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Dong Y, Tang L. Microglial Calcium Homeostasis Modulator 2: Novel Anti-neuroinflammation Target for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:553-556. [PMID: 37995055 PMCID: PMC11003923 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dong
- Neuropsychiatry Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - Li Tang
- Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology, Qingdao, 266000, China
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2
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Filadi R, Greotti E. The yin and yang of mitochondrial Ca 2+ signaling in cell physiology and pathology. Cell Calcium 2020; 93:102321. [PMID: 33310302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are autonomous and dynamic cellular organelles orchestrating a diverse range of cellular activities. Numerous cell-signaling pathways target these organelles and Ca2+ is one of the most significant. Mitochondria are able to rapidly and transiently take up Ca2+, thanks to the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex, as well as to extrude it through the Na+/Ca2+ and H+/Ca2+ exchangers. The transient accumulation of Ca2+ in the mitochondrial matrix impacts on mitochondrial functions and cell pathophysiology. Here we summarize the role of mitochondrial Ca2+ signaling in both physiological (yang) and pathological (yin) processes and the methods that can be used to investigate mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. As an example of the pivotal role of mitochondria in pathology, we described the state of the art of mitochondrial Ca2+ alterations in different pathological conditions, with a special focus on Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Filadi
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| | - Elisa Greotti
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padua, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padua, Italy.
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3
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Calvo-Rodriguez M, Bacskai BJ. Mitochondria and Calcium in Alzheimer's Disease: From Cell Signaling to Neuronal Cell Death. Trends Neurosci 2020; 44:136-151. [PMID: 33160650 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of almost all neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Historically, a primary focus in this context has been the link between mitochondrial dynamics and amyloid β toxicity. Recent evidence suggests that dysregulation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis is also related to tau and other risk factors in AD, although an ongoing challenge in the field is that data collected from different models or experimental settings have not always been consistent. We examine recent literature on mitochondrial dysregulation in AD, with special emphasis on mitochondrial calcium. We include data from in vitro systems, genetic animal models, and AD-derived human tissue, and discuss whether mitochondrial calcium transporters should be proposed as therapeutic candidates for the development of neuroprotective drugs against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Calvo-Rodriguez
- Alzheimer Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Brian J Bacskai
- Alzheimer Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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4
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Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Thomas C, Ristow M. Interrelation between ROS and Ca 2+ in aging and age-related diseases. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101678. [PMID: 32810740 PMCID: PMC7451758 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are versatile signaling molecules coordinating physiological and pathophysiological processes. While channels and pumps shuttle Ca2+ ions between extracellular space, cytosol and cellular compartments, short-lived and highly reactive ROS are constantly generated by various production sites within the cell. Ca2+ controls membrane potential, modulates mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and affects proteins like calcineurin (CaN) or calmodulin (CaM), which, in turn, have a wide area of action. Overwhelming Ca2+ levels within mitochondria efficiently induce and trigger cell death. In contrast, ROS comprise a diverse group of relatively unstable molecules with an odd number of electrons that abstract electrons from other molecules to gain stability. Depending on the type and produced amount, ROS act either as signaling molecules by affecting target proteins or as harmful oxidative stressors by damaging cellular components. Due to their wide range of actions, it is little wonder that Ca2+ and ROS signaling pathways overlap and impact one another. Growing evidence suggests a crucial implication of this mutual interplay on the development and enhancement of age-related disorders, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases as well as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland; Holder of an Erwin Schroedinger Abroad Fellowship, Austrian Science Fund (FWF), Austria.
| | - Carolin Thomas
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Ristow
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
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5
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Molecular and Pharmacological Modulation of CALHM1 Promote Neuroprotection against Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation in a Model of Hippocampal Slices. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030664. [PMID: 32182953 PMCID: PMC7140682 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) is a calcium channel involved in the regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels. From a physiological point of view, the open state of CALHM1 depends not only on voltage but also on the extracellular concentration of calcium ([Ca2+]) ions. At low [Ca2+]e or depolarization, the channel is opened, allowing Ca2+ influx; however, high extracellular [Ca2+]e or hyperpolarization promote its resting state. The unique Ca2+ permeation of CALHM1 relates to the molecular events that take place in brain ischemia, such as depolarization and extracellular changes in [Ca2+]e, particularly during the reperfusion phase after the ischemic insult. In this study, we attempted to understand its role in an in vitro model of ischemia, namely oxygen and glucose deprivation, followed by reoxygenation (OGD/Reox). To this end, hippocampal slices from wild-type Calhm1+/+, Calhm1+/−, and Calhm1−/− mice were subjected to OGD/Reox. Our results point out to a neuroprotective effect when CALHM1 is partially or totally absent. Pharmacological manipulation of CALHM1 with CGP37157 reduced cell death in Calhm1+/+ slices but not in that of Calhm1−/− mice after exposure to the OGD/Reox protocol. This ionic protection was also verified by measuring reactive oxygen species production upon OGD/Reox in Calhm1+/+ and Calhm1−/− mice, resulting in a downregulation of ROS production in Calhm1−/− hippocampal slices and increased expression of HIF-1α. Taken together, we can conclude that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of CALHM1 results in a neuroprotective effect against ischemia, due to an attenuation of the neuronal calcium overload and downregulation of oxygen reactive species production.
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6
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Choi W, Clemente N, Sun W, Du J, Lü W. The structures and gating mechanism of human calcium homeostasis modulator 2. Nature 2019; 576:163-167. [PMID: 31776515 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1781-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium homeostasis modulators (CALHMs) are voltage-gated, Ca2+-inhibited nonselective ion channels that act as major ATP release channels, and have important roles in gustatory signalling and neuronal toxicity1-3. Dysfunction of CALHMs has previously been linked to neurological disorders1. Here we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human CALHM2 channel in the Ca2+-free active or open state and in the ruthenium red (RUR)-bound inhibited state, at resolutions up to 2.7 Å. Our work shows that purified CALHM2 channels form both gap junctions and undecameric hemichannels. The protomer shows a mirrored arrangement of the transmembrane domains (helices S1-S4) relative to other channels with a similar topology, such as connexins, innexins and volume-regulated anion channels4-8. Upon binding to RUR, we observed a contracted pore with notable conformational changes of the pore-lining helix S1, which swings nearly 60° towards the pore axis from a vertical to a lifted position. We propose a two-section gating mechanism in which the S1 helix coarsely adjusts, and the N-terminal helix fine-tunes, the pore size. We identified a RUR-binding site near helix S1 that may stabilize this helix in the lifted conformation, giving rise to channel inhibition. Our work elaborates on the principles of CALHM2 channel architecture and symmetry, and the mechanism that underlies channel inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weinan Sun
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Juan Du
- Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
| | - Wei Lü
- Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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7
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Iyappan A, Younesi E, Redolfi A, Vrooman H, Khanna S, Frisoni GB, Hofmann-Apitius M. Neuroimaging Feature Terminology: A Controlled Terminology for the Annotation of Brain Imaging Features. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 59:1153-1169. [PMID: 28731430 PMCID: PMC5611802 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ontologies and terminologies are used for interoperability of knowledge and data in a standard manner among interdisciplinary research groups. Existing imaging ontologies capture general aspects of the imaging domain as a whole such as methodological concepts or calibrations of imaging instruments. However, none of the existing ontologies covers the diagnostic features measured by imaging technologies in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, the Neuro-Imaging Feature Terminology (NIFT) was developed to organize the knowledge domain of measured brain features in association with neurodegenerative diseases by imaging technologies. The purpose is to identify quantitative imaging biomarkers that can be extracted from multi-modal brain imaging data. This terminology attempts to cover measured features and parameters in brain scans relevant to disease progression. In this paper, we demonstrate the systematic retrieval of measured indices from literature and how the extracted knowledge can be further used for disease modeling that integrates neuroimaging features with molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandhi Iyappan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany.,Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erfan Younesi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany
| | - Alberto Redolfi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Neuroimaging, IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Henri Vrooman
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Biomedical Imaging Group Rotterdam, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Shashank Khanna
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany.,Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Giovanni B Frisoni
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Neuroimaging, IRCCS San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.,Memory Clinic and Laboratoire de Neuroimagerie du Vieillissement (LANVIE), University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hofmann-Apitius
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), Schloss Birlinghoven, Sankt Augustin, Germany.,Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology, Bonn, Germany
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8
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Vingtdeux V, Chang EH, Frattini SA, Zhao H, Chandakkar P, Adrien L, Strohl JJ, Gibson EL, Ohmoto M, Matsumoto I, Huerta PT, Marambaud P. CALHM1 deficiency impairs cerebral neuron activity and memory flexibility in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24250. [PMID: 27066908 PMCID: PMC4828655 DOI: 10.1038/srep24250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CALHM1 is a cell surface calcium channel expressed in cerebral neurons. CALHM1 function in the brain remains unknown, but recent results showed that neuronal CALHM1 controls intracellular calcium signaling and cell excitability, two mechanisms required for synaptic function. Here, we describe the generation of Calhm1 knockout (Calhm1−/−) mice and investigate CALHM1 role in neuronal and cognitive functions. Structural analysis revealed that Calhm1−/− brains had normal regional and cellular architecture, and showed no evidence of neuronal or synaptic loss, indicating that CALHM1 deficiency does not affect brain development or brain integrity in adulthood. However, Calhm1−/− mice showed a severe impairment in memory flexibility, assessed in the Morris water maze, and a significant disruption of long-term potentiation without alteration of long-term depression, measured in ex vivo hippocampal slices. Importantly, in primary neurons and hippocampal slices, CALHM1 activation facilitated the phosphorylation of NMDA and AMPA receptors by protein kinase A. Furthermore, neuronal CALHM1 activation potentiated the effect of glutamate on the expression of c-Fos and C/EBPβ, two immediate-early gene markers of neuronal activity. Thus, CALHM1 controls synaptic activity in cerebral neurons and is required for the flexible processing of memory in mice. These results shed light on CALHM1 physiology in the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Vingtdeux
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Eric H Chang
- Laboratory of Immune &Neural Networks, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Stephen A Frattini
- Laboratory of Immune &Neural Networks, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Haitian Zhao
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Pallavi Chandakkar
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Leslie Adrien
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Joshua J Strohl
- Laboratory of Immune &Neural Networks, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Gibson
- Laboratory of Immune &Neural Networks, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Makoto Ohmoto
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Patricio T Huerta
- Laboratory of Immune &Neural Networks, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Philippe Marambaud
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
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9
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Moreno‐Ortega AJ, Buendia I, Mouhid L, Egea J, Lucea S, Ruiz‐Nuño A, López MG, Cano‐Abad MF. CALHM1 and its polymorphism P86L differentially control Ca²⁺homeostasis, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, and cell vulnerability upon exposure to amyloid β. Aging Cell 2015; 14:1094-102. [PMID: 26416646 PMCID: PMC4693463 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutated form of the Ca2+ channel CALHM1 (Ca2+ homeostasis modulator 1), P86L‐CALHM1, has been correlated with early onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). P86L‐CALHM1 increases production of amyloid beta (Aβ) upon extracellular Ca2+ removal and its subsequent addback. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the overexpression of CALHM1 and P86L‐CALHM, upon Aβ treatment, on the following: (i) the intracellular Ca2+ signal pathway; (ii) cell survival proteins ERK1/2 and Ca2+/cAMP response element binding (CREB); and (iii) cell vulnerability after treatment with Aβ. Using aequorins to measure the effect of nuclear Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]n) and cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]c) on Ca2+ entry conditions, we observed that baseline [Ca2+]n was higher in CALHM1 and P86L‐CALHM1 cells than in control cells. Moreover, exposure to Aβ affected [Ca2+]c levels in HeLa cells overexpressing CALHM1 and P86L‐CALHM1 compared with control cells. Treatment with Aβ elicited a significant decrease in the cell survival proteins p‐ERK and p‐CREB, an increase in the activity of caspases 3 and 7, and more frequent cell death by inducing early apoptosis in P86L‐CALHM1‐overexpressing cells than in CALHM1 or control cells. These results suggest that in the presence of Aβ, P86L‐CALHM1 shifts the balance between neurodegeneration and neuronal survival toward the stimulation of pro‐cytotoxic pathways, thus potentially contributing to its deleterious effects in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana José Moreno‐Ortega
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Madrid Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Izaskun Buendia
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Lamia Mouhid
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Madrid Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Susana Lucea
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Ana Ruiz‐Nuño
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Madrid Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - Manuela G. López
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Madrid Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
| | - María F. Cano‐Abad
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Madrid Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain
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10
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Moreno-Ortega AJ, Martínez-Sanz FJ, Lajarín-Cuesta R, de Los Rios C, Cano-Abad MF. Benzothiazepine CGP37157 and its 2'-isopropyl analogue modulate Ca²⁺ entry through CALHM1. Neuropharmacology 2015; 95:503-10. [PMID: 25908402 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
CALHM1 is a Ca(2+) channel discovered in 2008, which plays a key role in the neuronal electrical activity, among other functions. However, there are no known efficient blockers able to modulate its Ca(2+) handling ability. We herein describe that benzothiazepine CGP37157 and its newly synthesized analogue ITH12575 reduced Ca(2+) influx through CALHM1 at low micromolar concentrations. These results could serve as a starting point for the development of more selective CALHM1 ligands using CGP37157 as a hit compound, which would help to study the physiological role of CALHM1 in the control of [Ca(2+)]cyt in excitable cells, as well as its implication in CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana J Moreno-Ortega
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/ Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Martínez-Sanz
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Lajarín-Cuesta
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristóbal de Los Rios
- Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/ Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - María F Cano-Abad
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/ Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Salas D, Puebla C, Lampe PD, Lavandero S, Sáez JC. Role of Akt and Ca2+ on cell permeabilization via connexin43 hemichannels induced by metabolic inhibition. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1268-77. [PMID: 25779082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Connexin hemichannels are regulated under physiological and pathological conditions. Metabolic inhibition, a model of ischemia, promotes surface hemichannel activation associated, in part, with increased surface hemichannel levels, but little is known about its underlying mechanism. Here, we investigated the role of Akt on the connexin43 hemichannel's response induced by metabolic inhibition. In HeLa cells stably transfected with rat connexin43 fused to EGFP (HeLa43 cells), metabolic inhibition induced a transient Akt activation necessary to increase the amount of surface connexin43. The increase in levels of surface connexin43 was also found to depend on an intracellular Ca2+ signal increase that was partially mediated by Akt activation. However, the metabolic inhibition-induced Akt activation was not significantly affected by intracellular Ca2+ chelation. The Akt-dependent increase in connexin43 hemichannel activity in HeLa43 cells also occurred after oxygen-glucose deprivation, another ischemia-like condition, and in cultured cortical astrocytes (endogenous connexin43 expression system) under metabolic inhibition. Since opening of hemichannels has been shown to accelerate cell death, inhibition of Akt-dependent phosphorylation of connexin43 hemichannels could reduce cell death induced by ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Salas
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS) & Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Célula (CMEC), Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carlos Puebla
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul D Lampe
- Translational Research Program, Human Biology and Public Health Sciences Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDIS) & Centro Estudios Moleculares de la Célula (CMEC), Facultad Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas & Facultad Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Instituto Milenio, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
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12
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Vingtdeux V, Tanis JE, Chandakkar P, Zhao H, Dreses-Werringloer U, Campagne F, Foskett JK, Marambaud P. Effect of the CALHM1 G330D and R154H human variants on the control of cytosolic Ca2+ and Aβ levels. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112484. [PMID: 25386646 PMCID: PMC4227689 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
CALHM1 is a plasma membrane voltage-gated Ca2+-permeable ion channel that controls amyloid-β (Aβ) metabolism and is potentially involved in the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, Rubio-Moscardo et al. (PLoS One (2013) 8: e74203) reported the identification of two CALHM1 variants, G330D and R154H, in early-onset AD (EOAD) patients. The authors provided evidence that these two human variants were rare and resulted in a complete loss of CALHM1 function. Recent publicly available large-scale exome sequencing data confirmed that R154H is a rare CALHM1 variant (minor allele frequency (MAF) = 0.015%), but that G330D is not (MAF = 3.5% in an African American cohort). Here, we show that both CALHM1 variants exhibited gating and permeation properties indistinguishable from wild-type CALHM1 when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. While there was also no effect of the G330D mutation on Ca2+ uptake by CALHM1 in transfected mammalian cells, the R154H mutation was associated with defects in the control by CALHM1 of both Ca2+ uptake and Aβ levels in this cell system. Together, our data show that the frequent CALHM1 G330D variant has no obvious functional consequences and is therefore unlikely to contribute to EOAD. Our data also demonstrate that the rare R154H variant interferes with CALHM1 control of cytosolic Ca2+ and Aβ accumulation. While these results strengthen the notion that CALHM1 influences Aβ metabolism, further investigation will be required to determine whether CALHM1 R154H, or other natural variants in CALHM1, is/are associated with EOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Vingtdeux
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States of America
| | - Jessica E. Tanis
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Pallavi Chandakkar
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States of America
| | - Haitian Zhao
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States of America
| | - Ute Dreses-Werringloer
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States of America
| | - Fabien Campagne
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, The Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - J. Kevin Foskett
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Philippe Marambaud
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Rubio-Moscardo F, Setó-Salvia N, Pera M, Bosch-Morató M, Plata C, Belbin O, Gené G, Dols-Icardo O, Ingelsson M, Helisalmi S, Soininen H, Hiltunen M, Giedraitis V, Lannfelt L, Frank A, Bullido M, Combarros O, Sánchez-Juan P, Boada M, Tárraga L, Pastor P, Pérez-Tur J, Baquero M, Molinuevo JL, Sánchez-Valle R, Fuentes-Prior P, Fortea J, Blesa R, Muñoz FJ, Lleó A, Valverde MA, Clarimón J. Rare variants in calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) found in early onset Alzheimer's disease patients alter calcium homeostasis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74203. [PMID: 24069280 PMCID: PMC3775809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling in the brain is fundamental to the learning and memory process and there is evidence to suggest that its dysfunction is involved in the pathological pathways underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, the calcium hypothesis of AD has received support with the identification of the non-selective Ca2+-permeable channel CALHM1. A genetic polymorphism (p. P86L) in CALHM1 reduces plasma membrane Ca2+ permeability and is associated with an earlier age-at-onset of AD. To investigate the role of CALHM1 variants in early-onset AD (EOAD), we sequenced all CALHM1 coding regions in three independent series comprising 284 EOAD patients and 326 controls. Two missense mutations in patients (p.G330D and p.R154H) and one (p.A213T) in a control individual were identified. Calcium imaging analyses revealed that while the mutation found in a control (p.A213T) behaved as wild-type CALHM1 (CALHM1-WT), a complete abolishment of the Ca2+ influx was associated with the mutations found in EOAD patients (p.G330D and p.R154H). Notably, the previously reported p. P86L mutation was associated with an intermediate Ca2+ influx between the CALHM1-WT and the p.G330D and p.R154H mutations. Since neither expression of wild-type nor mutant CALHM1 affected amyloid ß-peptide (Aß) production or Aß-mediated cellular toxicity, we conclude that rare genetic variants in CALHM1 lead to Ca2+ dysregulation and may contribute to the risk of EOAD through a mechanism independent from the classical Aß cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Rubio-Moscardo
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Setó-Salvia
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pera
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Bosch-Morató
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Plata
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivia Belbin
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Gené
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Dols-Icardo
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health, Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and the Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and the Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, University of Eastern Finland and the Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health, Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health, Geriatrics, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ana Frank
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Sanitary Research “Hospital la Paz” (IdIPaz), Madrid, Spain
| | - MªJesús Bullido
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Sanitary Research “Hospital la Paz” (IdIPaz), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Onofre Combarros
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Tárraga
- Alzheimer Research Center and Memory Clinic, Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Pastor
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neurociences, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) University of Navarra Medical School, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de Valencia-CSIC, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miquel Baquero
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario “La Fe”, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Pablo Fuentes-Prior
- Molecular Basis of Diseases Unit, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant, Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Valverde
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (JC); (MAV)
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau (Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBERNED, Center for Networked Biomedical Research into Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (JC); (MAV)
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Dreses-Werringloer U, Vingtdeux V, Zhao H, Chandakkar P, Davies P, Marambaud P. CALHM1 controls the Ca²⁺-dependent MEK, ERK, RSK and MSK signaling cascade in neurons. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:1199-206. [PMID: 23345406 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.117135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) is a Ca(2+) channel controlling neuronal excitability and potentially involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although strong evidence indicates that CALHM1 is required for neuronal electrical activity, its role in intracellular Ca(2+) signaling remains unknown. In the present study, we show that in hippocampal HT-22 cells, CALHM1 expression led to a robust and relatively selective activation of the Ca(2+)-sensing kinases ERK1/2. CALHM1 also triggered activation of MEK1/2, the upstream ERK1/2-activating kinases, and of RSK1/2/3 and MSK1, two downstream effectors of ERK1/2 signaling. CALHM1-mediated activation of ERK1/2 signaling was controlled by the small GTPase Ras. Pharmacological inhibition of CALHM1 permeability using Ruthenium Red, Zn(2+), and Gd(3+), or expression of the CALHM1 N140A and W114A mutants, which are deficient in mediating Ca(2+) influx, prevented the effect of CALHM1 on the MEK, ERK, RSK and MSK signaling cascade, demonstrating that CALHM1 controlled this pathway via its channel properties. Importantly, expression of CALHM1 bearing the natural P86L polymorphism, which leads to a partial loss of CALHM1 function and is associated with an earlier age at onset in AD patients, showed reduced activation of ERK1/2, RSK1/2/3, and MSK1. In line with these results obtained in transfected cells, primary cerebral neurons isolated from Calhm1 knockout mice showed significant impairments in the activation of MEK, ERK, RSK and MSK signaling. The present study identifies a previously uncharacterized mechanism of control of Ca(2+)-dependent ERK1/2 signaling in neurons, and further establishes CALHM1 as a critical ion channel for neuronal signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Dreses-Werringloer
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
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15
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Siebert AP, Ma Z, Grevet JD, Demuro A, Parker I, Foskett JK. Structural and functional similarities of calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) ion channel with connexins, pannexins, and innexins. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:6140-53. [PMID: 23300080 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.409789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CALHM1 (calcium homeostasis modulator 1) forms a plasma membrane ion channel that mediates neuronal excitability in response to changes in extracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Six human CALHM homologs exist with no homology to other proteins, although CALHM1 is conserved across >20 species. Here we demonstrate that CALHM1 shares functional and quaternary and secondary structural similarities with connexins and evolutionarily distinct innexins and their vertebrate pannexin homologs. A CALHM1 channel is a hexamer, comprised of six monomers, each of which possesses four transmembrane domains, cytoplasmic amino and carboxyl termini, an amino-terminal helix, and conserved extracellular cysteines. The estimated pore diameter of the CALHM1 channel is ∼14 Å, enabling permeation of large charged molecules. Thus, CALHMs, connexins, and pannexins and innexins are structurally related protein families with shared and distinct functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Siebert
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6085, USA
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16
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Fernández-Morales JC, Arranz-Tagarro JA, Calvo-Gallardo E, Maroto M, Padín JF, García AG. Stabilizers of neuronal and mitochondrial calcium cycling as a strategy for developing a medicine for Alzheimer's disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2012; 3:873-83. [PMID: 23173068 DOI: 10.1021/cn3001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last two decades, most efforts on new drug development to treat Alzheimer's disease have been focused to inhibit the synthesis of amyloid beta (Aβ), to prevent Aβ deposition, or to clear up Aβ plaques from the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Other pathogenic mechanisms such as the hyperphosphorylation of the microtubular tau protein (that forms neurofibrillary tangles) have also been addressed as, for instance, with inhibitors of the enzyme glycogen synthase-3 kinase beta (GSK3β). However, in spite of their proven efficacy in animal models of AD, all these compounds have so far failed in clinical trials done in AD patients. It seems therefore desirable to explore new concepts and strategies in the field of drug development for AD. We analyze here our hypothesis that a trifunctional chemical entity acting on the L subtype of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (VDCCs) and on the mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (MNCX), and having additional antioxidant properties, may efficiently delay or stop the death of vulnerable neurons in the brain of AD patients. In recent years, evidence has accumulated indicating that enhanced neuronal Ca(2+) cycling (NCC) and futile mitochondrial Ca(2+) cycling (MCC) are central stage in activating calpain and calcineurin, as well as the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway for apoptosis, leading to death of vulnerable neurons. An additional contributing factor to neuronal death is the excess free radical production linked to distortion of Ca(2+) homeostasis. We propose that an hybrid compound containing a dihydropyridine moiety (to block L channels and mitigate Ca(2+) entry) and a benzothiazepine moiety (to block the MNCX and slow down the rate of Ca(2+) efflux from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol), as well as a polyphenol moiety (to sequester excess free radicals) could break down the pathological enhanced NCC and MCC, thus delaying the initiation of apoptosis and the death of vulnerable neurons. In so doing, such a trifunctional compound could eventually become a neuroprotective medicine capable of delaying disease progression in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan-Alberto Arranz-Tagarro
- Departamento de Farmacología,
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Antonio G. García
- Servicio de Farmacología
Clínica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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17
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González-Lafuente L, Egea J, León R, Martínez-Sanz FJ, Monjas L, Perez C, Merino C, García-De Diego AM, Rodríguez-Franco MI, García AG, Villarroya M, López MG, de los Ríos C. Benzothiazepine CGP37157 and its isosteric 2'-methyl analogue provide neuroprotection and block cell calcium entry. ACS Chem Neurosci 2012; 3:519-29. [PMID: 22860221 DOI: 10.1021/cn300009e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzothiazepine CGP37157 is widely used as tool to explore the role of mitochondria in cell Ca(2+) handling, by its blocking effect of the mitochondria Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger. Recently, CGP37157 has shown to exhibit neuroprotective properties. In the trend to improve its neuroprotection profile, we have synthesized ITH12505, an isosteric analogue having a methyl instead of chlorine at C2' of the phenyl ring. ITH12505 has exerted neuroprotective properties similar to CGP37157 in chromaffin cells and hippocampal slices stressed with veratridine. Also, both compounds afforded neuroprotection in hippocampal slices stressed with glutamate. However, while ITH12505 elicited protection in SH-SY5Y cells stressed with oligomycin A/rotenone, CGP37157 was ineffective. In hippocampal slices subjected to oxygen/glucose deprivation plus reoxygenation, ITH12505 offered protection at 3-30 μM, while CGP37157 only protected at 30 μM. Both compounds caused blockade of Ca(2+) channels in high K(+)-depolarized SH-SY5Y cells. An in vitro experiment for assaying central nervous system penetration (PAMPA-BBB; parallel artificial membrane permeability assay for blood-brain barrier) revealed that both compounds could cross the blood-brain barrier, thus reaching their biological targets in the central nervous system. In conclusion, by causing a mild isosteric replacement in the benzothiazepine CGP37157, we have obtained ITH12505, with improved neuroprotective properties. These findings may inspire the design and synthesis of new benzothiazepines targeting mitochondrial Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger and L-type voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels, having antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura González-Lafuente
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael León
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Martínez-Sanz
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Monjas
- Instituto de Química Médica
(IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Perez
- Instituto de Química Médica
(IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Merino
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio M. García-De Diego
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María I. Rodríguez-Franco
- Instituto de Química Médica
(IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio G. García
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Villarroya
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G. López
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Universitario La Paz-IDIPaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristóbal de los Ríos
- Instituto de Investigación
Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, C/Diego de León,
62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando
and Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad
de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) is the pore-forming subunit of an ion channel that mediates extracellular Ca2+ regulation of neuronal excitability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:E1963-71. [PMID: 22711817 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1204023109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular Ca(2+) (Ca(2+)(o)) plays important roles in physiology. Changes of Ca(2+)(o) concentration ([Ca(2+)](o)) have been observed to modulate neuronal excitability in various physiological and pathophysiological settings, but the mechanisms by which neurons detect [Ca(2+)](o) are not fully understood. Calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) expression was shown to induce cation currents in cells and elevate cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in response to removal of Ca(2+)(o) and its subsequent addback. However, it is unknown whether CALHM1 is a pore-forming ion channel or modulates endogenous ion channels. Here we identify CALHM1 as the pore-forming subunit of a plasma membrane Ca(2+)-permeable ion channel with distinct ion permeability properties and unique coupled allosteric gating regulation by voltage and [Ca(2+)](o). Furthermore, we show that CALHM1 is expressed in mouse cortical neurons that respond to reducing [Ca(2+)](o) with enhanced conductance and action potential firing and strongly elevated [Ca(2+)](i) upon Ca(2+)(o) removal and its addback. In contrast, these responses are strongly muted in neurons from mice with CALHM1 genetically deleted. These results demonstrate that CALHM1 is an evolutionarily conserved ion channel family that detects membrane voltage and extracellular Ca(2+) levels and plays a role in cortical neuronal excitability and Ca(2+) homeostasis, particularly in response to lowering [Ca(2+)](o) and its restoration to normal levels.
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19
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Cytosolic organelles shape calcium signals and exo–endocytotic responses of chromaffin cells. Cell Calcium 2012; 51:309-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Lambert JC, Sleegers K, González-Pérez A, Ingelsson M, Beecham GW, Hiltunen M, Combarros O, Bullido MJ, Brouwers N, Bettens K, Berr C, Pasquier F, Richard F, Dekosky ST, Hannequin D, Haines JL, Tognoni G, Fiévet N, Dartigues JF, Tzourio C, Engelborghs S, Arosio B, Coto E, De Deyn P, Del Zompo M, Mateo I, Boada M, Antunez C, Lopez-Arrieta J, Epelbaum J, Schjeide BMM, Frank-Garcia A, Giedraitis V, Helisalmi S, Porcellini E, Pilotto A, Forti P, Ferri R, Delepine M, Zelenika D, Lathrop M, Scarpini E, Siciliano G, Solfrizzi V, Sorbi S, Spalletta G, Ravaglia G, Valdivieso F, Vepsäläinen S, Alvarez V, Bosco P, Mancuso M, Panza F, Nacmias B, Bossù P, Hanon O, Piccardi P, Annoni G, Mann D, Marambaud P, Seripa D, Galimberti D, Tanzi RE, Bertram L, Lendon C, Lannfelt L, Licastro F, Campion D, Pericak-Vance MA, Soininen H, Van Broeckhoven C, Alpérovitch A, Ruiz A, Kamboh MI, Amouyel P. The CALHM1 P86L polymorphism is a genetic modifier of age at onset in Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis study. J Alzheimers Dis 2011; 22:247-55. [PMID: 20847397 DOI: 10.3233/jad-2010-100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The only established genetic determinant of non-Mendelian forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE). Recently, it has been reported that the P86L polymorphism of the calcium homeostasis modulator 1 gene (CALHM1) is associated with the risk of developing AD. In order to independently assess this association, we performed a meta-analysis of 7,873 AD cases and 13,274 controls of Caucasian origin (from a total of 24 centers in Belgium, Finland, France, Italy, Spain, Sweden, the UK, and the USA). Our results indicate that the CALHM1 P86L polymorphism is likely not a genetic determinant of AD but may modulate age of onset by interacting with the effect of the ε4 allele of the APOE gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Charles Lambert
- Unité INSERM 744, Institut Pasteur de Lille BP 245,1, rue du professeur Calmette, F59019Lille cedex, France.
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21
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Calcium homoeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) reduces the calcium content of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and triggers ER stress. Biochem J 2011; 437:469-75. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20110479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
CALHM1 (calcium homoeostasis modulator 1), a membrane protein with similarity to NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor channels that localizes in the plasma membrane and the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) of neurons, has been shown to generate a plasma-membrane Ca2+ conductance and has been proposed to influence Alzheimer's disease risk. In the present study we have investigated the effects of CALHM1 on intracellular Ca2+ handling in HEK-293T [HEK (human embryonic kidney)-293 cells expressing the large T-antigen of SV40 (simian virus 40)] cells by using targeted aequorins for selective monitorization of Ca2+ transport by organelles. We find that CALHM1 increases Ca2+ leak from the ER and, more importantly, reduces ER Ca2+ uptake by decreasing both the transport capacity and the Ca2+ affinity of SERCA (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase). As a result, the Ca2+ content of the ER is drastically decreased. This reduction in the Ca2+ content of the ER triggered the UPR (unfolded protein response) with induction of several ER stress markers, such as CHOP [C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein)-homologous protein], ERdj4, GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein of 78 kDa) and XBP1 (X-box-binding protein 1). Thus CALHM1 might provide a relevant link between Ca2+ homoeostasis disruption, ER stress and cell damage in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases
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Koppel J, Campagne F, Vingtdeux V, Dreses-Werringloer U, Ewers M, Rujescu D, Hampel H, Gordon ML, Christen E, Chapuis J, Greenwald BS, Davies P, Marambaud P. CALHM1 P86L polymorphism modulates CSF Aβ levels in cognitively healthy individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Med 2011; 17:974-9. [PMID: 21629967 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2011.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcium homeostasis modulator 1 (CALHM1) gene codes for a novel cerebral calcium channel controlling intracellular calcium homeostasis and amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide metabolism, a key event in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The P86L polymorphism in CALHM1 (rs2986017) initially was proposed to impair CALHM1 functionally and to lead to an increase in Aβ accumulation in vitro in cell lines. Recently, it was reported that CALHM1 P86L also may influence Aβ metabolism in vivo by increasing Aβ levels in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Although the role of CALHM1 in AD risk remains uncertain, concordant data have now emerged showing that CALHM1 P86L is associated with an earlier age at onset of AD. Here, we have analyzed the association of CALHM1 P86L with CSF Aβ in samples from 203 AD cases and 46 young cognitively healthy individuals with a positive family history of AD. We failed to detect an association between the CALHM1 polymorphism and CSF Aβ levels in AD patients. Our data, however, revealed a significant association of CALHM1 P86L with elevated CSF Aβ42 and Aβ40 in the normal cohort at risk for AD. This work shows that CALHM1 modulates CSF Aβ levels in presymptomatic individuals, strengthening the notion that CALHM1 is involved in AD pathogenesis. These data further demonstrate the utility of endophenotype-based approaches focusing on CSF biomarkers for the identification or validation of risk factors for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Koppel
- Litwin-Zucker Research Center for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
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Hung CHL, Ho YS, Chang RCC. Modulation of mitochondrial calcium as a pharmacological target for Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2010; 9:447-56. [PMID: 20553970 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Perturbed neuronal calcium homeostasis is a prominent feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mitochondria accumulate calcium ions (Ca(2+)) for cellular bioenergetic metabolism and suppression of mitochondrial motility within the cell. Excessive Ca(2+) uptake into mitochondria often leads to mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and induction of apoptosis. Ca(2+) is an interesting second messenger which can initiate both cellular life and death pathways in mitochondria. This review critically discusses the potential of manipulating mitochondrial Ca(2+) concentrations as a novel therapeutic opportunity for treating AD. This review also highlights the neuroprotective role of a number of currently available agents that modulate different mitochondrial Ca(2+) transport pathways. It is reasoned that these mitochondrial Ca(2+) modulators are most effective in combination with agents that increase the Ca(2+) buffering capacity of mitochondria. Modulation of mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling is a potential pharmacological target for future development of AD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Hiu-Ling Hung
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Anatomy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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