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Wang L, Chen X, Wang S, Ma J, Yang X, Chen H, Xiao J. Ferrous/Ferric Ions Crosslinked Type II Collagen Multifunctional Hydrogel for Advanced Osteoarthritis Treatment. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302833. [PMID: 38185787 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent and intricate degenerative joint disease affecting an estimated 500 million individuals worldwide. Collagen-based hydrogels have sparked immense interest in cartilage tissue engineering, but substantial challenges persist in developing biocompatible and robust crosslinking strategies, as well as improving their effectiveness against the multifaceted nature of OA. Herein, a novel discovery wherein the simple incorporation of ferrous/ferric ions enables efficient dynamic crosslinking of type II collagen, leading to the development of injectable, self-healing hydrogels with 3D interconnected porous nanostructures, is unveiled. The ferrous/ferric ions crosslinked type II collagen hydrogels demonstrate exceptional physical properties, such as significantly enhanced mechanical strength, minimal swelling ratios, and remarkable resistance to degradation, while also exhibiting extraordinary biocompatibility and bioactivity, effectively promoting cell proliferation, adhesion, and chondrogenic differentiation. Additionally, the hydrogels reveal potent anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines while downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. In a rat model of cartilage defects, these hydrogels exhibit impressive efficacy, substantially accelerating cartilage tissue regeneration through enhanced collagen deposition and increased proteoglycan secretion. The innovative discovery of the multifunctional role of ferrous/ferric ions in endowing type II collagen hydrogels with a myriad of beneficial properties presents exciting prospects for developing advanced biomaterials with potential applications in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Gansu Engineering Research Center of Medical Collagen, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Gansu Engineering Research Center of Medical Collagen, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Shenghong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Jianrui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Gansu Engineering Research Center of Medical Collagen, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jianxi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
- Gansu Engineering Research Center of Medical Collagen, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
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Farasati Far B, Isfahani AA, Nasiriyan E, Pourmolaei A, Mahmoudvand G, Karimi Rouzbahani A, Namiq Amin M, Naimi-Jamal MR. An Updated Review on Advances in Hydrogel-Based Nanoparticles for Liver Cancer Treatment. LIVERS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/livers3020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 90% of all liver malignancies are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), for which chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the ideal therapeutic choices. Hepatocellular carcinoma is descended from other liver diseases, such as viral hepatitis, alcoholism, and metabolic syndrome. Normal cells and tissues may suffer damage from common forms of chemotherapy. In contrast to systemic chemotherapy, localized chemotherapy can reduce side effects by delivering a steady stream of chemotherapeutic drugs directly to the tumor site. This highlights the significance of controlled-release biodegradable hydrogels as drug delivery methods for chemotherapeutics. This review discusses using hydrogels as drug delivery systems for HCC and covers thermosensitive, pH-sensitive, photosensitive, dual-sensitive, and glutathione-responsive hydrogels. Compared to conventional systemic chemotherapy, hydrogel-based drug delivery methods are more effective in treating cancer.
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Insights into current directions of protein and peptide-based hydrogel drug delivery systems for inflammation. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04527-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Tian B, Wang N, Jiang Q, Tian L, Hu L, Zhang Z. The immunogenic reaction and bone defect repair function of ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL)-coated nanoscale PCL/HA scaffold in rabbit calvarial bone defect. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:63. [PMID: 34097140 PMCID: PMC8184523 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06533-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for bone tissue defect reconstruction. Immunogenic reaction, which was induced by scaffolds degradation or contaminating microorganism, influence cellular activity, compromise the efficiency of tissue engineering, or eventually lead to the failure of regeneration. Inhibiting excessive immune response through modulating scaffold is critical important to promote tissue regeneration. Our previous study showed that ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL)-coated nanoscale polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite (EPL/PCL/HA) composite scaffold has enhanced antibacterial and osteogenic properties in vitro. However, the bone defect repair function and immunogenic reaction of EPL/PCL/HA scaffolds in vivo remains unclear. In the present study, three nanoscale scaffolds (EPL/PCL/HA, PCL and PCL/HA) were transplanted into rabbit paraspinal muscle pouches, and T helper type 1 (Th1), T helper type 2 (Th2), T helper type 17 (Th17), and macrophage infiltration were analyzed after 1 week and 2 weeks to detect their immunogenic reaction. Then, the different scaffolds were transplanted into rabbit calvarial bone defect to compare the bone defect repair capacities. The results showed that EPL/PCL/HA composite scaffolds decreased pro-inflammatory Th1, Th17, and type I macrophage infiltration from 1 to 2 weeks, and increased anti-inflammatory Th2 infiltration into the regenerated area at 2 weeks in vivo, when compared to PCL and PCL/HA. In addition, EPL/PCL/HA showed an enhanced bone repair capacity compared to PCL and PCL/HA when transplanted into rabbit calvarial bone defects at both 4 and 8 weeks. Hence, our results suggest that EPL could regulate the immunogenic reaction and promote bone defect repair function of PCL/HA, which is a promising agent for tissue engineering scaffold modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijiao Tian
- Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhenting Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Zamay TN, Prokopenko VS, Zamay SS, Lukyanenko KA, Kolovskaya OS, Orlov VA, Zamay GS, Galeev RG, Narodov AA, Kichkailo AS. Magnetic Nanodiscs-A New Promising Tool for Microsurgery of Malignant Neoplasms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1459. [PMID: 34072903 PMCID: PMC8227103 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Magnetomechanical therapy is one of the most perspective directions in tumor microsurgery. According to the analysis of recent publications, it can be concluded that a nanoscalpel could become an instrument sufficient for cancer microsurgery. It should possess the following properties: (1) nano- or microsized; (2) affinity and specificity to the targets on tumor cells; (3) remote control. This nano- or microscalpel should include at least two components: (1) a physical nanostructure (particle, disc, plates) with the ability to transform the magnetic moment to mechanical torque; (2) a ligand-a molecule (antibody, aptamer, etc.) allowing the scalpel precisely target tumor cells. Literature analysis revealed that the most suitable nanoscalpel structures are anisotropic, magnetic micro- or nanodiscs with high-saturation magnetization and the absence of remanence, facilitating scalpel remote control via the magnetic field. Additionally, anisotropy enhances the transmigration of the discs to the tumor. To date, four types of magnetic microdiscs have been used for tumor destruction: synthetic antiferromagnetic P-SAF (perpendicular) and SAF (in-plane), vortex Py, and three-layer non-magnetic-ferromagnet-non-magnetic systems with flat quasi-dipole magnetic structures. In the current review, we discuss the biological effects of magnetic discs, the mechanisms of action, and the toxicity in alternating or rotating magnetic fields in vitro and in vivo. Based on the experimental data presented in the literature, we conclude that the targeted and remotely controlled magnetic field nanoscalpel is an effective and safe instrument for cancer therapy or theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana N. Zamay
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecky, 660029 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (T.N.Z.); (K.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (G.S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Prokopenko
- Institute of Physics and Informatics, Astafiev Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Sergey S. Zamay
- Molecular Electronics Department, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Kirill A. Lukyanenko
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecky, 660029 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (T.N.Z.); (K.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (G.S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Olga S. Kolovskaya
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecky, 660029 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (T.N.Z.); (K.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (G.S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Vitaly A. Orlov
- School of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny pr., 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
- Kirensky Institute of Physics Federal Research Center KSC Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, bld. 38, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Galina S. Zamay
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecky, 660029 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (T.N.Z.); (K.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (G.S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | | | - Andrey A. Narodov
- Traumatology Orthopedics and Neurosurgery Department, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecky, 660029 Krasnoyarsk, Russia;
| | - Anna S. Kichkailo
- Laboratory for Biomolecular and Medical Technologies, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenecky, 660029 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (T.N.Z.); (K.A.L.); (O.S.K.); (G.S.Z.)
- Laboratory for Digital Controlled Drugs and Theranostics, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Osteoinductive potential and antibacterial characteristics of collagen coated iron oxide nanosphere containing strontium and hydroxyapatite in long term bone fractures. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.102984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Radeloff K, Ramos Tirado M, Haddad D, Breuer K, Müller J, Hochmuth S, Hackenberg S, Scherzad A, Kleinsasser N, Radeloff A. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Particles (VSOPs) Show Genotoxic Effects but No Functional Impact on Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells (ASCs). MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14020263. [PMID: 33430323 PMCID: PMC7825809 DOI: 10.3390/ma14020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) represent a capable source for cell-based therapeutic approaches. For monitoring a cell-based application in vivo, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cells labeled with iron oxide particles is a common method. It is the aim of the present study to analyze potential DNA damage, cytotoxicity and impairment of functional properties of human (h)ASCs after labeling with citrate-coated very small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (VSOPs). Cytotoxic as well as genotoxic effects of the labeling procedure were measured in labeled and unlabeled hASCs using the MTT assay, comet assay and chromosomal aberration test. Trilineage differentiation was performed to evaluate an impairment of the differentiation potential due to the particles. Proliferation as well as migration capability were analyzed after the labeling procedure. Furthermore, the labeling of the hASCs was confirmed by Prussian blue staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution MRI. Below the concentration of 0.6 mM, which was used for the procedure, no evidence of genotoxic effects was found. At 0.6 mM, 1 mM as well as 1.5 mM, an increase in the number of chromosomal aberrations was determined. Cytotoxic effects were not observed at any concentration. Proliferation, migration capability and differentiation potential were also not affected by the procedure. Labeling with VSOPs is a useful labeling method for hASCs that does not affect their proliferation, migration and differentiation potential. Despite the absence of cytotoxicity, however, indications of genotoxic effects have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Radeloff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Oldenburg, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany; (J.M.); (S.H.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Ramos Tirado
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany; (M.R.T.); (S.H.); (A.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Daniel Haddad
- Fraunhofer Development Center X-ray Technology EZRT, Department Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Imaging, A Division of Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits IIS, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany;
| | - Kathrin Breuer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany;
| | - Jana Müller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Oldenburg, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany; (J.M.); (S.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Sabine Hochmuth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Oldenburg, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany; (J.M.); (S.H.); (A.R.)
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany; (M.R.T.); (S.H.); (A.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany; (M.R.T.); (S.H.); (A.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Norbert Kleinsasser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany; (M.R.T.); (S.H.); (A.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Andreas Radeloff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Oldenburg, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany; (J.M.); (S.H.); (A.R.)
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Shang L, Ma B, Wang F, Li J, Shen S, Li X, Liu H, Ge S. Nanotextured silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite biomimetic bilayer tough structure regulated osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells for osteochondral repair. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12917. [PMID: 33001510 PMCID: PMC7653257 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Articular cartilage plays a vital role in bearing and buffering. Injured cartilage and subchondral bone repair is a crucial challenge in cartilage tissue engineering due to the peculiar structure of osteochondral unit and the requirement of osteogenic/chondrogenic bi-directional differentiation. Based on the bionics principle, a nanotextured silk fibroin (SF)-chondroitin sulphate (CS)/hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanowire tough bilayer structure was prepared for osteochondral repair. METHODS The SF-CS/HAp membrane was constructed by alcohol-induced β-sheet formation serving as the physical crosslink. Its osteochondral repairing capacity was evaluated by culturing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and constructing a rat osteochondral defect model in vivo. RESULTS The bilayer SF-CS/HAp membrane with satisfactory mechanical properties similar to natural cartilage imitated the natural osteochondral unit structural layers and exerted the function of bearing and buffering timely after in vivo implantation. SF-CS layer upregulated the expression of chondrogenesis-related genes of BMSCs by surface nanotopography and sustained release CS. Meanwhile, nanotextured HAp layer assembled with nanowire endowed the membrane with an osteogenic differentiation tendency for BMSCs. In vivo results proved that the biomimetic bilayer structure dramatically promoted new cartilage formation and subchondral bone remodelling for osteochondral defect model after implantation. CONCLUSIONS The SF-CS/HAp biomimetic bilayer membrane provides a promising strategy for precise osteochondral repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Shang
- Department of PeriodontologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationJinanChina
| | - Baojin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Fulei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of PeriodontologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationJinanChina
| | - Song Shen
- Department of PeriodontologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationJinanChina
| | - Xiaoyuan Li
- Department of PeriodontologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationJinanChina
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of PeriodontologySchool and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationJinanChina
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Toxicity and Functional Impairment in Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells (hASCs) Following Long-Term Exposure to Very Small Iron Oxide Particles (VSOPs). NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040741. [PMID: 32294970 PMCID: PMC7221569 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), such as very small iron oxide NPs (VSOPs) can be used for targeted drug delivery, cancer treatment or tissue engineering. Another important field of application is the labelling of mesenchymal stem cells to allow in vivo tracking and visualization of transplanted cells using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For these NPs, however, various toxic effects, as well as functional impairment of the exposed cells, are described. The present study evaluates the influence of VSOPs on the multilineage differentiation ability and cytokine secretion of human adipose tissue derived stromal cells (hASCs) after long-term exposure. Human ASCs were labelled with VSOPs, and the efficacy of the labelling was documented over 4 weeks in vitro cultivation of the labelled cells. Unlabelled hASCs served as negative controls. Four weeks after labelling, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation was histologically evaluated and quantified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Changes in gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF and caspase 3 were determined over 4 weeks. Four weeks after the labelling procedure, labelled and unlabelled hASCs did not differ in the gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF and caspase 3. Furthermore, the labelling procedure had no influence on the multidifferentiation ability of hASC. The percentage of labelled cells decreased during in vitro expansion over 4 weeks. Labelling with VSOPs and long-term intracellular disposition probably have no influence on the physiological functions of hASCs. This could be important for the future in vivo use of iron oxide NPs.
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Xu N, Xu J, Zheng X, Hui J. Preparation of Injectable Composite Hydrogels by Blending Poloxamers with Calcium Carbonate-Crosslinked Sodium Alginate. ChemistryOpen 2020; 9:451-458. [PMID: 32269901 PMCID: PMC7136648 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of calcium carbonate-crosslinked sodium alginate on poloxamer hydrogels have been investigated. The mechanical strength, degradability, and thermal stability of hydrogels were characterized. The chemical and physical crosslinking in the composite hydrogels has resulted in an improvement of the compressive strength and elasticity of the hydrogels. These mixed hydrogels showed improved mechanical properties, elasticity, and stability as well as environmental responsiveness and injectability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxia Xu
- School of Medicine Xi'an International University Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Medicine Xi'an International University Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi China
| | - Junfeng Hui
- School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi China
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Aptamers Increase Biocompatibility and Reduce the Toxicity of Magnetic Nanoparticles Used in Biomedicine. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8030059. [PMID: 32183370 PMCID: PMC7148517 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamer-based approaches are very promising tools in nanomedicine. These small single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules are often used for the effective delivery and increasing biocompatibility of various therapeutic agents. Recently, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have begun to be successfully applied in various fields of biomedicine. The use of MNPs is limited by their potential toxicity, which depends on their biocompatibility. The functionalization of MNPs by ligands increases biocompatibility by changing the charge and shape of MNPs, preventing opsonization, increasing the circulation time of MNPs in the blood, thus shielding iron ions and leading to the accumulation of MNPs only in the necessary organs. Among various ligands, aptamers, which are synthetic analogs of antibodies, turned out to be the most promising for the functionalization of MNPs. This review describes the factors that determine MNPs’ biocompatibility and affect their circulation time in the bloodstream, biodistribution in organs and tissues, and biodegradation. The work also covers the role of the aptamers in increasing MNPs’ biocompatibility and reducing toxicity.
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Gan D, Wang Z, Xie C, Wang X, Xing W, Ge X, Yuan H, Wang K, Tan H, Lu X. Mussel-Inspired Tough Hydrogel with In Situ Nanohydroxyapatite Mineralization for Osteochondral Defect Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1901103. [PMID: 31609095 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Repairing osteochondral defects is a considerable challenge because it involves the breakdown of articular cartilage and underlying bone. Traditional hydrogels with a homogenized single-layer structure cannot fully restore the function of osteochondral cartilage tissue. In this study, a mussel-inspired hydrogel with a bilayer structure is developed to repair osteochondral defects. The hydrogel is synthesized by simultaneously polymerizing two layers using a one-pot method. The resulting upper and lower gelatin methacryloyl-polydopamine hydrogel layers are used as cartilage and subchondral bone repair layers, respectively. Polydopamine-induced hydroxyapatite in situ mineralization takes place in the lower layer to mimic the structure of subchondral bone. The bilayer hydrogel exhibits good mechanical properties for the synergistic effect of covalent and noncovalent bonds, as well as nanoreinforcement of mineralized hydroxyapatite. To improve the tissue-inducibility of hydrogels, transforming growth factor β3 is immobilized in the upper layer to induce cartilage regeneration, while bone morphogenetic protein 2 is immobilized in the lower layer to induce bone regeneration. Bone and cartilage repair performance of the hydrogel is examined by implantation into a full-thickness cartilage defect of a rabbit knee joint. The bilayer-structure hydrogel promotes regeneration of osteochondral tissue, thus providing a new option for repair of osteochondral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Gan
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Zhixiong Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Chaoming Xie
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Wensi Xing
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Xiang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Huipin Yuan
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Genome Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Hui Tan
- Health Science Center, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No. 3002, Sungang West Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Xiong Lu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
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Yang D, Xiao J, Wang B, Li L, Kong X, Liao J. The immune reaction and degradation fate of scaffold in cartilage/bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Viscoelasticity in natural tissues and engineered scaffolds for tissue reconstruction. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:74-92. [PMID: 31400521 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Viscoelasticity of living tissues plays a critical role in tissue homeostasis and regeneration, and its implication in disease development and progression is being recognized recently. In this review, we first explored the state of knowledge regarding the potential application of tissue viscoelasticity in disease diagnosis. In order to better characterize viscoelasticity with local resolution and non-invasiveness, emerging characterization methods have been developed with the potential to be supplemented to existing facilities. To understand cellular responses to matrix viscoelastic behaviors in vitro, hydrogels made of natural polymers have been developed and the relationships between their molecular structure and viscoelastic behaviors, are elucidated. Moreover, how cells perceive the viscoelastic microenvironment and cellular responses including cell attachment, spreading, proliferation, differentiation and matrix production, have been discussed. Finally, some future perspective on an integrated mechanobiological comprehension of the viscoelastic behaviors involved in tissue homeostasis, cellular responses and biomaterial design are highlighted. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Tissue- or organ-scale viscoelastic behavior is critical for homeostasis, and the molecular basis and cellular responses of viscoelastic materials at micro- or nano-scale are being recognized recently. We summarized the potential applications of viscoelasticity in disease diagnosis enabled by emerging non-invasive characterization technologies, and discussed the underlying mechanism of viscoelasticity of hydrogels and current understandings of cell regulatory functions of them. With a growing understanding of the molecular basis of hydrogel viscoelasticity and recognition of its regulatory functions on cell behaviors, it is important to bring the clinical insights on how these characterization technologies and engineered materials may contribute to disease diagnosis and treatment. This review explains the basics in characterizing viscoelasticity with our hope to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical applications.
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Radeloff K, Radeloff A, Tirado MR, Scherzad A, Hagen R, Kleinsasser NH, Hackenberg S. Long-Term Impact of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Differentiation and Cytokine Secretion of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12111823. [PMID: 31195623 PMCID: PMC6600967 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are widely utilized, for example in manufacturing paints and in the cosmetic industry. In addition, there is raising interest in the application of NPs in stem cell research. However, cytotoxic, genotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects were shown for NPs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of ZnO-NPs on cytokine secretion and differentiation properties of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs). Human ASCs were exposed to the subtoxic concentration of 0.2 µg/mL ZnO-NPs for 24 h. After four weeks of cultivation, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation procedures were performed. The multi-differentiation potential was confirmed histologically and using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and caspase 3 was analyzed. Over the course of four weeks after ZnO-NPs exposure, no significant differences were detected in the gene expression of IL-6, IL-8, VEGF and caspase 3 compared to non-exposed cells. The differentiation was also not affected by the ZnO-NPs. These findings underline the fact, that functionality of ASCs is likely to be unaffected by ZnO-NPs, despite a long-term disposition of NPs in the cells, supposing that the starting concentration was safely in the non-toxic range. This might provide important information for single-use nanomedical applications of ZnO-NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Radeloff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Carl von Ossietzky-University, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Radeloff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Carl von Ossietzky-University, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Mario Ramos Tirado
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Agmal Scherzad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Rudolf Hagen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Norbert H Kleinsasser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kepler-University, 4021 Linz, Austria.
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, Julius-Maximilian-University, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Markides H, Newell KJ, Rudorf H, Ferreras LB, Dixon JE, Morris RH, Graves M, Kaggie J, Henson F, El Haj AJ. Ex vivo MRI cell tracking of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells in an ovine osteochondral defect model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:25. [PMID: 30635066 PMCID: PMC6330448 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteochondral injuries represent a significant clinical problem requiring novel cell-based therapies to restore function of the damaged joint with the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) leading research efforts. Pre-clinical studies are fundamental in translating such therapies; however, technologies to minimally invasively assess in vivo cell fate are currently limited. We investigate the potential of a MRI- (magnetic resonance imaging) and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-based technique to monitor cellular bio-distribution in an ovine osteochondral model of acute and chronic injuries. METHODS MSCs were isolated, expanded and labelled with Nanomag, a 250-nm SPION, and using a novel cell-penetrating technique, glycosaminoglycan-binding enhanced transduction (GET). MRI visibility thresholds, cellular toxicity and differentiation potential post-labelling were assessed in vitro. A single osteochondral defect was created in the medial femoral condyle in the left knee joint of each sheep with the contralateral joint serving as the control. Cells, either GET-Nanomag labelled or unlabelled, were delivered 1 week or 4.5 weeks later. Sheep were sacrificed 7 days post implantation and immediately MR imaged using a 0.2-T MRI scanner and validated on a 3-T MRI scanner prior to histological evaluation. RESULTS MRI data demonstrated a significant increase in MRI contrast as a result of GET-Nanomag labelling whilst cell viability, proliferation and differentiation capabilities were not affected. MRI results revealed evidence of implanted cells within the synovial joint of the injured leg of the chronic model only with no signs of cell localisation to the defect site in either model. This was validated histologically determining the location of implanted cells in the synovium. Evidence of engulfment of Nanomag-labelled cells by leukocytes is observed in the injured legs of the chronic model only. Finally, serum c-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured by ELISA with no obvious increase in CRP levels observed as a result of P21-8R:Nanomag delivery. CONCLUSION This study has the potential to be a powerful translational tool with great implications in the clinical translation of stem cell-based therapies. Further, we have demonstrated the ability to obtain information linked to key biological events occurring post implantation, essential in designing therapies and selecting pre-clinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hareklea Markides
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Healthcare Technologies Institute, Birmingham University, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
| | - Karin J. Newell
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Heike Rudorf
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge, CB3 0ES UK
| | - Lia Blokpoel Ferreras
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
| | - James E. Dixon
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD UK
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, NG11 8NF UK
| | - Robert H. Morris
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, NG11 8NF UK
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Martin Graves
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Joshua Kaggie
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Frances Henson
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge, CB3 0ES UK
| | - Alicia J. El Haj
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Healthcare Technologies Institute, Birmingham University, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK
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17
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Chen F, Li G, Zhao ER, Li J, Hableel G, Lemaster JE, Bai Y, Sen GL, Jokerst JV. Cellular toxicity of silicon carbide nanomaterials as a function of morphology. Biomaterials 2018; 179:60-70. [PMID: 29980075 PMCID: PMC6069971 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon carbide has been shown to be biocompatible and is used as a coating material for implanted medical devices to prevent biofilms. Silicon carbide nanomaterials are also promising in cell tracking due to their stable and strong luminescence, but more comprehensive studies of this material on the nanoscale are needed. Here, we studied the toxicity of silicon carbide nanomaterials on human mesenchymal stem cells in terms of metabolism, viability, adhesion, proliferation, migration, oxidative stress, and differentiation ability. We compared two different shapes and found that silicon carbide nanowires are toxic to human mesenchymal stem cells but not to cancer cell lines at the concentration of 0.1 mg/mL. Control silicon carbide nanoparticles were biocompatible to human mesenchymal stem cells at 0.1 mg/mL. We studied the potential mechanistic effect of silicon carbide nanowires on human mesenchymal stem cells' phenotype, cytokine secretion, and gene expression. These findings suggest that the toxic effect of silicon carbide nanomaterials to human mesenchymal stem cells are dependent on morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gongyi Li
- College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410073 PR China
| | - Eric Ruike Zhao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jingting Li
- Departments of Dermatology and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ghanim Hableel
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jeanne E Lemaster
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yuting Bai
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - George L Sen
- Departments of Dermatology and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jesse V Jokerst
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Poller WC, Pieber M, Boehm-Sturm P, Ramberger E, Karampelas V, Möller K, Schleicher M, Wiekhorst F, Löwa N, Wagner S, Schnorr J, Taupitz M, Stangl K, Stangl V, Ludwig A. Very small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: Long-term fate and metabolic processing in atherosclerotic mice. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:2575-2586. [PMID: 30179669 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the biotransformation of very small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (VSOP) in atherosclerotic LDLR-/- mice. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an uptake of VSOP not only by macrophages but also by endothelial cells in liver, spleen, and atherosclerotic lesions and their accumulation in the lysosomal compartment. Using magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS), we show that the majority of VSOP's superparamagnetic iron was degraded within 28 days. MPS spectrum shape indicated changes in the magnetic properties of VSOP during the biodegradation process. Experiments with primary murine bone marrow derived macrophages, primary murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and primary human aortic endothelial cells demonstrated that loading with VSOP induced a differential response of cellular iron homeostasis mechanisms with increased levels of ferritin and iron transport proteins in macrophages and increased levels of ferritin in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram C Poller
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Melanie Pieber
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Boehm-Sturm
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology and Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence and Charité Core Facility 7T Experimental MRIs, Berlin, Germany
| | - Evelyn Ramberger
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vasileios Karampelas
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin Möller
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Schleicher
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Löwa
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Wagner
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Radiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Schnorr
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Radiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Taupitz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Klinik für Radiologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Stangl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Verena Stangl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Antje Ludwig
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berlin, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
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Xia Y, Sun J, Zhao L, Zhang F, Liang XJ, Guo Y, Weir MD, Reynolds MA, Gu N, Xu HHK. Magnetic field and nano-scaffolds with stem cells to enhance bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2018; 183:151-170. [PMID: 30170257 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Novel strategies utilizing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and magnetic fields are being developed to enhance bone tissue engineering efficacy. This article first reviewed cutting-edge research on the osteogenic enhancements via magnetic fields and MNPs. Then the current developments in magnetic strategies to improve the cells, scaffolds and growth factor deliveries were described. The magnetic-cell strategies included cell labeling, targeting, patterning, and gene modifications. MNPs were incorporated to fabricate magnetic composite scaffolds, as well as to construct delivery systems for growth factors, drugs and gene transfections. The novel methods using magnetic nanoparticles and scaffolds with magnetic fields and stem cells increased the osteogenic differentiation, angiogenesis and bone regeneration by 2-3 folds over those of the controls. The mechanisms of magnetic nanoparticles and scaffolds with magnetic fields and stem cells to enhance bone regeneration were identified as involving the activation of signaling pathways including MAPK, integrin, BMP and NF-κB. Potential clinical applications of magnetic nanoparticles and scaffolds with magnetic fields and stem cells include dental, craniofacial and orthopedic treatments with substantially increased bone repair and regeneration efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Feimin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Tickle JA, Poptani H, Taylor A, Chari DM. Noninvasive imaging of nanoparticle-labeled transplant populations within polymer matrices for neural cell therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1333-1348. [PMID: 29949467 PMCID: PMC6220152 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop a 3D neural cell construct for encapsulated delivery of transplant cells; develop hydrogels seeded with magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-labeled cells suitable for cell tracking by MRI. MATERIALS & METHODS Astrocytes were exogenously labeled with MRI-compatible iron-oxide MNPs prior to intra-construct incorporation within a 3D collagen hydrogel. RESULTS A connective, complex cellular network was clearly observable within the 3D constructs, with high cellular viability. MNP accumulation in astrocytes provided a hypointense MRI signal at 24 h & 14 days. CONCLUSION Our findings support the concept of developing a 3D construct possessing the dual advantages of (i) support of long-term cell survival of neural populations with (ii) the potential for noninvasive MRI-tracking of intra-construct cells for neuroregenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A Tickle
- Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Harish Poptani
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Arthur Taylor
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Divya M Chari
- Institute for Science & Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK
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21
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Li M, Hao M, Jiang D, Chen Y, Wang W. In Vivo Tracking of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Knee Osteoarthritis Model with Fluorescent Lipophilic Membrane Dye. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29053693 DOI: 10.3791/56273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to support the clinical application of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (haMSC) therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), we examined the efficacy of cell persistence and biodistribution of haMSCs in animal models. We demonstrated a method to label the cell membrane of haMSCs with lipophilic fluorescent dye. Subsequently, intra-articular injection of the labeled cells in rats with surgically induced KOA was monitored dynamically by an in vivo imaging system. We employed the lipophilic carbocyanines DiD (DilC18 (5)), a far-red fluorescent Dil (dialkylcarbocyanines) analog, which utilized a red laser to avoid excitation of the natural green autofluorescence from surrounding tissues. Furthermore, the red-shifted emission spectra of DiD allowed deep-tissue imaging in live animals and the labeling procedure caused no cytotoxic effects or functional damage to haMSCs. This approach has been shown to be an efficient tracking method for haMSCs in a rat KOA model. The application of this method could also be used to determine the optimal administration route and dosage of MSCs from other sources in pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, China; Cellular Biomedicine Group, California
| | - Ming Hao
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, China; Cellular Biomedicine Group, California
| | - Dong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital
| | - Yanxi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University
| | - Wen Wang
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, China; Cellular Biomedicine Group, California;
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Biofabrication and spectral characterization of silver nanoparticles and their cytotoxic studies on human CD34 +ve stem cells. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:216. [PMID: 28330288 PMCID: PMC5053953 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0532-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesis of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles is gaining significant importance due to environmentally safe ‘green method’ and it is an efficient alternative method. In the present study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by using root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra an important medicinal plant. The AgNPs are characterized by spectral analysis; the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak of AgNPs showed maximum absorption at 445 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) data show that the O–H hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids, ester and ether groups and C–O stretching of alcohols have been utilized in the formation of AgNPs. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data reveal that the AgNPs are face-centered cubic (fcc) in structure. The size was determined by particle size analyzer and atomic force microscope (AFM); the results reveal that AgNPs were spherical in shape and the average grain size is determined as 41.5–46.5 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs obtained show that AgNPs were roughly spherical and well dispersed with the sizes ranging from 10 to 45 nm ± 5 nm. The biofabricated AgNPs are extremely stable due to its high negative zeta potential −34.1 mV which indicates that the nanoparticles are polydispered in nature. The cytotoxic studies of AgNPs on human CD34 +ve stem cells in microcarrier culture reveal excellent growth at different concentrations of biosynthesized AgNPs. This is the first report of microcarrier culture of CD34 +ve stem cells on biosynthesized AgNPs.
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23
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Chen H, Wang L, Fu H, Wang Z, Xie Y, Zhang Z, Tang Y. Gadolinium functionalized carbon dots for fluorescence/magnetic resonance dual-modality imaging of mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:7472-7480. [PMID: 32263747 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01422d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of multimodal nanoprobes is of great importance in nanomedicine because it integrates the advantages of each imaging modality and offers a significantly enhanced diagnostic effect. In this work, gadolinium(iii) functionalized fluorescent carbon dots (Gd-CDs) are synthesized by means of a one-step hydrothermal approach. As a fluorescent nanomaterial, the obtained Gd-CDs exhibit strong and stable fluorescence with excitation-independent emission behavior. Moreover, as an MRI contrast agent, the Gd-CDs exhibited a longitudinal relaxation rate of 6.06 mM-1 s-1, which is significantly higher than that of the commercially available MRI agent Gadovist (4.24 mM-1 s-1). In addition, the cellular experiment reveals that Gd-CDs promote the proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), which is tracked by the fluorescence/Magnetic Resonance dual-modality imaging of hMSCs by the Gd-CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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24
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Kilian T, Fidler F, Kasten A, Nietzer S, Landgraf V, Weiß K, Walles H, Westphal F, Hackenberg S, Grüttner C, Steinke M. Stem cell labeling with iron oxide nanoparticles: impact of 3D culture on cell labeling maintenance. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1957-70. [PMID: 27456272 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We aimed to analyze the suitability of nanoparticles (M4E) for safe human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) labeling and determined cell labeling maintenance in 2D and 3D culture. MATERIALS & METHODS We investigated cell-particle interaction and the particles' impact on cell viability, growth and proliferation. We analyzed cell labeling maintenance in 2D and 3D culture invasively and noninvasively. RESULTS M4E do not affect cell viability, growth and proliferation and do not cause chromosomal aberrations. Cell labeling maintenance is up to five-times higher in 3D conditions compared with 2D culture. CONCLUSION M4E allow safe hMSC labeling and noninvasive identification. Our hMSC-loaded, 3D tissue-engineered construct could serve as a graft for regenerative therapies, in which M4E-labeled hMSCs can migrate to their target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Kilian
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering & Biotechnology IGB, Translational Center "Regenerative Therapies for Oncology & Musculoskeletal Diseases" - Würzburg branch, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Fidler
- Research Center Magnetic-Resonance-Bavaria, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annika Kasten
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sarah Nietzer
- Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Landgraf
- Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Weiß
- Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering & Biotechnology IGB, Translational Center "Regenerative Therapies for Oncology & Musculoskeletal Diseases" - Würzburg branch, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.,Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fritz Westphal
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic & Reconstructive Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 11, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cordula Grüttner
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Maria Steinke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering & Biotechnology IGB, Translational Center "Regenerative Therapies for Oncology & Musculoskeletal Diseases" - Würzburg branch, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.,Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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25
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Harrison R, Markides H, Morris RH, Richards P, El Haj AJ, Sottile V. Autonomous magnetic labelling of functional mesenchymal stem cells for improved traceability and spatial control in cell therapy applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2333-2348. [PMID: 27151571 PMCID: PMC5573958 DOI: 10.1002/term.2133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a valuable resource for regenerative medicine treatments for orthopaedic repair and beyond. Following developments in isolation, expansion and differentiation protocols, efforts to promote clinical translation of emerging cellular strategies now seek to improve cell delivery and targeting. This study shows efficient live MSC labelling using silica‐coated magnetic particles (MPs), which enables 3D tracking and guidance of stem cells. A procedure developed for the efficient and unassisted particle uptake was shown to support MSC viability and integrity, while surface marker expression and MSC differentiation capability were also maintained. In vitro, MSCs showed a progressive decrease in labelling over increasing culture time, which appeared to be linked to the dilution effect of cell division, rather than to particle release, and did not lead to detectable secondary particle uptake. Labelled MSC populations demonstrated magnetic responsiveness in vitro through directed migration in culture and, when seeded onto a scaffold, supporting MP‐based approaches to cell targeting. The potential of these silica‐coated MPs for MRI cell tracking of MSC populations was validated in 2D and in a cartilage repair model following cell delivery. These results highlight silica‐coated magnetic particles as a simple, safe and effective resource to enhance MSC targeting for therapeutic applications and improve patient outcomes. © 2016 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Harrison
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Hareklea Markides
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | - Robert H Morris
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, UK
| | - Paula Richards
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, UK
| | - Virginie Sottile
- Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling (STEM), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
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26
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Ariza de Schellenberger A, Kratz H, Farr TD, Löwa N, Hauptmann R, Wagner S, Taupitz M, Schnorr J, Schellenberger EA. Labeling of mesenchymal stem cells for MRI with single-cell sensitivity. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:1517-35. [PMID: 27110112 PMCID: PMC4835118 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensitive cell detection by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important tool for the development of cell therapies. However, clinically approved contrast agents that allow single-cell detection are currently not available. Therefore, we compared very small iron oxide nanoparticles (VSOP) and new multicore carboxymethyl dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (multicore particles, MCP) designed by our department for magnetic particle imaging (MPI) with discontinued Resovist® regarding their suitability for detection of single mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) by MRI. We achieved an average intracellular nanoparticle (NP) load of >10 pg Fe per cell without the use of transfection agents. NP loading did not lead to significantly different results in proliferation, colony formation, and multilineage in vitro differentiation assays in comparison to controls. MRI allowed single-cell detection using VSOP, MCP, and Resovist® in conjunction with high-resolution T2*-weighted imaging at 7 T with postprocessing of phase images in agarose cell phantoms and in vivo after delivery of 2,000 NP-labeled MSC into mouse brains via the left carotid artery. With optimized labeling conditions, a detection rate of ~45% was achieved; however, the experiments were limited by nonhomogeneous NP loading of the MSC population. Attempts should be made to achieve better cell separation for homogeneous NP loading and to thus improve NP-uptake-dependent biocompatibility studies and cell detection by MRI and future MPI. Additionally, using a 7 T MR imager equipped with a cryocoil resulted in approximately two times higher detection. In conclusion, we established labeling conditions for new high-relaxivity MCP, VSOP, and Resovist® for improved MRI of MSC with single-cell sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harald Kratz
- Department of Radiology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tracy D Farr
- Department of Experimental Neurology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Medical School, Nottingham, UK
| | - Norbert Löwa
- Department of Biomagnetic Signals, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Hauptmann
- Department of Radiology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Wagner
- Department of Radiology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Taupitz
- Department of Radiology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Schnorr
- Department of Radiology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eyk A Schellenberger
- Department of Radiology, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Kapoor S, Kundu SC. Silk protein-based hydrogels: Promising advanced materials for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:17-32. [PMID: 26602821 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are a class of advanced material forms that closely mimic properties of the soft biological tissues. Several polymers have been explored for preparing hydrogels with structural and functional features resembling that of the extracellular matrix. Favourable material properties, biocompatibility and easy processing of silk protein fibers into several forms make it a suitable material for biomedical applications. Hydrogels made from silk proteins have shown a potential in overcoming limitations of hydrogels prepared from conventional polymers. A great deal of effort has been made to control the properties and to integrate novel topographical and functional characteristics in the hydrogel composed from silk proteins. This review provides overview of the advances in silk protein-based hydrogels with a primary emphasis on hydrogels of fibroin. It describes the approaches used to fabricate fibroin hydrogels. Attempts to improve the existing properties or to incorporate new features in the hydrogels by making composites and by improving fibroin properties by genetic engineering approaches are also described. Applications of the fibroin hydrogels in the realms of tissue engineering and controlled release are reviewed and their future potentials are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This review describes the potentiality of silk fibroin hydrogel. Silk Fibroin has been widely recognized as an interesting biomaterial. Due to its properties including high mechanical strength and excellent biocompatibility, it has gained wide attention. Several groups are exploring silk-based materials including films, hydrogels, nanofibers and nanoparticles for different biomedical applications. Although there is a good amount of literature available on general properties and applications of silk based biomaterials, there is an inadequacy of extensive review articles that specifically focus on silk based hydrogels. Silk-based hydrogels have a strong potential to be utilized in biomedical applications. Our work is an effort to highlight the research that has been done in the area of silk-based hydrogels. It aims to provide an overview of the advances that have been made and the future course available. It will provide an overview of the silk-based hydrogels as well as may direct the readers to the specific areas of application.
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28
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Aşık E, Aslan TN, Volkan M, Güray NT. 2-Amino-2-deoxy-glucose conjugated cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticle (2DG-MNP) as a targeting agent for breast cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 41:272-278. [PMID: 26761626 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 2-amino-2-deoxy-glucose (2DG) was conjugated to COOH modified cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (COOH-MNPs), which were designed to target tumor cells as a potential targetable drug/gene delivery agent for cancer treatment. According to our results, it is apparent that, 2DG labeled MNPs were internalized more efficiently than COOH-MNPs under the same conditions in all cell types (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer and MCF-10A normal breast cells) (p<0.001). Moreover, the highest amount of uptake was observed in MDA-MB-231, followed by MCF-7 and normal MCF-10A cells for both MNPs. The apoptotic effects of 2DG-MNPs were further evaluated, and it was found that apoptosis was not induced at low concentrations of 2DG-MNPs in all cell types, whereas dramatic cell death was observed at higher concentrations. In addition, the gene expression levels of four drug-metabolizing enzymes, two Phase I (CYP1A1, CYP1B1) and two Phase II (GSTM3, GSTZ1) were also increased with the high concentrations of 2DG-MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Aşık
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Nur Aslan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Mürvet Volkan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - N Tülin Güray
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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29
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Stem Cell Tracking with Nanoparticles for Regenerative Medicine Purposes: An Overview. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:7920358. [PMID: 26839568 PMCID: PMC4709786 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7920358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate and noninvasive stem cell tracking is one of the most important needs in regenerative medicine to determine both stem cell destinations and final differentiation fates, thus allowing a more detailed picture of the mechanisms involved in these therapies.
Given the great importance and advances in the field of nanotechnology for stem cell imaging, currently, several nanoparticles have become standardized products and have been undergoing fast commercialization. This review has been intended to summarize the current use of different engineered nanoparticles in stem cell tracking for regenerative medicine purposes, in particular by detailing their main features and exploring their biosafety aspects, the first step for clinical application. Moreover, this review has summarized the advantages and applications of stem cell tracking with nanoparticles in experimental and preclinical studies and investigated present limitations for their employment in the clinical setting.
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30
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Papadimitriou N, Li S, Barreto Henriksson H. Iron Sucrose-Labeled Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells: In Vitro Multilineage Capability and In Vivo Traceability in a Lapine Xenotransplantation Model. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2403-12. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Papadimitriou
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susann Li
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helena Barreto Henriksson
- Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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31
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Korchinski DJ, Taha M, Yang R, Nathoo N, Dunn JF. Iron Oxide as an MRI Contrast Agent for Cell Tracking. MAGNETIC RESONANCE INSIGHTS 2015; 8:15-29. [PMID: 26483609 PMCID: PMC4597836 DOI: 10.4137/mri.s23557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide contrast agents have been combined with magnetic resonance imaging for cell tracking. In this review, we discuss coating properties and provide an overview of ex vivo and in vivo labeling of different cell types, including stem cells, red blood cells, and monocytes/macrophages. Furthermore, we provide examples of applications of cell tracking with iron contrast agents in stroke, multiple sclerosis, cancer, arteriovenous malformations, and aortic and cerebral aneurysms. Attempts at quantifying iron oxide concentrations and other vascular properties are examined. We advise on designing studies using iron contrast agents including methods for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Korchinski
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - May Taha
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Runze Yang
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nabeela Nathoo
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeff F. Dunn
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Experimental Imaging Centre, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,CORRESPONDENCE:
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32
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Singh A, Jain S, Senapati S, Verma RS, Sahoo SK. Magnetic Nanoparticles Labeled Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Pragmatic Solution toward Targeted Cancer Theranostics. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2078-2089. [PMID: 26332511 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained much interest to be used as targeting vehicle in cancer therapy due to the intrinsic tumor-homing behavior associated with them. In this scenario, superparamagnetic nanoparticles are emerging as an ideal probe for noninvasive cell tracking for different stem cell applications. In the study, it is demonstrated that the formulated aqueous dispersible glyceryl monooleate coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can act as a better labeling and efficient tracking agent without affecting the inherent properties of MSCs. The MNPs-MSCs facilitate the stem cell tracking by magnetic resonance imaging at a very low cell number having high T2 relaxivity and potentiates the use of MNPs-MSCs as a prospective diagnostic tool. Most importantly, the homing of MNPs-MSCs toward inflammation site, subcutaneous prostate tumor (small as well as large tumor), and in orthotopic prostate tumor suggests the clinical relevance of the system. In addition, intraperitoneal delivery of MNPs-MSCs shows enhanced tumor accumulation and less sequestration in liver as revealed by in vivo imaging and histological studies. The results here demonstrate that MNPs-MSCs may prove as a better targeted delivery agent for early diagnosis of tumors even of smaller size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhalaxmi Singh
- Institute of Life Sciences; Nalco Square; Chandrasekharpur Bhubaneswar 751023 India
| | - Sumeet Jain
- Institute of Life Sciences; Nalco Square; Chandrasekharpur Bhubaneswar 751023 India
| | | | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences; Department of Biotechnology; Indian Institute of Technology; Chennai 600036 TN India
| | - Sanjeeb K. Sahoo
- Institute of Life Sciences; Nalco Square; Chandrasekharpur Bhubaneswar 751023 India
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33
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Scharf A, Holmes S, Thoresen M, Mumaw J, Stumpf A, Peroni J. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a means to track mesenchymal stem cells in a large animal model of tendon injury. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2015; 10:388-97. [PMID: 26033748 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to establish an SPIO-based cell-tracking method in an ovine model of tendonitis and to determine if this method may be useful for further study of cellular therapies in tendonitis in vivo. Functional assays were performed on labeled and unlabeled cells to ensure that no significant changes were induced by intracellular SPIOs. Following biosafety validation, tendon lesions were mechanically (n = 4) or chemically (n = 4) induced in four sheep and scanned ex vivo at 7 and 14 days to determine the presence and distribution of intralesional cells. Ovine MSCs labeled with 50 µg SPIOs/mL remained viable, proliferate, and undergo tri-lineage differentiation (p < 0.05). Labeled ovine MSCs remained detectable in vitro in concentrated cell numbers as low as 10 000 and in volumetric distributions as low as 100 000 cells/mL. Cells remained detectable by MRI at 7 days, as confirmed by correlative histology for dually labeled SPIO+/GFP+ cells. Histological evidence at 14 days suggested that SPIO particles remained embedded in tissue, providing MRI signal, although cells were no longer present. SPIO labeling has proven to be an effective method for cell tracking for a large animal model of tendon injury for up to 7 days post-injection. The data obtained in this study justify further investigation into the effects of MSC survival and migration on overall tendon healing and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Scharf
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, H-322, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.,Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Shannon Holmes
- Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Merrilee Thoresen
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, H-322, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Jennifer Mumaw
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, H-322, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Alaina Stumpf
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, H-322, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - John Peroni
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, H-322, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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34
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Wan W, Li Q, Gao H, Ge L, Liu Y, Zhong W, Ouyang J, Xing M. BMSCs laden injectable amino-diethoxypropane modified alginate-chitosan hydrogel for hyaline cartilage reconstruction. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:1990-2005. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01394h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed an injectable hydrogel composed of amino-diethoxypropane modified alginate and chitosan, and also investigated bone marrow mesenchy + mal stromal cells (BMSCs) laden hydrogel for cartilage reconstruction in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Wan
- Department of Anatomy
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Qingtao Li
- Department of Anatomy
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Haiyun Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg MB
- Canada
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health
| | - Liangpeng Ge
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg MB
- Canada
- Manitoba Institute of Child Health
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg MB
- Canada
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Textile Sciences
- University of Manitoba
- Canada
| | - Jun Ouyang
- Department of Anatomy
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Department of Anatomy
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Biomechanical Key Laboratory
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
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35
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Ferreira TH, Rocca A, Marino A, Mattoli V, de Sousa EMB, Ciofani G. Evaluation of the effects of boron nitride nanotubes functionalized with gum arabic on the differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05091j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The biocompatibility of boron nitride nanotubes with rat mesenchymal stem cells has been evaluated in terms of cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago H. Ferreira
- SENAN
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear
- CDTN/CNEN
- 30270-901 Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Antonella Rocca
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
- The BioRobotics Institute
| | - Attilio Marino
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
- The BioRobotics Institute
| | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
| | - Edesia M. B. de Sousa
- SENAN
- Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear
- CDTN/CNEN
- 30270-901 Belo Horizonte
- Brazil
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 56025 Pontedera
- Italy
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36
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Papadimitriou N, Thorfve A, Brantsing C, Junevik K, Baranto A, Barreto Henriksson H. Cell Viability and Chondrogenic Differentiation Capability of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells After Iron Labeling with Iron Sucrose. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2568-80. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Papadimitriou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Thorfve
- Department for Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Camilla Brantsing
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Junevik
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adad Baranto
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helena Barreto Henriksson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Trachtenberg JE, Vo TN, Mikos AG. Pre-clinical characterization of tissue engineering constructs for bone and cartilage regeneration. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 43:681-96. [PMID: 25319726 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pre-clinical animal models play a crucial role in the translation of biomedical technologies from the bench top to the bedside. However, there is a need for improved techniques to evaluate implanted biomaterials within the host, including consideration of the care and ethics associated with animal studies, as well as the evaluation of host tissue repair in a clinically relevant manner. This review discusses non-invasive, quantitative, and real-time techniques for evaluating host-materials interactions, quality and rate of neotissue formation, and functional outcomes of implanted biomaterials for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Specifically, a comparison will be presented for pre-clinical animal models, histological scoring systems, and non-invasive imaging modalities. Additionally, novel technologies to track delivered cells and growth factors will be discussed, including methods to directly correlate their release with tissue growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan E Trachtenberg
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS 142, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX, 77251-1892, USA
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Tachibana Y, Enmi JI, Agudelo CA, Iida H, Yamaoka T. Long-Term/Bioinert Labeling of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells with PVA-Gd Conjugates and MRI Monitoring of the Labeled Cell Survival after Intramuscular Transplantation. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1243-51. [DOI: 10.1021/bc400463t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Tachibana
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Jun-ichiro Enmi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Carlos A. Agudelo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Iida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and ‡Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 565-8565, Japan
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Roeder E, Henrionnet C, Goebel JC, Gambier N, Beuf O, Grenier D, Chen B, Vuissoz PA, Gillet P, Pinzano A. Dose-response of superparamagnetic iron oxide labeling on mesenchymal stem cells chondrogenic differentiation: a multi-scale in vitro study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98451. [PMID: 24878844 PMCID: PMC4039474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this work was the development of successful cell therapy techniques for cartilage engineering. This will depend on the ability to monitor non-invasively transplanted cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are promising candidates to regenerate damaged tissues. Methods MSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO). We examined the effects of long-term labeling, possible toxicological consequences and the possible influence of progressive concentrations of SPIO on chondrogenic differentiation capacity. Results No influence of various SPIO concentrations was noted on human bone marow MSC viability or proliferation. We demonstrated long-term (4 weeks) in vitro retention of SPIO by human bone marrow MSCs seeded in collagenic sponges under TGF-β1 chondrogenic conditions, detectable by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and histology. Chondrogenic differentiation was demonstrated by molecular and histological analysis of labeled and unlabeled cells. Chondrogenic gene expression (COL2A2, ACAN, SOX9, COL10, COMP) was significantly altered in a dose-dependent manner in labeled cells, as were GAG and type II collagen staining. As expected, SPIO induced a dramatic decrease of MRI T2 values of sponges at 7T and 3T, even at low concentrations. Conclusions This study clearly demonstrates (1) long-term in vitro MSC traceability using SPIO and MRI and (2) a deleterious dose-dependence of SPIO on TGF-β1 driven chondrogenesis in collagen sponges. Low concentrations (12.5–25 µg Fe/mL) seem the best compromise to optimize both chondrogenesis and MRI labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Roeder
- Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire – Unité Mixte de Recherches 7365 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy, France
| | - Christel Henrionnet
- Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire – Unité Mixte de Recherches 7365 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy, France
| | - Jean Christophe Goebel
- Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5220, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1044, Université de Lyon, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Gambier
- Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire – Unité Mixte de Recherches 7365 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy, France
| | - Olivier Beuf
- Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5220, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1044, Université de Lyon, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Denis Grenier
- Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5220, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1044, Université de Lyon, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bailiang Chen
- Imagerie Adaptative Diagnostique Interventionelle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U947, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pierre-André Vuissoz
- Imagerie Adaptative Diagnostique Interventionelle, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U947, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Gillet
- Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire – Unité Mixte de Recherches 7365 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Astrid Pinzano
- Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire – Unité Mixte de Recherches 7365 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre Lès Nancy, France
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Sun Y, Geutjes P, Oosterwijk E, Heerschap A. In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of type I collagen scaffold in rat: improving visualization of bladder and subcutaneous implants. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2014; 20:964-71. [PMID: 24625324 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive monitoring of implanted scaffolds is important to understand their behavior and role in tissue engineering, in particular to follow their degradation and interaction with host tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is well suited for this goal, but its application is often hampered by the low contrast of scaffolds that are prepared from biomaterials such as type I collagen. The aim of this study was to test iron oxide particles incorporation in improving their MRI contrasts, and to follow their degradation and tissue interactions. Scaffolds with and without iron oxide particles were implanted either subcutaneously or on the bladder of rats. At predetermined time points, in vivo MRI were obtained and tissues were then harvested for histology analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The result showed that the incorporation of iron oxide particles improved MRI contrast of the implants, providing information on their location, shapes, and degradation. Second, the host tissue reaction to the type I collagen implants could be observed in both MRI and histology. Finally, MRI also revealed that the degradation and host tissue reaction of iron particles-loaded scaffolds differed between subcutaneous and bladder implantation, which was substantiated by histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- 1 Department of Radiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre , Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Luengo Y, Nardecchia S, Morales MP, Serrano MC. Different cell responses induced by exposure to maghemite nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:11428-37. [PMID: 23963338 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02148c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology have permitted the development of a wide repertoire of inorganic magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) with extensive promise for biomedical applications. Despite this remarkable potential, many questions still arise concerning the biocompatible nature of NPs when in contact with biological systems. Herein, we have investigated how controlled changes in the physicochemical properties of iron oxide NPs at their surface (i.e., surface charge and hydrodynamic size) affect, first, their interaction with cell media components and, subsequently, cell responses to NP exposure. For that purpose, we have prepared iron oxide NPs with three different coatings (i.e., dimercaptosuccinic acid - DMSA, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane - APS and dextran) and explored the response of two different cell types, murine L929 fibroblasts and human Saos-2 osteoblasts, to their exposure. Interestingly, different cell responses were found depending on the NP concentration, surface charge and cell type. In this sense, neutral NPs, as those coated with dextran, induced negligible cell damage, as their cellular internalization was significantly reduced. In contrast, surface-charged NPs (i.e., those coated with DMSA and APS) caused significant cellular changes in viability, morphology and cell cycle under certain culture conditions, as a result of a more active cellular internalization. These results also revealed a particular cellular ability to detect and remember the original physicochemical properties of the NPs, despite the formation of a protein corona when incubated in culture media. Overall, conclusions from these studies are of crucial interest for future biomedical applications of iron oxide NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurena Luengo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049-Madrid, Spain.
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Markides H, Kehoe O, Morris RH, El Haj AJ. Whole body tracking of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle-labelled cells--a rheumatoid arthritis mouse model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:126. [PMID: 24406201 PMCID: PMC3854718 DOI: 10.1186/scrt337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been made possible by the immunosuppressive and differentiation abilities of these cells. A non-invasive means of assessing cell integration and bio-distribution is fundamental in evaluating the risks and success of this therapy, thereby enabling clinical translation. This paper defines the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in conjunction with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to image and track MSCs in vivo within a murine model of RA. Methods Murine MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated, expanded and labelled with SiMAG, a commercially available particle. In vitro MRI visibility thresholds were investigated by labelling mMSCs with SiMAG with concentrations ranging from 0 to 10 μg/ml and resuspending varying cell doses (103 to 5 × 105 cells) in 2 mg/ml collagen prior to MR-imaging. Similarly, in vivo detection thresholds were identified by implanting 3 × 105 mMSCs labelled with 0 to 10 μg/ml SiMAG within the synovial cavity of a mouse and MR-imaging. Upon RA induction, 300,000 mMSCs labelled with SiMAG (10 μg/ml) were implanted via intra-articular injection and joint swelling monitored as an indication of RA development over seven days. Furthermore, the effect of SiMAG on cell viability, proliferation and differentiation was investigated. Results A minimum particle concentration of 1 μg/ml (300,000 cells) and cell dose of 100,000 cells (5 and 10 μg/ml) were identified as the in vitro MRI detection threshold. Cell viability, proliferation and differentiation capabilities were not affected, with labelled populations undergoing successful differentiation down osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. A significant decrease (P < 0.01) in joint swelling was measured in groups containing SiMAG-labelled and unlabelled mMSCs implying that the presence of SPIONs does not affect the immunomodulating properties of the cells. In vivo MRI scans demonstrated good contrast and the identification of SiMAG-labelled populations within the synovial joint up to 7 days post implantation. This was further confirmed using histological analysis. Conclusions We have been able to monitor and track the migration of stem cell populations within the rheumatic joint in a non-invasive manner. This manuscript goes further to highlight the key characteristics (biocompatible and the ability to create significant contrast at realistic doses within a clinical relevant system) demonstrated by SiMAG that should be incorporated into the design of a new clinically approved tracking agent.
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Appel AA, Anastasio MA, Larson JC, Brey EM. Imaging challenges in biomaterials and tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2013; 34:6615-30. [PMID: 23768903 PMCID: PMC3799904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials are employed in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) in order to enhance the regeneration or replacement of tissue function and/or structure. The unique environments resulting from the presence of biomaterials, cells, and tissues result in distinct challenges in regards to monitoring and assessing the results of these interventions. Imaging technologies for three-dimensional (3D) analysis have been identified as a strategic priority in TERM research. Traditionally, histological and immunohistochemical techniques have been used to evaluate engineered tissues. However, these methods do not allow for an accurate volume assessment, are invasive, and do not provide information on functional status. Imaging techniques are needed that enable non-destructive, longitudinal, quantitative, and three-dimensional analysis of TERM strategies. This review focuses on evaluating the application of available imaging modalities for assessment of biomaterials and tissue in TERM applications. Included is a discussion of limitations of these techniques and identification of areas for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa A. Appel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
- Research Service, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Mark A. Anastasio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jeffery C. Larson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
- Research Service, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3255 South Dearborn St, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
- Research Service, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
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Weis C, Blank F, West A, Black G, Woodward RC, Carroll MR, Mainka A, Kartmann R, Brandl A, Bruns H, Hallam E, Shaw J, Murphy J, Teoh WY, Aifantis KE, Amal R, House M, Pierre TS, Fabry B. Labeling of cancer cells with magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 2013; 71:1896-905. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Weis
- Department of Physics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Germany
| | - Fabian Blank
- Respiratory Medicine; Berne University Hospital; Berne Switzerland
| | - Adrian West
- School of Anatomy; Physiology and Human Biology; University of Western Australia; Australia
| | - Gregory Black
- School of Physics; University of Western Australia; Australia
| | | | | | - Astrid Mainka
- Department of Physics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Germany
| | - René Kartmann
- Department of Physics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Germany
| | - Andreas Brandl
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery; Hospital of Erlangen; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Germany
| | - Heiko Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Haematology/Oncology; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Germany
| | - Elizabeth Hallam
- Australian National University; Canberra
- ACT Government Health Directorate; Canberra Hospital and Health Services; Canberra Australia
| | - Jeremy Shaw
- Centre for Microscopy; Characterisation and Analysis; University of Western Australia; Australia
| | - John Murphy
- Centre for Microscopy; Characterisation and Analysis; University of Western Australia; Australia
| | - Wey Yang Teoh
- School of Energy and Environment City; University of Hong Kong; Kowloon Hong Kong SAR
| | - Katerina E. Aifantis
- Laboratory of Mechanics and Materials; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Greece
| | - Rose Amal
- School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; University of New South Wales; Australia
| | - Mike House
- School of Physics; University of Western Australia; Australia
| | - Tim St. Pierre
- School of Physics; University of Western Australia; Australia
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics; University of Erlangen-Nuremberg; Germany
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Shamshi Hassan M, Amna T, Hwang I, Khil MS. One-step facile construction of high aspect ratio Fe3O4 decorated CNFs with distinctive porous morphology: Potential multiuse expectations. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 106:170-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lobsien D, Dreyer AY, Stroh A, Boltze J, Hoffmann KT. Imaging of VSOP labeled stem cells in agarose phantoms with susceptibility weighted and T2* weighted MR Imaging at 3T: determination of the detection limit. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62644. [PMID: 23667503 PMCID: PMC3648551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the detectability of stem cells labeled with very small iron oxide particles (VSOP) at 3T with susceptibility weighted (SWI) and T2* weighted imaging as a methodological basis for subsequent examinations in a large animal stroke model (sheep). MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined ovine mesenchymal stem cells labeled with VSOP in agarose layer phantoms. The experiments were performed in 2 different groups, with quantities of 0-100,000 labeled cells per layer. 15 different SWI- and T2*-weighted sequences and 3 RF coils were used. All measurements were carried out on a clinical 3T MRI. Images of Group A were analyzed by four radiologists blinded for the number of cells, and rated for detectability according to a four-step scale. Images of Group B were subject to a ROI-based analysis of signal intensities. Signal deviations of more than the 0.95 confidence interval in cell containing layers as compared to the mean of the signal intensity of non cell bearing layers were considered significant. RESULTS GROUP A 500 or more labeled cells were judged as confidently visible when examined with a SWI-sequence with 0.15 mm slice thickness. Group B: 500 or more labeled cells showed a significant signal reduction in SWI sequences with a slice thickness of 0.25 mm. Slice thickness and cell number per layer had a significant influence on the amount of detected signal reduction. CONCLUSION 500 VSOP labeled stem cells could be detected with SWI imaging at 3 Tesla using an experimental design suitable for large animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Lobsien
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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Ma A, Jiang L, Song L, Hu Y, Dun H, Daloze P, Yu Y, Jiang J, Zafarullah M, Chen H. Reconstruction of cartilage with clonal mesenchymal stem cell-acellular dermal matrix in cartilage defect model in nonhuman primates. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 16:399-408. [PMID: 23499511 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Articular cartilage defects are commonly associated with trauma, inflammation and osteoarthritis. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is a promising novel approach for repairing articular cartilage. Direct intra-articular injection of uncommitted MSCs does not regenerate high-quality cartilage. This study explored utilization of a new three-dimensional, selected chondrogenic clonal MSC-loaded monkey acellular dermal matrix (MSC-ADM) scaffold to repair damaged cartilage in an experimental model of knee joint cartilage defect in Cynomolgus monkeys. METHODS MSCs were characterized for cell size, cell yield, phenotypes, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation capacity. Chondrogenic differentiation assays were performed at different MSC passages by sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), collagen, and fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis. Selected chondrogenic clonal MSCs were seeded onto ADM scaffold with the sandwich model and MSC-loaded ADM grafts were analyzed by confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Cartilage defects were treated with normal saline, clonal MSCs and clonal MSC-ADM grafts, respectively. The clinical parameters, and histological and immunohistochemical examinations were evaluated at weeks 8, 16, 24 post-treatment, respectively. RESULTS Polyclonal and clonal MSCs could differentiate into the chondrogenic lineage after stimulation with suitable chondrogenic factors. They expressed mesenchymal markers and were negative for hematopoietic markers. Articular cartilage defects were considerably improved and repaired by selected chondrogenic clonal MSC-based treatment, particularly, in MSC-ADM-treated group. The histological scores in MSC-ADM-treated group were consistently higher than those of other groups. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that selected chondrogenic clonal MSC-loaded ADM grafts could improve the cartilage lesions in Cynomolgus monkey model, which may be applicable for repairing similar human cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anlun Ma
- Department of Surgery, Research Center, CHUM (CRCHUM), Notre-Dame Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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Froelich K, Steussloff G, Schmidt K, Ramos Tirado M, Technau A, Scherzed A, Hackenberg S, Radeloff A, Hagen R, Kleinsasser N. DiI labeling of human adipose-derived stem cells: evaluation of DNA damage, toxicity and functional impairment. Cells Tissues Organs 2013; 197:384-98. [PMID: 23485626 DOI: 10.1159/000346714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) have become the primary focus of tissue engineering research. To understand their functions and behavior in in vitro and in vivo models, it is mandatory to track the implanted cells and distinguish them from the resident or host cells. A common labeling method is the use of fluorescent dyes, e.g. the lipophilic carbocyanine dye, DiI. This study aimed to analyze potential DNA damage, toxicity and impairment of the functional properties of human ASCs after labeling with DiI. METHODS Cytotoxicity was measured using the MTT assay and DNA damage was determined by means of the comet assay. Potential apoptotic effects were determined using the annexin V-propidium iodide test. Differentiation potential was evaluated by trilineage differentiation procedures in labeled and unlabeled ASCs. Proliferation as well as migration capability was analyzed, and the duration and stability of DiI labeling in ASCs during in vitro expansion was observed over a period of 35 days. RESULTS DiI labeling did not cause genotoxic effects 15, or 30 min or 24 h after the labeling procedure, and there were no cytotoxic effects until 72 h afterwards. No impairment of proliferation or migration capability or differentiation potential could be determined. However, after 35 days, only 37% of labeled cells could be detected using the fluorescence microscope, which indicates a decrease in staining stability during in vitro expansion. CONCLUSION DiI is a convenient method for ASCs labeling which causes no toxic effects and does not impair the proliferation, migration or differentiation potential of ASCs after the labeling procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Froelich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Amna T, Hassan MS, Van Ba H, Khil MS, Lee HK, Hwang I. Electrospun Fe3O4/TiO2 hybrid nanofibers and their in vitro biocompatibility: Prospective matrix for satellite cell adhesion and cultivation. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:707-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ragheb RRT, Kim D, Bandyopadhyay A, Chahboune H, Bulutoglu B, Ezaldein H, Criscione JM, Fahmy TM. Induced clustered nanoconfinement of superparamagnetic iron oxide in biodegradable nanoparticles enhances transverse relaxivity for targeted theranostics. Magn Reson Med 2013; 70:1748-60. [PMID: 23401099 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Combined therapeutic and diagnostic agents, "theranostics" are emerging valuable tools for noninvasive imaging and drug delivery. Here, we report on a solid biodegradable multifunctional nanoparticle that combines both features. METHODS Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles were engineered to confine superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast for magnetic resonance imaging while enabling controlled drug delivery and targeting to specific cells. To achieve this dual modality, fatty acids were used as anchors for surface ligands and for encapsulated iron oxide in the polymer matrix. RESULTS We demonstrate that fatty acid modified iron oxide prolonged retention of the contrast agent in the polymer matrix during degradative release of drug. Antibody-fatty acid surface modification facilitated cellular targeting and subsequent internalization in cells while inducing clustering of encapsulated fatty-acid modified superparamagnetic iron oxide during particle formulation. This induced clustered confinement led to an aggregation within the nanoparticle and, hence, higher transverse relaxivity, r2 , (294 mM(-1) s(-1) ) compared with nanoparticles without fatty-acid ligands (160 mM(-1) s(-1) ) and higher than commercially available superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (89 mM(-1) s(-1) ). CONCLUSION Clustering of superparamagnetic iron oxide in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) did not affect the controlled release of encapsulated drugs such as methotrexate or clodronate and their subsequent pharmacological activity, thus highlighting the full theranostic capability of our system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragy R T Ragheb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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