1
|
Allwright M, Guennewig B, Hoffmann AE, Rohleder C, Jieu B, Chung LH, Jiang YC, Lemos Wimmer BF, Qi Y, Don AS, Leweke FM, Couttas TA. ReTimeML: a retention time predictor that supports the LC-MS/MS analysis of sphingolipids. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4375. [PMID: 38388524 PMCID: PMC10883992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The analysis of ceramide (Cer) and sphingomyelin (SM) lipid species using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) continues to present challenges as their precursor mass and fragmentation can correspond to multiple molecular arrangements. To address this constraint, we developed ReTimeML, a freeware that automates the expected retention times (RTs) for Cer and SM lipid profiles from complex chromatograms. ReTimeML works on the principle that LC-MS/MS experiments have pre-determined RTs from internal standards, calibrators or quality controls used throughout the analysis. Employed as reference RTs, ReTimeML subsequently extrapolates the RTs of unknowns using its machine-learned regression library of mass-to-charge (m/z) versus RT profiles, which does not require model retraining for adaptability on different LC-MS/MS pipelines. We validated ReTimeML RT estimations for various Cer and SM structures across different biologicals, tissues and LC-MS/MS setups, exhibiting a mean variance between 0.23 and 2.43% compared to user annotations. ReTimeML also aided the disambiguation of SM identities from isobar distributions in paired serum-cerebrospinal fluid from healthy volunteers, allowing us to identify a series of non-canonical SMs associated between the two biofluids comprised of a polyunsaturated structure that confers increased stability against catabolic clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Allwright
- ForeFront, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Boris Guennewig
- ForeFront, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna E Hoffmann
- Translational Research Collective, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Endosane Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cathrin Rohleder
- Translational Research Collective, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Endosane Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beverly Jieu
- Translational Research Collective, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Long H Chung
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yingxin C Jiang
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bruno F Lemos Wimmer
- Translational Research Collective, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony S Don
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - F Markus Leweke
- Translational Research Collective, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Endosane Pharmaceuticals GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Timothy A Couttas
- Translational Research Collective, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
SenthilKumar G, Katunaric B, Zirgibel Z, Lindemer B, Jaramillo-Torres MJ, Bordas-Murphy H, Schulz ME, Pearson PJ, Freed JK. Necessary Role of Ceramides in the Human Microvascular Endothelium During Health and Disease. Circ Res 2024; 134:81-96. [PMID: 38037825 PMCID: PMC10766100 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated plasma ceramides and microvascular dysfunction both independently predict adverse cardiac events. Despite the known detrimental effects of ceramide on the microvasculature, evidence suggests that activation of the shear-sensitive, ceramide-forming enzyme NSmase (neutral sphingomyelinase) elicits formation of vasoprotective nitric oxide (NO). Here, we explore a novel hypothesis that acute ceramide formation through NSmase is necessary for maintaining NO signaling within the human microvascular endothelium. We further define the mechanism through which ceramide exerts beneficial effects and discern key mechanistic differences between arterioles from otherwise healthy adults (non-coronary artery disease [CAD]) and patients diagnosed with CAD. METHODS Human arterioles were dissected from discarded surgical adipose tissue (n=166), and vascular reactivity to flow and C2-ceramide was assessed. Shear-induced NO and mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production were measured in arterioles using fluorescence microscopy. H2O2 fluorescence was assessed in isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. RESULTS Inhibition of NSmase in arterioles from otherwise healthy adults induced a switch from NO to NOX-2 (NADPH-oxidase 2)-dependent H2O2-mediated flow-induced dilation. Endothelial dysfunction was prevented by treatment with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and partially prevented by C2-ceramide and an agonist of S1P-receptor 1 (S1PR1); the inhibition of the S1P/S1PR1 signaling axis induced endothelial dysfunction via NOX-2. Ceramide increased NO production in arterioles from non-CAD adults, an effect that was diminished with inhibition of S1P/S1PR1/S1P-receptor 3 signaling. In arterioles from patients with CAD, inhibition of NSmase impaired the overall ability to induce mitochondrial H2O2 production and subsequently dilate to flow, an effect not restored with exogenous S1P. Acute ceramide administration to arterioles from patients with CAD promoted H2O2 as opposed to NO production, an effect dependent on S1P-receptor 3 signaling. CONCLUSION These data suggest that despite differential downstream signaling between health and disease, NSmase-mediated ceramide formation is necessary for proper functioning of the human microvascular endothelium. Therapeutic strategies that aim to significantly lower ceramide formation may prove detrimental to the microvasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopika SenthilKumar
- Department of Physiology (G.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Boran Katunaric
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Zachary Zirgibel
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Brian Lindemer
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Maria J. Jaramillo-Torres
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Henry Bordas-Murphy
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Mary E. Schulz
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Paul J. Pearson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (P.J.P.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Julie K. Freed
- Department of Physiology (G.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Cardiovascular Center (G.S., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Anesthesiology (G.S., B.K., Z.Z., B.L., M.J.J.-T., H.B.-M., M.E.S., J.K.F.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Canals D, Hannun YA. Biological function, topology, and quantification of plasma membrane Ceramide. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 91:101009. [PMID: 38128364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, a growing body of evidence has revealed the regulatory role of the lipid ceramide in various cellular functions. The structural diversity of ceramide, resulting in numerous species, and its distinct distribution within subcellular compartments may account for its wide range of functions. However, our ability to study the potential role of ceramide in specific subcellular membranes has been limited. Several works have shown mitochondrial, Golgi, and plasma membrane ceramide to mediate signaling pathways independently. These results have started to shift the focus on ceramide signaling research toward specific membrane pools. Nonetheless, the challenge arises from the substantial intracellular ceramide content, hindering efforts to quantify its presence in particular membranes. Recently, we have developed the first method capable of detecting and quantifying ceramide in the plasma membrane, leading to unexpected results such as detecting different pools of ceramide responding to drug concentration or time. This review summarizes the historical context that defined the idea of pools of ceramide, the studies on plasma membrane ceramide as a bioactive entity, and the tools available for its study, especially the new method to detect and, for the first time, quantify plasma membrane ceramide. We believe this method will open new avenues for researching sphingolipid signaling and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Canals
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Issleny BM, Jamjoum R, Majumder S, Stiban J. Sphingolipids: From structural components to signaling hubs. Enzymes 2023; 54:171-201. [PMID: 37945171 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In late November 2019, Prof. Lina M. Obeid passed away from cancer, a disease she spent her life researching and studying its intricate molecular underpinnings. Along with her husband, Prof. Yusuf A. Hannun, Obeid laid down the foundations of sphingolipid biochemistry and oversaw its remarkable evolution over the years. Lipids are a class of macromolecules that are primarily associated with cellular architecture. In fact, lipids constitute the perimeter of the cell in such a way that without them, there cannot be cells. Hence, much of the early research on lipids identified the function of this class of biological molecules as merely structural. Nevertheless, unlike proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, lipids are elaborately diverse as they are not made up of monomers in polymeric forms. This diversity in structure is clearly mirrored by functional pleiotropy. In this chapter, we focus on a major subset of lipids, sphingolipids, and explore their historic rise from merely inert structural components of plasma membranes to lively and necessary signaling molecules that transmit various signals and control many cellular processes. We will emphasize the works of Lina Obeid since she was an integral pillar of the sphingolipid research world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batoul M Issleny
- Department of Pharmacy, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestine
| | - Rama Jamjoum
- Department of Pharmacy, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestine
| | | | - Johnny Stiban
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestine.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
SenthilKumar G, Katunaric B, Zirgibel Z, Lindemer B, Jaramillo-Torres MJ, Bordas-Murphy H, Schulz ME, Pearson PJ, Freed JK. Necessary Role of Acute Ceramide Formation in The Human Microvascular Endothelium During Health and Disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.02.543341. [PMID: 37333082 PMCID: PMC10274701 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.02.543341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Elevated plasma ceramides independently predict adverse cardiac events and we have previously shown that exposure to exogenous ceramide induces microvascular endothelial dysfunction in arterioles from otherwise healthy adults (0-1 risk factors for heart disease). However, evidence also suggests that activation of the shear-sensitive, ceramide forming enzyme neutral sphingomyelinase (NSmase) enhances vasoprotective nitric oxide (NO) production. Here we explore a novel hypothesis that acute ceramide formation through NSmase is necessary for maintaining NO signaling within the human microvascular endothelium. We further define the mechanism through which ceramide exerts beneficial effects and discern key mechanistic differences between arterioles from otherwise healthy adults and patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Human arterioles were dissected from otherwise discarded surgical adipose tissue (n=123), and vascular reactivity to flow and C2-ceramide was assessed. Shear-induced NO production was measured in arterioles using fluorescence microscopy. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) fluorescence was assessed in isolated human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Results Inhibition of NSmase in arterioles from otherwise healthy adults induced a switch from NO to H2O2-mediated flow-induced dilation within 30 minutes. In endothelial cells, NSmase inhibition acutely increased H2O2 production. Endothelial dysfunction in both models was prevented by treatment with C2-ceramide, S1P, and an agonist of S1P-receptor 1 (S1PR1), while the inhibition of S1P/S1PR1 signaling axis induced endothelial dysfunction. Ceramide increased NO production in arterioles from healthy adults, an effect that was diminished with inhibition of S1P/S1PR1/S1PR3 signaling. In arterioles from patients with CAD, inhibition of NSmase impaired dilation to flow. This effect was not restored with exogenous S1P. Although, inhibition of S1P/S1PR3 signaling impaired normal dilation to flow. Acute ceramide administration to arterioles from patients with CAD also promoted H2O2 as opposed to NO production, an effect dependent on S1PR3 signaling. Conclusion These data suggest that despite key differences in downstream signaling between health and disease, acute NSmase-mediated ceramide formation and its subsequent conversion to S1P is necessary for proper functioning of the human microvascular endothelium. As such, therapeutic strategies that aim to significantly lower ceramide formation may prove detrimental to the microvasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopika SenthilKumar
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Cardiovasular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | - Zachary Zirgibel
- Cardiovasular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Brian Lindemer
- Cardiovasular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Maria J. Jaramillo-Torres
- Cardiovasular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Henry Bordas-Murphy
- Cardiovasular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Mary E. Schulz
- Cardiovasular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Paul J. Pearson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Julie K. Freed
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Cardiovasular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Z, Gao Y, Cao Y, He F, Jiang R, Liu H, Cai H, Zan T. Extracellular RNA in melanoma: Advances, challenges, and opportunities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1141543. [PMID: 37215082 PMCID: PMC10192583 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1141543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, a malignant mass lesion that originates in melanocytes and has a high rate of malignancy, metastasis, and mortality, is defined by these characteristics. Malignant melanoma is a kind of highly malignant tumor that produces melanin and has a high mortality rate. Its incidence accounts for 1%-3% of all malignant tumors and shows an obvious upward trend. The discovery of biomolecules for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant melanoma has important application value. So far, the exact molecular mechanism of melanoma development relevant signal pathway still remains unclear. According to previous studies, extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) have been implicated in tumorigenesis and spread of melanoma. They can influence the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of melanoma by controlling the expression of target genes and can also influence tumor progression by participating in signal transduction mechanisms. Therefore, understanding the relationship between exRNA and malignant melanoma and targeting therapy is of positive significance for its prevention and treatment. In this review, we did an analysis of extracellular vesicles of melanoma which focused on the role of exRNAs (lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs) and identifies several potential therapeutic targets. In addition, we discuss the typical signaling pathways involved in exRNAs, advances in exRNA detection and how they affect the tumor immune microenvironment in melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouxiao Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyang Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifan He
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runyi Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Spinal Tumor Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanyuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongzhou Cai
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Structural diversity of photoswitchable sphingolipids for optodynamic control of lipid microdomains. Biophys J 2023:S0006-3495(23)00135-2. [PMID: 36869591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a structurally diverse class of lipids predominantly found in the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. These lipids can laterally segregate with other rigid lipids and cholesterol into liquid-ordered domains that act as organizing centers within biomembranes. Owing the vital role of sphingolipids for lipid segregation, controlling their lateral organization is of utmost significance. Hence, we made use of the light-induced trans-cis isomerization of azobenzene-modified acyl chains to develop a set of photoswitchable sphingolipids with different headgroups (hydroxyl, galactosyl, phosphocholine) and backbones (sphingosine, phytosphingosine, tetrahydropyran-blocked sphingosine) that are able to shuttle between liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered regions of model membranes upon irradiation with UV-A (λ = 365 nm) and blue (λ = 470 nm) light, respectively. Using combined high-speed atomic force microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and force spectroscopy, we investigated how these active sphingolipids laterally remodel supported bilayers upon photoisomerization, notably in terms of domain area changes, height mismatch, line tension, and membrane piercing. Hereby, we show that the sphingosine-based (Azo-β-Gal-Cer, Azo-SM, Azo-Cer) and phytosphingosine-based (Azo-α-Gal-PhCer, Azo-PhCer) photoswitchable lipids promote a reduction in liquid-ordered microdomain area when in the UV-adapted cis-isoform. In contrast, azo-sphingolipids having tetrahydropyran groups that block H-bonding at the sphingosine backbone (lipids named Azo-THP-SM, Azo-THP-Cer) induce an increase in the liquid-ordered domain area when in cis, accompanied by a major rise in height mismatch and line tension. These changes were fully reversible upon blue light-triggered isomerization of the various lipids back to trans, pinpointing the role of interfacial interactions for the formation of stable liquid-ordered domains.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nanoscale Bending Dynamics in Mixed-Chain Lipid Membranes. Symmetry (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/sym15010191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids that have two tails of different lengths are found throughout biomembranes in nature, yet the effects of this asymmetry on the membrane properties are not well understood, especially when it comes to the membrane dynamics. Here we study the nanoscale bending fluctuations in model mixed-chain 14:0–18:0 PC (MSPC) and 18:0–14:0 PC (SMPC) lipid bilayers using neutron spin echo (NSE) spectroscopy. We find that despite the partial interdigitation that is known to persist in the fluid phase of these membranes, the collective fluctuations are enhanced on timescales of tens of nanoseconds, and the chain-asymmetric lipid bilayers are softer than an analogous chain-symmetric lipid bilayer with the same average number of carbons in the acyl tails, di-16:0 PC (DPPC). Quantitative comparison of the NSE results suggests that the enhanced bending fluctuations at the nanosecond timescales are consistent with experimental and computational studies that showed the compressibility moduli of chain-asymmetric lipid membranes are 20% to 40% lower than chain-symmetric lipid membranes. These studies add to growing evidence that the partial interdigitation in mixed-chain lipid membranes is highly dynamic in the fluid phase and impacts membrane dynamic processes from the molecular to mesoscopic length scales without significantly changing the bilayer thickness or area per lipid.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang D, Li M, Li J, Fang Y, Zhang Z. Synthesis of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2 H)-one derivatives and their antioomycete activity against the phytopathogen Pythium recalcitrans†. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10523-10541. [PMID: 37021099 PMCID: PMC10068754 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00855j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to exploit the bioactive natural scaffold 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one for plant disease management, 59 derivatives of this scaffold were synthesized using the Castagnoli–Cushman reaction. The results of bioassay indicated that their antioomycete activity against Pythium recalcitrans was superior to the antifungal activity against the other 6 phytopathogens. Compound I23 showed the highest in vitro potency against P. recalcitrans with an EC50 value of 14 μM, which was higher than that of the commercial hymexazol (37.7 μM). Moreover, I23 exhibited in vivo preventive efficacy of 75.4% at the dose of 2.0 mg/pot, which did not show significant differences compared with those of hymexazol treatments (63.9%). When the dose was 5.0 mg per pot, I23 achieved a preventive efficacy of 96.5%. The results of the physiological and biochemical analysis, the ultrastructural observation and lipidomics analysis suggested that the mode of action of I23 might be the disruption of the biological membrane systems of P. recalcitrans. In addition, the established CoMFA and CoMSIA models with reasonable statistics in the three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study revealed the necessity of the C4-carboxyl group and other structural requirements for activity. Overall, the above results would help us to better understand the mode of action and the SAR of these derivatives, and provide crucial information for further design and development of more potent 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one derivatives as antioomycete agents against P. recalcitrans. A collection of 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-one derivatives were synthesized by Castagnoli–Cushman reaction to screen antioomycete agents against Pythium recalcitrans.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China
| | - Yali Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China
| | - Zhijia Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang D, Tang Y, Wang Z. Role of sphingolipid metabolites in the homeostasis of steroid hormones and the maintenance of testicular functions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1170023. [PMID: 37008929 PMCID: PMC10065405 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1170023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the acceleration of life pace and the increase of work pressure, the problem of male infertility has become a social problem of general concern. Sphingolipids are important regulators of many cellular processes like cell differentiation and apoptosis, which are ubiquitously expressed in all mammalian cells. Various sphingolipid catabolic enzymes can generate multiple sphingolipids like sphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingomyelin. Present studies have already demonstrated the role of steroid hormones in the physiological processes of reproduction and development through hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis, while recent researches also found not only sphingolipids can modulate steroid hormone secretion, but also steroid hormones can control sphingolipid metabolites, indicating the role of sphingolipid metabolites in the homeostasis of steroid hormones. Furthermore, sphingolipid metabolites not only contribute to the regulation of gametogenesis, but also mediate damage-induced germ apoptosis, implying the role of sphingolipid metabolites in the maintenance of testicular functions. Together, sphingolipid metabolites are involved in impaired gonadal function and infertility in males, and further understanding of these bioactive sphingolipids will help us develop new therapeutics for male infertility in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Defan Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yedong Tang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dr. Zhengchao Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Asfia S, Seemann R, Fleury JB. Phospholipids diffusion on the surface of model lipid droplets. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184074. [PMID: 36283490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) are organelles localized in the membrane of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) that play an important role in metabolic functions. They consist of a core of neutral lipids surrounded by a monolayer of phosphoplipids and proteins resembling an oil-in-water emulsion droplet. Many studies have focused on the biophysical properties of these LDs. However, despite numerous efforts, we are lacking information on the mobility of phospholipids on the LDs surface, although they may play a key role in the protein distribution. In this article, we developed a microfluidic setup that allows the formation of a triolein-buffer interface decorated with a phospholipid monolayer. Using this setup, we measured the motility of phospholipid molecules by performing Fluorescent Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) experiments for different lipidic compositions. The results of the FRAP measurements reveal that the motility of phospholipids is controlled by the monolayer packing decorating the interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shima Asfia
- Universitüt des Saarlandes, Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ralf Seemann
- Universitüt des Saarlandes, Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fleury
- Universitüt des Saarlandes, Experimental Physics and Center for Biophysics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bieniawski MA, Stevens KLP, Witham CM, Steuart RFL, Bankaitis VA, Mousley CJ. Diverse Sphingolipid Species Harbor Different Effects on Ire1 Clustering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012130. [PMID: 36293008 PMCID: PMC9602660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function is dedicated to multiple essential processes in eukaryotes, including the processing of secretory proteins and the biogenesis of most membrane lipids. These roles implicate a heavy burden to the organelle, and it is thus prone to fluctuations in the homeostasis of molecules which govern these processes. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a general ER stress response tasked with maintaining the ER for optimal function, mediated by the master activator Ire1. Ire1 is an ER transmembrane protein that initiates the UPR, forming characteristic oligomers in response to irregularities in luminal protein folding and in the membrane lipid environment. The role of lipids in regulating the UPR remains relatively obscure; however, recent research has revealed a potent role for sphingolipids in its activity. Here, we identify a major role for the oxysterol-binding protein Kes1, whose activity is of consequence to the sphingolipid profile in cells resulting in an inhibition of UPR activity. Using an mCherry-tagged derivative of Ire1, we observe that this occurs due to inhibition of Ire1 to form oligomers. Furthermore, we identify that a sphingolipid presence is required for Ire1 activity, and that specific sphingolipid profiles are of major consequence to Ire1 function. In addition, we highlight cases where Ire1 oligomerization is absent despite an active UPR, revealing a potential mechanism for UPR induction where Ire1 oligomerization is not necessary. This work provides a basis for the role of sphingolipids in controlling the UPR, where their metabolism harbors a crucial role in regulating its onset.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Bieniawski
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Kofi L. P. Stevens
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Christopher M. Witham
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Robert F. L. Steuart
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Vytas A. Bankaitis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA
| | - Carl J. Mousley
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Morita H, Akao S. The effect of soil sample size, for practical DNA extraction, on soil microbial diversity in different taxonomic ranks. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260121. [PMID: 34793564 PMCID: PMC8601499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the optimal soil sample size for microbial community structure analysis, DNA extraction, microbial composition analysis, and diversity assessments were performed using soil sample sizes of 0.2, 1, and 5 g. This study focused on the relationship between soil amount and DNA extraction container volume and the alteration in microbial composition at different taxonomic ranks (order, class, and phylum). Horizontal (0.2 and 1 g) and vertical (5 g) shaking were applied during DNA extraction for practical use in a small laboratory. In the case of the 5 g soil sample, DNA extraction efficiency and the value of α-diversity index fluctuated severely, possibly because of vertical shaking. Regarding the 0.2 and 1 g soil samples, the number of taxa, Shannon–Wiener index, and Bray–Curtis dissimilarity were stable and had approximately the same values at each taxonomic rank. However, non-metric multidimensional scaling showed that the microbial compositions of these two sample sizes were different. The higher relative abundance of taxa in the case of the 0.2 g soil sample might indicate that cell wall compositions differentiated the microbial community structures in these two sample sizes due to high shear stress tolerance. The soil sample size and tube volume affected the estimated microbial community structure. A soil sample size of 0.2 g would be preferable to the other sample sizes because of the possible higher shearing force for DNA extraction and lower experimental costs due to smaller amounts of consumables. When the taxonomic rank was changed from order to phylum, some minor taxa identified at the order rank were integrated into major taxa at the phylum rank. The integration affected the value of the β-diversity index; therefore, the microbial community structure analysis, reproducibility of structures, diversity assessment, and detection of minor taxa would be influenced by the taxonomic rank applied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Morita
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Akao
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sessa L, Nardiello AM, Santoro J, Concilio S, Piotto S. Hydroxylated Fatty Acids: The Role of the Sphingomyelin Synthase and the Origin of Selectivity. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100787. [PMID: 34677553 PMCID: PMC8539438 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a class of lipids acting as key modulators of many physiological and pathophysiological processes. Hydroxylation patterns have a major influence on the biophysical properties of sphingolipids. In this work, we have studied the mechanism of action of hydroxylated lipids in sphingomyelin synthase (SMS). The structures of the two human isoforms, SMS1 and SMS2, have been generated through neural network supported homology. Furthermore, we have elucidated the reaction mechanism that allows SMS to recover the choline head from a phosphocholine (PC) and transfer it to ceramide, and we have clarified the role of the hydroxyl group in the interaction with the enzyme. Finally, the effect of partial inhibition of SMS on the levels of PC and sphingomyelin was calculated for different rate constants solving ordinary differential equation systems.
Collapse
|
15
|
Al Qtaish N, Gallego I, Villate-Beitia I, Sainz-Ramos M, Martínez-Navarrete G, Soto-Sánchez C, Fernández E, Gálvez-Martín P, Lopez-Mendez TB, Puras G, Luis Pedraz J. Sphingolipid extracts enhance gene delivery of cationic lipid vesicles into retina and brain. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 169:103-112. [PMID: 34606927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate relevant biophysic processes related to the physicochemical features and gene transfection mechanism when sphingolipids are incorporated into a cationic niosome formulation for non-viral gene delivery to central nervous system. For that, two formulations named niosphingosomes and niosomes devoid of sphingolipid extracts, as control, were developed by the oil-in water emulsion technique. Both formulations and the corresponding complexes, obtained upon the addition of the reporter EGFP plasmid, were physicochemically and biologically characterized and evaluated. Compared to niosomes, niosphingosomes, and the corresponding complexes decreased particle size and increased superficial charge. Although there were not significant differences in the cellular uptake, cell viability and transfection efficiency increased when human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells were exposed to niosphingoplexes. Endocytosis via caveolae decreased in the case of niosphingoplexes, which showed higher co-localization with lysosomal compartment, and endosomal escape properties. Moreover, niosphingoplexes transfected not only primary central nervous system cells, but also different cells in mouse retina, depending on the administration route, and brain cortex. These preliminary results suggest that niosphingosomes represent a promising non-viral vector formulation purposed for the treatment of both retinal and brain diseases by gene therapy approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuseibah Al Qtaish
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Idoia Gallego
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Ilia Villate-Beitia
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Myriam Sainz-Ramos
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Gema Martínez-Navarrete
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Cristina Soto-Sánchez
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Neuroprothesis and Neuroengineering Research Group, Institute of Bioengineering, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad, 03202 Elche, Spain.
| | | | - Tania B Lopez-Mendez
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Gustavo Puras
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Research Group, Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Calle José Achotegui s/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lee H, Choi SQ. Sphingomyelinase-Mediated Multitimescale Clustering of Ganglioside GM1 in Heterogeneous Lipid Membranes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101766. [PMID: 34473415 PMCID: PMC8529493 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Several signaling processes in the plasma membrane are intensified by ceramides that are formed by sphingomyelinase-mediated hydrolysis of sphingomyelin. These ceramides trigger clustering of signaling-related biomolecules, but how they concentrate such biomolecules remains unclear. Here, the spatiotemporal localization of ganglioside GM1, a glycolipid receptor involved in signaling, during sphingomyelinase-mediated hydrolysis is described. Real-time visualization of the dynamic remodeling of the heterogeneous lipid membrane that occurs due to sphingomyelinase action is used to examine GM1 clustering, and unexpectedly, it is found that it is more complex than previously thought. Specifically, lipid membranes generate two distinct types of condensed GM1: 1) rapidly formed but short-lived GM1 clusters that are formed in ceramide-rich domains nucleated from the liquid-disordered phase; and 2) late-onset yet long-lasting, high-density GM1 clusters that are formed in the liquid-ordered phase. These findings suggest that multiple pathways exist in a plasma membrane to synergistically facilitate the rapid amplification and persistence of signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun‐Ro Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Siyoung Q. Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for the NanoCenturyKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zakharova OV, Mastalygina EE, Golokhvast KS, Gusev AA. Graphene Nanoribbons: Prospects of Application in Biomedicine and Toxicity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2425. [PMID: 34578739 PMCID: PMC8469389 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene nanoribbons are a type of graphene characterized by remarkable electrical and mechanical properties. This review considers the prospects for the application of graphene ribbons in biomedicine, taking into account safety aspects. According to the analysis of the recent studies, the topical areas of using graphene nanoribbons include mechanical, chemical, photo- and acoustic sensors, devices for the direct sequencing of biological macromolecules, including DNA, gene and drug delivery vehicles, and tissue engineering. There is evidence of good biocompatibility of graphene nanoribbons with human cell lines, but a number of researchers have revealed toxic effects, including cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Moreover, the damaging effects of nanoribbons are often higher than those of chemical analogs, for instance, graphene oxide nanoplates. The possible mechanism of toxicity is the ability of graphene nanoribbons to damage the cell membrane mechanically, stimulate reactive oxidative stress (ROS) production, autophagy, and inhibition of proliferation, as well as apoptosis induction, DNA fragmentation, and the formation of chromosomal aberrations. At the same time, the biodegradability of graphene nanoribbons under the environmental factors has been proven. In general, this review allows us to conclude that graphene nanoribbons, as components of high-precision nanodevices and therapeutic agents, have significant potential for biomedical applications; however, additional studies of their safety are needed. Particular emphasis should be placed on the lack of information about the effect of graphene nanoribbons on the organism as a whole obtained from in vivo experiments, as well as about their ecological toxicity, accumulation, migration, and destruction within ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Zakharova
- Research Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 33 Internatsionalnaya St., 392000 Tambov, Russia;
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny Lane 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4 Leninskiy prospekt, 119049 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena E. Mastalygina
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny Lane 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Physics-Chemistry of Synthetic and Natural Polymers Composites, Institute of Biochemical Physics Named after N.M. Emanuel RAS (IBCP RAS), Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill S. Golokhvast
- Polytechnical Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova 8, 690950 Vladivostok, Russia;
- Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnology RAS, Centralnaya 2B, 630501 Krasnoobsk, Russia
- Pacific Geographical Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Radio 7, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Gusev
- Research Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, 33 Internatsionalnaya St., 392000 Tambov, Russia;
- Engineering Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Stremyanny Lane 36, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
- Research Educational Center Sustainable Development of the Forest Complex, Voronezh State Forestry University Named after G F Morozov, 394087 Voronezh, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu NJ, Hou LP, Bao JJ, Wang LJ, Chen XY. Sphingolipid metabolism, transport, and functions in plants: Recent progress and future perspectives. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100214. [PMID: 34746760 PMCID: PMC8553973 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, which comprise membrane systems together with other lipids, are ubiquitous in cellular organisms. They show a high degree of diversity across plant species and vary in their structures, properties, and functions. Benefiting from the development of lipidomic techniques, over 300 plant sphingolipids have been identified. Generally divided into free long-chain bases (LCBs), ceramides, glycosylceramides (GlcCers) and glycosyl inositol phosphoceramides (GIPCs), plant sphingolipids exhibit organized aggregation within lipid membranes to form raft domains with sterols. Accumulating evidence has revealed that sphingolipids obey certain trafficking and distribution rules and confer unique properties to membranes. Functional studies using sphingolipid biosynthetic mutants demonstrate that sphingolipids participate in plant developmental regulation, stimulus sensing, and stress responses. Here, we present an updated metabolism/degradation map and summarize the structures of plant sphingolipids, review recent progress in understanding the functions of sphingolipids in plant development and stress responses, and review sphingolipid distribution and trafficking in plant cells. We also highlight some important challenges and issues that we may face during the process of studying sphingolipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Li-Pan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing-Jing Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ling-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences/Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fenglin Road 300, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Synthetic probes and chemical tools in sphingolipid research. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 65:126-135. [PMID: 34509716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are a unique class of nitrogen-linked lipids that are involved in membrane structure, cell signaling, and other important cellular processes. Abnormal sphingolipid metabolism is observed in several diseases including cancer, diabetes, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's. However, the direct study of SLs has been hampered by their ubiquitous presence in cells and their complex metabolism. In the past few decades, efforts have been focused on creating synthetic probes and chemical tools to study SLs and decipher their roles in cellular biology. In this brief perspective, we seek to provide a concise snapshot of recently developed state-of-the-art chemical tools in SL research and the challenges that can be addressed through further development of SL probes.
Collapse
|
20
|
Dingjan T, Futerman AH. The role of the 'sphingoid motif' in shaping the molecular interactions of sphingolipids in biomembranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183701. [PMID: 34302797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids can be differentiated from other membrane lipids by the distinctive chemistry of the sphingoid long chain base (LCB), which is generated by the condensation of an amino acid (normally but not always serine) and a fatty acyl CoA (normally palmitoyl CoA) by the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT). The first five carbon atoms of the sphingoid LCB, herein defined as the 'sphingoid motif', are largely responsible for the unique chemical and biophysical properties of sphingolipids since they can undergo a relatively large number (compared to other lipid species) of molecular interactions with other membrane lipids, via hydrogen-bonding, charge-pairing, hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions. These interactions are responsible, for instance, for the association of sphingolipids with cholesterol in the membrane lipid bilayer. Here, we discuss some of the unique properties of this sphingoid motif, and in addition to outlining how this structural motif drives intra-bilayer interactions, discuss the atomic details of the interactions with two critical players in the biosynthetic pathway, namely SPT, and the ceramide transport protein, CERT. In the former, the selectivity of sphingolipid synthesis relies on a hydrogen bond interaction between Lys379 of SPTLC2 and the l-serine sidechain hydroxyl moiety. In the latter, the entire sphingoid motif is stereoselectively recognized by a hydrogen-bonding network involving all three sphingoid motif heteroatoms. The remarkable selectivity of these interactions, and the subtle means by which these interactions are modified and regulated in eukaryotic cells raises a number of challenging questions about the generation of these proteins, and of their interactions with the sphingoid motif in evolutionary history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Silin VI, Hoogerheide DP. pH dependent electrical properties of the inner- and outer- leaflets of biomimetic cell membranes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 594:279-289. [PMID: 33765647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Composition and asymmetry of lipid membranes provide a means for regulation of trans-membrane permeability of ions and small molecules. The pH dependence of these processes plays an important role in the functioning and survival of cells. In this work, we study the pH dependence of membrane electrical resistance and capacitance using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and neutron reflectometry (NR) measurements of biomimetic tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs). tBLMs were prepared with single-component phospholipid compositions, as well as mixtures of phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin and cholesterol) that mimic the inner- and outer- leaflets of plasma cell membranes. We found that all studied tBLMs have a resistance maximum at pHs near the pKas of the phospholipids. SPR and NR indicated that surface concentration of phospholipids and the thickness of the hydrophobic part of the membrane did not change versus pH. We postulate that these maxima are the result of protonation of the phosphate oxygen of the phospholipids and that hydronium ions play a major role in the conductance at pHs < pKas while sodium ions play the major role at pHs > pKas. An additional sharp resistance maximum of the PE tBLMs found at pH 5.9 and most likely represents the phosphatidylethanolamine's isoelectric point. The data show the key roles of the characteristic parts of phospholipid molecules: terminal group (choline, carboxyl, amine), phosphate, glycerol and ester oxygens on the permeability and selectivity of ions through the membrane. The interactions between these groups lead to significant differences in the electrical properties of biomimetic models of inner- and outer- leaflets of the plasma cell membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii I Silin
- University of Maryland, Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville MD 20850, USA.
| | - David P Hoogerheide
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Miyazaki R, Nargis M, Ihsan AB, Nakajima N, Hamada M, Koyama Y. Effects of Glycon and Temperature on Self-Assembly Behaviors of α-Galactosyl Ceramide in Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7936-7944. [PMID: 34161093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
α-Galactosyl ceramide (GalCer) is an anticancer glycolipid consisting of d-galactose and phytosphingosine-based ceramide. Although the amphiphilic structure of GalCer is expected to form self-associates in water, the self-assembly behaviors of GalCer and its derivatives have not been systematically investigated at this moment in spite of its great importance. The evaluation of morphologies and properties of the associates should open new insights into glycolipid chemistry such as the application of GalCer derivatives to a nanocarrier and the elucidation of the detailed pharmacological mechanism of GalCer. Herein, we show the synthesis of the aglycon fragment (Aglycon) of GalCer and the self-assembly behaviors of both GalCer and Aglycon in water. The critical aggregation concentrations of Aglycon and GalCer were determined using UV-vis spectral measurements at various concentrations. The transmission electron microscopy observations of the aqueous sample solutions indicated that the solution of GalCer includes vesicles, while that of Aglycon comprises giant micelles in the absence of vesicles. The vesicle formation in the solution of GalCer was also confirmed by Triton X-100-triggered dye-release experiments. To reveal the effects of glycon on the self-assembly behaviors in detail, we performed the measurements of dynamic light scattering, temperature-dependence of turbidity, differential scanning calorimetry, and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The results clarify that the glycon moiety of GalCer has a significant role in the formation inhibition of second associates and the plasticization of the hydrophobe. This work will shed light on the other natural glycosides to evaluate the self-assembly behaviors for supramolecular and pharmacological applications in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Miyazaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Mahmuda Nargis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Abu Bin Ihsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hamada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Koyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
D'Ugo E, Bertuccini L, Spadaro F, Giuseppetti R, Iosi F, Santavenere F, Giuliani F, Gricia M, Rodomonte A, Lovecchio N, Mukherjee A, Bucci P, Bruno M, Stellacci E, Bernardo A, Magurano F. Electrogenic and hydrocarbonoclastic biofilm at the oil-water interface as microbial responses to oil spill. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 197:117092. [PMID: 33831774 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The oil-water interface formed during an oil spill represents a challenging environment for pelagic communities living in aquatic ecosystems. At this anoxic barrier, we report the formation of a microbial hydrocarbonoclastic biofilm capable of electron transfer along the water column. This biofilm generated a membrane of surface-active compounds that allowed the spontaneous separation of electrical charges, causing the establishment of an anodic and a cathodic region and, as a result, the spontaneous creation of a liquid microbial fuel cell. Such floating biofilm was connected to the water column underneath by floating filaments that could contribute to oxygen reduction at distance. The filaments revealed an unusual lipid content induced by anoxic conditions, with prominent ultrastructural features similar to myelin found in oligodendrocytes of the vertebrate nervous system. Furthermore, these filaments showed an interesting cross-reactivity towards different epitopes of the myelin basic protein (MBP) and Claudin 11 (O4) of human oligodendrocytes. The presence of a network of filaments similar to myelin suggests the probable existence of evolutionary connections between very distant organisms. Collectively these results suggest a possible mechanism for how lake microbial communities can adapt to oil spills while offering an interesting starting point for technological developments of liquid microbial fuel cells related to the study of hydrocarbon-water interfaces. The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in figshare at https://figshare.com/s/72bc73ae14011dc7920d.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilio D'Ugo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Roberto Giuseppetti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Iosi
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Santavenere
- National Center for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fausto Giuliani
- National Center for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Gricia
- National Center for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Rodomonte
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Lovecchio
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arghya Mukherjee
- Centre for Genetic Engineering and the Department of Biotechnology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Paola Bucci
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Milena Bruno
- Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Stellacci
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Bernardo
- National Center for Research and Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Magurano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Alemán A, Pérez-García S, Fernández de Palencia P, Montero MP, Gómez-Guillén MDC. Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Rapeseed Lecithin Liposomes Loading a Chia ( Salvia hispanica L.) Seed Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050693. [PMID: 33924836 PMCID: PMC8145232 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetal waste materials were used to produce liposomes with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Differences in the chemical composition of rapeseed lecithin (LEC) and a partially purified phospholipid fraction (PPL) were studied in terms of fatty acids (neutral lipids, free fatty acids, and phospholipids), sterols, tocopherols, and amino acid composition. Neutral lipids, campesterol, β-sitosterol, and γ-tocopherol were the most depleted compounds in PPL. Qualitative differences between LEC and PPL were revealed by infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. An ethanol/water antioxidant extract from chia seeds (ChE), with a high content in rosmarinic acid and rosmarinic acid 3-O-glucoside, along with other minor phenolic acids determined by HPLC-MS, was encapsulated in liposomes made of LEC (L-LEC) and PPL (L-PPL) with an entrapment efficiency of 61.3% and 69.3%, respectively. L-PPL suspensions showed smaller particle size and lower ζ potential than their L-LEC counterparts, along with noticeable particle destabilization after 7 days of storage. Antioxidant properties were greater in L-LEC than in L-PPL suspensions. L-LEC, ChE, and lecithin empty liposomes (L-E) showed no cytotoxic effect in either Caco-2 or THP-1 cells and induced downregulation of the inflammation response.
Collapse
|
25
|
Nilam M, Collin S, Karmacharya S, Hennig A, Nau WM. Membrane Permeability and Its Activation Energies in Dependence on Analyte, Lipid, and Phase Type Obtained by the Fluorescent Artificial Receptor Membrane Assay. ACS Sens 2021; 6:175-182. [PMID: 33347764 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved monitoring of the permeability of analytes is of utmost importance in membrane research. Existing methods are restricted to single-point determinations or flat synthetic membranes, limiting access to biologically relevant kinetic parameters (permeation rate constant, permeation coefficients). We now use the recently introduced fluorescent artificial receptor membrane assay (FARMA) as a method to monitor, in real time, the permeation of indole derivatives through liposomal membranes of different lipid compositions. This method is based on the liposomal encapsulation of a chemosensing ensemble or "fluorescent artificial receptor", consisting of 2,7-dimethyldiazapyrenium as a fluorescent dye and cucurbit[8]uril as the macrocyclic receptor, that responds to the complexation of a permeating aromatic analyte by fluorescence quenching. FARMA does not require a fluorescent labeling of the analytes and allows access to permeability coefficients in the range from 10-8 to 10-4 cm s-1. The effect of temperature on the permeation rate of a series of indole derivatives across the phospholipid membranes was studied. The activation energies for permeation through POPC/POPS phospholipid membranes were in the range of 28-96 kJ mol-1. To study the effect of different lipid phases on the membrane permeability, we performed experiments with DPPC/DOPS vesicles, which showed a phase transition from a gel phase to a liquid-crystalline phase, where the activation energies for the permeation process were expected to show a dramatic change. Accordingly, for the permeation of the indole derivatives into the DPPC/DOPS liposomes, discontinuities were observed in the Arrhenius plots, from which the permeation activation energies for the distinct phases could be determined, for example, for tryptamine 245 kJ mol-1 in the gel phase and 47 kJ mol-1 in the liquid-crystalline phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Nilam
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 7, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Solène Collin
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Shreya Karmacharya
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hennig
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry of New Materials, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastraße 7, 49069 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Werner M. Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yi Y, Lin Y, Han J, Lee HJ, Park N, Nam G, Park YS, Lee YH, Lim MH. Impact of sphingosine and acetylsphingosines on the aggregation and toxicity of metal-free and metal-treated amyloid-β. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2456-2466. [PMID: 34164011 PMCID: PMC8179336 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04366d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiological shifts in the cerebral levels of sphingolipids in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients suggest a link between sphingolipid metabolism and the disease pathology. Sphingosine (SP), a structural backbone of sphingolipids, is an amphiphilic molecule that is able to undergo aggregation into micelles and micellar aggregates. Considering its structural properties and cellular localization, we hypothesized that SP potentially interacts with amyloid-β (Aβ) and metal ions that are found as pathological components in AD-affected brains, with manifesting its reactivity towards metal-free Aβ and metal-bound Aβ (metal–Aβ). Herein, we report, for the first time, that SP is capable of interacting with both Aβ and metal ions and consequently affects the aggregation of metal-free Aβ and metal–Aβ. Moreover, incubation of SP with Aβ in the absence and presence of metal ions results in the aggravation of toxicity induced by metal-free Aβ and metal–Aβ in living cells. As the simplest acyl derivatives of SP, N-acetylsphingosine and 3-O-acetylsphingosine also influence metal-free Aβ and metal–Aβ aggregation to different degrees, compared to SP. Such slight structural modifications of SP neutralize its ability to exacerbate the cytotoxicity triggered by metal-free Aβ and metal–Aβ. Notably, the reactivity of SP and the acetylsphingosines towards metal-free Aβ and metal–Aβ is determined to be dependent on their formation of micelles and micellar aggregates. Our overall studies demonstrate that SP and its derivatives could directly interact with pathological factors in AD and modify their pathogenic properties at concentrations below and above critical aggregation concentrations. The reactivity of sphingosine and acetylsphingosines towards both metal-free and metal-treated amyloid-β is demonstrated showing a correlation of their micellization properties.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yelim Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Research Center of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) Ochang Chungbuk 28119 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University Gongju 32588 Republic of Korea
| | - Nahye Park
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Young S Park
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Lee
- Research Center of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) Ochang Chungbuk 28119 Republic of Korea .,Research Headquarters, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI) Daegu 41068 Republic of Korea.,Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lühr JJ, Alex N, Amon L, Kräter M, Kubánková M, Sezgin E, Lehmann CHK, Heger L, Heidkamp GF, Smith AS, Zaburdaev V, Böckmann RA, Levental I, Dustin ML, Eggeling C, Guck J, Dudziak D. Maturation of Monocyte-Derived DCs Leads to Increased Cellular Stiffness, Higher Membrane Fluidity, and Changed Lipid Composition. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590121. [PMID: 33329576 PMCID: PMC7728921 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. Upon sensing pathogenic material in their environment, DCs start to mature, which includes cellular processes, such as antigen uptake, processing and presentation, as well as upregulation of costimulatory molecules and cytokine secretion. During maturation, DCs detach from peripheral tissues, migrate to the nearest lymph node, and find their way into the correct position in the net of the lymph node microenvironment to meet and interact with the respective T cells. We hypothesize that the maturation of DCs is well prepared and optimized leading to processes that alter various cellular characteristics from mechanics and metabolism to membrane properties. Here, we investigated the mechanical properties of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) using real-time deformability cytometry to measure cytoskeletal changes and found that mature moDCs were stiffer compared to immature moDCs. These cellular changes likely play an important role in the processes of cell migration and T cell activation. As lipids constitute the building blocks of the plasma membrane, which, during maturation, need to adapt to the environment for migration and DC-T cell interaction, we performed an unbiased high-throughput lipidomics screening to identify the lipidome of moDCs. These analyses revealed that the overall lipid composition was significantly changed during moDC maturation, even implying an increase of storage lipids and differences of the relative abundance of membrane lipids upon maturation. Further, metadata analyses demonstrated that lipid changes were associated with the serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol levels in the blood of the donors. Finally, using lipid packing imaging we found that the membrane of mature moDCs revealed a higher fluidity compared to immature moDCs. This comprehensive and quantitative characterization of maturation associated changes in moDCs sets the stage for improving their use in clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J. Lühr
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Nano-Optics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nils Alex
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Amon
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Kräter
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Biological Optomechanics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markéta Kubánková
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Biological Optomechanics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Raddcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian H. K. Lehmann
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Heger
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gordon F. Heidkamp
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, pRED, Munich, Germany
| | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- PULS Group, Department of Physics, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vasily Zaburdaev
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Mathematics in Life Sciences, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer A. Böckmann
- Computational Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ilya Levental
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael L. Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Raddcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technologies e.V., Jena, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
- Biological Optomechanics, Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jiménez-Rojo N, Leonetti MD, Zoni V, Colom A, Feng S, Iyengar NR, Matile S, Roux A, Vanni S, Weissman JS, Riezman H. Conserved Functions of Ether Lipids and Sphingolipids in the Early Secretory Pathway. Curr Biol 2020; 30:3775-3787.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
29
|
Umbaugh DS, Jaeschke H. Extracellular vesicles: Roles and applications in drug-induced liver injury. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 102:63-125. [PMID: 34044913 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are defined as nanosized particles, with a lipid bilayer, that are unable to replicate. There has been an exponential increase of research investigating these particles in a wide array of diseases and deleterious states (inflammation, oxidative stress, drug-induced liver injury) in large part due to increasing recognition of the functional capacity of EVs. Cells can package lipids, proteins, miRNAs, DNA, and RNA into EVs and send these discrete packages of molecular information to distant, recipient cells to alter the physiological state of that cell. EVs are innately heterogeneous as a result of the diverse molecular pathways that are used to generate them. However, this innate heterogeneity of EVs is amplified due to the diversity in isolation techniques and lack of standardized nomenclature in the literature making it unclear if one scientist's "exosome" is another scientist's "microvesicle." One goal of this chapter is to provide the contextual understanding of EV origin so one can discern between divergent nomenclature. Further, the chapter will explore the potential protective and harmful roles that EVs play in DILI, and the potential of EVs and their cargo as a biomarker. The use of EVs as a therapeutic as well as a vector for therapeutic delivery will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David S Umbaugh
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Therapeutic Potential. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8825771. [PMID: 32908543 PMCID: PMC7463378 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8825771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived membrane-bound nanoparticles, which act as shuttles, delivering a range of biomolecules to diverse target cells. They play an important role in maintenance of biophysiological homeostasis and cellular, physiological, and pathological processes. EVs have significant diagnostic and therapeutic potentials and have been studied both in vitro and in vivo in many fields. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with many therapeutic applications and have also gained much attention as prolific producers of EVs. MSC-derived EVs are being explored as a therapeutic alternative to MSCs since they may have similar therapeutic effects but are cell-free. They have applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering and, most importantly, confer several advantages over cells such as lower immunogenicity, capacity to cross biological barriers, and less safety concerns. In this review, we introduce the biogenesis of EVs, including exosomes and microvesicles. We then turn more specifically to investigations of MSC-derived EVs. We highlight the great therapeutic potential of MSC-derived EVs and applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
31
|
The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Glioma Microenvironment: Biogenesis and Clinical Relevance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071964. [PMID: 32707733 PMCID: PMC7409063 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a diverse group of brain tumors comprised of malignant cells ('tumor' cells) and non-malignant 'normal' cells, including neural (neurons, glia), inflammatory (microglia, macrophage) and vascular cells. Tumor heterogeneity arises in part because, within the glioma mass, both 'tumor' and 'normal' cells secrete factors that form a unique microenvironment to influence tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical mediators of intercellular communication between immediate cellular neighbors and distantly located cells in healthy tissues/organs and in tumors, including gliomas. EVs mediate cell-cell signaling as carriers of nucleic acid, lipid and protein cargo, and their content is unique to cell types and physiological states. EVs secreted by non-malignant neural cells have important physiological roles in the healthy brain, which can be altered or co-opted to promote tumor progression and metastasis, acting in combination with glioma-secreted EVs. The cell-type specificity of EV content means that 'vesiculome' data can potentially be used to trace the cell of origin. EVs may also serve as biomarkers to be exploited for disease diagnosis and to assess therapeutic progress. In this review, we discuss how EVs mediate intercellular communication in glioma, and their potential role as biomarkers and readouts of a therapeutic response.
Collapse
|
32
|
Adar T, Shankar Lankalapalli R, Bittman R, Ilan Y. The assembly of glycosphingolipid determines their immunomodulatory effect: A novel method for structure-based design of immunotherapy. Cell Immunol 2020; 355:104157. [PMID: 32659503 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Structure-activity relationships provide insight into the binding interactions of beta-glycosphingolipids (GSLs) with both the TCR and the CD1d molecules, as well as the subsequent immunologic response of regulatory NKT cells. AIM To determine the effects of synthetic GSL structures on their immune modulatory functions. METHODS GSLs of various structures were tested in vitro and in an animal model of Concanavalin A (ConA) immune-mediated hepatitis. RESULTS In vitro, using SV40 binding to live monkey CV1 cells, the l-threo stereoisomer of C8-β-LacCer inhibits caveolar internalization, reducing viral binding to the cell surface. In vivo, in the ConA model, LR172, which has a saturated C8 chain, and LR178, which has a trans double bond at C-2 in the C8 chain, suppressed the immune-mediated liver inflammation and reduced IFNγ levels in a dose dependent manner. The beneficial effects of LR172 and of LR178 are associated with suppression of liver apoptosis, increased phosphorylated STAT3 expression in the liver, and an increase in the NKT liver/spleen ratio. SUMMARY The assembly of GSLs determines their immunomodulatory effect and can serve as a method for structure-based design of immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Adar
- Department of Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ravi Shankar Lankalapalli
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, United States; Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Robert Bittman
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Queens College of the City University of New York, United States
| | - Yaron Ilan
- Department of Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Characterization of lipid composition in the muscle tissue of four shrimp species commonly consumed in China by UPLC−Triple TOF−MS/MS. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
34
|
Gottipati K, Woodson M, Choi KH. Membrane binding and rearrangement by chikungunya virus capping enzyme nsP1. Virology 2020; 544:31-41. [PMID: 32174512 PMCID: PMC7103501 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alphavirus genome replication is carried out by the viral replication complex inside modified membrane structures called spherules. The viral nonstructural protein 1 (nsP1) is the only membrane-associated protein that anchors the replication complex to the cellular membranes. Although an internal amphipathic helix of nsP1 is critical for membrane association, the mechanism of nsP1 interaction with membranes and subsequent membrane reorganization is not well understood. We studied the membrane interaction of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) nsP1 and show that both the CHIKV nsP1 protein and the amphipathic peptide specifically bind to negatively charged phospholipid vesicles. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we further show that nsP1 forms a contiguous coat on lipid vesicles and induces structural reorganization, while the amphipathic peptide alone failed to deform the membrane bilayer. This suggests that although amphipathic helix of nsP1 is required for initial membrane binding, the remaining cytoplasmic domain of nsP1 is involved in the subsequent membrane reorganization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Gottipati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Michael Woodson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kyung H Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cantalupo A, Sasset L, Gargiulo A, Rubinelli L, Del Gaudio I, Benvenuto D, Wadsack C, Jiang XC, Bucci MR, Di Lorenzo A. Endothelial Sphingolipid De Novo Synthesis Controls Blood Pressure by Regulating Signal Transduction and NO via Ceramide. Hypertension 2020; 75:1279-1288. [PMID: 32172624 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ceramides are sphingolipids that modulate a variety of cellular processes via 2 major mechanisms: functioning as second messengers and regulating membrane biophysical properties, particularly lipid rafts, important signaling platforms. Altered sphingolipid levels have been implicated in many cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus-related conditions; however, molecular mechanisms by which ceramides impact endothelial functions remain poorly understood. In this regard, we generated mice defective of endothelial sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis by deleting the Sptlc2 (long chain subunit 2 of serine palmitoyltransferase)-the first enzyme of the pathway. Our study demonstrated that endothelial sphingolipid de novo production is necessary to regulate (1) signal transduction in response to NO agonists and, mainly via ceramides, (2) resting eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) phosphorylation, and (3) blood pressure homeostasis. Specifically, our findings suggest a prevailing role of C16:0-Cer in preserving vasodilation induced by tyrosine kinase and GPCRs (G-protein coupled receptors), except for Gq-coupled receptors, while C24:0- and C24:1-Cer control flow-induced vasodilation. Replenishing C16:0-Cer in vitro and in vivo reinstates endothelial cell signaling and vascular tone regulation. This study reveals an important role of locally produced ceramides, particularly C16:0-, C24:0-, and C24:1-Cer in vascular and blood pressure homeostasis, and establishes the endothelium as a key source of plasma ceramides. Clinically, specific plasma ceramides ratios are independent predictors of major cardiovascular events. Our data also suggest that plasma ceramides might be indicative of the diseased state of the endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cantalupo
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (A.C., L.S., A.G., L.R., I.d.G., D.B., A.D.L.)
| | - Linda Sasset
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (A.C., L.S., A.G., L.R., I.d.G., D.B., A.D.L.)
| | - Antonella Gargiulo
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (A.C., L.S., A.G., L.R., I.d.G., D.B., A.D.L.).,Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy (A.G., M.R.B.)
| | - Luisa Rubinelli
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (A.C., L.S., A.G., L.R., I.d.G., D.B., A.D.L.)
| | - Ilaria Del Gaudio
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (A.C., L.S., A.G., L.R., I.d.G., D.B., A.D.L.).,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (I.d.G., C.W.).,BioTechMed-Graz, Austria (I.d.G., C.W.)
| | - Domenico Benvenuto
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (A.C., L.S., A.G., L.R., I.d.G., D.B., A.D.L.)
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Austria (I.d.G., C.W.).,BioTechMed-Graz, Austria (I.d.G., C.W.)
| | - Xiang-Chen Jiang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn (X.-C.J.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy (A.G., M.R.B.)
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (A.C., L.S., A.G., L.R., I.d.G., D.B., A.D.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Luo X, Meng J, Chen X, Cheng L, Yan S, Gao L, Xue M, Yang Y. Metabolomics-based study reveals the effect of lead (Pb) in the culture environment on Whitmania pigra. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4794. [PMID: 32179862 PMCID: PMC7075881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Whitmania pigra, called Mahuang (MH) in Chinese, has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for many years and is susceptible to Pb exposure in aquaculture environments. To understand the impact of Pb in the culture environment on MHs, we carried out a 50-day culture of MHs in environments with different levels of Pb pollution. Then, tissue samples of MHs reared in the different Pb-polluted environments were collected and analysed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The results showed that the Pb residue in MHs increased with increasing Pb in the culture environment. There was no significant difference in MH Pb content (P < 0.05) between the low-Pb residue group (PbL) and the blank control group (BC), and those of the middle-Pb residue group (PbM) and the high-Pb residue group (PbH) were significantly different from that of the BC group. Metabolomics results showed significant changes in 24 metabolites in the PbL, PbM and PbH groups, some of which were dose-dependent. These metabolites were mainly lipids, nucleotides, and dipeptides, which are involved in metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Overall, the results proved that metabolomics can be an effective tool to understand the effects of Pb on the metabolic responses of MHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieqin Meng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufen Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangke Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaopeng Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Luying Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Xue
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaojun Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lang J, Bohn P, Bhat H, Jastrow H, Walkenfort B, Cansiz F, Fink J, Bauer M, Olszewski D, Ramos-Nascimento A, Duhan V, Friedrich SK, Becker KA, Krawczyk A, Edwards MJ, Burchert A, Huber M, Friebus-Kardash J, Göthert JR, Hardt C, Probst HC, Schumacher F, Köhrer K, Kleuser B, Babiychuk EB, Sodeik B, Seibel J, Greber UF, Lang PA, Gulbins E, Lang KS. Acid ceramidase of macrophages traps herpes simplex virus in multivesicular bodies and protects from severe disease. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1338. [PMID: 32165633 PMCID: PMC7067866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have important protective functions during infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). However, molecular mechanisms that restrict viral propagation and protect from severe disease are unclear. Here we show that macrophages take up HSV-1 via endocytosis and transport the virions into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). In MVBs, acid ceramidase (aCDase) converts ceramide into sphingosine and increases the formation of sphingosine-rich intraluminal vesicles (ILVs). Once HSV-1 particles reach MVBs, sphingosine-rich ILVs bind to HSV-1 particles, which restricts fusion with the limiting endosomal membrane and prevents cellular infection. Lack of aCDase in macrophage cultures or in Asah1-/- mice results in replication of HSV-1 and Asah1-/- mice die soon after systemic or intravaginal inoculation. The treatment of macrophages with sphingosine enhancing compounds blocks HSV-1 propagation, suggesting a therapeutic potential of this pathway. In conclusion, aCDase loads ILVs with sphingosine, which prevents HSV-1 capsids from penetrating into the cytosol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Lang
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Patrick Bohn
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Hilal Bhat
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Holger Jastrow
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Institut for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, Imaging Center Essen, Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Bernd Walkenfort
- Institut for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, Imaging Center Essen, Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Feyza Cansiz
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Julian Fink
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, D-97074, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Olszewski
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Ramos-Nascimento
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Vikas Duhan
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Sarah-Kim Friedrich
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Katrin Anne Becker
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Adalbert Krawczyk
- Institute for Virology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Michael J Edwards
- Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andreas Burchert
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Campus Marburg, Baldingerstr., Marburg, D-35043, Germany
| | - Magdalena Huber
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Str. 2, Marburg, D-35043, Germany
| | - Justa Friebus-Kardash
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Joachim R Göthert
- Department of Hematology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Cornelia Hardt
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Probst
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, D-55131, Germany
| | - Fabian Schumacher
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, D-14558, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kleuser
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert Allee 114-116, Nuthetal, D-14558, Germany
| | - Eduard B Babiychuk
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstr. 4, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beate Sodeik
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, D-30625, Germany
| | - Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, D-97074, Germany
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf, D-40225, Germany
| | - Erich Gulbins
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.,Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, D-45147, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gupta A, Muralidharan S, Torta F, Wenk MR, Wohland T. Long acyl chain ceramides govern cholesterol and cytoskeleton dependence of membrane outer leaflet dynamics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1862:183153. [PMID: 31857071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.183153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal dynamics of the plasma membrane is a consequence of fine-tuned interactions between membrane components. However, the precise identity of molecular factors that maintain this delicate balance, which is lost even in cell membrane derived mimics, remains elusive. Here, we use two cell lines, CHO-K1 and RBL-2H3, which show differences in outer membrane organization, dynamics, and cytoskeleton coupling, to investigate the underlying factors. To our surprise, knock-down of the cytoskeleton-interacting Immunoglobulin E receptor, which is abundant in RBL-2H3 but not in CHO-K1 cells, is not responsible for lipid confinement or cytoskeleton coupling. A subsequent lipidomic analysis of the two cell membranes revealed differences in total membrane ceramide content (C16 to C24). Analysis of the dynamics and organization of ceramide treated live cell membranes by imaging fluorescence correlation spectroscopy demonstrates that C24 and C16 saturated ceramides uniquely alter membrane dynamics by promoting the formation of cholesterol-independent domains and by elevating the inter-leaflet coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore; NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117557, Singapore
| | - Sneha Muralidharan
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore
| | - Thorsten Wohland
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore; NUS Centre for Bio-Imaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117557, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Effect of Transmembrane Electric Field on GM1 Containing DMPC-Cholesterol Monolayer: A Computational Study. J Membr Biol 2019; 253:11-24. [PMID: 31728569 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-019-00101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane electric potentials and membrane curvature have always provided pathways to mediate different cellular processes. We present results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of lipid monolayer composed of 1, 2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and cholesterol (CHOL) under a transverse electric field to monitor the effect of electric field on membrane containing ganglioside monosialo 1 (GM1). Four systems were studied with membrane monolayer in the presence and absence of GM1 with and without applying electric field along the normal of the monolayer. The applied transmembrane electric field was 0.4 mV/Å which corresponds to the action potential of animal cell. Our results indicate that the electric field induces a considerable lateral stress on the monolayer in the presence of GM1, which is evident from the lateral pressure profiles. It was found that due to the application of electric field major perturbation was caused to the system containing GM1, manifested by the bending of the monolayer. We believe this study provides correlation between electric field and spontaneous membrane bending, specially based on the membrane composition. The consequences of these MD simulations provide considerable insights to different biological phenomenon and lipid membrane models.
Collapse
|
40
|
Ceramide Domains in Health and Disease: A Biophysical Perspective. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1159:79-108. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21162-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
41
|
Kamal M, Moshiri H, Magomedova L, Han D, Nguyen KCQ, Yeo M, Knox J, Bagg R, Won AM, Szlapa K, Yip CM, Cummins CL, Hall DH, Roy PJ. The marginal cells of the Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx scavenge cholesterol and other hydrophobic small molecules. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3938. [PMID: 31477732 PMCID: PMC6718421 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a bacterivore filter feeder. Through the contraction of the worm’s pharynx, a bacterial suspension is sucked into the pharynx’s lumen. Excess liquid is then shunted out of the buccal cavity through ancillary channels made by surrounding marginal cells. We find that many worm-bioactive small molecules (a.k.a. wactives) accumulate inside of the marginal cells as crystals or globular spheres. Through screens for mutants that resist the lethality associated with one crystallizing wactive we identify a presumptive sphingomyelin-synthesis pathway that is necessary for crystal and sphere accumulation. We find that expression of sphingomyelin synthase 5 (SMS-5) in the marginal cells is not only sufficient for wactive accumulation but is also important for absorbing exogenous cholesterol, without which C. elegans cannot develop. We conclude that sphingomyelin-rich marginal cells act as a sink to scavenge important nutrients from filtered liquid that might otherwise be shunted back into the environment. The C. elegans nematode worm is a filter-feeder and requires dietary sources of cholesterol. Here, the authors show that the C. elegans pharynx works as a filter to scavenge hydrophobic small molecules from its surrounding liquid environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muntasir Kamal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Houtan Moshiri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Lilia Magomedova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Duhyun Han
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ken C Q Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - May Yeo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Jessica Knox
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Rachel Bagg
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Amy M Won
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Karolina Szlapa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Christopher M Yip
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Carolyn L Cummins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - David H Hall
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Peter J Roy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lee S, Lee YM, Lee H, Jeon H, Lee H, Shin D, Kim S. Membrane Fusion through the Generation of Triazole Ceramide via Click Chemistry at the Membrane Surface. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seokwoo Lee
- College of PharmacySeoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea)H
| | - Yun Mi Lee
- College of PharmacySeoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea)H
| | - Hyun‐Ji Lee
- College of PharmacySeoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea)H
| | - Hongjun Jeon
- College of PharmacySeoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea)H
| | - Hyukjin Lee
- College of PharmacyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesEwha Womans University 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu Seoul 03760 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyun Shin
- College of PharmacyGachon University 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu Incheon 21936 Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College of PharmacySeoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea)H
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kim MK, Lee W, Yoon GH, Chang EJ, Choi SC, Kim SW. Links between accelerated replicative cellular senescence and down-regulation of SPHK1 transcription. BMB Rep 2019. [PMID: 30885289 PMCID: PMC6476483 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.3.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a mechanism to diminish the proliferative capacity of cells during cell expansion using human adipose-derived stromal cells (hAD-SCs) as a model of replicative senescence. hAD-SCs of high-passage numbers exhibited a reduced proliferative capacity with accelerated cellular senescence. Levels of key bioactive sphingolipids were significantly increased in these senescent hAD-SCs. Notably, the transcription of sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) was down-regulated in hAD-SCs at high-passage numbers. SPHK1 knockdown as well as inhibition of its enzymatic activity impeded the proliferation of hAD-SCs, with concomitant induction of cellular senescence and accumulation of sphingolipids, as seen in high-passage cells. SPHK1 knockdown-accelerated cellular senescence was attenuated by co-treatment with sphingosine-1-phosphate and an inhibitor of ceramide synthesis, fumonisin B1, but not by treatment with either one alone. Together, these results suggest that transcriptional down-regulation of SPHK1 is a critical inducer of altered sphingolipid profiles and enhances replicative senescence during multiple rounds of cell division.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Kim
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Wooseong Lee
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Gang-Ho Yoon
- Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Sun-Cheol Choi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seong Who Kim
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zelnik ID, Ventura AE, Kim JL, Silva LC, Futerman AH. The role of ceramide in regulating endoplasmic reticulum function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158489. [PMID: 31233888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) are an important class of membrane lipids containing a long chain sphingoid base backbone. SL synthesis is compartmentalized between two major cell organelles, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus. The initial steps of sphingolipid synthesis take place in the ER, where the simplest SL, ceramide, is synthesized. Although ceramide is a critical membrane component, an imbalance of ceramide levels can have significant deleterious effects on cell properties leading to events such as apoptosis. For this reason and others, ER ceramide levels must be tightly regulated. Here, we describe the biological and biophysical properties of ceramide and discuss how this might impact the ER membrane. This article is part of a special issue entitled: ER Platforms for Membrane Lipid Dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris D Zelnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ana E Ventura
- iMed.UL, Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Química-Física Molecular and IN-Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jiyoon L Kim
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Liana C Silva
- iMed.UL, Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bennett MK, Wallington-Beddoe CT, Pitson SM. Sphingolipids and the unfolded protein response. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:1483-1494. [PMID: 31176037 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a response by the endoplasmic reticulum to stress, classically caused by any disruption to cell homeostasis that results in an accumulation in unfolded proteins. However, there is an increasing body of research demonstrating that the UPR can also be activated by changes in lipid homeostasis, including changes in sphingolipid metabolism. Sphingolipids are a family of bioactive lipids with important roles in both the formation and integrity of cellular membranes, and regulation of key cellular processes, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. Bi-directional interactions between sphingolipids and the UPR have now been observed in a range of diseases, including cancer, diabetes and liver disease. Determining how these two key cellular components influence each other could play an important role in deciphering the causes of these diseases and potentially reveal new therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Bennett
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Craig T Wallington-Beddoe
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, UniSA CRI Building, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Proctor A, Allbritton NL. "Fix and assay": separating in-cellulo sphingolipid reactions from analytical assay in time and space using an aldehyde-based fixative. Analyst 2019; 144:961-971. [PMID: 30207332 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01353e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chemical cytometry using capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful tool for measuring single-cell enzyme activity. However, these measurements are often confounding as dynamic processes within cells rapidly change depending on environment, meaning that cell handling, transport, and storage can affect signaling pathways and alter results. To meet these challenges, we describe a method utilizing aldehyde fixation to simultaneously terminate cellular reactions across a population, freezing reaction results in time prior to analytical analysis. Fluorescent sphingosine was loaded into cells of different lineages (leukemia and lymphoma cell lines and primary leukemia cells) and allowed to react before fixing. The remaining sphingosine and any products formed were then quantified with chemical cytometry utilizing CE. When cells were loaded with sphingosine followed by glyoxal fixation and immediate analysis, 55 ± 5% of lipid was recoverable compared to an unfixed control. Storage of fixed cells for 24 h showed no statistical differences in total amount of recoverable sphingolipid compared to samples analyzed immediately after fixation-though there was a difference in recovery of low-abundance products. Sphingosine kinase activity decreased in response to inhibitor treatment compared to treatment with a DMSO vehicle (21 ± 3% product formed in inhibitor-treated cells vs. 57 ± 2% in control cells), which was mirrored in single-cell measurements. This "fix and assay" strategy enables measurement of sphingosine kinase activity in single cells followed by subsequent analytical assay separated in space and time from reaction initiation, enabling greater temporal control over intracellular reactions and improving future compatibility with clinical workflow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Proctor
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Davis DL, Gable K, Suemitsu J, Dunn TM, Wattenberg BW. The ORMDL/Orm-serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex is directly regulated by ceramide: Reconstitution of SPT regulation in isolated membranes. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5146-5156. [PMID: 30700557 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids compose a lipid family critical for membrane structure as well as intra- and intercellular signaling. De novo sphingolipid biosynthesis is initiated by the enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), which resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. In both yeast and mammalian species, SPT activity is homeostatically regulated through small ER membrane proteins, the Orms in yeast and the ORMDLs in mammalian cells. These proteins form stable complexes with SPT. In yeast, the homeostatic regulation of SPT relies, at least in part, on phosphorylation of the Orms. However, this does not appear to be the case for the mammalian ORMDLs. Here, we accomplished a cell-free reconstitution of the sphingolipid regulation of the ORMDL-SPT complex to probe the underlying regulatory mechanism. Sphingolipid and ORMDL-dependent regulation of SPT was demonstrated in isolated membranes, essentially free of cytosol. This suggests that this regulation does not require soluble cytosolic proteins or small molecules such as ATP. We found that this system is particularly responsive to the pro-apoptotic sphingolipid ceramide and that this response is strictly stereospecific, indicating that ceramide regulates the ORMDL-SPT complex via a specific binding interaction. Yeast membranes harboring the Orm-SPT system also directly responded to sphingolipid, suggesting that yeast cells have, in addition to Orm phosphorylation, an additional Orm-dependent SPT regulatory mechanism. Our results indicate that ORMDL/Orm-mediated regulation of SPT involves a direct interaction of sphingolipid with the membrane-bound components of the SPT-regulatory apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna L Davis
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Kenneth Gable
- the Department of Biochemistry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, and
| | - John Suemitsu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298
| | - Teresa M Dunn
- the Department of Biochemistry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, and
| | - Binks W Wattenberg
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia 23298, .,the James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Möuts A, Vattulainen E, Matsufuji T, Kinoshita M, Matsumori N, Slotte JP. On the Importance of the C(1)-OH and C(3)-OH Functional Groups of the Long-Chain Base of Ceramide for Interlipid Interaction and Lateral Segregation into Ceramide-Rich Domains. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15864-15870. [PMID: 30507134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ceramides are important intermediates in sphingolipid biosynthesis (and degradation) and are normally present in only small amounts in unstressed cells. However, following the receptor-mediated activation of neutral sphingomyelinase, sphingomyelin can acutely give rise to substantial amounts of ceramides, which dramatically alter membrane properties. In this study, we have examined the role of the 1-OH and 3-OH functional groups of ceramide for its membrane properties. We have specifically examined how the oxidation of the primary alcohol to COOH or COOMe in palmitoyl ceramide (PCer) or the removal of either the primary alcohol or C(3)-OH (deoxy analogs) affected ceramides' interlipid interactions in fluid phosphatidylcholine bilayers. Measuring the time-resolved fluorescence emission of trans-parinaric acid, or its steady-state anisotropy, we have obtained information about the propensity of the ceramide analogs to form ceramide-rich domains and the thermostability of the formed domains. We observed that the oxidation of the primary alcohol to COOH shifted the ceramide's gel-phase onset concentration to slightly higher values in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl- sn-3- glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) bilayers. Methylation of the COOH function of the ceramide did not change the segregation tendency further. The complete removal of the primary alcohol dramatically reduced the ability of 1-deoxy-PCer to form ceramide-rich ordered domains. However, the removal 3-OH (in 3-deoxy-PCer) had only small effects on the lateral segregation of the ceramide analog. The thermostability of the ceramide-rich domains in the POPC bilayers decreased in the following order: 1-OH > COOH > COOMe = 3-deoxy > 1-deoxy. We conclude that ceramide needs a hydrogen-bonding-competent functional group in the C(1) position to be able to form laterally segregated ceramide-rich domains of high packing density in POPC bilayers. The presence or absence of 3-OH was not functionally critical for ceramide's lateral segregation properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Möuts
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Abo Akademi University , Turku 20520 , Finland
| | - Elina Vattulainen
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Abo Akademi University , Turku 20520 , Finland
| | - Takaaki Matsufuji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Masanao Kinoshita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsumori
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Abo Akademi University , Turku 20520 , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Intra- and intercellular trafficking in sphingolipid metabolism in myelination. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 71:97-103. [PMID: 30497846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The myelin sheath, produced by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, provides essential electrical insulation to neurons, but also is critical for viability of neurons. Both the protein and lipid composition of this fascinating membrane is unique. Here the focus is on the sphingolipids that are highly abundant in myelin and, in particular, how they are produced. This review discusses how sphingolipid metabolism is regulated. In particular the subcellular localization of lipid metabolic enzymes is discussed and how inter-organelle transport can affect the metabolic routes that sphingolipid precursors take. Understanding the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism in formation of the myelin membrane will have a significant impact on strategies to treat demyelinating diseases.
Collapse
|
50
|
Ahn EH, Yang H, Hsieh CY, Sun W, Chang CC, Schroeder JJ. Evaluation of chemotherapeutic and cancer-protective properties of sphingosine and C2-ceramide in a human breast stem cell derived carcinogenesis model. Int J Oncol 2018; 54:655-664. [PMID: 30483770 PMCID: PMC6317677 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall goal of the present study was to evaluate the chemotherapeutic and cancer-protective properties of D-erythro-sphingosine (sphingosine) and C2-ceramide using a human breast epithelial cell (HBEC) culture system, which represents multiple-stages of breast carcinogenesis. The HBEC model includes Type I HBECs (normal stem), Type II HBECs (normal differentiated) and transformed cells (immortal/non-tumorigenic cells and tumorigenic cells, which are transformed from the same parental normal stem cells). The results of the present study indicate that sphingosine preferentially inhibits proliferation and causes death of normal stem cells (Type I), tumorigenic cells, and MCF7 breast cancer cells, but not normal differentiated cells (Type II). In contrast to the selective anti-proliferative effects of sphingosine, C2-ceramide inhibits proliferation of normal differentiated cells as well as normal stem cells, tumorigenic cells, and MCF7 cancer cells with similar potency. Both sphingosine and C2-ceramide induce apoptosis in tumorigenic cells. Among the sphingosine stereoisomers (D-erythro, D-threo, L-erythro, and L-threo) and sphinganine that were tested, L-erythro-sphingosine most potently inhibits proliferation of tumorigenic cells. The inhibition of breast tumorigenic/cancer cell proliferation by sphingosine was accompanied by inhibition of telomerase activity. Sphingosine at non-cytotoxic concentrations, but not C2-ceramide, induces differentiation of normal stem cells (Type I), thereby reducing the number of stem cells that are more susceptible to neoplastic transformation. To the best of our knowledge, the present study demonstrates one of the first results that sphingosine can be a potential chemotherapeutic and cancer-protective agent, whereas C2-ceramide is not an ideal chemotherapeutic and cancer-protective agent due to its anti-proliferative effects on Type II HBECs and its inability to induce the differentiation of Type I to Type II HBECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyun Ahn
- Department of Pathology and 2Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Ching-Yi Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Chia-Cheng Chang
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Joseph J Schroeder
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|