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Li Z, Tang S, Shi Z, Li B, Feng D, Xie D, Han T, Li C. Multi-scale cellular PLA-based bionic scaffold to promote bone regrowth and repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125511. [PMID: 37356693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Large bone defects have presented a significant challenge in orthopedic treatments, and the emergence of tissue-engineered scaffolds has introduced new avenues for treatment. Nonetheless, the clinical application of such scaffolds has been hindered by drawbacks like inadequate mechanical properties, and deficient osteogenesis. Herein, a biocompatible polylactic acid (PLA) based composite was proposed to emulate cancellous bone's morphology by incorporating nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA). In addition, a quantity of Mg2+ and chitosan (CS) as active osteogenic factors were adopted to imitate the bone marrow mesenchymal components in vivo. Using a pre-evaporated solvent and sacrificial multi-template techniques, the cellular PLA-based tissue engineering scaffolds containing macropores larger than 100 μm and micropores smaller than 10 μm were developed. The scaffold's bionic structure, osteogenic active component, and multi-scale cellular make it comparable to cancellous bone, with favorable mechanical properties and hydrophilicity. Vitro tests using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) demonstrated the scaffold's excellent biocompatibility to induce high efficiency of osteogenic differentiation. The bionic porous scaffold with multi-scale cellular structure also can recruit rBMSCs, promote bone regrowth and osteogenic differentiation, and facilitate the regeneration of defective bone tissue for repair. This contribution presented a promising strategy for future advancements in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Bin Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Dong Feng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Delong Xie
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials, The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Tao Han
- Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, China
| | - Chengyong Li
- Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, China..
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Park SY, Kang JH, Kim HS, Hwang JY, Shin US. Electrical and thermal stimulus-responsive nanocarbon-based 3D hydrogel sponge for switchable drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:2367-2382. [PMID: 35088797 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06074k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Smart hydrogels that are responsive to various external (e.g. electrical and/or thermal) stimulation have become increasingly popular in recent years for simple, rapid, and precise drug delivery that can be controlled and turned on or off with external stimuli. For such a switchable drug delivery material, highly homogeneous dispersion and distribution of the hydrophobic, electrically conductive nanomaterials throughout a hydrophilic three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel network remains a challenge and is essential for achieving well-connected electrical and thermal conducting paths. Herein we developed electrical and thermal stimulus-responsive 3D hydrogels based on (i) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the core unit and an electrical/thermal conductor, (ii) chitosan (Chit) as the shell unit and a hydrophilic dispersant, and (iii) poly(NIPAAm-co-BBVIm) (pNIBBIm) as the drug carrier and a temperature-responsive copolymer. By formulating the CNT-core and Chit-shell units and constructing a CNT sponge framework, uniform distribution and 3D connectivity of the CNTs were improved. The 3D hydrogel based on the CNT sponge, namely the 3D frame CNT-Chit/pNIBBIm hydrogel, delivered approximately 37% of a drug, ketoprofen used for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain, during about 30% shrinkage after electrical and thermal switches on/off and exhibited the best potential for future use in a smart transdermal drug delivery system. The physicochemical, mechanical, electrical, thermal, and biocompatible characteristics of this nanocarbon-based 3D frame hydrogel led to remarkable electrical and thermal stimulus-responsive properties capable of developing an excellent controllable and switchable drug delivery platform for biomedical engineering and medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yu Park
- Innovative Carbon-Bio-Convergence Lab., Korea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency (kcarbon), 110-11 Ballyong-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Hye Kang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sem Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Hwang
- Innovative Carbon-Bio-Convergence Lab., Korea Carbon Industry Promotion Agency (kcarbon), 110-11 Ballyong-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ueon Sang Shin
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Esbah Tabaei PS, Asadian M, Ghobeira R, Cools P, Thukkaram M, Derakhshandeh PG, Abednatanzi S, Van Der Voort P, Verbeken K, Vercruysse C, Declercq H, Morent R, De Geyter N. Combinatorial effects of coral addition and plasma treatment on the properties of chitosan/polyethylene oxide nanofibers intended for bone tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Rahman MS, Rana MM, Spitzhorn LS, Akhtar N, Hasan MZ, Choudhury N, Fehm T, Czernuszka JT, Adjaye J, Asaduzzaman SM. Fabrication of biocompatible porous scaffolds based on hydroxyapatite/collagen/chitosan composite for restoration of defected maxillofacial mandible bone. Prog Biomater 2019; 8:137-154. [PMID: 31144260 PMCID: PMC6825626 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-019-0113-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabrication of scaffolds from biomaterials for restoration of defected mandible bone has attained increased attention due to limited accessibility of natural bone for grafting. Hydroxyapatite (Ha), collagen type 1 (Col1) and chitosan (Cs) are widely used biomaterials which could be fabricated as a scaffold to overcome the paucity of bone substitutes. Here, rabbit Col1, shrimp Cs and bovine Ha were extracted and characterized with respect to physicochemical properties. Following the biocompatibility, degradability and cytotoxicity tests for Ha, Col1 and Cs a hydroxyapatite/collagen/chitosan (Ha·Col1·Cs) scaffold was fabricated using thermally induced phase separation technique. This scaffold was cross-linked with (1) either glutaraldehyde (GTA), (2) de-hydrothermal treatment (DTH), (3) irradiation (IR) and (4) 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), resulting in four independent types (Ha·Col1·Cs-GTA, Ha·Col1·Cs-IR, Ha·Col1·Cs-DTH and Ha·Col1·Cs-HEMA). The developed composite scaffolds were porous with 3D interconnected fiber microstructure. However, Ha·Col1·Cs-IR and Ha·Col1·Cs-GTA showed better hydrophilicity and biodegradability. All four scaffolds showed desirable blood biocompatibility without cytotoxicity for brine shrimp. In vitro studies in the presence of human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells revealed that Ha·Col1·Cs-IR and Ha·Col1·Cs-DHT scaffolds were non-cytotoxic and compatible for cell attachment, growth and mineralization. Further, grafting of Ha·Col1·Cs-IR and Ha·Col1·Cs-DHT was performed in a surgically created non-load-bearing rabbit maxillofacial mandible defect model. Histological and radiological observations indicated the restoration of defected bone. Ha·Col1·Cs-IR and Ha·Col1·Cs-DHT could be used as an alternative treatment in bone defects and may contribute to further development of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shaifur Rahman
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Md Masud Rana
- Institute of Tissue Banking and Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, 1349, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Lucas-Sebastian Spitzhorn
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Naznin Akhtar
- School of Medicine, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, 3217, Australia
| | - Md Zahid Hasan
- Institute of Tissue Banking and Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, 1349, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Tanja Fehm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan T Czernuszka
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sikder M Asaduzzaman
- Institute of Tissue Banking and Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, 1349, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Willerth SM, Sakiyama-Elbert SE. Combining Stem Cells and Biomaterial Scaffolds for Constructing Tissues and Cell Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/stj-180001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Combining stem cells with biomaterial scaffolds serves as a promising strategy for engineering tissues for both in vitro and in vivo applications. This updated review details commonly used biomaterial scaffolds for engineering tissues from stem cells. We first define the different types of stem cells and their relevant properties and commonly used scaffold formulations. Next, we discuss natural and synthetic scaffold materials typically used when engineering tissues, along with their associated advantages and drawbacks and gives examples of target applications. New approaches to engineering tissues, such as 3D bioprinting, are described as they provide exciting opportunities for future work along with current challenges that must be addressed. Thus, this review provides an overview of the available biomaterials for directing stem cell differentiation as a means of producing replacements for diseased or damaged tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Willerth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, VIC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, VIC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Chai L, Quan R, Hu J, Huang X, Lü J, Zhang C, Qiu R, Cai B. [ In vitro study of bone morphogenetic protein 2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system composite hydroxyapatite/zirconium dioxide foam ceramics and induced pluripotent stem cells derived mesenchymal stem cells]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2019; 33:252-258. [PMID: 30739425 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201809060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To construct bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system, co-implant with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2) bio porous ceramic foam, co-culture in vitro, and to explore the effect of sustained-release system on osteogenic differentiation of iPS-MSCs. Methods BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil solution. Drug encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and in vitro sustained release rate of the microspheres were tested. HA/ZrO 2 bio porous ceramic foam composite iPS-MSCs and BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system co-culture system was established as experimental group, and cell scaffold complex without BMP-2 composite gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained release system as control group. After 3, 7, 10, and 14 days of co-culture in the two groups, ALP secretion of cells was detected; gene expression levels of core binding factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1), collagen type Ⅰ, and Osterix (OSX) were detected by RT-PCR; the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was observed by immunohistochemical staining at 14 days of culture; and cell creep and adhesion were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system had better drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading, and could prolong the activity time of BMP-2. The secretion of ALP and the relative expression of Cbfa1, collagen type Ⅰ, and OSX genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at different time points in the in vitro co-culture system ( P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of fluorescence in the experimental group was significantly more than that in the control group, i.e. the expression level of collagen type Ⅰ was higher than that in the control group. The cells could be more evenly distributed on the materials, and the cell morphology was good. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sustained-release system could adhere to cells well. Conclusion iPS-MSCs have the ability of osteogenic differentiation, which is significantly enhanced by BMP-2 gelatin/chitosan hydrogel sustained-release system. The combination of iPS-MSCs and sustained-release system can adhere to the materials well, and the cell activity is better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chai
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053, P.R.China
| | - Renfu Quan
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine College, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 311200,
| | - Jintao Hu
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053, P.R.China
| | - Xiaolong Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine College, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 311200, P.R.China
| | - Jianlan Lü
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053, P.R.China
| | - Can Zhang
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310053, P.R.China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine College, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 311200, P.R.China
| | - Bingbing Cai
- Department of Spine Surgery, Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine College, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 311200, P.R.China
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Shao RX, Quan RF, Wang T, Du WB, Jia GY, Wang D, Lv LB, Xu CY, Wei XC, Wang JF, Yang DS. Effects of a bone graft substitute consisting of porous gradient HA/ZrO 2 and gelatin/chitosan slow-release hydrogel containing BMP-2 and BMSCs on lumbar vertebral defect repair in rhesus monkey. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1813-e1825. [PMID: 29055138 DOI: 10.1002/term.2601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dense biomaterial plays an important role in bone replacement. However, it fails to induce bone cell migration into graft material. In the present study, a novel bone graft substitute (BGS) consisting of porous gradient hydroxyapatite/zirconia composite (PGHC) and gelatin/chitosan slow-release hydrogel containing bone morphogenetic protein 2 and bone mesenchymal stem cells was designed and prepared to repair lumbar vertebral defects. The morphological characteristics of the BGS evaluated by a scanning electron microscope showed that it had a three-dimensional network structure with uniformly distributed chitosan microspheres on the surfaces of the graft material and the interior of the pores. Then, BGS (Group A), PGHC (Group B), or autologous bone (Group C) was implanted into lumbar vertebral body defects in a total of 24 healthy rhesus monkeys. After 8 and 16 weeks, anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the lumbar spine, microcomputed tomography, histomorphometry, biomechanical testing, and biochemical testing for bone matrix markers, including Type I collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin, basic fibroblast growth factor, alkaline phosphatase, and vascular endothelial growth factor, were performed to examine the reparative efficacy of the BGS and PGHC. The BGS displayed excellent ability to repair the lumbar vertebral defect in rhesus monkeys. Radiography, microcomputed tomography scanning, and histomorphological characterization showed that the newly formed bone volume in the interior of the pores in the BGS was significantly higher than in the PGHC. The results of biomechanical testing indicated that the vertebral body compression strength of the PGHC implant was lower than the other implants. Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses showed that the expression of bone-related proteins in the BGS implant was significantly higher than in the PGHC implant. The BGS displayed reparative effects similar to autologous bone. Therefore, BGS use in vertebral bone defect repair appears promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Xue Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ren-Fu Quan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Bin Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gao-Yong Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Long-Bao Lv
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Cai-Yin Xu
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xi-Cheng Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Fu Wang
- Institute of Cell and Development, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Di-Sheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Courtenay JC, Deneke C, Lanzoni EM, Costa CA, Bae Y, Scott JL, Sharma RI. Modulating cell response on cellulose surfaces; tunable attachment and scaffold mechanics. CELLULOSE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 25:925-940. [PMID: 31983816 PMCID: PMC6954015 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-017-1612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Combining surface chemical modification of cellulose to introduce positively charged trimethylammonium groups by reaction with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) allowed for direct attachment of mammalian MG-63 cells, without addition of protein modifiers, or ligands. Very small increases in the surface charge resulted in significant increases in cell attachment: at a degree of substitution (DS) of only 1.4%, MG-63 cell attachment was > 90% compared to tissue culture plastic, whereas minimal attachment occurred on unmodified cellulose. Cell attachment plateaued above DS of ca. 1.85% reflecting a similar trend in surface charge, as determined from ζ-potential measurements and capacitance coupling (electric force microscopy). Cellulose film stiffness was modulated by cross linking with glyoxal (0.3-2.6% degree of crosslinking) to produce a range of materials with surface shear moduli from 76 to 448 kPa (measured using atomic force microscopy). Cell morphology on these materials could be regulated by tuning the stiffness of the scaffolds. Thus, we report tailored functionalised biomaterials based on cationic cellulose that can be tuned through surface reaction and glyoxal crosslinkin+g, to influence the attachment and morphology of cells. These scaffolds are the first steps towards materials designed to support cells and to regulate cell morphology on implanted biomaterials using only scaffold and cells, i.e. without added adhesion promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C. Courtenay
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Christoph Deneke
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Centre for National Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Evandro M. Lanzoni
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Centre for National Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carlos A. Costa
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Centre for National Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Yongho Bae
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA
| | - Janet L. Scott
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Ram I. Sharma
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
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Naghizadeh F, Solouk A, Khoulenjani SB. Osteochondral scaffolds based on electrospinning method: General review on new and emerging approaches. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2017.1393682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Naghizadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Solouk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadab Bagheri Khoulenjani
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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Lee YT, Yu BY, Shao HJ, Chang CH, Sun YM, Liu HC, Hou SM, Young TH. Effects of the surface characteristics of nano-crystalline and micro-particle calcium phosphate/chitosan composite films on the behavior of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 22:2369-88. [PMID: 21144163 DOI: 10.1163/092050610x540431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) compounds, the main inorganic constituent of mammalian bone tissues, are believed to support bone precursor cell growth and osteogenic differentiation. Chitosan, a deacetylated derivative of chitin, is a versatile biopolymer to offer broad possibilities for cell-based tissue engineering. In the present study, different scales of CaP crystals on chitosan membranes were prepared for culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in vitro. A series of aqueous CaP suspensions with different concentrations were mixed with chitosan solution and chitosan/calcium phosphate (C/CaP) films were fabricated by the solvent-casting method. With different weight ratios of CaP in chitosan solution, the various surface characteristics of nano-amorphous (C/CaP 0.1), nano-crystalline (C/CaP 0.5) and micro-particle (C/CaP 2) CaP compounds were examined by scanning electron microscopy and electron dispersion spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction on micro-particles of CaP indicated the formation of crystalline hydroxyapatite. The behavior of hMSCs, including proliferation, cell spreading and osteogenic differentiation, was studied on the C/CaP films. In basal culture medium, the incorporation of CaP into chitosan films could promote the proliferation of hMSCs. The C/CaP 0.5 film with connected CaP nano-crystals had better cellular viability. The fluorescence microscope images at 14 days of culture revealed extensive networks of F-actin filaments of hMSCs on chitosan, C/CaP 0.1 and C/CaP 0.5 films. The cellular morphology on C/CaP 2 film with discrete CaP micro-particles was partly restrained. In osteogenic medium, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of hMSCs increased and showed the process of osteogenic differentiation. The ALP levels on C/CaP 2 film were higher than those on C/CaP 0.1 and C/CaP 0.5 films. These results demonstrated that the crystallinity and topography of CaP on chitosan membranes could modulate the behaviors of cultured hMSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-T Lee
- a Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 100, Republic of China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan 330, Republic of China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 100, Republic of China
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Preparation and Evaluation of Gelatin-Chitosan-Nanobioglass 3D Porous Scaffold for Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Biomater 2016; 2016:9825659. [PMID: 26884764 PMCID: PMC4738941 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9825659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to prepare and characterize bioglass-natural biopolymer based composite scaffold and evaluate its bone regeneration ability. Bioactive glass nanoparticles (58S) in the size range of 20-30 nm were synthesized using sol-gel method. Porous scaffolds with varying bioglass composition from 10 to 30 wt% in chitosan, gelatin matrix were fabricated using the method of freeze drying of its slurry at 40 wt% solids loading. Samples were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to obtain interconnected porous 3D microstructure with improved mechanical strength. The prepared scaffolds exhibited >80% porosity with a mean pore size range between 100 and 300 microns. Scaffold containing 30 wt% bioglass (GCB 30) showed a maximum compressive strength of 2.2 ± 0.1 MPa. Swelling and degradation studies showed that the scaffold had excellent properties of hydrophilicity and biodegradability. GCB 30 scaffold was shown to be noncytotoxic and supported mesenchymal stem cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation as indicated by MTT assay and RUNX-2 expression. Higher cellular activity was observed in GCB 30 scaffold as compared to GCB 0 scaffold suggesting the fact that 58S bioglass nanoparticles addition into the scaffold promoted better cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Thus, the study showed that the developed composite scaffolds are potential candidates for regenerating damaged bone tissue.
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Müller WEG, Tolba E, Schröder HC, Wang X. Polyphosphate: A Morphogenetically Active Implant Material Serving as Metabolic Fuel for Bone Regeneration. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:1182-1197. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 6; D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Emad Tolba
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 6; D-55128 Mainz Germany
- Biomaterials Department; Inorganic Chemical Industries Division; National Research Center; Doki Cairo; 11884 Egypt
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 6; D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry; University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University; Duesbergweg 6; D-55128 Mainz Germany
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Yusop AHM, Daud NM, Nur H, Kadir MRA, Hermawan H. Controlling the degradation kinetics of porous iron by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) infiltration for use as temporary medical implants. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11194. [PMID: 26057073 PMCID: PMC4460907 DOI: 10.1038/srep11194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron and its alloy have been proposed as biodegradable metals for temporary medical implants. However, the formation of iron oxide and iron phosphate on their surface slows down their degradation kinetics in both in vitro and in vivo scenarios. This work presents new approach to tailor degradation behavior of iron by incorporating biodegradable polymers into the metal. Porous pure iron (PPI) was vacuum infiltrated by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) to form fully dense PLGA-infiltrated porous iron (PIPI) and dip coated into the PLGA to form partially dense PLGA-coated porous iron (PCPI). Results showed that compressive strength and toughness of the PIPI and PCPI were higher compared to PPI. A strong interfacial interaction was developed between the PLGA layer and the iron surface. Degradation rate of PIPI and PCPI was higher than that of PPI due to the effect of PLGA hydrolysis. The fast degradation of PIPI did not affect the viability of human fibroblast cells. Finally, this work discusses a degradation mechanism for PIPI and the effect of PLGA incorporation in accelerating the degradation of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Hakim Md Yusop
- Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Nurizzati Mohd Daud
- Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Hadi Nur
- Center for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir
- Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
| | - Hendra Hermawan
- Medical Devices Technology Group (MediTeg), Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
- Dept. of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering & CHU de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A6, Canada
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14
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Liu Y, Fox V, Lei Y, Hu B, Joo KI, Wang P. Synthetic niches for differentiation of human embryonic stem cells bypassing embryoid body formation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2013; 102:1101-12. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Liu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
| | - Victoria Fox
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
| | - Yuning Lei
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
| | - Biliang Hu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
| | - Kye-Il Joo
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
| | - Pin Wang
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California
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15
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Fu K, Xu Q, Czernuszka J, Triffitt JT, Xia Z. Characterization of a biodegradable coralline hydroxyapatite/calcium carbonate composite and its clinical implementation. Biomed Mater 2013; 8:065007. [PMID: 24288015 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/8/6/065007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A partially converted, biodegradable coralline hydroxyapatite/calcium carbonate (CHACC) composite comprising a coral calcium carbonate scaffold enveloped by a thin layer of hydroxyapatite was used in the present study. The CHACC was characterized using powder x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The ability of the CHACC to promote conductive osteogenesis was assessed in vitro using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and in vivo using an immunodeficient mouse model. The clinical performance of CHACC as a bone substitute to fill voids caused by excision of bone tumours was also observed in 16 patients. The CHACC was found to consist of two overlapping layers both morphologically and chemically. Hydroxyapatite formed a thin layer of nanocrystals on the surface and a thick rough crystal layer of around 30 µm in thickness enveloping the rock-like core calcium carbonate exoskeletal architecture. hMSCs cultured on CHACC in osteogenic medium demonstrated significant osteogenic differentiation. After subcutaneous implantation of CHACC incorporating osteogenically differentiated hMSCs and an anti-resorptive agent, risedronate, into an immunodeficient mouse model, bone formation was observed on the surface of the implants. Clinical application of CHACC alone in 16 patients for bone augmentation after tumour removal showed that after implantation, visible callus formation was observed at one month and clinical bone healing achieved at four months. The majority of the implanted CHACC was degraded in 18-24 months. In conclusion, CHACC appears to be an excellent biodegradable bone graft material. It biointegrates with the host, is osteoconductive, biodegradable and can be an attractive alternative to autogenous grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, #33 Longhua Road, Haikou, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
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16
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Costa-Pinto AR, Vargel I, Tuzlakoglu K, Correlo VM, Sol PC, Faria S, Piskin E, Reis RL, Neves NM. Influence of scaffold composition over in vitro osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and in vivo inflammatory response. J Biomater Appl 2013; 28:1430-42. [PMID: 24255003 DOI: 10.1177/0885328213512385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To understand the role of chitosan in chitosan-poly(butylene succinate) scaffolds (50% wt), 50%, 25%, and 0% of chitosan were used to produce different scaffolds. These scaffolds were in vitro seeded and cultured with human bone marrow stromal cells in osteogenic conditions, revealing that higher percentage of chitosan showed enhanced cell viability over time, adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. Scaffolds were also implanted in cranial defects and iliac submuscular region in Wistar rats, and the results evidenced that chitosan-containing scaffolds displayed mild inflammatory response and good integration with surrounding tissues, showed by connective tissue colonization and the presence of new blood vessels. Scaffolds without chitosan-evidenced necrotic tissue in scaffolds' interior, proving that chitosan exerts a positive effect over cell behavior and displays a milder host inflammatory response in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Costa-Pinto
- 13B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
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17
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Abstract
Within the adult organism, stem cells reside in defined anatomical microenvironments called niches. These architecturally diverse microenvironments serve to balance stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Proper regulation of this balance is instrumental to tissue repair and homeostasis, and any imbalance can potentially lead to diseases such as cancer. Within each of these microenvironments, a myriad of chemical and physical stimuli interact in a complex (synergistic or antagonistic) manner to tightly regulate stem cell fate. The in vitro replication of these in vivo microenvironments will be necessary for the application of stem cells for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine purposes. However, traditional reductionist approaches have only led to the generation of cell culture methods that poorly recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment. To that end, novel engineering and systems biology approaches have allowed for the investigation of the biological and mechanical stimuli that govern stem cell fate. In this review, the application of these technologies for the dissection of stem cell microenvironments will be analyzed. Moreover, the use of these engineering approaches to construct in vitro stem cell microenvironments that precisely control stem cell fate and function will be reviewed. Finally, the emerging trend of using high-throughput, combinatorial methods for the stepwise engineering of stem cell microenvironments will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Brafman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Stem Cell Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Mouriño V, Cattalini JP, Roether JA, Dubey P, Roy I, Boccaccini AR. Composite polymer-bioceramic scaffolds with drug delivery capability for bone tissue engineering. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1353-65. [PMID: 23777443 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.808183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Next-generation scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (BTE) should exhibit the appropriate combination of mechanical support and morphological guidance for cell proliferation and attachment while at the same time serving as matrices for sustained delivery of therapeutic drugs and/or biomolecular signals, such as growth factors. Drug delivery from BTE scaffolds to induce the formation of functional tissues, which may need to vary temporally and spatially, represents a versatile approach to manipulating the local environment for directing cell function and/or to treat common bone diseases or local infection. In addition, drug delivery from BTE is proposed to either increase the expression of tissue inductive factors or to block the expression of others factors that could inhibit bone tissue formation. Composite scaffolds which combine biopolymers and bioactive ceramics in mechanically competent 3D structures, including also organic-inorganic hybrids, are being widely developed for BTE, where the affinity and interaction between biomaterials and therapeutic drugs or biomolecular signals play a decisive role in controlling the release rate. AREAS COVERED This review covers current developments and applications of 3D composite scaffolds for BTE which exhibit the added capability of controlled delivery of therapeutic drugs or growth factors. A summary of drugs and biomolecules incorporated in composite scaffolds and approaches developed to combine biopolymers and bioceramics in composites for drug delivery systems for BTE is presented. Special attention is given to identify the main challenges and unmet needs of current designs and technologies for developing such multifunctional 3D composite scaffolds for BTE. EXPERT OPINION One of the major challenges for developing composite scaffolds for BTE is the incorporation of a drug delivery function of sufficient complexity to be able to induce the release patterns that may be necessary for effective osseointegration, vascularization and bone regeneration. Loading 3D scaffolds with different biomolecular agents should produce a codelivery system with different, predetermined release profiles. It is also envisaged that the number of relevant bioactive agents that can be loaded onto scaffolds will be increased, whilst the composite scaffold design should exploit synergistically the different degradation profiles of the organic and inorganic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Mouriño
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Buenos Aires 956 Junín St, 6th Floor, Buenos Aires CP1113 , Argentina
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Vago R. Beyond the skeleton: Cnidarian biomaterials as bioactive extracellular microenvironments for tissue engineering. Organogenesis 2012; 4:18-22. [PMID: 19279710 DOI: 10.4161/org.5843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Razi Vago
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer Sheva, Israel
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20
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Porous biodegradable metals for hard tissue scaffolds: a review. Int J Biomater 2012; 2012:641430. [PMID: 22919393 PMCID: PMC3418650 DOI: 10.1155/2012/641430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Scaffolds have been utilized in tissue regeneration to facilitate the formation and maturation of new tissues or organs where a balance between temporary mechanical support and mass transport (degradation and cell growth) is ideally achieved. Polymers have been widely chosen as tissue scaffolding material having a good combination of biodegradability, biocompatibility, and porous structure. Metals that can degrade in physiological environment, namely, biodegradable metals, are proposed as potential materials for hard tissue scaffolding where biodegradable polymers are often considered as having poor mechanical properties. Biodegradable metal scaffolds have showed interesting mechanical property that was close to that of human bone with tailored degradation behaviour. The current promising fabrication technique for making scaffolds, such as computation-aided solid free-form method, can be easily applied to metals. With further optimization in topologically ordered porosity design exploiting material property and fabrication technique, porous biodegradable metals could be the potential materials for making hard tissue scaffolds.
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21
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Castro NJ, Hacking SA, Zhang LG. Recent Progress in Interfacial Tissue Engineering Approaches for Osteochondral Defects. Ann Biomed Eng 2012; 40:1628-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-012-0605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Articular cartilage injury is common after athletic injury and remains a difficult treatment conundrum both for the surgeon and athlete. Although recent treatments for damage to articular cartilage have been successful in alleviating symptoms, more durable and complete, long-term articular surface restoration remains the unattained goal. In this article, we look at both new ways to prevent damage to articular surfaces as well as new techniques to recreate biomechanically sound and biochemically true articular surfaces once an athlete injures this surface. This goal should include reproducing hyaline cartilage with a well-integrated and flexible subchondral base and the normal zonal variability in the articular matrix. RESULTS A number of nonoperative interventions have shown early promise in mitigating cartilage symptoms and in preclinical studies have shown evidence of chondroprotection. These include the use of glucosamine, chondroitin, and other neutraceuticals, viscosupplementation with hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma, and pulsed electromagnetic fields. Newer surgical techniques, some already in clinical study, and others on the horizon offer opportunities to improve the surgical restoration of the hyaline matrix often disrupted in athletic injury. These include new scaffolds, single-stage cell techniques, the use of mesenchymal stem cells, and gene therapy. CONCLUSION Although many of these treatments are in the preclinical and early clinical study phase, they offer the promise of better options to mitigate the sequelae of athletically induced cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jason Scopp
- Peninsula Orthopedic Associates, Salisbury, MD, USA
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Olivas-Armendariz I, García-Casillas P, Estrada AM, Martínez-Villafañe A, Rosa LAADL, Martínez-Pérez CA. <i>In Vitro</i> Evaluation of Polyurethane-Chitosan Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2012.34044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Costa-Pinto AR, Reis RL, Neves NM. Scaffolds based bone tissue engineering: the role of chitosan. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 17:331-47. [PMID: 21810029 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As life expectancy increases, malfunction or loss of tissue caused by injury or disease leads to reduced quality of life in many patients at significant socioeconomic cost. Even though major progress has been made in the field of bone tissue engineering, present therapies, such as bone grafts, still have limitations. Current research on biodegradable polymers is emerging, combining these structures with osteogenic cells, as an alternative to autologous bone grafts. Different types of biodegradable materials have been proposed for the preparation of three-dimensional porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Among them, natural polymers are one of the most attractive options, mainly due to their similarities with extracellular matrix, chemical versatility, good biological performance, and inherent cellular interactions. In this review, special attention is given to chitosan as a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering applications. An extensive literature survey was performed on the preparation of chitosan scaffolds and their in vitro biological performance as well as their potential to facilitate in vivo bone regeneration. The present review also aims to offer the reader a general overview of all components needed to engineer new bone tissue. It gives a brief background on bone biology, followed by an explanation of all components in bone tissue engineering, as well as describing different tissue engineering strategies. Moreover, also discussed are the typical models used to evaluate in vitro functionality of a tissue-engineered construct and in vivo models to assess the potential to regenerate bone tissue are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Costa-Pinto
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
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25
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Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Repair and Regeneration. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Fu RH, Wang YC, Liu SP, Huang CM, Kang YH, Tsai CH, Shyu WC, Lin SZ. Differentiation of stem cells: strategies for modifying surface biomaterials. Cell Transplant 2010; 20:37-47. [PMID: 21054953 DOI: 10.3727/096368910x532756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a natural choice for cellular therapy because of their potential to differentiate into a variety of lineages, their capacity for self-renewal in the repair of damaged organs and tissues in vivo, and their ability to generate tissue constructs in vitro. Determining how to efficiently drive stem cell differentiation to a lineage of choice is critical for the success of cellular therapeutics. Many factors are involved in this process, the extracellular microenvironment playing a significant role in controlling cellular behavior. In recent years, researchers have focused on identifying a variety of biomaterials to provide a microenvironment that is conducive to stem cell growth and differentiation and that ultimately mimics the in vivo situation. Appropriate biomaterials support the cellular attachment, proliferation, and lineage-specific differentiation of stem cells. Tissue engineering approaches have been used to incorporate growth factors and morphogenetic factors-factors known to induce lineage commitment of stem cells-into cultures with scaffolding materials, including synthetic and naturally derived biomaterials. This review focuses on various strategies that have been used in stem cell expansion and examines modifications of natural and synthetic materials, as well as various culture conditions, for the maintenance and lineage-specific differentiation of embryonic and adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Center for Neuropsychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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27
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Nwe N, Furuike T, Tamura H. Selection of a biopolymer based on attachment, morphology and proliferation of fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells for the development of a biodegradable tissue regeneration template: Alginate, bacterial cellulose and gelatin. Process Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2009.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Soundrapandian C, Sa B, Datta S. Organic-inorganic composites for bone drug delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:1158-71. [PMID: 19842042 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review paper attempts to provide an overview in the fabrication and application of organic-inorganic based composites in the field of local drug delivery for bone. The concept of local drug delivery exists for a few decades. However, local drug delivery in bone and specially application of composites for delivery of drugs to bone is an area for potential research interest in the recent time. The advantages attained by an organic-inorganic composite when compared to its individual components include their ability to release drug, adopting to the natural environment and supporting local area until complete bone regeneration, which make them carriers of interest for local drug delivery for bone.
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30
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Fröhlich M, Grayson WL, Wan LQ, Marolt D, Drobnic M, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Tissue engineered bone grafts: biological requirements, tissue culture and clinical relevance. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2009; 3:254-64. [PMID: 19075755 DOI: 10.2174/157488808786733962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The tremendous need for bone tissue in numerous clinical situations and the limited availability of suitable bone grafts are driving the development of tissue engineering approaches to bone repair. In order to engineer viable bone grafts, one needs to understand the mechanisms of native bone development and fracture healing, as these processes should ideally guide the selection of optimal conditions for tissue culture and implantation. Engineered bone grafts have been shown to have capacity for osteogenesis, osteoconduction, osteoinduction and osteointegration - functional connection between the host bone and the graft. Cells from various anatomical sources in conjunction with scaffolds and osteogenic factors have been shown to form bone tissue in vitro. The use of bioreactor systems to culture cells on scaffolds before implantation further improved the quality of the resulting bone grafts. Animal studies confirmed the capability of engineered grafts to form bone and integrate with the host tissues. However, the vascularization of bone remains one of the hurdles that need to be overcome if clinically sized, fully viable bone grafts are to be engineered and implanted. We discuss here the biological guidelines for tissue engineering of bone, the bioreactor cultivation of human mesenchymal stem cells on three-dimensional scaffolds, and the need for vascularization and functional integration of bone grafts following implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Fröhlich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, NYC, NY, USA
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31
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Baroli B. From natural bone grafts to tissue engineering therapeutics: Brainstorming on pharmaceutical formulative requirements and challenges. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1317-75. [PMID: 18729202 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emerging multidisciplinary field of investigation focused on the regeneration of diseased or injured tissues through the delivery of appropriate molecular and mechanical signals. Therefore, bone tissue engineering covers all the attempts to reestablish a normal physiology or to speed up healing of bone in all musculoskeletal disorders and injuries that are lashing modern societies. This article attempts to give a pharmaceutical perspective on the production of engineered man-made bone grafts that are described as implantable tissue engineering therapeutics, and to highlight the importance of understanding bone composition and structure, as well as osteogenesis and bone healing processes, to improve the design and development of such implants. In addition, special emphasis is given to pharmaceutical aspects that are frequently minimized, but that, instead, may be useful for formulation developments and in vitro/in vivo correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biancamaria Baroli
- Dip. Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università di Cagliari, Via Ospedale, 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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32
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Nwe N, Furuike T, Tamura H. The Mechanical and Biological Properties of Chitosan Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration Templates Are Significantly Enhanced by Chitosan from Gongronella butleri. MATERIALS 2009. [PMCID: PMC5445703 DOI: 10.3390/ma2020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan with a molecular weight (MW) of 104 Da and 13% degree of acetylation (DA) was extracted from the mycelia of the fungus Gongronella butleri USDB 0201 grown in solid substrate fermentation and used to prepare scaffolds by the freeze-drying method. The mechanical and biological properties of the fungal chitosan scaffolds were evaluated and compared with those of scaffolds prepared using chitosans obtained from shrimp and crab shells and squid bone plates (MW 105-106 Da and DA 10-20%). Under scanning electron microscopy, it was observed that all scaffolds had average pore sizes of approximately 60-90 μm in diameter. Elongated pores were observed in shrimp chitosan scaffolds and polygonal pores were found in crab, squid and fungal chitosan scaffolds. The physico-chemical properties of the chitosans had an effect on the formation of pores in the scaffolds, that consequently influenced the mechanical and biological properties of the scaffolds. Fungal chitosan scaffolds showed excellent mechanical, water absorption and lysozyme degradation properties, whereas shrimp chitosan scaffolds (MW 106Da and DA 12%) exhibited the lowest water absorption properties and lysozyme degradation rate. In the evaluation of biocompatibility of chitosan scaffolds, the ability of fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells to attach on all chitosan scaffolds was similar, but the proliferation of cells with polygonal morphology was faster on crab, squid and fungal chitosan scaffolds than on shrimp chitosan scaffolds. Therefore fungal chitosan scaffold, which has excellent mechanical and biological properties, is the most suitable scaffold to use as a template for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitar Nwe
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering and HRC, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; E-Mails: (N.N.); (T. F.)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan
| | - Tetsuya Furuike
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering and HRC, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; E-Mails: (N.N.); (T. F.)
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering and HRC, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan; E-Mails: (N.N.); (T. F.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel. +81-6-6368-0871; Fax: +81-6-6330-3770
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33
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Vago R. Cnidarians biomineral in tissue engineering: a review. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2008; 10:343-349. [PMID: 18481145 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-008-9103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralization is the process by which organisms precipitate minerals. Crystals formed in this way are exploited by the organisms for a variety of purposes, including mechanical support and protection of soft tissue. Skeletal precipitation, via millions of years of evolution, has produced a wide variety of architectural configurations and material properties. It is exactly these properties that now attract the attention of researchers searching for new materials for a variety of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razi Vago
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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34
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Dawson E, Mapili G, Erickson K, Taqvi S, Roy K. Biomaterials for stem cell differentiation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2008; 60:215-28. [PMID: 17997187 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 08/11/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The promise of cellular therapy lies in the repair of damaged organs and tissues in vivo as well as generating tissue constructs in vitro for subsequent transplantation. Unfortunately, the lack of available donor cell sources limits its ultimate clinical applicability. Stem cells are a natural choice for cell therapy due to their pluripotent nature and self-renewal capacity. Creating reserves of undifferentiated stem cells and subsequently driving their differentiation to a lineage of choice in an efficient and scalable manner is critical for the ultimate clinical success of cellular therapeutics. In recent years, a variety of biomaterials have been incorporated in stem cell cultures, primarily to provide a conducive microenvironment for their growth and differentiation and to ultimately mimic the stem cell niche. In this review, we examine applications of natural and synthetic materials, their modifications as well as various culture conditions for maintenance and lineage-specific differentiation of embryonic and adult stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Dawson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Peretz H, Talpalar AE, Vago R, Baranes D. Superior survival and durability of neurons and astrocytes on 3-dimensional aragonite biomatrices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:461-72. [PMID: 17319796 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2005.0522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Current needs of central nervous system therapy urge for the identification of scaffolds supporting the generation and long-term maintenance of healthy and functional neuronal tissue. We compared for the first time the viability of hippocampal neurons and astrocytes grown on conventional 2-dimensional (2D) conditions with that of cells grown on an aragonite bioactive 3-dimensional (3D) scaffold prepared from coralline exoskeleton. Cultures in 3D showed significantly lower mortality rate and higher neurons/astrocytes ratio than 2D cultures. Moreover, whereas cell survival in 2D was arrested in the absence of the supporting substrates poly-D-lysine and laminin, these substrates had negligible effect on the 3D cultures. Furthermore, aragonite matrices supported cell survival and growth under conditions of calcium and nutrients deprivation, whereas in 2D such treatments led to death of all neurons and of almost all astrocytes. To show that the aragonite matrices are permissive for neural cells also in vivo, aragonite matrices having no substrate coating grafted into postnatal rat cortex were invaded by neurons growing on the surface and in multilayer structures resembling those seen in the 3D culture in vitro. Hence, culture of neurons and astrocytes on 3D aragonite coralline matrices is a novel mean for production of stable neuronal tissue, with significant implication to the field of neuronal tissue restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Peretz
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Kim G, Kim W. Highly porous 3D nanofiber scaffold using an electrospinning technique. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 81:104-10. [PMID: 16924612 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A successful 3D tissue-engineering scaffold must have a highly porous structure and good mechanical stability. High porosity and optimally designed pore size provide structural space for cell accommodation and migration and enable the exchange of nutrients between the scaffold and environment. Poly(epsilon-carprolactone) fibers were electrospun using an auxiliary electrode and chemical blowing agent (BA), and characterized according to porosity, pore size, and their mechanical properties. We also investigated the effect of the BA on the electrospinning processability. The growth characteristic of human dermal fibroblasts cells cultured in the webs showed the good adhesion with the blown web relative to a normal electrospun mat. The blown nanofiber web had good tensile properties and high porosity compared to a typical electrospun nanofiber scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geunhyung Kim
- Bio-mechatronics Laboratory, Department of Future Technology, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, Korea.
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