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Hoogstraten CA, Schirris TJJ, Russel FGM. Unlocking mitochondrial drug targets: The importance of mitochondrial transport proteins. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14150. [PMID: 38666512 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A disturbed mitochondrial function contributes to the pathology of many common diseases. These organelles are therefore important therapeutic targets. On the contrary, many adverse effects of drugs can be explained by a mitochondrial off-target effect, in particular, due to an interaction with carrier proteins in the inner membrane. Yet this class of transport proteins remains underappreciated and understudied. The aim of this review is to provide a deeper understanding of the role of mitochondrial carriers in health and disease and their significance as drug targets. We present literature-based evidence that mitochondrial carrier proteins are associated with prevalent diseases and emphasize their potential as drug (off-)target sites by summarizing known mitochondrial drug-transporter interactions. Studying these carriers will enhance our knowledge of mitochondrial drug on- and off-targets and provide opportunities to further improve the efficacy and safety of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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2
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Insights into the Function of Aquaporins in Gastrointestinal Fluid Absorption and Secretion in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2170. [PMID: 37681902 PMCID: PMC10486417 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane proteins permeable to water, are involved in gastrointestinal secretion. The secretory products of the glands are delivered either to some organ cavities for exocrine glands or to the bloodstream for endocrine glands. The main secretory glands being part of the gastrointestinal system are salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal Brunner's gland, liver, bile ducts, gallbladder, intestinal goblet cells, exocrine and endocrine pancreas. Due to their expression in gastrointestinal exocrine and endocrine glands, AQPs fulfill important roles in the secretion of various fluids involved in food handling. This review summarizes the contribution of AQPs in physiological and pathophysiological stages related to gastrointestinal secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Capiglioni AM, Capitani MC, Marrone J, Marinelli RA. Adenoviral Transfer of Human Aquaporin-8 Gene to Mouse Liver Improves Ammonia-Derived Ureagenesis. Cells 2023; 12:1535. [PMID: 37296655 PMCID: PMC10253139 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that, in cultured hepatocytes, mitochondrial aquaporin-8 (AQP8) channels facilitate the conversion of ammonia to urea and that the expression of human AQP8 (hAQP8) enhances ammonia-derived ureagenesis. In this study, we evaluated whether hepatic gene transfer of hAQP8 improves detoxification of ammonia to urea in normal mice as well as in mice with impaired hepatocyte ammonia metabolism. A recombinant adenoviral (Ad) vector encoding hAQP8, AdhAQP8, or a control Ad vector was administered via retrograde infusion into the bile duct of the mice. Hepatocyte mitochondrial expression of hAQP8 was confirmed using confocal immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. The normal hAQP8-transduced mice showed decreased plasma ammonia and increased liver urea. Enhanced ureagenesis was confirmed via the NMR studies assessing the synthesis of 15N-labeled urea from 15N-labeled ammonia. In separate experiments, we made use of the model hepatotoxic agent, thioacetamide, to induce defective hepatic metabolism of ammonia in mice. The adenovirus-mediated mitochondrial expression of hAQP8 was able to restore normal ammonemia and ureagenesis in the liver of the mice. Our data suggest that hAQP8 gene transfer to mouse liver improves detoxification of ammonia to urea. This finding could help better understand and treat disorders with defective hepatic ammonia metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Raúl A. Marinelli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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4
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Targeting mitochondrial impairment for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases: From hypertension to ischemia-reperfusion injury, searching for new pharmacological targets. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115405. [PMID: 36603686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria and mitochondrial proteins represent a group of promising pharmacological target candidates in the search of new molecular targets and drugs to counteract the onset of hypertension and more in general cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Indeed, several mitochondrial pathways result impaired in CVDs, showing ATP depletion and ROS production as common traits of cardiac tissue degeneration. Thus, targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes can represent a successful strategy to prevent heart failure. In this context, the identification of new pharmacological targets among mitochondrial proteins paves the way for the design of new selective drugs. Thanks to the advances in omics approaches, to a greater availability of mitochondrial crystallized protein structures and to the development of new computational approaches for protein 3D-modelling and drug design, it is now possible to investigate in detail impaired mitochondrial pathways in CVDs. Furthermore, it is possible to design new powerful drugs able to hit the selected pharmacological targets in a highly selective way to rescue mitochondrial dysfunction and prevent cardiac tissue degeneration. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the onset of CVDs appears increasingly evident, as reflected by the impairment of proteins involved in lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dynamics, respiratory chain complexes, and membrane polarization maintenance in CVD patients. Conversely, little is known about proteins responsible for the cross-talk between mitochondria and cytoplasm in cardiomyocytes. Mitochondrial transporters of the SLC25A family, in particular, are responsible for the translocation of nucleotides (e.g., ATP), amino acids (e.g., aspartate, glutamate, ornithine), organic acids (e.g. malate and 2-oxoglutarate), and other cofactors (e.g., inorganic phosphate, NAD+, FAD, carnitine, CoA derivatives) between the mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments. Thus, mitochondrial transporters play a key role in the mitochondria-cytosol cross-talk by leading metabolic pathways such as the malate/aspartate shuttle, the carnitine shuttle, the ATP export from mitochondria, and the regulation of permeability transition pore opening. Since all these pathways are crucial for maintaining healthy cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial carriers emerge as an interesting class of new possible pharmacological targets for CVD treatments.
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5
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Aquaporins Display a Diversity in their Substrates. J Membr Biol 2023; 256:1-23. [PMID: 35986775 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-022-00257-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins constitute a family of transmembrane proteins that function to transport water and other small solutes across the cell membrane. Aquaporins family members are found in diverse life forms. Aquaporins share the common structural fold consisting of six transmembrane alpha helices with a central water-transporting channel. Four such monomers assemble together to form tetramers as their biological unit. Initially, aquaporins were discovered as water-transporting channels, but several studies supported their involvement in mediating the facilitated diffusion of different solutes. The so-called water channel is able to transport a variety of substrates ranging from a neutral molecule to a charged molecule or a small molecule to a bulky molecule or even a gas molecule. This article gives an overview of a diverse range of substrates conducted by aquaporin family members. Prime focus is on human aquaporins where aquaporins show a wide tissue distribution and substrate specificity leading to various physiological functions. This review also highlights the structural mechanisms leading to the transport of water and glycerol. More research is needed to understand how one common fold enables the aquaporins to transport an array of solutes.
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Qiu Z, Jiang T, Li Y, Wang W, Yang B. Aquaporins in Urinary System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:155-177. [PMID: 36717493 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
There are at least eight aquaporins (AQPs) expressed in the kidney. Including AQP1 expressed in proximal tubules, thin descending limb of Henle and vasa recta; AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, and AQP6 expressed in collecting ducts; AQP7 expressed in proximal tubules; AQP8 expressed in proximal tubules and collecting ducts; and AQP11 expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum of proximal tubular epithelial cells. Over years, researchers have constructed different AQP knockout mice and explored the effect of AQP knockout on kidney function. Thus, the roles of AQPs in renal physiology are revealed, providing very useful information for addressing fundamental questions about transepithelial water transport and the mechanism of near isoosmolar fluid reabsorption. This chapter introduces the localization and function of AQPs in the kidney and their roles in different kidney diseases to reveal the prospects of AQPs in further basic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiling Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Aquaporins in Glandular Secretion. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:225-249. [PMID: 36717498 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Exocrine and endocrine glands deliver their secretory product, respectively, at the surface of the target organs or within the bloodstream. The release of their products has been shown to rely on secretory mechanisms often involving aquaporins (AQPs). This chapter will provide insight into the role of AQPs in secretory glands located within the gastrointestinal tract, including salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal Brunner's glands, liver, gallbladder, intestinal goblets cells, and pancreas, as well and in other parts of the body, including airway submucosal glands, lacrimal glands, mammary glands, and eccrine sweat glands. The involvement of AQPs in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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8
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Xu L, Guo X, Wang W, Li C. Classification and Gene Structure of Aquaporins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:1-13. [PMID: 36717483 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of membrane water channels that basically function as regulators of intracellular and intercellular water flow. To date, 13 AQPs, distributed widely in specific cell types in various organs and tissues, have been characterized in humans. A pair of NPA boxes forming a pore is highly conserved among all aquaporins and is also key residues for the classification of AQP superfamily into four groups according to primary sequences. AQPs may also be classified based on their transport properties. So far, chromosome localization and gene structure of 13 human AQPs have been identified, which is definitely helpful for studying phenotypes and potential targets in naturally occurring and synthetic mutations in human or cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xu
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Guo
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chunling Li
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Insight into the Mammalian Aquaporin Interactome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179615. [PMID: 36077012 PMCID: PMC9456110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane water channels expressed in all living organisms. AQPs facilitate osmotically driven water flux across biological membranes and, in some cases, the movement of small molecules (such as glycerol, urea, CO2, NH3, H2O2). Protein-protein interactions play essential roles in protein regulation and function. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of the AQP interactomes and addresses the molecular basis and functional significance of these protein-protein interactions in health and diseases. Targeting AQP interactomes may offer new therapeutic avenues as targeting individual AQPs remains challenging despite intense efforts.
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da Silva IV, Garra S, Calamita G, Soveral G. The Multifaceted Role of Aquaporin-9 in Health and Its Potential as a Clinical Biomarker. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070897. [PMID: 35883453 PMCID: PMC9313442 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels essential for water, energy, and redox homeostasis, with proven involvement in a variety of pathophysiological conditions such as edema, glaucoma, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, oxidative stress, sepsis, cancer, and metabolic dysfunctions. The 13 AQPs present in humans are widely distributed in all body districts, drawing cell lineage-specific expression patterns closely related to cell native functions. Compelling evidence indicates that AQPs are proteins with great potential as biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention. Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) is the most expressed in the liver, with implications in general metabolic and redox balance due to its aquaglyceroporin and peroxiporin activities, facilitating glycerol and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) diffusion across membranes. AQP9 is also expressed in other tissues, and their altered expression is described in several human diseases, such as liver injury, inflammation, cancer, infertility, and immune disorders. The present review compiles the current knowledge of AQP9 implication in diseases and highlights its potential as a new biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês V. da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sabino Garra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (G.S.)
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11
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Is NMDA-Receptor-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Mitochondria of Peripheral Tissues the Essential Factor in the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030827. [PMID: 35160278 PMCID: PMC8836479 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome of increased ammonia-mediated brain dysfunction caused by impaired hepatic detoxification or when the blood bypasses the liver. Ammonia-activated signal transduction pathways of hyperactivated NMDA receptors (NMDAR) are shown to trigger a cascade of pathological reactions in the brain, leading to oxidative stress. NMDARs outside the brain are widely distributed in peripheral tissues, including the liver, heart, pancreas, and erythrocytes. To determine the contribution of these receptors to ammonia-induced oxidative stress in peripheral tissues, it is relevant to investigate if there are any ammonia-related changes in antioxidant enzymes and free radical formation and whether blockade of NMDARs prevents these changes. Methods: Hyperammonemia was induced in rats by ammonium acetate injection. Oxidative stress was measured as changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and O2•− and H2O2 production by mitochondria isolated from the tissues and cells mentioned above. The effects of the NMDAR antagonist MK-801 on oxidative stress markers and on tissue ammonia levels were evaluated. Results: Increased ammonia levels in erythrocytes and mitochondria isolated from the liver, pancreas, and heart of hyperammonemic rats are shown to cause tissue-specific oxidative stress, which is prevented completely (or partially in erythrocyte) by MK-801. Conclusions: These results support the view that the pathogenesis of HE is multifactorial and that ammonia-induced multiorgan oxidative stress-mediated by activation of NMDAR is an integral part of the disease and, therefore, the toxic effects of ammonia in НЕ may be more global than initially expected.
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12
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Aquaporins and Animal Gamete Cryopreservation: Advances and Future Challenges. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030359. [PMID: 35158682 PMCID: PMC8833750 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cryopreservation is the method for the long-term preservation of gametes and embryos. In recent years, intensive research has focused on improving cryopreservation protocols for the determination of optimal freezing conditions and cryoprotective agents’ concentration for each cell type. The optimal cryopreservation protocol comprises the adequate balance between the freezing rate and the correct concentration of cryoprotective agents to achieve controlled cellular dehydration and minimal intracellular ice formation. Osmoregulation is, therefore, central in cryobiology. Water and some solutes can cross the plasma membrane, whereas facilitating transport takes a great part in intracellular/extracellular fluid homeostasis. Cells express water channels known as aquaporins that facilitate the transport of water and small uncharged solutes on their plasma membrane, including some cryoprotective agents. This review explores the expression and the function of aquaporins in gametes and embryos. In addition, the putative role of aquaporins for cryopreservation procedures is discussed. Abstract Cryopreservation is globally used as a method for long-term preservation, although freeze-thawing procedures may strongly impair the gamete function. The correct cryopreservation procedure is characterized by the balance between freezing rate and cryoprotective agents (CPAs), which minimizes cellular dehydration and intracellular ice formation. For this purpose, osmoregulation is a central process in cryopreservation. During cryopreservation, water and small solutes, including penetrating cryoprotective agents, cross the plasma membrane. Aquaporins (AQPs) constitute a family of channel proteins responsible for the transport of water, small solutes, and certain gases across biological membranes. Thirteen homologs of AQPs (AQP0-12) have been described. AQPs are widely distributed throughout the male and female reproductive systems, including the sperm and oocyte membrane. The composition of the male and female gamete membrane is of special interest for assisted reproductive techniques (ART), including cryopreservation. In this review, we detail the mechanisms involved in gamete cryopreservation, including the most used techniques and CPAs. In addition, the expression and function of AQPs in the male and female gametes are explored, highlighting the potential protective role of AQPs against damage induced during cryopreservation.
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13
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Wagner K, Unger L, Salman MM, Kitchen P, Bill RM, Yool AJ. Signaling Mechanisms and Pharmacological Modulators Governing Diverse Aquaporin Functions in Human Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1388. [PMID: 35163313 PMCID: PMC8836214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small integral membrane proteins that facilitate the bidirectional transport of water across biological membranes in response to osmotic pressure gradients as well as enable the transmembrane diffusion of small neutral solutes (such as urea, glycerol, and hydrogen peroxide) and ions. AQPs are expressed throughout the human body. Here, we review their key roles in fluid homeostasis, glandular secretions, signal transduction and sensation, barrier function, immunity and inflammation, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Evidence from a wide variety of studies now supports a view of the functions of AQPs being much more complex than simply mediating the passive flow of water across biological membranes. The discovery and development of small-molecule AQP inhibitors for research use and therapeutic development will lead to new insights into the basic biology of and novel treatments for the wide range of AQP-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wagner
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Lucas Unger
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Mootaz M. Salman
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Roslyn M. Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Andrea J. Yool
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
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14
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Wang Q, Guan K, Lv Y, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Kan Q. Disturbance of hepatocyte growth and metabolism in a hyperammonemia microenvironment. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 716:109109. [PMID: 34932992 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We found through previous research that hyperammonemia can cause secondary liver damage. However, whether hepatocytes are target cells of ammonia toxicity and whether hyperammonemia affects hepatocyte metabolism remain unknown. AIMS The purpose of the current study is to examine whether the hepatocyte is a specific target cell of ammonia toxicity and whether hyperammonemia can interfere with hepatocyte metabolism. METHODS Cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed in primary hepatocytes and other cells that had been exposed to ammonium chloride. Western blotting was adopted to examine the expression of proteins related to ammonia transport. We also established a metabolomics method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to understand the characteristics of the hepatocyte metabolic spectrum in a hyperammonemia microenvironment, to screen and identify differential metabolites, and to determine the differential metabolic pathway. Different technologies were used to verify the differential metabolic pathways. RESULTS Hepatocytes are target cells of ammonia toxicity. The mechanism is related to the ammonia transporter. Hyperammonemia interferes with hepatocyte metabolism, which leads to TCA cycle, urea cycle, and RNA synthesis disorder. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that hepatocyte growth and metabolism are disturbed in a hyperammonemia microenvironment, which further deteriorates hepatocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongye Wang
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kelei Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanjun Lv
- Department of Respiratory. the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingxuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery. the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Departments of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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15
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Mucciolo S, Desiderato A, Salonna M, Mamos T, Prodocimo V, Di Domenico M, Mastrototaro F, Lana P, Gissi C, Calamita G. Finding Aquaporins in Annelids: An Evolutionary Analysis and a Case Study. Cells 2021; 10:3562. [PMID: 34944070 PMCID: PMC8700629 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of membrane channels facilitating diffusion of water and small solutes into and out of cells. Despite their biological relevance in osmoregulation and ubiquitous distribution throughout metazoans, the presence of AQPs in annelids has been poorly investigated. Here, we searched and annotated Aqp sequences in public genomes and transcriptomes of annelids, inferred their evolutionary relationships through phylogenetic analyses and discussed their putative physiological relevance. We identified a total of 401 Aqp sequences in 27 annelid species, including 367 sequences previously unrecognized as Aqps. Similar to vertebrates, phylogenetic tree reconstructions clustered these annelid Aqps in four clades: AQP1-like, AQP3-like, AQP8-like and AQP11-like. We found no clear indication of the existence of paralogs exclusive to annelids; however, several gene duplications seem to have occurred in the ancestors of some Sedentaria annelid families, mainly in the AQP1-like clade. Three of the six Aqps annotated in Alitta succinea, an estuarine annelid showing high salinity tolerance, were validated by RT-PCR sequencing, and their similarity to human AQPs was investigated at the level of "key" conserved residues and predicted three-dimensional structure. Our results suggest a diversification of the structures and functions of AQPs in Annelida comparable to that observed in other taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Mucciolo
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.); (T.M.)
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Beira-Mar, s/n, Pontal do Sul, Pontal do Paraná 83255-976, PR, Brazil; (M.D.D.); (P.L.)
| | - Andrea Desiderato
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.); (T.M.)
| | - Marika Salonna
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill Health Campus, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Tomasz Mamos
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (A.D.); (T.M.)
| | - Viviane Prodocimo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Comparativa da Osmorregulação, Departamento de Fisiologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Campus Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos 100, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil;
| | - Maikon Di Domenico
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Beira-Mar, s/n, Pontal do Sul, Pontal do Paraná 83255-976, PR, Brazil; (M.D.D.); (P.L.)
| | - Francesco Mastrototaro
- CoNISMa LRU, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Paulo Lana
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Av. Beira-Mar, s/n, Pontal do Sul, Pontal do Paraná 83255-976, PR, Brazil; (M.D.D.); (P.L.)
| | - Carmela Gissi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.G.); (G.C.)
- CoNISMa LRU, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- IBIOM, Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), CNR, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica, Università degli Studi di Bari “A. Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (C.G.); (G.C.)
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16
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Capiglioni AM, Müller GL, Marrone J, Alvarez ML, Marinelli RA. Enhanced ammonia detoxification to urea in hepatocytes transduced with human aquaporin-8 gene. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4331-4337. [PMID: 34292591 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ammonia detoxification to urea is critical for the prevention of hyperammonemia and neurological damage. Hepatocyte mitochondrial aquaporin-8 (AQP8) channels have been involved in ammonia-derived ureagenesis. Herein, we studied whether the adenoviral gene transfer of human AQP8 (hAQP8) to hepatocyte mitochondria enhances ammonia conversion to urea. Using primary cultured rat hepatocytes, we first confirmed the mitochondrial expression of hAQP8 and then, using unlabeled or 15 N-labeled ammonia, we demonstrated that the urea synthesis was significantly enhanced in hAQP8-transduced hepatocytes. Studies using isolated hAQP8-expressing mitochondria also showed an increased ammonia metabolism. hAQP8 transduction was able to recover the impaired ammonia-derived ureagenesis in hepatotoxin-treated hepatocytes. Our data suggest that mitochondrially-expressed hAQP8 enhances and improves hepatocyte ammonia conversion to urea, a finding with potential therapeutic implications for liver disease with impaired ammonia detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejo M Capiglioni
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Gabriela L Müller
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Julieta Marrone
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Maria L Alvarez
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Raúl A Marinelli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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17
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Krüger C, Waldeck-Weiermair M, Kaynert J, Pokrant T, Komaragiri Y, Otto O, Michel T, Elsner M. AQP8 is a crucial H 2O 2 transporter in insulin-producing RINm5F cells. Redox Biol 2021; 43:101962. [PMID: 33892285 PMCID: PMC8082690 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiporins are distinct aquaporins (AQP) which, beside water, also facilitate the bidirectional transport of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) across cellular membranes. H2O2 serves as the major reactive oxygen species that mediates essential cell signaling events. In pancreatic β-cells, H2O2 has been associated with the regulation of cell growth but in excess it leads to failure of insulin secretion, making it important for diabetes mellitus (DM) pathogenesis. In the present study, the role of aquaporin-8 (AQP8) as a peroxiporin was investigated in RINm5F cells. The role of AQP8 was studied in an insulin-producing cell model, on the basis of stable AQP8 overexpression (AQP8↑) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated AQP8 knockdown (KD). A complete AQP8 knock-out was found to result in cell death, however we demonstrate that mild lentiviral re-expression through a Tet-On-regulated genetically modified AQP8 leads to cell survival, enabling functional characterization. Proliferation and insulin content were found to be increased in AQP8↑ cells underlining the importance of AQP8 in the regulation of H2O2 homeostasis in pancreatic β-cells. Colocalization analyses of V5-tagged AQP8 proteins based on confocal microscopic imaging revealed its membrane targeting to both the mitochondria and the plasma membrane, but not to the ER, the Golgi apparatus, insulin vesicles, or peroxisomes. By using the fluorescence H2O2 specific biosensor HyPer together with endogenous generation of H2O2 using d-amino acid oxidase, live cell imaging revealed enhanced H2O2 flux to the same subcellular regions in AQP8 overexpressing cells pointing to its importance in the development of type-1 DM. Moreover, the novel ultrasensitive H2O2 sensor HyPer7.2 clearly unveiled AQP8 as a H2O2 transporter in RINm5F cells. In summary, these studies establish that AQP8 is an important H2O2 pore in insulin-producing RINm5F cells involved in the transport of H2O2 through the mitochondria and cell membrane and may help to explain the H2O2 transport and toxicity in pancreatic β-cells. AQP8 KO is lethal for insulin-producing RINm5F cells. The peroxiporin AQP8 is localized in the plasma and mitochondrial membrane channeling H2O2 in RINm5F cells. Tet-On regulated low AQP8 re-expression and APQ8 overexpression are feasible models to study H2O2 transport in β-cells. Overexpression of AQP8 increases cell proliferation and cellular insulin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Krüger
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Waldeck-Weiermair
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jonas Kaynert
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Pokrant
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yesaswini Komaragiri
- Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz: Humorale Immunreaktion bei Kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, Universität Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V., Standort Greifswald, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Oliver Otto
- Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz: Humorale Immunreaktion bei Kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, Universität Greifswald, 17489, Greifswald, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung e. V., Standort Greifswald, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Michel
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Matthias Elsner
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30623, Hannover, Germany.
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da Silva IV, Cardoso C, Martínez-Banaclocha H, Casini A, Pelegrín P, Soveral G. Aquaporin-3 is involved in NLRP3-inflammasome activation contributing to the setting of inflammatory response. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3073-3085. [PMID: 33231721 PMCID: PMC11073090 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are large immune multiprotein complexes that tightly regulate the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, being dependent on cell regulatory volume mechanisms. Aquaporins (AQPs) are protein channels that facilitate the transport of water and glycerol (aquaglyceroporins) through membranes, essential for cell volume regulation. Although these membrane proteins are highly expressed in monocytes and macrophages, their role in the inflammatory process is still unclear. Here, we investigated the role of aquaglyceroporin AQP3 in NLRP3-inflammasome activation by complementary approaches based either on shRNA silencing or on AQP3 selective inhibition. The latter has been achieved using a reported potent gold-based inhibitor, Auphen. AQP3 inhibition or silencing partially blocked LPS-priming and decreased production of IL-6, proIL-1β, and TNF-α, suggesting the possible involvement of AQP3 in macrophage priming by Toll-like receptor 4 engagement. Moreover, AQP3-dependent cell reswelling increased IL-1β release through caspase-1 activation. NLRP3-inflammasome activation induced by reswelling, nigericin, and ATP was also blocked when AQP3 was inhibited or silenced. Altogether, these data point towards AQPs as potential players in the setting of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Vieira da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cardoso
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. Joaquim Chaves, 1495-148, Algés, Portugal
| | - Helios Martínez-Banaclocha
- Molecular Inflammation Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, Carretera Buenavista, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Pablo Pelegrín
- Molecular Inflammation Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de La Arrixaca, Carretera Buenavista, 30120, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.
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19
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Gena P, Portincasa P, Matera S, Sonntag Y, Rützler M, Calamita G. Stopped-flow Light Scattering Analysis of Red Blood Cell Glycerol Permeability. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3723. [PMID: 33659385 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Stopped-Flow Light Scattering (SFLS) is a method devised to analyze the kinetics of fast chemical reactions that result in a significant change of the average molecular weight and/or in the shape of the reaction substrates. Several modifications of the original stopped-flow system have been made leading to a significant extension of its technical applications. One of these modifications allows the biophysical characterization of the water and solute permeability of biological and artificial membranes. Here, we describe a protocol of SFLS to measure the glycerol permeability of isolated human red blood cells (RBCs) and evaluate the pharmacokinetics properties (selectivity and potency) of isoform-specific inhibitors of AQP3, AQP7 and AQP9, three mammalian aquaglyceroporins allowing transport of glycerol across membranes. Suspensions of RBCs (1% hematocrit) are exposed to an inwardly directed gradient of 100 mM glycerol in a SFLS apparatus at 20 °C and the resulting changes in scattered light intensity are recorded at a monochromatic wavelength of 530 nm for 120 s. The SFLS apparatus is set up to have a dead time of 1.6-ms and 99% mixing efficiency in less than 1 ms. Data are fitted to a single exponential function and the related time constant (τ, seconds) of the cell-swelling phase of light scattering corresponding to the osmotic movement of water that accompanies the entry of glycerol into erythrocytes is measured. The coefficient of glycerol permeability ( Pgly , cm/s) of RBCs is calculated with the following equation: Pgly = 1/[(S/V)τ] where τ (s) is the fitted exponential time constant and S/V is the surface-to-volume ratio (cm-1) of the analyzed RBC specimen. Pharmacokinetics of the isoform-specific inhibitors of AQP3, AQP7 and AQP9 are assessed by evaluating the extent of RBC Pgly values resulting after the exposure to serial concentrations of the blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gena
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Medical School, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Sabino Matera
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Yonathan Sonntag
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Michael Rützler
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,ApoGlyx AB, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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20
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Cell organelles as targets of mammalian cadmium toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1017-1049. [PMID: 32206829 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ever increasing environmental presence of cadmium as a consequence of industrial activities is considered a health hazard and is closely linked to deteriorating global health status. General animal and human cadmium exposure ranges from ingestion of foodstuffs sourced from heavily polluted hotspots and cigarette smoke to widespread contamination of air and water, including cadmium-containing microplastics found in household water. Cadmium is promiscuous in its effects and exerts numerous cellular perturbations based on direct interactions with macromolecules and its capacity to mimic or displace essential physiological ions, such as iron and zinc. Cell organelles use lipid membranes to form complex tightly-regulated, compartmentalized networks with specialized functions, which are fundamental to life. Interorganellar communication is crucial for orchestrating correct cell behavior, such as adaptive stress responses, and can be mediated by the release of signaling molecules, exchange of organelle contents, mechanical force generated through organelle shape changes or direct membrane contact sites. In this review, cadmium effects on organellar structure and function will be critically discussed with particular consideration to disruption of organelle physiology in vertebrates.
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21
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Pak VV, Ezeriņa D, Lyublinskaya OG, Pedre B, Tyurin-Kuzmin PA, Mishina NM, Thauvin M, Young D, Wahni K, Martínez Gache SA, Demidovich AD, Ermakova YG, Maslova YD, Shokhina AG, Eroglu E, Bilan DS, Bogeski I, Michel T, Vriz S, Messens J, Belousov VV. Ultrasensitive Genetically Encoded Indicator for Hydrogen Peroxide Identifies Roles for the Oxidant in Cell Migration and Mitochondrial Function. Cell Metab 2020; 31:642-653.e6. [PMID: 32130885 PMCID: PMC7088435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a key redox intermediate generated within cells. Existing probes for H2O2 have not solved the problem of detection of the ultra-low concentrations of the oxidant: these reporters are not sensitive enough, or pH-dependent, or insufficiently bright, or not functional in mammalian cells, or have poor dynamic range. Here we present HyPer7, the first bright, pH-stable, ultrafast, and ultrasensitive ratiometric H2O2 probe. HyPer7 is fully functional in mammalian cells and in other higher eukaryotes. The probe consists of a circularly permuted GFP integrated into the ultrasensitive OxyR domain from Neisseria meningitidis. Using HyPer7, we were able to uncover the details of H2O2 diffusion from the mitochondrial matrix, to find a functional output of H2O2 gradients in polarized cells, and to prove the existence of H2O2 gradients in wounded tissue in vivo. Overall, HyPer7 is a probe of choice for real-time H2O2 imaging in various biological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy V Pak
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Daria Ezeriņa
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olga G Lyublinskaya
- Department of Intracellular Signaling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Brandán Pedre
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Natalie M Mishina
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Marion Thauvin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75231, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris 75005, France
| | - David Young
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khadija Wahni
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Santiago Agustín Martínez Gache
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandra D Demidovich
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Yulia G Ermakova
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Yulia D Maslova
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Arina G Shokhina
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Emrah Eroglu
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dmitry S Bilan
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Thomas Michel
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sophie Vriz
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75231, France; University Paris-Diderot, Paris 75006, France
| | - Joris Messens
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie - Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Brussels Center for Redox Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Department of Metabolism and Redox Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia; Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia; Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany; Federal Center for Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Moscow 117997, Russia.
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22
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Carrageta DF, Bernardino RL, Alves MG, Oliveira PF. CFTR regulation of aquaporin-mediated water transport. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2020; 112:163-177. [PMID: 32061340 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an anion channel responsible for the direct transport of bicarbonate and chloride. CFTR-dependent ionic transport is crucial for pH regulation and fluid homeodynamics among epithelial surfaces. Particularly, CFTR performs an essential role in the male reproductive tract, which requires a tight regulation of water and electrolytes in order to produce healthy spermatozoa. The absence or malfunction of CFTR results in cystic fibrosis, the most common lethal disease among Caucasians, that is characterized by an impaired fluid and ionic homeostasis in the whole organism. Due to the wide expression and importance of CFTR, the male reproductive tract is highly affected by cystic fibrosis, resulting in male infertility. Although CFTR is not permeable to water, this protein acts as a regulator of other protein channels, such as aquaporins. In fact, CFTR acts as a molecular partner of aquaporins in epithelial cells, regulating fluid homeodynamics. Herein, up-to-date data concerning the regulation of aquaporin-mediated water transport by CFTR will be discussed, highlighting the role of both channels in the male reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Carrageta
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raquel L Bernardino
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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23
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Aquaporins and male (in)fertility: Expression and role throughout the male reproductive tract. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 679:108222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Abir-Awan M, Kitchen P, Salman MM, Conner MT, Conner AC, Bill RM. Inhibitors of Mammalian Aquaporin Water Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071589. [PMID: 30934923 PMCID: PMC6480248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channel proteins that are essential to life, being expressed in all kingdoms. In humans, there are 13 AQPs, at least one of which is found in every organ system. The structural biology of the AQP family is well-established and many functions for AQPs have been reported in health and disease. AQP expression is linked to numerous pathologies including tumor metastasis, fluid dysregulation, and traumatic injury. The targeted modulation of AQPs therefore presents an opportunity to develop novel treatments for diverse conditions. Various techniques such as video microscopy, light scattering and fluorescence quenching have been used to test putative AQP inhibitors in both AQP-expressing mammalian cells and heterologous expression systems. The inherent variability within these methods has caused discrepancy and many molecules that are inhibitory in one experimental system (such as tetraethylammonium, acetazolamide, and anti-epileptic drugs) have no activity in others. Some heavy metal ions (that would not be suitable for therapeutic use) and the compound, TGN-020, have been shown to inhibit some AQPs. Clinical trials for neuromyelitis optica treatments using anti-AQP4 IgG are in progress. However, these antibodies have no effect on water transport. More research to standardize high-throughput assays is required to identify AQP modulators for which there is an urgent and unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Abir-Awan
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Philip Kitchen
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Mootaz M Salman
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Matthew T Conner
- Research Institute of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK.
| | - Alex C Conner
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Roslyn M Bill
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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Danielli M, Marrone J, Capiglioni AM, Marinelli RA. Mitochondrial aquaporin-8 is involved in SREBP-controlled hepatocyte cholesterol biosynthesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:370-375. [PMID: 30579780 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol, via sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) transcription factors, activates or represses genes involved in its hepatic biosynthetic pathway, and also modulates the expression of hepatocyte mitochondrial aquaporin-8 (mtAQP8), a channel that can function as peroxiporin by facilitating the transmembrane diffusion of H2O2. Here we tested the hypothesis that mtAQP8 is involved in the SREBP-mediated regulation of hepatocyte cholesterol biosynthesis. Using human hepatocyte-derived Huh-7 cells and primary rat hepatocytes, we found that mtAQP8 knockdown significantly downregulated de novo cholesterol synthesis as well as protein expressions of SREBP-2 and its target gene, a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase (HMGCR). In contrast, adenovirus-mediated human AQP8 mitochondrial expression significantly increased de novo cholesterol synthesis and protein expressions of SREBP-2 and HMGCR. In mtAQP8-overexpressed hepatocytes, mitochondrial H2O2 release was found to be increased; and a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant prevented the upregulation of mitochondrial H2O2 release and that of cholesterol synthesis. Our results suggest that peroxiporin mtAQP8 plays a role in the SREBP-controlled hepatocyte cholesterogenesis, a finding that might be relevant to cholesterol-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Danielli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Julieta Marrone
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Alejo M Capiglioni
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Raúl A Marinelli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
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Wang H, Zhang L, Tao Y, Wang Z, Shen D, Dong H. Transmembrane Helices 2 and 3 Determine the Localization of Plasma Membrane Intrinsic Proteins in Eukaryotic Cells. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1671. [PMID: 31998350 PMCID: PMC6966961 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In plants, plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) PIP1s and PIP2s mediate the transport of disparate substrates across plasma membranes (PMs), with a prerequisite that the proteins correctly localize to the PMs. While PIP2s can take correct localization by themselves in plant cells, PIP1s cannot unless aided by a specific PIP2. Here, we analyzed the localization of the Arabidopsis aquaporins, AtPIP1s, AtPIP2;4, and their mutants in yeast, Xenopus oocytes, and protoplasts of Arabidopsis. Most of AtPIP2;4 localized in the PM when expressed alone, whereas AtPIP1;1 failed to realize it in yeast and Xenopus oocytes. Switch of the transmembrane helix 2 (TM2) or TM3 from AtPIP1;1 to AtPIP2;4 disabled the latter's PM targeting activity. Surprisingly, a replacement of TM2 and TM3 of AtPIP1;1 with those of AtPIP2;4 created a PM-localized AtPIP1;1 mutant, 1;1Δ(TM2+TM3)/2;4(TM2+TM3), which could act as a water and hydrogen peroxide channel just like AtPIP2;4. A localization and function analysis on mutants of AtPIP1;2, AtPIP1;3, AtPIP1;4, and AtPIP1;5, with the same replaced TM2 and TM3 from AtPIP2;4, showed that these AtPIP1 variants could also localize in the PM spontaneously, thus playing an inherent role in transporting solutes. Sequential and structural analysis suggested that a hydrophilic residue and a defective LxxxA motif are modulators of PM localization of AtPIP1s. These results indicate that TM2 and TM3 are necessary and, more importantly, sufficient in AtPIP2 for its PM localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, China
| | - Yuan Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuodong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Shen, ; Hansong Dong,
| | - Hansong Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Taian, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Shen, ; Hansong Dong,
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Cheung CY, Roberts VHJ, Frias AE, Brace RA. High-fat diet effects on amniotic fluid volume and amnion aquaporin expression in non-human primates. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13792. [PMID: 30033659 PMCID: PMC6055028 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Western style, high-fat diet (HFD) and associated high lipid levels have deleterious effects on fetal and placental development independent of maternal obesity and/or diabetes. Our objectives were to determine whether HFD without development of obesity would alter amniotic fluid volume (AFV) and amnion aquaporin (AQP) expression in a non-human primate model. Japanese macaques were fed either a control diet or HFD before and during pregnancy. The four quadrant amniotic fluid index (AFI) was used as an ultrasonic estimate of AFV at 120 days gestation. Amnion samples were collected at 130 days gestation by cesarean section and AQP mRNA levels were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Similar to that in human, AQP1, AQP3, AQP8, AQP9, and AQP11 were expressed in the macaque amnion with significant differences in levels among AQPs. In macaque, neither individual AQPs nor expression profiles of the five AQPs differed between control and non-obese HFD animals. There were regional differences in AQP expression in that, AQP1 mRNA levels were highest and AQP8 lowest in reflected amnion while AQP3, AQP9, and AQP11 were not different among amnion regions. When subdivided into control and HFD groups, AQP1 mRNA levels remain highest in the reflected amnion of both groups. The HFD did not significantly affect the AFI, but AFI was positively correlated with AQP11 mRNA levels independent of diet. Collectively, these data suggest that HFD in pregnant non-obese individuals may have at most modest effects on AFV as the AFI and amnion AQP expression are not substantially altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Y. Cheung
- Division of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregon
| | - Victoria H. J. Roberts
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental SciencesOregon National Primate Research CenterPortlandOregon
| | - Antonio E. Frias
- Division of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregon
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental SciencesOregon National Primate Research CenterPortlandOregon
| | - Robert A. Brace
- Division of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineDepartment of Obstetrics and GynecologyOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregon
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Chauvigné F, Parhi J, Ducat C, Ollé J, Finn RN, Cerdà J. The cellular localization and redistribution of multiple aquaporin paralogs in the spermatic duct epithelium of a maturing marine teleost. J Anat 2018; 233:177-192. [PMID: 29806093 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-mediated fluid transport in the mammalian efferent duct and epididymis is believed to play a role in sperm maturation and concentration. In fish, such as the marine teleost gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), the control of fluid homeostasis in the spermatic duct seems also to be crucial for male fertility, but no information exists on the expression and distribution of aquaporins. In this study, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting analyses, employing available and newly raised paralog-specific antibodies for seabream aquaporins, indicate that up to nine functional aquaporins, Aqp0a, -1aa, -1ab, -3a, -4a, -7, -8bb, -9b and -10b, are expressed in the spermatic duct. Immunolocalization of the channels in the resting spermatic duct reveals that Aqp0a, -1aa, -4a, -7 and -10b are expressed in the monolayered luminal epithelium, Aqp8b and -9b in smooth muscle fibers, and Aqp1ab and -3a in different interstitial lamina cells. In the epithelial cells, Aqp0a and -1aa are localized in the short apical microvilli, and Aqp4a and -10b show apical and basolateral staining, whereas Aqp7 is solely detected in vesicular compartments. Upon spermiation, an elongation of the epithelial cells sterocilia, as well as the folding of the epithelium, is observed. At this stage, single- and double-immunostaining, using two aquaporin paralogs or the Na+ /K+ -ATPase membrane marker, indicate that Aqp1ab, -3a, -7, -8bb and -9b staining remains unchanged, whereas in epithelial cells Aqp1aa translation is supressed, Aqp4a internalizes, and Aqp0a and -10b accumulate in the apical, lateral and basal plasma membrane. These findings uncover a cell type- and region-specific distribution of multiple aquaporins in the piscine spermatic duct, which shares conserved features of the mammalian system. The data therefore suggest that aquaporins may play different roles in the regulation of fluid homeostasis and sperm maturation in the male reproductive tract of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Chauvigné
- Group of Comparative Molecular Physiology, IRTA-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janmejay Parhi
- Fish Genetics and Reproduction Department, College of Fisheries, Central Agricultural University, Lembucherra, Tripura, India
| | - Carla Ducat
- Group of Comparative Molecular Physiology, IRTA-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Ollé
- Group of Comparative Molecular Physiology, IRTA-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roderick Nigel Finn
- Group of Comparative Molecular Physiology, IRTA-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biological Sciences, Bergen High Technology Centre, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Joan Cerdà
- Group of Comparative Molecular Physiology, IRTA-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Calvanese L, D'Auria G, Vangone A, Falcigno L, Oliva R. Structural Basis for Mutations of Human Aquaporins Associated to Genetic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1577. [PMID: 29799470 PMCID: PMC6032259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are among the best structural-characterized membrane proteins, fulfilling the role of allowing water flux across cellular membranes. Thus far, 34 single amino acid polymorphisms have been reported in HUMSAVAR for human aquaporins as disease-related. They affect AQP2, AQP5 and AQP8, where they are associated with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, keratoderma and colorectal cancer, respectively. For half of these mutations, although they are mostly experimentally characterized in their dysfunctional phenotypes, a structural characterization at a molecular level is still missing. In this work, we focus on such mutations and discuss what the structural defects are that they appear to cause. To achieve this aim, we built a 3D molecular model for each mutant and explored the effect of the mutation on all of their structural features. Based on these analyses, we could collect the structural defects of all the pathogenic mutations (here or previously analysed) under few main categories, that we found to nicely correlate with the experimental phenotypes reported for several of the analysed mutants. Some of the structural analyses we present here provide a rationale for previously experimentally observed phenotypes. Furthermore, our comprehensive overview can be used as a reference frame for the interpretation, on a structural basis, of defective phenotypes of other aquaporin pathogenic mutants.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Aquaporin 2/chemistry
- Aquaporin 2/genetics
- Aquaporin 2/metabolism
- Aquaporin 5/chemistry
- Aquaporin 5/genetics
- Aquaporin 5/metabolism
- Aquaporins/chemistry
- Aquaporins/genetics
- Aquaporins/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics
- Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism
- Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology
- Databases, Protein
- Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic/genetics
- Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic/metabolism
- Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic/pathology
- Gene Expression
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genotype
- Humans
- Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/genetics
- Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/metabolism
- Keratoderma, Palmoplantar/pathology
- Models, Molecular
- Mutation
- Phenotype
- Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
- Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Protein Multimerization
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Calvanese
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli I-80134, Italy.
| | - Gabriella D'Auria
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli I-80134, Italy.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli I-80134, Italy.
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli I-80134, Italy.
| | - Anna Vangone
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Lucia Falcigno
- CIRPeB, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli I-80134, Italy.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli I-80134, Italy.
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Napoli I-80134, Italy.
| | - Romina Oliva
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University Parthenope of Naples, Napoli I-80143, Italy.
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Prognostic values of aquaporins mRNA expression in human ovarian cancer. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180108. [PMID: 29472315 PMCID: PMC5920140 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of transmembrane channel, are composed of 13 identified members (AQP0–12). Accumulating evidences reported that AQPs were correlated with various biological roles and represented a prognostic predictor in various cancer types. However, the prognostic value of AQPs expression in ovarian cancer remains unclear. Using ‘Kaplan–Meier plotter’ (KM plotter) online database, we explored the predictive prognostic value of individual AQPs members’ mRNA expression to overall survival (OS) in different clinical data, such as histology, pathological grades, clinical stages, TP53 status, and applied chemotherapy in ovarian cancer patients. Our results revealed that higher AQP0, AQP1, and AQP4 mRNA expression were correlated with poor OS, whereas higher AQP3, AQP5, AQP6, AQP8, AQP10, and AQP11 showed better OS in ovarian cancer patients. Moreover, AQP4 and AQP8 showed poor OS in TP53-mutated ovarian cancer patients and AQP1 presented unfavorable OS in both TP53 mutated and wild ovarian cancer patients. Additionally, AQP3, AQP6, and AQP11 mRNA expression were correlated with better OS, whereas AQP0 and AQP1 showed poor OS in all ovarian cancer patients treated with Platin, Taxol, and Taxol + Platin chemotherapy. AQP5, AQP8, and AQP10 were associated with improved OS, however, AQP4 predicted unfavorable OS in all patients treated with Platin chemotherapy. Our results suggest that individual AQPs, except AQP2 and AQP9, are associated with unique prognostic significance and may thus act as new predictive prognostic indicators and potential drug therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
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Kirscht A, Sonntag Y, Kjellbom P, Johanson U. A structural preview of aquaporin 8 via homology modeling of seven vertebrate isoforms. BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 18:2. [PMID: 29454339 PMCID: PMC5816522 DOI: 10.1186/s12900-018-0081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate the passage of small neutral polar molecules across membranes of the cell. In animals there are four distinct AQP subfamilies, whereof AQP8 homologues constitute one of the smallest subfamilies with just one member in man. AQP8 conducts water, ammonia, urea, glycerol and H2O2 through various membranes of animal cells. This passive channel has been connected to a number of phenomena, such as volume change of mitochondria, ammonia neurotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction related to oxidative stress. Currently, there is no experimentally determined structure of an AQP8, hence the structural understanding of this subfamily is limited. The recently solved structure of the plant AQP, AtTIP2;1, which has structural and functional features in common with AQP8s, has opened up for construction of homology models that are likely to be more accurate than previous models. Results Here we present homology models of seven vertebrate AQP8s. Modeling based on the AtTIP2;1 structure alone resulted in reasonable models except for the pore being blocked by a phenylalanine that is not present in AtTIP2;1. To achieve an open pore, these models were supplemented with models based on the bacterial water specific AQP, EcAqpZ, creating a chimeric monomeric model for each AQP8 isoform. The selectivity filter (also named the aromatic/arginine region), which defines the permeant substrate profile, comprises five amino acid residues in AtTIP2;1, including a histidine coming from loop C. Compared to AtTIP2;1, the selectivity filters of modelled AQP8s only deviates in that they are slightly more narrow and more hydrophobic due to a phenylalanine replacing the histidine from loop C. Interestingly, the models do not exclude the existence of a side pore beneath loop C similar to that described in the structure of AtTIP2;1. Conclusions Our models concur that AQP8s are likely to have an AtTIP2;1-like selectivity filter. The detailed description of the expected configuration of residues in the selectivity filters of AQP8s provides an excellent starting point for planning of as well as rationalizing the outcome of mutational studies. Our strategy to compile hybrid models based on several templates may prove useful also for other AQPs for which structural information is limited. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12900-018-0081-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kirscht
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yonathan Sonntag
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Kjellbom
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Urban Johanson
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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33
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Endothelial Aquaporins and Hypomethylation: Potential Implications for Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010130. [PMID: 29301341 PMCID: PMC5796079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane channels that facilitate water and glycerol permeation through cell membranes. Recently, the water channel AQP1 was suggested to contribute to endothelial homeostasis and cardiovascular health. Less is known about endothelial aquaglyceroporins expression and its implication in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have previously used cultured human endothelial cells under a hypomethylating environment to study endothelial dysfunction and activation, a phenotype implicated in the establishment of atherosclerosis and CVD. Here, we used the same cell model to investigate aquaporin’s expression and function in healthy or pro-atherogenic phenotype. We first confirmed key features of endothelium dysfunction and activation in our cell model, including an augmented endothelial transmigration under hypomethylation. Subsequently, we found AQP1 and AQP3 to be the most predominant AQPs accounting for water and glycerol fluxes, respectively, in the healthy endothelium. Moreover, endothelial hypomethylation led to decreased levels of AQP1 and impaired water permeability without affecting AQP3 and glycerol permeability. Furthermore, TNF-α treatment-induced AQP1 downregulation suggesting that the inflammatory NF-κB signaling pathway mediates AQP1 transcriptional repression in a pro-atherogenic endothelium, a possibility that warrants further investigation. In conclusion, our results add further support to AQP1 as a candidate player in the setting of endothelial dysfunction and CVD.
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Abstract
The synthesis, processing and function of coding and non-coding RNA molecules and their interacting proteins has been the focus of a great deal of research that has boosted our understanding of key molecular pathways that underlie higher order events such as cell cycle control, development, innate immune response and the occurrence of genetic diseases. In this study, we have found that formamide preferentially weakens RNA related processes in vivo. Using a non-essential Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene deletion collection, we identify deleted loci that make cells sensitive to formamide. Sensitive deletions are significantly enriched in genes involved in RNA metabolism. Accordingly, we find that previously known temperature-sensitive splicing mutants become lethal in the presence of the drug under permissive temperature. Furthermore, in a wild type background, splicing efficiency is decreased and R-loop formation is increased in the presence of formamide. In addition, we have also isolated 35 formamide-sensitive mutants, many of which display remarkable morphology and cell cycle defects potentially unveiling new players in the regulation of these processes. We conclude that formamide preferentially targets RNA related processes in vivo, probably by relaxing RNA secondary structures and/or RNA-protein interactions, and can be used as an effective tool to characterize these processes.
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Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs ) are expressed in most exocrine and endocrine secretory glands. Consequently, summarizing the expression and functions of AQPs in secretory glands represents a daunting task considering the important number of glands present in the body, as well as the number of mammalian AQPs - thirteen. The roles played by AQPs in secretory processes have been investigated in many secretory glands. However, despite considerable research, additional studies are clearly needed to pursue our understanding of the role played by AQPs in secretory processes. This book chapter will focus on summarizing the current knowledge on AQPs expression and function in the gastrointestinal tract , including salivary glands, gastric glands, Duodenal Brunner's gland, liver and gallbladder, intestinal goblets cells, exocrine and endocrine pancreas, as well as few other secretory glands including airway submucosal glands, lacrimal glands, mammary glands and eccrine sweat glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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36
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Lee J, Ghosh S, Saier MH. Comparative genomic analyses of transport proteins encoded within the red algae Chondrus crispus, Galdieria sulphuraria, and Cyanidioschyzon merolae 11. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2017; 53:503-521. [PMID: 28328149 PMCID: PMC5591647 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Galdieria sulphuraria and Cyanidioschyzon merolae are thermo-acidophilic unicellular red algal cousins capable of living in volcanic environments, although the former can additionally thrive in the presence of toxic heavy metals. Bioinformatic analyses of transport systems were carried out on their genomes, as well as that of the mesophilic multicellular red alga Chondrus crispus (Irish moss). We identified transport proteins related to the metabolic capabilities, physiological properties, and environmental adaptations of these organisms. Of note is the vast array of transporters encoded in G. sulphuraria capable of importing a variety of carbon sources, particularly sugars and amino acids, while C. merolae and C. crispus have relatively few such proteins. Chondrus crispus may prefer short chain acids to sugars and amino acids. In addition, the number of encoded proteins pertaining to heavy metal ion transport is highest in G. sulphuraria and lowest in C. crispus. All three organisms preferentially utilize secondary carriers over primary active transporters, suggesting that their primary source of energy derives from electron flow rather than substrate-level phosphorylation. Surprisingly, the percentage of inorganic ion transporters encoded in C. merolae more closely resembles that of C. crispus than G. sulphuraria, but only C. crispus appears to signal via voltage-gated cation channels and possess a Na+ /K+ -ATPase and a Na+ exporting pyrophosphatase. The results presented in this report further our understanding of the metabolic potential and toxic compound resistances of these three organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Milton H. Saier
- Corresponding Author: Tel +1 858 534 4084 Fax: +1 858 534 7108 (M.H. Saier)
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Danielli M, Capiglioni AM, Marrone J, Calamita G, Marinelli RA. Cholesterol can modulate mitochondrial aquaporin-8 expression in human hepatic cells. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:341-346. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Danielli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Rosario Argentina
| | - Alejo M. Capiglioni
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Rosario Argentina
| | - Julieta Marrone
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Rosario Argentina
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Biotecnologie e Biofarmaceutica; Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro,”; Bari Italy
| | - Raúl A. Marinelli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Rosario Argentina
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Changes in the Luminal Environment of the Colonic Epithelial Cells and Physiopathological Consequences. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:476-486. [PMID: 28082121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Evidence, mostly from experimental models, has accumulated, indicating that modifications of bacterial metabolite concentrations in the large intestine luminal content, notably after changes in the dietary composition, may have important beneficial or deleterious consequences for the colonic epithelial cell metabolism and physiology in terms of mitochondrial energy metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, gene expression, DNA integrity, proliferation, and viability. Recent data suggest that for some bacterial metabolites, like hydrogen sulfide and butyrate, the extent of their oxidation in colonocytes affects their capacity to modulate gene expression in these cells. Modifications of the luminal bacterial metabolite concentrations may, in addition, affect the colonic pH and osmolarity, which are known to affect colonocyte biology per se. Although the colonic epithelium appears able to face, up to some extent, changes in its luminal environment, notably by developing a metabolic adaptive response, some of these modifications may likely affect the homeostatic process of colonic epithelium renewal and the epithelial barrier function. The contribution of major changes in the colonocyte luminal environment in pathological processes, like mucosal inflammation, preneoplasia, and neoplasia, although suggested by several studies, remains to be precisely evaluated, particularly in a long-term perspective.
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Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs ) are a family of membrane water channels that basically function as regulators of intracellular and intercellular water flow. To date, thirteen AQPs , which are distributed widely in specific cell types in various organs and tissues, have been characterized in humans. Four AQP monomers, each of which consists of six membrane-spanning alpha-helices that have a central water-transporting pore, assemble to form tetramers, forming the functional units in the membrane. AQP facilitates osmotic water transport across plasma membranes and thus transcellular fluid movement. The cellular functions of aquaporins are regulated by posttranslational modifications , e.g. phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, subcellular distribution, degradation, and protein interactions. Insight into the molecular mechanisms responsible for regulated aquaporin trafficking and synthesis is proving to be fundamental for development of novel therapeutic targets or reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Li
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74# Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74# Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Li Y, Wang W, Jiang T, Yang B. Aquaporins in Urinary System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 969:131-148. [PMID: 28258571 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1057-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several aquaporin (AQP )-type water channels are expressed in kidney: AQP1 in the proximal tubule, thin descending limb of Henle, and vasa recta; AQP2 -6 in the collecting duct; AQP7 in the proximal tubule; AQP8 in the proximal tubule and collecting duct; and AQP11 in the endoplasmic reticulum of proximal tubule cells. AQP2 is the vasopressin-regulated water channel that is important in hereditary and acquired diseases affecting urine-concentrating ability. The roles of AQPs in renal physiology and transepithelial water transport have been determined using AQP knockout mouse models. This chapter describes renal physiologic insights revealed by phenotypic analysis of AQP knockout mice and the prospects for further basic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Weiling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, and Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the discovery of aquaporin-1 (AQP1) as a water channel, more than 2,000 articles, reviews and chapters have been published. The wide tissue expression, functional and biological roles have documented the major and essential physiological importance of these channels both in health and disease. Thus, over the years, studies have revealed essential importance of aquaporins in mammalian pathophysiology revealing aquaporins as potential drug targets. Areas covered: Starting from a brief description of the main structural and functional features of aquaporins, their roles in physiology and pathophysiology of different human diseases, this review describes the main classes of small molecules and biologicals patented, published from 2010 to 2015, able to regulate AQPs for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Expert opinion: Several patents report on AQP modulators, mostly inhibitors, and related pharmaceutical formulations, to be used for treatments of water imbalance disorders, such as edema. Noteworthy, a unique class of gold-based compounds as selective inhibitors of aquaglyceroporin isoforms may provide new chemical tools for therapeutic applications, especially in cancer. AQP4-targeted therapies for neuromyelitis optica, enhancement of AQP2 function for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and AQP1-5 gene transfer for the Sjogren's syndrome represent promising therapies that deserve further investigation by clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graça Soveral
- a Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Angela Casini
- b School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
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Tamma G, Valenti G. Evaluating the Oxidative Stress in Renal Diseases: What Is the Role for S-Glutathionylation? Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:147-64. [PMID: 26972776 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have long been considered as toxic derivatives of aerobic metabolism displaying a harmful effect to living cells. Deregulation of redox homeostasis and production of excessive free radicals may contribute to the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. In line, oxidative stress increases in patients with renal dysfunctions due to a general increase of ROS paralleled by impaired antioxidant ability. RECENT ADVANCES Emerging evidence revealed that physiologically, ROS can act as signaling molecules interplaying with several transduction pathways such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. ROS can exert signaling functions by modulating, at different layers, protein oxidation since proteins have "cysteine switches" that can be reversibly reduced or oxidized, supporting the dynamic signaling regulation function. In this scenario, S-glutathionylation is a posttranslational modification involved in oxidative cellular response. CRITICAL ISSUES Although it is widely accepted that renal dysfunctions are often associated with altered redox signaling, the relative role of S-glutathionylation on the pathogenesis of specific renal diseases remains unclear and needs further investigations. In this review, we discuss the impact of ROS in renal health and diseases and the role of selective S-glutathionylation proteins potentially relevant to renal physiology. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The paucity of studies linking the reversible protein glutathionylation with specific renal disorders remains unmet. The growing number of S-glutathionylated proteins indicates that this is a fascinating area of research. In this respect, further studies on the association of reversible glutathionylation with renal diseases, characterized by oxidative stress, may be useful to develop new pharmacological molecules targeting protein S-glutathionylation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 147-164.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Tamma
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari , Bari, Italy .,2 Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (I.N.B.B.) , Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Valenti
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari , Bari, Italy .,2 Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi (I.N.B.B.) , Rome, Italy .,3 Centro di Eccellenza di Genomica in campo Biomedico ed Agrario (CEGBA) , Bari, Italy
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Bernardino RL, Marinelli RA, Maggio A, Gena P, Cataldo I, Alves MG, Svelto M, Oliveira PF, Calamita G. Hepatocyte and Sertoli Cell Aquaporins, Recent Advances and Research Trends. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071096. [PMID: 27409609 PMCID: PMC4964472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are proteinaceous channels widespread in nature where they allow facilitated permeation of water and uncharged through cellular membranes. AQPs play a number of important roles in both health and disease. This review focuses on the most recent advances and research trends regarding the expression and modulation, as well as physiological and pathophysiological functions of AQPs in hepatocytes and Sertoli cells (SCs). Besides their involvement in bile formation, hepatocyte AQPs are involved in maintaining energy balance acting in hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipid metabolism, and in critical processes such as ammonia detoxification and mitochondrial output of hydrogen peroxide. Roles are played in clinical disorders including fatty liver disease, diabetes, obesity, cholestasis, hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. In the seminiferous tubules, particularly in SCs, AQPs are also widely expressed and seem to be implicated in the various stages of spermatogenesis. Like in hepatocytes, AQPs may be involved in maintaining energy homeostasis in these cells and have a major role in the metabolic cooperation established in the testicular tissue. Altogether, this information represents the mainstay of current and future investigation in an expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel L Bernardino
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Raul A Marinelli
- Instituto de Fisiología Experimental-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas-Universidad Nacional de Rosario, 531 S2002LRK Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Anna Maggio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharnaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Gena
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharnaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Cataldo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharnaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco G Alves
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Maria Svelto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharnaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharnaceutics, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
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The inhibition of glycerol permeation through aquaglyceroporin-3 induced by mercury(II): A molecular dynamics study. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 160:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Matsuzaki T, Yaguchi T, Shimizu K, Kita A, Ishibashi K, Takata K. The distribution and function of aquaporins in the kidney: resolved and unresolved questions. Anat Sci Int 2016; 92:187-199. [PMID: 26798062 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-016-0325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The membrane water channel aquaporin (AQP) family is composed of 13 isoforms in mammals, eight of which are reportedly expressed in the kidney: AQP1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 11. These isoforms are differentially expressed along the renal tubules and collecting ducts. AQP1 and 7 are distributed in the proximal tubules, whereas AQP2, 3, and 4 occur in the collecting duct system. They play important roles in the reabsorption of water and some solutes across the plasma membrane. In contrast to other aquaporins found in the kidney, AQP6, 8, and 11 are localized to the cytoplasm rather than to the apical or basolateral membranes. It is therefore doubtful that these isoforms are directly involved in water or solute reabsorption. AQP6 is localized in acid-secreting type A intercalated cells of the collecting duct. AQP8 has been found in the proximal tubule but its cellular location has not yet been defined by immunohistochemistry. AQP11 seems to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of proximal tubule cells. Interestingly, polycystic kidneys develop in AQP11-null mice. Many vacuole-like structures are seen in proximal tubule cells in kidneys of newborn AQP11-null mice. Subsequently, cysts are generated, and most of the mice die within a month due to severe renal failure. Although ER stress and impairment of polycystin-1, the product of the gene mutated in autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease, are possible causes of cystogenesis in AQP11-null mice, the exact mechanism of pathogenesis and the physiological function of AQP11 are yet to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Matsuzaki
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Yaguchi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kinue Shimizu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Aoi Kita
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ishibashi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Takata
- Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, 323-1 Kamioki-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0052, Japan
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de Almeida A, Martins AP, Mósca AF, Wijma HJ, Prista C, Soveral G, Casini A. Exploring the gating mechanisms of aquaporin-3: new clues for the design of inhibitors? MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:1564-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00013d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The pH gating of human AQP3 and its effects on both water and glycerol permeabilities have been fully characterized for the first time using a human red blood cell model (hRBC).
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Affiliation(s)
- A. de Almeida
- Dept. of Pharmacokinetics
- Toxicology and Targeting
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- 9713 AV Groningen
| | - A. P. Martins
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-003 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - A. F. Mósca
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-003 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - H. J. Wijma
- Department of Biochemistry
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - C. Prista
- Research Center “Linking Landscape
- Environment
- Agriculture and Food” (LEAF)
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia
- Universidade de Lisboa
| | - G. Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa)
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1649-003 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - A. Casini
- Dept. of Pharmacokinetics
- Toxicology and Targeting
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- 9713 AV Groningen
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Kreida S, Törnroth-Horsefield S. Structural insights into aquaporin selectivity and regulation. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2015; 33:126-34. [PMID: 26342685 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins have emerged as one of the structurally best-characterized membrane protein families, with fourteen different structures available from a diverse range of organisms. While all aquaporins share the same fold and passive mechanism for water permeation, structural details allow for differences in selectivity and modes of regulation. These details are now the emphasis of aquaporin structural biology. Recent structural studies of eukaryotic aquaporins have revealed reoccurring structural themes in both gating and trafficking, implying a limited number of structural solutions to aquaporin regulation. Moreover, the groundbreaking subangstrom resolution structure of a yeast aquaporin allows hydrogens to be visualized in the water-conducting channel, providing exclusive new insights into the proton exclusion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kreida
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Centre for Protein Molecular Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Susanna Törnroth-Horsefield
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Centre for Protein Molecular Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Boj M, Chauvigné F, Cerdà J. Aquaporin biology of spermatogenesis and sperm physiology in mammals and teleosts. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2015; 229:93-108. [PMID: 26338872 DOI: 10.1086/bblv229n1p93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluid homeostasis is recognized as a critical factor during the development, maturation, and function of vertebrate male germ cells. These processes have been associated with the presence of multiple members of the aquaporin superfamily of water and solute channels in different cell types along the reproductive tract as well as in spermatozoa. We present a comparative analysis of the existing knowledge of aquaporin biology in the male reproductive tissues of mammals and teleosts. Current data suggest that in both vertebrate groups, aquaporins may have similar functions during differentiation of spermatozoa in the germinal epithelium, in the concentration and maturation of sperm in the testicular ducts, and in the regulation of osmotically induced volume changes in ejaculated spermatozoa. Recent studies have also provided insight into the possible function of aquaporins beyond water transport, such as in signaling pathways during spermatogenesis or the sensing of cell swelling and mitochondrial peroxide transport in activated sperm. However, an understanding of the specific physiological functions of the various aquaporins during germ cell development and sperm motility, as well as the molecular mechanisms involved, remains elusive. Novel experimental approaches need to be developed to elucidate these processes and to dissect the regulatory intracellular pathways implicated, which will greatly help to uncover the molecular basis of sperm physiology and male fertility in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Boj
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - François Chauvigné
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Biology, Bergen High Technology Centre, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Joan Cerdà
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)-Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; and
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Gregoire F, Lucidi V, Zerrad-Saadi A, Virreira M, Bolaky N, Delforge V, Lemmers A, Donckier V, Devière J, Demetter P, Perret J, Delporte C. Analysis of aquaporin expression in liver with a focus on hepatocytes. Histochem Cell Biol 2015; 144:347-63. [PMID: 26126651 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-015-1341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A deeper understanding of aquaporins (AQPs) expression and transcriptional regulation will provide useful information for liver pathophysiology. We established a complete AQPs mRNA expression profile in human and mouse liver, as well as protein localization of expressed AQPs. Additionally, the modulation of AQPs mRNA levels in response to various agents was determined in human HuH7 cells and in primary culture of mouse hepatocytes. AQP1, AQP3, AQP7, AQP8, and AQP9 mRNA and protein expressions were detected in human liver, while only AQP6 and AQP11 mRNAs were detected. We reported for the first time the localization of AQP3 in Kupffer cells, AQP7 in hepatocytes and endothelial cells, and AQP9 in cholangiocytes. In addition, we confirmed the localization of AQP1 in endothelial cells, and of AQP8 and AQP9 in hepatocytes. On HuH7 cells, we reported the presence of AQP4 mRNA, confirmed the presence of AQP3, AQP7, and AQP11 mRNAs, but not of AQP8 mRNA. On primary culture of murine hepatocytes, AQP1 and AQP7 mRNAs were identified, while the presence of AQP3, AQP8, AQP9, and AQP11 mRNAs was confirmed. At the protein level, murine endothelial liver cells expressed AQP1 and AQP9, while hepatocytes expressed AQP3, AQP7, AQP8, and AQP9, and macrophages expressed AQP3. Dexamethasone, forskolin, AICAR, rosiglitazone, octanoylated, and non-octanoylated ghrelin regulated some AQP expression in primary culture of murine hepatocytes and human HuH7 cells. Additional studies will be required to further assess the role of AQPs expression in human and murine liver and understand the transcriptional regulation of AQPs in hepatocytes under pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Gregoire
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valério Lucidi
- Digestive Oncology Department, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amal Zerrad-Saadi
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Myrna Virreira
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nargis Bolaky
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valérie Delforge
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lemmers
- Gastroenterology Department, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Donckier
- Digestive Oncology Department, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jacques Devière
- Gastroenterology Department, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pieter Demetter
- Anatomopathology Department, Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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50
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Molinas SM, Soria LR, Marrone J, Danielli M, Trumper L, Marinelli RA. Acidosis-induced downregulation of hepatocyte mitochondrial aquaporin-8 and ureagenesis from ammonia. Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 93:417-20. [PMID: 26194146 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that, during metabolic acidosis, the liver downregulates mitochondrial ammonia detoxification via ureagenesis, a bicarbonate-consuming process. Since we previously demonstrated that hepatocyte mitochondrial aquaporin-8 channels (mtAQP8) facilitate the uptake of ammonia and its metabolism into urea, we studied whether mtAQP8 is involved in the liver adaptive response to acidosis. Primary cultured rat hepatocytes were adapted to acidosis by exposing them to culture medium at pH 7.0 for 40 h. Control cells were exposed to pH 7.4. Hepatocytes exposed to acid medium showed a decrease in mtAQP8 protein expression (-30%, p < 0.05). Ureagenesis from ammonia was assessed by incubating the cells with (15)N-labeled ammonia and measuring (15)N-labeled urea synthesis by nuclear magnetic resonance. Reduced ureagenesis was found in acidified hepatocytes (-31%, p < 0.05). In vivo studies in rats subjected to 7 days acidosis also showed decreased protein expression of hepatic mtAQP8 (-50%, p < 0.05) and reduced liver urea content (-35%; p < 0.05). In conclusion, our in vitro and in vivo data suggest that hepatic mtAQP8 expression is downregulated in acidosis, a mechanism that may contribute to decreased ureagenesis from ammonia in response to acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Molinas
- a Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, (2000) Rosario, Argentina.,b Farmacología. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, (2000) Rosario, Argentina
| | - Leandro R Soria
- a Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, (2000) Rosario, Argentina
| | - Julieta Marrone
- a Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, (2000) Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mauro Danielli
- a Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, (2000) Rosario, Argentina
| | - Laura Trumper
- b Farmacología. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, (2000) Rosario, Argentina.,c Consejo de Investigaciones de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario (CIUNR)
| | - Raúl A Marinelli
- a Instituto de Fisiología Experimental, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, (2000) Rosario, Argentina
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