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Chen XJ, Liu SY, Li SM, Feng JK, Hu Y, Cheng XZ, Hou CZ, Xu Y, Hu M, Feng L, Xiao L. The recent advance and prospect of natural source compounds for the treatment of heart failure. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27110. [PMID: 38444481 PMCID: PMC10912389 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a continuously developing syndrome of cardiac insufficiency caused by diseases, which becomes a major disease endangering human health as well as one of the main causes of death in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The occurrence of heart failure is related to hemodynamic abnormalities, neuroendocrine hormones, myocardial damage, myocardial remodeling etc, lead to the clinical manifestations including dyspnea, fatigue and fluid retention with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Currently available drugs such as cardiac glycoside, diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, vasodilator and β receptor blocker etc are widely used for the treatment of heart failure. In particular, natural products and related active ingredients have the characteristics of mild efficacy, low toxicity, multi-target comprehensive efficacy, and have obvious advantages in restoring cardiac function, reducing energy disorder and improving quality of life. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent advance including mechanisms and active ingredients of natural products for the treatment of heart failure, which will provide the inspiration for the development of more potent clinical drugs against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Juan Chen
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Si-Yuan Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Si-Ming Li
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | | | - Ying Hu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Cheng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Hou
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yun Xu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mu Hu
- Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ling Feng
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang’anmen Hospital, Beijing, 100053, China
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Chen C, Wang J, Zhu X, Hu J, Liu C, Liu L. Energy metabolism and redox balance: How phytochemicals influence heart failure treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116136. [PMID: 38215694 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart Failure (HF) epitomizes a formidable global health quandary characterized by marked morbidity and mortality. It has been established that severe derangements in energy metabolism are central to the pathogenesis of HF, culminating in an inadequate cardiac energy milieu, which, in turn, precipitates cardiac pump dysfunction and systemic energy metabolic failure, thereby steering the trajectory and potential recuperation of HF. The conventional therapeutic paradigms for HF predominantly target amelioration of heart rate, and cardiac preload and afterload, proffering symptomatic palliation or decelerating the disease progression. However, the realm of therapeutics targeting the cardiac energy metabolism remains largely uncharted. This review delineates the quintessential characteristics of cardiac energy metabolism in healthy hearts, and the metabolic aberrations observed during HF, alongside the associated metabolic pathways and targets. Furthermore, we delve into the potential of phytochemicals in rectifying the redox disequilibrium and the perturbations in energy metabolism observed in HF. Through an exhaustive analysis of recent advancements, we underscore the promise of phytochemicals in modulating these pathways, thereby unfurling a novel vista on HF therapeutics. Given their potential in orchestrating cardiac energy metabolism, phytochemicals are emerging as a burgeoning frontier for HF treatment. The review accentuates the imperative for deeper exploration into how these phytochemicals specifically intervene in cardiac energy metabolism, and the subsequent translation of these findings into clinical applications, thereby broadening the horizon for HF treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Liu R, Zhong L, Wang C, Sun Y, Ru W, Dai W, Yang S, Zhong A, Xie X, Chen X, Li S. MiR-3646 accelerates inflammatory response of Ang II-induced hVSMCs via CYP2J2/EETs axis in hypertension model. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2166948. [PMID: 36751048 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2166948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory response of human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs) is a driving factor in hypertension progression. It has been reported that miR-3646 was significantly up-regulated in serum samples from patients with coronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction mice. However, its role and underlying molecular mechanism related to inflammatory response of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hVSMCs remain unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms related to inflammatory response of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hVSMCs. METHODS Ang II-induced hypertension model was established after hVSMCs treated with 1 μM Ang II at 24 h. The interaction between microRNA 3646 (miR-3646) and cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) was assessed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. MTS assay, Lipid Peroxidation MDA Assay Kit, ELISA, Western blot, and qRT-PCR were performed to examine viability, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, inflammatory cytokine levels, and the level of genes and proteins. RESULTS Our findings illustrated that miR-3646 was up-regulated but CYP2J2 was down-regulated in Ang II-induced hVSMCs. Mechanically, miR-3646 negatively targeted to CYP2J2 in Ang II-induced hVSMCs. These findings indicated that miR-3646 regulated inflammatory response of Ang II-induced hVSMCs via targeting CYP2J2. Moreover, functional researches showed that CYP2J2 overexpression alleviated inflammatory response of Ang II-induced hVSMCs via epoxyeicosatrienoic acids/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (EETs/PPARγ) axis, and miR-3646 aggravated inflammatory response of Ang II-induced hVSMCs via mediating CYP2J2/EETs axis. CONCLUSION MiR-3646 accelerated inflammatory response of Ang II-induced hVSMCs via CYP2J2/EETs axis. Our findings illustrated the specific molecular mechanism of miR-3646 regulating hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Liying Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yehai Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Wunjuan Ru
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - XiuMei Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - XiaoBin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Shundong Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, Hunan Province, P.R. China
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Huang X, Ji Q, She CY, Cheng Y, Zhou JR, Wu QM. Ophiopogonin D ameliorates non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease in high‑fat diet‑induced obese mice by improving lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:418. [PMID: 37602303 PMCID: PMC10433434 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolic disorders, oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver are key steps in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Ophiopogonin D (OP-D), the main active ingredient of Ophiopogon japonicus, exhibits several pharmacological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the role of OP-D in NAFLD in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model. To investigate the effect of OP-D on NAFLD in vivo, a NAFLD mouse model was established following feeding mice with HFD, then the mice were randomly treated with HFD or HFD + OP-D for 4 weeks. Subsequently, primary mouse hepatocytes were isolated, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis were used for assessment to explore the direct effect of OP-D in vitro. The results of the present study indicated that OP-D could ameliorate NAFLD in HFD-induced obese mice by regulating lipid metabolism and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. Additionally, OP-D treatment decreased lipogenesis and inflammation levels in vitro, suggesting that the NF-κB signaling pathway may be involved in the beneficial effects of OP-D on NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
| | - Qi Ji
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Yi She
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Rong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Ming Wu
- Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
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5
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Chen J, Wei X, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Xia G, Xia H, Wang L, Shang H, Lin S. The traditional Chinese medicines treat chronic heart failure and their main bioactive constituents and mechanisms. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:1919-1955. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
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6
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Lipid mediators generated by the cytochrome P450—Epoxide hydrolase pathway. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:327-373. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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7
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Cheng W, Cui C, Liu G, Ye C, Shao F, Bagchi AK, Mehta JL, Wang X. NF-κB, A Potential Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2022; 37:571-584. [PMID: 35796905 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Atherosclerosis is the basis of major CVDs - myocardial ischemia, heart failure, and stroke. Among numerous functional molecules, the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) has been linked to downstream target genes involved in atherosclerosis. The activation of the NF-κB family and its downstream target genes in response to environmental and cellular stress, hypoxia, and ischemia initiate different pathological events such as innate and adaptive immunity, and cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. Thus, NF-κB is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of atherosclerosis and related CVDs. Several biologics and small molecules as well as peptide/proteins have been shown to regulate NF-κB dependent signaling pathways. In this review, we will focus on the function of NF-κB in CVDs and the role of NF-κB inhibitors in the treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Chenji Ye
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Fang Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ashim K Bagchi
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China. .,Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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8
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Wang L, Yang H, Qiao L, Liu J, Liao X, Huang H, Dong J, Chen J, Chen D, Wang J. Ophiopogonin D Inhibiting Epithelial NF-κB Signaling Pathway Protects Against Experimental Colitis in Mice. Inflammation 2022; 45:1720-1731. [PMID: 35460395 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The sustained activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway has been observed in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Ophiopogonin D (OP-D) is a small molecular compound isolated from Ophiopogon japonicus, a widely used herbal remedy. In this study, dextran sodium sulfate was used to make a mouse model of experimental colitis and verify the effect of OP-D on the mouse model of experimental colitis. Small molecule-protein molecular docking approaches were also used to discover the mechanisms underlying the OP-D-induced regulation of colitis. In colitis, the OP-D can inhibit the apoptosis of intestinal mucosa cells, restore the intestinal barrier, and alleviate inflammation. The molecular docking simulations showed that OP-D had a high affinity with the REL-homology domain of NF-κB-p65 that affected its translocation to the nucleus. In a cell study, the effects of OP-D on inflammation and barrier dysfunction were significantly decreased by a small interfering RNA targeting NF-κB-p65. Further, the LPS-induced increase in NF-κB-p65 in the nucleus was also significantly inhibited by OP-D. OP-D alleviated experimental colitis by inhibiting NF-κB. New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment options of colitis are provided through this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Huibin Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Jiani Liu
- Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liao
- Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Huan Huang
- Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jianyi Dong
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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9
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Liu K, Liu D, Cui W. Protective Effect and Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:6121407. [PMID: 35399643 PMCID: PMC8991389 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6121407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
After acute myocardial infarction, early restoration of myocardial perfusion by thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary intervention is the most effective way to reduce the size of myocardial infarction and improve clinical outcomes. However, recovery of blood flow to the ischemic myocardium may cause ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, a phenomenon that instead reduces the efficacy of myocardial reperfusion. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and has shown remarkable efficacy. Many studies have shown that some TCMs and their active components can exert protective effects against myocardial I/R injury through different mechanisms. This review summarized the protective mechanisms and current research advances of TCMs in myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Liu
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Demin Liu
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Cardiology Department, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
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10
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Ye H, He Y, Zheng C, Wang F, Yang M, Lin J, Xu R, Zhang D. Type 2 Diabetes Complicated With Heart Failure: Research on Therapeutic Mechanism and Potential Drug Development Based on Insulin Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:816588. [PMID: 35308248 PMCID: PMC8927800 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.816588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and heart failure (HF) are diseases characterized by high morbidity and mortality. They often occur simultaneously and increase the risk of each other. T2DM complicated with HF, as one of the most dangerous disease combinations in modern medicine, is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, making the treatment more difficult. At present, the combination of blood glucose control and anti-heart failure is a common therapy for patients with T2DM complicated with HF, but their effect is not ideal, and many hypoglycemic drugs have the risk of heart failure. Abnormal insulin signaling pathway, as a common pathogenic mechanism in T2DM and HF, could lead to pathological features such as insulin resistance (IR), myocardial energy metabolism disorders, and vascular endothelial disorders. The therapy based on the insulin signaling pathway may become a specific therapeutic target for T2DM patients with HF. Here, we reviewed the mechanisms and potential drugs of insulin signaling pathway in the treatment of T2DM complicated with HF, with a view to opening up a new perspective for the treatment of T2DM patients with HF and the research and development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanan He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovation Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovation Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Runchun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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11
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14,15-EET involved in the development of diabetic cardiac hypertrophy mediated by PPARs. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 159:106620. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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12
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Frömel T, Naeem Z, Pirzeh L, Fleming I. Cytochrome P450-derived fatty acid epoxides and diols in angiogenesis and stem cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 234:108049. [PMID: 34848204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are frequently referred to as the third pathway for the metabolism of arachidonic acid. While it is true that these enzymes generate arachidonic acid epoxides i.e. the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), they are able to accept a wealth of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to generate a large range of regio- and stereo-isomers with distinct biochemical properties and physiological actions. Probably the best studied are the EETs which have well documented effects on vascular reactivity and angiogenesis. CYP enzymes can also participate in crosstalk with other PUFA pathways and metabolize prostaglandin G2 and H2, which are the precursors of effector prostaglandins, to affect macrophage function and lymphangiogenesis. The activity of the PUFA epoxides is thought to be kept in check by the activity of epoxide hydrolases. However, rather than being inactive, the diols generated have been shown to regulate neutrophil activation, stem and progenitor cell proliferation and Notch signaling in addition to acting as exercise-induced lipokines. Excessive production of PUFA diols has also been implicated in pathologies such as severe respiratory distress syndromes, including COVID-19, and diabetic retinopathy. This review highlights some of the recent findings related to this pathway that affect angiogenesis and stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Frömel
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zumer Naeem
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lale Pirzeh
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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13
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Siti HN, Jalil J, Asmadi AY, Kamisah Y. Parkia speciosa Hassk. Empty Pod Extract Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy in H9c2 Cells by Modulating the Ang II/ROS/NO Axis and MAPK Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:741623. [PMID: 34721028 PMCID: PMC8551585 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.741623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is characteristic of heart failure in patients who have experienced cardiac remodeling. Many medicinal plants, including Parkia speciosa Hassk., have documented cardioprotective effects against such pathologies. This study investigated the activity of P. speciosa empty pod extract against cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyocytes exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II). In particular, its role in modulating the Ang II/reactive oxygen species/nitric oxide (Ang II/ROS/NO) axis and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was examined. Treatment with the extract (12.5, 25, and 50 μg/ml) prevented Ang II-induced increases in cell size, NADPH oxidase activity, B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and reactive oxygen species and reductions in superoxide dismutase activity. These were comparable to the effects of the valsartan positive control. However, the extract did not significantly ameliorate the effects of Ang II on inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and nitric oxide levels, while valsartan did confer such protection. Although the extract decreased the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-related kinase, p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, valsartan only decreased phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase expression. Phytochemical screening identified the flavonoids rutin (1) and quercetin (2) in the extract. These findings suggest that P. speciosa empty pod extract protects against Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, possibly by modulating the Ang II/ROS/NO axis and MAPK signaling pathway via a mechanism distinct from valsartan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawa Nordin Siti
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Yusof Asmadi
- Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defense Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yusof Kamisah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Cardiovacular Health Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Cheng C, Yu X. Research Progress in Chinese Herbal Medicines for Treatment of Sepsis: Pharmacological Action, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacokinetics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11078. [PMID: 34681737 PMCID: PMC8540716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection; the pathophysiology of sepsis is complex. The incidence of sepsis is steadily increasing, with worldwide mortality ranging between 30% and 50%. Current treatment approaches mainly rely on the timely and appropriate administration of antimicrobials and supportive therapies, but the search for pharmacotherapies modulating the host response has been unsuccessful. Chinese herbal medicines, i.e., Chinese patent medicines, Chinese herbal prescriptions, and single Chinese herbs, play an important role in the treatment of sepsis through multicomponent, multipathway, and multitargeting abilities and have been officially recommended for the management of COVID-19. Chinese herbal medicines have therapeutic actions promising for the treatment of sepsis; basic scientific research on these medicines is increasing. However, the material bases of most Chinese herbal medicines and their underlying mechanisms of action have not yet been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the current studies of Chinese herbal medicines used for the treatment of sepsis in terms of clinical efficacy and safety, pharmacological activity, phytochemistry, bioactive constituents, mechanisms of action, and pharmacokinetics, to provide an important foundation for clarifying the pathogenesis of sepsis and developing novel antisepsis drugs based on Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China;
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15
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Zhang YX, Qu SS, Zhang LH, Gu YY, Chen YH, Huang ZY, Liu MH, Zou W, Jiang J, Chen JQ, Wang YJ, Zhou FH. The Role of Ophiopogonin D in Atherosclerosis: Impact on Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:1449-1471. [PMID: 34263719 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota has been proven to play an important role in many metabolic diseases and cardiovascular disease, particularly atherosclerosis. Ophiopogonin D (OPD), one of the effective compounds in Ophiopogon japonicus, is considered beneficial to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we have illuminated the effect of OPD in ApoE knockout (ApoE[Formula: see text] mice on the development of atherosclerosis and gut microbiota. To investigate the potential ability of OPD to alleviate atherosclerosis, 24 eight-week-old male ApoE[Formula: see text] mice (C57BL/6 background) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, and 8 male C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet, serving as the control group. ApoE[Formula: see text] mice were randomly divided into the model group, OPD group, and simvastatin group ([Formula: see text]= 8). After treatment for 12 consecutive weeks, the results showed that OPD treatment significantly decreased the plaque formation and levels of serum lipid compared with those in the model group. In addition, OPD improved oral glucose tolerance and insulin resistance as well as reducing hepatocyte steatosis. Further analysis revealed that OPD might attenuate atherosclerosis through inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation and the consequent lipid metabolism signaling pathways mediated by SREBP1 and SCD1 in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, OPD treatment led to significant structural changes in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in HFD-fed mice and reduced the relative abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae genera associated with cholesterol metabolism. Collectively, these findings illustrate that OPD could significantly protect against atherosclerosis, which might be associated with the moderation of lipid metabolism and alterations in gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xin Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Qu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510310, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Yan Gu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Hao Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Hua Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research, Prevention and Treatment Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha 410008, P. R. China
| | - Jing Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Qi Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jue Wang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Administration Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Hua Zhou
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510920, P. R. China
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Fu Z, Wang F, Liu X, Hu J, Su J, Lu X, Lu A, Cho JM, Symons JD, Zou CJ, Yang T. Soluble (pro)renin receptor induces endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in mice with diet-induced obesity via activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:793-810. [PMID: 33625485 PMCID: PMC9215112 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Until now, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) hyperactivity was largely thought to result from angiotensin II (Ang II)-dependent stimulation of the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Here we assessed the role of soluble (pro)renin receptor (sPRR), a product of site-1 protease-mediated cleavage of (pro)renin receptor (PRR), as a possible ligand of the AT1R in mediating: (i) endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro and (ii) arterial dysfunction in mice with diet-induced obesity. Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with a recombinant histidine-tagged sPRR (sPRR-His) exhibited IκBα degradation concurrent with NF-κB p65 activation. These responses were secondary to sPRR-His evoked elevations in Nox4-derived H2O2 production that resulted in inflammation, apoptosis and reduced NO production. Each of these sPRR-His-evoked responses was attenuated by AT1R inhibition using Losartan (Los) but not ACE inhibition using captopril (Cap). Further mechanistic exploration revealed that sPRR-His activated AT1R downstream Gq signaling pathway. Immunoprecipitation coupled with autoradiography experiments and radioactive ligand competitive binding assays indicate sPRR directly interacts with AT1R via Lysine199 and Asparagine295. Important translational relevance was provided by findings from obese C57/BL6 mice that sPRR-His evoked endothelial dysfunction was sensitive to Los. Besides, sPRR-His elevated blood pressure in obese C57/BL6 mice, an effect that was reversed by concurrent treatment with Los but not Cap. Collectively, we provide solid evidence that the AT1R mediates the functions of sPRR during obesity-related hypertension. Inhibiting sPRR signaling should be considered further as a potential therapeutic intervention in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disorders involving elevated blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Fu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Xiyang Liu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiajia Hu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiahui Su
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaohan Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Aihua Lu
- Institute of Hypertension, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Molecular Medicine Program; University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - J. David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Molecular Medicine Program; University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Chang-Jiang Zou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Tianxin Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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17
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Yao W, Wang K, Wang X, Li X, Dong J, Zhang Y, Ding X. Icariin ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in type 1 diabetic rats by suppressing ER stress via the PPARα/Sirt1/AMPKα pathway. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:1889-1902. [PMID: 32770555 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Icariin (ICA), as a flavonoid glycoside, is associated with the improvement of vascular complications in diabetes. However, its protective mechanisms remain to be well-established. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ICA attenuates vascular endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in type 1 diabetes. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, ICA positively affected acetylcholine-induced vasodilation and phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in aortas. ICA treatment significantly attenuated ER stress in diabetic rats and high-glucose induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Incubation with ICA in vitro attenuated vascular reactivity in diabetic rats, which was blocked by the ER stress inducer, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), sirtuin1 (Sirt1), or AMP-activated protein kinase-α (AMPKα) inhibitors. Western blot showed that ICA activated the PPARα/Sirt1/AMPKα pathway, which contributed to reducing ER stress and activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vivo and vitro. Our results implicate that ICA normalizes ER stress to attenuate endothelial dysfunction by the regulation of the PPARα/Sirt1/AMPKα pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Yao
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiniao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinran Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieyan Dong
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuansheng Ding
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Fu M, Yu J, Chen Z, Tang Y, Dong R, Yang Y, Luo J, Hu S, Tu L, Xu X. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids improve glucose homeostasis by preventing NF-κB-mediated transcription of SGLT2 in renal tubular epithelial cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 523:111149. [PMID: 33387601 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) can regulate glucose homeostasis, but the specific mechanisms need further exploration. The sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) is highly expressed in diabetic kidneys, which further promotes renal reabsorption of glucose to respond to the hyperglycemic state of diabetes. Herein, whether EETs can be a latent inhibitor of SGLT2 to regulate glucose homeostasis in diabetic state needs to be elucidated. Our study demonstrated that EETs attenuated the glucose reabsorption via renal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic mice, which partly accounted for the beneficial effects of EETs on glucose homeostasis. Moreover, 14,15-EET suppressed SGLT2 expression in both diabetic kidney and renal tubular epithelial cells. Further, inhibition of NF-κB with BAY 11-7082 decreased insulin-induced SGLT2 expression while NF-κB overexpression reversed the above effects. In addition, 14,15-EET attenuated SGLT2 expression via inactivating NF-κB. Mechanistically, 14,15-EET attenuated NF-κB mediated SGLT2 transcription at the -1821/-1812 P65-binding site. These results showed that EETs ameliorated glucose homeostasis via preventing NF-κB-mediated transcription of SGLT2 in renal tubular epithelial cells, providing a unique therapeutic strategy for insulin resistance and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Fu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruolan Dong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jinlan Luo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuiqing Hu
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling Tu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Xizhen Xu
- Division of Cardiology and Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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19
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Xu HH, Jiang ZH, Huang CS, Sun YT, Xu LL, Tang XL, Tan HL, Ma ZC, Gao Y. Global metabolomic and lipidomic analysis reveals the potential mechanisms of hemolysis effect of Ophiopogonin D and Ophiopogonin D' in vivo. Chin Med 2021; 16:3. [PMID: 33407692 PMCID: PMC7787624 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OPD and OPD' are the two main active components of Ophiopogon japonicas in Shenmai injection (SMI). Being isomers of each other, they are supposed to have similar pharmacological activities, but the actual situation is complicated. The difference of hemolytic behavior between OPD and OPD' in vivo and in vitro was discovered and reported by our group for the first time. In vitro, only OPD' showed hemolysis reaction, while in vivo, both OPD and OPD' caused hemolysis. In vitro, the primary cause of hemolysis has been confirmed to be related to the difference between physical and chemical properties of OPD and OPD'. In vivo, although there is a possible explanation for this phenomenon, the one is that OPD is bio-transformed into OPD' or its analogues in vivo, the other one is that both OPD and OPD' were metabolized into more activated forms for hemolysis. However, the mechanism of hemolysis in vivo is still unclear, especially the existing literature are still difficult to explain why OPD shows the inconsistent hemolysis behavior in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the study of hemolysis of OPD and OPD' in vivo is of great practical significance in response to the increase of adverse events of SMI. METHODS Aiming at the hemolysis in vivo, this manuscript adopted untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics technology to preliminarily explore the changes of plasma metabolites and lipids of OPD- and OPD'-treated rats. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses were performed on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) system tandem with different mass spectrometers (MS) and different columns respectively. Multivariate statistical approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied to screen the differential metabolites and lipids. RESULTS Both OPD and OPD' groups experienced hemolysis, Changes in endogenous differential metabolites and differential lipids, enrichment of differential metabolic pathways, and correlation analysis of differential metabolites and lipids all indicated that the causes of hemolysis by OPD and OPD' were closely related to the interference of phospholipid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a comprehensive description of metabolomics and lipidomics changes between OPD- and OPD'-treated rats, it would add to the knowledge base of the field, which also provided scientific guidance for the subsequent mechanism research. However, the underlying mechanism require further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Hua Xu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhen-Hong Jiang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Cong-Shu Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Ting Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Long-Long Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.,College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xiang-Ling Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hong-Ling Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zeng-Chun Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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20
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Differences in the Hemolytic Behavior of Two Isomers in Ophiopogon japonicus In Vitro and In Vivo and Their Risk Warnings. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2020:8870656. [PMID: 33381274 PMCID: PMC7755485 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8870656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ophiopogonin D (OPD) and Ophiopogonin D′ (OPD′) are two bioactive ingredients in Ophiopogon japonicus. Previously published studies have often focused on the therapeutic effects related to OPD's antioxidant capacity but underestimated the cytotoxicity-related side effects of OPD′, which may result in unpredictable risks. In this study, we reported another side effect of OPD′, hemolysis, and what was unexpected was that this side effect also appeared with OPD. Although hemolysis effects for saponins are familiar to researchers, the hemolytic behavior of OPD or OPD′ and the interactions between these two isomers are unique. Therefore, we investigated the effects of OPD and OPD′ alone or in combination on the hemolytic behavior in vitro and in vivo and adopted chemical compatibility and proteomics methods to explain the potential mechanism. Meanwhile, to explain the drug-drug interactions (DDIs), molecular modeling was applied to explore the possible common targets. In this study, we reported that OPD′ caused hemolysis both in vitro and in vivo, while OPD only caused hemolysis in vivo. We clarified the differences and DDIs in the hemolytic behavior of the two isomers. An analysis of the underlying mechanism governing this phenomenon showed that hemolysis caused by OPD or OPD′ was related to the destruction of the redox balance of erythrocytes. In vivo, in addition to the redox imbalance, the proteomics data demonstrated that lipid metabolic disorders and mitochondrial energy metabolism are extensively involved by hemolysis. We provided a comprehensive description of the hemolysis of two isomers in Ophiopogon japonicus, and risk warnings related to hemolysis were presented. Our research also provided a positive reference for the development and further research of such bioactive components.
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Ophiopogonin D Increases SERCA2a Interaction with Phospholamban by Promoting CYP2J3 Upregulation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8857906. [PMID: 33488937 PMCID: PMC7790559 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8857906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ophiopogonin D (OPD), a compound from the Chinese herb Radix Ophiopogonis, reportedly induces increased levels of cytochrome P450 2J3 (CYP2J3)/epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and Ca2+ in rat cardiomyocytes. Little is known regarding the specific mechanism between CYP2J3 and Ca2+ homeostasis. Here, we investigated whether CYP2J3 is involved in the protective action of OPD on the myocardium by activating the Ca2+ homeostasis-related protein complex (SERCA2a and PLB) in H9c2 rat cardiomyoblast cells. The interaction between SERCA2a and PLB was measured using fluorescence resonance energy transfer. OPD attenuated heart failure and catalyzed the active transport of Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum by inducing the phosphorylation of PLB and promoting the SERCA2a activity. These beneficial effects of OPD on heart failure were abolished after knockdown of CYP2J3 in a model of heart failure. Together, our results identify CYP2J3 as a critical intracellular target for OPD and unravel a mechanism of CYP2J3-dependent regulation of intracellular Ca2+.
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Qiao Y, Jiao H, Wang F, Niu H. Ophiopogonin D of Ophiopogon japonicus ameliorates renal function by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory response in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e9628. [PMID: 32520209 PMCID: PMC7279694 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ophiopogonin D (OP-D) is the principal pharmacologically active ingredient from Ophiopogon japonicas, which has been demonstrated to have numerous pharmacological activities. However, its protective effect against renal damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats remains unclear. The present study was performed to investigate the protective effect of OP-D in the STZ-induced DN rat model. DN rats showed renal dysfunction, as evidenced by decreased serum albumin and creatinine clearance, along with increases in serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, TGF-β1, and kidney hypertrophy, and these were reversed by OP-D. In addition, STZ induced oxidative damage and inflammatory response in diabetic kidney tissue. These abnormalities were reversed by OP-D treatment. The findings obtained in the present study indicated that OP-D might possess the potential to be a therapeutic agent against DN via inhibiting renal inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Qiao
- Nephrology Department, Heping Hospital affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Haiyan Jiao
- Nephrology Department, Heping Hospital affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Nephrology Department, Heping Hospital affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Huimin Niu
- Nephrology Department, Heping Hospital affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Dos Santos LRB, Fleming I. Role of cytochrome P450-derived, polyunsaturated fatty acid mediators in diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 148:106407. [PMID: 31899373 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, cases of metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes have increased exponentially. Exercise and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diets are usually prescribed but no therapy is effectively able to restore the impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia encountered by diabetic patients. PUFAs are metabolized by different enzymes into bioactive metabolites with anti- or pro-inflammatory activity. One important class of PUFA metabolizing enzymes are the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes that can generate a series of bioactive products, many of which have been attributed protective/anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects in animal models. PUFA epoxides are, however, further metabolized by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to fatty acid diols. The biological actions of the latter are less well understood but while low concentrations may be biologically important, higher concentrations of diols derived from linoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have been linked with inflammation. One potential application for sEH inhibitors is in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy where sEH expression and activity is elevated as are levels of a diol of docosahexaenoic acid that can induce the destabilization of the retina vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila R B Dos Santos
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany.
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24
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Fleming I. New Lipid Mediators in Retinal Angiogenesis and Retinopathy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:739. [PMID: 31333461 PMCID: PMC6624440 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal diseases associated with vascular destabilization and the inappropriate proliferation of retinal endothelial cells have major consequences on the retinal vascular network. In extreme cases, the development of hypoxia, the upregulation of growth factors, and the hyper-proliferation of unstable capillaries can result in bleeding and vision loss. While anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy and laser retinal photocoagulation can be used to treat the symptoms of late stage disease, there is currently no treatment available that can prevent disease progression. Cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolize endogenous substrates (polyunsaturated fatty acids) to bioactive fatty acid epoxides that demonstrate biological activity with generally protective/anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. These epoxides are further metabolized by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to fatty acid diols, high concentrations of which have vascular destabilizing effects. Recent studies have identified increased sEH expression and activity and the subsequent generation of the docosahexaenoic acid-derived diol; 19,20-dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid, as playing a major role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. This review summarizes current understanding of the roles of cytochrome P450 enzyme and sEH–derived PUFA mediators in retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
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The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Treating Coronary Heart Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3231424. [PMID: 30918578 PMCID: PMC6409025 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3231424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been closely related with coronary artery disease. In coronary heart disease (CHD), an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production generates endothelial cell and smooth muscle functional disorders, leading to a disequilibrium between the antioxidant capacity and prooxidants. ROS also leads to inflammatory signal activation and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, which can promote and increase the occurrence and development of CHD. There are several kinds of antioxidative and small molecular systems of antioxidants, such as β-carotene, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, and reduced glutathione (GSH). Studies have shown that antioxidant treatment was effective and decreased the risk of CHD, but the effect of the treatment varies greatly. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized for thousands of years in China and is becoming increasingly popular all over the world, especially for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases. This review will concentrate on the evidence of the action mechanism of TCM in preventing CHD by modulating oxidative stress-related signaling pathways.
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Zhang J, Qiu H, Huang J, Ding S, Huang B, Zhou P, Jiang Q. EETs/PPARs activation together mediates the preventive effect of naringenin in high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:1498-1505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities of a purified polysaccharide from flesh of Cipangopaludina chinensis. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 176:152-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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