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Ucuncu MK, Guven K, Yazicioglu O. Investigation of the constituents of commercially available toothpastes. Int J Dent Hyg 2024. [PMID: 38659161 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Toothpaste plays a pivotal role in oral and dental hygiene. This cross-sectional study not only investigates the constituents of toothpastes available in the market and their frequency across different brands but also delves into the potential side effects, irritations, or unfavourable outcomes of these constituents, emphasizing the broader health and environmental implications. METHODS The largest of the five major chain markets in each district of Istanbul was visited, and adult toothpastes were included in this study. All the constituents that make up the toothpaste were individually recorded in an Excel database. Subsequently, literature regarding the purposes, toxic and potential side effects of each ingredient was gathered using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect. The percentages of these ingredients' occurrence among all the toothpastes were calculated, and the ingredients were categorized into 15 distinct groups based on their usage purposes. RESULTS There were 160 different varieties of toothpaste belonging to 19 different brands on the market shelves. Although a total of 244 different ingredients were identified, only 78 of them were included in the study. Among the analysed toothpaste types, 105 of them were found to contain 1450 ppm fluoride, whilst 26 toothpaste variants were discovered to have fluoride levels below this value. Among the various ingredients analysed, particular attention was drawn to commonly debated compounds in oral care products. Specifically, titanium dioxide was found in 68% (n = 111) of the varieties, sodium lauryl sulphate in 67% (n = 108) and paraben in 2% (n = 4), respectively. CONCLUSION Whilst certain ingredients may raise concerns for potential side effects and health considerations within the human body, the toothpaste has long been regarded as an indispensable tool for maintaining optimal oral and dental health. However, gaining a deeper understanding and conducting research on each constituent that comprises the toothpaste, as well as raising awareness in this regard, holds significant importance for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musa Kazim Ucuncu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Oktay Yazicioglu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Asejeje FO, Alade TF, Oyibo A, Abolaji AO. Toxicological assessment of sodium benzoate in Drosophila melanogaster. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23586. [PMID: 37986221 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Sodium benzoate (SB), the sodium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative with wide applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries due to its ability to kill many microorganisms effectively. Experimental evidence however suggests that excessive intake of SB poses detrimental health risks among consumers in the population. The present study investigated the toxic effects of various concentrations of SB using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Adult wild-type flies of Canton S strain (1- to 3-days old) was orally exposed to SB (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 mg/5 g diet) to evaluate survival rates for 21 days. Thereafter, we evaluated markers of oxidative stress, antioxidant status and behavioral activity in D. melanogaster exposed to SB for seven (7) days. We observed that SB (2.0 and 5.0 mg/5 g diet) decreased the survival of D. melanogaster. Also, SB inhibited glutathione-S-transferase activity and depleted total thiols and nonprotein thiols contents. Moreover, SB (5 mg/5 g diet) increased nitric oxide (nitrite/nitrate) level and reduced flies' emergence rate. Conclusively, findings from this study revealed that exposure to high concentrations of SB reduced survival rate and induced toxicity via the induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of antioxidant enzymes in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake O Asejeje
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Timilehin F Alade
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University Oyo, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Aghogho Oyibo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Chrisland University, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Amos O Abolaji
- Drosophila Laboratory. Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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3
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Hou Y, Liu X, Qin Y, Hou Y, Hou J, Wu Q, Xu W. Zebrafish as model organisms for toxicological evaluations in the field of food science. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3481-3505. [PMID: 37458294 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Food safety has long been an area of concern. The selection of stable and efficient model organisms is particularly important for food toxicology studies. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are small model vertebrates, and 70% of human genes have at least one zebrafish ortholog. Zebrafish have advantages as model organisms due to their short life cycle, strong reproductive ability, easy rearing, and low cost. Zebrafish embryos have the advantage of being sensitive to the breeding environment and thus have been used as biosensors. Zebrafish and their embryos have been widely used for food toxicology assessments. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive summary of food toxicology studies using zebrafish as model organisms. First, we briefly introduce the multidimensional mechanisms and structure-activity relationship studies of food toxicological assessment. Second, we categorize these studies according to eight types of hazards in foods, including mycotoxins, pesticides, antibiotics, heavy metals, endocrine disruptors, food additives, nanoparticles, and other food-related ingredients. Finally, we list the applications of zebrafish in food toxicology studies in line with future research prospects, aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers in the field of food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Xixia Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yanlin Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Yaoyao Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjun Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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4
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Zhu B, Wang Z, Lei L, Guo Y, Han J, Zhou B. Transcriptome reveals overview of Ca 2+ dose-dependent metabolism disorders in zebrafish larvae after Cd 2+ exposure. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 125:480-491. [PMID: 36375931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous environmental hazardous heavy metal, poses a significant threat to the health of aquatic organisms, including teleosts. Although the toxic profile of Cd is well recognized, little is known regarding the overall view of toxic responses to varying aquatic environmental parameters (e.g., water hardness) at an individual level. Herein, differences in water hardness were partially mimicked by adjusting Ca2+ levels in E3 medium. As an in vivo model, zebrafish embryos were exposed to variable Ca2+ levels (NV, normal Ca2+; LV, low Ca2+; HV, high Ca2+) alone or combined with 30.7 µg/L Cd2+ (NC, LC, and HC, respectively) until 144 hr post-fertilization. The genome-wide transcriptome revealed differentially expressed genes between groups. Functional enrichment analysis found that biological processes related to metabolism, particularly lipid metabolism, were significantly disrupted in NC and LC treatments, while a remission was observed in the HC group. Biochemical assays confirmed that the decrease in Ca2+ enhanced synthesis, inhibited mobilization and increased the storage of lipids in Cd2+ treatments. This study suggests that the toxic effect of Cd on biological pathways will be influenced by Ca2+, which will improve the toxicological understanding and facilitate accurate assessment of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biran Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ziniu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yongyong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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5
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Akintoye OO, Ajibare AJ, Folawiyo MA, Jimoh-Abdulghaffaar HO, Asuku A, Owolabi GA, Babalola KT. Zinc supplement reverses short-term memory deficit in sodium benzoate-induced neurotoxicity in male Wistar rats by enhancing anti-oxidative capacity via Nrf 2 up-regulation. Behav Brain Res 2023; 437:114163. [PMID: 36265761 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Sodium benzoate (SB) is a commonly-used food preservative, with a controversial report to its neurological benefit and toxicity. Zinc (Zn) is a trace element that plays a crucial role in memory, inflammation and oxidative stress. This study was to investigate the effect of SB on rat cognition and memory and the possible modulatory effect of Zn supplement. Twenty four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of six animals each. Animals in groups 1-4 were treated with normal saline 1 ml/kg, SB 200 mg/kg, zinc sulphate 10 ml/kg and SB 200 mg/kg + zinc sulphate 10 ml/kg/day daily respectively for three weeks. After treatment, the animals were subjected to different behavioural tests, and then sacrificed. Their blood samples were collected for catalase(CAT), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and interleukin-1B(IL-1B) assay. Brain samples were also collected for nuclear factor-erythroid-related factor 2(Nrf2), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) mRNA gene expression. The serum levels of CAT and SOD were (p < 0.0001; p < 0.0001) reduced in the SB only-treated group compared to the other groups. Nrf2 gene expression was totally shut down in the SB only-treated group but, up-regulated in the Zn-treated groups (p < 0.0001). The serum level of IL-1B was higher in the SB only-treated group compared to the other groups. SB-treated group spent longer time in the close arm (p = <0.0001), shorter time in the open arm (p = <0.0001) and had higher anxiety index (p = 0.0045) than the Zn-treated groups. Conclusively, Zinc improves memory deficit, has anxiolytic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Akintoye
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Nigeria.
| | - A J Ajibare
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Nigeria
| | - M A Folawiyo
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Nigeria
| | - H O Jimoh-Abdulghaffaar
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Science, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A Asuku
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agrncy, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - G A Owolabi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Nigeria
| | - K T Babalola
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Leadcity University, Ibadan, Nigeria
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6
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Ketamine, benzoate, and sarcosine for treating depression. Neuropharmacology 2023; 223:109351. [PMID: 36423705 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated the beneficial therapeutic effects of sarcosine, benzoate, and ketamine (including esketamine and arketamine) on depression. These drugs mainly act by modulating N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDARs) and reducing inflammation in the brain. Although ketamine, benzoate, and sarcosine act differently as the antagonists or coagonists of NMDARs, they all have demonstrated efficacy in animal models or human trials. In vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that sarcosine, benzoate, and ketamine exert their anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting microglial activity. This review summarizes and compares the efficacy of the possible therapeutic mechanisms of sarcosine, benzoate, ketamine, esketamine, and arketamine. These compounds act as both NMDAR modulators and anti-inflammatory drugs and thus can be effective in the treatment of depression.
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7
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The Study of a Novel Paeoniflorin-Converting Enzyme from Cunninghamella blakesleeana. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031289. [PMID: 36770956 PMCID: PMC9921665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin is a glycoside compound found in Paeonia lactiflora Pall that is used in traditional herbal medicine and shows various protective effects on the cardio-cerebral vascular system. It has been reported that the pharmacological effects of paeoniflorin might be generated by its metabolites. However, the bioavailability of paeoniflorin by oral administration is low, which greatly limits its clinical application. In this paper, a paeoniflorin-converting enzyme gene (G6046, GenBank accession numbers: OP856858) from Cunninghamella blakesleeana (AS 3.970) was identified by comparative analysis between MS analysis and transcriptomics. The expression, purification, enzyme activity, and structure of the conversion products produced by this paeoniflorin-converting enzyme were studied. The optimal conditions for the enzymatic activity were found to be pH 9, 45 °C, resulting in a specific enzyme activity of 14.56 U/mg. The products were separated and purified by high-performance counter-current chromatography (HPCCC). Two main components were isolated and identified, 2-amino-2-p-hydroxymethyl-methyl alcohol-benzoate (tirs-benzoate) and 1-benzoyloxy-2,3-propanediol (1-benzoyloxypropane-2,3-diol), via UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and NMR. Additionally, paeoniflorin demonstrated the ability to metabolize into benzoic acid via G6046 enzyme, which might exert antidepressant effects through the blood-brain barrier into the brain.
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8
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Guo AD, Chen XH. Genetically Encoded Noncanonical Amino Acids in Proteins to Investigate Lysine Benzoylation. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2676:131-146. [PMID: 37277629 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3251-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of lysine residues are major regulators of gene expression, protein-protein interactions, and protein localization and degradation. Histone lysine benzoylation is a recently identified epigenetic marker associated with active transcription, which has physiological relevance distinct from histone acetylation and can be regulated by debenzoylation of sirtuin 2 (SIRT2). Herein, we provide a protocol for the incorporation of benzoyllysine and fluorinated benzoyllysine into full-length histone proteins, which further serve as benzoylated histone probes with NMR or fluorescence signal for investigating the dynamics of SIRT2-mediated debenzoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Di Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Athinarayanan J, Khaibary AAL, Periasamy VS, Alatiah KA, Shamlan G, Alshatwi AA. Unraveling the physicochemical and toxicological properties of food product isolated
E341
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E171. J Food Saf 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jegan Athinarayanan
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad A. L. Khaibary
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Vaiyapuri Subbarayan Periasamy
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A. Alatiah
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A. Alshatwi
- Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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10
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Duman Erbaş E, Gwokyalya R, Altuntaş H, Kutrup B. Screening the immunotoxicity of different food preservative agents on the model organism Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022:1-11. [PMID: 35758106 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2091589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Immunotoxic effects of sodium benzoate (SB, E211), sodium nitrate (SNa, E251), and sodium nitrite (SNi, E250), a few of the most common food preservatives, on the model organism Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae were investigated in this study. The last instar larvae were used for all experimental analyses. For this purpose, median lethal doses of SB, SNa, and SNi were applied to the larvae by the force-feeding method. We found that force-feeding G. mellonella larvae with SB, SNa, and SNi significantly reduced the larval total hemocyte counts, prohemocyte, and granulocyte ratios but increased plasmatocyte, spherulocyte, and oenocyte ratios, as well as the hemocyte mitotic indices and micronucleus frequency. The spreading ability of hemocytes and hemocyte-mediated immune responses were lower in the SB, SNa-, and SNi-treated larval groups compared to controls. Apoptotic indices were higher in all larval groups treated with food preservatives, but increments in necrotic indices were only significantly higher in SNi-treated larvae compared to controls. Our research shows that SB, SNa, and SNi have immunotoxic and cytotoxic potential on G. mellonella larvae. Thus, we suggest that G. mellonella larvae can be used as preliminary in vivo models to screen the immunotoxic effects of food preservative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Duman Erbaş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rehemah Gwokyalya
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hülya Altuntaş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Bilal Kutrup
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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11
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Dong Y, Ding Z, Song L, Zhang D, Xie C, Zhang S, Feng L, Liu H, Pang Q. Sodium Benzoate Delays the Development of Drosophila melanogaster Larvae and Alters Commensal Microbiota in Adult Flies. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:911928. [PMID: 35814654 PMCID: PMC9257017 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.911928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium benzoate (SB), the sodium salt of benzoic acid, is widely used as a preservative in foods and drinks. The toxicity of SB to the human body attracted people’s attention due to the excessive use of preservatives and the increased consumption of processed and fast foods in modern society. The SB can inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and yeast. However, less is known of the effect of SB on host commensal microbial community compositions and their functions. In this study, we investigated the effect of SB on the growth and development of Drosophila melanogaster larvae and whether SB affects the commensal microbial compositions and functions. We also attempted to clarify the interaction between SB, commensal microbiota and host development by detecting the response of commensal microbiota after the intervention. The results show that SB significantly retarded the development of D. melanogaster larvae, shortened the life span, and changed the commensal microbial community. In addition, SB changed the transcription level of endocrine coding genes such as ERR and DmJHAMT. These results indicate that the slow down in D. melanogaster larvae developmental timing and shortened life span of adult flies caused by SB intake may result from the changes in endocrine hormone levels and commensal microbiota. This study provided experimental data that indicate SB could affect host growth and development of D. melanogaster through altering endocrine hormone levels and commensal microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Dong
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
- *Correspondence: Yuling Dong,
| | - Zhongfeng Ding
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Linxia Song
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Desheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Changjian Xie
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Qiuxiang Pang
- Institute for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine Research, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
- Qiuxiang Pang,
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12
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Sodium Benzoate—Harmfulness and Potential Use in Therapies for Disorders Related to the Nervous System: A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071497. [PMID: 35406109 PMCID: PMC9003278 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, due to the large number of reports regarding the harmfulness of food additives, more and more consumers follow the so-called “clean label” trend, i.e., prefer and choose the least-processed food products. One of the compounds known as a preservative with a high safety profile is sodium benzoate. While some studies show that it can be used to treat conditions such as depression, pain, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, others report its harmfulness. For example, it was found to cause mutagenic effects, generate oxidative stress, disrupt hormones, and reduce fertility. Due to such disparate results, the purpose of this study is to comprehensively discuss the safety profile of sodium benzoate and its potential use in neurodegenerative diseases, especially in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), and pain relief.
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13
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Asejeje FO, Ajayi BO, Abiola MA, Samuel O, Asejeje GI, Ajiboye EO, Ajayi AM. Sodium benzoate induces neurobehavioral deficits and brain oxido‐inflammatory stress in male Wistar rats: Ameliorative role of ascorbic acid. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23010. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Folake O. Asejeje
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria
| | - Babajide O. Ajayi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria
| | - Michael A. Abiola
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Omolola Samuel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Gbolahan I. Asejeje
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O. Ajiboye
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria
| | - Abayomi M. Ajayi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria
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14
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Huo C, Liu G, Xu M, Li X, Zong W, Liu R. Characterizing the binding interactions of sodiumbenzoatewithlysozymeat the molecular level using multi-spectroscopy, ITC and modeling methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 263:120213. [PMID: 34325175 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we mainly study the interaction mechanism between food additives and antioxidant enzymes. Spectral methods were used to study the effect of sodium benzoate on the structure and function of lysozyme at the molecular level. Multi-spectroscopic results showed that sodium benzoate statically quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of lysozyme, formed complexes with lysozyme, increased the polarity of the aromatic amino acid, effected the molecular skeleton of lysozyme and stretched the secondary structure. The molecular docking and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) results showed that sodium benzoate entered the depression of the surface of lysozyme molecule both through hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond. Sodium benzoate was linked to tryptophan (Trp-63) by a hydrogen bond with a bond length of 2.48 Å. Thermodynamic studies showed that the combination was spontaneous, as the values of the enthalpy change (ΔH) and the entropy change (ΔS) were calculated to be 12.558 kJmol-1 and 25 kJmol-1k-1, respectively. Enzyme activity determination showed that Sodium benzoate increased lysozyme activity by 22.31%. This study can provide experimental support for evaluating the edible safety of sodium benzoate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqian Huo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Guiliang Liu
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, 2749# Xinluo street, high tech Zone, Jinan City, Shandong Province 250100, PR China
| | - Mengchen Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Shandong Province, No. 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | - Xiangxiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88# East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China.
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15
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Tian H, Yang J, Guo AD, Ran Y, Yang YZ, Yang B, Huang R, Liu H, Chen XH. Genetically Encoded Benzoyllysines Serve as Versatile Probes for Interrogating Histone Benzoylation and Interactions in Living Cells. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2560-2569. [PMID: 34618427 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are vital epigenetic regulators in many fundamental cell signaling pathways and diverse biological processes. Histone lysine benzoylation is a recently identified epigenetic mark associated with active transcription; however, it remains to be explored. Herein, we first report the genetic encoding of benzoyllysine and fluorinated benzoyllysines into full-length histone proteins in a site-specific manner in live cells, based on our rationally designed synthetase and fine-integrated fluorine element into benzoyllysines. The incorporated unnatural amino acids integrating unique features were demonstrated as versatile probes for investigating histone benzoylation under biological environments, conferring multiplex signals such as 19F NMR spectra with chemical clarity and fluorescence signals for benzoylation. Moreover, the site specifically incorporated lysine benzoylation within native full-length histone proteins revealed distinct dynamics of debenzoylation in the presence of debenzoylase sirtuin 2 (SIRT2). Our developed strategy for genetic encoding of benzoyllysines offers a general and novel approach to gain insights into interactions of site-specific histone benzoylation modifications with interactomes and molecular mechanisms in physiological settings, which could not be accessible with fragment histone peptides. This versatile chemical tool enables a direct and new avenue to explore benzoylation, interactions, and histone epigenetics, which will provide broad utilities in chemical biology, protein science, and basic biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road,
Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiale Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road,
Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - An-Di Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road,
Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Ran
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road,
Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruimin Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road,
Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiming Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road,
Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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16
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Carregosa D, Mota S, Ferreira S, Alves-Dias B, Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic N, Crespo CL, Menezes R, Teodoro R, dos Santos CN. Overview of Beneficial Effects of (Poly)phenol Metabolites in the Context of Neurodegenerative Diseases on Model Organisms. Nutrients 2021; 13:2940. [PMID: 34578818 PMCID: PMC8464690 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of neurodegenerative diseases in an aging population is an increasing problem of health, social and economic consequences. Epidemiological and intervention studies have demonstrated that diets rich in (poly)phenols can have potent health benefits on cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Meanwhile, the role of gut microbiota is ever more evident in modulating the catabolism of (poly)phenols to dozens of low molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites that have been identified in plasma and urine. These metabolites can reach circulation in higher concentrations than parent (poly)phenols and persist for longer periods of time. However, studies addressing their potential brain effects are still lacking. In this review, we will discuss different model organisms that have been used to study how low molecular weight (poly)phenol metabolites affect neuronal related mechanisms gathering critical insight on their potential to tackle the major hallmarks of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Carregosa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Sara Mota
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- iBET, Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sofia Ferreira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- CBIOS, University Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Alves-Dias
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Natasa Loncarevic-Vasiljkovic
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Carolina Lage Crespo
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Regina Menezes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- iBET, Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
- CBIOS, University Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Teodoro
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.M.); (S.F.); (B.A.-D.); (N.L.-V.); (C.L.C.); (R.M.); (R.T.)
- iBET, Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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17
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Zeghib K, Boutlelis DA. Food Additive (Sodium benzoate)-induced Damage on Renal Function and Glomerular Cells in Rats; Modulating Effect of Aqueous Extract of Atriplex halimus L. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:296-306. [PMID: 34400959 PMCID: PMC8170748 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.111634.13272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the preventive and curative effect of Atriplex halimus L. (Ah) extract against the kidney damages induced by Sodium benzoate (SB) in rats. Thirty male albino rats were divided into five groups of 6 rats each: Control, Ah, SB, AhP+SB and SB+AhC. SB (100 mg/kg b.w) was added to drinking water for 15 weeks. Aqueous extract of aerial parts of Atriplex halimus received intragastrically during the last 30 days of SB exposure for curative treatment (AhC) and all the duration of SB exposure for preventive treatment (AhP). Some Biochemical markers, oxidative stress parameters and histopathology of kidney tissue were studied. Administration of Sodium benzoate to rats caused a loss of weight and a significant elevation in creatinine, urea, renal malondialdehyde levels and lactate dehydrogenase activity. These changes were accompanied by decreasing in antioxidant defenses, like reduced glutathione level, catalase and glutathione S transferase activities in the kidney. Histopathological studies showed a massive degeneration in kidney tissue in SB-exposed rats. However, treatment with Atriplex halimus (A. halimus) restored the altered of biochemical and oxidative stress markers. A. halimus also regenerated the architectural kidneys lesions to near control. With more protection offered in the curative than preventive models of treatment. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that Sodium benzoate damages kidney structure and function and is a nephrotoxic substance. Atriplex halimus was able to improve the renal damage as an antioxidant and a nephroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Zeghib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El-Oued, El-Oued 39000, El-Oued, Algeria.,University of El-Oued, VTRS Laboratory, Fac. Technology, 39000 El-Oued, Algeria
| | - Djahra Ali Boutlelis
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of El-Oued, El-Oued 39000, Algeria
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18
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Acar A. Therapeutic effects of royal jelly against sodium benzoate-induced toxicity: cytotoxic, genotoxic, and biochemical assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34410-34425. [PMID: 33646542 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the protective role of royal jelly (RJ) against the potential toxic effects of sodium benzoate was investigated in Allium cepa L. test material with physiological, genetic, and biochemical parameters. Physiological changes were evaluated by determining weight gain, rooting percentage, root length, and relative injury rate. The genetic evaluations were carried out with chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), micronucleus (MN), tail DNA formation, and mitotic index (MI) ratio parameters. The biochemical evaluations were carried out by determining lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities by determining levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Further, the interaction of sodium benzoate with antioxidant enzymes was evaluated with molecular docking analysis. The antimutagenic effect of RJ was evaluated as the inhibition of chromosomal abnormalities (CAs) and tail DNA formations. A total of six groups were formed in the study. A. cepa L. bulbs in the control group were treated with tap water; the bulbs in the administration groups were treated with sodium benzoate (100 mg/L), RJ (25 mg/L and 50 mg/L doses), and sodium benzoate-RJ combinations with these doses for 72 h. As a result, it was determined that sodium benzoate application caused inhibition of physiological parameters and MI; induced MN, CAs, and DNA damage; and also caused oxidative stress. Depending on the concentration of RJ application, it reduced sodium benzoate toxicity by showing therapeutic effects in all these parameters. Also, the interaction of sodium benzoate with antioxidant enzyme residues was determined by molecular docking analysis. As a result, it has been understood that abandoning the use of sodium benzoate will be beneficial for the environment and human health and concluded that the use of RJ in the daily diet will be effective in reducing the impact of exposed toxic ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Acar
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
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19
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Olofinnade AT, Onaolapo AY, Onaolapo OJ, Olowe OA. The potential toxicity of food-added sodium benzoate in mice is concentration-dependent. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:561-569. [PMID: 34141170 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium benzoate (NaB) is a versatile food preservative that has also found some applications in the treatment of medical disorders. However, till date, its possible widespread effects on the body are not well studied. We examined the likely effect of diet-added NaB on weight/food intake, haematological parameters, neurobehaviour, antioxidant status, lipid profile and anti-inflammatory/apoptotic markers in mice. Animals were assigned randomly into 4 groups of 10 mice each. Groups included normal control (fed rodent chow) and three groups fed NaB at 125 (0.0125%), 250 (0.025% and 500 (0.05%) mg/kg of feed added to diet, respectively, for eight weeks. Body weight and food intake were assessed. At the end of the experimental period animals were euthanized, blood was then taken for the assessment of haematological, biochemical and inflammatory/apoptotic markers. At the lowest concentration, NaB diet increased body weight and food intake. Decrease in haematological cell counts and total antioxidant capacity were observed, whereas serum malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase activity were increased across the three concentrations. Serum tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10 decreased, whereas caspase-3 levels showed no significant difference. Lipid profile and biochemical indices of kidney and liver function were also affected by NaB diet. In conclusion, our findings suggest that NaB may be harmful if regulations regarding its limit of consumption are mistakenly or deliberately ignored. Therefore, it is advisable that regulations on quantities to be added to food be enforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Tope Olofinnade
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, P.M.B. 21266. 1-5 Oba Akinjobi Way,G.R.A Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Adejoke Yetunde Onaolapo
- Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, University Road. P.M.B, 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olakunle James Onaolapo
- Department of Pharmacology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, University Road. P.M.B, 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Olugbenga Adekunle Olowe
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, University Road. P.M.B, 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria Nigeria
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20
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Pullaguri N, Grover P, Abhishek S, Rajakumara E, Bhargava Y, Bhargava A. Triclosan affects motor function in zebrafish larva by inhibiting ache and syn2a genes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128930. [PMID: 33223207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of triclosan in personal care products as an antimicrobial agent is leading to its alarming tissue-bioaccumulation including human brain. However, knowledge of its potential effects on the vertebrate nervous system is still limited. Here, we hypothesized that sublethal triclosan concentrations are potent enough to alter motor neuron structure and function in zebrafish embryos exposed for prolonged duration. In this study, zebrafish embryos were used as vertebrate-animal model. Prolonged exposure (up to 4 days) of 0.6 mg/L (LC50, 96 h) and 0.3 mg/L (<LC50, Sublethal) triclosan produced aberrations in motor neuron innervations in skeletal muscles and reduced touch-evoked escape response in zebrafish larvae. This suggests motor dysfunction in treated embryos. To further explore the mechanisms of triclosan induced neurotoxicity, we determined the enzyme activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the expression of acetylcholinesterase (ache), myelin basic protein (mbp) and synapsin IIa (syn2a) genes which play an important role in the neural development and synaptic transmission. The ache and syn2a genes were down-regulated in triclosan treated larvae without any significant changes in mbp gene expression. At functional level, we observed a decrease in the AChE activity. Furthermore, docking results showed that triclosan can form a stable interaction with binding pocket of AChE and perhaps it can compete with natural acetylcholine for direct binding to AChE thereby inhibiting it and affecting cholinergic transmission. Therefore, triclosan can be regarded as a neurotoxic agent even at sublethal concentrations. Overall, the growing toxicological evidence against triclosan including ours suggest caution in its widespread use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha Pullaguri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Poonam Grover
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Suman Abhishek
- Macromolecular Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Eerappa Rajakumara
- Macromolecular Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Yogesh Bhargava
- Molecular Engineering and Imaging Lab, School of Biological Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Anamika Bhargava
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India.
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21
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Ren X, Zhou Y, Xue Z, Hao N, Li Y, Guo X, Wang D, Shi X, Li H. Histone benzoylation serves as an epigenetic mark for DPF and YEATS family proteins. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:114-126. [PMID: 33290558 PMCID: PMC7797077 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications and their functional readout serve as an important mechanism for gene regulation. Lysine benzoylation (Kbz) on histones is a recently identified acylation mark associated with active transcription. However, it remains to be explored whether putative readers exist to recognize this epigenetic mark. Here, our systematic binding studies demonstrated that the DPF and YEATS, but not the Bromodomain family members, are readers for histone Kbz. Co-crystal structural analyses revealed a 'hydrophobic encapsulation' and a 'tip-sensor' mechanism for Kbz readout by DPF and YEATS, respectively. Moreover, the DPF and YEATS family members display subtle yet unique features to create somewhat flexible engagements of different acylation marks. For instance, YEATS2 but not the other YEATS proteins exhibits best preference for Kbz than lysine acetylation and crotonylation due to its wider 'tip-sensor' pocket. The levels of histone benzoylation in cultured cells or in mice are upregulated upon sodium benzoate treatment, highlighting its dynamic regulation. In summary, our work identifies the first readers for histone Kbz and reveals the molecular basis underlying Kbz recognition, thus paving the way for further functional dissections of histone benzoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangle Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhaoyu Xue
- Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Ning Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daliang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaobing Shi
- Center for Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Haitao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
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22
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Kinetic of Biogas Production in a Batch Anaerobic Digestion Process with Interference of Preservative Material of Sodium Benzoate. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.3.9366.898-906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sodium benzoate is a preservative compounds which are widely used for both food and beverage products. The treatment of waste water containing this compound was normally conducted in a anaerobic digestion (AD) using a batch reactor system at a room temperature. The anaerobic process eventually produced biogas which can be used for bioenergy. This research was aimed to evaluate the production of biogas from by synthetic solution models containing sodium benzoate (SB). The experiment was performed in a variation of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS) of 4.8 and 7.2 g/L, and initial sodium benzoate concentration of 400, 600, and 800 mg/L. The digestion was performed at 60 days, while the biogas content was measured every 2 days. The results indicated a reduction in the cumulative biogas by the addition of sodium benzoate, compared to the control condition. Moreover, the decrease in organic loading rate (OLR) of SB in wastewater follows the first order kinetic with kinetic rate constant (k) was 0.0432 to 0.1254 (day−1) for MLSS of 4.8 g/L and 0.0276 to 0.0372 (day−1) for 7.2 g/L MLSS. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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Azuma S, Quartey NA, Ofosu I. Sodium benzoate in non-alcoholic carbonated (soft) drinks: Exposure and health risks. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Fountoucidou P, Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Docea AO, Taitzoglou IA, Liesivuori J, Tsatsakis A, Kouretas D. A mixture of routinely encountered xenobiotics induces both redox adaptations and perturbations in blood and tissues of rats after a long-term low-dose exposure regimen: The time and dose issue. Toxicol Lett 2019; 317:24-44. [PMID: 31541690 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to xenobiotic mixtures is a continuous state during their everyday routine. However, the majority of toxicological studies assess the in vivo effects of individual substances rather than mixtures. Therefore, our main objective was to evaluate the impact of the 12- and 18-month exposure of rats to a mixture containing 13 pesticides, food, and life-style additives in three dosage levels (i.e. 0.0025 × NOAEL, 0.01 × NOAEL, and 0.05 × NOAEL), on redox biomarkers in blood and tissues. Our results indicate that the exposure to the mixture induces physiological adaptations by enhancing the blood antioxidant mechanism (i.e., increased glutathione, catalase and total antioxidant capacity and decreased protein carbonyls and TBARS) at 12 months of exposure. On the contrary, exposure to the 0.05 × NOAEL dose for 18 months induces significant perturbations in blood and tissue redox profile (i.e., increased carbonyls and TBARS). This study simulates a scenario of real-life risk exposure to mixtures of xenobiotics through a long-term low-dose administration regimen in rats. The results obtained could support, at least in part, the necessity of introducing testing of combined stimuli at reference doses and long term for the evaluation of the risk from exposure to chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni Fountoucidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Ioannis A Taitzoglou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
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25
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Zhao J, Zhao G, Liu Y. Antibacterial activity of a hexahydro‐β‐acids/methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin inclusion complex against bacteria related to foodborne illness. J Food Saf 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuyang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Cleaning Conversion and Chemical Engineering Process, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous RegionCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University Urumqi China
| | - Guanyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Cleaning Conversion and Chemical Engineering Process, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous RegionCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University Urumqi China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Cleaning Conversion and Chemical Engineering Process, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous RegionCollege of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University Urumqi China
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26
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Gaur H, Bhargava A. Glyphosate induces toxicity and modulates calcium and NO signaling in zebrafish embryos. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:1070-1075. [PMID: 31010672 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate, an herbicide used worldwide, has emerged as a pollutant. However, its toxic effects are debated by regulatory authorities. Therefore, it is essential to keep the use of such chemicals under continuous observation, and their effects must be re-evaluated. We used zebrafish embryos to evaluate the toxic effects of glyphosate and its mechanisms. We found that glyphosate induced significant toxicity in a time and concentration-dependent manner. We observed an LD50 of 66.04 ± 4.6 μg/mL after 48 h of exposure. Glyphosate significantly reduced the heartbeat in a time and concentration-dependent manner indicating cardiotoxicity. Selective downregulation of Cacana1C (L-type calcium channel) and ryr2a (Ryanodine receptor) genes along with selective upregulation of hspb11 (heat shock protein) gene was observed upon exposure to glyphosate indicating alterations in the calcium signaling. A reduction in the nitric oxide (NO) generation was also observed in the zebrafish embryos upon exposure to glyphosate. Our results indicate that glyphosate induces significant toxicity including cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos in a time and concentration-dependent manner. Further, cardiotoxicity may be due to changes in calcium and NO signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Gaur
- Ion Channel Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Anamika Bhargava
- Ion Channel Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502285, India.
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27
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Wang H, Zhou L, Liao X, Meng Z, Xiao J, Li F, Zhang S, Cao Z, Lu H. Toxic effects of oxine-copper on development and behavior in the embryo-larval stages of zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 210:242-250. [PMID: 30878792 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxine-copper (OxCu) is generally used as an agricultural pesticide and induces harmful effects on ecosystems. In this study, zebrafish was used to assess the aquatic toxicity of OxCu. To detect the effects on development, embryos of 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to 10 μg/L, 20 μg/L, 40 μg/L OxCu for 18 h; meanwhile, to evaluate the effects on the behavior, larval fish at 6 days post-fertilization (dpf) were exposed to the same concentrations for 24 h. Here, we show that there are embryonic developmental defects, including abnormalities of head and trunk, brain ventricle atrophy, reduced newborn neurons, disordered neurons, increased intercellular space, concentrated cytoplasm, decreased heart beat and blood flow velocity, and developmental delay of the vascular system; in addition, some embryos exposed to the high concentration of OxCu degraded from the tail. We also found that the spontaneous tail coiling frequency and AChE enzyme activity were reduced, while oxidative stress (free radical damage) and cell apoptosis were significantly increased. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in neurodevelopment, vascular development and apoptosis were dysregulated in the OxCu exposed embryos in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, we found that after exposure to OxCu, larval locomotor activity was decreased and accompanied by Parkinson-like (increased absolute turn angle and sinuosity) and anxiety-like (preferred to the central area) behavior. These results indicate that OxCu induces developmental toxicity and behavioral alterations by affecting AChE enzyme activity and oxidative stress. Our data present new proofs of OxCu toxicity and a warning for its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Wang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liqun Zhou
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinjun Liao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhen Meng
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Juhua Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Fuyan Li
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shouhua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zigang Cao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Organs, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China; Center for Developmental Biology of Jinggangshan University, College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China.
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