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Pradel LS, Ho YL, Gohlke H, Kassack MU. The Antioxidant and HDAC-Inhibitor α-Lipoic Acid Is Synergistic with Exemestane in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8455. [PMID: 39126024 PMCID: PMC11313180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-estrogenic therapy is established in the management of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. However, to overcome resistance and improve therapeutic outcome, novel strategies are needed such as targeting widely recognized aberrant epigenetics. The study aims to investigate the combination of the aromatase inhibitor exemestane and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and antioxidant α-lipoic acid in ER-positive breast cancer cells. First, the enantiomers and the racemic mixture of α-lipoic acid, and rac-dihydro-lipoic acid were investigated for HDAC inhibition. We found HDAC inhibitory activity in the 1-3-digit micromolar range with a preference for HDAC6. Rac-dihydro-lipoic acid is slightly more potent than rac-α-lipoic acid. The antiproliferative IC50 value of α-lipoic acid is in the 3-digit micromolar range. Notably, the combination of exemestane and α-lipoic acid resulted in synergistic behavior under various incubation times (24 h to 10 d) and readouts (MTT, live-cell fluorescence microscopy, caspase activation) analyzed by the Chou-Talalay method. α-lipoic acid increases mitochondrial fusion and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins p21, APAF-1, BIM, FOXO1, and decreases expression of anti-apoptotic proteins survivin, BCL-2, and c-myc. In conclusion, combining exemestane with α-lipoic acid is a promising novel treatment option for ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S. Pradel
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.S.P.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.G.)
| | - Yu-Lin Ho
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.S.P.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.G.)
| | - Holger Gohlke
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.S.P.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.G.)
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-4: Bioinformatics), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Matthias U. Kassack
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.S.P.); (Y.-L.H.); (H.G.)
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Yan S, Lu J, Chen B, Yuan L, Chen L, Ju L, Cai W, Wu J. The Multifaceted Role of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in Cancer Prevention, Occurrence, and Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:897. [PMID: 39199143 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring compound synthesized by mitochondria and widely distributed in both animal and plant tissues. It primarily influences cellular metabolism and oxidative stress networks through its antioxidant properties and is an important drug for treating metabolic diseases associated with oxidative damage. Nevertheless, research indicates that the mechanism by which ALA affects cancer cells is distinct from that observed in normal cells, exhibiting pro-oxidative properties. Therefore, this review aims to describe the main chemical and biological functions of ALA in the cancer environment, including its mechanisms and effects in tumor prevention and anticancer activity, as well as its role as an adjunctive drug in cancer therapy. We specifically focus on the interactions between ALA and various carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic pathways and discuss ALA's pro-oxidative capabilities in the unique redox environment of cancer cells. Additionally, we elaborate on ALA's roles in nanomedicine, hypoxia-inducible factors, and cancer stem cell research, proposing hypotheses and potential explanations for currently unresolved issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Jiajie Lu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Bingqing Chen
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Liuxia Yuan
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Linglin Ju
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
| | - Jinzhu Wu
- Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong 226300, China
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Bellini C, Mancin F, Papini E, Tavano R. Nanotechnological Approaches to Enhance the Potential of α-Lipoic Acid for Application in the Clinic. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:706. [PMID: 38929145 PMCID: PMC11201002 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
α-lipoic acid is a naturally occurring compound with potent antioxidant properties that helps protect cells and tissues from oxidative stress. Its incorporation into nanoplatforms can affect factors like bioavailability, stability, reactivity, and targeted delivery. Nanoformulations of α-lipoic acid can significantly enhance its solubility and absorption, making it more bioavailable. While α-lipoic acid can be prone to degradation in its free form, encapsulation within nanoparticles ensures its stability over time, and its release in a controlled and sustained manner to the targeted tissues and cells. In addition, α-lipoic acid can be combined with other compounds, such as other antioxidants, drugs, or nanomaterials, to create synergistic effects that enhance their overall therapeutic benefits or hinder their potential cytotoxicity. This review outlines the advantages and drawbacks associated with the use of α-lipoic acid, as well as various nanotechnological approaches employed to enhance its therapeutic effectiveness, whether alone or in combination with other bioactive agents. Furthermore, it describes the engineering of α-lipoic acid to produce poly(α-lipoic acid) nanoparticles, which hold promise as an effective drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bellini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo 1, 35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Emanuele Papini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Regina Tavano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121 Padova, Italy; (C.B.); (E.P.)
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Khalife H, Fayyad-Kazan M, Fayyad-Kazan H, Hadchity E, Borghol N, Hussein N, Badran B. Lipoic acid alters the microRNA signature in breast cancer cells. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 257:155321. [PMID: 38678851 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer, the deadliest disease affecting women globally, exhibits heterogeneity with distinct molecular subtypes. Despite advances in cancer therapy, the persistence of high mortality rates due to chemotherapy resistance remains a major challenge. Lipoic acid (LA), a natural antioxidant, has proven potent anticancer properties. Yet, the impact of LA on microRNA (miRNA) expression profile in breast cancer remains unexplored. AIM The aim of this study was to unravel the effect of LA on miRNA expression profiles in different breast cancer cell lines. METHODS The MiRCURY LNA miRNA miRNome qPCR Panel was used to compare the miRNA signature in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells treated or not with LA. RESULTS We identified six upregulated and six downregulated miRNAs in LA-treated MDA-MB-231 cells and 14 upregulated and four downregulated miRNAs in LA-treated MCF-7 cells compared to control cells. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis revealed that the deregulated miRNAs could alter different signaling cascades including FoxO, P53 and Hippo pathways. CONCLUSION The outcome of this study provides further insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefit of LA. This in turn could assist the amelioration of LA-based anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Khalife
- Laboratory of Cancer biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- The American University of Iraq-Baghdad, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Elie Hadchity
- Laboratory of Cancer biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Nada Borghol
- Laboratory of Cancer biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Nader Hussein
- Laboratory of Cancer biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon 69008, France.
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.
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Çoban HŞ, Çil N, Önder E, Abban Mete G. Anti-cancer effects of alpha lipoic acid, cisplatin and paclitaxel combination in the OVCAR-3 ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:485. [PMID: 38578399 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecological cancer deaths. One of the major challenges in treating ovarian cancer with chemotherapy is managing the resistance developed by cancer cells to drugs, while also minimizing the side effects caused by these agents In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of a combination of alpha lipoic acid (ALA), with cisplatin and paclitaxel in ovarian cancer(OVCAR-3). METHODS The cytotoxic effects of ALA, cisplatin and paclitaxel on OVCAR-3 cells were determined. Four groups were formed: Control, ALA, Cisplatin + Paclitaxel, ALA + Cisplatin + Paclitaxel. The effects of single and combined therapy on cell migration, invasion and colony formation were analyzed. Changes in the expression of genes related to apoptosis, cell adhesion and cell cycle were analyzed with Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The oxidative stress index and The Annexin V test were performed. RESULTS The reduction in rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR(RICTOR) expression in the ALA + Cisplatin + Paclitaxel group was found statistically significant(p < 0.05). The decrease in MMP-9 and - 11 expressions the ALA + Cisplatin + Paclitaxel group was statistically significant(p < 0.05). The lowest values for mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) proteins were found in the ALA + Cisplatin + Paclitaxel group. No colony formation was observed in the Cisplatin + Paclitaxel and ALA + Cisplatin + Paclitaxel groups. The lowest wound healing at 24 h was seen in the ALA + Cisplatin + Paclitaxel group. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first one to investigate the combined treatment of ALA, Cisplatin, Paclitaxel on OVCAR-3. While ALA alone was not effective, combined therapy with ALA, has been found to reduce cell invasion, especially wound healing in the first 24 h, along with tumor cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Şiyzen Çoban
- Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Traning and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Çil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Elif Önder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Abban Mete
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey
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Abdullah KM, Sharma G, Takkar S, Kaushal JB, Pothuraju R, Chakravarti B, Batra SK, Siddiqui JA. α-lipoic acid modulates prostate cancer cell growth and bone cell differentiation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4404. [PMID: 38388663 PMCID: PMC10884017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) progression leads to bone modulation in approximately 70% of affected men. A nutraceutical, namely, α-lipoic acid (α-LA), is known for its potent anti-cancer properties towards various cancers and has been implicated in treating and promoting bone health. Our study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism behind the role of α-LA as therapeutics in preventing PCa and its associated bone modulation. Notably, α-LA treatment significantly reduced the cell viability, migration, and invasion of PCa cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, α-LA supplementation dramatically increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and HIF-1α expression, which started the downstream molecular cascade and activated JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway. Flow cytometry data revealed the arrest of the cell cycle in the S-phase, which has led to apoptosis of PCa cells. Furthermore, the results of ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) and TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) staining signifies that α-LA supplementation diminished the PCa-mediated differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively, in the MC3T3-E1 and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) cells. In summary, α-LA supplementation enhanced cellular apoptosis via increased ROS levels, HIF-1α expression, and JNK/caspase-3 signaling pathway in advanced human PCa cell lines. Also, the treatment of α-LA improved bone health by reducing PCa-mediated bone cell modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Simran Takkar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jyoti B Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Bandana Chakravarti
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
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Sarı U, Zaman F. Effects of rosmarinic acid and doxorubicine on an ovarian adenocarsinoma cell line (OVCAR3) via the EGFR pathway. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e390524. [PMID: 38324801 PMCID: PMC10852540 DOI: 10.1590/acb390524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to reveal the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA), which has come to the forefront with its antitumor and antioxidant properties in many studies recently in the ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line, on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) signaling pathway in the presence of doxorubicin (DOX). METHODS Ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line (OVCAR3) and human skin keratinocyte cell line human skin keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) were used as control. (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was applied to determine the effect of RA and DOX on the proliferation of OVCAR3 and HaCaT cells. Bcl2 expression and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and western blot analysis were performed to determine the expression levels of the markers. RESULTS It was determined that RA (IC50 = 437.6 μM) and DOX (IC50 = 0.08 μM) have the ability to inhibit the proliferation of OVCAR3 cells and induce apoptosis in a 72-hour time and dose-dependent manner. Western blot showed that the expression level of Bcl-2 and EGFR in OVCAR3 cells was down-regulated by RA and DOX. CONCLUSIONS Apoptosis in OVCAR3 cells can potentially be induced by RA via the EGFR pathway, and RA may be a potent agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Sarı
- Umut Sarı Clinic – Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics – Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fuat Zaman
- Diyarlife Hospital – Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Önder E, Çil N, Seçme M, Mete GA. Effect of alpha lipoic acid on epithelial mesenchymal transition in SKOV-3 cells. Gene 2024; 892:147880. [PMID: 37813206 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Patients are usually diagnosed with advanced tumor metastass. Epithelial over cancer cells spread from primary tumor by undergoing epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). It has been suggested that alpha lipoic acid (ALA), a natural antioxidant lipophilic compound, reduces the oxidative stress by causing apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation of cell in cancer cells. The aim of our study was to establish a transforming growth factor β1 (TGF β1) dependent epithelial mesenchymal transition model in the SKOV-3 ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line which is an epithelial subtype of ovarian cancer and to investigate the effects of alpha lipoic acid on EMT and ovarian cancer migration. METHODS For establish an EMT model, SKOV-3 cells were treated with different dose of TGF β1 and XTT cell viability kit was used to find IC 50 dose of ALA. Four different groups that are control, TGF β1, ALA and ALA + TGF β1 were created. Changes in the expression of genes related to EMT markers that are E-cadherin, vimentin, Snail, Slug, Twist and Zeb were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR. These proteins were determined with the immunocytochemistry method. The migration capacity was analyzed with wound healing assay. Matrigel invasion capacity test was used to show invasion and colonization test to show colonization. RESULTS The dose of TGF β1 was determined 100 ng/ml at 72 h, the IC50 dose of ALA 219.033 µM at 48 h was determined. EMT markers in the TGF β1 group were compatible with EMT and it was shown to inhibit EMT in the groups given ALA. According to wound healing, colonization and invasion experiments, proliferation and invasion increased in TGF β1 group, but decreased in ALA and combined groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These results indicate that ALA suppresses the metastasis of ovarian cancer cells by regulating EMT, implying that ALA might be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Önder
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Nazlı Çil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Mücahit Seçme
- Ordu University, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu, Turkey.
| | - Gülçin Abban Mete
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey.
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Izadi A, Soukhtanloo M, Mirzavi F, Jalili-Nik M, Sadeghi A. Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Auraptene, and Particularly Their Combination Prevent the Metastasis of U87 Human Glioblastoma Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:8618575. [PMID: 37496822 PMCID: PMC10368506 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8618575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Background The primary malignant brain tumor glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is most commonly detected in individuals over 60 years old. The standard therapeutic approach for GBM is radiotherapy combined with temozolomide. Recently, herbal products, such as alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and auraptene (AUR), have shown promising anticancer effects on various cancer cells and animal models. However, it is not well understood how ALA, AUR, and their combination in GBM work to combat cancer. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the antimetastatic effects of the ALA-AUR combination on U87 human glioblastoma cells. Methods The inhibitory effects of ALA, AUR, and the ALA/AUR combination on the migration and metastasis of U87 cells were evaluated using a wound healing test and gelatin zymography. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 and MMP-9 were assessed at the transcriptional and translational levels using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. Results Our findings revealed that combination therapy reduced cell migration and metastasis, which was indicated by the reduction in MMP-2/-9 expression both at mRNA and protein levels, as well as their enzymatic activity in U87 cells. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the combination of ALA and AUR effectively inhibited the migration and metastasis of U87 cells. Thus, given their safety and favorable specifications, the combination of these drugs can be a promising candidate for GBM treatment as primary or adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Izadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farshad Mirzavi
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asie Sadeghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Tan J, Zhou X, Zhang S. Iron-doped cross-linked lipoic acid nano-aggregates for ferroptosis-mediated cancer treatment. Acta Biomater 2023; 159:289-299. [PMID: 36706854 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Fenton reaction-mediated ferroptosis has attracted great attention in cancer treatment while the metabolism loss of iron and the limited endogenous H2O2 level imped its clinical application. Here, a new ferroptosis inducer (Fe@cLANAs) constructed only by Fe(II) and (R)-(+)-lipoic acid (LA) was developed for tumor ablation. After entering the tumor cells, the Fe@cLANAs dissociated into disdihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) and released iron, which would regenerate each other to continuously provide iron and H2O2 to enhance ferroptosis. The Fe@cLANAs demonstrated the IC50Fe below 10 μM against various tumor cells, an anti-tumor effect comparable to many chemotherapy drugs. In vivo antitumor evaluation based on the tumor cell-derived xenograft model showed a tumor inhibitory rate (TIR) of 97.4% at the iron usage of 1.53 mg/kg, the lowest iron usage reported so far in ferrotherapy using iron as the main agent to treat tumors. Notably, the good anti-tumor effect of Fe@cLANAs was further achieved in the glioma patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. This strategy utilizing the reciprocal circulation of metal iron and LA to delay the metabolism loss of iron and increase the H2O2 level in the tumor cells holds a great potential for ferroptosis-mediated cancer treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The metabolism loss of iron and the limited endogenous H2O2 level are key factors to impede the clinical application of ferroptosis-mediated cancer treatment. Herein, a new ferroptosis inducer constructed only by lipoic acid and iron is developed to delay the metabolism loss of iron and increase the level of endogenous H2O2 by causing a cyclic regeneration of Fe(II)/Fe(III) and LA/DHLA in the tumor cells. According to the previous reports, at least 75 mg/kg of iron dosage was needed to achieve effective antitumor efficacy, here, the use of only 1.53 mg/kg iron in Fe@cLANAs achieved the TIR of 97.4% and 62.8% in the U251 CDX and glioma PDX models, showing the good prospect of Fe@cLANAs in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Tan
- College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xueying Zhou
- College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering and National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China.
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Xiong C, Ling H, Hao Q, Zhou X. Cuproptosis: p53-regulated metabolic cell death? Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:876-884. [PMID: 36755067 PMCID: PMC10070433 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis is a novel type of copper-induced cell death that primarily occurs in cells that utilize oxidative phosphorylation as the main metabolic pathway to produce energy. Copper directly associates with the lipoylated proteins of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, leading to the disulfide-bond-dependent aggregation of these lipoylated proteins, destabilization of the iron-sulfur cluster proteins, and consequent proteotoxic stress. Cancer cells prefer glycolysis (Warburg effect) to oxidative phosphorylation for producing intermediate metabolites and energy, thereby achieving resistance to cuproptosis. Interestingly, the tumor suppressor p53 is a crucial metabolic regulator that inhibits glycolysis and drives a metabolic switch towards oxidative phosphorylation in cancer cells. Additionally, p53 regulates the biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters and the copper chelator glutathione, which are two critical components of the cuproptotic pathway, suggesting that this tumor suppressor might play a role in cuproptosis. Furthermore, the possible roles of mutant p53 in regulating cuproptosis are discussed. In this essay, we review the recent progress in the understanding of the mechanism underlying cuproptosis, revisit the roles of p53 in metabolic regulation and iron-sulfur cluster and glutathione biosynthesis, and propose several potential mechanisms for wild-type and mutant p53-mediated cuproptosis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xiong
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong Ling
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Hao
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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12
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Olson KR, Derry PJ, Kent TA, Straub KD. The Effects of Antioxidant Nutraceuticals on Cellular Sulfur Metabolism and Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:68-94. [PMID: 35819295 PMCID: PMC9885552 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Nutraceuticals are ingested for health benefits, in addition to their general nutritional value. These dietary supplements have become increasingly popular since the late 20th century and they are a rapidly expanding global industry approaching a half-trillion U.S. dollars annually. Many nutraceuticals are promulgated as potent antioxidants. Recent Advances: Experimental support for the efficacy of nutraceuticals has lagged behind anecdotal exuberance. However, accumulating epidemiological evidence and recent, well-controlled clinical trials are beginning to support earlier animal and in vitro studies. Although still somewhat limited, encouraging results have been suggested in essentially all organ systems and against a wide range of pathophysiological conditions. Critical Issues: Health benefits of "antioxidant" nutraceuticals are largely attributed to their ability to scavenge oxidants. This has been criticized based on several factors, including limited bioavailability, short tissue retention time, and the preponderance of endogenous antioxidants. Recent attention has turned to nutraceutical activation of downstream antioxidant systems, especially the Keap1/Nrf2 (Kelch like ECH associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) axis. The question now becomes, how do nutraceuticals activate this axis? Future Directions: Reactive sulfur species (RSS), including hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its metabolites, are potent activators of the Keap1/Nrf2 axis and avid scavengers of reactive oxygen species. Evidence is beginning to accumulate that a variety of nutraceuticals increase cellular RSS by directly providing RSS in the diet, or through a number of catalytic mechanisms that increase endogenous RSS production. We propose that nutraceutical-specific targeting of RSS metabolism will lead to the design and development of even more efficacious antioxidant therapeutic strategies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 68-94.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. Olson
- Department of Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine—South Bend, South Bend, Indiana, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Paul J. Derry
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas A. Kent
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
- Stanley H. Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karl D. Straub
- Central Arkansas Veteran's Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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13
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Duan X, Luo M, Li J, Shen Z, Xie K. Overcoming therapeutic resistance to platinum-based drugs by targeting Epithelial–Mesenchymal transition. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1008027. [PMID: 36313710 PMCID: PMC9614084 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1008027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based drugs (PBDs), including cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin, have been widely used in clinical practice as mainstay treatments for various types of cancer. Although there is firm evidence of notable achievements with PBDs in the management of cancers, the acquisition of resistance to these agents is still a major challenge to efforts at cure. The introduction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) concept, a critical process during embryonic morphogenesis and carcinoma progression, has offered a mechanistic explanation for the phenotypic switch of cancer cells upon PBD exposure. Accumulating evidence has suggested that carcinoma cells can enter a resistant state via induction of the EMT. In this review, we discussed the underlying mechanism of PBD-induced EMT and the current understanding of its role in cancer drug resistance, with emphasis on how this novel knowledge can be exploited to overcome PBD resistance via EMT-targeted compounds, especially those under clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Duan
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Maochao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Xie, ; Zhisen Shen,
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Xie, ; Zhisen Shen,
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14
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Liu X, Barth MC, Cseh K, Kowol CR, Jakupec MA, Keppler BK, Gibson D, Weigand W. Oxoplatin-Based Pt(IV) Lipoate Complexes and Their Biological Activity. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200695. [PMID: 36026613 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
α-Lipoic acid, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, represents a promising ligand for Pt(IV) prodrugs. Three new Pt(IV) lipoate complexes were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy (1 H, 13 C, 195 Pt), mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Due to the low solubility of the complex containing two axial lipoate ligands, further experiments to examine the biological activity were performed with two Pt(IV) complexes containing just one axial lipoate ligand. Both complexes exhibit anticancer activity and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell lines tested. Especially, the monosubstituted complex can be reduced by ascorbic acid and forms adducts with 9-methylguanine (9MeG), which is favorable for the formation of DNA-crosslinks in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Marie-Christin Barth
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Klaudia Cseh
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster 'Translational Cancer Therapy Research', University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster 'Translational Cancer Therapy Research', University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9112102, Israel
| | - Wolfgang Weigand
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstrasse 8, 07743, Jena, Germany
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15
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Lv SY, He S, Ling XL, Wang YQ, Huang C, Long JR, Wang JQ, Qin Y, Wei H, Yu CY. Review of lipoic acid: From a clinical therapeutic agent to various emerging biomaterials. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122201. [PMID: 36115465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipoic acid (LA), an endogenous small molecule in organisms, has been extensively used for the highly efficient clinical treatment of malignant diseases, which include diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer over the past seven decades. Tremendous progresses have been made on the use of LA in nanomedicine for the development of various biomaterials because of its unique biological properties and highly adaptable structure since the first discovery. However, there are few reviews thus far, to our knowledge, summarizing this hot subject of research of LA and its derived biomaterials. For this purpose, we present herein the first comprehensive summary on the design and development of LA and its derived materials for biomedical applications. This review first discusses the therapeutic use of LA followed by the description of synthesis and preclinical study of LA-derived-small molecules. The applications of various LA and poly (lipoic acid) (PLA)-derived-biomaterials are next summarized in detail with an emphasis on the use of LA for the design of biomaterials and the diverse properties. This review describes the development of LA from a clinical therapeutic agent to a building unit of various biomaterials field, which will promote the further discovery of new therapeutic uses of LA as therapeutic agents and facile development of LA-based derivates with greater performance for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yang Lv
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Suisui He
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Li Ling
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yue-Qin Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jin-Rong Long
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Jia-Qi Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yang Qin
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Cui-Yun Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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16
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Chakravarti B, Rajput S, Raza S, Rajak S, Tewari A, Gupta P, Upadhyay A, Chattopadhyay N, Sinha RA. Lipoic acid blocks autophagic flux and impairs cellular bioenergetics in breast cancer and reduces stemness. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166455. [PMID: 35680107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Effects of Lipoic Acid on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5093216. [PMID: 34650663 PMCID: PMC8510805 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5093216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury often occurred in some pathologies and surgeries. I/R injury not only harmed to physiological functions of corresponding organ and tissue but also induced multiple tissue or organ dysfunctions (even these in distant locations). Although the reperfusion of blood attenuated I/R injury to a certain degree, the risk of secondary damages was difficult to be controlled and it even caused failures of these tissues and organs. Lipoic acid (LA), as an endogenous active substance and a functional agent in food, owns better safety and effects in our body (e.g., enhancing antioxidant activity, improving cognition and dementia, controlling weight, and preventing multiple sclerosis, diabetes complication, and cancer). The literature searching was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and SCOPUS from inception to 20 May 2021. It had showed that endogenous LA was exhausted in the process of I/R, which further aggravated I/R injury. Thus, supplements with LA timely (especially pretreatments) may be the prospective way to prevent I/R injury. Recently, studies had demonstrated that LA supplements significantly attenuated I/R injuries of many organs, though clinic investigations were short at present. Hence, it was urgent to summarize these progresses about the effects of LA on different I/R organs as well as the potential mechanisms, which would enlighten further investigations and prepare for clinic applications in the future.
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18
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Skorupa A, Michalkiewicz S, Jakubczyk M. Highly sensitive determination of α-lipoic acid in pharmaceuticals on a boron-doped diamond electrode. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A simple, highly sensitive, and selective differential pulse voltammetry method for the determination of α-lipoic acid (LA) in pharmaceutical preparations was developed and validated. The method is based on a quasi-reversible, diffusion-controlled, one-electron anodic oxidation of LA on a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDDE) in a McIlvaine (citrate-phosphate, C-PB) buffer solution at pH 3.0. For the first time, this environment was used for LA determination. A linear calibration curve was obtained within the concentration range 5.82 × 10−8 to 4.00 × 10−4 mol L−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The limits of detection was estimated to be 1.94 × 10−8 mol L−1, which is one of the lowest values characteristic of voltammetric and chromatographic methods of LA determination. The proposed procedure is sensitive, accurate, and precise. Its utility was demonstrated in the determination of LA in pharmaceuticals without the need for its separation from the matrices. The results were comparable to those obtained by high performance liquid chromatography reference method and were in good accordance with the once declared by manufacturers. Thus, our method can be considered as an alternative to the dominant chromatographic determinations of α-LA in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Skorupa
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University , 7G Uniwersytecka St. , 25-406 Kielce , Poland
| | - Slawomir Michalkiewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University , 7G Uniwersytecka St. , 25-406 Kielce , Poland
| | - Magdalena Jakubczyk
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University , 7G Uniwersytecka St. , 25-406 Kielce , Poland
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19
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Ozhogin IV, Zolotukhin PV, Mukhanov EL, Rostovtseva IA, Makarova NI, Tkachev VV, Beseda DK, Metelitsa AV, Lukyanov BS. Novel molecular hybrids of indoline spiropyrans and α-lipoic acid as potential photopharmacological agents: Synthesis, structure, photochromic and biological properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 31:127709. [PMID: 33242575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Organic photochromic compounds are attracting great interest as photoswitchable components of various bioconjugates for using in photopharmacology, targeted drug delivery and bio-imaging. Here we report on the synthesis of two novel molecular hybrids of indoline spiropyrans and alpha-lipoic acid via an esterification reaction. Preliminary photochemical studies revealed photochromic activity of 5-methoxy-substituted spirocompounds in their acetonitrile solutions. Both hybrid spiropyrans along with their parent substances in the hybrids were tested for the short-term cytotoxicity on HeLa cell cultures. The results of cytotoxicity studies showed unpredictable biocompatibility of the hybrids in comparison with the parent hydroxyl-substituted spiropyrans and α-lipoic acid, especially at the relatively high concentration of 2 mM. Using flow cytometry, we demonstrated that the both hybrids induced antioxidant response in the model cells. After the 24 h treatment, the hybrids administered at lower (500 µM) concentration caused suppressed cytosolic ROS and/or induced cellular thiols. At higher concentration, one of the hybrids demonstrated properties qualitatively similar to alpha-lipoic acid, yet far more strong. Together, flow cytometry results suggested that both hybrids of spiropyrans possess emergent biochemical and signaling antioxidant properties, exceeding those of alpha-lipoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V Ozhogin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation.
| | - Peter V Zolotukhin
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 194/1 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene L Mukhanov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Irina A Rostovtseva
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda I Makarova
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Valery V Tkachev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akad. Semenova Ave., 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Darya K Beseda
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 194/1 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoly V Metelitsa
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Boris S Lukyanov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachka Ave., 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
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Cuenca-Micó O, Aceves C. Micronutrients and Breast Cancer Progression: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123613. [PMID: 33255538 PMCID: PMC7759972 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies on micronutrient consumption have reported protective associations in the incidence and/or progression of various cancer types. Supplementation with some of these micronutrients has been analyzed, showing chemoprotection, low toxicity, antiproliferation, and the ability to modify epigenetic signatures in various cancer models. This review investigates the reported effects of micronutrient intake or supplementation in breast cancer progression. A PubMed search was conducted with the keywords "micronutrients breast cancer progression", and the results were analyzed. The selected micronutrients were vitamins (C, D, and E), folic acid, metals (Cu, Fe, Se, and Zn), fatty acids, polyphenols, and iodine. The majority of in vitro models showed antiproliferative, cell-cycle arrest, and antimetastatic effects for almost all the micronutrients analyzed, but these effects do not reflect animal or human studies. Only one clinical trial with vitamin D and one pilot study with molecular iodine showed favorable overall survival and disease-free interval.
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21
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PEG Grafted Polymethacrylates Bearing Antioxidants as a New Class of Polymer Conjugates for Application in Cosmetology. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13163455. [PMID: 32764401 PMCID: PMC7475907 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The amphiphilic copolymers of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MPEGMA) and alkyne functionalized 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (AlHEMA) were synthesized by controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The reactions were carried out using the standard ATRP initiator ethyl α-bromoisobutyrate, (EiBBr) and the “bio”initiator bromoester derivative of 4-n-butylresorcinol (4nBREBr2). Two substances with antioxidant activity used in cosmetology, (±)-α-lipoic acid (LA) and ferulic acid (FA), were subjected to esterification reactions to introduce azide groups. The “click” reactions between the alkyne contained copolymers and functionalized acids (LA-N3, FA-N3) were performed to obtain polymer-antioxidant conjugates (P((HEMA-click-FA)-co-MPEGMA) and P((HEMA-click-LA)-co-MPEGMA)). The conjugation was performed with an efficiency of 20–75%. In vitro experiments in a phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution at neutral conditions demonstrated that the sufficient release was reached after 2.5 h for FA and 1 h for LA. The rapid release kinetics as well as the polymer carriers, which were applied to regulate the delivery of antioxidant substances, are beneficial in cosmetology.
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22
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Neitzel C, Demuth P, Wittmann S, Fahrer J. Targeting Altered Energy Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer: Oncogenic Reprogramming, the Central Role of the TCA Cycle and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1731. [PMID: 32610612 PMCID: PMC7408264 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequent cancer entities worldwide. Multiple factors are causally associated with CRC development, such as genetic and epigenetic alterations, inflammatory bowel disease, lifestyle and dietary factors. During malignant transformation, the cellular energy metabolism is reprogrammed in order to promote cancer cell growth and proliferation. In this review, we first describe the main alterations of the energy metabolism found in CRC, revealing the critical impact of oncogenic signaling and driver mutations in key metabolic enzymes. Then, the central role of mitochondria and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in this process is highlighted, also considering the metabolic crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. The identified cancer-specific metabolic transformations provided new therapeutic targets for the development of small molecule inhibitors. Promising agents are in clinical trials and are directed against enzymes of the TCA cycle, including isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH). Finally, we focus on the α-lipoic acid derivative CPI-613, an inhibitor of both PDC and KGDH, and delineate its anti-tumor effects for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jörg Fahrer
- Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany; (C.N.); (P.D.); (S.W.)
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23
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Farhat D, Léon S, Ghayad SE, Gadot N, Icard P, Le Romancer M, Hussein N, Lincet H. Lipoic acid decreases breast cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting IGF-1R via furin downregulation. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:885-894. [PMID: 31988347 PMCID: PMC7078196 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. Despite advances in therapies, the mechanisms of resistance remain the underlying cause of morbidity and mortality. Lipoic acid (LA) is an antioxidant and essential cofactor in oxidative metabolism. Its potential therapeutic effects have been well documented, but its mechanisms of action (MOA) are not fully understood. METHODS The aim of this study is to validate the inhibitory LA effect on the proliferation of various breast cancer cell lines and to investigate the MOA that may be involved in this process. We tested LA effects by ex vivo studies on fresh human mammary tumour samples. RESULTS We demonstrate that LA inhibits the proliferation and Akt and ERK signalling pathways of several breast cancer cells. While searching for upstream dysregulations, we discovered the loss of expression of IGF-1R upon exposure to LA. This decrease is due to the downregulation of the convertase, furin, which is implicated in the maturation of IGF-1R. Moreover, ex vivo studies on human tumour samples showed that LA significantly decreases the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67. CONCLUSION LA exerts its anti-proliferative effect by inhibiting the maturation of IGF-1R via the downregulation of furin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Farhat
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Cancer biology Stem Cells and Molecular Immunology, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sophie Léon
- Plateforme Ex-Vivo, Département de Recherche Translationnelle et Innovation, SIRIC LYriCAN, INCa-DGOS-Inserm_12563, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Sandra E Ghayad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Gadot
- Plateforme Anatomopathologie-Recherche, Département de Recherche Translationnelle et Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Icard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, Unité de recherche BioTICLA INSERM U 119, 14000, Caen, France
- Service de chirurgie thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Cancer biology Stem Cells and Molecular Immunology, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hubert Lincet
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.
- ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France.
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24
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Farhat D, Ghayad SE, Icard P, Le Romancer M, Hussein N, Lincet H. Lipoic acid-induced oxidative stress abrogates IGF-1R maturation by inhibiting the CREB/furin axis in breast cancer cell lines. Oncogene 2020; 39:3604-3610. [PMID: 32060422 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1211-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The beneficial effects of lipoic acid (LA) in cancer treatment have been well documented in the last decade. Indeed, LA exerts crucial antiproliferative effects by reducing breast cancer cell viability, cell cycle progression and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the mechanisms of action (MOA) underlying these antiproliferative effects remain to be elucidated. Recently, we demonstrated that LA decreases breast cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting IGF-1R maturation via the downregulation of the proprotein convertase furin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the MOA by which LA inhibits furin expression in estrogen receptor α (ERα) (+) and (-) breast cancer cell lines. We unveil that LA exerts a pro-oxidant effect on these cell lines, the resulting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated being responsible for the reduction in the expression of the major (CREB) protein. This transcription factor is overexpressed in many types of cancers and regulates the expression of furin in breast cancer cells independently of ERα, as evidenced herein by the inhibition of furin expression following CREB silencing. Consequently, our findings expose for the first time the complete MOA of LA via the CREB/furin axis leading to inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Farhat
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.,Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Cancer biology Stem Cells and Molecular Immunology, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sandra E Ghayad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Philippe Icard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, Unité de recherche BioTICLA INSERM U 119, 14000, Caen, France.,Service de chirurgie thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Cancer biology Stem Cells and Molecular Immunology, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hubert Lincet
- Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France. .,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France. .,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France. .,ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France.
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25
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Borowczyk K, Olejarz P, Chwatko G, Szylberg M, Głowacki R. A Simplified Method for Simultaneous Determination of α-Lipoic Acid and Low-Molecular-Mass Thiols in Human Plasma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031049. [PMID: 32033303 PMCID: PMC7037620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Lipoic acid, glutathione, cysteine, and cysteinylglycine can be applied as therapeutic agents in civilization diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. On the other hand, a higher concentration of homocysteine can result in health problems and has been indicated as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and accelerated atherosclerosis. Here, the first simplified HPLC-UV assay that enables simultaneous determination of α-lipoic acid and low-molecular-mass thiols in plasma, reduces the number of steps, shortens the total time of sample preparation, and limits the amount of single-use polypropylene laboratory materials is described. The assay is based on reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection and simultaneous reduction of disulfide bound with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine and the selective pre-column derivatization of the thiol group with 1-benzyl-2-chloropyridinium bromide. Linearity in the detector responses for plasma samples were observed in ranges: 0.12-5.0 nmol mL-1 for α-lipoic acid; 2.0-20.0 nmol mL-1 for glutathione, cysteinylglycine, and homocysteine; and 40.0-400.0 for cysteine. The LODs for α-lipoic acid and low-molecular-mass thiols were 0.08 and 0.12 nmol mL-1, respectively, while LOQs were 0.12 and 0.16 nmol mL-1, respectively. The usefulness of the proposed method has been proven by its application to real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Borowczyk
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Łódź, Poland; (P.O.); (G.C.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-426-3558-44; Fax: +48-4263-558-41
| | - Patrycja Olejarz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Łódź, Poland; (P.O.); (G.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Grażyna Chwatko
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Łódź, Poland; (P.O.); (G.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Marcin Szylberg
- Rehabilitation Center “Kraszewski”, Kraszewskiego 7/9, 93-161 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Rafał Głowacki
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Łódź, Poland; (P.O.); (G.C.); (R.G.)
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26
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Preparation of Chitosan Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and the Recognition Mechanism for Adsorption of Alpha-Lipoic Acid. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020312. [PMID: 31940978 PMCID: PMC7024251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two effective molecularly imprinted polymers for the adsorption of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) were synthesized by the cross-linking of chitosan with epichlorohydrin (ECH) and glutaraldehyde (GLU), respectively, in the presence of ALA as template molecules. Investigations on the molar ratios of ALA and chitosan (–NH2) in the preparation of chitosan molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were carried out with a factor of ALA rebinding capabilities. The surface morphology and chemical properties of the polymers were characterized. The optimized MIPs crosslinked by ECH (MIPs–ECH) and MIPs crosslinked by GLU (MIPs–GLU) had adsorption capabilities of 12.09 mg/g and 19.72 mg/g for ALA, respectively. The adsorption behaviors of two kinds of chitosan MIPs including adsorption kinetics and isotherms were investigated in detail. Adsorption and kinetic binding experiments showed that the prepared MIPs–ECH and MIPs–GLU had selective adsorption and excellent affinity for ALA. In addition, the possible binding models between ALA and chitosan oligosaccharide were predicted by molecular dynamics simulation.
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