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Ramos Monserrat M, Ramón Molinas J, Fuster Truyol M, Bonet Manresa A, Planas Juan T, Montaño Moreno JJ, Pérez Martín MDLÁ, Ruíz Armengol P, Personat Labrador A, Lamilla Buades CM, Carrión García VM, Salvá Garví M, Nuñez Jiménez C, Cabeza Irigoyen E. Assessing the social impacts of the COVID-19 crisis using phone helplines. The case of the Balearic Islands, Spain. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1270906. [PMID: 38550322 PMCID: PMC10976841 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1270906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Crises and health policies to tackle them can increase health inequalities. We explored the scope and usefulness of helplines set up during the COVID-19 crisis and characterised the vulnerability of their users. This study explored the geographic and socioeconomic effects of the telephone helplines set up by the Balearic Islands Government and aimed to characterise the vulnerability of their users. Methods Telephonic survey combined with a geographical analysis of a sample of calls made between 15th of March and 30th of June of 2020 to five helplines: COVID-19 general information; psychological, social (minimum vital income), labour (temporary employment regulation), and housing (rental assistance) helps. The questionnaire included sociodemographic and housing characteristics, type of problem, and if it was solved or not. We used multinomial regression to explore factors associated with having solved the problem. We calculated the standardised rate of calls by municipality using Chi-squared and z-test to test differences. Results 1,321 interviews from 2,678 selected (231 excluded, 608 untraceable, and 518 refusals). 63.8% of women, 48.7% were born in another country. They had no internet at home in 3.1%, only on the phone in 17.3%. The 23.5% had no income at home. The Problem was solved in 25.4%, and partly in 30.9%. Factors associated with not solving the problem were not having income at home (p = 0.021), labour (p = 0.008), economic (p = 0.000) or housing (p = 0.000) problems. People from 55 of 67 municipalities did at least one call. The highest rates of calls were from coastal tourist municipalities. Conclusion Helplines reached most of the territory of the Balearic Islands and were used mainly in tourist municipalities. It probably has not been helpful for families with more significant deprivation. Digital inequalities have emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ramos Monserrat
- Balearic Islands Public Health Department, Palma, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Marta Fuster Truyol
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Aina Bonet Manresa
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Trinidad Planas Juan
- Balearic Islands Public Health Department, Palma, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan José Montaño Moreno
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Catalina Nuñez Jiménez
- Balearic Islands Public Health Department, Palma, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Elena Cabeza Irigoyen
- Balearic Islands Public Health Department, Palma, Spain
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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2
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Wong MYC, Ou KL, Man Leung K. Investigating and promoting health behaviors reactivity among Hong Kong older adults in the post-COVID-19 Era: An exploratory network analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293512. [PMID: 37917757 PMCID: PMC10621926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical distance has increased the risk of developing a variety of health problems, especially among older people. During the COVID-19 lockdown period, physical activity decreased, screen time increased, food consumption increased, as well as exposure to unhealthy behaviour, leading to poorer sleep quality and more negative emotions, which ultimately led to poorer physical health, mental health, and subjective vitality among older adults. Although there were numerous research studies on changes in health behaviours during COVID-19, only a few were targeted at older adults, and none were conducted in Asian countries. METHOD The current study is aiming to identify the changes in health behaviours, as well as their associations with older adults' mental health as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic among Hong Kong older adults, using exploratory network analysis. In this study, a random tele-survey was conducted among older adults. RESULTS A total of 664 participants have been involved in the telephone survey, with 213 males and 451 females, of which mean age was 74.37. The explored network showed strong centrality and edge stability, thus enabling to reveal an overview of the associations between health behaviours and mental well-being of older adults. The lavaan model has also demonstrated the casual paths within the explored network, which indicated the significant impact of sleeping quality, eating habits and social networking on resilience. CONCLUSION The outcomes of the study were able to identify the lifestyle changes of Hong Kong older adults due to COVID-19. Although the present study is not regarded as novel internationally, it may be representative of the Hong Kong community. In order to facilitate active aging during the pandemic, a user-friendly electronic platform for healthy living should include older adults in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai-ling Ou
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Man Leung
- The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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3
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Ankeny RA, Whittaker AL, Ryan M, Boer J, Plebanski M, Tuke J, Spencer SJ. The power of effective study design in animal Experimentation: Exploring the statistical and ethical implications of asking multiple questions of a data set. Brain Behav Immun 2023:S0889-1591(23)00156-3. [PMID: 37315700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the chief advantages of using highly standardised biological models including model organisms is that multiple variables can be precisely controlled so that the variable of interest is more easily studied. However, such an approach often obscures effects in sub-populations resulting from natural population heterogeneity. Efforts to expand our fundamental understanding of multiple sub-populations are in progress. However, such stratified or personalised approaches require fundamental modifications of our usual study designs that should be implemented in Brain, Behavior and Immunity (BBI) research going forward. Here we explore the statistical feasibility of asking multiple questions (including incorporating sex) within the same experimental cohort using statistical simulations of real data. We illustrate and discuss the large explosion in sample numbers necessary to detect effects with appropriate power for every additional question posed using the same data set. This exploration highlights the strong likelihood of type II errors (false negatives) for standard data and type I errors when dealing with complex genomic data, where studies are too under-powered to appropriately test these interactions. We show this power may differ for males and females in high throughput data sets such as RNA sequencing. We offer a rationale for the use of alternative experimental and statistical strategies based on interdisciplinary insights and discuss the real-world implications of increasing the complexities of our experimental designs, and the implications of not attempting to alter our experimental designs going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Ankeny
- School of Humanities, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - A L Whittaker
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - M Ryan
- School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, Australia
| | - J Boer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - M Plebanski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia
| | - J Tuke
- School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, Australia
| | - S J Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia.
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Gizdic A, Baxter T, Barrantes-Vidal N, Park S. Social connectedness and resilience post COVID-19 pandemic: Buffering against trauma, stress, and psychosis. PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:100126. [PMID: 37168290 PMCID: PMC10156379 DOI: 10.1016/j.psycom.2023.100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated psychosocial predictors of psychosis-risk, depression, anxiety, and stress in Croatia two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the existing transgenerational war trauma and associated psychiatric consequences in Croatian population, a significant pandemic-related deterioration of mental health was expected. Recent studies suggest that after an initial increase in psychiatric disorders during the pandemic in Croatia, depression, stress, and anxiety rapidly declined. These findings highlight the role of social connectedness and resilience in the face of the global pandemic. We examined resilience and psychiatric disorder risk in 377 Croatian adults using an anonymous online mental health survey. Results indicate that there was an exacerbation of all mental ill health variables, including depression, anxiety, stress, and a doubled risk for psychosis outcome post-COVID pandemic. Stress decreased levels of resilience, however, those exposed to previous traumatic experience and greater social connectedness had higher resilience levels. These findings suggest that individual differences in underlying stress sensitization of Croatian population due to past trauma may continue to influence mental health consequences two years after COVID-19 pandemic. It is essential to promote the importance of social connectedness and resilience in preventing the development of variety of mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Gizdic
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tatiana Baxter
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Neus Barrantes-Vidal
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Sant Pere Claver - Fundació Sanitària, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sohee Park
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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ASGARD is A Single-cell Guided Pipeline to Aid Repurposing of Drugs. Nat Commun 2023; 14:993. [PMID: 36813801 PMCID: PMC9945835 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36637-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing technology has enabled in-depth analysis of intercellular heterogeneity in various diseases. However, its full potential for precision medicine has yet to be reached. Towards this, we propose A Single-cell Guided Pipeline to Aid Repurposing of Drugs (ASGARD) that defines a drug score to recommend drugs by considering all cell clusters to address the intercellular heterogeneity within each patient. ASGARD shows significantly better average accuracy on single-drug therapy compared to two bulk-cell-based drug repurposing methods. We also demonstrated that it performs considerably better than other cell cluster-level predicting methods. In addition, we validate ASGARD using the drug response prediction method TRANSACT with Triple-Negative-Breast-Cancer patient samples. We find that many top-ranked drugs are either approved by the Food and Drug Administration or in clinical trials treating corresponding diseases. In conclusion, ASGARD is a promising drug repurposing recommendation tool guided by single-cell RNA-seq for personalized medicine. ASGARD is free for educational use at https://github.com/lanagarmire/ASGARD .
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Rezaee Vessal S, Partouche-Sebban J, Schiavone F. Reliving a traumatic experience through emotional creativity: the bright side of cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/jocm-11-2021-0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe COVID-19 outbreak has undoubtedly affected overall mental health. Thus, researching resilience is important, as it has been previously discussed as a means to protect people from mental health problems. This study aims to clarify whether survivors of a traumatic event (i.e. cancer survivors) are more resilient to living through another traumatic experience, such as COVID-19, compared to those who have never had such an experience. The study also examines the role of emotional creativity in this process.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research design was adopted. The data collection was performed through a survey (N = 338), which was conducted among two separate groups of participants. The first group (N = 152) included the survivors of a traumatic event (i.e. cancer survivors), and the second group (N = 186) included those who did not have such an experience.FindingsThe results demonstrate that living through a traumatic experience results in a higher level of resilience during another traumatic experience (i.e. COVID-19), which is the result of higher post-traumatic growth. Moreover, emotional creativity is discussed as an explanatory variable that explains a significantly higher level of post-traumatic growth among survivors of a traumatic event.Originality/valueThis research offers a better understanding of the effect of living through a traumatic event on post-traumatic growth and resilience in living through another traumatic experience. Moreover, post-traumatic growth is explained through emotional creativity improvement, which happens after experiencing a traumatic life event.
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Wall CL, Carson J, Brown G. COVID-19 Relates to Both PTSD and PTG in a Non-clinical Population, Why? JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2022.2068264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerome Carson
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Bolton, Bolton, UK
| | - Gill Brown
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Bolton, Bolton, UK
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Wang S, Hao M, Pan Z, Lei J, Zou X. Data-driven multi-scale mathematical modeling of SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals heterogeneity among COVID-19 patients. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009587. [PMID: 34818337 PMCID: PMC8654229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often exhibit diverse disease progressions associated with various infectious ability, symptoms, and clinical treatments. To systematically and thoroughly understand the heterogeneous progression of COVID-19, we developed a multi-scale computational model to quantitatively understand the heterogeneous progression of COVID-19 patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The model consists of intracellular viral dynamics, multicellular infection process, and immune responses, and was formulated using a combination of differential equations and stochastic modeling. By integrating multi-source clinical data with model analysis, we quantified individual heterogeneity using two indexes, i.e., the ratio of infected cells and incubation period. Specifically, our simulations revealed that increasing the host antiviral state or virus induced type I interferon (IFN) production rate can prolong the incubation period and postpone the transition from asymptomatic to symptomatic outcomes. We further identified the threshold dynamics of T cell exhaustion in the transition between mild-moderate and severe symptoms, and that patients with severe symptoms exhibited a lack of naïve T cells at a late stage. In addition, we quantified the efficacy of treating COVID-19 patients and investigated the effects of various therapeutic strategies. Simulations results suggested that single antiviral therapy is sufficient for moderate patients, while combination therapies and prevention of T cell exhaustion are needed for severe patients. These results highlight the critical roles of IFN and T cell responses in regulating the stage transition during COVID-19 progression. Our study reveals a quantitative relationship underpinning the heterogeneity of transition stage during COVID-19 progression and can provide a potential guidance for personalized therapy in COVID-19 patients. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently destroying both lives and economies. However, patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) usually present heterogeneous and complicated progressions, such as different incubation periods (short and long), symptoms (asymptomatic and symptomatic) and severity (mild-moderate and severe). Currently, various clinical data and experimental data are available from different countries, which has great significance for integrating different types of data to comprehensively understand the diverse disease progression in COVID-19 patients and guide individual treatment strategies. Here, we developed a multi-scale computational model to describe the dynamical process of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, including intracellular viral dynamics, multicellular infection process, and immune responses. By combining data integration, stochastic simulation and quantitative analysis based on the multi-scale mathematical model, we addressed an important question regarding how IFN response and T cell exhaustion quantitatively affect heterogeneous progression in patients with respect to incubation periods, symptoms and severity. Furthermore, the efficacy of various therapeutic strategies for treating COVID-19 patients with different severity degrees was evaluated and validated. The computational framework in this study can also be extended to explore the dynamical process of other coronavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Computational Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengqian Hao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Computational Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zishu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinzhi Lei
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Center for Applied Mathematics, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (XZ)
| | - Xiufen Zou
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Computational Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (JL); (XZ)
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Mitrică B, Mocanu I, Grigorescu I, Dumitraşcu M, Pistol A, Damian N, Şerban P. Population Vulnerability to the SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection. A County-Level Geographical-Methodological Approach in Romania. GEOHEALTH 2021; 5:e2021GH000461. [PMID: 34755001 PMCID: PMC8556730 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The assessment and identification of risk/vulnerable groups and risk factors are vital elements that can help quantify the pandemic potential of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in order to plan prevention and treatment measures. The aim of the study is to identify a methodological approach of population vulnerability to the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. The study identifies reliable data sources and sets up a unitary database with statistical variables, quantitative and qualitative indicators with potential for being updated and improved. The analysis takes into account a number of variables/indicators (e.g., elderly persons, population without physician care, number of people suffering from cardiovascular diseases, number of people suffering from respiratory diseases, dwellings not connected to the public water supply network, no. of medical staff, number of COVID-19 hospitals, PCR testing laboratories, number of vaccinated persons) grouped into the key vulnerability components: exposure, sensitivity, coping capacity and adaptive capacity. They allowed the computation of the final Index of Population Vulnerability to the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and the mapping of different dimensions of vulnerability. The study was performed using the statistical data available at NUTS3/County level provided by different institutions (e.g., the Ministry of Health, the National Institute of Public Health, the Strategic Communication Group, and the National Institute of Statistics). The mapping of the different degrees of vulnerability could solve a problem of visibility for possible areas with vulnerable population, but also a problem of communication between different institutional health and administrative levels, as well as between all of them and the local communities and/or professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Mitrică
- Human Geography and Regional Development DepartmentInstitute of GeographyRomanian AcademyBucharestRomania
| | - Irena Mocanu
- Human Geography and Regional Development DepartmentInstitute of GeographyRomanian AcademyBucharestRomania
| | - Ines Grigorescu
- Environmental Geography and GIS DepartmentInstitute of GeographyRomanian AcademyBucharestRomania
| | - Monica Dumitraşcu
- Physical Geography DepartmentInstitute of GeographyRomanian AcademyBucharestRomania
| | | | - Nicoleta Damian
- Environmental Geography and GIS DepartmentInstitute of GeographyRomanian AcademyBucharestRomania
| | - Paul‐Răzvan Şerban
- Human Geography and Regional Development DepartmentInstitute of GeographyRomanian AcademyBucharestRomania
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10
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Surzykiewicz J, Konaszewski K, Skalski S, Dobrakowski PP, Muszyńska J. Resilience and Mental Health in the Polish Population during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Mediation Analysis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4974. [PMID: 34768494 PMCID: PMC8584348 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to assess the state of resilience and well-being in the Polish population during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also assessed the relationship between resilience and mental health. Finally, we tested the mediating role of COVID-19 anxiety, persistent thinking, and the stress burden in the relationship between mental health and resilience. This research perspective can provide important insights into how individuals can become mentally stronger during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This study included 1758 people (73% women) aged 18-80 years. The procedure consisted of completing a questionnaire measuring well-being, COVID-19 anxiety, obsession with COVID-19, stress over COVID-19, and resilience. RESULTS Bootstrap sampling analysis showed significant partial mediators for the relationship between resilience and well-being. Important mediators were coronavirus anxiety, persistent thinking, and perceived stress. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study clearly indicate that resilience as a protective factor is associated with reduced anxiety about COVID-19, perceived stress burden, obsessive thoughts about the pandemic, and increased well-being of individuals. Resilience plays an important role in minimizing negative and enhancing positive health indicators in the face of challenging life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Surzykiewicz
- Faculty of Philosophy and Education, Catholic University of Eichstaett-Ingolstadt, 85051 Eichstaett, Germany
- Faculty of Education, Cardinal Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Konaszewski
- Faculty of Education, University of Bialystok, 15328 Bialystok, Poland; (K.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Sebastian Skalski
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 00950 Warsaw, Poland;
| | | | - Jolanta Muszyńska
- Faculty of Education, University of Bialystok, 15328 Bialystok, Poland; (K.K.); (J.M.)
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Lazarus NR, Harridge SDR. A Hypothesis: The Interplay of Exercise and Physiological Heterogeneity as Drivers of Human Ageing. Front Physiol 2021; 12:695392. [PMID: 34566675 PMCID: PMC8458865 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.695392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the inherent ageing process affects every facet of biology, physiology could be considered as the study of the healthy human ageing process. Where biological health is affected by lifestyle, the continual and continuing interaction of this process with physical activity and other lifestyle choices determine whether the ageing trajectory is toward health or disease. The presentation of both these states is further modified in individuals by the interaction of inherent physiological heterogeneity and the heterogeneity associated with responses and adaptions to exercise. The range of heterogeneity in healthy physiology is circumscribed by the necessity to conform to that of the human species. Our hypothesis is that, when sufficient exercise is present, these multiple interactions appear to produce an ageing profile that, while functional ability is in decline, remains synchronous, coherent, and integrated throughout most of life. In the absence of sufficient physical activity, physiology over time is gradually deteriorating toward the production of a lifestyle disease. Here, the ageing process, interacting with individual physiological heterogeneity, probably determines the age of presentation of a disease as well as the order of presentation of subsequent diseases. In this article, we discuss this hypothesis and related concepts in the context of the trajectory of healthy and non-healthy human ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman R Lazarus
- Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D R Harridge
- Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Gur-Arie R, Berger Z, Rubinstein Reiss D. COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Through the Lived Experiences of Health Care Personnel: Policy and Legal Considerations. Health Equity 2021; 5:688-696. [PMID: 34909538 PMCID: PMC8665801 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2021.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate whether coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination campaigns targeted at health care personnel (HCP) in the United States have addressed the lived experiences of HCP on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze policy and legal considerations for improving COVID-19 vaccine uptake among HCP. Methods: We conducted a literature and policy review to explore the lived experiences of different occupational groups of HCP on the frontlines of the COVID-19 pandemic-physicians, nurses, trainees, and nonclinical essential workers-in relation to ongoing COVID-19 vaccination campaigns. Finally, we discuss policy and legal considerations to improve the state of HCP COVID-19 vaccine uptake as the pandemic progresses. Results: COVID-19 vaccination campaigns have not achieved consistent high uptake among HCP for many reasons, including vaccine hesitancy, personal, professional considerations, and equity-rooted challenges. Conclusion: HCPs lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic reveal meaningful impediments to their COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We suggest that health care systems minimize inequity inherent in existing vaccination campaigns by providing financial and social support to HCP to raise HCP COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Gur-Arie
- Berman Institute of Bioethics and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zackary Berger
- Berman Institute of Bioethics and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- The Esperanza Center, Catholic Charities, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dorit Rubinstein Reiss
- College of the Law, University of California, Hastings College of the Law, San Francisco, California, USA
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He B, Xiao Y, Liang H, Huang Q, Du Y, Li Y, Garmire D, Sun D, Garmire LX. ASGARD: A Single-cell Guided pipeline to Aid Repurposing of Drugs. ARXIV 2021:2109.06377. [PMID: 34545335 PMCID: PMC8452105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular heterogeneity is a major obstacle to successful precision medicine. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has enabled in-depth analysis of intercellular heterogeneity in various diseases. However, its full potential for precision medicine has yet to be reached. Towards this, we propose a new drug recommendation system called: A Single-cell Guided Pipeline to Aid Repurposing of Drugs (ASGARD). ASGARD defines a novel drug score predicting drugs by considering all cell clusters to address the intercellular heterogeneity within each patient. We tested ASGARD on multiple diseases, including breast cancer, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). On single-drug therapy, ASGARD shows significantly better average accuracy (AUC of 0.92) compared to two other bulk-cell-based drug repurposing methods (AUC of 0.80 and 0.76). It is also considerably better (AUC of 0.82) than other cell cluster level predicting methods (AUC of 0.67 and 0.55). In addition, ASGARD is also validated by the drug response prediction method TRANSACT with Triple-Negative-Breast-Cancer patient samples. Many top-ranked drugs are either approved by FDA or in clinical trials treating corresponding diseases. In silico cell-type specific drop-out experiments using triple-negative breast cancers show the importance of T cells in the tumor microenvironment in affecting drug predictions. In conclusion, ASGARD is a promising drug repurposing recommendation tool guided by single-cell RNA-seq for personalized medicine. ASGARD is free for educational use at https://github.com/lanagarmire/ASGARD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing He
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Haodong Liang
- Department of Statistics, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Qianhui Huang
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yuheng Du
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Garmire
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lana X Garmire
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Beneduci R, Bilotta E, Pantano P. A unifying nonlinear probabilistic epidemic model in space and time. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13860. [PMID: 34226649 PMCID: PMC8257652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93388-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Covid-19 epidemic dramatically relaunched the importance of mathematical modelling in supporting governments decisions to slow down the disease propagation. On the other hand, it remains a challenging task for mathematical modelling. The interplay between different models could be a key element in the modelling strategies. Here we propose a continuous space-time non-linear probabilistic model from which we can derive many of the existing models both deterministic and stochastic as for example SI, SIR, SIR stochastic, continuous-time stochastic models, discrete stochastic models, Fisher-Kolmogorov model. A partial analogy with the statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics provides an interpretation of the model. Epidemic forecasting is one of its possible applications; in principle, the model can be used in order to locate those regions of space where the infection probability is going to increase. The connection between non-linear probabilistic and non-linear deterministic models is analyzed. In particular, it is shown that the Fisher-Kolmogorov equation is connected to linear probabilistic models. On the other hand, a generalized version of the Fisher-Kolmogorov equation is derived from the non-linear probabilistic model and is shown to be characterized by a non-homogeneous time-dependent diffusion coefficient (anomalous diffusion) which encodes information about the non-linearity of the probabilistic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Beneduci
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, 87036, Italy.
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, gruppo collegato Cosenza, Rende, CS, 87036, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Bilotta
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, 87036, Italy
| | - Pietro Pantano
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria, Rende, CS, 87036, Italy
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Kharaba Z, Al-Azzam S, Alhusban A, Nuseir K. A look behind the scenes: COVID-19 impact on depression and perceived stress of UAE population. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2021. [PMCID: PMC8239321 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-021-00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic is taking many lives every day. It affects literally all aspects of life and changes humanity communication tools, mobility, lifestyle, and feasibly their level of perceived stress and depression. The present study aims to investigate the psychological health status in terms of perceived stress and depression among the UAE population in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study in the UAE during the lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Validated assessment tools (PHQ-9 and PSS) were used to assess depression and perceived stress, respectively. Data were analyzed using categorical data and mean± SD for scores of perceived stress, and depression scales were calculated. The SPSS statistical software (version 24.0) was used for data analysis purposes. Results Our findings revealed that the pandemic has significantly influenced the daily routine and psychological health. Depressive symptoms were prevalent in 47.8% of the participants. A concerned percent of participants around 84% were anxious. Age, gender, school attendance, and the impact of the pandemic on work performance were the major factors of developing depression and perceived stress symptoms. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has a considerable negative psychological impact on the public in the UAE. The importance of the current study also came from the fact that only very few or no study has holistically evaluated the psychological state of the public during the lockdown in the UAE. The figures that reflect the depression and the perceived stress level among the public during the lockdown also struck our attention. Almost half of the participants in this study suffered from depression. Also, approximately 85% of the same were anxious during the lockdown. These figures should not be overlooked when further psychological assessment studies are conducted.
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Zhang J, Liu X. Media representation of older people's vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Eur J Ageing 2021; 18:149-158. [PMID: 33758584 PMCID: PMC7971386 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-021-00613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults have gained great media attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, as they were believed to be vulnerable to the novel virus based on clinical data and epidemiological evidence. The high volume of media coverage played an important role in calling for improved public health services for the older population. Nevertheless, problematic media representations of older people might evoke or amplify ageism during the pandemic. Therefore, drawing on empirical data collected from five mainstream Chinese media outlets between January 3 and May 3, 2020, this study examined how the media constructed the vulnerability of older adults and its underlying ageist thinking during the pandemic. The findings showed that the media had clear preferences in constructing older people as passive recipients while seeking resources from families, public institutions and governments at various levels to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. Notably, the media adopted a biomedical-centred framework presenting older people as a homogenous group that was vulnerable to the pandemic. In addition, we found that the media representations of older adults intensified the dichotomised relationship between the young and the old, causing the younger generations to perceive older people as a 'threat' to public health. Moving beyond the Chinese case, this article appeals to the media to be socially responsible by avoiding the stereotyping of the older population and uniting the whole society to combat COVID-19. The findings of this study will help raise awareness among policymakers and care service providers, which is crucial to eliminating ageist attitudes across society and to further allowing the values of older individuals to be fully recognised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Sociology, School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- School of Cultures, Languages and Linguistics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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17
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Verdolini N, Amoretti S, Montejo L, García-Rizo C, Hogg B, Mezquida G, Rabelo-da-Ponte FD, Vallespir C, Radua J, Martinez-Aran A, Pacchiarotti I, Rosa AR, Bernardo M, Vieta E, Torrent C, Solé B. Resilience and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2021; 283:156-164. [PMID: 33556749 PMCID: PMC7845537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience is a process that allows recovery from or adaptation to adversities. The aim of this study was to evaluate state resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in psychiatric patients (PP), unaffected relatives (UR) and community controls (CC). METHODS This study is part of the Barcelona ResIlience Survey for Mental Health COVID-19 (BRIS-MHC) project. Logistic regression models were performed to identify mental health outcomes associated with bad state resilience and predictors of good state resilience. The association between state resilience and specific affective temperaments as well as their influence on the association between depressive symptoms and state resilience were verified. RESULTS The study recruited 898 participants that took part in the survey. The presence of depressive symptoms was a predictor of bad state resilience in PP (β=0.110, OR=1.117, p=0.028). No specific mental health outcome was associated with bad state resilience in UR and CC. Predictors of good state resilience in PP were having pursued hobbies/conducted home tasks (β=1.261, OR=3.528, p=0.044) and level of organization in the family (β=0.986, OR=2.682, p=0.008). Having a controlling family was inversely associated with good state resilience in CC (β=-1.004, OR=0.367, p=0.012). The association between bad state resilience and depressive symptoms was partially mediated by affective temperaments. LIMITATIONS Participants self-reported their psychiatric diagnoses, their relatives' diagnoses or the absence of a psychiatric disorder, as well as their psychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing resilience and coping strategies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic might have important implications in terms of mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Verdolini
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Silvia Amoretti
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Department of Medicine, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Montejo
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Clemente García-Rizo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Department of Medicine, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bridget Hogg
- Centre Fórum Research Unit, Parc de Salut Mar, 410, Llull St., 08019, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 88, Dr. Aiguader St., 08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Predoctoral program, Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), UAB Campus, Plaça Cívica, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Department of Medicine, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 2350, Ramiro Barcelos St., 211, Protásio Alves Av., Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Health science basic Institute, Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Postgraduate Program of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 110, Paulo Gama Av., Farroupilha, Porto Alegre - RS, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Catalina Vallespir
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) group, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anabel Martinez-Aran
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adriane R Rosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 2350, Ramiro Barcelos St., 211, Protásio Alves Av., Santa Cecilia, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Health science basic Institute, Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Postgraduate Program of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 110, Paulo Gama Av., Farroupilha, Porto Alegre - RS, 90040-060, Brazil
| | - Miguel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Department of Medicine, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Carla Torrent
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Brisa Solé
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170, Villarroel St., 08037, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Wang SC, Su KP, Pariante CM. The three frontlines against COVID-19: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:409-414. [PMID: 33548496 PMCID: PMC7857976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is raising global anxiety and fear of both real and perceived health threat from the virus. Overwhelming evidence shows infected patients experiencing neuropsychiatric complications, suggesting that the "psychoneuroimmunity" model might be beneficial in understanding the impact of the virus. Therefore, this Special Issue on "Immunopsychiatry of COVID-19 Pandemic" was launched immediately after the pandemic was declared, with the first paper accepted on the March 25th, 2020. A total of ninety-three papers were accepted, the last one was on the July 10th, 2020 when the initial acute phase started declining. The papers of this Special Issue have illuminated the social impact, psychopathology, neurological manifestation, immunity responses, and potential treatments and prevention on COVID-19. For example, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and suicidal ideation are most common psychiatric manifestations. COVID-19 infection can have central and/or peripheral nervous system symptoms, including headache, sleep disorders, encephalopathy, and loss of taste and smell. A "three-steps" Neuro-COVID infection model (neuro-invasion, clearance and immune response) was established. The current therapeutic interventions for COVID-19 include supportive intervention, immunomodulatory agents, antiviral therapy, and plasma transfusion. Psychological support should be implemented, improving the psychological wellbeing, as well as to enhance psychoneuroimmunity against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Cheng Wang
- Department of Forensic and Addiction Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan City 717, Taiwan,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan City 717, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab) and Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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19
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Gao Y, Chen L, Chi J, Zeng S, Feng X, Li H, Liu D, Feng X, Wang S, Wang Y, Yu R, Yuan Y, Xu S, Li C, Zhang W, Li S, Gao Q. Development and validation of an online model to predict critical COVID-19 with immune-inflammatory parameters. J Intensive Care 2021; 9:19. [PMID: 33602326 PMCID: PMC7891473 DOI: 10.1186/s40560-021-00531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune and inflammatory dysfunction was reported to underpin critical COVID-19(coronavirus disease 2019). We aim to develop a machine learning model that enables accurate prediction of critical COVID-19 using immune-inflammatory features at admission. METHODS We retrospectively collected 2076 consecutive COVID-19 patients with definite outcomes (discharge or death) between January 27, 2020 and March 30, 2020 from two hospitals in China. Critical illness was defined as admission to intensive care unit, receiving invasive ventilation, or death. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) was applied for feature selection. Five machine learning algorithms, including Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Neural Network (NN) were built in a training dataset, and assessed in an internal validation dataset and an external validation dataset. RESULTS Six features (procalcitonin, [T + B + NK cell] count, interleukin 6, C reactive protein, interleukin 2 receptor, T-helper lymphocyte/T-suppressor lymphocyte) were finally used for model development. Five models displayed varying but all promising predictive performance. Notably, the ensemble model, SPMCIIP (severity prediction model for COVID-19 by immune-inflammatory parameters), derived from three contributive algorithms (SVM, GBDT, and NN) achieved the best performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.991 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.979-1.000) in internal validation cohort and 0.999 (95% CI 0.998-1.000) in external validation cohort to identify patients with critical COVID-19. SPMCIIP could accurately and expeditiously predict the occurrence of critical COVID-19 approximately 20 days in advance. CONCLUSIONS The developed online prediction model SPMCIIP is hopeful to facilitate intensive monitoring and early intervention of high risk of critical illness in COVID-19 patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was retrospectively registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( ChiCTR2000032161 ). vv.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Gao
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxi Chen
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tatchee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jianhua Chi
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqing Zeng
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xikang Feng
- School of Software, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Huayi Li
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxia Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Wang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruidi Yu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Xu
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrui Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuaicheng Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tatchee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, 999077, Hong Kong.
| | - Qinglei Gao
- National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Lindinger-Sternart S, Kaur V, Widyaningsih Y, Patel AK. COVID-19 phobia across the world: Impact of resilience on COVID-19 phobia in different nations. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2021; 21:290-302. [PMID: 33821149 PMCID: PMC8013921 DOI: 10.1002/capr.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim This research study focused on exploring the impact of resilience on COVID-19 phobia (C19P) among individuals from different nations including a cluster of European countries, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and the United States of America (USA). Method We recruited research participants via disseminating an electronic survey on Facebook Messenger (FM) that included 812 participants. The electronic survey assessed unidentifiable demographic information, the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S; Arpaci et al., 2020) and the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS; Smith et al, 2008). Results Based on simple linear regression, resilience had a statistically significant negative affect on all four C19P factors including psychological, psychosomatic, economic and social factors (p < .001). Resilience showed a statistically significant difference for at least two nations (p < .001) investigated in this research, as shown by using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Utilising linear regression analysis showed that age affects the resilience score positively significantly (p < .001). Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, we found no statistically significant differences in resilience scores between genders, but found statistically significant differences in resilience scores based on marital status, educational level and professional status (p = .001). Conclusion We concluded that the higher the resilience level, the lower the level of C19P. The level of resilience was highest in the USA, followed by Europe, Pakistan, India and Indonesia. Age affected the resilience level positively and resilience differed based on marital status, education levels, and professional status but not between genders. Implications are offered for effective counselling interventions during this COVID-19 pandemic and the aftermath.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varinder Kaur
- The Family Institute at Northwestern University Evanston IL USA
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21
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Szcześniak D, Gładka A, Misiak B, Cyran A, Rymaszewska J. The SARS-CoV-2 and mental health: From biological mechanisms to social consequences. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 104:110046. [PMID: 32730915 PMCID: PMC7384993 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In December 2019, the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) infection was reported. In only few weeks it has caused a global pandemic, with mortality reaching 3.4%, mostly due to a severe pneumonia. However, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the central nervous system (CNS) and mental health outcomes remains unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of other types of coronaviruses in the brain, especially in the brainstem. There is evidence that the novel coronavirus can penetrate CNS through the olfactory or circulatory route as well as it can have an indirect impact on the brain by causing cytokine storm. There are also first reports of neurological signs in patients infected by the SARS-Cov-2. They show that COVID-19 patients have neurologic manifestations like acute cerebrovascular disease, conscious disturbance, taste and olfactory disturbances. In addition, there are studies showing that certain psychopathological symptoms might appear in infected patients, including those related to mood and psychotic disorders as well as post-traumatic stress disorder. Accumulating evidence also indicates that the pandemic might have a great impact on mental health from the global perspective, with medical workers being particularly vulnerable. In this article, we provide a review of studies investigating the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 on the CNS and mental health outcomes. We describe neurobiology of the virus, highlighting the relevance to mental disorders. Furthermore, this article summarizes the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 from the public health perspective. Finally, we present a critical appraisal of evidence and indicate future directions for studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Szcześniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Ludwika Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Gładka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Ludwika Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Błażej Misiak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Ludwika Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cyran
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Ludwika Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rymaszewska
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wybrzeże Ludwika Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
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22
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Imdad K, Sahana M, Rana MJ, Haque I, Patel PP, Pramanik M. A district-level susceptibility and vulnerability assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic's footprint in India. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2020; 36:100390. [PMID: 33509422 PMCID: PMC7648890 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2020.100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Examines the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in India in four separate time steps. Uses geospatial and geostatistical measure to identify viral hotspots and clusters. Analyses COVID-19′s correlates at the district level, eliciting detailed outputs. Gauges epidemiological susceptibility and socioeconomic vulnerability to COVID-19. Provides a framework for denoting districts where lockdown measures can be eased.
In this study, we trace the COVID-19 pandemic's footprint across India's districts. We identify its primary epicentres and the outbreak's imprint in India's hinterlands in four separate time-steps, signifying the different lockdown stages. We also identify hotspots and predict areas where the pandemic may spread next. Significant clusters in the country's western and northern parts pose risk, along with the threat of rising numbers in the east. We also perform epidemiological and socioeconomic susceptibility and vulnerability analyses, identifying resident populations that may be physiologically weaker, leading to a high incidence of cases and pinpoint regions that may report high fatalities due to ambient poor demographic and health-related factors. Districts with a high share of urban population and high population density face elevated COVID-19 risks. Aspirational districts have a higher magnitude of transmission and fatality. Discerning such locations can allow targeted resource allocation to combat the pandemic's next phase in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Imdad
- Department of Geography, Pandit Prithi Nath PG College (affiliated to Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University), 96/12, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Kanpur 208001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Mehebub Sahana
- School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
| | - Md Juel Rana
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai 400088, India.
| | - Ismail Haque
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Plot No. 16-17, Sector-6, Pushp Vihar Institutional Area, Saket, New Delhi 110017, India.
| | - Priyank Pravin Patel
- Department of Geography, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Malay Pramanik
- Department of Development and Sustainability, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), PO. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; Centre of International Politics, Organization, and Disarmament, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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23
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Hao F, Tam W, Hu X, Tan W, Jiang L, Jiang X, Zhang L, Zhao X, Zou Y, Hu Y, Luo X, McIntyre RS, Quek T, Tran BX, Zhang Z, Pham HQ, Ho CSH, Ho RC. A quantitative and qualitative study on the neuropsychiatric sequelae of acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients in isolation facilities. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:355. [PMID: 33077738 PMCID: PMC7570419 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the neuropsychiatric sequelae of acutely ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection who received treatment in hospital isolation wards during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ten COVID-19 patients who received treatment in various hospitals in Chongqing, China; 10 age- and gender-matched psychiatric patients; and 10 healthy control participants residing in the same city were recruited. All participants completed a survey that collected information on demographic data, physical symptoms in the past 14 days and psychological parameters. Face-to-face interviews with COVID-19 patients were also performed using semi-structured questions. Among the COVID-19 patients, 40% had abnormal findings on the chest computed topography scan, 20% had dysosmia, 10% had dysgeusia, and 80% had repeated positivity on COVID-19 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing. COVID-19 and psychiatric patients were significantly more worried about their health than healthy controls (p = 0.019). A greater proportion of COVID-19 patients experienced impulsivity (p = 0.016) and insomnia (p = 0.039) than psychiatric patients and healthy controls. COVID-19 patients reported a higher psychological impact of the outbreak than psychiatric patients and healthy controls, with half of them having clinically significant symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. COVID-19 and psychiatric patients had higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress than healthy controls. Three themes emerged from the interviews with COVID-19 patients: (i) The emotions experienced by patients after COVID-19 infection (i.e., shock, fear, despair, hope, and boredom); (ii) the external factors that affected patients' mood (i.e., discrimination, medical expenses, care by healthcare workers); and (iii) coping and self-help behavior (i.e., distraction, problem-solving and online support). The future direction in COVID-19 management involves the development of a holistic inpatient service to promote immune and psychological resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Hao
- grid.440187.eThe First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Wilson Tam
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- grid.452206.7First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanqiu Tan
- National University of Singapore (Chongqing) Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- grid.440187.eThe First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojiang Jiang
- grid.440187.eThe First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- grid.440187.eThe First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinling Zhao
- grid.440187.eThe First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiran Zou
- grid.440187.eThe First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Yirong Hu
- grid.440187.eThe First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Luo
- grid.414048.d0000 0004 1799 2720Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Travis Quek
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077 Singapore
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- grid.56046.310000 0004 0642 8489Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000 Vietnam ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Zhisong Zhang
- grid.440755.70000 0004 1793 4061Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, 235000 China
| | - Hai Quang Pham
- grid.444918.40000 0004 1794 7022Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam ,grid.444918.40000 0004 1794 7022Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Cyrus S. H. Ho
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077 Singapore ,grid.410759.e0000 0004 0451 6143Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger C.M. Ho
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077 Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119077 Singapore
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25
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Tan W, Hao F, McIntyre RS, Jiang L, Jiang X, Zhang L, Zhao X, Zou Y, Hu Y, Luo X, Zhang Z, Lai A, Ho R, Tran B, Ho C, Tam W. Is returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic stressful? A study on immediate mental health status and psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures of Chinese workforce. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:84-92. [PMID: 32335200 PMCID: PMC7179503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to quantify the immediate psychological effects and psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures of a workforce returning to work during the COVID-19 epidemic. Workforce returning to work was invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding their attitude toward the COVID-19 epidemic and return-to-work along with psychological parameters including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale- 21 (DASS-21) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures include precautions at personal and organization levels. From 673 valid questionnaires, we found that 10.8% of respondents met the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after returning to work. The respondents reported a low prevalence of anxiety (3.8%), depression (3.7%), stress (1.5%) and insomnia (2.3%). There were no significant differences in the severity of psychiatric symptoms between workers/technicians and executives/managers. >95% reported psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures including good ventilation in the workplace and wore a face mask as protective. Factors that were associated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms in the workforce were marital status, presence of physical symptom, poor physical health and viewing return to work as a health hazard (p < 0.05). In contrast, personal psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures including hand hygiene and wearing face masks as well as organizational measures including significant improvement of workplace hygiene and concerns from the company were associated with less severe psychiatric symptoms (p < 0.05). Contrary to expectations, returning to work had not caused a high level of psychiatric symptoms in the workforce. The low prevalence of psychiatric symptoms could be due to confidence instilled by psychoneuroimmunity prevention measures before the resumption of work. Our findings would provide information for other countries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqiu Tan
- The China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Think Tank, Chongqing 400043, China,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Fengyi Hao
- The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Li Jiang
- The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojiang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinling Zhao
- The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiran Zou
- The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Yirong Hu
- The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Luo
- The First People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhisong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Andre Lai
- Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China,Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Roger Ho
- Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
| | - Bach Tran
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA,Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Cyrus Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore,Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Wilson Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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26
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Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, McIntyre RS, Choo FN, Tran B, Ho R, Sharma VK, Ho C. A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:40-48. [PMID: 32298802 PMCID: PMC7153528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1516] [Impact Index Per Article: 379.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to being a public physical health emergency, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected global mental health, as evidenced by panic-buying worldwide as cases soared. Little is known about changes in levels of psychological impact, stress, anxiety and depression during this pandemic. This longitudinal study surveyed the general population twice - during the initial outbreak, and the epidemic's peak four weeks later, surveying demographics, symptoms, knowledge, concerns, and precautionary measures against COVID-19. There were 1738 respondents from 190 Chinese cities (1210 first-survey respondents, 861 s-survey respondents; 333 respondents participated in both). Psychological impact and mental health status were assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), respectively. IES-R measures PTSD symptoms in survivorship after an event. DASS -21 is based on tripartite model of psychopathology that comprise a general distress construct with distinct characteristics. This study found that there was a statistically significant longitudinal reduction in mean IES-R scores (from 32.98 to 30.76, p < 0.01) after 4 weeks. Nevertheless, the mean IES-R score of the first- and second-survey respondents were above the cut-off scores (>24) for PTSD symptoms, suggesting that the reduction in scores was not clinically significant. During the initial evaluation, moderate-to-severe stress, anxiety and depression were noted in 8.1%, 28.8% and 16.5%, respectively and there were no significant longitudinal changes in stress, anxiety and depression levels (p > 0.05). Protective factors included high level of confidence in doctors, perceived survival likelihood and low risk of contracting COVID-19, satisfaction with health information, personal precautionary measures. As countries around the world brace for an escalation in cases, Governments should focus on effective methods of disseminating unbiased COVID-19 knowledge, teaching correct containment methods, ensuring availability of essential services/commodities, and providing sufficient financial support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Wang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Riyu Pan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Yilin Tan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Linkang Xu
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Faith N Choo
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bach Tran
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States; Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
| | - Vijay K Sharma
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
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27
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Zhu Y, Wang C, Dong L, Xiao M. Home quarantine or centralized quarantine, which is more conducive to fighting COVID-19 pandemic? Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:142-143. [PMID: 32387346 PMCID: PMC7199672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Mood Disorders, the Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| | - Ming Xiao
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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28
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Singh K, Bali J, Singh A, Sharma N. COVID 19: Understanding the Disease to Implement Containment Strategies. MAMC JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/mamcjms.mamcjms_27_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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