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Demirkiran N, Aydin B, Pehlivan M, Yuce Z, Sercan HO. Study of the effect of sFRP1 protein on molecules involved in the regulation of DNA methylation in CML cell line. Med Oncol 2024; 41:109. [PMID: 38592567 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02336-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Wnt-signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). sFRP1 is involved in the suppression of the Wnt-signaling pathway and has been shown to be epigenetically silenced by promoter hypermethylation during CML progression. DNMT3A plays a crucial role in promoter hypermethylation and is responsible for establishing methylation patterns. We aimed to analyze the relationship between sFRP1 expression and DNMT3A, TET1, TET2 and TET3 proteins that are responsible for maintaining cellular methylation patterns; along with miRNAs miR144-3p and miR-767-5p that are known to be associated with these proteins. CML cell lines K562 and K562S which stably expresses sFRP1, were used to compare the changes in miR144-3p and miR-767-5p expression. DNMT3A, TET1, TET2 and TET3 protein levels were analyzed by Western blot. In K562S cells the expression of miR-144-3p and miR-767-5p were decreased along with DNMT3A and TET1 protein levels. On the contrary, TET2 protein was increased. Our results support other reports involving sFRP1 and methylation dynamics; as well as opening new avenues of exploration. Our data supports the conclusion that re-expression of sFRP1 protein alters the expression of factors that play important roles in the overall methylation patterns in the leukemic cell line K562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Demirkiran
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Inciralti, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bengusu Aydin
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Inciralti, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melek Pehlivan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Vocational School of Health Services, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Yuce
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Inciralti, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - H Ogun Sercan
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Inciralti, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
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Chen CH, Chen CJ, Huang YC, Huang PS, Chi HC, Chuang HC, Lin MH, Huang TH, Hsu JT, Chen CY. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 Induces Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Cisplatin and Oxaliplatin via β-Catenin Dysregulation. Chemotherapy 2023; 69:150-164. [PMID: 38071975 DOI: 10.1159/000533767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There are three main ways to treat gastric cancer: surgical resection, radiation therapy, and drug therapy. Furthermore, combinations of two to three regimens can improve survival. However, the survival outcomes of chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer patients are still unsatisfactory. Unfortunately, no widely useful biomarkers have been verified to predict the efficacy of chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer. METHODS An MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability after cisplatin or oxaliplatin treatment. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were utilized to examine the secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4) level and associated signaling pathways. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to analyze the location of β-catenin. Colony formation and Transwell assays were used to analyze the functions related with cisplatin, oxaliplatin, and sFRP4. RESULTS We have found that gastric cancer patients treated with combinations of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin regimens have better survival rates than those treated with 5-FU-based chemotherapy alone. sFRP4 was selected as a potential target from stringent analysis and intersection of 5-FU and cisplatin resistance-related gene sets. sFRP4 was shown to be overexpressed in clinical gastric tumor tissues and positively correlated with a worse survival rate. In addition, sFRP4 and β-catenin were upregulated in cisplatin- and oxaliplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells compared to parental cells. Immunofluorescence staining and nuclear fractionation showed that β-catenin was translocated from the cytosol into the nucleus. Moreover, sFRP4 was detected in the conditioned medium of these resistant cells, which indicates that sFRP4 might have an extracellular role in chemotherapy resistance. Increased migration capacity and dysregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers, which might result from the dysregulation of sFRP4, were observed in cisplatin- and oxaliplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION In summary, sFRP4 might play a critical role in resistance to cisplatin and oxaliplatin, cell metastasis, and poor prognosis in gastric cancer via the Wnt-β-catenin pathway. Investigations of the molecular mechanism underlying sFRP4-modulated cancer progression and chemotherapeutic outcomes can provide additional therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Shuan Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Cheng Chi
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Chieh Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hung Lin
- Health Information and Epidemiology Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Te Hsu
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Muro BB, Carnevale RF, Leal DF, Almond GW, Monteiro MS, Poor AP, Schinckel AP, Garbossa CA. The importance of optimal body condition to maximise reproductive health and perinatal outcomes in pigs. Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:351-371. [PMID: 35748154 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422422000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Overnutrition or undernutrition during all or part of the reproductive cycle predisposes sows to metabolic consequences and poor reproductive health which contributes to a decrease in sow longevity and an increase in perinatal mortality. This represents not only an economic problem for the pig industry but also results in poor animal welfare. To maximise profitability and increase sustainability in pig production, it is pivotal to provide researchers and practitioners with synthesised information about the repercussions of maternal obesity or malnutrition on reproductive health and perinatal outcomes, and to pinpoint currently available nutritional managements to keep sows' body condition in an optimal range. Thus, the present review summarises recent work on the consequences of maternal malnutrition and highlights new findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bd Muro
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaella F Carnevale
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego F Leal
- Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus Pirassununga, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Glen W Almond
- Department of Population Health & Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matheus S Monteiro
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André P Poor
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Allan P Schinckel
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Cesar Ap Garbossa
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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Stubbe BE, Larsen AC, Madsen PH, Krarup HB, Pedersen IS, Lundbye-Christensen S, Hansen CP, Hasselby JP, Johansen AZ, Thorlacius-Ussing O, Johansen JS, Henriksen SD. Promoter hypermethylation of SFRP1 as a prognostic and potentially predictive blood-based biomarker in patients with localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1211292. [PMID: 37333823 PMCID: PMC10272559 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1211292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Current prognostic blood-based biomarkers for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are limited. Recently, promoter hypermethylation of SFRP1 (phSFRP1) has been linked to poor prognosis in patients with gemcitabine-treated stage IV PDAC. This study explores the effects of phSFRP1 in patients with lower stage PDAC. Methods Based on a bisulfite treatment process, the promoter region of the SFRP1 gene was analyzed with methylation-specific PCR. Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests, and generalized linear regression analysis were used to assess restricted mean survival time survival at 12 and 24 months. Results The study included 211 patients with stage I-II PDAC. The median overall survival of patients with phSFRP1 was 13.1 months, compared to 19.6 months in patients with unmethylated SFRP1 (umSFRP1). In adjusted analysis, phSFRP1 was associated with a loss of 1.15 months (95%CI -2.11, -0.20) and 2.71 months (95%CI -2.71, -0.45) of life at 12 and 24 months, respectively. There was no significant effect of phSFRP1 on disease-free or progression-free survival. In stage I-II PDAC, patients with phSFRP1 have worse prognoses than patients with umSFRP1. Discussion Results could indicate that the poor prognosis may be caused by reduced benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. SFRP1 may help guide the clinician and be a possible target for epigenetically modifying drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Emil Stubbe
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anders Christian Larsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Poul Henning Madsen
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Bygum Krarup
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Inge Søkilde Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Carsten Palnæs Hansen
- Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jane Preuss Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid Zedlitz Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Julia Sidenius Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stine Dam Henriksen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Liu CJ, Fan XD, Jiang JG, Chen QX, Zhu W. Potential anticancer activities of securinine and its molecular targets. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 106:154417. [PMID: 36063584 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Securinine is an alkaloid identified from the roots and leaves of the shrub Flueggea suffruticosa (Pall.) Baill. The molecular structure of securinine consists of four rings, including three chiral centers. It has been suggested that securinine can be chemically synthesized from tyrosine and lysine. Securinine has long been used to treat central nervous system diseases. In recent years, more and more evidence shows that securinine also has anticancer activity, which has not been systematically discussed and analyzed. PURPOSE This study aims to propose an overall framework to describe the molecular targets of securinine in different signal pathways, and discuss the current status and prospects of each pathway, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development securinine as an effective anticancer drug. METHODS The research databases on the anticancer activity of securinine from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect to 2021 were systematically searched. This paper follows the Preferred Reporting Items and Meta-Analysis guidelines. RESULTS Securinine has the ability to kill a variety of human cancer cells, including, leukemia as well as prostate, cervical, breast, lung, and colon cancer cells. It can regulate the signal pathways of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin, Wnt and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, promote cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibit cancer cell metastasis. Securinine also has the activity of inducing leukemia cell differentiation. CONCLUSION Although there has been some experimental evidence indicating the anticancer effect of securinine and its possible pharmacology, in order to design more effective anticancer drugs, it is necessary to study the synergy of intracellular signaling pathways. More in vivo experiments and even clinical studies are needed, and the synergy between securinine and other drugs is also worth studying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jun Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Fan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiu-Xiong Chen
- The second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Lai HY, Chiu CC, Kuo YH, Tsai HH, Wu LC, Tseng WH, Liu CL, Hsing CH, Huang SK, Li CF. High Stromal SFRP2 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma Confers an Unfavorable Prognosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:834249. [PMID: 35372028 PMCID: PMC8965759 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.834249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients often bear clinical and genetic heterogeneity, which may differ in management and prognosis. Especially, patients with advanced/metastatic UC generally have a poor prognosis and survive for only few months. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling is found to be highly activated in several cancers, including UC. However, accumulated evidence has shown discordance between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and UC carcinogenesis. Accordingly, we aim to get a better understanding of the molecular characterization of UC, focusing on the Wnt signaling, which may add value to guiding management more precisely. Patients and Methods Clinical data and pathological features were retrospectively surveyed. The correlations of secreted Frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) immunoexpression with clinicopathological features were analyzed by Pearson's chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test was employed to plot survival curves. All significant features from the univariate analysis were incorporated into the Cox regression model for multivariate analysis. Results Following data mining on a transcriptome dataset (GSE31684), we identified that 8 transcripts in relation to the Wnt signaling pathway (GO: 0016055) were significantly upregulated in advanced/metastatic bladder tumors. Among these transcripts, the SFRP2 level showed the most significant upregulation. Additionally, as SFRP2 is a putative Wnt inhibitor and may be expressed by stroma, we were interested in examining the immunoexpression and clinical relevance of stromal and tumoral SFRP2 in our urothelial carcinoma cohorts containing 295 urinary bladder UC (UBUC) and 340 upper urinary tract UC (UTUC) patients. We observed that high SFRP2 expression in stroma but not in tumors is significantly linked to aggressive UC features, including high tumor stage and histological grade, positive nodal metastasis, the presence of vascular and perineural invasion, and high mitotic activity in UBUC and UTUC. Moreover, high stromal SFRP2 expression significantly and independently predicted worse clinical outcomes in UBUC and UTUC. Utilizing bioinformatic analysis, we further noticed that stromal SFRP2 may link epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to UC progression. Conclusion Collectively, these results imply that stromal SFRP2 may exert oncogenic function beyond its Wnt antagonistic ability, and stromal SFRP2 expression can provide prognostic and therapeutic implications for UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yue Lai
- Center for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Center for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Tseng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Liang Liu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Division of Uro-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsi Hsing
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steven K. Huang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Chien-Feng Li, ; Steven K. Huang,
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Center for Precision Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan,Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Chien-Feng Li, ; Steven K. Huang,
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Samanta S, Mahata R, Santra MK. The Cross-Talk between Epigenetic Gene Regulation and Signaling Pathways Regulates Cancer Pathogenesis. Subcell Biochem 2022; 100:427-472. [PMID: 36301502 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-07634-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer begins due to uncontrolled cell division. Cancer cells are insensitive to the signals that control normal cell proliferation. This uncontrolled cell division is due to the accumulation of abnormalities in different factors associated with the cell division, including different cyclins, cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors, and cellular signaling. Cellular signaling pathways are aberrantly activated in cancer mainly due to epigenetic regulation and post-translational regulation. In this chapter, the role of epigenetic regulation in aberrant activation of PI3K/AKT, Ras, Wnt, Hedgehog, Notch, JAK/STAT, and mTOR signaling pathways in cancer progression is discussed. The role of epigenetic regulators in controlling the upstream regulatory proteins and downstream effector proteins responsible for abnormal cellular signaling-mediated cancer progression is covered in this chapter. Similarly, the role of signaling pathways in controlling epigenetic gene regulation-mediated cancer progression is also discussed. We have tried to ascertain the current status of potential epigenetic drugs targeting several epigenetic regulators to prevent different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Samanta
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rumpa Mahata
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manas Kumar Santra
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
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Validation of SFRP1 Promoter Hypermethylation in Plasma as a Prognostic Marker for Survival and Gemcitabine Effectiveness in Patients with Stage IV Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225717. [PMID: 34830873 PMCID: PMC8616084 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease with an incredibly grim prognosis. Most patients die within one year of receiving the diagnosis. There are currently very few tools to help the clinician decide between treatment options and evaluate prognosis at an individual level. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of promoter hypermethylation of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (phSFRP1) as an independent prognostic blood-based biomarker in gemcitabine-treated patients with advanced PDAC. The study was conducted as a combined discovery and validation study. Analysis in both cohorts confirmed that patients with phSFRP1 had overall poorer survival compared to those without hypermethylation. Thus, phSFRP1 shows promise as an independent prognostic biomarker in this patient group and can hopefully aid the clinician and patient find the correct balance between quantity and quality of life. Abstract No reliable predictive blood-based biomarkers are available for determining survival from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This combined discovery and validation study examines promoter hypermethylation (ph) of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) in plasma-derived cell-free DNA as an independent prognostic marker for survival and Gemcitabine effectiveness in patients with stage IV PDAC. We conducted methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis of the promoter region of the SFRP1 gene, based on bisulfite treatment. Survival was analyzed with Kaplan–Meier curves, log-rank test, and Cox regression. The discovery cohort included 40 patients, 25 receiving Gem. Gem-treated patients with phSFRP1 had a shorter median overall survival (mOS) (4.4 months) than unmethylated patients (11.6 months). Adjusted Cox-regression yielded a hazard rate (HR) of 3.48 (1.39–8.70). The validation cohort included 58 Gem-treated patients. Patients with phSFRP1 had a shorter mOS (3.2 months) than unmethylated patients (6.3 months). Adjusted Cox regression yielded an HR of 3.53 (1.85–6.74). In both cohorts, phSFRP1 was associated with poorer survival in Gem-treated patients. This may indicate that tumors with phSFRP1 are more aggressive and less sensitive to Gem treatment. This knowledge may facilitate tailored treatment of patients with stage IV PDAC. Further studies are planned to examine phSFRP1 in more intensive chemotherapy regimens.
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Sremac M, Paic F, Grubelic Ravic K, Serman L, Pavicic Dujmovic A, Brcic I, Krznaric Z, Nikuseva Martic T. Aberrant expression of SFRP1, SFRP3, DVL2 and DVL3 Wnt signaling pathway components in diffuse gastric carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:822. [PMID: 34691249 PMCID: PMC8527567 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse gastric carcinoma (DGC) is characterized by poorly cohesive cells, highly invasive growth patterns, poor prognosis and resistance to the majority of available systemic therapeutic strategies. It has been previously reported that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway serves a prominent role in the tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoma. However, the mechanism underlying the dysregulation of this pathway in DGC has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the expression profiles of Wnt antagonists, secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and secreted frizzled-related protein 3 (SFRP3), and dishevelled protein family members, dishevelled segment polarity protein 2 (DVL2) and dishevelled segment polarity protein 3 (DVL3), in DGC tissues. The association between the expression levels of these factors and the clinicopathological parameters of the patients was determined. Protein and mRNA expression levels in 62 DGC tumor tissues and 62 normal gastric mucosal tissues obtained from patients with non-malignant disease were measured using immunohistochemical and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. Significantly lower protein expression levels of SFRP1 (P<0.001) and SFRP3 (P<0.001), but significantly higher protein expression levels of DVL2 (P<0.001) and DVL3 (P<0.001) were observed in DGC tissues compared with in control tissues by immunohistochemistry. In addition, significantly lower expression levels of SFRP1 (P<0.05) and higher expression levels of DVL3 (P<0.05) were found in in DGC tissues compared with those in normal gastric mucosal tissues using RT-qPCR. According to correlation analysis between the SFRP1, SFRP3, DVL2 and DVL3 protein expression levels and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with DGC, a statistically significant correlation was found between the SFRP3 volume density and T stage (r=0.304; P=0.017) and between the SFRP3 volume density and clinical stage (r=0.336; P=0.008). In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that the Wnt signaling pathway components SFRP1, SFRP3, DVL2 and DVL3 may be aberrantly expressed in DGC tissues, implicating their possible role in the development of this malignant disease. The present data also revealed a positive relationship between SFRP3 protein expression and the clinical and T stage of DGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Sremac
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Frane Paic
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katja Grubelic Ravic
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ljiljana Serman
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.,Centre of Excellence in Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aja Pavicic Dujmovic
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital 'Dr. Ivo Pedisic', 44000 Sisak, Croatia
| | - Iva Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Zeljko Krznaric
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Nikuseva Martic
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.,Centre of Excellence in Reproductive and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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A Warburg-like metabolic program coordinates Wnt, AMPK, and mTOR signaling pathways in epileptogenesis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252282. [PMID: 34358226 PMCID: PMC8345866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex neurological condition characterized by repeated spontaneous seizures and can be induced by initiating seizures known as status epilepticus (SE). Elaborating the critical molecular mechanisms following SE are central to understanding the establishment of chronic seizures. Here, we identify a transient program of molecular and metabolic signaling in the early epileptogenic period, centered on day five following SE in the pre-clinical kainate or pilocarpine models of temporal lobe epilepsy. Our work now elaborates a new molecular mechanism centered around Wnt signaling and a growing network comprised of metabolic reprogramming and mTOR activation. Biochemical, metabolomic, confocal microscopy and mouse genetics experiments all demonstrate coordinated activation of Wnt signaling, predominantly in neurons, and the ensuing induction of an overall aerobic glycolysis (Warburg-like phenomenon) and an altered TCA cycle in early epileptogenesis. A centerpiece of the mechanism is the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) through its kinase and Wnt target genes PDK4. Intriguingly, PDH is a central gene in certain genetic epilepsies, underscoring the relevance of our elaborated mechanisms. While sharing some features with cancers, the Warburg-like metabolism in early epileptogenesis is uniquely split between neurons and astrocytes to achieve an overall novel metabolic reprogramming. This split Warburg metabolic reprogramming triggers an inhibition of AMPK and subsequent activation of mTOR, which is a signature event of epileptogenesis. Interrogation of the mechanism with the metabolic inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose surprisingly demonstrated that Wnt signaling and the resulting metabolic reprogramming lies upstream of mTOR activation in epileptogenesis. To augment the pre-clinical pilocarpine and kainate models, aspects of the proposed mechanisms were also investigated and correlated in a genetic model of constitutive Wnt signaling (deletion of the transcriptional repressor and Wnt pathway inhibitor HBP1). The results from the HBP1-/- mice provide a genetic evidence that Wnt signaling may set the threshold of acquired seizure susceptibility with a similar molecular framework. Using biochemistry and genetics, this paper outlines a new molecular framework of early epileptogenesis and advances a potential molecular platform for refining therapeutic strategies in attenuating recurrent seizures.
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Comprehensive Analysis of SFRP Family Members Prognostic Value and Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:life11060522. [PMID: 34205081 PMCID: PMC8228899 DOI: 10.3390/life11060522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer globally. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRP) are important elements associated with the Wnt signaling pathway, and its dysregulated expression is found in multiple cancers. However, the function of distinct SFRPs in GC remains poorly understood. We investigated the differential expression, prognostic value, and immune cell infiltration of SFRPs in gastric cancer patients from the Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBioPortal, STRING, Gene-MANIA, DAVID, MethSurv, and TIMER databases. We found that the expression levels of SFRP2 and SFRP4 were significantly increased in GC tissues, whereas the SFRP1 and SFRP5 expressions were reduced. SFRP1, SFRP2, and SFRP5 were significantly correlated with the clinical cancer stage in GC patients. Higher expression of SFRPs was associated with short overall survival (OS) in GC patients. Besides, high SFRPs methylation showed favorable OS in GC patients. The functions of SFRPs were primarily related to the Wnt signaling pathway, immune system development, and basal cell carcinoma. The expression of SFRPs was strongly correlated with immune infiltrating cells, including CD4+ T cells and macrophages in GC. Our study indicated that SFRPs could be potential targets of precision therapy and prognostic biomarkers for the survival of GC patients.
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Foster JW, Parikh RN, Wang J, Bower KS, Matthaei M, Chakravarti S, Jun AS, Eberhart CG, Soiberman US. Transcriptomic and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Progressive Keratoconus Reveal Altered WNT10A in Epithelium and Bowman's Layer. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:16. [PMID: 33988693 PMCID: PMC8132000 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.6.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify global gene expression changes in the corneal epithelium of keratoconus (KC) patients compared to non-KC myopic controls. Methods RNA-sequencing was performed on corneal epithelium samples of five progressive KC and five myopic control patients. Selected results were validated using TaqMan quantitative PCR (qPCR) on 31 additional independent samples, and protein level validation was conducted using western blot analysis on a subset. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarrays containing cores from over 100 KC and control cases. WNT10A transcript levels in corneal epithelium were correlated with tomographic indicators of KC disease severity in 15 eyes. Additionally, WNT10A was overexpressed in vitro in immortalized corneal epithelial cells. Results WNT10A was found to be underexpressed in KC epithelium at the transcript (ratio KC/control = 0.59, P = 0.02 per RNA-sequencing study; ratio = 0.66, P = 0.03 per qPCR) and protein (ratio = 0.07, P = 0.06) levels. Immunohistochemical analysis also indicated WNT10A protein was decreased in Bowman's layer of KC patients. In contrast, WNT10A transcript level positively correlated with increased keratometry (Kmax ρ = 0.57, P = 0.02). Finally, WNT10A positively regulated COL1A1 expression in corneal epithelial cells. Conclusions A specific Wnt ligand, WNT10A, is reduced at the mRNA and protein level in KC epithelium and Bowman's layer. This ligand positively regulates collagen type I expression in corneal epithelial cells. The results suggest that WNT10A expression in the corneal epithelium may play a role in progressive KC.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Foster
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Rupin N Parikh
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jiangxia Wang
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Kraig S Bower
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Mario Matthaei
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shukti Chakravarti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, United States
| | - Albert S Jun
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Uri S Soiberman
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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COXIBs and 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib counteract the hyperactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway and COX-2/PGE2/EP4 signaling in glioblastoma cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:493. [PMID: 33941107 PMCID: PMC8091781 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest and the most common primary brain tumor in adults. The invasiveness and proliferation of GBM cells can be decreased through the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In this regard, celecoxib is a promising agent, but other COXIBs and 2,5-dimethylcelecoxib (2,5-DMC) await elucidation. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the impact of celecoxib, 2,5-DMC, etori-, rofe-, and valdecoxib on GBM cell viability and the activity of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, the combination of the compounds with temozolomide (TMZ) was also evaluated. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis, MGMT methylation level, COX-2 and PGE2 EP4 protein levels were also determined in order to better understand the molecular mechanisms exerted by these compounds and to find out which of them can serve best in GBM therapy. METHODS Celecoxib, 2,5-DMC, etori-, rofe- and valdecoxib were evaluated using three commercially available and two patient-derived GBM cell lines. Cell viability was analyzed using MTT assay, whereas alterations in MGMT methylation level were determined using MS-HRM method. The impact of COXIBs, in the presence and absence of TMZ, on Wnt pathway was measured on the basis of the expression of β-catenin target genes. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis analysis were performed using flow cytometry. COX-2 and PGE2 EP4 receptor expression were evaluated using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Wnt/β-catenin pathway was attenuated by COXIBs and 2,5-DMC irrespective of the COX-2 expression profile of the treated cells, their MGMT methylation status, or radio/chemoresistance. Celecoxib and 2,5-DMC were the most cytotoxic. Cell cycle distribution was altered, and apoptosis was induced after the treatment with celecoxib, 2,5-DMC, etori- and valdecoxib in T98G cell line. COXIBs and 2,5-DMC did not influence MGMT methylation status, but inhibited COX-2/PGE2/EP4 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Not only celecoxib, but also 2,5-DMC, etori-, rofe- and valdecoxib should be further investigated as potential good anti-GBM therapeutics.
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Vatner DE, Zhang J, Zhao X, Yan L, Kudej R, Vatner SF. Secreted frizzled protein 3 is a novel cardioprotective mechanism unique to the clinically relevant fourth window of ischemic preconditioning. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H798-H804. [PMID: 33337959 PMCID: PMC8082796 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00849.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Most studies on ischemic preconditioning (IPC) use one or two ischemic stimuli before examining cardioprotection. To better simulate the clinical situation, we examined, in pigs, the effects of six episodes of 10 min coronary artery occlusion (CAO) 12 h apart, followed by 60 min CAO. We named this model the fourth window of IPC. To determine the novel mechanisms mediating cardioprotection in the fourth window, gene analysis was examined in fourth window IPC cardiac tissue 60 min after the last episode of 10 min CAO. Secreted frizzled-related protein 3 (sFRP3) was the most significantly upregulated gene that was unique to the fourth window, that is, not found in the first, second, or third window IPC. To study the effects of sFRP3 on cardioprotection, sFRP3 was injected in the hearts of wild-type (WT) mice. In the [CAO/coronary artery reperfusion (CAR)] model (30 min CAO followed by 24 h CAR), infarct size was less, P < 0.01, after sFRP3 injection (14% ± 1.7%) compared with vehicle injection (48% ± 1.6%). sFRP3 injection also protected the development of heart failure following permanent CAO for 2 wk. Left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly improved, P < 0.05, at 2 wk after CAO with sFRP3 (53% ± 5%) compared with vehicle (36% ± 2%) and was accompanied by significant, P < 0.01, reductions in myocardial fibrosis (53% ± 4%), myocyte size (17% ± 3%), apoptosis (100%), and mortality (56%). Thus, sFRP3, unique to the clinically relevant fourth window IPC model, is a novel mechanism mediating ischemic cardioprotection.NEW & NOTEWORTHY1) This investigation identifies the novel fourth window of ischemic preconditioning. 2) sFRP3 was identified as the most significantly upregulated gene in the fourth window and was shown to induce cardioprotection when administered to the hearts of wild-type mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy E Vatner
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Lin Yan
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Raymond Kudej
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Stephen F Vatner
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
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Ren J, Wang D, Huang H, Li X, Zhuang X, Li J. miR-1260b Activates Wnt Signaling by Targeting Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1 to Regulate Taxane Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:557327. [PMID: 33224874 PMCID: PMC7674592 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.557327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to contribute to carcinogenesis; however, their association with tumor chemoresistance is not fully understood. In this study we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in resistance to taxane-based chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). Methods: We established paclitaxel-resistant A549 cells (A549/PTX) and docetaxel-resistant H1299 cells (H1299/DTX). In order to hit the mark, we employed multiple methods including qRT-PCR, western blotting analysis, loss/gain-of-function analysis, luciferase assays, drug sensitivity assays, animal experiment, wound-healing assay, and invasion assay. Results: Bioinformatics analysis and a luciferase reporter assay revealed that secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) is a direct target of miR-1260b. By qRT-PCR analysis, we found that miR-1260b was significantly upregulated in taxane-resistant cells as compared to parental cells. Suppression of miR-1260b reversed the chemoresistance of human LAD cells to taxanes both in vitro and in vivo, whereas ectopic miR-1260b expression decreased the sensitivity of parental LAD cell lines to taxanes. Downregulation of miR-1260b expression inactivated the Wnt signaling pathway and reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype of taxane-resistant LAD cells. In clinical tumor tissue samples, high miR-1260b expression was detected in tumors of non-responding patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy and was associated with low SFRP1 expression and poor prognosis. Conclusions: Our findings reveal that targeting of the miR-1260b/SFRP1/Wnt signaling axis might provide a novel strategy for overcoming chemotherapy resistance in LAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hanpeng Huang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiufen Zhuang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Schuitemaker JHN, Beernink RHJ, Franx A, Cremers TIFH, Koster MPH. First trimester secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 and other adipokine serum concentrations in women developing gestational diabetes mellitus. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242423. [PMID: 33206702 PMCID: PMC7673552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate whether soluble frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4) concentration in the first trimester of pregnancy is individually, or in combination with Leptin, Chemerin and/or Adiponectin, associated with the development of gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods In a nested case-control study, 50 women with GDM who spontaneously conceived and delivered a live-born infant were matched with a total of 100 uncomplicated singleton control pregnancies based on body mass index (± 2 kg/m2), gestational age at sampling (exact day) and maternal age (± 2 years). In serum samples, obtained between 70–90 days gestational age, sFRP4, Chemerin, Leptin and Adiponectin concentrations were determined by ELISA. Statistical comparisons were performed using univariate and multi-variate logistic regression analysis after logarithmic transformation of the concentrations. Discrimination of the models was assessed by the area under the curve (AUC). Results First trimester sFRP4 concentrations were significantly increased in GDM cases (2.04 vs 1.93 ng/ml; p<0.05), just as Chemerin (3.19 vs 3.15 ng/ml; p<0.05) and Leptin (1.44 vs 1.32 ng/ml; p<0.01). Adiponectin concentrations were significantly decreased (2.83 vs 2.94 ng/ml; p<0.01) in GDM cases. Further analysis only showed a weak, though significant, correlation of sFRP4 with Chemerin (R2 = 0.124; p<0.001) and Leptin (R2 = 0.145; p<0.001), and Chemerin with Leptin (R2 = 0.282; p<0.001) in the control group. In a multivariate logistic regression model of these four markers, only Adiponectin showed to be significantly associated with GDM (odds ratio 0.12, 95%CI 0.02–0.68). The AUC of this model was 0.699 (95%CI 0.605–0.793). Conclusion In the first trimester of pregnancy, a multi-marker model with sFRP4, Leptin, Chemerin and Adiponectin is associated with the development of GDM. Therefore, this panel seems to be an interesting candidate to further evaluate for prediction of GDM in a prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost H. N. Schuitemaker
- Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Research & Development, IQ Products BV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rik H. J. Beernink
- Research & Development, IQ Products BV, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Arie Franx
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas I. F. H. Cremers
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maria P. H. Koster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Wang C, Wang Y, Wang H, Yang H, Cao Y, Xia D, Cao Y, Fan Z. SFRP2 enhances dental pulp stem cell-mediated dentin regeneration in rabbit jaw. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1738-1746. [PMID: 33128313 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-mediated tooth regeneration may be a useful therapeutic tool for repairing tooth loss. However, the low success rate of tooth regeneration restricts its clinical application. Identifying key factors for enhancing dentinogenesis in MSCs is crucial for promoting tooth regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were transfected with retrovirus to obtain SFRP2-over-expressing DPSCs. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Alizarin red staining, quantitative analysis of calcium, and dentinogenesis-related genes were detected. Additionally, transplantation in a rabbit tooth extraction model was used to explore the role of SFRP2 in dentin regeneration. RESULTS We found SFRP2 over-expression greatly enhanced ALP activity, and mineralization in DPSCs. Real-time RT-PCR revealed SFRP2 over-expression promoted the expressions of OSX, RUNX2, DSPP, DMP1, and BSP. Moreover, Micro CT analysis showed high-density calcification occurred to a much higher extent in SFRP2 over-expressing group compared to control group in vivo. Additionally, HE staining, immmunohistochemistry staining, and scanning electron microscopy results showed much more dentin-like tissue formed in SFRP2 over-expressing group compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed SFRP2 is an important regulator that enhances the dentinogenesis of DPSCs and dentin regeneration in the jaw, which may have clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of General Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuejun Wang
- Department of General Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of General Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - DengSheng Xia
- Department of General Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of General Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Lim WF, Mohamad Yusof MI, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12102993. [PMID: 33007803 PMCID: PMC7601446 DOI: 10.3390/nu12102993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera is a miracle plant with many nutritional and medicinal properties. Chemopreventive values of the combined mixture of moringa leaves and seed residue (MOLSr) at different ratios (M1S9, M1S1 and M9S1) were investigated. MOLSr extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, antioxidant assays, metabolite profiling and cytotoxic activity on the primary mammary epithelial cells (PMECs), non-malignant Chang’s liver cells and various human cancer cell lines (including breast, cervical, colon and liver cancer cell lines). The MOLSr ratio with the most potent cytotoxic activity was used in xenograft mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells for in vivo tumorigenicity study as well as further protein and gene expression studies. M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. Cell viability decreased significantly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PMECs after treatment with M1S9. Solid tumor from MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice was inhibited by up to 64.5% at third week after treatment with high-dose M1S9. High-dose M1S9 significantly decreased the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins as well as the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and solute carrier family 39 member 6 (SLC39A6) genes. This study provides new scientific evidence for the chemoprevention potential of MOLSr extracts in a breast cancer model; however, the precise mechanism warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Feng Lim
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
| | - Mohd Izwan Mohamad Yusof
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
| | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; (L.K.T.); (M.Z.S.); Tel.: +60-3-3258-4658 (L.K.T. & M.Z.S.)
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (W.F.L.); (M.I.M.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; (L.K.T.); (M.Z.S.); Tel.: +60-3-3258-4658 (L.K.T. & M.Z.S.)
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Pehlivan M, Soyoz M, Cerci B, Coven HIK, Yuce Z, Sercan HO. sFRP1 Expression Induces miRNAs That Modulate Wnt Signaling in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 (SFRP4) Is an Independent Prognostic Marker in Prostate Cancers Lacking TMPRSS2: ERG Fusions. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2709-2722. [PMID: 32677026 PMCID: PMC7471174 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) controls WNT signaling and is thought to play a role for tumor aggressiveness. Here, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing 11,152 prostate cancers with pathological, clinical and molecular data by immunohistochemistry. SFRP4 expression was higher in cancer than in non-neoplastic acinar cells. SFRP4 staining was seen in 64.9% of tumors and classified as weak in 33.2%, moderate in 23.9% and strong in 7.8% of cancers. SFRP4 overexpression was linked to advanced tumor stage, high classical/quantitative Gleason grade (p < 0.0001 each), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0002), and a positive surgical margin (p = 0.0017). SFRP4 positivity was markedly more frequent in ERG positive (77.4%) than in ERG negative cancers (57.4% p < 0.0001). Subset analyses in 2725 cancers with and 3592 cancers without TMPRSS2:ERG fusion revealed that associations with tumor phenotype and patient outcome were largely driven by the subset of ERG negative tumors. In a multivariate analysis including various postoperative and prognostic clinico-pathological features, SFRP4 protein expression emerged as an independent prognostic parameter in ERG negative cancers. SFRP4 immunostaining was significantly linked with 10 of 11 previously analyzed chromosomal deletions (p < 0.05 each). In conclusion, high SFRP4 immunostaining is associated with poor prognosis and genomic instability in ERG negative prostate cancers.
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MicroRNAs and Their Influence on the ZEB Family: Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071040. [PMID: 32664703 PMCID: PMC7407563 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways involved in cancer have been intensively studied due to their crucial role in cancer cell growth and dissemination. Among them, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) and -2 (ZEB2) are molecules that play vital roles in signaling pathways to ensure the survival of tumor cells, particularly through enhancing cell proliferation, promoting cell migration and invasion, and triggering drug resistance. Importantly, ZEB proteins are regulated by microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we demonstrate the impact that miRs have on cancer therapy, through their targeting of ZEB proteins. MiRs are able to act as onco-suppressor factors and inhibit the malignancy of tumor cells through ZEB1/2 down-regulation. This can lead to an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism, therefore reducing metastasis. Additionally, miRs are able to inhibit ZEB1/2-mediated drug resistance and immunosuppression. Additionally, we explore the upstream modulators of miRs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as these regulators can influence the inhibitory effect of miRs on ZEB proteins and cancer progression.
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SFRP5 inhibits melanin synthesis of melanocytes in vitiligo by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Genes Dis 2020; 8:677-688. [PMID: 34291139 PMCID: PMC8278527 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) plays a pivotal role in regulating the development of many tissues and organs, however, as an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, the role of SFRP5 in vitiligo remains unknown. Hence, we speculated that SFRP5 might be associated with melanogenesis in melanocytes by regulating Wnt signaling in vitiligo. In this study, we found that SFRP5 was overexpressed in the skin lesions of patients with vitiligo. Compared with that in normal epidermal melanocytes (PIG1), the expression of SFRP5 was increased in vitiligo melanocytes (PIG3V). To investigate the effect of SFRP5 on melanin synthesis, PIG1 cells were infected with recombinant SFRP5 adenovirus (AdSFRP5), and PIG3V cells were infected with recombinant siSFRP5 adenovirus (AdsiSFRP5). The results showed that SFRP5 overexpression inhibited melanin synthesis in PIG1 cells through downregulation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and its target proteins via suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Accordingly, SFRP5 silencing increased melanin synthesis and activated the Wnt signaling pathway in PIG3V cells. Moreover, SFRP5 overexpression also downregulated the transcriptional activity of T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) in PIG1 cells. Furthermore, this inhibitory effect of SFRP5 on melanin synthesis was reversed by treatment with the β-catenin agonist, SKL2001. The inhibitory action of SFRP5 in pigmentation was further confirmed in vivo using a nude mouse model. Hence, our results indicate that SFRP5 can inhibit melanogenesis in melanocytes. Additionally, our findings showed that SFRP5 plays a vital role in the development of vitiligo, and thus may serve as a potential therapeutic target for vitiligo.
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Baharudin R, Tieng FYF, Lee LH, Ab Mutalib NS. Epigenetics of SFRP1: The Dual Roles in Human Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E445. [PMID: 32074995 PMCID: PMC7072595 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) is a gene that belongs to the secreted glycoprotein SFRP family. SFRP1 has been classified as a tumor suppressor gene due to the loss of expression in various human cancers, which is mainly attributed by epigenetic inactivation via DNA methylation or transcriptional silencing by microRNAs. Epigenetic silencing of SFRP1 may cause dysregulation of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which lead to cancer cells formation, disease progression, poor prognosis, and treatment resistance. Hence, restoration of SFRP1 expression via demethylating drugs or over-expression experiments opens the possibility for new cancer therapy approach. While the role of SFRP1 as a tumor suppressor gene is well-established, some studies also reported the possible oncogenic properties of SFRP1 in cancers. In this review, we discussed in great detail the dual roles of SFRP1 in cancers-as tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. The epigenetic regulation of SFRP1 expression will also be underscored with additional emphasis on the potentials of SFRP1 in modulating responses toward chemotherapeutic and epigenetic-modifying drugs, which may encourage the development of novel drugs for cancer treatment. We also present findings from clinical trials and patents involving SFRP1 to illustrate its clinical utility, extensiveness of each research area, and progression toward commercialization. Lastly, this review provides directions for future research to advance SFRP1 as a promising cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashidah Baharudin
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.B.); (F.Y.F.T.)
| | - Francis Yew Fu Tieng
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.B.); (F.Y.F.T.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.B.); (F.Y.F.T.)
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Huang A, Huang Y. Role of Sfrps in cardiovascular disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320901990. [PMID: 32064070 PMCID: PMC6987486 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320901990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related proteins (Sfrps) are a family of secreted proteins that
bind extracellularly to Wnt ligands and frizzled receptors. This binding
modulates the Wnt signaling cascade, and Sfrps interact with their corresponding
receptors. Sfrps are thought to play an important role in the pathological
mechanism of cardiac disease such as myocardial infarction, cardiac remodeling,
and heart failure. However, the overall role of Sfrps in cardiac disease is
unknown. Some members of the Sfrps family modulate cellular apoptosis,
angiogenesis, differentiation, the inflammatory process, and cardiac remodeling.
In this review, we summarize the evidence of Sfrps association with cardiac
disease. We also discuss how multiple mechanisms may underlie Sfrps being
involved in such diverse pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yuli Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Jiazhi Road, Lunjiao Town, Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong 528300, China The George Institute for Global Health, NSW 2042, Australia
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25
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Regulation of carcinogenesis and modulation through Wnt/β-catenin signaling by curcumin in an ovarian cancer cell line. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17267. [PMID: 31754130 PMCID: PMC6872918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted frizzled-related protein 5 gene (SFRP5) that antagonize the Wnt/β-catenin signaling is frequently inactivated by promoter methylation and oncogenic activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is common in many cancers. The curcumin-rich Curcuma longa has been reported to potent anti-cancer property involved in epigenetic regulation to inhibit tumor suppressor gene methylation and re-expression. In a compounds screening, we found that curcumin can inhibit Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of curcumin on SFRP5 DNA methylation modification in an ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV3). SKOV3 cells were treated with DMSO, 10 μM 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (DAC), 5 μM DAC, 20 μM curcumin, and 20 μM curcumin combined with 5 μM DAC for 96 hours, following which RNA and proteins were extracted for further analysis. The results showed that curcumin combined with 5 μM DAC may inhibit cancer cell colony formation, migration through EMT (epithelial–mesenchymal transition) process regulation, total DNMT activity, especially in DNMT3a protein expression, and may also regulate tumor suppressor gene SFRP5 expression involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The combined treatment attenuated ovarian cancer development.
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26
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Wnt Binding Affinity Prediction for Putative Frizzled-Type Cysteine-Rich Domains. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174168. [PMID: 31454915 PMCID: PMC6747125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several proteins other than the frizzled receptors (Fzd) and the secreted Frizzled-related proteins (sFRP) contain Fzd-type cysteine-rich domains (CRD). We have termed these domains “putative Fzd-type CRDs”, as the relevance of Wnt signalling in the majority of these is unknown; the RORs, an exception to this, are well known for mediating non-canonical Wnt signalling. In this study, we have predicted the likely binding affinity of all Wnts for all putative Fzd-type CRDs. We applied both our previously determined Wnt‒Fzd CRD binding affinity prediction model, as well as a newly devised model wherein the lipid term was forced to contribute favourably to the predicted binding energy. The results obtained from our new model indicate that certain putative Fzd CRDs are much more likely to bind Wnts, in some cases exhibiting selectivity for specific Wnts. The results of this study inform the investigation of Wnt signalling modulation beyond Fzds and sFRPs.
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Yu J, Xie Y, Li M, Zhou F, Zhong Z, Liu Y, Wang F, Qi J. Association between SFRP promoter hypermethylation and different types of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3481-3492. [PMID: 31516566 PMCID: PMC6733008 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal methylation of secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) has been observed in various human cancer types. The loss of SFRP gene expression induces the activation of the Wnt pathway and is a vital mechanism for tumorigenesis and development. The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the association between SFRP methylation and cancer risk. A meta-analysis was systematically conducted to assess the clinicopathological significance of SFRP methylation in cancer risk. The Cochrane Library, PubMed and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched, and 83 publications with a total of 21,612 samples were selected for the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the degree of associations between SFRP promoter methylation and cancer risk. Subgroup analysis, meta regression and sensitivity analysis were used to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity. SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP4 and SFRP5 hypermethylation was significantly associated with cancer risk, with ORs of 8.48 (95% CI, 6.26-11.49), 8.21 (95% CI, 6.20-10.88), 11.41 (95% CI, 6.42-20.30) and 6.34 (95% CI, 3.86-10.42), respectively. SFRP2 methylation was significantly associated with differentiation in colorectal cancer (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.02-4.56). The results of the present study demonstrated that SFRP methylation may contribute to carcinogenesis, especially in certain cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Fenfang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyang Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xingguo County People's Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 344000, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jian Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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28
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Bukhari SA, Yasmin A, Zahoor MA, Mustafa G, Sarfraz I, Rasul A. Secreted frizzled‐related protein 4 and its implication in obesity and type‐2 diabetes. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1701-1710. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysha Yasmin
- Department of BiochemistryGovernment College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of BiochemistryGovernment College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of ZoologyGovernment College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of ZoologyGovernment College University Faisalabad Pakistan
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29
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Menyhárt O, Fekete JT, Győrffy B. Gene Expression Indicates Altered Immune Modulation and Signaling Pathway Activation in Ovarian Cancer Patients Resistant to Topotecan. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2750. [PMID: 31195594 PMCID: PMC6600443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the deadliest gynecological malignancies. Topotecan remains an essential tool in second-line therapy; even so, most patients develop resistance within a short period of time. We aimed to identify biomarkers of topotecan resistance by using gene expression signatures derived from patient specimens at surgery and available subsequent responses to therapy. Gene expression was collected for 1436 patients and 10,103 genes. Based on disease progression, patients were categorized as responders/nonresponders depending on their progression free survival (PFS) state at 9, 12, 15 and 18 months after surgery. For each gene, the median expression was compared between responders and nonresponders for two treatment regimens (chemotherapy including/excluding topotecan) with Mann-Whitney U test at each of the four different PFS cutoffs. Statistical significance was accepted in the case of p < 0.05 with a fold change (FC) ≥ 1.44. Four genes (EPB41L2, HLA-DQB1, LTF and SFRP1) were consistently overexpressed across multiple PFS cutoff times in initial tumor samples of patients with disease progression following topotecan treatment. A common theme linked to topotecan resistance was altered immune modulation. Genes associated with disease progression after systemic chemotherapy emphasize the role of the initial organization of the tumor microenvironment in therapy resistance. Our results uncover biomarkers with potential utility for patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otília Menyhárt
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 7-9, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - János Tibor Fekete
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 7-9, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 7-9, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
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30
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Zhao Y, Carter R, Natarajan S, Varn FS, Compton DA, Gawad C, Cheng C, Godek KM. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the impact of chromosomal instability on glioblastoma cancer stem cells. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:79. [PMID: 31151460 PMCID: PMC6545015 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0532-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intra-tumor heterogeneity stems from genetic, epigenetic, functional, and environmental differences among tumor cells. A major source of genetic heterogeneity comes from DNA sequence differences and/or whole chromosome and focal copy number variations (CNVs). Whole chromosome CNVs are caused by chromosomal instability (CIN) that is defined by a persistently high rate of chromosome mis-segregation. Accordingly, CIN causes constantly changing karyotypes that result in extensive cell-to-cell genetic heterogeneity. How the genetic heterogeneity caused by CIN influences gene expression in individual cells remains unknown. Methods We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on a chromosomally unstable glioblastoma cancer stem cell (CSC) line and a control normal, diploid neural stem cell (NSC) line to investigate the impact of CNV due to CIN on gene expression. From the gene expression data, we computationally inferred large-scale CNVs in single cells. Also, we performed copy number adjusted differential gene expression analysis between NSCs and glioblastoma CSCs to identify copy number dependent and independent differentially expressed genes. Results Here, we demonstrate that gene expression across large genomic regions scales proportionally to whole chromosome copy number in chromosomally unstable CSCs. Also, we show that the differential expression of most genes between normal NSCs and glioblastoma CSCs is largely accounted for by copy number alterations. However, we identify 269 genes whose differential expression in glioblastoma CSCs relative to normal NSCs is independent of copy number. Moreover, a gene signature derived from the subset of genes that are differential expressed independent of copy number in glioblastoma CSCs correlates with tumor grade and is prognostic for patient survival. Conclusions These results demonstrate that CIN is directly responsible for gene expression changes and contributes to both genetic and transcriptional heterogeneity among glioblastoma CSCs. These results also demonstrate that the expression of some genes is buffered against changes in copy number, thus preserving some consistency in gene expression levels from cell-to-cell despite the continuous change in karyotype driven by CIN. Importantly, a gene signature derived from the subset of genes whose expression is buffered against copy number alterations correlates with tumor grade and is prognostic for patient survival that could facilitate patient diagnosis and treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0532-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanding Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Robert Carter
- Departments of Oncology and Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sivaraman Natarajan
- Departments of Oncology and Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Frederick S Varn
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.,Present Address: Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Duane A Compton
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, HB7200, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Charles Gawad
- Departments of Oncology and Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA. .,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA. .,Present Address: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Kristina M Godek
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, HB7200, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA. .,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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31
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Chen Y, Zou D, Wang N, Tan T, Liu Y, Zhao Q, Pu Y, Thapa RJ, Chen J. SFRP5 inhibits the migration and invasion of melanoma cells through Wnt signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8761-8772. [PMID: 30584334 PMCID: PMC6287589 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s181146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) plays a key role in the development and progression of multiple tumors. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of SFRP5 in melanoma cells remain unknown. Materials and methods We used immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis to detect the expression of SFRP5 in melanoma tissues and melanoma cells, respectively. Furthermore, both in vitro and in vivo assays were used to determine the effect of SFRP5 on malignant behavior in melanoma cells. Results We found that SFRP5 was markedly downregulated in melanoma tissues and cell lines. The SFRP5 overexpression exhibited no effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of melanoma cells but markedly suppressed the migration and invasion of melanoma cells in vitro. Regarding mechanisms, the SFRP5 overexpression inhibited the migration and invasion of melanoma cells by suppressing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process and decreasing the matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 expression through the Wnt signaling pathway. Finally, in a xenograft animal model, we illustrated that the SFRP5 overexpression suppressed the tumor growth by decreasing angiogenesis and declined lung metastasis. Conclusion This study suggests that SFRP5 expression could be potentially useful in the invasion and metastasis of melanoma and serve as a putative promising target for human melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China,
| | - Daopei Zou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China,
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China,
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China,
| | - Yihuan Pu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China,
| | - Rabin Jung Thapa
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China,
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China,
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32
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Peng JX, Liang SY, Li L. sFRP1 exerts effects on gastric cancer cells through GSK3β/Rac1‑mediated restraint of TGFβ/Smad3 signaling. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:224-234. [PMID: 30542739 PMCID: PMC6278527 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (sFRP1) is an inhibitor of canonical Wnt signaling; however, previous studies have determined a tumor-promoting function of sFRP1 in a number of different cancer types. A previous study demonstrated that sFRP1 overexpression was associated with an aggressive phenotype and the activation of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling. sFRP1 overexpression and sFRP1 knockdown cell models were established. Immunoblotting was conducted to examine the protein levels of the associated molecules. Immunofluorescence staining followed by confocal microscopy was performed to visualize the cytoskeleton alterations and subcellular localization of key proteins. sFRP1 overexpression restored glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity, which activated Rac family small GTPase 1 (Rac1). GSK3β and Rac1 mediated the effect of sFRP1 on the positive regulation of cell growth and migration/invasion. Inhibition of GSK3β or Rac1 abolished the regulation of sFRP1 on TGFβ/SMAD family member 3 (Smad3) signaling and the aggressive phenotype; however, GSK3β or Rac1 overexpression increased cell migration/invasion and restrained Smad3 activity by preventing its nuclear translocation and limiting its transcriptional activity. The present study demonstrated a tumor-promoting function of sFRP1-overexpression by selectively activating TGFβ signaling in gastric cancer cells. GSK3β and Rac1 serve an important function in mediating the sFRP1-induced malignant alterations and signaling changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xiang Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Shun-Yu Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Affiliated Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
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33
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Chae WJ, Bothwell ALM. Canonical and Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling in Immune Cells. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:830-847. [PMID: 30213499 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell differentiation, proliferation, and death are vital for immune homeostasis. Wnt signaling plays essential roles in processes across species. The roles of Wnt signaling proteins and Wnt ligands have been studied in the past, but the context-dependent mechanisms and functions of these pathways in immune responses remain unclear. Recent findings regarding the role of Wnt ligands and Wnt signaling in immune cells and their immunomodulatory mechanisms suggest that Wnt ligands and signaling are significant in regulating immune responses. We introduce recent key findings and future perspectives on Wnt ligands and their signaling pathways in immune cells as well as the immunological roles and functions of Wnt antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wook-Jin Chae
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Alfred L M Bothwell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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34
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Spagnuolo M, Regazzo G, De Dominici M, Sacconi A, Pelosi A, Korita E, Marchesi F, Pisani F, Magenta A, Lulli V, Cordone I, Mengarelli A, Strano S, Blandino G, Rizzo MG, Calabretta B. Transcriptional activation of the miR-17-92 cluster is involved in the growth-promoting effects of MYB in human Ph-positive leukemia cells. Haematologica 2018; 104:82-92. [PMID: 30076175 PMCID: PMC6312025 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.191213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs, non-coding regulators of gene expression, are likely to function as important downstream effectors of many transcription factors including MYB. Optimal levels of MYB are required for transformation/maintenance of BCR-ABL-expressing cells. We investigated whether MYB silencing modulates microRNA expression in Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) leukemia cells and if MYB-regulated microRNAs are important for the “MYB addiction” of these cells. Thirty-five microRNAs were modulated by MYB silencing in lymphoid and erythromyeloid chronic myeloid leukemia-blast crisis BV173 and K562 cells; 15 of these were concordantly modulated in both lines. We focused on the miR-17-92 cluster because of its oncogenic role in tumors and found that: i) it is a direct MYB target; ii) it partially rescued the impaired proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of MYB-silenced BV173 cells. Moreover, we identified FRZB, a Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor, as a novel target of the miR-17-92 cluster. High expression of MYB in blast cells from 2 Ph+leukemia patients correlated positively with the miR-17-92 cluster and inversely with FRZB. This expression pattern was also observed in a microarray dataset of 122 Ph+acute lymphoblastic leukemias. In vivo experiments in NOD scid gamma mice injected with BV173 cells confirmed that FRZB functions as a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor even as they failed to demonstrate that this pathway is important for BV173-dependent leukemogenesis. These studies illustrate the global effects of MYB expression on the microRNAs profile of Ph+cells and supports the concept that the “MYB addiction” of these cells is, in part, caused by modulation of microRNA-regulated pathways affecting cell proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Spagnuolo
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Regazzo
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Dominici
- Department of Cancer Biology and Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelosi
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Etleva Korita
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Marchesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology-Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology-Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Magenta
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, FLMM, Laboratorio di Patologia Vascolare, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lulli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Cordone
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Clinical Pathology Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Mengarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology-Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria G Rizzo
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Translational Research Area, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Calabretta
- Department of Cancer Biology and Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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35
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Bravo D, Salduz A, Shogren KL, Okuno MN, Herrick JL, Okuno SH, Galindo M, van Wijnen AJ, Yaszemski MJ, Maran A. Decreased local and systemic levels of sFRP3 protein in osteosarcoma patients. Gene 2018; 674:1-7. [PMID: 29933019 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that occurs mainly in children and adolescents. Because Wnt signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma, we have investigated the circulating and local levels of the Wnt antagonist protein, Secreted Frizzled Related Protein (sFRP) 3, in osteosarcoma patients. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of 67 osteosarcoma and age-matched non-diseased control sera showed that sFPR3 protein levels were significantly lower in osteosarcoma than in normal. Analysis of tumor and adjacent normal tissues (9 pairs) from osteosarcoma patients showed a decrease in sFRP3 expression in 5 out of 9 tumor samples compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarray revealed a significant decrease in sFRP3 levels in tumor compared to normal bone. RNA sequencing analysis in osteosarcoma cells shows suppression of sFRP3 and concomitant expression of multiple Wnt family members mediating canonical or non-canonical Wnt signaling. Taken together, our findings show that the systemic and local levels of sFRP3 protein are downregulated in osteosarcoma and sFRP3 levels could be explored further in the diagnosis and the care of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalibel Bravo
- Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ahmet Salduz
- Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Madison N Okuno
- Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Herrick
- Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Mario Galindo
- Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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36
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Oh SC, Sohn BH, Cheong JH, Kim SB, Lee JE, Park KC, Lee SH, Park JL, Park YY, Lee HS, Jang HJ, Park ES, Kim SC, Heo J, Chu IS, Jang YJ, Mok YJ, Jung W, Kim BH, Kim A, Cho JY, Lim JY, Hayashi Y, Song S, Elimova E, Estralla JS, Lee JH, Bhutani MS, Lu Y, Liu W, Lee J, Kang WK, Kim S, Noh SH, Mills GB, Kim SY, Ajani JA, Lee JS. Clinical and genomic landscape of gastric cancer with a mesenchymal phenotype. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1777. [PMID: 29725014 PMCID: PMC5934392 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04179-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous cancer, making treatment responses difficult to predict. Here we show that we identify two distinct molecular subtypes, mesenchymal phenotype (MP) and epithelial phenotype (EP), by analyzing genomic and proteomic data. Molecularly, MP subtype tumors show high genomic integrity characterized by low mutation rates and microsatellite stability, whereas EP subtype tumors show low genomic integrity. Clinically, the MP subtype is associated with markedly poor survival and resistance to standard chemotherapy, whereas the EP subtype is associated with better survival rates and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Integrative analysis shows that signaling pathways driving epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)/IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) pathway are highly activated in MP subtype tumors. Importantly, MP subtype cancer cells are more sensitive to inhibition of IGF1/IGF1R pathway than EP subtype. Detailed characterization of these two subtypes could identify novel therapeutic targets and useful biomarkers for prognosis and therapy response. The prognosis and treatment of gastric cancer is complicated by heterogeneity. Here, the authors reveal two molecular subtypes, the mesenchymal subtype associated with poor survival and chemoresistance, and the epithelial phenotype associated with better survival and sensitivity to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Cheul Oh
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Division of Hemato-Oncology, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Korea
| | - Bo Hwa Sohn
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sang-Bae Kim
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jae Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ki Cheong Park
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kosin University, College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Korea
| | - Jong-Lyul Park
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Yun-Yong Park
- Department of Medicine, ASAN Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sung Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hee-Jin Jang
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Eun Sung Park
- Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Korea
| | - Sang-Cheol Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Heo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Kosin University, College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Korea
| | - In-Sun Chu
- Korean Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jang
- Department of Surgery, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Mok
- Department of Surgery, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Korea
| | - WonKyung Jung
- Department of Surgery, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Korea
| | - Baek-Hui Kim
- Department of Pathology, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Korea
| | - Aeree Kim
- Department of Pathology, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 08308, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Cho
- Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Jae Yun Lim
- Medical Oncology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Yuki Hayashi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Elena Elimova
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeannelyn S Estralla
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Lee
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Manoop S Bhutani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Won Ki Kang
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Sung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Noh
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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37
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Wang Z, Li R, He Y, Huang S. Effects of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:48. [PMID: 29610564 PMCID: PMC5872544 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0543-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) is a member of the SFRPs family that modulates the Wnt signal transduction pathway. Recent studies have showed down-regulation of SFRP1 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to evaluate the effect of SFRP1 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro. Materials and methods We used real-time fluorescence quantification (RT-PCR) and Western blotting to detect SFRP1 expression in CRC, pericarcinomatous tissues and CRC cell lines. We assessed the influence of overexpression and knockdown of SFRP1 on CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, Western blotting was used to evaluate protein levels of Wnt, β-catenin, and apoptosis-related proteins. Results The expression of SFRP1 was significantly decreased in CRC tissues. Among the six CRC cell lines (sw-480, sw1116, caco-2, ht-29, colo-205, and hct-116), RT-PCR revealed that sw1116 cells had the lowest expression of SFRP1, while caco-2 cells had the highest SFRP1 expression. SFRP1 overexpression in sw1116 cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation while SFRP1 knockdown in caco-2 cells significantly increase the cell proliferation. In addition, overexpression of SFRP1 in sw1116 cells remarkedly suppressed cell migration and invasion, whereas knockdown of SFRP1 in caco-2 cells resulted in significant enhancement of migration and invasion. Furthermore, SFRP1 overexpression in sw1116 cells promoted cell apoptosis. Western blotting showed that SFRP1 overexpression significantly decreased the protein levels of Wnt, β-catenin and apoptosis-related proteins, including MMP2, MMP9, Twist, CDK1, TGF, and Bcl2. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that SFRP1 suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promotes apoptosis in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongchuan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Rujia Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Yongshan He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
| | - Shiyong Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 China
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38
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Vincent KM, Postovit LM. Matricellular proteins in cancer: a focus on secreted Frizzled-related proteins. J Cell Commun Signal 2018; 12:103-112. [PMID: 28589318 PMCID: PMC5842174 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumours are complex entities, wherein cancer cells interact with myriad soluble, insoluble and cell associated factors. These microenvironmental mediators regulate tumour growth, progression and metastasis, and are produced by cancer cells and by stromal components such as fibroblast, adipocytes and immune cells. Through their ability to bind to extracellular matrix proteins, cell surface receptors and growth factors, matricellular proteins enable a dynamic reciprocity between cancer cells and their microenvironment. Hence, matricellular proteins play a critical role in tumour progression by regulating where and when cancer cells are exposed to key growth factors and regulatory proteins. Recent studies suggest that, in addition to altering Wingless (Wnt) signalling, certain members of the Secreted Frizzled Related Protein (sFRP) family are matricellular in nature. In this review, we outline the importance of matricellular proteins in cancer, and discuss how sFRPs may function to both inhibit and promote cancer progression in a context-dependent manner. By considering the matricellular functionality of sFRPs, we may better understand their apparently paradoxical roles in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Marie Vincent
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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Yang X, Han SW, Liu H, Zhu L, Chen YX, Ji ZN. Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) gene methylation changes in the human lung adenocarcinoma cells treated with L-securinine. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:163-171. [PMID: 28545308 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1329828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It is important to explore the biomarkers of diagnosis and prognosis in lung cancer. To evaluate the cytotoxicity of L-securinine and the expression and methylation of secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) genes in the human lung adenocarcinoma cells, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to assess the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells treated with L-securinine. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and bisulfite sequencing PCR were used to detect the expression and the DNA methylation of SFRPs genes, respectively. L-securinine inhibited the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells and induced the upregulation of SFRP1 gene expression and the methylation changes at CpG sites in the SFRP1 promoter region. L-securinine was a potential agent in the treatment of lung cancer by upregulation of SFRP1 gene expression and changing the SFRP1 gene methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- a Department of Intervention and Radiotherapy , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou 313000 , China
| | - Shu-Wen Han
- b Department of Medical Oncology , Huzhou Central Hospital , Huzhou 313000 , China
| | - Hui Liu
- c Department of Medical Oncology , Wuxi No.5 People's Hospital , Wuxi 214000 , China
| | - Ling Zhu
- d Department of Oncology , Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241000 , China
| | - Yu-Xin Chen
- e The Cancer Center , Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , China
| | - Zhao-Ning Ji
- e The Cancer Center , Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College , Wuhu 241001 , China
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40
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Mebarki S, Désert R, Sulpice L, Sicard M, Desille M, Canal F, Dubois-Pot Schneider H, Bergeat D, Turlin B, Bellaud P, Lavergne E, Le Guével R, Corlu A, Perret C, Coulouarn C, Clément B, Musso O. De novo HAPLN1 expression hallmarks Wnt-induced stem cell and fibrogenic networks leading to aggressive human hepatocellular carcinomas. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39026-39043. [PMID: 27191501 PMCID: PMC5129911 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
About 20% hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) display wild-type β-catenin, enhanced Wnt signaling, hepatocyte dedifferentiation and bad outcome, suggesting a specific impact of Wnt signals on HCC stem/progenitor cells. To study Wnt-specific molecular pathways, cell fates and clinical outcome, we fine-tuned Wnt/β-catenin signaling in liver progenitor cells, using the prototypical Wnt ligand Wnt3a. Cell biology assays and transcriptomic profiling were performed in HepaRG hepatic progenitors exposed to Wnt3a after β-catenin knockdown or Wnt inhibition with FZD8_CRD. Gene expression network, molecular pathology and survival analyses were performed on HCCs and matching non-tumor livers from 70 patients by real-time PCR and tissue micro-array-based immunohistochemistry. Wnt3a reprogrammed liver progenitors to replicating fibrogenic myofibroblast-like cells displaying stem and invasive features. Invasion was inhibited by 30 nM FZD7 and FZD8 CRDs. Translation of these data to human HCCs revealed two tight gene networks associating cell surface Wnt signaling, stem/progenitor markers and mesenchymal commitment. Both networks were linked by Hyaluronan And Proteoglycan Link Protein 1 (HAPLN1), that appeared de novo in aggressive HCCs expressing cytoplasmic β-catenin and stem cell markers. HAPLN1 was independently associated with bad overall and disease-free outcome. In vitro, HAPLN1 was expressed de novo in EPCAM¯/NCAM+ mesoderm-committed progenitors, upon spontaneous epithelial-mesenchymal transition and de-differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells to liver progenitors. In these cells, HAPLN1 knockdown downregulated key markers of mesenchymal cells, such as Snail, LGR5, collagen IV and α-SMA. In conclusion, HAPLN1 reflects a signaling network leading to stemness, mesenchymal commitment and HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihem Mebarki
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Romain Désert
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Sulpice
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,CHU de Rennes, Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Rennes, France
| | - Marie Sicard
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Mireille Desille
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,CHU de Rennes, Centre de Ressources Biologiques Santé, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Canal
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Damien Bergeat
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,CHU de Rennes, Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Rennes, France
| | - Bruno Turlin
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,CHU de Rennes, Centre de Ressources Biologiques Santé, Rennes, France
| | - Pascale Bellaud
- Université de Rennes 1, UMS 18 Biosit, Biogenouest, Rennes, France
| | - Elise Lavergne
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Rémy Le Guével
- Université de Rennes 1, UMS 18 Biosit, Biogenouest, ImPACcellCore Facility, Rennes, France
| | - Anne Corlu
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, UMS 18 Biosit, Biogenouest, ImPACcellCore Facility, Rennes, France
| | - Christine Perret
- Inserm, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Coulouarn
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Bruno Clément
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Orlando Musso
- Inserm, UMR991, Liver Metabolisms and Cancer, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Expression Levels and Localizations of DVL3 and sFRP3 in Glioblastoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2017; 2017:9253495. [PMID: 29200599 PMCID: PMC5671711 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9253495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The expression patterns of critical molecular components of Wnt signaling, sFRP3 and DVL3, were investigated in glioblastoma, the most aggressive form of primary brain tumors, with the aim to offer potential biomarkers. The protein expression levels and localizations in tumor tissue were revealed by immunohistochemistry and evaluated by the semiquantitative method and immunoreactivity score. Majority of glioblastomas had moderate expression levels for both DVL3 (52.4%) and sFRP3 (52.3%). Strong expression levels were observed in 23.1% and 36.0% of samples, respectively. DVL3 was localized in cytoplasm in 97% of glioblastomas, of which 44% coexpressed the protein in the nucleus. sFRP3 subcellular distribution showed that it was localized in the cytoplasm in 94% of cases. Colocalization in the cytoplasm and nucleus was observed in 50% of samples. Wilcox test indicated that the domination of the strong signal is in connection with simultaneous localization of DVL3 protein in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Patients with strong expression of DVL3 will significantly more often have the protein in the nucleus (P = 6.33 × 10−5). No significant correlation between the two proteins was established, nor were their signal strengths correlated with epidemiological parameters. Our study contributes to better understanding of glioblastoma molecular profile.
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Bahl C, Sharma S, Singh N, Behera D. Single nucleotide variations in the Wnt antagonist sFRP3 (rs7775 & rs288326) and sFRP4 (rs1802073 & 1802074) genes and their association with lung cancer risk in North Indians. Meta Gene 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Agostino M, Pohl SÖG, Dharmarajan A. Structure-based prediction of Wnt binding affinities for Frizzled-type cysteine-rich domains. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:11218-11229. [PMID: 28533339 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.786269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathways are of significant interest in development and oncogenesis. The first step in these pathways typically involves the binding of a Wnt protein to the cysteine-rich domain (CRD) of a Frizzled receptor. Wnt-Frizzled interactions can be antagonized by secreted Frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs), which also contain a Frizzled-like CRD. The large number of Wnts, Frizzleds, and SFRPs, as well as the hydrophobic nature of Wnt, poses challenges to laboratory-based investigations of interactions involving Wnt. Here, utilizing structural knowledge of a representative Wnt-Frizzled CRD interaction, as well as experimentally determined binding affinities for a selection of Wnt-Frizzled CRD interactions, we generated homology models of Wnt-Frizzled CRD interactions and developed a quantitative structure-activity relationship for predicting their binding affinities. The derived model incorporates a small selection of terms derived from scoring functions used in protein-protein docking, as well as an energetic term considering the contribution made by the lipid of Wnt to the Wnt-Frizzled binding affinity. Validation with an external test set suggests that the model can accurately predict binding affinity for 75% of cases and that the error associated with the predictions is comparable with the experimental error. The model was applied to predict the binding affinities of the full range of mouse and human Wnt-Frizzled and Wnt-SFRP interactions, indicating trends in Wnt binding affinity for Frizzled and SFRP CRDs. The comprehensive predictions made in this study provide the basis for laboratory-based studies of previously unexplored Wnt-Frizzled and Wnt-SFRP interactions, which, in turn, may reveal further Wnt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Agostino
- From the Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and .,Curtin Institute of Computation, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Sebastian Öther-Gee Pohl
- From the Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- From the Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and
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DNA hypermethylation of sFRP5 contributes to indoxyl sulfate-induced renal fibrosis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:601-613. [PMID: 28508124 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the most common outcome of chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis is not fully understood. In this study, we first showed that the progress of renal fibrosis was positively related to serum levels of indoxyl sulfate, a typical protein-bound toxin, and that there was a close correlation between serum indoxyl sulfate levels and β-catenin expression in the kidneys (r = 0.908, p < 0.001) of CKD patients. We then demonstrated that intraperitoneal injections of indoxyl sulfate (100 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks in uninephrectomized mice explicitly induced renal fibrosis, which was accompanied by a significant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In vitro investigations in human renal tubular HK-2 cells revealed that indoxyl sulfate exhibited a potent ability to induce Wnt/β-catenin activation through the downregulation of sFRP5, a gene that codes for an extracellular antagonist of Wnt signaling, by increasing the DNA methylation level of its promoter CpG islands. The increased expression of DNA methyltransferases following the activation of ROS/ERK1/2 signaling was responsible for the DNA hypermethylation of sFRP5 induced by indoxyl sulfate. Conversely, treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases, significantly reduced indoxyl sulfate-induced sFRP5 downregulation and Wnt/β-catenin activation. In vivo, intraperitoneal injections of recombinant sFRP5 protein or 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine substantially alleviated renal fibrosis in indoxyl sulfate-treated uninephrectomized mice. Our results suggest that indoxyl sulfate promotes renal fibrosis through the induction of DNA hypermethylation of sFRP5, and thereafter the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis in CKD patients. KEY MESSAGES IS induces renal fibrosis by increasing ß-catenin expression in CKD mice. IS-induced Wnt signaling activation is due to sFRP5 hypermethylation in HK-2 cells. ROS/ERK1/2 signaling activation is involved in IS-induced sFRP5 hypermethylation. sFRP5 upregulation attenuates IS-induced renal fibrosis by inhibiting Wnt signaling.
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P53/Rb inhibition induces metastatic adrenocortical carcinomas in a preclinical transgenic model. Oncogene 2017; 36:4445-4456. [PMID: 28368424 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer with poor prognosis. Pan-genomic analyses identified p53/Rb and WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways as main contributors to the disease. However, isolated β-catenin constitutive activation failed to induce malignant progression in mouse adrenocortical tumors. Therefore, there still was a need for a relevant animal model to study ACC pathogenesis and to test new therapeutic approaches. Here, we have developed a transgenic mice model with adrenocortical specific expression of SV40 large T-antigen (AdTAg mice), to test the oncogenic potential of p53/Rb inhibition in the adrenal gland. All AdTAg mice develop large adrenal carcinomas that eventually metastasize to the liver and lungs, resulting in decreased overall survival. Consistent with ACC in patients, adrenal tumors in AdTAg mice autonomously produce large amounts of glucocorticoids and spontaneously activate WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway during malignant progression. We show that this activation is associated with downregulation of secreted frizzled related proteins (Sfrp) and Znrf3 that act as inhibitors of the WNT signaling. We also show that mTORC1 pathway activation is an early event during neoplasia expansion and further demonstrate that mTORC1 pathway is activated in ACC patients. Preclinical inhibition of mTORC1 activity induces a marked reduction in tumor size, associated with induction of apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation that results in normalization of corticosterone plasma levels in AdTAg mice. Altogether, these data establish AdTAg mice as the first preclinical model for metastatic ACC.
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Frump AL, Albrecht ME, McClintick JN, Lahm T. Estrogen receptor-dependent attenuation of hypoxia-induced changes in the lung genome of pulmonary hypertension rats. Pulm Circ 2017; 7:232-243. [PMID: 28680582 PMCID: PMC5448529 DOI: 10.1177/2045893217702055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
17β-estradiol (E2) exerts complex and context-dependent effects in pulmonary hypertension. In hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH), E2 attenuates lung vascular remodeling through estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent effects; however, ER target genes in the hypoxic lung remain unknown. In order to identify the genome regulated by the E2-ER axis in the hypoxic lung, we performed a microarray analysis in lungs from HPH rats treated with E2 (75 mcg/kg/day) ± ER-antagonist ICI182,780 (3 mg/kg/day). Untreated HPH rats and normoxic rats served as controls. Using a false discovery rate of 10%, we identified a significantly differentially regulated genome in E2-treated versus untreated hypoxia rats. Genes most upregulated by E2 encoded matrix metalloproteinase 8, S100 calcium binding protein A8, and IgA Fc receptor; genes most downregulated by E2 encoded olfactory receptor 63, secreted frizzled-related protein 2, and thrombospondin 2. Several genes affected by E2 changed in the opposite direction after ICI182,780 co-treatment, indicating an ER-regulated genome in HPH lungs. The bone morphogenetic protein antagonist Grem1 (gremlin 1) was upregulated by hypoxia, but found to be among the most downregulated genes after E2 treatment. Gremlin 1 protein was reduced in E2-treated versus untreated hypoxic animals, and ER-blockade abolished the inhibitory effect of E2 on Grem1 mRNA and protein. In conclusion, E2 ER-dependently regulates several genes involved in proliferative and inflammatory processes during hypoxia. Gremlin 1 is a novel target of the E2-ER axis in HPH. Understanding the mechanisms of E2 gene regulation in HPH may allow for selectively harnessing beneficial transcriptional activities of E2 for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Frump
- Department of Medicine; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marjorie E Albrecht
- Department of Medicine; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jeanette N McClintick
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Center for Medical Genomics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tim Lahm
- Department of Medicine; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Vincent KM, Postovit LM. A pan-cancer analysis of secreted Frizzled-related proteins: re-examining their proposed tumour suppressive function. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42719. [PMID: 28218291 PMCID: PMC5316967 DOI: 10.1038/srep42719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs), containing five family members (SFRPs 1-5) are putative extracellular Wnt inhibitors. Given their abilities to inhibit Wnt signalling, as well as the loss of SFRP1 in many cancers, this family is generally considered to be tumour suppressive. In this study we analyzed gene expression, promoter methylation and survival data from over 8000 tumour and normal samples from 29 cancers in order to map the context-specific associations of SFRPs 1-5 with patient survival, gene silencing and gene expression signatures. We show that only SFRP1 associates consistently with tumour suppressive functions, and that SFRP2 and SFRP4 typically associate with a poor prognosis concomitant with the expression of genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, our results indicate that while SFRP1 is lost in cancer cells via the process of DNA methylation, SFRP2 and 4 are likely derived from the tumour stroma, and thus tend to increase in tumours as compared to normal tissues. This in-depth analysis highlights the need to study each SFRP as a separate entity and suggests that SFRP2 and SFRP4 should be approached as complex matricellular proteins with functions that extend far beyond their putative Wnt antagonistic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Marie Vincent
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Lynne-Marie Postovit
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 114th St and 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
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Kim TH, Chang JS, Park KS, Park J, Kim N, Lee JI, Kong ID. Effects of exercise training on circulating levels of Dickkpof-1 and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 in breast cancer survivors: A pilot single-blind randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171771. [PMID: 28178355 PMCID: PMC5298304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wingless and integration site growth factor (Wnt) signaling is a tumorigenesis-related signaling pathway. Dickkpof-1 (DKK1) and secreted frizzled-related protein-1 (SFRP1) are endogenous negative regulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Accumulating evidence indicates that higher serum levels of DKK1 are correlated with poor prognosis of various types of cancer. Here, we investigated whether exercise training causes changes in the serum levels of DKK1 and SFRP1 in patients with breast cancer. Methods Twenty-four breast cancer survivors, after chemo- or radiotherapy, participated in this single-blind randomized, controlled pilot study. Subjects were randomized to either an exercise program or a control group for 12 weeks and completed pre- and post-training tests for health-related fitness and body composition as well as blood biomarkers. The serum levels of DKK1 and SFRP1 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as the primary outcome. Results Exercise training for 12 weeks remarkably increased muscle strength, endurance, and flexibility and decreased body fat percentage, waist circumference, and visceral fat area (all p < 0.05). Exercise training lowered serum insulin levels and leptin/adiponectin ratios (all p < 0.05). The levels of DKK1 and SFRP1 were also significantly decreased by exercise training in breast cancer survivors (all p < 0.01). Conclusions Our results indicate that DKK1 and SFRP1 may be potentially useful biomarkers for evaluating the beneficial effects of long-term exercise on physical fitness and metabolism as well as the prognosis of patients with cancer. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02895178
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Sports Science & Exercise Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seung Chang
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Sports Science & Exercise Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Park
- Department of Nursing Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, Keimyung University College of Nursing, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong In Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - In Deok Kong
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Institute of Sports Science & Exercise Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Lu B, Green BA, Farr JM, Lopes FCM, Van Raay TJ. Wnt Drug Discovery: Weaving Through the Screens, Patents and Clinical Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8090082. [PMID: 27598201 PMCID: PMC5040984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8090082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway is intricately involved in many aspects of development and is the root cause of an increasing number of diseases. For example, colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death in the industrialized world and aberration of Wnt signaling within the colonic stem cell is the cause of more than 90% of these cancers. Despite our advances in successfully targeting other pathways, such as Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2), there are no clinically relevant therapies available for Wnt-related diseases. Here, we investigated where research activities are focused with respect to Wnt signaling modulators by searching the United States Patent and Trade Office (USPTO) for patents and patent applications related to Wnt modulators and compared this to clinical trials focusing on Wnt modulation. We found that while the transition of intellectual property surrounding the Wnt ligand-receptor interface to clinical trials is robust, this is not true for specific inhibitors of β-catenin, which is constitutively active in many cancers. Considering the ubiquitous use of the synthetic T-cell Factor/Lymphoid Enhancer Factor (TCF/Lef) reporter system and its success in identifying novel modulators in vitro, we speculate that this model of drug discovery does not capture the complexity of in vivo Wnt signaling that may be required if we are to successfully target the Wnt pathway in the clinic. Notwithstanding, increasingly more complex models are being developed, which may not be high throughput, but more pragmatic in our pursuit to control Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Lu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Brooke A Green
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Jacqueline M Farr
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Flávia C M Lopes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Terence J Van Raay
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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50
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Taguchi YH, Iwadate M, Umeyama H. SFRP1 is a possible candidate for epigenetic therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2016; 9 Suppl 1:28. [PMID: 27534621 PMCID: PMC4989892 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-016-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a lethal disease despite many proposed treatments. Recent studies have indicated that epigenetic therapy, which targets epigenetic effects, might be a new therapeutic methodology for NSCLC. However, it is not clear which objects (e.g., genes) this treatment specifically targets. Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) are promising candidates for epigenetic therapy in many cancers, but there have been no reports of SFRPs targeted by epigenetic therapy for NSCLC. Methods This study performed a meta-analysis of reprogrammed NSCLC cell lines instead of the direct examination of epigenetic therapy treatment to identify epigenetic therapy targets. In addition, mRNA expression/promoter methylation profiles were processed by recently proposed principal component analysis based unsupervised feature extraction and categorical regression analysis based feature extraction. Results The Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway was extensively enriched among 32 genes identified by feature extraction. Among the genes identified, SFRP1 was specifically indicated to target β-catenin, and thus might be targeted by epigenetic therapy in NSCLC cell lines. A histone deacetylase inhibitor might reactivate SFRP1 based upon the re-analysis of a public domain data set. Numerical computation validated the binding of SFRP1 to WNT1 to suppress Wnt signalling pathway activation in NSCLC. Conclusions The meta-analysis of reprogrammed NSCLC cell lines identified SFRP1 as a promising target of epigenetic therapy for NSCLC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12920-016-0196-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Taguchi
- Department of Physics, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mitsuo Iwadate
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Umeyama
- Department of Biological Science, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551, Tokyo, Japan
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