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Cui H, Feng Y, Lu W, Wang L, Li H, Teng Y, Bai Y, Qu K, Song Y, Cui Z. Effect of hydraulic retention time on denitrification performance and microbial communities of solid-phase denitrifying reactors using polycaprolactone/corncob composite. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116559. [PMID: 38852202 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the denitrification performance and microbial composition of reactors, packed with composite polycaprolactone and corncob carbon sources, during the treatment mariculture wastewater. The optimal HRT was 3 h, and average nitrogen removal efficiency was 99.00 %, 99.07 %, and 98.98 % in the HRT =3, 5, and 7 h groups, respectively. However, the 3 h group (DOC 2.91 mg/L) was the only group with a lower DOC concentration than that of the influent group (3.31 mg/L). Moreover, species richness was lower at HRT =3 h, with a greater proportion of denitrification-dominant phyla, such as Proteobacteria. The abundance of the NarG, NirK, and NirS functional genes suggested that the HRT =3 h group had a significant advantage in the nitrate and nitrite reduction phases. Under a short HRT, the composite carbon source achieved a good denitrification effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yuna Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Weibin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; School of Marine Science & Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yu Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Ying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Keming Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yingying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Zhengguo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China; Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China.
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2
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Huang X, Wu M, Chen Y, Feng L, Ji F, Li L, Huang L, Wang Y, Shen F, Deng S, Fang D. Ultrahigh carbon utilization in symbiotic Biofilm-Sludge denitrification systems using polymers as sole electron donors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024:131194. [PMID: 39094962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The polymer-based denitrification system is an effective nitrate removal process for treating low carbon/nitrogen wastewater. However, in polymer denitrification systems, carbon used for the denitrification reaction is weakly targeted. Improving the efficiency of carbon utilization in denitrification is important to reduce carbon wastage. In this study, a symbiotic biofilm-sludge denitrification system was constructed using polycaprolactone as electron donors. Results show that the carbon release amount in 120 days was 85.32 ± 0.46 g, and the unit mass of polycaprolactone could remove 1.55 ± 0.01 g NO3--N. Meaningfully, the targeted carbon utilization efficiency for denitrification could achieve 79 %-85 %. The quantitative results showed that the release of electron donors can be well matched to the demand for electron acceptors in the biofilm-sludge denitrification system. Overall, the symbiotic system can improve the nitrate removal efficiency and reduce the waste of carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjuan Huang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mengting Wu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuzhe Chen
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Longkang Feng
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fangying Ji
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liping Huang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fei Shen
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Center of Agricultural Environmental Pollution Control, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shihuai Deng
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dexin Fang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Wang P, Lu B, Chai X. Rapid start-up and long-term stable operation of the anammox reactor based on biofilm process: Status, challenges, and perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139166. [PMID: 37295685 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anammox-biofilm processes have great potential for wastewater nitrogen removal, as it overcomes the slow growth and easy loss of AnAOB (anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria). Biofilm carrier is the core part of the Anammox-biofilm reactor and plays a key role in the start-up and long-term operation of the process. Therefore, the research on the biofilm carrier of Anammox-based process was summarized and discussed in terms of configurations and types. In the Anammox-biofilm process, fixed bed biofilm reactor is a relatively mature biofilm carrier configuration and has advantages in terms of nitrogen removal and long-term operational stability, while moving bed biofilm reactor has advantages in terms of start-up time. Although the long-term operational stability of fluidized bed biofilm reactor is good, its nitrogen removal performance needs to be improved. Among the different biofilm carrier categories, the inorganic biofilm carrier has an advantage in start-up time, due to the enhancement of the growth and metabolic of AnAOB by inorganic materials (such as carbon and iron). Anammox-based reactors using organic biofilm carriers, especially suspension carriers, are well-established and more stable in long-term operation. Composite biofilm carriers combine the advantages of several materials, but their complex preparation procedures lead to high costs. In addition, possible research directions for accelerating the start-up and keeping the long-term stable operation of Anammox reactor by biofilm process were highlighted. It is hoped to provide a possible pathway for the rapid start-up of Anammox-based process, and references for the optimization and promotion of process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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de Melo RN, de Souza Hassemer G, Steffens J, Junges A, Valduga E. Recent updates to microbial production and recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:204. [PMID: 37223002 PMCID: PMC10200728 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing use of synthetic polymers and their disposal has raised concern due to their adverse effects on the environment. Thus, other sustainable alternatives to synthetic plastics have been sought, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), which are promising microbial polyesters, mainly due to their compostable nature, biocompatibility, thermostability, and resilience, making this biopolymer acceptable in several applications in the global market. The large-scale production of PHAs by microorganisms is still limited by the high cost of production compared to conventional plastics. This review reports some strategies mentioned in the literature aimed at production and recovery, paving the way for the bio-based economy. For this, some aspects of PHAs are addressed, such as synthesis, production systems, process control using by-products from industries, and advances and challenges in the downstream. The bioplastics properties made them a prime candidate for food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industrial applications. With this paper, it is possible to see that biodegradable polymers are promising materials, mainly for reducing the pollution produced by polymers derived from petroleum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Nery de Melo
- Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, URI-Erechim, Sete de Setembro Av, Erechim, RS 162199709-910 Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Souza Hassemer
- Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, URI-Erechim, Sete de Setembro Av, Erechim, RS 162199709-910 Brazil
| | - Juliana Steffens
- Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, URI-Erechim, Sete de Setembro Av, Erechim, RS 162199709-910 Brazil
| | - Alexander Junges
- Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, URI-Erechim, Sete de Setembro Av, Erechim, RS 162199709-910 Brazil
| | - Eunice Valduga
- Department of Food and Chemical Engineering, URI-Erechim, Sete de Setembro Av, Erechim, RS 162199709-910 Brazil
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Zhang H, Li H, Ma M, Ma B, Liu H, Niu L, Zhao D, Ni T, Yang W, Yang Y. Nitrogen reduction by aerobic denitrifying fungi isolated from reservoirs using biodegradation materials for electron donor: Capability and adaptability in the lower C/N raw water treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161064. [PMID: 36565869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological denitrification was considered an efficient and environmentally friendly way to remove the nitrogen in the water body. However, biological denitrification showed poor nitrogen removal performance due to the lack of electron donors in the low C/N water. In this study, three novel aerobic denitrifying fungi (Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp.) were isolated and enhanced the performance of aerobic denitrification of fungi in low C/N water bodies combined with polylactic acid/polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PLA/PBAT). In this work, the aerobic denitrifying fungi seed were added to denitrifying liquid medium and mixed with PLA/PBAT. The result showed that Trichoderma sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp. could reduce 89.93 %, 89.20 %, and 87.76 % nitrate. Meanwhile, the nitrate removal efficiency adding PLA/PBAT exceeded 1.40, 1.68, and 1.46 times that of none. The results of material characterization suggested that aerobic denitrifying fungi have different abilities to secrete proteases or lipases to catalyze ester bonds in PLA/PBAT and utilize it as nutrients in denitrification, especially in Penicillium brasiliensis D6. Besides, the electron transport system activity and the intracellular ATP concentration were increased significantly after adding PLA/PBAT, especially in Penicillium brasiliensis D6. Finally, the highest removal efficiency of total nitrogen in landscape water by fungi combined with PLA/PBAT was >80 %. The findings of this work provide new insight into the possibility of nitrogen removal by fungi in low C/N and the recycling of degradable resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Haiyun Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; An De College, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710311, China
| | - Manli Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Ben Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Hanyan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Limin Niu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Daijuan Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Tongchao Ni
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Wanqiu Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yansong Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Pang Y, Wang J. Effect of ferric iron (Fe(Ш)) on heterotrophic solid-phase denitrification: Denitrification performance and metabolic pathway. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128401. [PMID: 36442600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ferric iron (Fe(Ш)) on the performance of heterotrophic solid-phase denitrification (SPD) using biodegradable polymer composite as the electron donor was investigated. The results of continuous batch experiments showed that the addition of over 10 mg/L Fe(Ш) significantly inhibited nitrate removal and led to the accumulation of nitrite. The addition of Fe(Ш) reduced the microbial community diversity and shifted the community dominated by complete denitrifiers (e.g. Thauera) to that dominated by incomplete denitrifiers (e.g. Thermomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Sphingomonas). The predicted analysis of microbial function by PICRUSt2 indicated that the relative abundance of denitrifying genes, including napA/B, nirS and nosZ, were remarkably reduced in the Fe(Ш) groups comparing with the control group. In addition, Fe(Ш) inhibited the genes related to the generation of electron carriers, NADH and FADH2, in TCA cycle and glycolysis processes, which could result in a lower carbon utilization efficiency for microbial denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunmeng Pang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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Wang Y, Zhou P, Song X, Xu Z. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a PCL-supported constructed wetland with limited aeration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22606-22616. [PMID: 36301391 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Considerable advances have been made in the substrate design and operation strategies of constructed wetlands to facilitate nitrogen elimination. However, few studies examined the complicated interaction between solid organic substrates and limited aeration on nitrogen removal. A vertical flow constructed wetlands in gradient distribution of inorganic and solid organic substrates (polycaprolactone/PCL) (P-VFCW) and a controlled vertical flow constructed wetland without PCL (C-VFCW) were developed for the tertiary treatment of municipal tailwater. Results indicated that ammonia was nearly converted to nitrate, while the total nitrogen removal efficiencies (TNREs) in C-VFCW were negligible. In P-VFCW, however, optimal TNREs approached 95% with an aeration rate of 0.06 mL·min-1 and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h, and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process (SND) in aerobic conditions was confirmed. As for the spatial microbial community structure evolution, Comamonas, which is associated with heterotrophic nitrification and anoxic/aerobic denitrification, was enriched along the vertical profiles of P-VFCW. Autotrophic nitrifier (Nitrospira), aerobic denitrifier (Bradyrhizobium and Azospira), and anoxic denitrifier (Ignavibacterium and Methyloversatilis) were dominated in different depths of P-VFCW, respectively. Besides, Canna indica biomass in P-VFCW was significantly larger than that in C-VFCW, which was attributed to the plant adaption response to diverse nitrogen. The P-VFCW in gradient distribution of inorganic and solid carbon sources under limited aeration is a promising technology for advanced nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Xinshan Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongshuo Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Wu H, Li A, Yang X, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhan G. The research progress, hotspots, challenges and outlooks of solid-phase denitrification process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159929. [PMID: 36356784 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen pollution is one of the main reasons for water eutrophication. The difficulty of nitrogen removal in low-carbon wastewater poses a huge potential threat to the ecological environment and human health. As a clean biological nitrogen removal process, solid-phase denitrification (SPD) was proposed for long-term operation of low-carbon wastewater. In this paper, the progress, hotspots, and challenges of the SPD process based on different solid carbon sources (SCSs) are reviewed. Compared with synthetic SCS and natural SCS, blended SCSs have more application potential and have achieved pilot-scale application. Differences in SCSs will lead to changes in the enrichment of hydrolytic microorganisms and hydrolytic genes, which indirectly affect denitrification performance. Moreover, the denitrification performance of the SPD process is also affected by the physical and chemical properties of SCSs, pH of wastewater, hydraulic retention time, filling ratio, and temperature. In addition, the strengthening of the SPD process is an inevitable trend. The strengthening measures including SCSs modification and coupled electrochemical technology are regarded as the current research hotspots. It is worth noting that the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has led to the increase of disinfection by-products and antibiotics in wastewater, which makes the SPD process face challenges. Finally, this review proposes prospects to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the efficient application of the SPD process and coping with the challenge of the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China; College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Anjie Li
- College of Grassland and Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xu Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jingting Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yiliang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Zhan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Shi S, He L, Zhou Y, Fan X, Lin Z, He X, Zhou J. Response of nitrogen removal performance and microbial community to a wide range of pH in thermophilic denitrification system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 352:127061. [PMID: 35351554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermophilic biological nitrogen removal would be a promising alternative to conventional approaches for the treatment of high-temperature wastewater. In this study, the response of thermophilic denitrification system (50 °C) to a wide range of pH (3-11) was investigated. The results showed that thermophilic denitrification could adapt to pH 5-11, but suffered from obvious nitrite and ammonia accumulation at pH 3. Microbial insights indicated that the enrichment of specific functional thermophiles has contributed to the tolerance towards unfavorable pH. Besides, the potential selecting advantage of nitrate reducing bacteria over nitrite reducing bacteria and the enrichment of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) bacteria could be responsible for the nitrite and ammonia accumulation at pH 3. Moreover, the functional gene prediction denoted higher narG/(nirK + nirS) and nrfA at pH 3, which could facilitate partial denitrification and DNRA. These findings could provide new insight into the application of thermophilic biological nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuohui Shi
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Ziyuan Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xuejie He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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10
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Xia L, Li X, Fan W, Wang J. Denitrification performance and microbial community of bioreactor packed with PHBV/PLA/rice hulls composite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150033. [PMID: 34492486 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel biodegradable PHBV/PLA/rice hulls (PPRH) composite was applied and tested as biofilm attachment carrier and carbon source in two bioreactors for biological denitrification process. The denitrification performance, effect of operational conditions and microbial community structure of PPRH biofilm were evaluated. The batch experiment results showed that PPRH-packed bioreactor could completely remove 50 mg L-1 of NO3--N at natural pH (ca. 7.5) and room temperature. The continuous flow experiments indicated that high NO3--N removal efficiency (77%-99%) was achieved with low nitrite (<0.48 mg L-1) and ammonia (<0.81 mg L-1) accumulation, when influent NO3--N concentration was 30 mg L-1 and hydraulic retention time was 2-6 h. Furthermore, the microbial community analysis indicated that bacteria belonging to genus Diaphorobacter in phylum Proteobacteria were the most dominant and major denitrifiers in denitrification. In summary, PPRH composite was a promising carbon source for biological nitrate removal from water and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xia
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, No. 37, XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, No. 37, XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wenhong Fan
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, No. 37, XueYuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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11
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Min B, Gao Q, Yan Z, Han X, Hosmer K, Campbell A, Zhu H. Powering the Remediation of the Nitrogen Cycle: Progress and Perspectives of Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bokki Min
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States,
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States,
| | - Zihao Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States,
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States,
| | - Kait Hosmer
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States,
| | - Alayna Campbell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States,
| | - Huiyuan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States,
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12
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Ma C, Christianson L, Huang X, Christianson R, Cooke RA, Bhattarai R, Li S. Efficacy of heated tourmaline in reducing biomass clogging within woodchip bioreactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142401. [PMID: 33017758 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Woodchip bioreactors can effectively remove waterborne nitrates from subsurface agricultural drainage and prevent the eutrophication of receiving water, but rapid biofilm growth can severely reduce water flux and denitrification efficiency of this practice within a few years. Tourmaline minerals with thermal excitation could generate reactive oxygen species which would inhibit bacterial growth. In this study, laboratory scale woodchip bioreactors were set up to test the anti-clogging and denitrification efficiency of heated woodchips with tourmaline, heated woodchips without tourmaline, and unheated woodchips. The results showed that the heated tourmaline treatment could reduce the clogging and optimize the nitrate removal rate (47.6 g N/m3/day) under all three hydrologic retention times tested (1, 4, and 8 h). Dissolved oxygen and pH values fluctuated with the removal rate and temperature change, while temperature was identified as the key factor impacting the tourmaline treatment. The heated tourmaline treatment had the lowest biofilm growth (lowest DNA concentration), while the 16S rRNA and a higher abundance of nirS-, nirK-, and nosZ-encoding denitrifying bacteria (based on qPCR) confirmed the higher denitrification efficiency of the heated tourmaline treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjin Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Laura Christianson
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, AW-101 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Xiangfeng Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Reid Christianson
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, AW-101 Turner Hall, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Richard A Cooke
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 1304 W Pennsylvania Ave #338, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rabin Bhattarai
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 1304 W Pennsylvania Ave #338, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Shiyang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Wang H, Chen N, Feng C, Deng Y, Gao Y. Research on efficient denitrification system based on banana peel waste in sequencing batch reactors: Performance, microbial behavior and dissolved organic matter evolution. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126693. [PMID: 32464770 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate pollution presents a serious threat to the environment and public health. As an excellent heterotrophic denitrification carbon source, banana peel (a kind of agricultural waste) provides a feasible alternative to deal with the persistent high concentrations of nitrate pollution. Although the feasibility and economy of banana peel for denitrification have already been reported, the long-term stability and mechanism were still unclear. The coupling mechanism of organic matters and microorganism in the denitrification process was systematically investigated through a 17-cycle experiment. The results showed that significant NO3--N removal load and rate of 164.42 mg/g and 4.69 mg/(L·h) after long-term tests could be obtained. Organic matter analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the evolution of organic matter was dominated by Anaerolineaceae (fermenting bacteria), and, in the final step, the humification of organic matter was realized. Moreover, the presence of Lentimicrobium (denitrifying bacteria) was indispensable for the continuous removal of high concentrations of nitrate. The main functional gene of nitrogen transformation in this reaction system was NirS (haem-containing). This lab-scale heterotrophic denitrification process could contribute to a better understanding of the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the biogeochemical cycles to some extent, and it also provides a reference for the construction of highly efficient nitrate degradation reactors, based on agricultural wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishuang Wang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Nan Chen
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chuanping Feng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yang Deng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Gao
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
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14
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Mielcarek A, Rodziewicz J, Janczukowicz W, Struk-Sokołowska J. The impact of biodegradable carbon sources on nutrients removal in post-denitrification biofilm reactors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137377. [PMID: 32143032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater from households wastewater treatment plants (HWWTP) is discharged to the ground or to the surface waters. Special consideration should be given to the improvement of HWWTP effectiveness, particularly in relation to nutrients. The addition of biodegradable carbon sources to biofilm reactor, can enhance microbial activity but may also lead to filling clogging. The study aimed to compare 3 different organic substrates: acetic acid (commonly applied)and two untypical - citric acid and waste beer, under the same operational conditions in a post-denitrification biofilm reactor. The study investigated the impact of a type of organic substrate, low pH and time on: (1) biofilm growth, (2) the characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), (3) the kinetics of nutrients removal and (4) reactor clogging. Results were referred to (5) the effectiveness of nutrients removal. The study demonstrated that low pH assured the development of a thinbiofilm. Citric acid ensured the lowest biomass volume, being by 53% lower than in the reactor with acetic acid and by as much as 61% lower than in the reactor with waste beer. The soluble EPS fraction prevailed in the total EPS in all reactors. The content of the tightly bound EPS fraction ranged from 26.93% (citric acid) to 36.32% (waste beer). Investigations showed also a high ratio of exoproteins to polysaccharide in all fractions, which indicated a significant role of proteins in developing a highly-proliferating biofilm. The treated wastewater met requirements of Polish regulations concerning COD and nitrogen concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Mielcarek
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rodziewicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Janczukowicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Environment Engineering, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Joanna Struk-Sokołowska
- Bialystok University of Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Wiejska St. 45E, Bialystok 15-351, Poland.
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15
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Rahimi S, Modin O, Mijakovic I. Technologies for biological removal and recovery of nitrogen from wastewater. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107570. [PMID: 32531318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Water contamination is a growing environmental issue. Several harmful effects on human health and the environment are attributed to nitrogen contamination of water sources. Consequently, many countries have strict regulations on nitrogen compound concentrations in wastewater effluents. Wastewater treatment is carried out using energy- and cost-intensive biological processes, which convert nitrogen compounds into innocuous dinitrogen gas. On the other hand, nitrogen is also an essential nutrient. Artificial fertilizers are produced by fixing dinitrogen gas from the atmosphere, in an energy-intensive chemical process. Ideally, we should be able to spend less energy and chemicals to remove nitrogen from wastewater and instead recover a fraction of it for use in fertilizers and similar applications. In this review, we present an overview of various technologies of biological nitrogen removal including nitrification, denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), as well as bioelectrochemical systems and microalgal growth for nitrogen recovery. We highlighted the nitrogen removal efficiency of these systems at different temperatures and operating conditions. The advantages, practical challenges, and potential for nitrogen recovery of different treatment methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Rahimi
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Oskar Modin
- Division of Water Environment Technology, Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
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16
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Qi W, Taherzadeh MJ, Ruan Y, Deng Y, Chen JS, Lu HF, Xu XY. Denitrification performance and microbial communities of solid-phase denitrifying reactors using poly (butylene succinate)/bamboo powder composite. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 305:123033. [PMID: 32105848 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the denitrification performance of solid-phase denitrification (SPD) systems packed with poly (butylene succinate)/bamboo powder composite to treat synthetic aquaculture wastewater under different salinity conditions (0‰ Vs. 25‰). The results showed composite could achieve the maximum denitrification rates of 0.22 kg (salinity, 0‰) and 0.34 kg NO3--N m-3 d-1 (salinity, 25‰) over 200-day operation. No significant nitrite accumulation and less dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release (<15 mg/L) were found. The morphological and spectroscopic analyses demonstrated the mixture composites degradation. Microbial community analysis showed that Acidovorax, Simplicispira, Denitromonas, SM1A02, Marinicella and Formosa were the dominant genera for denitrifying bacteria, while Aspergillus was the major genus for denitrifying fungus. The co-network analysis also indicated the interactions between bacterial and fungal community played an important role in composite degradation and denitrification. The outcomes provided a potential strategy of DOC control and cost reduction for aquaculture nitrate removal by SPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhe Qi
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Bio-Systems Engineering and Food Science, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | | | - Yunjie Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Bio-Systems Engineering and Food Science, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Yale Deng
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ji-Shuang Chen
- Institute of Bioresource Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization (BIHU), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Hui-Feng Lu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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17
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Yang M, Wang X, Liu S, Wu C, Wang Q. Carbon release behaviour of polylactic acid/starch-based solid carbon and its influence on biodenitrification. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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18
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Effects of Hydraulic Retention Time and Influent Nitrate-N Concentration on Nitrogen Removal and the Microbial Community of an Aerobic Denitrification Reactor Treating Recirculating Marine Aquaculture System Effluent. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and influent nitrate-N concentration on nitrogen removal and the microbial community composition of an aerobic denitrification reactor treating recirculating marine aquaculture system effluent were evaluated. Results showed that over 98% of nitrogen was removed and ammonia-N and nitrite-N levels were below 1 mg/L when influent nitrate-N was below 150 mg/L and HRT over 5 h. The maximum nitrogen removal efficiency and nitrogen removal rate were observed at HRT of 6 or 7 h when influent nitrate-N was 150 mg/L. High-throughput DNA sequencing analysis revealed that the microbial phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were predominant in the reactor, with an average relative total abundance above 70%. The relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria of genera Halomonas and Denitratisoma within the reactor decreased with increasing influent nitrate-N concentrations. Our results show the presence of an aerobically denitrifying microbial consortium with both expected and unexpected members, many of them relatively new to science. Our findings provide insights into the biological workings and inform the design and operation of denitrifying reactors for marine aquaculture systems.
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19
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Wang H, Feng C, Deng Y. Effect of potassium on nitrate removal from groundwater in agricultural waste-based heterotrophic denitrification system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:134830. [PMID: 31731167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrophic denitrification based on solid carbon sources has been widely investigated for nitrogen removal in recent years. In this study, the response of the heterotrophic denitrification process under different K+ concentrations was clarified. Additionally, the denitrification enhancement mechanism was revealed and resource utilization of agricultural waste was achieved. A series of batch tests were conducted to study the effect of different K+ concentrations on the denitrification performance, dissolved organic matter (DOM) dissolution and microbial community structure. Results demonstrate that the threshold of K+ concentration for the NO3--N and NO2--N reduction rates were 229.78 ± 25.80 and 159.10 ± 24.60 mg-K/L, respectively. Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) analysis identified the main DOM components associated with tyrosine-like, tryptophan-like and humic-like substances, as well as illustrated the evolutionary behavior and utilization of DOM. High throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicates that a K+ concentration of 229.78 ± 25.80 mg-K/L exhibited the highest diversity of functional species associated with fermentation and denitrification. The genera Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus were the unique denitrifiers at this K+ concentration. The correlation of K+ concentration, DOM dissolution of different regions and microorganism structure were analyzed using correlation matrix and PCA, and the appropriate K+ concentration of different functional microorganisms survival was optimized by this analysis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishuang Wang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuanping Feng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yang Deng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
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20
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Xu Z, Dai X, Chai X. Effect of temperature on tertiary nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater in a PHBV/PLA-supported denitrification system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:26893-26899. [PMID: 31302889 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/poly(lactic acid) (PHBV/PLA)-supported denitrification system was built to remove nitrogen from municipal wastewater treatment plant secondary effluent, and the influence of operating temperature on nitrogen removal was further investigated. Results indicated that a PHBV/PLA-supported denitrification system could effectively fulfill the tertiary nitrogen removal. The nitrogen removal efficiency gradually declined with the operating temperature decreasing, and the denitrification rate at 30 °C was 5 times higher than that at 10 °C. Meanwhile, it was found that a slight TOC accumulation only occurred at 30 °C (with an average of 2.03 mg/L) and was avoided at 10~20 °C. The reason for effluent TOC variation was further explained through the consumption and generation pathways of TOC in this system. Furthermore, the temperature coefficient was about 0.02919, indicating that the PHBV/PLA-supported denitrification system was a little sensitive to temperature. A better knowledge of the effect of operating temperature will be significant for the practical application of the solid-phase denitrification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshuo Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute, Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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21
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Khan MA, Ngo HH, Guo W, Chang SW, Nguyen DD, Varjani S, Liu Y, Deng L, Cheng C. Selective production of volatile fatty acids at different pH in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 283:120-128. [PMID: 30901584 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the production of major volatile fatty acid (VFA) components in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to treat low-strength synthetic wastewater. No selective inhibition was applied for methane production and solvent-extraction method was used for VFA extraction. The results showed acetic and propionic acid were the predominant VFA components at pH 7.0 and 6.0 with concentrations of 1.444 ± 0.051 and 0.516 ± 0.032 mili-mol/l respectively. At pH 12.0 isobutyric acid was the major VFA component with a highest concentration of 0.712 ± 0.008 mili-mol/l. The highest VFA yield was 48.74 ± 1.5 mg VFA/100 mg CODfeed at pH 7.0. At different pH, AnMBR performance was evaluated in terms of COD, nutrient removal and membrane fouling rate. It was observed that the membrane fouled at a faster rate in both acidic and alkaline pH conditions, the slowest rate in membrane fouling was observed at pH 7.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Atiqueuzzaman Khan
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia; NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dinh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea; Institution of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India
| | - Yi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
| | - Chen Cheng
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NWS 2007, Australia
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22
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Raza ZA, Tariq MR, Majeed MI, Banat IM. Recent developments in bioreactor scale production of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:901-919. [PMID: 30810810 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biological plastics that are sustainable alternative to synthetic ones. Numerous microorganisms have been identified as PHAs producers. They store PHAs as cellular inclusions to use as an energy source backup. They can be produced in shake flasks and in bioreactors under defined fermentation and physiological culture conditions using suitable nutrients. Their production at bioreactor scale depends on various factors such as carbon source, nutrients supply, temperature, dissolved oxygen level, pH, and production modes. Once produced, PHAs find diverse applications in multiple fields of science and technology particularly in the medical sector. The present review covers some recent developments in sustainable bioreactor scale production of PHAs and identifies some areas in which future research in this field might be focused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiqar Ali Raza
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Tariq
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad, 37610, Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ibrahim M Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, BT52 1SA, UK
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23
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Shao M, Guo L, She Z, Gao M, Zhao Y, Sun M, Guo Y. Enhancing denitrification efficiency for nitrogen removal using waste sludge alkaline fermentation liquid as external carbon source. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:4633-4644. [PMID: 30565112 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3944-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
External carbon source was usually added to enhance denitrification efficiency for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment. In this study, waster sludge alkaline fermentation liquid was successfully employed as an alternative carbon source for biological denitrification. The denitrification performance was studied at different C/Ns (carbon-to-nitrogen ratios) and HRTs (hydraulic retention times). A C/N of 7 and an HRT of 8 h were the optimal conditions for denitrification. The nitrate removal efficiency of 96.4% and no obvious nitrite accumulation in the effluent were achieved under the optimal conditions with a low soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) level. The sludge carbon source utilization was analyzed and showed that the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were prior utilized than proteins and carbohydrates. The excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy with fluorescence regional integration (FRI) was adopted to analyze the compositional and variations of dissolved organic matters (DOM). Moreover, a high denitrification rate (VDN) and potential (PDN) with low heterotroph anoxic yield (YH) was exhibited at the optimal C/N and HRT condition, indicating the better denitrification ability and organic matter utilization efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Shao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Educatin, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Zonglian She
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Mei Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yiding Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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24
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Xu Z, Dai X, Chai X. Effect of different carbon sources on denitrification performance, microbial community structure and denitrification genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:195-204. [PMID: 29627542 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Solid and liquid organic substances as carbon sources for denitrification process were deeply explored. In this study, the effect of three carbon sources, referred to as poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/poly (lactic acid) (PHBV/PLA) polymer, glucose and CH3COONa, on denitrification performance, microbial community and functional genes were investigated. It was found that maximum denitrification rates of 0.37, 0.46 and 0.39gN/(L·d) were achieved in PHBV/PLA, glucose and CH3COONa supported denitrification systems, respectively. Meanwhile, Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that three carbon sources led to different microbial community structures. It can be seen that Brevinema/Thauera/Dechloromonas, Tolumonas/Thauera/Dechloromonas, Thauera dominated in the PHBV/PLA, glucose and CH3COONa supported denitrification systems, respectively. Transcriptome-based analysis further indicated that the glucose supported denitrification system showed the highest FPKM values (the fragments per kilobase per million mapped reads) of the genes participating in the dissimilatory nitrate reduction process, corresponding to the greatest effluent NH4+-N concentration. A better knowledge of effect of different carbon sources on denitrification process will be significant for nitrate removal in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshuo Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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