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Ricciardelli A, Pollio A, Costantini M, Zupo V. Harmful and beneficial properties of cyanotoxins: Two sides of the same coin. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108235. [PMID: 37567398 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanotoxins are by definition "harmful agents" produced by cyanobacteria. Their toxicity has been extensively studied and reviewed over the years. Cyanotoxins have been commonly classified, based on their poisonous effects on mammals, into three main classes, neurotoxins, hepatotoxins and dermatotoxins, and, considering their chemical features, mainly identified as peptides, alkaloids and lipopolysaccharides. Here we propose a broader subdivision of cyanotoxins into eight distinct classes, taking into account their molecular structures, biosynthesis and modes of action: alkaloids, non-ribosomal peptides, polyketides, non-protein amino acids, indole alkaloids, organophosphates, lipopeptides and lipoglycans. For each class, the structures and primary mechanisms of toxicity of the main representative cyanotoxins are reported. Despite their powerful biological activities, only recently scientists have considered the biotechnological potential of cyanotoxins, and their applications both in medical and in industrial settings, even if only a few of these have reached the biotech market. In this perspective, we discuss the potential uses of cyanotoxins as anticancer, antimicrobial, and biocidal agents, as common applications for cytotoxic compounds. Furthermore, taking into account their mechanisms of action, we describe peculiar potential bioactivities for several cyanotoxin classes, such as local anaesthetics, antithrombotics, neuroplasticity promoters, immunomodulating and antifouling agents. In this review, we aim to stimulate research on the potential beneficial roles of cyanotoxins, which require interdisciplinary cooperation to facilitate the discovery of innovative biotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annarita Ricciardelli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cinthìa, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonino Pollio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cinthìa, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Costantini
- Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, 80133 Naples, Italy.
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Ischia Marine Centre, Punta San Pietro, 80077 Naples, Italy.
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2
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Hosler J, Hoang N, Edwards KS. The cyclic lipopeptide micafungin induces rupture of isolated mitochondria by reprograming the mitochondrial inner membrane anion channel. Mitochondrion 2023; 71:50-62. [PMID: 37201620 PMCID: PMC10524837 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The antifungal activity of the drug micafungin, a cyclic lipopeptide that interacts with membrane proteins, may involve inhibition of fungal mitochondria. In humans, mitochondria are spared by the inability of micafungin to cross the cytoplasmic membrane. Using isolated mitochondria, we find that micafungin initiates the uptake of salts, causing rapid swelling and rupture of mitochondria with release of cytochrome c. The inner membrane anion channel (IMAC) is altered by micafungin to transfer both cations and anions. We propose that binding of anionic micafungin to IMAC attracts cations into the ion pore for the rapid transfer of ion pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Hosler
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Ngoc Hoang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States
| | - Kristin Shirey Edwards
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N. State St., Jackson, MS 39216, United States.
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3
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do Amaral SC, Xavier LP, Vasconcelos V, Santos AV. Cyanobacteria: A Promising Source of Antifungal Metabolites. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:359. [PMID: 37367684 DOI: 10.3390/md21060359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are a rich source of secondary metabolites, and they have received a great deal of attention due to their applicability in different industrial sectors. Some of these substances are known for their notorious ability to inhibit fungal growth. Such metabolites are very chemically and biologically diverse. They can belong to different chemical classes, including peptides, fatty acids, alkaloids, polyketides, and macrolides. Moreover, they can also target different cell components. Filamentous cyanobacteria have been the main source of these compounds. This review aims to identify the key features of these antifungal agents, as well as the sources from which they are obtained, their major targets, and the environmental factors involved when they are being produced. For the preparation of this work, a total of 642 documents dating from 1980 to 2022 were consulted, including patents, original research, review articles, and theses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cavalcante do Amaral
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pereira Xavier
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Vítor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Agenor Valadares Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Enzymes and Biotransformation, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
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4
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Added Value of Biophysics to Study Lipid-Driven Biological Processes: The Case of Surfactins, a Class of Natural Amphiphile Molecules. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213831. [PMID: 36430318 PMCID: PMC9693386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of membrane lipids is increasingly claimed to explain biological activities of natural amphiphile molecules. To decipher this role, biophysical studies with biomimetic membrane models are often helpful to obtain insights at the molecular and atomic levels. In this review, the added value of biophysics to study lipid-driven biological processes is illustrated using the case of surfactins, a class of natural lipopeptides produced by Bacillus sp. showing a broad range of biological activities. The mechanism of interaction of surfactins with biomimetic models showed to be dependent on the surfactins-to-lipid ratio with action as membrane disturber without membrane lysis at low and intermediate ratios and a membrane permeabilizing effect at higher ratios. These two mechanisms are relevant to explain surfactins' biological activities occurring without membrane lysis, such as their antiviral and plant immunity-eliciting activities, and the one involving cell lysis, such as their antibacterial and hemolytic activities. In both biological and biophysical studies, influence of surfactin structure and membrane lipids on the mechanisms was observed with a similar trend. Hence, biomimetic models represent interesting tools to elucidate the biological mechanisms targeting membrane lipids and can contribute to the development of new molecules for pharmaceutical or agronomic applications.
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5
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Saurav K, Caso A, Urajová P, Hrouzek P, Esposito G, Delawská K, Macho M, Hájek J, Cheel J, Saha S, Divoká P, Arsin S, Sivonen K, Fewer DP, Costantino V. Fatty Acid Substitutions Modulate the Cytotoxicity of Puwainaphycins/Minutissamides Isolated from the Baltic Sea Cyanobacterium Nodularia harveyana UHCC-0300. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11818-11828. [PMID: 35449984 PMCID: PMC9016887 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Puwainaphycins (PUW) and minutissamides (MIN) are structurally homologous cyclic lipopeptides that exhibit high structural variability and possess antifungal and cytotoxic activities. While only a minor variation can be found in the amino acid composition of the peptide cycle, the fatty acid (FA) moiety varies largely. The effect of FA functionalization on the bioactivity of PUW/MIN chemical variants is poorly understood. A rapid and selective liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based method led us to identify 13 PUW/MIN (1-13) chemical variants from the benthic cyanobacterium Nodularia harveyana strain UHCC-0300 from the Baltic Sea. Five new variants identified were designated as PUW H (1), PUW I (2), PUW J (4), PUW K (10), and PUW L (13) and varied slightly in the peptidic core composition, but a larger variation was observed in the oxo-, chloro-, and hydroxy-substitutions on the FA moiety. To address the effect of FA substitution on the cytotoxic effect, the major variants (3 and 5-11) together with four other PUW/MIN variants (14-17) previously isolated were included in the study. The data obtained showed that hydroxylation of the FA moiety abolishes the cytotoxicity or significantly reduces it when compared with the oxo-substituted C18-FA (compounds 5-8). The oxo-substitution had only a minor effect on the cytotoxicity of the compound when compared to variants bearing no substitution. The activity of PUW/MIN variants with chlorinated FA moieties varied depending on the position of the chlorine atom on the FA chain. This study also shows that variation in the amino acids distant from the FA moiety (position 4-8 of the peptide cycle) does not play an important role in determining the cytotoxicity of the compound. These findings confirmed that the lipophilicity of FA is essential to maintain the cytotoxicity of PUW/MIN lipopeptides. Further, a 63 kb puwainaphycin biosynthetic gene cluster from a draft genome of the N. harveyana strain UHCC-0300 was identified. This pathway encoded two specific lipoinitiation mechanisms as well as enzymes needed for the modification of the FA moiety. Examination on biosynthetic gene clusters and the structural variability of the produced PUW/MIN suggested different mechanisms of fatty-acyl-AMP ligase cooperation with accessory enzymes leading to a new set of PUW/MIN variants bearing differently substituted FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Saurav
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- ,
| | - Alessia Caso
- TheBlue
Chemistry Lab, Università Degli Studi
di Napoli “Federico II”, task Force “BigFed2”, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Petra Urajová
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Germana Esposito
- TheBlue
Chemistry Lab, Università Degli Studi
di Napoli “Federico II”, task Force “BigFed2”, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Kateřina Delawská
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty
of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Macho
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty
of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hájek
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - José Cheel
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Subhasish Saha
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Divoká
- Laboratory
of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Sila Arsin
- Department
of Microbiology, Viikki Biocenter, University
of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaarina Sivonen
- Department
of Microbiology, Viikki Biocenter, University
of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - David P. Fewer
- Department
of Microbiology, Viikki Biocenter, University
of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valeria Costantino
- TheBlue
Chemistry Lab, Università Degli Studi
di Napoli “Federico II”, task Force “BigFed2”, Napoli 80131, Italy
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6
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Siraj MA, Jacobs AT, Tan GT. Altersolanol B, a fungal tetrahydroanthraquinone, inhibits the proliferation of estrogen receptor-expressing (ER+) human breast adenocarcinoma by modulating PI3K/AKT, p38/ERK MAPK and associated signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 359:109916. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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7
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Mai J, Liao L, Ling R, Guo X, Lin J, Mo B, Chen W, Yu Y. Study on RNAi-based herbicide for Mikania micrantha. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2021; 6:437-445. [PMID: 34901482 PMCID: PMC8637008 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The invasive plant Mikania micrantha Kunth (M. micrantha) from South America poses a significant threat to the stability and biodiversity of ecosystems. However, an effective and economical method to control M. micrantha is still lacking. RNA interference (RNAi) has been widely studied and applied in agriculture for trait improvement. Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) can produce RNAi silencing effects without introducing heritable modifications to the plant genome and is becoming a novel nontransformation strategy for plant protection. In this study, the genes encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins were selected as targets of RNAi, based on high-throughput sequencing of M. micrantha transcriptome and bioinformatic analyses of sequence specificity. Three types of RNAi molecules, double-stranded RNA, RNAi nanomicrosphere, and short hairpin RNA (shRNA), with their corresponding short interfering RNA sequences were designed and synthesized for SIGS vector construction, from which each RNAi molecule was transcribed and extracted to be sprayed on M. micrantha leaves. Whereas water-treated control leaves remained green, leaves treated with RNAi molecules turned yellow and eventually wilted. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that the expression levels of target genes were significantly reduced in the RNAi-treated groups compared with those of the control, suggesting that all three types of RNAi herbicides effectively silenced the endogenous target genes, which are essential for the growth of M. micrantha. We also found that shRNA showed better silencing efficiency than the other two molecules. Taken together, our study successfully designed three types of RNAi-based herbicides that specifically silenced endogenous target genes and controlled the growth of M. micrantha. Moreover, we identified a gene family encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins that is important for the growth and development of M. micrantha and could serve as potential targets for controlling the spread of M. micrantha.
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Key Words
- Chlorophyll a/b-binding protein
- GMOs, genetically modified organisms
- HIGS, host-induced gene silencing
- Invasive plant
- LHCs, light-harvesting complexes
- Mikania micrantha
- Nucleic acid bioherbicide
- RNA interference
- RNAi, RNA interference
- RNP, RNAi nanomicrosphere
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SIGS, Spray-induced gene silencing
- Spray-induced gene silencing
- dsRNA, double-stranded RNA
- qRT-PCR, Quantitative real-time PCR
- shRNA, short hairpin RNA
- siRNA, short interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Lingling Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Rongsong Ling
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Jingying Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Beixin Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
| | - Weizhao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Microbial Gene Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Yu Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518000, PR China
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8
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Rondelli V, Koutsioubas A, Pršić J, Deboever E, Crowet JM, Lins L, Deleu M. Sitosterol and glucosylceramide cooperative transversal and lateral uneven distribution in plant membranes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21618. [PMID: 34732753 PMCID: PMC8566578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of biomembranes depend on the presence, local structure and relative distribution assumed by the thousands of components it is made of. As for animal cells, plant membranes have been demonstrated to be organized in subdomains with different persistence lengths and times. In plant cells, sitosterol has been demonstrated to confer to phospholipid membranes a more ordered structure while among lipids, glycosphingolipids are claimed to form rafts where they tightly pack with sterols. Glucosylceramides are glycosphingolipids involved in plant signalling and are essential for viability of cells and whole plant. The glucosylceramide-sitosterol structural coupling within PLPC membranes is here investigated by Langmuir films, in silico simulations and neutron reflectometry, unveiling that a strong direct interaction between the two molecules exists and governs their lateral and transversal distribution within membrane leaflets. The understanding of the driving forces governing specific molecules clustering and segregation in subdomains, such as glucosylceramide and sitosterol, have an impact on the mechanical properties of biomembranes and could reflect in the other membrane molecules partitioning and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rondelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - A Koutsioubas
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Garching, Germany.
| | - J Pršić
- Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory (MiPI), TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - E Deboever
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Condorcet, TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.,Laboratory of Natural Molecules Chemistry, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2, Passage des Déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium.,FytoFend S.A., rue Georges Legrand, 6, 5032, Isnes, Belgium
| | - J M Crowet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France
| | - L Lins
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Condorcet, TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - M Deleu
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Condorcet, TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
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9
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Fewer DP, Jokela J, Heinilä L, Aesoy R, Sivonen K, Galica T, Hrouzek P, Herfindal L. Chemical diversity and cellular effects of antifungal cyclic lipopeptides from cyanobacteria. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:639-650. [PMID: 34145585 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria produce a variety of chemically diverse cyclic lipopeptides with potent antifungal activities. These cyclic lipopeptides have an amphipathic structure comprised of a polar peptide cycle and hydrophobic fatty acid side chain. Many have antibiotic activity against a range of human and plant fungal pathogens. This review article aims to summarize the present knowledge on the chemical diversity and cellular effects of cyanobacterial cyclic lipopeptides that display antifungal activity. Cyclic antifungal lipopeptides from cyanobacteria commonly fall into four structural classes; hassallidins, puwainaphycins, laxaphycins, and anabaenolysins. Many of these antifungal cyclic lipopeptides act through cholesterol and ergosterol-dependent disruption of membranes. In many cases, the cyclic lipopeptides also exert cytotoxicity in human cells, and a more extensive examination of their biological activity and structure-activity relationship is warranted. The hassallidin, puwainaphycin, laxaphycin, and anabaenolysin structural classes are unified through shared complex biosynthetic pathways that encode a variety of unusual lipoinitiation mechanisms and branched biosynthesis that promote their chemical diversity. However, the biosynthetic origins of some cyanobacterial cyclic lipopeptides and the mechanisms, which drive their structural diversification in general, remain poorly understood. The strong functional convergence of differently organized chemical structures suggests that the production of lipopeptide confers benefits for their producer. Whether these benefits originate from their antifungal activity or some other physiological function remains to be answered in the future. However, it is clear that cyanobacteria encode a wealth of new cyclic lipopeptides with novel biotechnological and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Fewer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Jokela
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lassi Heinilä
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reidun Aesoy
- Centre for Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kaarina Sivonen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomáš Galica
- Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, Institute of Microbiology, Centre Algatech, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Lars Herfindal
- Centre for Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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10
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Nowruzi B, Porzani SJ. Toxic compounds produced by cyanobacteria belonging to several species of the order Nostocales: A review. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:510-548. [PMID: 33289164 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are well recognised as producers of a wide range of natural compounds that are in turn recognised as toxins that have potential and useful applications in the future as pharmaceutical agents. The order Nostocales, which is largely overlooked in this regard, has become increasingly recognised as a source of toxin producers including Anabaena, Nostoc, Hapalosiphon, Fischerella, Anabaenopsis, Aphanizomenon, Gloeotrichia, Cylindrospermopsis, Scytonema, Raphidiopsis, Cuspidothrix, Nodularia, Stigonema, Calothrix, Cylindrospermum and Desmonostoc species. The toxin compounds (i.e., microcystins, nodularin, anatoxins, ambiguines, fischerindoles and welwitindolinones) and metabolites are about to have a destructive effect on both inland and aquatic environment aspects. The present review gives an overview of the various toxins that are extracted by the order Nostocales. The current research suggests that these compounds that are produced by cyanobacterial species have promising future considerations as potentially harmful algae and as promising leads for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Nowruzi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Jafari Porzani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Li Y, Chen Y, Huang X, Huang D, Gan H, Yao N, Hu Z, Li R, Zhan X, Xie K, Jiang J, Cai D. Tanshinol A Ameliorates Triton-1339W-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Liver Injury in C57BL/6J Mice by Regulating mRNA Expression of Lipemic-Oxidative Injury Genes. Lipids 2020; 55:127-140. [PMID: 32058595 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinol A, which is derived from a traditional Chinese herbal Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is indicative of a hypolipidemic candidate. Therefore, we aim to validate its hypolipidemic activity of tanshinol A and explore its mechanism in triton-1339W-induced hyperlipidemic mice model, which possess multiply pathogenesis for endogenous lipid metabolism disorder. Experimental hyperlipidemia mice are treated with or without tanshinol A (i.g. 40, 20, 10 mg/kg), and blood and liver tissue were collected for validating its hypolipidemic and hepatic protective effect, and hepatic mRNA expression profile, which was associated with lipid metabolism dysfunction and liver injury, was detected by RT-qPCR. As results show, triton-1339W-induced abnormal of serum TC, TAG, HDL-C, LDL-C, SOD, MDA, GOT, and GPT is remarkably attenuated by tanshinol A. In pathological experiment, triton-1339W-induced hepatocellular ballooning degeneration, irregular central vein congestion, and inflammation infiltration are alleviated by tanshinol A. Correspondingly, hepatic mRNA expression of Atf4, Fgf21, Vldlr, Nqo1, Pdk4, and Angptl4, which are genes regulating lipemic-oxidative injury, are significantly increased by tanshinol A by 2~6 fold. Abcg5, Cd36, and Apob, which are responsible for cholesterol metabolism, are mildly upregulated. Noticeably, triton-1339W-suppressed expressions of Ptgs2/Il10, which are genes responsible for acute inflammation resolution in liver injury, are remarkably increased by tanshinol A. Conclusively, tanshinol A exerted hypolipidemic effect and hepatoprotective effect through restoring triton-1339W-suppressed mRNA expression, which may be involved in Atf4/Fgf21/Vldlr and Ptgs2/Il-10 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Yuxing Chen
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Xuejun Huang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Dane Huang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Haining Gan
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Zixuan Hu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Ruyue Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Xinyi Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Kaifeng Xie
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Jieyi Jiang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Dake Cai
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.,Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
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12
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Humisto A, Jokela J, Teigen K, Wahlsten M, Permi P, Sivonen K, Herfindal L. Characterization of the interaction of the antifungal and cytotoxic cyclic glycolipopeptide hassallidin with sterol-containing lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2019; 1861:1510-1521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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13
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Demay J, Bernard C, Reinhardt A, Marie B. Natural Products from Cyanobacteria: Focus on Beneficial Activities. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E320. [PMID: 31151260 PMCID: PMC6627551 DOI: 10.3390/md17060320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that colonize diverse environments worldwide, ranging from ocean to freshwaters, soils, and extreme environments. Their adaptation capacities and the diversity of natural products that they synthesize, support cyanobacterial success in colonization of their respective ecological niches. Although cyanobacteria are well-known for their toxin production and their relative deleterious consequences, they also produce a large variety of molecules that exhibit beneficial properties with high potential in various fields (e.g., a synthetic analog of dolastatin 10 is used against Hodgkin's lymphoma). The present review focuses on the beneficial activities of cyanobacterial molecules described so far. Based on an analysis of 670 papers, it appears that more than 90 genera of cyanobacteria have been observed to produce compounds with potentially beneficial activities in which most of them belong to the orders Oscillatoriales, Nostocales, Chroococcales, and Synechococcales. The rest of the cyanobacterial orders (i.e., Pleurocapsales, Chroococcidiopsales, and Gloeobacterales) remain poorly explored in terms of their molecular diversity and relative bioactivity. The diverse cyanobacterial metabolites possessing beneficial bioactivities belong to 10 different chemical classes (alkaloids, depsipeptides, lipopeptides, macrolides/lactones, peptides, terpenes, polysaccharides, lipids, polyketides, and others) that exhibit 14 major kinds of bioactivity. However, no direct relationship between the chemical class and the respective bioactivity of these molecules has been demonstrated. We further selected and specifically described 47 molecule families according to their respective bioactivities and their potential uses in pharmacology, cosmetology, agriculture, or other specific fields of interest. With this up-to-date review, we attempt to present new perspectives for the rational discovery of novel cyanobacterial metabolites with beneficial bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Demay
- UMR 7245 MCAM, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-CNRS, Paris, 12 rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France.
- Thermes de Balaruc-les-Bains, 1 rue du Mont Saint-Clair BP 45, 34540 Balaruc-Les-Bains, France.
| | - Cécile Bernard
- UMR 7245 MCAM, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-CNRS, Paris, 12 rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France.
| | - Anita Reinhardt
- Thermes de Balaruc-les-Bains, 1 rue du Mont Saint-Clair BP 45, 34540 Balaruc-Les-Bains, France.
| | - Benjamin Marie
- UMR 7245 MCAM, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle-CNRS, Paris, 12 rue Buffon, CP 39, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France.
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14
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Alternative Biosynthetic Starter Units Enhance the Structural Diversity of Cyanobacterial Lipopeptides. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02675-18. [PMID: 30504214 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02675-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Puwainaphycins (PUWs) and minutissamides (MINs) are structurally analogous cyclic lipopeptides possessing cytotoxic activity. Both types of compound exhibit high structural variability, particularly in the fatty acid (FA) moiety. Although a biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for synthesis of several PUW variants has been proposed in a cyanobacterial strain, the genetic background for MINs remains unexplored. Herein, we report PUW/MIN biosynthetic gene clusters and structural variants from six cyanobacterial strains. Comparison of biosynthetic gene clusters indicates a common origin of the PUW/MIN hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase. Surprisingly, the biosynthetic gene clusters encode two alternative biosynthetic starter modules, and analysis of structural variants suggests that initiation by each of the starter modules results in lipopeptides of differing lengths and FA substitutions. Among additional modifications of the FA chain, chlorination of minutissamide D was explained by the presence of a putative halogenase gene in the PUW/MIN gene cluster of Anabaena minutissima strain UTEX B 1613. We detected PUW variants bearing an acetyl substitution in Symplocastrum muelleri strain NIVA-CYA 644, consistent with an O-acetyltransferase gene in its biosynthetic gene cluster. The major lipopeptide variants did not exhibit any significant antibacterial activity, and only the PUW F variant was moderately active against yeast, consistent with previously published data suggesting that PUWs/MINs interact preferentially with eukaryotic plasma membranes.IMPORTANCE Herein, we deciphered the most important biosynthetic traits of a prominent group of bioactive lipopeptides. We reveal evidence for initiation of biosynthesis by two alternative starter units hardwired directly in the same gene cluster, eventually resulting in the production of a remarkable range of lipopeptide variants. We identified several unusual tailoring genes potentially involved in modifying the fatty acid chain. Careful characterization of these biosynthetic gene clusters and their diverse products could provide important insight into lipopeptide biosynthesis in prokaryotes. Some of the variants identified exhibit cytotoxic and antifungal properties, and some are associated with a toxigenic biofilm-forming strain. The findings may prove valuable to researchers in the fields of natural product discovery and toxicology.
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15
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Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): the Derivatives and Triggers of Inflammation. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2018; 18:63. [PMID: 30267163 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-018-0817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Allergen is an umbrella term for irritants of diverse origin. Along with other offenders such as pathogens, mutagens, xenobiotics, and pollutants, allergens can be grouped as inflammatory agents. Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are altered metabolism products of necrotic or stressed cells, which are deemed as alarm signals by the innate immune system. Like inflammation, DAMPs play a role in correcting the altered physiological state, but in excess, they can be lethal due to their signal transduction roles. In a vicious loop, inflammatory agents are DAMP generators and DAMPs create a pro-inflammatory state. Only a handful of DAMPs such as uric acid, mtDNA, extracellular ATP, HSPs, amyloid β, S100, HMGB1, and ECM proteins have been studied till now. A large number of DAMPs are still obscure, in need to be unveiled. The identification and functional characterization of those DAMPs in inflammation pathways can be insightful. RECENT FINDINGS As inflammation and immune activation have been implicated in almost all pathologies, studies on them have been intensified in recent times. Consequently, the pathologic mechanisms of various DAMPs have emerged. Following PRR ligation, the activation of inflammasome, MAPK, and NF-kB is some of the common pathways. The limited number of recognized DAMPs are only a fraction of the vast array of other DAMPs. In fact, any misplaced or abnormal level of metabolite can be a DAMP. Sophisticated analysis studies can reveal the full profile of the DAMPs. Lowering the level of DAMPs is useful therapeutic intervention but certainly not as effective as avoiding the DAMP generators, i.e., the inflammatory agents. So, rather than mitigating DAMPs, efforts should be focused on the elimination of inflammatory agents.
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16
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Xue Y, Zhao P, Quan C, Zhao Z, Gao W, Li J, Zu X, Fu D, Feng S, Bai X, Zuo Y, Li P. Cyanobacteria-derived peptide antibiotics discovered since 2000. Peptides 2018; 107:17-24. [PMID: 30077717 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Members of cyanobacteria, including Moorea spp., Okeania spp., Lyngbya spp., Schizothrix spp., Leptolyngbya spp., Microcystis spp., Symploca spp., Hassallia sp., Anabaena spp., Planktothrix sp., Tychonema spp., Oscillatoria spp., Tolypothrix sp., Nostoc sp., and Hapalosiphon sp. produce an enormously diverse range of peptide antibiotics with huge potential as pharmaceutical drugs and biocontrol agents following screening of structural analogues and analysis of structure-activity relationships (SAR). The need for novel antibiotic lead compounds is urgent, and this review summarizes 78 cyanobacteria-derived compounds reported since 2000, including 32 depsipeptides, 18 cyclic lipopeptides, 13 linear lipopeptides, 14 cyclamides, and one typical cyclic peptide. The current and potential therapeutic applications of these peptides are discussed, including for SAR, antituberculotic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and antiparasitic (anti-plasmodial, antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial) activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xue
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Pengchao Zhao
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
| | - Chunshan Quan
- Department of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Zhanqin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Weina Gao
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xiangyang Zu
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Dongliao Fu
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Shuxiao Feng
- College of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xuefei Bai
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Yanjun Zuo
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
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17
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Stewart MP, Langer R, Jensen KF. Intracellular Delivery by Membrane Disruption: Mechanisms, Strategies, and Concepts. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7409-7531. [PMID: 30052023 PMCID: PMC6763210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery is a key step in biological research and has enabled decades of biomedical discoveries. It is also becoming increasingly important in industrial and medical applications ranging from biomanufacture to cell-based therapies. Here, we review techniques for membrane disruption-based intracellular delivery from 1911 until the present. These methods achieve rapid, direct, and universal delivery of almost any cargo molecule or material that can be dispersed in solution. We start by covering the motivations for intracellular delivery and the challenges associated with the different cargo types-small molecules, proteins/peptides, nucleic acids, synthetic nanomaterials, and large cargo. The review then presents a broad comparison of delivery strategies followed by an analysis of membrane disruption mechanisms and the biology of the cell response. We cover mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical strategies of membrane disruption with a particular emphasis on their applications and challenges to implementation. Throughout, we highlight specific mechanisms of membrane disruption and suggest areas in need of further experimentation. We hope the concepts discussed in our review inspire scientists and engineers with further ideas to improve intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin P. Stewart
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
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18
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Kust A, Urajová P, Hrouzek P, Vu DL, Čapková K, Štenclová L, Řeháková K, Kozlíková-Zapomělová E, Lepšová-Skácelová O, Lukešová A, Mareš J. A new microcystin producing Nostoc strain discovered in broad toxicological screening of non-planktic Nostocaceae (cyanobacteria). Toxicon 2018; 150:66-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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19
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Fiedler S, Heerklotz H. Vesicle Leakage Reflects the Target Selectivity of Antimicrobial Lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis. Biophys J 2016; 109:2079-89. [PMID: 26588567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic lipopeptides act against a variety of plant pathogens and are thus highly efficient crop-protection agents. Some pesticides contain Bacillus subtilis strains that produce lipopeptide families, such as surfactins (SF), iturins (IT), and fengycins (FE). The antimicrobial activity of these peptides is mainly mediated by permeabilizing cellular membranes. We used a fluorescence-lifetime based leakage assay to examine the effect of individual lipid components in model membranes on lipopeptide activity. Leakage induction by FE was strongly inhibited by cholesterol (CHOL) as well as by phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and -glycerol (PG) lipids. Already moderate amounts of CHOL increased the tolerable FE content in membranes by an order of magnitude to 0.5 FE per PC + CHOL. This indicates reduced FE-lipid demixing and aggregation, which is known to be required for membrane permeabilization and explains the strong inhibition by CHOL. Ergosterol (ERG) had a weak antagonistic effect. This confirms results of microbiological tests and agrees with the fungicidal activity and selectivity of FE. SF is known to be much less selective in its antimicrobial action. In line with this, liposome leakage by SF was little affected by sterols and PE. Interestingly, PG increased SF activity and changed its leakage mechanism toward all-or-none, suggesting more specific, larger, and/or longer-lived defect structures. This may be because of the reduced energetic cost of locally accumulating anionic SF in an anionic lipid matrix. IT was found largely inactive in our assays. B. subtilis QST713 produces the lipopeptides in a ratio of 6 mol SF: 37 mol FE: 57 mol IT. Leakage induced by this native mixture was inhibited by CHOL and PE, but unaffected by ERG and by PG in the absence of PE. Note that fungi contain anionic lipids, but little PE. Hence, our data explain the strong, fungicidal activity and selectivity of B. subtilis QST713 lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Fiedler
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Heiko Heerklotz
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Freiburg, Germany.
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20
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Urajová P, Hájek J, Wahlsten M, Jokela J, Galica T, Fewer DP, Kust A, Zapomělová-Kozlíková E, Delawská K, Sivonen K, Kopecký J, Hrouzek P. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method for the detection of cyclic β-amino fatty acid lipopeptides. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1438:76-83. [PMID: 26893022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial lipopeptides, which contain β-amino fatty acids, are an abundant group of bacterial secondary metabolites exhibiting antifungal and/or cytotoxic properties. Here we have developed an LC-HRMS/MS method for the selective detection of β-amino fatty acid containing cyclic lipopeptides. The method was optimized using the lipopeptides iturin A and puwainaphycin F, which contain fatty acids of similar length but differ in the amino acid composition of the peptide cycle. Fragmentation energies of 10-55eV were used to obtain the amino acid composition of the peptide macrocycle. However, fragmentation energies of 90-130eV were used to obtain an intense fragment specific for the β-amino fatty acid (CnH2n+2N(+)). The method allowed the number of carbons and consequently the length of the β-amino fatty acid to be estimated. We identified 21 puwainaphycin variants differing in fatty acid chain in the crude extract of cyanobacterium Cylindrospermum alatosporum using this method. Analogously 11 iturin A variants were detected. The retention time of the lipopeptide variants showed a near perfect linear dependence (R(2)=0.9995) on the length of the fatty acid chain in linear separation gradient which simplified the detection of minor variants. We used the method to screen 240 cyanobacterial strains and identified lipopeptides from 8 strains. The HPLC-HRMS/MS method developed here provides a rapid and easy way to detecting novel variants of cyclic lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Urajová
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hájek
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre of CAS, v.v.i., Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Matti Wahlsten
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Jokela
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomáš Galica
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - David P Fewer
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andreja Kust
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Biology Centre of CAS, v.v.i., Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Zapomělová-Kozlíková
- Biology Centre of CAS, v.v.i., Institute of Hydrobiology, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Delawská
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kaarina Sivonen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Biocenter 1, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jiří Kopecký
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Branišovská 1760, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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21
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Cell Death Inducing Microbial Protein Phosphatase Inhibitors--Mechanisms of Action. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:6505-20. [PMID: 26506362 PMCID: PMC4626703 DOI: 10.3390/md13106505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA) and microcystin (MC) as well as several other microbial toxins like nodularin and calyculinA are known as tumor promoters as well as inducers of apoptotic cell death. Their intracellular targets are the major serine/threonine protein phosphatases. This review summarizes mechanisms believed to be responsible for the death induction and tumor promotion with focus on the interdependent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II (CaM-KII). New data are presented using inhibitors of specific ROS producing enzymes to curb nodularin/MC-induced liver cell (hepatocyte) death. They indicate that enzymes of the arachidonic acid pathway, notably phospholipase A2, 5-lipoxygenase, and cyclooxygenases, may be required for nodularin/MC-induced (and presumably OA-induced) cell death, suggesting new ways to overcome at least some aspects of OA and MC toxicity.
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22
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Antifungal activity improved by coproduction of cyclodextrins and anabaenolysins in Cyanobacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:13669-74. [PMID: 26474830 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1510432112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides widely used in the pharmaceutical industry to improve drug delivery and to increase the solubility of hydrophobic compounds. Anabaenolysins are lipopeptides produced by cyanobacteria with potent lytic activity in cholesterol-containing membranes. Here, we identified the 23- to 24-kb gene clusters responsible for the production of the lipopeptide anabaenolysin. The hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase biosynthetic gene cluster is encoded in the genomes of three anabaenolysin-producing strains of Anabaena. We detected previously unidentified strains producing known anabaenolysins A and B and discovered the production of new variants of anabaenolysins C and D. Bioassays demonstrated that anabaenolysins have weak antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Surprisingly, addition of the hydrophilic fraction of the whole-cell extracts increased the antifungal activity of the hydrophobic anabaenolysins. The fraction contained compounds identified by NMR as α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins, which undergo acetylation. Cyclodextrins have been used for decades to improve the solubility and bioavailability of many drugs including antifungal compounds. This study shows a natural example of cyclodextrins improving the solubility and efficacy of an antifungal compound in an ancient lineage of photosynthetic bacteria.
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23
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Lorent JH, Quetin-Leclercq J, Mingeot-Leclercq MP. The amphiphilic nature of saponins and their effects on artificial and biological membranes and potential consequences for red blood and cancer cells. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:8803-22. [PMID: 25295776 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Saponins, amphiphiles of natural origin with numerous biological activities, are widely used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Some saponins exhibit relatively selective cytotoxic effects on cancer cells but the tendency of saponins to induce hemolysis limits their anticancer potential. This review focused on the effects of saponin activity on membranes and consequent implications for red blood and cancer cells. This activity seems to be strongly related to the amphiphilic character of saponins that gives them the ability to self-aggregate and interact with membrane components such as cholesterol and phospholipids. Membrane interactions of saponins with artificial membrane models, red blood and cancer cells are reviewed with respect to their molecular structures. The review considered the mechanisms of these membrane interactions and their consequences including the modulation of membrane dynamics, interaction with membrane rafts, and membrane lysis. We summarized current knowledge concerning the mechanisms involved in the interactions of saponins with membrane lipids and examined the structure activity relationship of saponins regarding hemolysis and cancer cell death. A critical analysis of these findings speculates on their potential to further develop new anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H Lorent
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology (FACM), Avenue Mounier 73, B1.73.05, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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Patel S, Ahmed S, Eswari JS. Therapeutic cyclic lipopeptides mining from microbes: latest strides and hurdles. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:1177-93. [PMID: 26041368 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases impose serious public health burdens and often have devastating consequences. The cyclic lipopeptides elaborated by bacteria Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Serratia, Propionibacterium and fungus Fusarium are very crucial in restraining the pathogens. Composed of a peptide and a fatty acyl moiety these amphiphilic metabolites exhibit broad spectrum antimicrobial effects. Among the plethora of cyclic lipopeptides, only selective few have emerged as robust antibiotics. For their functional vigor, polymyxin, daptomycin, surfactin, iturin, fengysin, paenibacterin and pseudofactin have been integrated in mainstream healthcare. Daptomycin has been a significant part of antimicrobial arsenal since the past decade. As the magnitude of drug resistance rises in unprecedented manner, the urgency of prospecting novel cyclic lipopeptides is being perceived. Intense research has revealed the implication of these bioactive compounds stretching beyond antibacterial and antifungal. Anticancer, immunomodulatory, prosthetic parts disinfection and vaccine adjuvancy are some of the validated prospects. This review discusses the emerging applications, mechanisms governing the biological actions, role of genomics in refining structure and function, semi-synthetic analog discovery, novel strain isolation, setbacks etc. Though its beyond the scope of the current topic, for holistic purpose, the role of lipopeptides in bioremediation and crop biotechnology has been briefly outlined. This updated critique is expected to galvanize innovations and diversify therapeutic recruitment of microbial lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Patel
- Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA,
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Tomek P, Hrouzek P, Kuzma M, Sýkora J, Fišer R, Černý J, Novák P, Bártová S, Šimek P, Hof M, Kavan D, Kopecký J. Cytotoxic Lipopeptide Muscotoxin A, Isolated from Soil Cyanobacterium Desmonostoc muscorum, Permeabilizes Phospholipid Membranes by Reducing Their Fluidity. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:216-24. [DOI: 10.1021/tx500382b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Tomek
- Department
of Phototrophic Microorganisms−Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Auckland
Cancer Society Research Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, 1023 Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Department
of Phototrophic Microorganisms−Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty
of Science, Institute of Chemistry, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská
1760, 370 05 České
Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Laboratory
of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Sýkora
- Department
of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova
2155/3, 182 23 Prague
8, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan Fišer
- Department
of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Černý
- Department
of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Viničná
7, 128 00 Prague
2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novák
- Laboratory
of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Bártová
- Laboratory
of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technická
5, 166 28 Dejvice, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šimek
- Institute
of Entomology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hof
- Department
of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical
Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova
2155/3, 182 23 Prague
8, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Kavan
- Laboratory
of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kopecký
- Department
of Phototrophic Microorganisms−Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81 Třeboň, Czech Republic
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Deleu M, Crowet JM, Nasir MN, Lins L. Complementary biophysical tools to investigate lipid specificity in the interaction between bioactive molecules and the plasma membrane: A review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:3171-3190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Mareš J, Hájek J, Urajová P, Kopecký J, Hrouzek P. A hybrid non-ribosomal peptide/polyketide synthetase containing fatty-acyl ligase (FAAL) synthesizes the β-amino fatty acid lipopeptides puwainaphycins in the Cyanobacterium Cylindrospermum alatosporum. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111904. [PMID: 25369527 PMCID: PMC4219810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A putative operon encoding the biosynthetic pathway for the cytotoxic cyanobacterial lipopeptides puwainphycins was identified in Cylindrospermum alatosporum. Bioinformatics analysis enabled sequential prediction of puwainaphycin biosynthesis; this process is initiated by the activation of a fatty acid residue via fatty acyl-AMP ligase and continued by a multidomain non-ribosomal peptide synthetase/polyketide synthetase. High-resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements proved the production of puwainaphycin F/G congeners differing in FA chain length formed by either 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-methyl dodecanoic acid (4-methyl-Ahdoa) or 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-methyl tetradecanoic acid (4-methyl-Ahtea). Because only one puwainaphycin operon was recovered in the genome, we suggest that the fatty acyl-AMP ligase and one of the amino acid adenylation domains (Asn/Gln) show extended substrate specificity. Our results provide the first insight into the biosynthesis of frequently occurring β-amino fatty acid lipopeptides in cyanobacteria, which may facilitate analytical assessment and development of monitoring tools for cytotoxic cyanobacterial lipopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mareš
- Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i., Department of Phototrophic Microorganisms – ALGATECH, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of AS CR, v.v.i., Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hájek
- Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i., Department of Phototrophic Microorganisms – ALGATECH, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Biology Centre of AS CR, v.v.i., Institute of Hydrobiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Urajová
- Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i., Department of Phototrophic Microorganisms – ALGATECH, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kopecký
- Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i., Department of Phototrophic Microorganisms – ALGATECH, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Institute of Microbiology AS CR, v.v.i., Department of Phototrophic Microorganisms – ALGATECH, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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D'Auria L, Deleu M, Dufour S, Mingeot-Leclercq MP, Tyteca D. Surfactins modulate the lateral organization of fluorescent membrane polar lipids: A new tool to study drug:membrane interaction and assessment of the role of cholesterol and drug acyl chain length. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1828:2064-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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