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Hegewisch-Solloa E, Nalin AP, Freud AG, Mace EM. Deciphering the localization and trajectory of human natural killer cell development. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:487-506. [PMID: 36869821 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells represent the first line of cellular immunity, comprised of both circulating and tissue-resident natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells. These innate lymphocytes arise from a common CD34+ progenitor that differentiates into mature natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells. The successive stages in natural killer cell maturation are characterized by increased lineage restriction and changes to phenotype and function. Mechanisms of human natural killer cell development have not been fully elucidated, especially the role of signals that drive the spatial localization and maturation of natural killer cells. Cytokines, extracellular matrix components, and chemokines provide maturation signals and influence the trafficking of natural killer cell progenitors to peripheral sites of differentiation. Here we present the latest advances in our understanding of natural killer and innate lymphoid cell development in peripheral sites, including secondary lymphoid tissues (i.e. tonsil). Recent work in the field has provided a model for the spatial distribution of natural killer cell and innate lymphoid cell developmental intermediates in tissue and generated further insights into the developmental niche. In support of this model, future studies using multifaceted approaches seek to fully map the developmental trajectory of human natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells in secondary lymphoid tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everardo Hegewisch-Solloa
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th St. New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ansel P Nalin
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Medical Scientist Training Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 W 10th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave. Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Emily M Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W 168th St. New York, NY 10032, USA
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Hegewisch-Solloa E, Melsen JE, Ravichandran H, Rendeiro AF, Freud AG, Mundy-Bosse B, Melms JC, Eisman SE, Izar B, Grunstein E, Connors TJ, Elemento O, Horowitz A, Mace EM. Mapping human natural killer cell development in pediatric tonsil by imaging mass cytometry and high-resolution microscopy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.05.556371. [PMID: 37732282 PMCID: PMC10508773 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.05.556371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells develop from CD34+ progenitors in a stage-specific manner defined by changes in cell surface receptor expression and function. Secondary lymphoid tissues, including tonsil, are sites of human NK cell development. Here we present new insights into human NK cell development in pediatric tonsil using cyclic immunofluorescence and imaging mass cytometry. We show that NK cell subset localization and interactions are dependent on NK cell developmental stage and tissue residency. NK cell progenitors are found in the interfollicular domain in proximity to cytokine-expressing stromal cells that promote proliferation and maturation. Mature NK cells are primarily found in the T-cell rich parafollicular domain engaging in cell-cell interactions that differ depending on their stage and tissue residency. The presence of local inflammation results in changes in NK cell interactions, abundance, and localization. This study provides the first comprehensive atlas of human NK cell development in secondary lymphoid tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everardo Hegewisch-Solloa
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York NY 10032
| | - Janine E Melsen
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hiranmayi Ravichandran
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - André F Rendeiro
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14 AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Bethany Mundy-Bosse
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Johannes C Melms
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Shira E Eisman
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York NY 10032
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032
- Program for Mathematical Genomics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Eli Grunstein
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
| | - Thomas J Connors
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospital Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10024
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065
| | - Amir Horowitz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029
| | - Emily M Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York NY 10032
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Arianfar E, Khandoozi SR, Mohammadi S, Memarian A. Suppression of CD56 bright NK cells in breast cancer patients is associated with the PD-1 and TGF-βRII expression. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:841-851. [PMID: 36414921 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02997-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells, as professional cytotoxic cells, play a key role against cancer in the early and metastatic stages. Their functional defects are highly associated with the initiation or progression of breast cancer (BC). Here, we investigated the phenotypic characterization of NK cells in 26 newly diagnosed BC patients in comparison to 12 healthy counterparts. METHODS Expression of CXCR3 and PD-1, and also NKG2D, and TGF-βRII were studied on CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells from fresh peripheral blood (PB) samples using flow cytometry. The plasma levels of IFN-γ and soluble MIC-A levels were also assessed by ELISA. RESULTS Both CD56dim and CD56bright NK subtypes showed lower CXCR3 and NKG2D expression in BC patients than healthy subjects. Furthermore, patients' CD56bright NK cells significantly showed higher expression levels of TGF-βRII and PD-1. Interestingly, increased concentration of MIC-A level in plasma of BC patients was associated with the higher TGF-βRII and PD-1 expression in all NK cells, while the plasma level of IFN-γ was associated with the lower TGF-βRII expression on CD56bright NK cells in these patients. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated phenotypically suppressed-NK cells, especially in the CD56bright subset of BC patients. It specifies their potential incompetence and outlines decrement of their anti-tumor activity, which could be interrelated with the tumor pathogenesis, TME immunosuppression, and so disease progression. The induction of compensatory mechanisms revives NK cells function and could be used in combination with the conventional treatments as a putative therapeutic approach for targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Arianfar
- Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Memarian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. .,Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Cord Blood-Derived Natural Killer Cell Exploitation in Immunotherapy Protocols: More Than a Promise? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184439. [PMID: 36139598 PMCID: PMC9496735 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary NK cell anti-tumor activity against hematological malignancies is well-established and many studies support their role in the control of solid tumor growth and metastasis generation. However, tumor microenvironment may affect NK cell function. Ongoing studies are aimed to design novel immunotherapeutic protocols to combine NK cell-based immunotherapy with other therapeutic strategies to improve the anti-tumor NK cell response. In this context, UCB is one of the main sources of both mature NK cells and of CD34+ HSPC that can generate NK cells, both in-vivo and in-vitro. UCB-derived NK cells represent a valuable tool to perform in-vitro and preclinical analyses and are already used in several clinical settings, particularly against hematological malignancies. The present review describes the characteristics of different types of UCB-derived NK cells and the in-vitro models to expand them, both for research and clinical purposes in the context of cancer immunotherapy. Abstract In the last 20 years, Natural Killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy has become a promising approach to target various types of cancer. Indeed, NK cells play a pivotal role in the first-line defense against tumors through major histocompatibility complex-independent immunosurveillance. Their role in the control of leukemia relapse has been clearly established and, moreover, the presence of NK cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) generally correlates with good prognosis. However, it has also been observed that, often, NK cells poorly infiltrate the tumor tissue, and, in TME, their functions may be compromised by immunosuppressive factors that contribute to the failure of anti-cancer immune response. Currently, studies are focused on the design of effective strategies to expand NK cells and enhance their cytotoxic activity, exploiting different cell sources, such as peripheral blood (PB), umbilical cord blood (UCB) and NK cell lines. Among them, UCB represents an important source of mature NK cells and CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs), as precursors of NK cells. In this review, we summarize the UCB-derived NK cell activity in the tumor context, review the different in-vitro models to expand NK cells from UCB, and discuss the importance of their exploitation in anti-tumor immunotherapy protocols.
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Anti-NKG2C/IL-15/anti-CD33 Killer Engager Directs Primary and iPSC-derived NKG2C + NK cells to Specifically Target Myeloid Leukemia. Mol Ther 2021; 29:3410-3421. [PMID: 34174441 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells mediate cytolysis of transformed cells and are currently used as an adoptive cellular therapy to treat cancer. Infection with human cytomegalovirus has been shown to expand a subset of "adaptive" NK cells, expressing the activation receptor NKG2C, that have preferred functional attributes distinct from conventional NK cells. Because NKG2C delivers a strong activating signal to NK cells, we hypothesized that NKG2C could specifically trigger NK cell-mediated antitumor responses. To elicit a tumor-directed response from NKG2C+ NK cells, we created an anti-NKG2C/IL-15/anti-CD33 killer engager, called NKG2C-KE, that directs NKG2C+ cells to target CD33+ cells, and tumor associated antigen expressed by acute myelogenous leukemia cells. The NKG2C-KE induced specific degranulation, interferon-γ production and proliferation of NKG2C-expressing NK cells from patients who reactivated cytomegalovirus after allogeneic transplantation. The NKG2C-KE was also tested in a more homogeneous system using induced pluripotent stem cell derived NK cells (iNK) that have been engineered to express NKG2C at high levels. The NKG2C-KE triggered iNK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against CD33+ cells and primary AML blasts. The NKG2C-KE specific interaction with adaptive NK and NKG2C+ iNK cells represents a new immunotherapeutic paradigm that uniquely engages highly active NK cells to induce cytotoxicity against AML through redirected targeting.
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Shokouhifar A, Anani Sarab G, Yazdanifar M, Fereidouni M, Nouri M, Ebrahimi M. Overcoming the UCB HSCs -Derived NK cells Dysfunction through Harnessing RAS/MAPK, IGF-1R and TGF-β Signaling Pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:298. [PMID: 34098947 PMCID: PMC8185927 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01983-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The natural killer (NK) cells differentiated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) may be more suitable for cell-based immunotherapy compared to the NK cells from adult donors. This is due to the possibility to choose alloreactive donors and potentially more robust in vivo expansion. However, the cytotoxicity of UCB-HSC-derived NK cells against cancer cells might be suboptimal. To overcome this obstacle, we attempted to generate NK cells with potent antitumor activity by targeting RAS/MAPK, IGF-1R and TGF-β signaling pathways using IL-15, IGF-1 and SIS3 respectively. Methods The CD34 + cells were isolated from human UCB mononuclear cells through magnetic activation cell sorting (MACS) with purity of (≥ 90%) and were subjected to differentiate into NK cells. After 21 days of induction with SFTG36 (SCF, FLt-3L, TPO, GM-CSF, IL-3 and IL-6), IS721 (IGF-1, SIS3, IL-7 and IL-21) and IL-15/Hsp70 media, NK cells phenotypes were studied and their cytotoxicity against K562 human erythroleukemia cells and SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells was analyzed. Results The NK cells induced in SFTG36/IS721 medium were selected for activation due to their higher expression of CD56 + 16 + CD3 − (93.23% ± 0.75) and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of NKG2D + (168.66 ± 20.00) and also a higher fold expansion potential (11.893 ± 1.712) compared to the other groups. These cells once activated with IL-15, demonstrated a higher cytotoxicity against K562 (≥ 90%; P ≤ 0.001) and SKOV3 tumor cells (≥ 65%; P ≤ 0.001) compared to IL-15/Hsp70-activated NK cells. Conclusions The differentiation of ex vivo expanded CD34 + cells through manipulation of RAS/MAPK, IGF-1R and TGF-β signaling pathways is an efficient approach for generating functional NK cells that can be used for cancer immunotherapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01983-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Shokouhifar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Genomic Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Anani Sarab
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Mahboubeh Yazdanifar
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Fereidouni
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Nouri
- R&D Department, Royan Stem Cell Technology Co, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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The Antitumor Effect of Heparin is not Mediated by Direct NK Cell Activation. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082666. [PMID: 32824699 PMCID: PMC7463539 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes responsible for the elimination of infected or transformed cells. The activation or inhibition of NK cells is determined by the balance of target cell ligand recognition by stimulatory and inhibitory receptors on their surface. Previous reports have suggested that the glycosaminoglycan heparin is a ligand for the natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp30, NKp44 (human), and NKp46 (both human and mouse). However, the effects of heparin on NK cell homeostasis and function remain unclear. Here, we show that heparin does not enhance NK cell proliferation or killing through NK cell activation. Alternatively, in mice models, heparin promoted NK cell survival in vitro and controlled B16-F10 melanoma metastasis development in vivo. In human NK cells, heparin promisingly increased interferon (IFN)-γ production in synergy with IL-12, although the mechanism remains elusive. Our data showed that heparin is not able to increase NK cell cytotoxicity.
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Franks SE, Wolfson B, Hodge JW. Natural Born Killers: NK Cells in Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2131. [PMID: 32751977 PMCID: PMC7465121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular therapy has emerged as an attractive option for the treatment of cancer, and adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing T cells has gained FDA approval in hematologic malignancy. However, limited efficacy was observed using CAR-T therapy in solid tumors. Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for tumor surveillance and exhibit potent killing capacity of aberrant cells in an antigen-independent manner. Adoptive transfer of unmodified allogeneic or autologous NK cells has shown limited clinical benefit due to factors including low cell number, low cytotoxicity and failure to migrate to tumor sites. To address these problems, immortalized and autologous NK cells have been genetically engineered to express high affinity receptors (CD16), CARs directed against surface proteins (PD-L1, CD19, Her2, etc.) and endogenous cytokines (IL-2 and IL-15) that are crucial for NK cell survival and cytotoxicity, with positive outcomes reported by several groups both preclinically and clinically. With a multitude of NK cell-based therapies currently in clinic trials, it is likely they will play a crucial role in next-generation cell therapy-based treatment. In this review, we will highlight the recent advances and limitations of allogeneic, autologous and genetically enhanced NK cells used in adoptive cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Elizabeth Franks
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Benjamin Wolfson
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James W Hodge
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Lee BJ, Hegewisch Solloa E, Shannon MJ, Mace EM. Generation of cell-derived matrices that support human NK cell migration and differentiation. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1369-1378. [PMID: 32392635 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ma0420-635r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human NK cells are effectors of the innate immune system that originate from hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow. While stromal cell lines that support NK cell development from hematopoietic precursors are often used to generate mature NK cells from lymphoid precursors in vitro, the nature of contributing factors of these stromal cells to the generation of functionally mature NK cells has been poorly described. Previous studies have shown that developing NK cells adhere to, and migrate on, developmentally supportive stroma. Here, we describe the generation of cell-derived matrices (CDMs) from a commonly used murine fetal liver stromal cell line. These CDMs are derived directly from the same EL08.1D2 stromal cell line known to support NK cell differentiation and contain ECM structural components fibronectin and collagen. We demonstrate that CDMs support NK cell adhesion and migration with similar properties as intact cells. Further, we show that CDMs support NK cell maturation from lymphoid precursors in vitro, albeit with reduced cell survival compared to intact cell-based differentiation. Together, these results describe a cell-free system that supports NK cell development and that can serve as a useful model for studying the nature of the biochemical interactions between NK cell developmental intermediates and developmentally supportive substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barclay J Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Everardo Hegewisch Solloa
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael J Shannon
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emily M Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Tufa DM, Shank T, Yingst AM, Trahan GD, Shim S, Lake J, Woods R, Jones K, Verneris MR. Prolactin Acts on Myeloid Progenitors to Modulate SMAD7 Expression and Enhance Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation into the NK Cell Lineage. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6335. [PMID: 32286456 PMCID: PMC7156717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous cell types modulate hematopoiesis through soluble and membrane bound molecules. Whether developing hematopoietic progenitors of a particular lineage modulate the differentiation of other hematopoietic lineages is largely unknown. Here we aimed to investigate the influence of myeloid progenitors on CD34+ cell differentiation into CD56+ innate lymphocytes. Sorted CD34+ cells cultured in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L) give rise to numerous cell types, including progenitors that expressed the prolactin receptor (PRLR). These CD34+PRLR+ myeloid-lineage progenitors were derived from granulocyte monocyte precursors (GMPs) and could develop into granulocytes in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in vitro. Moreover, CD34+PRLR+ myeloid progenitors lacked lymphoid developmental potential, but when stimulated with prolactin (PRL) they increased the differentiation of other CD34+ cell populations into the NK lineage in a non-contact dependent manner. Both mRNA and protein analyses show that PRL increased mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 (SMAD7) in CD34+PRLR+ myeloid cells, which reduced the production of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a cytokine known to inhibit CD56+ cell development. Thus, we uncover an axis whereby CD34+PRLR+ GMPs inhibit CD56+ lineage development through TGF-β1 production and PRL stimulation leads to SMAD7 activation, repression of TGF-β1, resulting in CD56+ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejene M Tufa
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Tyler Shank
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Ashley M Yingst
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - George Devon Trahan
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Seonhui Shim
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jessica Lake
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Renee Woods
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kenneth Jones
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Michael R Verneris
- University of Colorado and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders. Research Complex 1, North Tower, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Mail Stop 8302, Room P18-4108, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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11
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Mu YX, Zhao YX, Li BY, Bao HJ, Jiang H, Qi XL, Bai LY, Wang YH, Ma ZJ, Wu XY. A simple method for in vitro preparation of natural killer cells from cord blood. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:80. [PMID: 31752805 PMCID: PMC6869212 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cord Blood (CB) has been considered a promising source of natural killer (NK) cells for cellular immunotherapy. However, it is difficult to expand the large numbers of highly pure NK cells from CB without cell sorting and feeder cells/multiple cytokines. In this study, we try to develop a simple, safe and economical method for ex vivo expansion and purification of NK cells from CB without cell sorting and feeder cells/multiple cytokines. Results The large numbers (mean: 1.59 × 1010) of highly pure (≥90%) NK cells from CB could be obtained through interleukin-2, group A streptococcus and zoledronate stimulation of mononuclear cells using the 21-day culture approach. When compared to resting NK cells, expanded NK cells were a higher expression of activating receptors CD16, NKG2D, NKp30, NKp44, NKp46 and activating markers CD62L and CD69, while the inhibitory receptors, CD158a and CD158b remained largely unchanged. In addition, these cells showed a higher concentration of IFN-γ, TNF-α and GM-CSF secretion and cytotoxicity to K562 cells and acute myeloid leukemia targets than resting NK cells. Conclusion We develop a simple, safe and economical method to obtain high yield, purity, and functionality NK cells from CB without cell sorting and feeder cells/multiple cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu Mu
- Interventional Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yu Xia Zhao
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bing Yao Li
- Department of Medicine, Chifeng Cancer Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hong Jing Bao
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiao Lei Qi
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Li Yun Bai
- Department of Blood, the People's Hospital of Xing'an League, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yun Hong Wang
- Department of Technology, Stem Cell Medicine Engineering & Technology Research Center of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Department of Research and Development, Beijing Jingmeng Stem Cell Technology CO., LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Jie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiao Yun Wu
- Department of Technology, Stem Cell Medicine Engineering & Technology Research Center of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China. .,Department of Research and Development, Beijing Jingmeng Stem Cell Technology CO., LTD, Beijing, China.
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12
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Li D, Chiu G, Lipe B, Hopkins RA, Lillis J, Ashton JM, Paul S, Aljitawi OS. Decellularized Wharton jelly matrix: a biomimetic scaffold for ex vivo hematopoietic stem cell culture. Blood Adv 2019; 3:1011-1026. [PMID: 30940636 PMCID: PMC6457237 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018019315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside in the bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic "niche," a special 3-dimensional (3D) microenvironment that regulates HSPC self-renewal and multipotency. In this study, we evaluated a novel 3D in vitro culture system that uses components of the BM hematopoietic niche to expand umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+ cells. We developed this model using decellularized Wharton jelly matrix (DWJM) as an extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold and human BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as supporting niche cells. To assess the efficacy of this model in expanding CD34+ cells, we analyzed UCB CD34+ cells, following culture in DWJM, for proliferation, viability, self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and transmigration capability. We found that DWJM significantly expanded UCB HSPC subset. It promoted UCB CD34+ cell quiescence, while maintaining their viability, differentiation potential with megakaryocytic differentiation bias, and clonogenic capacity. DWJM induced an increase in the frequency of c-kit+ cells, a population with enhanced self-renewal ability, and in CXCR4 expression in CD34+ cells, which enhanced their transmigration capability. The presence of BM MSCs in DWJM, however, impaired UCB CD34+ cell transmigration and suppressed CXCR4 expression. Transcriptome analysis indicated that DWJM upregulates a set of genes that are specifically involved in megakaryocytic differentiation, cell mobility, and BM homing. Collectively, our results indicate that the DWJM-based 3D culture system is a novel in vitro model that supports the proliferation of UCB CD34+ cells with enhanced transmigration potential, while maintaining their differentiation potential. Our findings shed light on the interplay between DWJM and BM MSCs in supporting the ex vivo culture of human UCB CD34+ cells for use in clinical transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Grace Chiu
- Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Brea Lipe
- Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Richard A Hopkins
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratories, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, MO; and
| | - Jacquelyn Lillis
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - John M Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Soumen Paul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Omar S Aljitawi
- Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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13
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Lee BJ, Mace EM. Acquisition of cell migration defines NK cell differentiation from hematopoietic stem cell precursors. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:3573-3581. [PMID: 29021341 PMCID: PMC5706986 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-08-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cell precursors undergoing in vitro differentiation from hematopoietic stem cell precursors are tracked by long-term live-cell imaging. As differentiation progresses, NK cells acquire increasingly motile and complex modes of migration. Human natural killer (NK) cells are generated from CD34+ precursors and can be differentiated in vitro by coculture with developmentally supportive stromal cells. We have previously described the acquisition of cell migration as a feature of NK cell terminal maturation in this system. Here we perform continuous long-term imaging and tracking of NK cell progenitors undergoing in vitro differentiation. We demonstrate that NK cell precursors can be tracked over long time periods on the order of weeks by utilizing phase-contrast microscopy and show that these cells acquire increasing motility as they mature. Additionally, we observe that NK cells display a more heterogeneous range of migratory behaviors at later stages of development, with the acquisition of complex modes of migration that are associated with terminal maturation. Together these data demonstrate previously unknown migratory behaviors of innate lymphocytes undergoing lineage differentiation revealed by long-term imaging and analysis workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barclay J Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005.,Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Emily M Mace
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030 .,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
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14
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Herrera L, Salcedo JM, Santos S, Vesga MÁ, Borrego F, Eguizabal C. OP9 Feeder Cells Are Superior to M2-10B4 Cells for the Generation of Mature and Functional Natural Killer Cells from Umbilical Cord Hematopoietic Progenitors. Front Immunol 2017; 8:755. [PMID: 28713379 PMCID: PMC5491543 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive natural killer (NK) cell therapy relies on the acquisition of large numbers of mature and functional NK cells. An option for future immunotherapy treatments is to use large amounts of NK cells derived and differentiated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mainly because UCB is one of the most accessible HSC sources. In our study, we compared the potential of two stromal cell lines, OP9 and M2-10B4, for in vitro generation of mature and functional CD56+ NK cells from UCB CD34+ HSC. We generated higher number of CD56+ NK cells in the presence of the OP9 cell line than when they were generated in the presence of M2-10B4 cells. Furthermore, higher frequency of CD56+ NK cells was achieved earlier when cultures were performed with the OP9 cells than with the M2-10B4 cells. Additionally, we studied in detail the maturation stages of CD56+ NK cells during the in vitro differentiation process. Our data show that by using both stromal cell lines, CD34+ HSC in vitro differentiated into the terminal stages 4–5 of maturation resembled the in vivo differentiation pattern of human NK cells. Higher frequencies of more mature NK cells were reached earlier by using OP9 cell line than M2-10B4 cells. Alternatively, we observed that our in vitro NK cells expressed similar levels of granzyme B and perforin, and there were no significant differences between cultures performed in the presence of OP9 cell line or M2-10B4 cell line. Likewise, degranulation and cytotoxic activity against K562 target cells were very similar in both culture conditions. The results presented here provide an optimal strategy to generate high numbers of mature and functional NK cells in vitro, and point toward the use of the OP9 stromal cell line to accelerate the culture procedure to obtain them. Furthermore, this method could establish the basis for the generation of mature NK cells ready for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Herrera
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Salcedo
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Silvia Santos
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Vesga
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Research Unit, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain.,Immunopathology Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cristina Eguizabal
- Cell Therapy and Stem Cells Group, Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain
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15
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Tarazona R, Sanchez-Correa B, Casas-Avilés I, Campos C, Pera A, Morgado S, López-Sejas N, Hassouneh F, Bergua JM, Arcos MJ, Bañas H, Casado JG, Durán E, Labella F, Solana R. Immunosenescence: limitations of natural killer cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:233-245. [PMID: 27530271 PMCID: PMC11029053 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is primarily considered a disease of old age. Immunosenescence refers to the age-associated changes in the immune system, and its contribution to the increased risk of cancer in old individuals has been discussed for many years. Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate immune cells specialized in defence against tumour and virus-infected cells. NK cell cytotoxicity is the result of a fine balance between activating and inhibitory receptors. Several activating receptors have been identified that recognize different ligands frequently found over-expressed on tumour cells or virus-infected cells. The most important NK cell inhibitory receptors interact with major histocompatibility complex class I molecules expressed on almost all nucleated cells preventing NK cell-mediated lysis of healthy cells. NK cell immunosenescence is characterized by a redistribution of NK cell subsets, a diminished expression of several activating receptors and lower per-cell cytotoxicity. Altered expression of activating receptors has also been described in young and elderly cancer patients probably due to chronic exposure to ligands on tumour cells. Thus, the effect of both age and cancer may act synergistically to diminish NK cell-mediated tumour immunosurveillance. Different strategies harnessing the power of NK cells to target tumour cells have been designed including adoptive therapy with autologous or allogeneic expanded NK cells. In addition, checkpoint blockade of inhibitory receptors and the use of agonist antibodies to stimulate activating receptors are emerging areas of research. In this context, the effect of immunosenescence should be considered to improve the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carmen Campos
- IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital - University of Cordoba, REIPI, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandra Pera
- IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital - University of Cordoba, REIPI, Córdoba, Spain
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Sara Morgado
- Immunology Unit, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Nelson López-Sejas
- IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital - University of Cordoba, REIPI, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fakhri Hassouneh
- IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital - University of Cordoba, REIPI, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan M Bergua
- Department of Haematology, Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Arcos
- Department of Haematology, Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Helena Bañas
- Department of Haematology, Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier G Casado
- Immunology Unit, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre Jesus Uson, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Esther Durán
- Histology and Pathology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Fernando Labella
- IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital - University of Cordoba, REIPI, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Solana
- IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital - University of Cordoba, REIPI, Córdoba, Spain.
- Department of Immunology, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Córdoba, Avenida de Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
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16
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Mace EM, Gunesch JT, Dixon A, Orange JS. Human NK cell development requires CD56-mediated motility and formation of the developmental synapse. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12171. [PMID: 27435370 PMCID: PMC4961740 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While distinct stages of natural killer (NK) cell development have been defined, the molecular interactions that shape human NK cell maturation are poorly understood. Here we define intercellular interactions between developing NK cells and stromal cells which, through contact-dependent mechanisms, promote the generation of mature, functional human NK cells from CD34(+) precursors. We show that developing NK cells undergo unique, developmental stage-specific sustained and transient interactions with developmentally supportive stromal cells, and that the relative motility of NK cells increases as they move through development in vitro and ex vivo. These interactions include the formation of a synapse between developing NK cells and stromal cells, which we term the developmental synapse. Finally, we identify a role for CD56 in developmental synapse structure, NK cell motility and NK cell development. Thus, we define the developmental synapse leading to human NK cell functional maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Mace
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Justin T. Gunesch
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Immunology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Amera Dixon
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Jordan S. Orange
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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17
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Choi JS, Mahadik BP, Harley BAC. Engineering the hematopoietic stem cell niche: Frontiers in biomaterial science. Biotechnol J 2015; 10:1529-45. [PMID: 26356030 PMCID: PMC4724421 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) play a crucial role in the generation of the body's blood and immune cells. This process takes place primarily in the bone marrow in specialized 'niche' microenvironments, which provide signals responsible for maintaining a balance between HSC quiescence, self-renewal, and lineage specification required for life-long hematopoiesis. While our understanding of these signaling mechanisms continues to improve, our ability to engineer them in vitro for the expansion of clinically relevant HSC populations is still lacking. In this review, we focus on development of biomaterials-based culture platforms for in vitro study of interactions between HSCs and their local microenvironment. The tools and techniques used for both examining HSC-niche interactions as well as applying these findings towards controlled HSC expansion or directed differentiation in 2D and 3D platforms are discussed. These novel techniques hold the potential to push the existing boundaries of HSC cultures towards high-throughput, real-time, and single-cell level biomimetic approaches that enable a more nuanced understanding of HSC regulation and function. Their application in conjunction with innovative biomaterial platforms can pave the way for engineering artificial bone marrow niches for clinical applications as well as elucidating the pathology of blood-related cancers and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sun Choi
- Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bhushan P Mahadik
- Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Brendan A C Harley
- Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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18
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Cany J, van der Waart AB, Spanholtz J, Tordoir M, Jansen JH, van der Voort R, Schaap NM, Dolstra H. Combined IL-15 and IL-12 drives the generation of CD34 +-derived natural killer cells with superior maturation and alloreactivity potential following adoptive transfer. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e1017701. [PMID: 26140247 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1017701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells represents a promising treatment approach against cancer, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previously, we reported a cytokine-based culture method for the generation of NK cell products with high cell number and purity. In this system, CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) were expanded and differentiated into NK cells under stroma-free conditions in the presence of IL-15 and IL-2. We show that combining IL-15 with IL-12 drives the generation of more mature and highly functional NK cells. In particular, replacement of IL-2 by IL-12 enhanced the cytolytic activity and IFNγ production of HPC-NK cells toward cultured and primary AML cells in vitro, and improved antileukemic responses in NOD/SCID-IL2Rγnull (NSG) mice bearing human AML cells. Phenotypically, IL-12 increased the frequency of HPC-NK cells expressing NKG2A and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR), which were more responsive to target cell stimulation. In addition, NK15/12 cell products demonstrated superior maturation potential, resulting in >70% positivity for CD16 and/or KIR within 2 weeks after infusion into NSG mice. We predict that higher functionality and faster in vivo maturation will favor HPC-NK cell alloreactivity toward malignant cells in patients, making this cytokine combination an attractive strategy to generate clinical HPC-NK cell products for cancer adoptive immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette Cany
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Laboratory of Hematology; Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc); Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anniek B van der Waart
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Laboratory of Hematology; Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc); Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Spanholtz
- Glycostem Therapeutics; 's-Hertogenbosch , The Netherlands
| | | | - Joop H Jansen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Laboratory of Hematology; Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc); Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert van der Voort
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Laboratory of Hematology; Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc); Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Harry Dolstra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Laboratory of Hematology; Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc); Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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19
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Eguizabal C, Zenarruzabeitia O, Monge J, Santos S, Vesga MA, Maruri N, Arrieta A, Riñón M, Tamayo-Orbegozo E, Amo L, Larrucea S, Borrego F. Natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy: pluripotent stem cells-derived NK cells as an immunotherapeutic perspective. Front Immunol 2014; 5:439. [PMID: 25309538 PMCID: PMC4164009 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play an essential role in the fight against tumor development. Over the last years, the progress made in the NK-cell biology field and in deciphering how NK-cell function is regulated, is driving efforts to utilize NK-cell-based immunotherapy as a promising approach for the treatment of malignant diseases. Therapies involving NK cells may be accomplished by activating and expanding endogenous NK cells by means of cytokine treatment or by transferring exogenous cells by adoptive cell therapy and/or by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. NK cells that are suitable for adoptive cell therapy can be derived from different sources, including ex vivo expansion of autologous NK cells, unstimulated or expanded allogeneic NK cells from peripheral blood, derived from CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors from peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood, and NK-cell lines. Besides, genetically modified NK cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors or cytokines genes may also have a relevant future as therapeutic tools. Recently, it has been described the derivation of large numbers of functional and mature NK cells from pluripotent stem cells, both embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, which adds another tool to the expanding NK-cell-based cancer immunotherapy arsenal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge Monge
- Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues , Galdakao , Spain
| | - Silvia Santos
- Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues , Galdakao , Spain
| | | | - Natalia Maruri
- Regulation of the Immune System Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute , Barakaldo , Spain
| | - Arantza Arrieta
- Regulation of the Immune System Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute , Barakaldo , Spain
| | - Marta Riñón
- Regulation of the Immune System Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute , Barakaldo , Spain
| | | | - Laura Amo
- Regulation of the Immune System Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute , Barakaldo , Spain
| | - Susana Larrucea
- Regulation of the Immune System Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute , Barakaldo , Spain
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Immunopathology Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute , Barakaldo , Spain ; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain
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20
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Luevano M, Domogala A, Blundell M, Jackson N, Pedroza-Pacheco I, Derniame S, Escobedo-Cousin M, Querol S, Thrasher A, Madrigal A, Saudemont A. Frozen cord blood hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into higher numbers of functional natural killer cells in vitro than mobilized hematopoietic stem cells or freshly isolated cord blood hematopoietic stem cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87086. [PMID: 24489840 PMCID: PMC3906137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive natural killer (NK) cell therapy relies on the acquisition of large numbers of NK cells that are cytotoxic but not exhausted. NK cell differentiation from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has become an alluring option for NK cell therapy, with umbilical cord blood (UCB) and mobilized peripheral blood (PBCD34+) being the most accessible HSC sources as collection procedures are less invasive. In this study we compared the capacity of frozen or freshly isolated UCB hematopoietic stem cells (CBCD34+) and frozen PBCD34+ to generate NK cells in vitro. By modifying a previously published protocol, we showed that frozen CBCD34+ cultures generated higher NK cell numbers without loss of function compared to fresh CBCD34+ cultures. NK cells generated from CBCD34+ and PBCD34+ expressed low levels of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors but high levels of activating receptors and of the myeloid marker CD33. However, blocking studies showed that CD33 expression did not impact on the functions of the generated cells. CBCD34+-NK cells exhibited increased capacity to secrete IFN-γ and kill K562 in vitro and in vivo as compared to PBCD34+-NK cells. Moreover, K562 killing by the generated NK cells could be further enhanced by IL-12 stimulation. Our data indicate that the use of frozen CBCD34+ for the production of NK cells in vitro results in higher cell numbers than PBCD34+, without jeopardizing their functionality, rendering them suitable for NK cell immunotherapy. The results presented here provide an optimal strategy to generate NK cells in vitro for immunotherapy that exhibit enhanced effector function when compared to alternate sources of HSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Luevano
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Domogala
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Blundell
- Centre for Immunodeficiency, Molecular Immunology Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Jackson
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isabela Pedroza-Pacheco
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Derniame
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Escobedo-Cousin
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio Querol
- Programa Concordia Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Thrasher
- Centre for Immunodeficiency, Molecular Immunology Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Madrigal
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aurore Saudemont
- University College London, Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Anthony Nolan Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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21
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Romee R, Leong JW, Fehniger TA. Utilizing cytokines to function-enable human NK cells for the immunotherapy of cancer. SCIENTIFICA 2014; 2014:205796. [PMID: 25054077 PMCID: PMC4099226 DOI: 10.1155/2014/205796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells important for host defense against pathogens and mediate antitumor immunity. Cytokine receptors transduce important signals that regulate proliferation, survival, activation status, and trigger effector functions. Here, we review the roles of major cytokines that regulate human NK cell development, survival, and function, including IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IL-21, and their translation to the clinic as immunotherapy agents. We highlight a recent development in NK cell biology, the identification of innate NK cell memory, and focus on cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells that result from a brief, combined activation with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18. This activation results in long lived NK cells that exhibit enhanced functionality when they encounter a secondary stimulation and provides a new approach to enable NK cells for enhanced responsiveness to infection and cancer. An improved understanding of the cellular and molecular aspects of cytokine-cytokine receptor signals has led to a resurgence of interest in the clinical use of cytokines that sustain and/or activate NK cell antitumor potential. In the future, such strategies will be combined with negative regulatory signal blockade and enhanced recognition to comprehensively enhance NK cells for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Romee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Leong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Todd A. Fehniger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- *Todd A. Fehniger:
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22
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Wang X, Lee DA, Wang Y, Wang L, Yao Y, Lin Z, Cheng J, Zhu S. Membrane-bound interleukin-21 and CD137 ligand induce functional human natural killer cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells through STAT-3 activation. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 172:104-12. [PMID: 23480190 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell adoptive transfer is a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy; however, its development has been hindered by the lack of efficient methods to produce large numbers of functional NK cells. In this study, we engineered the leukaemia cell line K562 to express CD137 ligand (CD137L) and membrane-bound interleukin (mbIL)-21 on the cell surface, and used these cells to expand NK cells from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that purity of the NK cells (CD3(-) CD56(+) /CD16(+) ) increased from less than 30% to above 95% after a 3-week expansion and proliferation of the cells was sustained for more than 8 weeks. The surface expression of NK cell activating and inhibitory receptors, except for NKp80, was clearly increased with the expansion, and NK cell-mediated killing activity was also enhanced significantly. However, these changes in both phenotype and function were clearly reversed by JSI-124, a specific signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) inhibitor. Taken together, data showed that the combination of mbIL-21 and CD137L could efficiently induce the formation of functional human NK cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and STAT-3 inhibition could impair this induction. Therefore, STAT-3 activation may benefit human NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, and provide valuable clinical applications in NK cell immunotherapy against viral infectious diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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Childs RW, Berg M. Bringing natural killer cells to the clinic: ex vivo manipulation. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2013; 2013:234-46. [PMID: 24319186 PMCID: PMC6610030 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2013.1.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a substantial gain in our understanding of the role that natural killer (NK) cells play in mediating innate host immune responses against viruses and cancer. Although NK cells have long been known to be capable of killing cancer cells independently of antigen recognition, the full therapeutic potential of NK cell-based immunotherapy has yet to be realized. Here we review novel methods to activate and expand human NK cells ex vivo for adoptive transfer in humans, focusing on the important phenotypic and functional differences observed among freshly isolated, cytokine activated, and ex vivo-expanded NK populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W. Childs
- Section of Transplantation Immunotherapy, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maria Berg
- Section of Transplantation Immunotherapy, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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