1
|
Fu Z, Yin H, Liu J, He Y, Song S, Peng X, Huang X, Lai Y, Li S, Luo Q, Su J, Yang P. Therapeutic effects of fatty acid binding protein 1 in mice with pulmonary fibrosis by regulating alveolar epithelial regeneration. BMJ Open Respir Res 2023; 10:e001568. [PMID: 37940355 PMCID: PMC10632910 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive fibrotic lung disease with limited therapeutic options and high lethality, related to alveolar type II epithelial (ATII) cell dysregulation, the abnormal repair of alveolar epithelial cells and activation of fibroblasts promote the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) was significantly downregulated in the fibrotic state by proteomics screening in our previous date, and the ATII cell dysregulation can be mediated by FABP1 via regulating fatty acid metabolism and intracellular transport. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role and potential mechanism of FABP1 in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS Proteomics screening was used to detect changes of the protein profiles in two different types (induced by bleomycin and silica, respectively) of pulmonary fibrosis models. The localisation of FABP1 in mouse lung was detected by Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Experimental methods such as lung pathology, micro-CT, western blotting, small animal imaging in vivo, EdU, etc were used to verify the role of FABP1 in pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS The expression of FABP1 in the mouse lung was significantly reduced in the model of pulmonary fibrosis from our proteomic analysis and immunological methods, the double immunofluorescence staining showed that FABP1 was mainly localised in type II alveolar epithelial cells. Additionally, the expression of FABP1 was negatively correlated with the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that overexpression of FABP1 alleviated pulmonary fibrosis by protecting alveolar epithelium from injury and promoting cell survival. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a proof-of-principle that FABP1 may represent an effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis by regulating alveolar epithelial regeneration, which may be associated with the fatty acid metabolism in ATII cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenli Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiani Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengren Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xihui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang CC, Hsu CC, Yu TH, Hung WC, Kuo SM, Chen CC, Wu CC, Chung FM, Lee YJ, Wei CT. Plasma levels and tissue expression of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in patients with breast cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:52. [PMID: 36800961 PMCID: PMC9938596 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-02944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) is widely expressed in hepatocytes and plays a role in lipid metabolism. It has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in different types of cancer; however, few studies have investigated the association between L-FABP and breast cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the association between plasma concentrations of L-FABP in breast cancer patients and the expression of L-FABP in breast cancer tissue. METHOD A total of 196 patients with breast cancer and 57 age-matched control subjects were studied. Plasma L-FABP concentrations were measured using ELISA in both groups. The expression of L-FABP in breast cancer tissue was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULT The patients had higher plasma L-FABP levels than the controls (7.6 ng/mL (interquartile range 5.2-12.1) vs. 6.3 ng/mL (interquartile range 5.3-8.5), p = 0.008). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an independent association between L-FABP and breast cancer, even after adjusting for known biomarkers. Moreover, the rates of pathologic stage T2+T3+T4, clinical stage III, positive HER-2 receptor status, and negative estrogen receptor status were significantly higher in the patients with an L-FABP level greater than the median. Furthermore, the L-FABP level gradually increased with the increasing stage. In addition, L-FABP was detected in the cytoplasm, nuclear, or both cytoplasm and nuclear of all breast cancer tissue examined, not in the normal tissue. CONCLUSIONS Plasma L-FABP levels were significantly higher in the patients with breast cancer than in the controls. In addition, L-FABP was expressed in breast cancer tissue, which suggests that L-FABP may be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chang Chang
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Hsu
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,Health Examination Center, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80794 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Teng-Hung Yu
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chin Hung
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Ming Kuo
- grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Chen
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ching Wu
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan ,grid.411447.30000 0004 0637 1806School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | - Fu-Mei Chung
- grid.414686.90000 0004 1797 2180Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 82445 Taiwan
| | | | - Ching-Ting Wei
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, No. 1, Yi-Da Rd., Jiau-Shu Village, Yan-Chao Township, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan. .,Department of Electrical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gu X, Liu M, Wang B, Jiang K, Wang L. Identification and Expression Analysis of an Interacting Protein (LvFABP) that Mediates Vibrio parahaemolyticus AHPND Toxin Action. Front Immunol 2022; 13:940405. [PMID: 35860240 PMCID: PMC9289683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.940405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing AHPND (VPAHPND) is the most serious disease affecting shrimp farming. The PirAvp and PirBvp toxins of VPAHPND are known virulence factors. However, the corresponding target protein in shrimp that mediates their action has not been identified. By screening yeast two-hybrid cDNA libraries from intestine, stomach, and hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei, the protein with the largest increase in gene expression in shrimp hepatopancreas in response to VPAHPND challenge was identified and designated LvFABP. Analysis revealed high sequence homology of the LvFABP gene and a lipocalin/cytosolic fatty acid binding gene. Yeast two-hybrid pairwise analysis, GST-pull down assay, and far-western blot assay were performed to determine the interaction between LvFABP and PirBvp. LvFABP was able to directly bind to PirBvp. The expression of LvFABP in the hepatopancreas was significantly higher at P23 and P27 developmental stages of L. vannamei. RNA interference (RNAi) of LvFABP reduced the mortality, histopathological signs of AHPND in the hepatopancreas, and the number of virulent VPAHPND bacteria in the intestine, stomach, and hepatopancreas after VPAHPND challenge. We concluded that the LvFABP was involved in AHPND pathogenesis and acted as a VPAHPND toxin interacting protein. This is the first identification of VPAHPND toxin interacting protein from the shrimp digestive system by yeast two-hybrid library screening and were confirmed by in vitro protein interaction verification and in vivo challenge experiments. This study provides novel insight into the contributions of LvFABP towards AHPND pathogenesis in shrimp. The findings could inform AHPND preventative measures in shrimp farming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Gu
- Chinese Academy Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Disease Control in Mariculture, Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao, China
| | - Baojie Wang
- Chinese Academy Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyong Jiang
- Chinese Academy Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Chinese Academy Sciences (CAS) and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng H, Yin Y, Zheng R, Kang J. Rosiglitazone ameliorated airway inflammation induced by cigarette smoke via inhibiting the M1 macrophage polarization by activating PPARγ and RXRα. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107809. [PMID: 34182323 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rosiglitazone, an exogenous ligand of PPARγ, plays an important anti-inflammatory role during the inflammation caused by cigarette smoke (CS). CS exposure induces pulmonary inflammation via activating macrophage polarization. However, the effects of rosiglitazone on macrophage polarization induced by CS are unclear. METHODS 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, CS and ROSI. In the CS group, rats were passively exposed to cigarette smoke for consecutive 3 months. In the ROSI group, rats were treated with rosiglitazone (3 mg/kg/day, ip) during CS exposure period. Alveolar macrophages of rats were isolated and cultured with CSE. The slices of lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The histomorphology was observed to evaluate emphysema and the pulmonary function was detected. Cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined and the expression of cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β was detected by ELISA and qPCR. The alveolar macrophage polarization was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry assay in vivo and by qPCR in vitro. The protein level of PPARγ and RXRα was measured by Western blot. RESULTS CS exposure induced significant emphysema, diminished FEV0.2/FVC, elevated PEF, and higher level of total cells, neutrophils and cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in BALF compared with control group, whereas rosiglitazone partly ameliorated above disorders. CS exposure activated M1 and M2 macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro, whereas rosiglitazone inhibited CS induced M1 macrophage polarization and decreased the ratio of M1/M2. The effects of rosiglitazone on macrophage polarization were partly blocked after AMs treated with the antagonists of PPARγ and RXRα, and were synergistically enhanced by the agonist of RXRα. CS exposure decreased the expression of PPARγ and RXRα in lung tissues and AMs, and rosiglitazone partly reversed CS-mediated suppression of PPARγ and RXRα. CONCLUSION Rosiglitazone ameliorated the emphysema and inflammation in lung tissues induced by CS exposure via inhibiting the M1 macrophage polarization through activating PPARγ and RXRα.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoshen Feng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yan Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Rui Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gaurav R, Mikuls TR, Thiele GM, Nelson AJ, Niu M, Guda C, Eudy JD, Barry AE, Wyatt TA, Romberger DJ, Duryee MJ, England BR, Poole JA. High-throughput analysis of lung immune cells in a combined murine model of agriculture dust-triggered airway inflammation with rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0240707. [PMID: 33577605 PMCID: PMC7880471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated lung disease is a leading cause of mortality in RA, yet the mechanisms linking lung disease and RA remain unknown. Using an established murine model of RA-associated lung disease combining collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) with organic dust extract (ODE)-induced airway inflammation, differences among lung immune cell populations were analyzed by single cell RNA-sequencing. Additionally, four lung myeloid-derived immune cell populations including macrophages, monocytes/macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils were isolated by fluorescence cell sorting and gene expression was determined by NanoString analysis. Unsupervised clustering revealed 14 discrete clusters among Sham, CIA, ODE, and CIA+ODE treatment groups: 3 neutrophils (inflammatory, resident/transitional, autoreactive/suppressor), 5 macrophages (airspace, differentiating/recruited, recruited, resident/interstitial, and proliferative airspace), 2 T-cells (differentiating and effector), and a single cluster each of inflammatory monocytes, dendritic cells, B-cells and natural killer cells. Inflammatory monocytes, autoreactive/suppressor neutrophils, and recruited/differentiating macrophages were predominant with arthritis induction (CIA and CIA+ODE). By specific lung cell isolation, several interferon-related and autoimmune genes were disproportionately expressed among CIA and CIA+ODE (e.g. Oasl1, Oas2, Ifit3, Gbp2, Ifi44, and Zbp1), corresponding to RA and RA-associated lung disease. Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells were reduced, while complement genes (e.g. C1s1 and Cfb) were uniquely increased in CIA+ODE mice across cell populations. Recruited and inflammatory macrophages/monocytes and neutrophils expressing interferon-, autoimmune-, and complement-related genes might contribute towards pro-fibrotic inflammatory lung responses following airborne biohazard exposures in setting of autoimmune arthritis and could be predictive and/or targeted to reduce disease burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Gaurav
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ted R. Mikuls
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey M. Thiele
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Amy J. Nelson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Meng Niu
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - James D. Eudy
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Austin E. Barry
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Todd A. Wyatt
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Debra J. Romberger
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Duryee
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Bryant R. England
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Jill A. Poole
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodgers AK, Smith JJ, Voss SR. Identification of immune and non-immune cells in regenerating axolotl limbs by single-cell sequencing. Exp Cell Res 2020; 394:112149. [PMID: 32562784 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells are known to be critical for successful limb regeneration in the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum), but many details regarding their identity, behavior, and function are yet to be resolved. We isolated peripheral leukocytes from the blood of adult axolotls and then created two samples for single-cell sequencing: 1) peripheral leukocytes (N = 7889) and 2) peripheral leukocytes with presumptive macrophages from the intraperitoneal cavity (N = 4998). Using k-means clustering, we identified 6 cell populations from each sample that presented gene expression patterns indicative of erythrocyte, thrombocyte, neutrophil, B-cell, T-cell, and myeloid cell populations. A seventh, presumptive macrophage cell population was identified uniquely from sample 2. We then isolated cells from amputated axolotl limbs at 1 and 6 days post-amputation (DPA) and performed single cell sequencing (N = 8272 and 9906 cells respectively) to identify immune and non-immune cell populations. Using k-means clustering, we identified 8 cell populations overall, with the majority of cells expressing erythrocyte-specific genes. Even though erythrocytes predominated, we used an unbiased approach to identify infiltrating neutrophil, macrophage, and lymphocyte populations at both time points. Additionally, populations expressing genes for epidermal cells, fibroblast-like cells, and endothelial cells were also identified. Consistent with results from previous experimental studies, neutrophils were more abundant at 1 DPA than 6 DPA, while macrophages and non-immune cells exhibited inverse abundance patterns. Of note, we identified a small population of fibroblast-like cells at 1 DPA that was represented by considerably more cells at 6 DPA. We hypothesize that these are early progenitor cells that give rise to the blastema. The enriched gene sets from our work will aid future single-cell investigations of immune cell diversity and function during axolotl limb regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A K Rodgers
- Department of Neuroscience, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Ambystoma Genetic Stock Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - J J Smith
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
| | - S R Voss
- Department of Neuroscience, Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Ambystoma Genetic Stock Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Yu Y, Wang Q, Wei S, Wang S, Qin Q, Yang M. PPAR-δ of orange-spotted grouper exerts antiviral activity against fish virus and regulates interferon signaling and inflammatory factors. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:38-49. [PMID: 31470135 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPAR-δ), also called PPAR-β or PPAR-β/δ, is a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family, which belongs to the nuclear steroid receptor superfamily. Activated PPARs participate in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and also affect cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and the immune responses. To investigate the roles of PPAR-δ in Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) infection, we cloned and characterized the gene encoding a PPAR-δ homologue from the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides (EcPPAR-δ). EcPPAR-δ encodes a 514-amino-acid polypeptide, with 95.29% and 74.76% homologue to the Seriola dumerili and human proteins, respectively. EcPPAR-δ contains a typical DNA-binding domain and a ligand-binding domain. Its expression was induced by SGIV infection in vitro. A subcellular localization analysis showed that EcPPAR-δ localizes throughout the cytoplasm and nucleus, with a diffuse intracellular expression pattern. SGIV replication was reduced by EcPPAR-δ overexpression, which was evident in the reduced severity of the cytopathic effect, reduced viral gene transcription, and the reduced expression of the viral capsid protein. The replication of SGIV increased with the knockdown of EcPPAR-δ. The overexpression and silencing of EcPPAR-δ in grouper spleen cells showed that EcPPAR-δ plays a positive role in the regulation of the interferon signaling pathway, but has an anti-inflammatory effect on the inflammatory response. The anti-inflammatory effect of EcPPAR-δ may be related to its function in maintaining cell homeostasis. Because the interferon signaling pathway plays an important role in antiviral immune responses, we speculate that the activation of the interferon signaling pathway by EcPPAR-δ overexpression underlies its inhibitory effect on SGIV replication. Together, our data greatly extend our understanding of the roles of the EcPPAR-δ family members in the pathogenesis of fish viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yepin Yu
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shina Wei
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Min Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
S N SG, Raviraj R, Nagarajan D, Zhao W. Radiation-induced lung injury: impact on macrophage dysregulation and lipid alteration - a review. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 41:370-379. [PMID: 30442050 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1533025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer deaths and more than one million lung cancer patients will die every year worldwide. Radiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in lung cancer treatment, but the side effects of RT are pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis. RT-induced lung injury causes damage to alveolar-epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells. Macrophages play an important role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis despite its role in immune response. These injury activated macrophages develop into classically activated M1 macrophage or alternative activated M2 macrophage. It secretes cytokines, interleukins, interferons, and nitric oxide. Several pro-inflammatory lipids and pro-apoptotic proteins cause lipotoxicity such as LDL, FC, DAG, and FFA. The overall findings in this review conclude the importance of macrophages in inducing toxic/inflammatory effects during RT of lung cancer, which is clinically vital to treat the radiation-induced fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Gowda S N
- a Radiation Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA Deemed University , Thanjavur , India
| | - Raghavi Raviraj
- a Radiation Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA Deemed University , Thanjavur , India
| | - Devipriya Nagarajan
- a Radiation Biology Laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology , SASTRA Deemed University , Thanjavur , India
| | - Weiling Zhao
- b School of Biomedical Informatics , The University of Texas Health Sciences Center , Houston , TX , USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sato E, Kamijo-Ikemori A, Oikawa T, Okuda A, Sugaya T, Kimura K, Nakamura T, Shibagaki Y. Urinary excretion of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein reflects the severity of sepsis. RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41100-017-0107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
10
|
Tan SJ, Zhang X, Jin XK, Li WW, Li JY, Wang Q. Fatty acid binding protein FABP3 from Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis participates in antimicrobial responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 43:264-274. [PMID: 25559445 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are members of the lipid-binding protein superfamily. Aside from the main functions of FABPs in the uptake and transport of fatty acids, they are also critical in innate immunology. In this work, the full-length cDNA for a Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis FABP (Es-FABP3) was cloned with an open reading frame of 402 bp encoding a 133 amino acid polypeptide. Analysis using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) revealed that Es-FABP3 transcripts were widely distributed in gills, muscle, intestine, hepatopancreas, eyestalk, heart, stomach, brain, thoracic ganglia and hemocytes. After challenge with pathogen associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMPs), the relative mRNA expression levels of Es-FABP3 increased in hepatopancreas, gills and hemocytes. Moreover, the mature recombinant Es-FABP3 protein exhibited different binding activities to bacteria and fungus and inhibited the growth of different microbes. These collective results demonstrated the role of Es-FABP3 in the immunoreactions of E. sinensis to PAMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jian Tan
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Kun Jin
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yao Li
- Aquatic Animal Breeding Center of Shanghai University Knowledge Service Platform, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chang HS, Park JS, Shin HR, Park BL, Shin HD, Park CS. Association analysis of FABP1 gene polymorphisms with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease in asthma. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:485-94. [PMID: 25338211 DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.927939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we used a proteomic approach to demonstrate that the protein level of fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) is increased in nasal polyps in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). To reveal the genetic effect of FABP1 variants, we evaluated the association of FABP1 polymorphisms with the risk of AERD in 207 asthmatics with AERD and 1019 aspirin-tolerant asthmatics (ATA). Seven polymorphisms of FABP1 were selected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (build 36) using minor allele frequency and linkage disequilibrium criteria. The genotype and haplotype distributions were not significantly different between the AERD and ATA groups in all of the genetic models. The percent decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) after the oral aspirin challenge (OAC) test did not differ according to single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes. In haplotype analysis, asthmatic patients who were BL2ht2 homozygotes showed a greater decline in FEV1 after the OAC test than subjects who possessed 1 or no copy of BL2ht2 (P = 0.035). However, these observations were not significant after correction for multiple comparisons (corrected P value = 1.00). Neither genotype nor haplotype was associated with the presence of nasal polyposis in the study subjects. Although we did not find a significant association between the FABP1 polymorphisms and AERD, our data suggest that the 7 SNPs are not associated with the increased expression of FABP1 in asthmatic patients with AERD. Further studies of epigenetic factors that may contribute to the increased expression of FABP1 in AERD should be performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hun Soo Chang
- 1Department of Medical Bioscience, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Miyazaki H, Sawada T, Kiyohira M, Yu Z, Nakamura K, Yasumoto Y, Kagawa Y, Ebrahimi M, Islam A, Sharifi K, Kawamura S, Kodama T, Yamamoto Y, Adachi Y, Tokuda N, Terai S, Sakaida I, Ishikawa T, Owada Y. Fatty acid binding protein 7 regulates phagocytosis and cytokine production in Kupffer cells during liver injury. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:2505-15. [PMID: 25041855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) are involved in the progression of liver diseases such as hepatitis and liver cancer. Several members of the fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are expressed by tissue macrophages, and FABP7 is localized only in KCs. To clarify the role of FABP7 in the regulation of KC function, we evaluated pathological changes of Fabp7 knockout mice during carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. During liver injury in Fabp7 knockout mice, serum liver enzymes were increased, cytokine expression (tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and transforming growth factor-β) was decreased in the liver, and the number of KCs in the liver necrotic area was significantly decreased. Interestingly, in the FABP7-deficient KCs, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells was impaired, and expression of the scavenger receptor CD36 was markedly decreased. In chronic liver injury, Fabp7 knockout mice showed less fibrogenic response to carbon tetrachloride compared with wild-type mice. Taken together, FABP7 is involved in the liver injury process through its regulation of KC phagocytic activity and cytokine production. Such modulation of KC function by FABP7 may provide a novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Miyazaki
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Tomoo Sawada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Miwa Kiyohira
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- Department of Molecular Regulation, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiji Nakamura
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Yuki Yasumoto
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Kagawa
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Majid Ebrahimi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Ariful Islam
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Kazem Sharifi
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Saki Kawamura
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Takanori Kodama
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Yui Yamamoto
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Adachi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tokuda
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Isao Sakaida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Toshizo Ishikawa
- Division of Neurosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Yuji Owada
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yin Y, Hou G, Li ER, Wang QY, Kang J. Regulation of cigarette smoke-induced toll-like receptor 4 expression by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists in bronchial epithelial cells. Respirology 2014; 18 Suppl 3:30-9. [PMID: 24188201 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study was designed to determine the effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) on airway inflammatory response to cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. METHODS For the in vivo experiments, 50 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups and were exposed to CS and pretreatment with a PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone or a vehicle (saline). PPARγ antagonist bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) or saline was administered before rosiglitazone treatment. Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PPARγ and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. For the in vitro experiments, human bronchial epithelial cells were stimulated with CS or phosphate buffer saline, pretreated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone or 15-deoxy-(Δ12,14)-PG J2 before CS exposure. BADGE was administered prior to the agonist treatment. PPARγ, TLR4 and inhibitor of κB (IκBα) expression levels were assessed by Western bot. RESULTS CS exposure decreased PPARγ expression, as well as increased IL-8, LTB4 and TLR4 expression levels in bronchial epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, PPARγ ligands counteracted CS-induced airway inflammation by reducing IL-8 and LTB4 expression levels that are associated with TLR4 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). CONCLUSION CS exposure increased the pro-inflammatory activity of bronchial epithelial cells by affecting PPARγ expression. Moreover, PPARγ may play a significant role as a modulator of the TLR4-dependent inflammatory pathway through NF-κB in bronchial epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yin
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yin Y, Hou G, Li E, Wang Q, Kang J. PPARγ agonists regulate tobacco smoke-induced Toll like receptor 4 expression in alveolar macrophages. Respir Res 2014; 15:28. [PMID: 24612634 PMCID: PMC4007599 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-15-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that exerts multiple biological effects. Growing evidence suggests that PPARγ plays an important role in inflammation; however, the effects of this transcription factor on the inflammation caused by smoking are unclear. Methods We measured the expression of inflammatory cytokines (leukotriene B4, LTB4 and interleukin 8, IL-8), PPARγ and toll-like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) harvested from rats exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) for 3 months in vivo. Some of the rats were pre-treated with rosiglitazone (PPARγ agonist, 3 mg/kg/day, ip), rosiglitazone (3 mg/kg/day, ip) + BADGE (bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, a PPARγ antagonist, 30 mg/kg/day, ig), or BADGE alone (30 mg/kg/day, ig). We also measured the expression of PPARγ, TLR2, TLR4 and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in AMs gained from normal rats, which exposed to 5% CSE (cigarette smoke extract) for 12hrs, respectively pretreated with PBS, rosiglitazone (30 uM), rosiglitazone (30 uM) + BADGE (100 uM), 15d-PGJ2 (PPARγ agonist, 5 uM), 15d-PGJ2 (5 uM) + BADGE (100 uM), or BADGE (100 uM) alone for 30 min in vitro. Results In vivo, rosiglitazone counteracted CS-induced LTB4 and IL-8 release and PPARγ downregulation, markedly lowering the expression of TLR4 and TLR2. In vitro, both rosiglitazone and 15d-PGJ2 inhibited CS-induced inflammation through the TLR4 signaling pathway. Conclusions These results suggest that PPARγ agonists regulate inflammation in alveolar macrophages and may play a role in inflammatory diseases such as COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiuyue Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang City, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
PPARs, most notably PPAR-gamma, play a crucial role in regulating the activation of alveolar macrophages, which in turn occupy a pivotal place in the immune response to pathogens and particulates drawn in with inspired air. In this review, we describe the dual role of the alveolar macrophage as both a first-line defender through its phagocytotic activity and a regulator of the immune response. Depending on its state of activation, the alveolar macrophage may either enhance or suppress different aspects of immune function in the lung. We then review the role of PPAR-gamma and its ligands in deactivating alveolar macrophages-thus limiting the inflammatory response that, if unchecked, could threaten the essential respiratory function of the alveolus-while upregulating the cell's phagocytotic activity. Finally, we examine the role that inadequate or inappropriate PPAR-gamma responses play in specific lung diseases.
Collapse
|
16
|
L-FABP T94A decreased fatty acid uptake and altered hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation in Chang liver cells stably transfected with L-FABP. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 345:207-14. [PMID: 20721681 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP, FABP1) is a highly conserved key factor in lipid metabolism. This study was undertaken to verify whether the T94A mutation in the L-FABP gene affects fatty acid uptake and intracellular esterification into specific lipid pools. Candidate SNPs were recreated using site-directed mutagenesis and tested for physical function in stably transfected Chang liver cell lines. We found that the T94A mutant of L-FABP lowered FFA uptake but had no effect on FFA efflux. L-FABP T94A-expressing cells showed decreased triglyceride content and increased cholesterol accumulation compared to the wild-type control for cells incubated with an FFA mixture (oleate: palmitate, 2:1 ratio). In conclusion, our study provided additional indications of the functional relevance of the L-FABP T94A SNP in hepatic fatty acid and lipid metabolism in humans.
Collapse
|
17
|
Karanth S, Denovan-Wright EM, Thisse C, Thisse B, Wright JM. Tandem duplication of the fabp1b gene and subsequent divergence of the tissue-specific distribution of fabp1b.1 and fabp1b.2 transcripts in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Genome 2010; 52:985-92. [PMID: 19953126 DOI: 10.1139/g09-071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We describe a fatty acid-binding protein 1 (fabp1b.2) gene and its tissue-specific expression in zebrafish embryos and adults. The 3.5 kb zebrafish fabp1b.2 gene is the paralog of the previously described zebrafish fabp1a and fabp1b genes. Using the LN54 radiation hybrid mapping panel, we assigned the zebrafish fabp1b.2 gene to linkage group 8, the same linkage group to which fabp1b.1 was mapped. fabp1b.1 and fabp1b.2 appear to have arisen by a tandem duplication event. Whole-mount in situ hybridization of a riboprobe to embryos and larvae detected fabp1b.2 transcripts in the diencephalon and as spots in the periphery of the yolk sac. In adult zebrafish, in situ hybridization revealed fabp1b.2 transcripts in the anterior intestine and skin, and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) detected fabp1b.2 transcripts in the intestine, brain, heart, ovary, skin, and eye. By contrast, fabp1b.1 transcripts were detected by RT-PCR in the liver, intestine, heart, testis, ovary, and gills. The tissue-specific distribution of transcripts for the tandemly duplicated fabp1b.1 and fabp1b.2 genes in adult tissues and during development suggests that the duplicated fabp1b genes of zebrafish have acquired additional functions compared with the ancestral fabp1 gene, i.e., by neofunctionalization. Furthermore, these functions were subsequently divided between fabp1b.1 and fabp1b.2 owing to subfunctionalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Karanth
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yan J, Gong Y, She YM, Wang G, Roberts MS, Burczynski FJ. Molecular mechanism of recombinant liver fatty acid binding protein's antioxidant activity. J Lipid Res 2009; 50:2445-54. [PMID: 19474456 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m900177-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes expressing liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) are known to be more resistant to oxidative stress than those devoid of this protein. The mechanism for the observed antioxidant activity is not known. We examined the antioxidant mechanism of a recombinant rat L-FABP in the presence of a hydrophilic (AAPH) or lipophilic (AMVN) free radical generator. Recombinant L-FABP amino acid sequence and its amino acid oxidative products following oxidation were identified by MALDI quadrupole time-of-flight MS after being digested by endoproteinase Glu-C. L-FABP was observed to have better antioxidative activity when free radicals were generated by the hydrophilic generator than by the lipophilic generator. Oxidative modification of L-FABP included up to five methionine oxidative peptide products with a total of approximately 80 Da mass shift compared with native L-FABP. Protection against lipid peroxidation of L-FABP after binding with palmitate or alpha-bromo-palmitate by the AAPH or AMVN free radical generators indicated that ligand binding can partially block antioxidant activity. We conclude that the mechanism of L-FABP's antioxidant activity is through inactivation of the free radicals by L-FABP's methionine and cysteine amino acids. Moreover, exposure of the L-FABP binding site further promotes its antioxidant activity. In this manner, L-FABP serves as a hepatocellular antioxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist attenuates oxidized-low density lipoprotein induced immune maturation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Chin Med J (Engl) 2008. [DOI: 10.1097/00029330-200809010-00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
20
|
Cwinn MA, Jones SP, Kennedy SW. Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate or fenofibrate causes PPAR-alpha dependent transcriptional responses in chicken embryo hepatocytes. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2008; 148:165-71. [PMID: 18565798 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2007] [Revised: 05/04/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a globally distributed environmental contaminant that is detected in the serum and liver of numerous mammalian and avian species. PFOS acts as a peroxisome proliferator in rodents, which occurs subsequent to activation of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha). Activated PPAR-alpha up-regulates PPAR-alpha target genes, most of which are involved in lipid metabolism. Although several studies have investigated the effects of PFOS exposure on mammalian gene expression, there are few studies in avian species. To determine if PFOS is capable of activating avian PPAR-alpha, we exposed chicken embryo primary hepatocyte cultures (N=3 independent cell cultures) to PFOS or fenofibrate, a mammalian PPAR-alpha agonist, and examined the expression of PPAR-alpha and PPAR-alpha target genes using quantitative real-time PCR. The target genes examined were peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX), liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), enoyl-Coenzyme A, hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl Coenzyme A dehydrogenase bifunctional enzyme (BIEN), peroxisomal 3-ketoacyl thiolase (PKT), and malic enzyme (ME). All five target genes were induced in response to PFOS exposure and all of the target genes, except L-FABP, were induced in response to fenofibrate. PPAR-alpha mRNA expression was not altered by PFOS or fenofibrate. This study provides the first evidence that PFOS can induce PPAR-alpha-dependent transcriptional responses in an avian species and provides the first characterization of fenofibrate induced transcriptional responses in chicken embryo hepatocyte cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Cwinn
- Department of Biology and Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li WJ, Li HB, Chen JL, Zhao GP, Zheng MQ, Wen J. Gene Expression of Heart- and Adipocyte-Fatty Acid-Binding Protein and Correlation With Intramuscular Fat in Chinese Chickens. Anim Biotechnol 2008; 19:189-93. [DOI: 10.1080/10495390802058319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
22
|
Yamamoto N, Kaneko I, Motohashi K, Sakagami H, Adachi Y, Tokuda N, Sawada T, Furukawa H, Ueyama Y, Fukunaga K, Ono M, Kondo H, Owada Y. Fatty acid-binding protein regulates LPS-induced TNF-alpha production in mast cells. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2008; 79:21-6. [PMID: 18678477 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing evidence for the involvement of fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) in the cytokine production of macrophages and dendritic cells probably through the control of cellular lipid metabolism and signal transduction. Since mast cells (MCs) are recently shown to be involved in immune response through modification of cytokine production, it is possible that some FABPs could also be involved in the immune response of MCs. In this study, we found that epidermal-type FABP (E-FABP) was expressed in murine bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs). Using BMMCs from genetically E-FABP-null mutated mice, we demonstrated that E-FABP in BMMCs plays a key role in the production of TNF-alpha following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. In the in vivo septic peritonitis model (cecal ligation and puncture model), E-FABP-null mice showed a significantly increased mortality compared to wild-type mice. However, no significant difference in antigen-induced cytokine production was observed between wild-type and E-FABP-null BMMCs, and systemic anaphylaxis was equally induced in vivo in both wild-type and E-FABP-null mice. These results suggest that E-FABP is specifically involved in the LPS-induced cytokine production of MCs, and could play a role in the host-defense against bacterial infection, possibly through regulation of TNF-alpha production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Yamamoto
- Department of Organ Anatomy, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami Kogushi, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wagatsuma A. Adipogenic potential can be activated during muscle regeneration. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 304:25-33. [PMID: 17487458 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-007-9482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2006] [Accepted: 04/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fatty degeneration is observed in various neuromuscular diseases, but the mechanism(s) of its initiation remains unclear. To gain insight into the regulation of fatty degeneration, we employed a freeze-induced model of muscle degeneration/regeneration. Using this model, we examined the distribution of adipocyte-like cells with Oil Red-O staining and the expression pattern of adipogenic transcriptional factors, an adipocyte-terminal differentiation marker, and Wnt10b signaling molecules during muscle regeneration. Mice were subjected to freeze injury, and the gastrocnemius muscles were isolated 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 28 days after surgery. Adipocyte-like cells with nuclei were readily observed, but not in normal muscle. Large amount of lipid accumulation was also observed in regenerating muscle. The area of Oil Red-O staining was significantly increased from 3 to 5 days after muscle injury and then rapidly decreased to almost control levels by day 10. Adipogenic transcriptional factors, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins alpha, beta and delta, peroxisome-proliferator activated receptors gamma1 and gamma2, and the terminal differentiation marker, leptin were significantly up-regulated in the early stage of muscle regeneration, suggesting activation of the adipogenic potential. Secreted Frizzled-related protein-2, a Wnt pathway inhibitory protein, was strongly up-regulated 3 days after muscle injury, suggesting active repression of the Wnt10b pathway. In regenerating muscle, expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor gamma2 proteins were increased 3 days after muscle injury. Taken together, our results suggest that adipogenic potential can be activated during muscle regeneration through increased adipogenic signaling in conjunction with decreased Wnt10b signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Wagatsuma
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, National Institute of Fitness and Sports, 1 Shiromizu, Kanoya, Kagoshima 891-2393, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dubrac S, Stoitzner P, Pirkebner D, Elentner A, Schoonjans K, Auwerx J, Saeland S, Hengster P, Fritsch P, Romani N, Schmuth M. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α Activation Inhibits Langerhans Cell Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 178:4362-72. [PMID: 17371993 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.7.4362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) play a pivotal role in initiating and maintaining primary immune responses in the skin. In the present study, we asked whether peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) activation modulates LC function. Our results show that PPARalpha is expressed in immature LC and is down-regulated in mature LC suggesting that an early decrease of PPARalpha expression in LC may allow them to mature after contact with an Ag. We further show that pharmacologic PPARalpha activation inhibits LC maturation, migratory capacity, cytokine expression, and the ability to drive T cell proliferation. Moreover, PPARalpha activation inhibits NF-kappaB but not stress-activated protein kinase/JNK, p38MAPK, and ERK1/2. In conclusion, PPARalpha activation by endogenous ligands may provide a molecular signal that allows LC to remain in an immature state within the epidermis for extended periods of time despite minor environmental stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Dubrac
- Department of Dermatology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lachmann RA, Werchan S, Schachtrup C, Haitsma JJ, Spener F, Lachmann B. Liver-type fatty acid binding protein in serum and broncho-alveolar lavage in a model of acute respiratory failure because of surfactant depletion--a possible marker for lung damage? Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2007; 26:371-5. [PMID: 17042904 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-097x.2006.00703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver-type fatty acid binding proteins (L-FABP) have been shown to be present in alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes of the lung. This study determined levels of L-FABP in serum and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) during experimental acute respiratory failure (ARF) to evaluate whether this molecule can serve as a marker for lung damage. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24) were ventilated and either lung lavaged or lavaged and treated with surfactant, and compared to ventilated, non-lavaged controls. Blood samples were drawn every hour for 4 h to measure L-FABP concentrations in serum. At the end of the experiment a BAL was performed to determine L-FABP levels in BAL fluid. L-FABP was measured with a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Serum L-FABP concentrations rose significantly during the first 2 h of ventilation in all groups compared with baseline values. After 2 h L-FABP levels were significantly higher in lavaged animals compared with the ventilated controls and to animals treated with surfactant. After 4 h of ventilation, L-FABP in BAL was significantly higher in lavaged, non-surfactant treated animals compared with the ventilated controls. CONCLUSION In the early phase of experimental ARF serum L-FABP levels correlate well with the degree of lung injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Lachmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Erasmus MC-Faculty, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dunn SE, Ousman SS, Sobel RA, Zuniga L, Baranzini SE, Youssef S, Crowell A, Loh J, Oksenberg J, Steinman L. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha expression in T cells mediates gender differences in development of T cell-mediated autoimmunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 204:321-30. [PMID: 17261635 PMCID: PMC2118721 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20061839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor (PPAR)α is a nuclear receptor that mediates gender differences in lipid metabolism. PPARα also functions to control inflammatory responses by repressing the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and c-jun in immune cells. Because PPARα is situated at the crossroads of gender and immune regulation, we hypothesized that this gene may mediate sex differences in the development of T cell–mediated autoimmune disease. We show that PPARα is more abundant in male as compared with female CD4+ cells and that its expression is sensitive to androgen levels. Genetic ablation of this gene selectively removed the brake on NF-κB and c-jun activity in male T lymphocytes, resulting in higher production of interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor (but not interleukin 17), and lower production of T helper (Th)2 cytokines. Upon induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, male but not female PPARα−/− mice developed more severe clinical signs that were restricted to the acute phase of disease. These results suggest that males are less prone to develop Th1-mediated autoimmunity because they have higher T cell expression of PPARα.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Dunn
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Studies, and 2Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rolph MS, Young TR, Shum BOV, Gorgun CZ, Schmitz-Peiffer C, Ramshaw IA, Hotamisligil GS, Mackay CR. Regulation of dendritic cell function and T cell priming by the fatty acid-binding protein AP2. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 177:7794-801. [PMID: 17114450 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.11.7794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family consists of a number of conserved cytoplasmic proteins with roles in intracellular lipid transport, storage, and metabolism. Examination of a comprehensive leukocyte gene expression database revealed strong expression of the adipocyte FABP aP2 in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). We isolated bone marrow-derived DC from aP2-deficient mice, and showed that expression of DC cytokines including IL-12 and TNF was significantly impaired in these cells. Degradation of IkappaBalpha was also impaired in aP2-deficient DCs, indicative of reduced signaling through the IkappaB kinase-NF-kappaB pathway. The cytokine defect was selective because there was no effect on Ag uptake or expression of MHC class II, CD40, CD80, or CD86. In an MLR, aP2-deficient DCs stimulated markedly lower T cell proliferation and cytokine production than did wild-type DCs. Moreover, aP2-deficient mice immunized with keyhole limpet hemocyanin/CFA showed reduced production of IFN-gamma by restimulated draining lymph node cells, suggesting a similar defect in DC function in vivo. Similarly, infection of aP2-deficient mice with the natural mouse pathogen ectromelia virus resulted in substantially lower production of IFN-gamma by CD8+ T cells. Thus, FABP aP2 plays an important role in DC function and T cell priming, and provides an additional link between metabolic processes and the regulation of immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Rolph
- Immunology and Inflammation Research Program, Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Söderhäll I, Tangprasittipap A, Liu H, Sritunyalucksana K, Prasertsan P, Jiravanichpaisal P, Söderhäll K. Characterization of a hemocyte intracellular fatty acid-binding protein from crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) and shrimp (Penaeus monodon). FEBS J 2006; 273:2902-12. [PMID: 16734719 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are small members of the superfamily of lipid-binding proteins, which occur in invertebrates and vertebrates. Included in this superfamily are the cellular retinoic acid-binding proteins and retinol-binding proteins, which seem to be restricted to vertebrates. Here, we report the cDNA cloning and characterization of two FABPs from hemocytes of the freshwater crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus and the shrimp Penaeus monodon. In both these proteins, the binding triad residues involved in interaction with ligand carboxylate groups are present. From the sequence and homology modeling, the proteins are probably FABPs and not retinoic acid-binding proteins. The crayfish transcript (plFABP) was detected at high level in hemocytes, hepatopancreas, intestine and ovary and at low level in hematopoietic tissue and testis. Its expression in hematopoietic cells varied depending on the state of the crayfish from which it was isolated. Expression was 10-15 times higher in cultures isolated from crayfish with red colored plasma, in which hemocyte synthesis was high, if retinoic acid was added to the culture medium. In normal colored crayfish, with normal levels of hemocytes, no increase in expression of p1FABP was detected. Two other putative plFABP ligands, stearic acid and oleic acid, did not have any effect on plFABP expression in hematopoietic cells. These results suggest that retinoic acid-dependent signaling may be present in crustaceans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Söderhäll
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Puskás LG, Bereczki E, Sántha M, Vigh L, Csanádi G, Spener F, Ferdinandy P, Onochy A, Kitajka K. Cholesterol and cholesterol plus DHA diet-induced gene expression and fatty acid changes in mouse eye and brain. Biochimie 2005; 86:817-24. [PMID: 15589691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2004.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2004] [Accepted: 10/08/2004] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Both cholesterol and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism play an important role in retinal and brain development and function. Dietary intake of cholesterol is accompanied with higher risk of heart disease and was suggested to have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, while dietary PUFAs were reported to act in an opposite way. The same phenomena could be seen in case of inflammation. These effects are mainly realized through gene expression changes. In the present study, the effects of dietary cholesterol and the combination of cholesterol and fish oil were analyzed on the modulation of fatty acid composition and gene expression in the brain and in the eye. At the transcription level, specific changes could be detected in both tissues among transcription factor genes coding for sterol regulatory element binding proteins, retinoid X receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and different fatty acid binding protein genes by using quantitative real-time PCR. In the eye, cholesterol diet attenuated the positive effects of fish oil on inflammatory gene expression as the combined diet resulted in increased RNAm level of phospholipase A-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, TNF-alpha, COX-1, COX-2 and cytokine, ICAM-1. This induction was absent in the brain. Complex changes could be also recorded in the fatty acid composition of lipids extracted from eye and brain tissue due to the dietary intervention. One of the most interesting changes was the reduced level of docosahexaenoic acid by cholesterol in the eye. Our results on fatty acid composition and gene expression changes may open up new alleys in understanding the complex roles of cholesterol and PUFAs in normal and pathological visual and brain function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- László G Puskás
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Piumngam P, Schachtrup C, Owada Y, Kondo H, Promptmas C, Spener F. Expression of liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in murine lung and its release into serum upon challenge of lung with lipopolysaccharide. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200501133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|