway, the lncRNAs-miRNAs/MAPK kinase molecular signaling pathway, and the lncRNAs/miRNAs/NF-κB molecular signaling pathway. In this paper, the basic roles and molecular interactions of the lncRNAs and miRNAs pathway glioma were summarized to better understand the pathogenesis and tumorigenesis of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Ebrahimpour
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarfi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Rezatabar
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Takkar S, Sharma V, Ghosh S, Suri A, Sarkar C, Kulshreshtha R. Hypoxia-inducible miR-196a modulates glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration through complex regulation of NRAS. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:433-451. [PMID: 33469841 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in humans. Hypoxia has been correlated with the aggressive form of glial tumors, poor prognosis, recurrence and resistance to various therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as critical mediators of hypoxic responses and have shown great potential for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Here, we focus on the regulatory and functional characterization of miR-196a, a hypoxia-inducible miRNA, in GBM. METHODS Hypoxia/HIF regulation of miR-196a was assessed by RT-qPCR, promoter-luciferase and ChIP assays in GBM cell lines. miR-196a levels were analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-GBM, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and Indian GBM patient cohorts. miR-target interactions were studied using RNA/protein quantification and 3'UTR luciferase assays. The effect of miR-196a overexpression/inhibition was assessed on cellular viability, migration and apoptosis under hypoxia and normoxia. Microarray-based gene expression profiling studies were performrd to study the effect of miR-196a on the GBM cellular transcriptome under hypoxia. RESULTS We identified miR-196a as a hypoxia-inducible and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-regulated miRNA that plays an oncogenic role in GBM. miR-196a was found to be significantly up-regulated in TCGA-GBM, CGGA glioma as well as Indian GBM patient cohorts. miR-196a overexpression was found to induce cellular proliferation, migration, spheroid formation and colony formation and to inhibit apoptosis, while miR-196a inhibition using anti-miR-196a yielded opposite results, suggesting an oncogenic role of miR-196a in GBM. We further unveiled NRAS, AJAP1, TAOK1 and COL24A1 as direct targets of miR-196a. We also report a complex competitive regulation of oncogenic NRAS by miR-196a, miR-146a and let-7 in GBM. Analysis of microarray-based gene expression data obtained by miR-196a inhibition under hypoxia revealed a role of miR-196a in HIF, calcium adhesion, Wnt and cell adhesion pathways. Interestingly, miR-196a was found to positively regulate the expression of various genes involved in the induction or stabilization of HIFs and in maintenance of hypoxic conditions, thereby suggesting the existence of an indirect miR-196a/HIF positive feedback loop under hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our work identifies a novel association between hypoxia/HIF signalling and miR-196a in GBM and suggests its therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Takkar
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Sourabh Ghosh
- Department of Textile and Fibre Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, 110016, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Suri
- Department of Neurosurgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, New Delhi, India
| | - Chitra Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Tan X, Jiang H, Fang Y, Han D, Guo Y, Wang X, Gong X, Hong W, Tu J, Wei W. The essential role of long non-coding RNA GAS5 in glioma: interaction with microRNAs, chemosensitivity and potential as a biomarker. J Cancer 2021; 12:224-231. [PMID: 33391419 PMCID: PMC7738835 DOI: 10.7150/jca.49203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a malignant brain tumor with a generally poor prognosis. Dysregulation of a long non-coding RNA, GAS5, has been detected in numerous cancers, including glioma. Previous studies have suggested that GAS5 plays a significant functional role in glioma, affecting proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and apoptosis. In this review, we describe the roles and mechanisms of GAS5 in glioma. GAS5 may be a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis, and even a potential target for glioma treatment, and therefore warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Tan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yilong Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Dafei Han
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yawei Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University
| | - Xun Gong
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University
| | - Jiajie Tu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China
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25
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Diana A, Gaido G, Maxia C, Murtas D. MicroRNAs at the Crossroad of the Dichotomic Pathway Cell Death vs. Stemness in Neural Somatic and Cancer Stem Cells: Implications and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9630. [PMID: 33348804 PMCID: PMC7766058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stemness and apoptosis may highlight the dichotomy between regeneration and demise in the complex pathway proceeding from ontogenesis to the end of life. In the last few years, the concept has emerged that the same microRNAs (miRNAs) can be concurrently implicated in both apoptosis-related mechanisms and cell differentiation. Whether the differentiation process gives rise to the architecture of brain areas, any long-lasting perturbation of miRNA expression can be related to the occurrence of neurodevelopmental/neuropathological conditions. Moreover, as a consequence of neural stem cell (NSC) transformation to cancer stem cells (CSCs), the fine modulation of distinct miRNAs becomes necessary. This event implies controlling the expression of pro/anti-apoptotic target genes, which is crucial for the management of neural/neural crest-derived CSCs in brain tumors, neuroblastoma, and melanoma. From a translational point of view, the current progress on the emerging miRNA-based neuropathology therapeutic applications and antitumor strategies will be disclosed and their advantages and shortcomings discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Maxia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Murtas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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MiR-196: emerging of a new potential therapeutic target and biomarker in colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:9913-9920. [PMID: 33130965 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05949-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of microRNAs, as key elements in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis, is correlated with various stages of this cancer. miR-196 is involved in the initiation and progression of a verity of malignances, especially CRC. miR-196 in CRC cells could target different types of genes with oncogenic and/or tumor suppressor function such as HOX genes, GATA6, SOCS1, SOCS3, ANXA1, DFFA, PDCD4, ZG16 and ING5. Therefore, these genes could be up or down-regulated in cells and subsequently change the capacity of CRC cells in terms of tumor development, progression and, response to therapy. Comprehension of miR-196-associated aberrations underlying the CRC pathogenesis might introduce promising targets for therapy. Additionally, it seems that miR-196 expression profiling, especially circulatory exosomal miR-196, might be useful for diagnosis and prognosis determination of the CRC patients. In this review, at first, we summarize the roles of miR-196 in different types of cancers. After that, a detailed discussion about this miRNA and also their targets in CRC pathogenesis, progression, and response to treatment are represented. Moreover, we highlight the potential utilization of miR-196 and its targets as therapeutic targets and novel biomarkers in early detection and prediction of prognosis in CRC patients.
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Xue BZ, Xiang W, Zhang Q, Wang YH, Wang HF, Yi DY, Xiong NX, Jiang XB, Zhao HY, Fu P. Roles of long non-coding RNAs in the hallmarks of glioma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:83. [PMID: 32863916 PMCID: PMC7436925 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common types of tumor of the central nervous system. Due to the aggressiveness and invasiveness of high-level gliomas, the survival time of patients with these tumors is short, at ~15 months, even after combined treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Recently, a number of studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) serve crucial roles in the multistep development of human gliomas. Gliomas acquire numerous biological abilities during multistep development that collectively constitute the hallmarks of glioma. Thus, in this review, the roles of lncRNAs associated with glioma hallmarks and the current and future prospects for their development are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Zhou Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Hao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Ye Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Nan-Xiang Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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LncRNA MIR155HG Promotes Temozolomide Resistance by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Via Binding to PTBP1 in Glioma. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 41:1271-1284. [PMID: 32529543 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00898-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) is widely used for glioma therapy in the clinic. Currently, the development of TMZ resistance has largely led to poor prognosis. However, very little is understood about the role of MIR155HG, as a long noncoding RNA, in TMZ resistance. In our study, MIR155HG level was markedly higher in glioma patients than in normal controls and that poor survival was positively correlated with MIR155HG expression. It was apparent that TMZ sensitivity was promoted by downregulation of MIR155HG, and this could be reversed by MIR155HG overexpression in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) was proven to bind with MIR155HG and to regulate MIR155HG-related TMZ resistance. Mechanistic investigation showed that the expression levels of both MIR155HG and PTBP1 influenced the expression of relevant proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Collectively, the study demonstrated that the knockdown of MIR155HG increased glioma sensitivity to TMZ by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation via potently downregulating PTBP1.
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29
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Zhou R, Joshi P, Katsushima K, Liang W, Liu W, Goldenberg NA, Dover G, Perera RJ. The Emerging Field of Noncoding RNAs and Their Importance in Pediatric Diseases. J Pediatr 2020; 221S:S11-S19. [PMID: 32482229 PMCID: PMC9003624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL.
| | - Piyush Joshi
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Keisuke Katsushima
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Weihong Liang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - Neil A. Goldenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - George Dover
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ranjan J. Perera
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, St. Petersburg, FL
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Long non-coding RNA GAS5, by up-regulating PRC2 and targeting the promoter methylation of miR-424, suppresses multiple malignant phenotypes of glioma. J Neurooncol 2020; 148:529-543. [PMID: 32472311 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant gliomas remain significant challenges in clinic and pose dismal prognosis on patients. In this study, we focused on growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5), a tumor suppressive long non-coding RNA in glioma, explored its crosstalk with miR-424, and examined their biological functions in glioma. METHODS Expressions of GAS5 and miR-424 were measured using qRT-PCR. The regulation of GAS5 on miR-424 expression was examined in GAS5-overexpressing glioma cells by combining methylation-specific PCR, western blotting, and RNA immunoprecipitation. Functional significance of GAS5 and miR-424 on in vitro cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and in vivo tumor growth was examined using colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, transwell assay, and the xenograft model, respectively. The potential targeting of AKT3 by miR-424 was investigated using luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS GAS5 and miR-424 were significantly down-regulated in glioma cells. GAS5 directly interacted with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), stimulated the formation of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), reduced the levels of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts), alleviated promoter methylation of miR-424, and promoted miR-424 expression. Functionally, GAS5, by up-regulating miR-424, inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while increased apoptosis of glioma cells in vitro, and suppressed xenograft growth in vivo. miR-424 directly inhibited AKT3 and altered the expressions of AKT3 targets, cyclinD1, c-Myc, Bax, and Bcl-2, which might contribute to its tumor suppressive activities. CONCLUSIONS GAS5, by inhibiting methylation and boosting expression of miR-424, inhibits AKT3 signaling and suppresses multiple malignant phenotypes. Therefore, stimulating GAS5/miR-424 signaling may benefit the treatment of glioma.
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31
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Ding Y, Wang J, Zhang H, Li H. Long noncoding RNA-GAS5 attenuates progression of glioma by eliminating microRNA-10b and Sirtuin 1 in U251 and A172 cells. Biofactors 2020; 46:487-496. [PMID: 31889362 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is implicated in several cancers via modulating microRNAs (miRs). However, little information is available about the correlation between GAS5 and miR-10b. Therefore, we sought out to investigate the biological role of GAS5-miR-10b node mainly in glioma cells. We artificially modulated GAS5 to explore its roles in viability assayed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), motile activities by 24-Transwell assay, as well as apoptosis by a flow cytometer and Western blot assay. miR-10b and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) were quantified by qRT-PCR. After co-transfection, we analyzed the viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and Sirt1 expression. Western blot was implemented to detect the phosphorylated forms of PTEN, PI3K, AKT, MEK, and ERK. GAS5 inhibited proliferation and motile behaviors, and fortified apoptosis. As for the viability and motile activities, the property of GAS5 was reversed in miR-10b-replenished U251 and A172 cells, while maintained in miR-10b-deficient cells. Additionally, GAS5-induced apoptosis was abolished by miR-10b overexpression while fortified by miR-10b silence. Besides, GAS5 negatively modulated Sirt1 via miR-10b. Moreover, Sirt1 negatively modulated PTEN and positively mediated the abovementioned regulators. GAS5 represses the process of glioma cells by decreasing miR-10b, which as accompanied by Sirt1 silence-induced inactivation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Huanting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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DeOcesano-Pereira C, Machado RAC, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM, Sogayar MC. Emerging Roles and Potential Applications of Non-Coding RNAs in Glioblastoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2611. [PMID: 32283739 PMCID: PMC7178171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise a diversity of RNA species, which do not have the potential to encode proteins. Non-coding RNAs include two classes of RNAs, namely: short regulatory ncRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The short regulatory RNAs, containing up to 200 nucleotides, include small RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNA), short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). The lncRNAs include long antisense RNAs and long intergenic RNAs (lincRNAs). Non-coding RNAs have been implicated as master regulators of several biological processes, their expression being strictly regulated under physiological conditions. In recent years, particularly in the last decade, substantial effort has been made to investigate the function of ncRNAs in several human diseases, including cancer. Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive type of brain cancer in adults, with deregulated expression of small and long ncRNAs having been implicated in onset, progression, invasiveness, and recurrence of this tumor. The aim of this review is to guide the reader through important aspects of miRNA and lncRNA biology, focusing on the molecular mechanism associated with the progression of this highly malignant cancer type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos DeOcesano-Pereira
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, 1500 Vital Brazil Avenue, São Paulo 05503-900 SP, Brazil; (C.D.-P.); (A.M.C.-T.)
| | - Raquel A. C. Machado
- Department of Life Science and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, 1500 Vital Brazil Avenue, São Paulo 05503-900 SP, Brazil; (C.D.-P.); (A.M.C.-T.)
| | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- Biochemistry Department, Chemistry Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Cell and Molecular Therapy Center (NUCEL), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05360-130 SP, Brazil
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Gao C, Ren C, Liu Z, Zhang L, Tang R, Li X. GAS5, a FoxO1-actived long noncoding RNA, promotes propofol-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma apoptosis by regulating the miR-1297-GSK3β axis. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 47:3985-3993. [PMID: 31583913 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1670189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Propofol, an intravenous anaesthetic agent, has been found to exhibit antitumour effects in various kinds of cancer cells. However, the potential roles and regulatory mechanisms of propofol in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unknown. Herein, we found that propofol inhibits OSCC cell growth and promotes cell apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the long noncoding RNA GAS5 is induced by propofol in OSCC cells. Elevated GAS5 acts as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-1297 and attenuates its inhibitory effect on GSK3β, leading to GSK3β increase and Mcl1 decrease. Additionally, we found that FoxO1 binds to the promoter of GAS5, facilitating its transcription in response to propofol treatment. Thus, these results suggest that propofol exhibits antitumour effects in OSCC cells and that the FoxO1-GAS5-miR-1297-GSK3β axis plays an important role in propofol-induced OSCC cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshun Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University , Dalian , Liaoning , China
| | - Chunmei Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University , Dalian , Liaoning , China
| | - Zhongxi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University , Dalian , Liaoning , China.,Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Li Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University , Dalian , Liaoning , China
| | - Ranran Tang
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital & Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University , Dalian , Liaoning , China
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Xia XR, Li WC, Yu ZT, Li J, Peng CY, Jin L, Yuan GL. Effects of small nucleolar RNA SNORD44 on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of glioma cells. Histochem Cell Biol 2020; 153:257-269. [PMID: 32062699 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01848-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To master the effect of small nucleolar RNA, SNORD44, on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of glioma cells and its relevant mechanism. SNORD44 and GAS5 expression in glioma tissues and cells was detected through qRT-PCR. Then, the glioma cell lines (U87 and U251) were divided into different groups with different treatments. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay, while the abilities of the cell migration and invasion were measured by wound-healing test and Transwell assay, respectively. Cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. The expression of apoptosis proteins was quantified through Western blotting. Finally, the xenograft models were established on nude mice to investigate the effects of SNORD44 on the growth of glioma and the expressions of Ki67, MMP2 and MMP9 in vivo. SNORD44 and GAS5 were down-regulated in glioma tissues and cells in a positive correlation. Either SNORD44 or GAS5 overexpression decreased the proliferation, invasion and migration of U87 and U251 cells with the up-regulation of apoptosis rates, as well as the expressions of cleaved PARP, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9. Moreover, the in vivo experiment showed that overexpression of SNORD44 blocked the growth of glioma xenograft in nude mice accompanying with the inhibition of Ki67, MMP2 and MMP9 expressions. The combination overexpression of SNORD44 and GAS5 gained better inhibitory effects on glioma cells. Overexpression of SNORD44 and GAS5 activate the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway to facilitate the apoptosis with the inhibited proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Ru Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Cui Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Zong-Tao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Chun-Yan Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Li Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Guo-Lin Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 32, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
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Chen X, Li X, Peng X, Zhang C, Liu K, Huang G, Lai Y. Use of a Four-miRNA Panel as a Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Stomach Adenocarcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8880937. [PMID: 33224315 PMCID: PMC7670587 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8880937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been applied to cancer diagnosis taking into account their role in tumorigenesis. The main purpose of our study was to confirm the possibility of using miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers for stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) diagnosis. METHODS A total of 246 participants (130 STAD patients and 116 healthy controls (HCs)) were enrolled in this 3-phase study. Five STAD pools and 3 HC pools (with 4 participants in each pool) were used for the screening of the 28 miRNAs using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The training phase (30 STAD patients vs. 24 HCs) and validation phase (80 STAD patients vs. 80 HCs) were used to further verify the identity of these miRNAs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and bioinformatics analysis were also used. RESULTS The expression levels of miR-125b-5p and miR-196a-5p were upregulated in STAD serum, compared with the HCs, while miR-1-3p and miR-149-5p showed the opposite result. A four-serum miRNA panel was constructed, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was found to be 0.892 (95% CI: 0.834 to 0.936, sensitivity = 86.25%, specificity = 78.75%). Only miR-125b-5p expression showed a significant difference between STAD patients and NCs in the survival analysis. The neurotrophin signaling pathway was associated with 4 miRNAs identified in STAD patients. CONCLUSION The four-serum miRNA panel has great potential to be used as a noninvasive biomarker for STAD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xinji Li
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xiqi Peng
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Chunduo Zhang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Kaihao Liu
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Guocheng Huang
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Institute of Urology of Shenzhen PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
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Guo J, Shen S, Liu X, Ruan X, Zheng J, Liu Y, Liu L, Ma J, Ma T, Shao L, Wang D, Yang C, Xue Y. Role of linc00174/miR-138-5p (miR-150-5p)/FOSL2 Feedback Loop on Regulating the Blood-Tumor Barrier Permeability. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:1072-1090. [PMID: 31791014 PMCID: PMC6906710 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The blood-tumor barrier (BTB) limits the transport of chemotherapeutic drugs to brain tumor tissues and impacts the treatment of glioma. Long non-coding RNAs play critical roles in various biological processes of tumors; however, the function of these in BTB permeability is still unclear. In this study, we have identified that long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 174 (linc00174) was upregulated in glioma endothelial cells (GECs) from glioma tissues. Additionally, linc00174 was also upregulated in GECs from the BTB model in vitro. Knock down of linc00174 increased BTB permeability and reduced the expression of the tight junction-related proteins ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5. Both bioinformatics data and results of luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that linc00174 regulated BTB permeability by binding to miR-138-5p and miR-150-5p. Furthermore, knock down of linc00174 inhibited FOSL2 expression via upregulating miR-138-5p and miR-150-5p. FOSL2 interacted with the promoter regions and upregulated the promoter activity of ZO-1, occludin, claudin-5, and linc00174 in GECs. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the linc00174/miR-138-5p (miR-150-5p)/FOSL2 feedback loop played an essential role in regulating BTB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhe Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianqi Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Yu Y, Hann SS. Novel Tumor Suppressor lncRNA Growth Arrest-Specific 5 (GAS5) In Human Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8421-8436. [PMID: 31632088 PMCID: PMC6794681 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in fundamental biological processes, and deregulations of lncRNAs have been linked to numerous human diseases, especially cancers. Of particular interest in this regard is lncRNA GAS5, which is mainly identified as a tumor suppressor in several cancers. GAS5 was significantly low expressed in multiple cancers and was associated with clinic-pathological characteristics and patient survival, indicating a novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, and a therapeutic target for cancer. Functionally, GAS5 is involved in cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and drug resistance, among others, via multiple molecular mechanisms, such as binding to DNA sequences, forming RNA-DNA triplex complex, triggering or suppressing the expression of genes, binding proteins to form chromatin-modifying complex, which activates or represses gene expression, and acting as miRNA sponge to suppress miRNA expression, leading to regulation of miRNA target genes. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge and role of GAS5 in clinical relevance, biological functions and molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of expression and function of GAS5 in cancer. Finally, the potential prospective role as diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, The Second Clinical Collage of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Glioma, the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor, has a poor prognosis. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are thought to be responsible for glioma genesis, proliferation, resistance to chemoradiotherapy, and recurrence. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been viewed as a prospective novel target in glioma therapy in recent years due to their functional roles in GSC biological processes. However, how lncRNAs interact with GSCs and the underlining mechanisms associated with these interactions are not yet clear. In this review, we briefly illustrate recent advancements in the functional roles of lncRNA and their potential mechanisms in GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Afliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhengwen He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Afliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
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Goustin AS, Thepsuwan P, Kosir MA, Lipovich L. The Growth-Arrest-Specific ( GAS)-5 Long Non-Coding RNA: A Fascinating lncRNA Widely Expressed in Cancers. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5030046. [PMID: 31533355 PMCID: PMC6789762 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes encode non-messenger RNAs that lack open reading frames (ORFs) longer than 300 nucleotides, lack evolutionary conservation in their shorter ORFs, and do not belong to any classical non-coding RNA category. LncRNA genes equal, or exceed in number, protein-coding genes in mammalian genomes. Most mammalian genomes harbor ~20,000 protein-coding genes that give rise to conventional messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts. These coding genes exhibit sweeping evolutionary conservation in their ORFs. LncRNAs function via different mechanisms, including but not limited to: (1) serving as “enhancer” RNAs regulating nearby coding genes in cis; (2) functioning as scaffolds to create ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes; (3) serving as sponges for microRNAs; (4) acting as ribo-mimics of consensus transcription factor binding sites in genomic DNA; (5) hybridizing to other nucleic acids (mRNAs and genomic DNA); and, rarely, (6) as templates encoding small open reading frames (smORFs) that may encode short proteins. Any given lncRNA may have more than one of these functions. This review focuses on one fascinating case—the growth-arrest-specific (GAS)-5 gene, encoding a complicated repertoire of alternatively-spliced lncRNA isoforms. GAS5 is also a host gene of numerous small nucleolar (sno) RNAs, which are processed from its introns. Publications about this lncRNA date back over three decades, covering its role in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cancer. The GAS5 story has drawn in contributions from prominent molecular geneticists who attempted to define its tumor suppressor function in mechanistic terms. The evidence suggests that rodent Gas5 and human GAS5 functions may be different, despite the conserved multi-exonic architecture featuring intronic snoRNAs, and positional conservation on syntenic chromosomal regions indicating that the rodent Gas5 gene is the true ortholog of the GAS5 gene in man and other apes. There is no single answer to the molecular mechanism of GAS5 action. Our goal here is to summarize competing, not mutually exclusive, mechanistic explanations of GAS5 function that have compelling experimental support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Scott Goustin
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Pattaraporn Thepsuwan
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | | | - Leonard Lipovich
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Diana A, Gaido G, Murtas D. MicroRNA Signature in Human Normal and Tumoral Neural Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174123. [PMID: 31450858 PMCID: PMC6747235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs, also called miRNAs or simply miR-, represent a unique class of non-coding RNAs that have gained exponential interest during recent years because of their determinant involvement in regulating the expression of several genes. Despite the increasing number of mature miRNAs recognized in the human species, only a limited proportion is engaged in the ontogeny of the central nervous system (CNS). miRNAs also play a pivotal role during the transition of normal neural stem cells (NSCs) into tumor-forming NSCs. More specifically, extensive studies have identified some shared miRNAs between NSCs and neural cancer stem cells (CSCs), namely miR-7, -124, -125, -181 and miR-9, -10, -130. In the context of NSCs, miRNAs are intercalated from embryonic stages throughout the differentiation pathway in order to achieve mature neuronal lineages. Within CSCs, under a different cellular context, miRNAs perform tumor suppressive or oncogenic functions that govern the homeostasis of brain tumors. This review will draw attention to the most characterizing studies dealing with miRNAs engaged in neurogenesis and in the tumoral neural stem cell context, offering the reader insight into the power of next generation miRNA-targeted therapies against brain malignances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Gaido
- Department of Surgery, Cottolengo Mission Hospital Charia, 60200 Meru, Kenya
| | - Daniela Murtas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy.
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Li G, Cai Y, Wang C, Huang M, Chen J. LncRNA GAS5 regulates the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of brain glioma cells through targeting GSTM3 expression. The effect of LncRNA GAS5 on glioma cells. J Neurooncol 2019; 143:525-536. [PMID: 31172354 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the effects of lncRNA GAS5 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of brain glioma cells. METHODS The expression levels of lncRNA GAS5 and GSTM3 in normal glial cells (HEB) and glioma cells (U251 and U87) were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. Glioma cells were transfected with ctrl vector, pcDNA-GAS5, siRNA ctrl (siNC) or GSTM3 siRNA and the effects of lncRNA GAS5 and GSTM3 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of glioma cells were detected by CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and Caspase 3/7 activity assay, respectively. RESULTS The expression of lncRNA GAS5 was significantly decreased in glioma cell lines U251 and U87 compared with normal glial cells HEB (p < 0.01). In addition, overexpression of lncRNA GAS5 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of U251 and U87 cells, and promoted cell apoptosis as demonstrated by the increased activity of Caspase 3/7. Furthermore, GSTM3 was predicted as a target gene of lncRNA GAS5 by bioinformatics analysis and its expression was increased in glioma cells compared with the normal cells as indicated by western blotting and RT-qPCR experimental results. Silencing of GSTM3 with GSTM3 siRNA decreased the proliferation, migration and invasion but increased the apoptosis of glioma cell lines U251 and U87, which was similar to that the effect lncRNA GAS5 over-expression. CONCLUSION lncRNA GAS5 can effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma cells and promote cell apoptosis through targeting GSTM3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Shiyan, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory On Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqian Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory On Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanmei Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory On Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiansheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory On Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang F, Yang C, Xing Z, Liu P, Zhang B, Ma X, Huang L, Zhuang L. LncRNA GAS5-mediated miR-1323 promotes tumor progression by targeting TP53INP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4013-4023. [PMID: 31190897 PMCID: PMC6535457 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s209439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: MiR-1323 was identified in 2006. Until now, the roles and mechanisms of miR-1323 in the progression of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions, roles and mechanisms of miR-1323 in HCC development. Methods: QRT-PCR was used to evaluate the expressions of miR-1323, GAS5 and TP53INP1 in HCC tissues and cell lines. CCK-8 assay, transwell invasion assay and flow cytometry assay were conducted to evaluate the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of HCC cells. Luciferase assay was used to identify microRNA-target interaction. Results: Firstly, our results showed that miR-1323 promoted proliferation and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis of HCC cells. Secondly, we found that TP53INP1 was a direct target of miR-1323 and could reverse the effects of miR-1323 on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of HCC cells. Thirdly, our results showed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) GAS5 and miR-1323 could interact with each other and affect biological processes of HCC cells. Furthermore, we identified the negative correlations between miR-1323 and TP53INP1, and between miR-1323 and GAS5 in tumor tissues of patients with HCC. Conclusion: Taken together, our study revealed the important roles of GAS5/miR-1323/TP53INP1 axis in HCC progression. This study also provided promising strategies for targeted therapy of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Xing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuye Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Likun Zhuang
- Institute of Transplantation Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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Jadideslam G, Ansarin K, Sakhinia E, Babaloo Z, Abhari A, Ghahremanzadeh K, Khalili M, Radmehr R, Kabbazi A. Diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target applications of miR-326 in cancers: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21560-21574. [PMID: 31069801 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous mediators of RNA interference and have key roles in the modulation of gene expression under healthy, inflamed, stimulated, carcinogenic, or other cells, and tissues of a pathological state. Many studies have proved the association between miRNAs and cancer. The role of miR-326 as a tumor suppressor miRNA in much human cancer confirmed. We will explain the history and the role of miRNAs changes, especially miR-326 in cancers and other pathological conditions. Attuned with these facts, this review highlights recent preclinical and clinical research performed on miRNAs as novel promising diagnostic biomarkers of patients at early stages, prediction of prognosis, and monitoring of the patients in response to treatment. All related publications retrieved from the PubMed database, with keywords such as epigenetic, miRNA, microRNA, miR-326, cancer, diagnostic biomarker, and therapeutic target similar terms from 1899 to 2018 with limitations in the English language. Recently, researchers have focused on the impacts of miRNAs and their association in inflammatory, autoinflammatory, and cancerous conditions. Recent studies have suggested a major pathogenic role in cancers and autoinflammatory diseases. Investigations have explained the role of miRNAs in cancers, autoimmunity, and autoinflammatory diseases, and so on. The miRNA-326 expression has an important role in cancer conditions and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golamreza Jadideslam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Internal Medicine Department, Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Internal Medicine Department, Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Tabriz Genetic Analysis Centre (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Department of Immunology Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Abhari
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kazem Ghahremanzadeh
- Labratory Medicine, Central laboratory of East Azerbaijan, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Khalili
- Labratory Medicine, Central laboratory of East Azerbaijan, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rahman Radmehr
- Labratory Medicine, Central laboratory of East Azerbaijan, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kabbazi
- Internal Medicine Department, Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Ji J, Dai X, Yeung SCJ, He X. The role of long non-coding RNA GAS5 in cancers. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2729-2737. [PMID: 31114330 PMCID: PMC6497482 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s189052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have shown potential as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis in multiple cancers. LncRNAs are dysregulated in various cancers, playing either oncogenic or tumor suppressive roles. Emerging evidences have proved that the growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) lncRNA can function as a tumor suppressor in several cancers. LncRNA GAS5 is downregulated in many types of cancer, regulating cellular processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. The low level of GAS5 expression often elevates capacity of proliferation and predicts poorer prognosis in some cancers. This review aims to summarize the recent published literature on the biogenesis, regulation mechanism and function of GAS5 in different types of cancers and explore its potential for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sai-Ching Jim Yeung
- Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xuexin He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Growth arrest specific transcript 5 in tumorigenesis process: An update on the expression pattern and genomic variants. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108723. [PMID: 30970522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) with diverse functions in regulation of gene expression. Most studies have reported a role for this lncRNA in induction of cell apoptosis and suppression of tumorigenesis process. Although few studies demonstrated up-regulation of this lncRNA in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues of the same origin, the results of in vitro functional studies mostly support the tumor suppressor role for GAS5. A number of recent studies have also shown associations between genomic variants of this gene and risk of cancer in some populations. The role of this lncRNA in modulation of response to anti-cancer regimens has been verified through both in vitro and clinical studies. Taken together, this lncRNA is a putative biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies.
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Li MK, Zhan HL, Wu LF. Progress in research of long non-coding RNA GAS5 in human tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:175-182. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i3.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth arrest-special transcript 5 (GAS5) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), located on chromosome 1 of the human genome, and it plays an important regulatory role in biological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Recent studies have shown that GAS5 is down-expressed in most tumor tissues, which is closely related to tumorigenesis, tumor development, and prognosis. A better understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms and biologic functions of lncRNA GAS5 may offer novel opportunities for diagnosis and therapy of tumors. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress of lncRNA GAS5 in various human carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Kai Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao-Lian Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling-Fei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong Province, China
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He Z, Ruan X, Liu X, Zheng J, Liu Y, Liu L, Ma J, Shao L, Wang D, Shen S, Yang C, Xue Y. FUS/circ_002136/miR-138-5p/SOX13 feedback loop regulates angiogenesis in Glioma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:65. [PMID: 30736838 PMCID: PMC6368736 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis plays a critical role in the progression of glioma. Previous studies have indicated that RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) interact with RNAs and participate in the regulation of the malignant behaviors of tumors. As a type of endogenous non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abnormally expressed in various cancers and are involved in diverse tumorigeneses including angiogenesis. Methods The expression levels of FUS, circ_002136, miR-138-5p, SOX13, and SPON2 were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot. Transient cell transfection was performed using the Lipofectamine 3000 reagent. The RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RNA-IP) and the RNA pull-down assays were used to detect the interaction between FUS and circ_002136. The dual-luciferase reporter assay system was performed to detect the binding sites of circ_002136 and miR-138-5p, miR-138-5p and SOX13. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were used to examine the interactions between transcription factor SOX13 and its target proteins . Results We demonstrated that down-regulation of FUS or circ_002136 dramatically inhibited the viability, migration and tube formation of U87 glioma-exposed endothelial cells (GECs). MiR-138-5p was down-regulated in GECs and circ_002136 functionally targeted miR-138-5p in an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Inhibition of circ_002136, combined with the restoration of miR-138-5p, robustly reduced the angiogenesis of GECs. As a target gene of miR-138-5p, SOX13 was overexpressed in GECs and was proved to be involved in circ_002136 and miR-138-5p-mediated angiogenesis in gliomas. In addition, we found that SOX13 was directly associated with and activated the SPON2 promoter, thereby up-regulating the expression of SPON2 at the transcriptional level. Knockdown of SPON2 suppressed the angiogenesis in GECs. More important, SOX13 activated the FUS promoter and increased its expression, forming a feedback loop. Conclusion Our data suggests that the feedback loop of FUS/circ_002136/miR-138-5p/SOX13 played a crucial role in the regulation of angiogenesis in glioma. This also provides a potential target and an alternative strategy for combined glioma therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1065-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei He
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobai Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianqi Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Liaoning Research Center for Translational Medicine in Nervous System Disease, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Neuro-oncology in Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Low GAS5 Levels as a Predictor of Poor Survival in Patients with Lower-Grade Gliomas. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:1785042. [PMID: 30853980 PMCID: PMC6377997 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1785042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Gliomas are infiltrative neoplasms of a highly invasive nature. Different stages of gliomas feature distinct genomic, genetic, and epigenetic changes. The long noncoding RNA Growth Arrest Specific Transcript 5 (GAS5) is an identified tumour suppressor involved in several cancers. However, the underlying roles of the GAS5 gene in lower-grade glioma (LGG) patients are not clear. Methods Via bioinformatic analysis based on TCGA-LGG and TCGA-GBM data, we explored the mechanisms of GAS5 expression in LGG (grades II and III) and high-grade glioma (glioblastoma multiforme, grade IV). The log-rank test and multivariate Cox analysis were performed to find the association between GAS5 and overall survival (OS) in LGG patients. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and RNA-Seq analysis were applied to find the key gene network associated with GAS5. Results We found that GAS5 expression was downregulated in both LGG and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) compared with normal brain tissue. Low methylation in the GAS5 promoter region was detected in both LGG and GBM tissues. The amplification type was the predominant type of GAS5 gene alteration in both LGG and GBM. High GAS5 expression was more associated with long overall survival (OS) in LGG patients than in GBM patients. The multivariate survival analysis of GAS5 and clinical and molecular characteristics in LGG patients further confirmed the association between GAS5 and OS in LGG patients. We then developed a nomogram for clinical use. WGCNA and RNA-Seq analysis indicated that ribosomal biogenesis and translation initiation were the predominant events regulated by GAS5 in LGG patients. Conclusion Taken together, these results demonstrate that GAS5 expression is associated with OS in LGG patients and that its underlying roles involve the regulation of ribosomal biogenesis and translation initiation, which may aid in identifying a new target for the treatment of LGG.
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Zhu L, Yang N, Li C, Liu G, Pan W, Li X. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma through interacting with miR-384. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1997-2006. [PMID: 30346062 PMCID: PMC6587825 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It was reported that long non-coding RNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism of tumorigenesis is still largely unclear. Here, we found that NEAT1 is remarkably upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of NEAT1 notably accelerated HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Knockdown of NEAT1 significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. MiR-384 expression was lower in HCC tissues and cell lines than adjacent nontumor tissues and L02 cell. MiR-384 exhibited the functions of tumor-suppressive. The expression of miR-384 was negatively correlated with the expression of NEAT1. Overexpression of NEAT1 reduced miR-384 expression, whereas inhibition of miR-384 led to a distinct upregulation of NEAT1 expression. In addition, we provided evidence that miR-384 was directly bound to the sequence of NEAT1 by luciferase reporter and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assays. Overexpression of miR-384 inhibited NEAT1 function. Thus, we demonstrated that NEAT1 promotes the malignant biological properties of hepatocellular carcinoma by negatively regulating miR-384.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Zhu
- Department of Medical LaboratoryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina,Department of Medical LaboratoryGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Nenghong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Guoqi Liu
- Department of Medical LaboratoryGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Medical LaboratoryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina,Department of Medical LaboratoryGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina,Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University and Guizhou Provincial Prenatal Diagnosis Center
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Medical LaboratoryAffiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina,Department of Medical LaboratoryGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhouChina
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Miao X, Liang A. Retracted: Knockdown of long noncoding RNA GAS5 attenuates H 2 O 2 -induced damage in retinal ganglion cells through upregulating miR-124: Potential role in traumatic brain injury. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2313-2322. [PMID: 30450834 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optic nerve injury is one of the most common and serious complications in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Alleviating degree of optic nerve injury is important to cure of TBI. This study explored the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) GAS5 in mice retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) suffered to H2 O 2 injury. METHODS Primary RGC (PRGCs) were treated with H2 O 2 to simulate an in vitro oxidation stress model. LncRNA GAS5 and miR-124 expressions were knocked down by cell transfection with short-hairpin RNA against GAS5 and miR-124 inhibitor, and the transfection efficiency was determined by qRT-PCR. Cell viability, apoptotic cell rate, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, PI/FITC-Annexin V method, and DCFH-DA fluorometric assay. Cell apoptosis-associated proteins as well as activations of JAK/STAT3 signaling and JNK signaling were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS H2 O 2 treatment-induced cell injury was inhibited by lncRNA GAS5 silence. Specifically, knockdown of GAS5 improved viability of primary PRGCs, inhibited apoptosis, decreased ROS expression, increased antiapoptosis proteins' expressions, and decreased proapoptosis proteins' expressions. It was also found that miR-124 inhibitor treatment impaired the cell protective effect of GAS5 silence, indicating low level of GAS5 protected PRGCs via upregulating miR-124. GAS5 silence might exert cytoprotection effect via activating JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway and inhibiting activation of JNK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Knocking down lncRNA GAS5 alleviated H2 O 2 -induced injury in PRGCs via upregulation of miR-124, which might dependent on activation of JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway and inhibition of JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglu Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Anran Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, China
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