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Moore E, Robson AJ, Crisp AR, Cockshell MP, Burzava ALS, Ganesan R, Robinson N, Al-Bataineh S, Nankivell V, Sandeman L, Tondl M, Benveniste G, Finnie JW, Psaltis PJ, Martocq L, Quadrelli A, Jarvis SP, Williams C, Ramage G, Rehman IU, Bursill CA, Simula T, Voelcker NH, Griesser HJ, Short RD, Bonder CS. Study of the Structure of Hyperbranched Polyglycerol Coatings and Their Antibiofouling and Antithrombotic Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401545. [PMID: 38924692 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
While blood-contacting materials are widely deployed in medicine in vascular stents, catheters, and cannulas, devices fail in situ because of thrombosis and restenosis. Furthermore, microbial attachment and biofilm formation is not an uncommon problem for medical devices. Even incremental improvements in hemocompatible materials can provide significant benefits for patients in terms of safety and patency as well as substantial cost savings. Herein, a novel but simple strategy is described for coating a range of medical materials, that can be applied to objects of complex geometry, involving plasma-grafting of an ultrathin hyperbranched polyglycerol coating (HPG). Plasma activation creates highly reactive surface oxygen moieties that readily react with glycidol. Irrespective of the substrate, coatings are uniform and pinhole free, comprising O─C─O repeats, with HPG chains packing in a fashion that holds reversibly binding proteins at the coating surface. In vitro assays with planar test samples show that HPG prevents platelet adhesion and activation, as well as reducing (>3 log) bacterial attachment and preventing biofilm formation. Ex vivo and preclinical studies show that HPG-coated nitinol stents do not elicit thrombosis or restenosis, nor complement or neutrophil activation. Subcutaneous implantation of HPG coated disks under the skin of mice shows no evidence of toxicity nor inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Moore
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Alexander J Robson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Amy R Crisp
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Michaelia P Cockshell
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Anouck L S Burzava
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Nirmal Robinson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | | | - Victoria Nankivell
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Lauren Sandeman
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Markus Tondl
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | | | - John W Finnie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Laurine Martocq
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | | | - Samuel P Jarvis
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Craig Williams
- Microbiology Department, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, LA1 4RP, UK
| | - Gordon Ramage
- Department of Nursing and Community Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Ihtesham U Rehman
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Christina A Bursill
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Tony Simula
- TekCyte Limited, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Hans J Griesser
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Robert D Short
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
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2
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Luo HD, Moon H, Siren E, Clark M, Drayton M, Kizhakkedathu JN. Investigation on Adaptability and Applicability of Polymer-Mediated Cell Surface Engineering by Ligation with Transglutaminase. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:15893-15906. [PMID: 38512725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Polymer-mediated cell surface engineering can be a powerful tool to modify the cell's biological behavior, but a simple ligation strategy must be identified. This manuscript assessed the use of transglutamination as a versatile and adaptable approach for cell surface engineering in various cellular models relevant to biomedical applications. This enzymatic approach was evaluated for its feasibility and potential for conjugating polymers to diverse cell surfaces and its biological effects. Transglutaminase-mediated ligation was successfully performed at temperatures ranging from 4 to 37 °C in as quickly as 30 min, while maintaining biocompatibility and preserving cell viability. This approach was successfully applied to nine different cell surfaces (including adherent cells and suspension cells) by optimizing the enzyme source (guinea pig liver vs microbial), buffer compositions, and incubation conditions. Finally, polymer-mediated cell surface engineering using transglutaminase exhibited immunocamouflage abilities for endothelial cells, T cells, and red blood cells by preventing the recognition of cell surface proteins by antibodies. Employing transglutaminase in polymer-mediated cell surface engineering is a promising approach to maximize its application in cell therapy and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming D Luo
- Centre for Blood Research & Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Haisle Moon
- Centre for Blood Research & Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C V6T 1Z7, Canada
| | - Erika Siren
- Centre for Blood Research & Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Meredith Clark
- Centre for Blood Research & Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Matthew Drayton
- Centre for Blood Research & Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research & Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C V6T 1Z7, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 2B9, Canada
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Mehrizi TZ, Mirzaei M, Ardestani MS. Pegylation, a Successful Strategy to Address the Storage and Instability Problems of Blood Products: Review 2011-2021. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:247-267. [PMID: 37218184 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230522091958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Conjugation of polyethylene glycol (PEGylation) to blood proteins and cells has emerged as a successful approach to address some of the issues attributed to the storage of blood products, including their short half-life and instability. In this regard, this review study aims to compare the influence of different PEGylation strategies on the quality of several blood products like red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, plasma proteins, i.e., albumin, coagulation factor VIII, and antibodies. The results indicated that conjugating succinimidyl carbonate methoxyPEG (SCmPEG) to platelets could improve blood transfusion safety by preventing these cells from being attached to low-load hidden bacteria in blood products. Moreover, coating of 20 kD succinimidyl valerate (SVA)-mPEG to RBCs was able to extend the half-life and stability of these cells during storage, as well as immune camouflage their surface antigens to prevent alloimmunisation. As regards albumin products, PEGylation improved the albumin stability, especially during sterilization, and there was a relationship between the molecular weight (MW) of PEG molecules and the biological half-life of the conjugate. Although coating antibodies with short-chain PEG molecules could enhance their stabilities, these modified proteins were cleared from the blood faster. Also, branched PEG molecules enhanced the retention and shielding of the fragmented and bispecific antibodies. Overall, the results of this literature review indicate that PEGylation can be considered a useful tool for enhancing the stability and storage of blood components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Deputy Ministry for Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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A universal multivalent hyperbranched delivery platform for circumventing multidrug resistance via double camouflage and rapid bonding with cell. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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5
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Red Blood Cell Inspired Strategies for Drug Delivery: Emerging Concepts and New Advances. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2673-2698. [PMID: 35794397 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In the past five decades, red blood cells (RBCs) have been extensively explored as drug delivery systems due to their distinguishing potential in modulating the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics, and biological activity of carried payloads. The extensive interests in RBC-mediated drug delivery technologies are in part derived from RBCs' unique biological features such as long circulation time, wide access to many tissues in the body, and low immunogenicity. Owing to these outstanding properties, a large body of efforts have led to the development of various RBC-inspired strategies to enable precise drug delivery with enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced off-target toxicity. In this review, we discuss emerging concepts and new advances in such RBC-inspired strategies, including native RBCs, ghost RBCs, RBC-mimetic nanoparticles, and RBC-derived extracellular vesicles, for drug delivery.
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Technetium-99m and ICG-labeled HPG (hyperbranched polyglycerol) as a SPECT/FL dual imaging nanoprobe for imaging blood cells: in vitro investigation using myelogenous leukemia cells. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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McArdel SL, Dugast AS, Hoover ME, Bollampalli A, Hong E, Castano Z, Leonard SC, Pawar S, Mellen J, Muriuki K, McLaughlin DC, Bayhi N, Carpenter CL, Turka LA, Wickham TJ, Elloul S. Anti-tumor effects of RTX-240: an engineered red blood cell expressing 4-1BB ligand and interleukin-15. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:2701-2719. [PMID: 34244816 PMCID: PMC8360899 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant agonists that activate co-stimulatory and cytokine receptors have shown limited clinical anticancer utility, potentially due to narrow therapeutic windows, the need for coordinated activation of co-stimulatory and cytokine pathways and the failure of agonistic antibodies to recapitulate signaling by endogenous ligands. RTX-240 is a genetically engineered red blood cell expressing 4-1BBL and IL-15/IL-15Rα fusion (IL-15TP). RTX-240 is designed to potently and simultaneously stimulate the 4-1BB and IL-15 pathways, thereby activating and expanding T cells and NK cells, while potentially offering an improved safety profile through restricted biodistribution. We assessed the ability of RTX-240 to expand and activate T cells and NK cells and evaluated the in vivo efficacy, pharmacodynamics and tolerability using murine models. Treatment of PBMCs with RTX-240 induced T cell and NK cell activation and proliferation. In vivo studies using mRBC-240, a mouse surrogate for RTX-240, revealed biodistribution predominantly to the red pulp of the spleen, leading to CD8 + T cell and NK cell expansion. mRBC-240 was efficacious in a B16-F10 melanoma model and led to increased NK cell infiltration into the lungs. mRBC-240 significantly inhibited CT26 tumor growth, in association with an increase in tumor-infiltrating proliferating and cytotoxic CD8 + T cells. mRBC-240 was tolerated and showed no evidence of hepatic injury at the highest feasible dose, compared with a 4-1BB agonistic antibody. RTX-240 promotes T cell and NK cell activity in preclinical models and shows efficacy and an improved safety profile. Based on these data, RTX-240 is now being evaluated in a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Enping Hong
- Rubius Therapeutics® Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Sneha Pawar
- Rubius Therapeutics® Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
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8
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Lee H, Kim N, Rheem HB, Kim BJ, Park JH, Choi IS. A Decade of Advances in Single-Cell Nanocoating for Mammalian Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100347. [PMID: 33890422 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Strategic advances in the single-cell nanocoating of mammalian cells have noticeably been made during the last decade, and many potential applications have been demonstrated. Various cell-coating strategies have been proposed via adaptation of reported methods in the surface sciences and/or materials identification that ensure the sustainability of labile mammalian cells during chemical manipulation. Here an overview of the methodological development and potential applications to the healthcare sector in the nanocoating of mammalian cells made during the last decade is provided. The materials used for the nanocoating are categorized into polymers, hydrogels, polyphenolic compounds, nanoparticles, and minerals, and the corresponding strategies are described under the given set of materials. It also suggests, as a future direction, the creation of the cytospace system that is hierarchically composed of the physically separated but mutually interacting cellular hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojae Lee
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Hyeong Bin Rheem
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan 44610 Korea
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Department of Science Education Ewha Womans University Seoul 03760 Korea
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell‐Encapsulation Research Department of Chemistry KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea
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9
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Haksar D, Asadpoor M, Heise T, Shi J, Braber S, Folkerts G, Ballell L, Rodrigues J, Pieters RJ. Fighting Shigella by Blocking Its Disease-Causing Toxin. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6059-6069. [PMID: 33909975 PMCID: PMC8154557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Shiga toxin is an
AB5 toxin produced by Shigella species, while related toxins are produced
by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Infection by Shigella can lead to bloody diarrhea followed
by the often fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). In the present
paper, we aimed for a simple and effective toxin inhibitor by comparing
three classes of carbohydrate-based inhibitors: glycodendrimers, glycopolymers,
and oligosaccharides. We observed a clear enhancement in potency for
multivalent inhibitors, with the divalent and tetravalent compounds
inhibiting in the millimolar and micromolar range, respectively. However,
the polymeric inhibitor based on galabiose was the most potent in
the series exhibiting nanomolar inhibition. Alginate and chitosan
oligosaccharides also inhibit Shiga toxin and may be used as a prophylactic
drug during shigella outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Haksar
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mostafa Asadpoor
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Torben Heise
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Shi
- Diseases of the Developing World (DDW), Global Health R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Folkerts
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lluis Ballell
- Diseases of the Developing World (DDW), Global Health R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Janneth Rodrigues
- Diseases of the Developing World (DDW), Global Health R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roland J Pieters
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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10
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Arno MC. Engineering the Mammalian Cell Surface with Synthetic Polymers: Strategies and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000302. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Arno
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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12
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Glassman PM, Villa CH, Ukidve A, Zhao Z, Smith P, Mitragotri S, Russell AJ, Brenner JS, Muzykantov VR. Vascular Drug Delivery Using Carrier Red Blood Cells: Focus on RBC Surface Loading and Pharmacokinetics. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E440. [PMID: 32397513 PMCID: PMC7284780 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12050440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBC) have great potential as drug delivery systems, capable of producing unprecedented changes in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity. Despite this great potential and nearly 50 years of research, it is only recently that RBC-mediated drug delivery has begun to move out of the academic lab and into industrial drug development. RBC loading with drugs can be performed in several ways-either via encapsulation within the RBC or surface coupling, and either ex vivo or in vivo-depending on the intended application. In this review, we briefly summarize currently used technologies for RBC loading/coupling with an eye on how pharmacokinetics is impacted. Additionally, we provide a detailed description of key ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination) changes that would be expected for RBC-associated drugs and address unique features of RBC pharmacokinetics. As thorough understanding of pharmacokinetics is critical in successful translation to the clinic, we expect that this review will provide a jumping off point for further investigations into this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Glassman
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (C.H.V.); (J.S.B.)
| | - Carlos H. Villa
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (C.H.V.); (J.S.B.)
| | - Anvay Ukidve
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (A.U.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.)
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Zongmin Zhao
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (A.U.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.)
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Paige Smith
- Disruptive Health Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (P.S.); (A.J.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (A.U.); (Z.Z.); (S.M.)
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Alan J. Russell
- Disruptive Health Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (P.S.); (A.J.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jacob S. Brenner
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (C.H.V.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Vladimir R. Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (C.H.V.); (J.S.B.)
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13
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Ji W, Smith PN, Koepsel RR, Andersen JD, Baker SL, Zhang L, Carmali S, Myerson JW, Muzykantov V, Russell AJ. Erythrocytes as carriers of immunoglobulin-based therapeutics. Acta Biomater 2020; 101:422-435. [PMID: 31669698 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The global and economic success of immunoglobulin-based therapeutics in treating a wide range of diseases has heightened the need to further enhance their efficacy and lifetime while diminishing deleterious side effects. The three most ubiquitous challenges of therapeutic immunoglobulin delivery are their relatively short lifetimes in vivo, the immunologic consequences of soluble antibody-antigen complexes, and the emergence of anti-drug antibodies. We describe the rapid, cell-tolerated chemical engineering of the erythrocyte membrane in order to display any antibody, our model system being the display of anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor (anti-TNFα), on the surface of long-lived red blood cells (RBCs) while masking the antibody's Fc region. We developed four synthetic approaches to generate RBC-Staphylococcal protein A (RBC-SpA) complexes: amino group targeting through N-hydrosuccinidyl ester-functionalized homobifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (NHS-PEG-NHS), direct thiol group targeting using heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-maleimide (NHS-PEG-MAL), converted thiol targeting using heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-MAL, and click chemistry using heterobifunctional NHS-PEG-azido (NHS-PEG-N3) and NHS-PEG-alkyne (NHS-PEG-alk). The RBC-PEG-SpA complexes were formed within minutes, followed by the attachment of over 105 antibodies per RBC to the accessible RBC-bound SpA via Fc-Protein A coupling. The RBC-PEG-SpA-antibody arrays were shown to be stable for more than 60 days in PBS and for more than 42 days in serum containing buffer. RBC-PEG-SpA-antibody complexes were shown to remove TNFα from physiological buffer and had similar mechanical properties to unmodified RBCs. Out of the four approaches, the converted thiol method provided the most controlled chemistry and construct stability. We are now ideally positioned to determine the long-term in vivo efficacy of chemically membrane-engineered RBCs to remove antigens, like TNFα, from serum. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The global and economic success of immunoglobulin-based therapeutics in treating a wide range of diseases has heightened the need to further enhance their efficacy and lifetime while diminishing deleterious side effects. The three most ubiquitous challenges of therapeutic immunoglobulin delivery are their relatively short lifetimes in vivo, the immunologic consequences of soluble antibody-antigen complexes, and the emergence of anti-drug antibodies. We describe the rapid, cell-tolerated chemical engineering of the erythrocyte membrane to display any antibody, our model system being the display of anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor (anti-TNFα), on the surface of long-lived red blood cells (RBCs) while masking the antibody's Fc region. Conversion of RBCs into therapeutic delivery vehicles, we argue, would enhance the circulation life of immunoglobulin-based therapeutics while simultaneously evading deleterious immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Ji
- Disruptive Health Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Paige N Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Richard R Koepsel
- Disruptive Health Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jill D Andersen
- Disruptive Health Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Stefanie L Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Libin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sheiliza Carmali
- Disruptive Health Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jacob W Myerson
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Vladimir Muzykantov
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alan J Russell
- Disruptive Health Technology Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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14
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Zhao M, Zhou Q, He C, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Cai R, Ma C, Li Y, Wang X, Zhan L. Stored red blood cells enhance in vivo migration of dendritic cells by promoting reactive oxygen species-induced cytoskeletal rearrangement. Transfusion 2019; 59:1312-1323. [PMID: 30614543 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A complex array of physicochemical changes occurs in red blood cells (RBCs) during storage, leading to enhanced posttransfusion clearance. Dendritic cells (DCs) play crucial roles in the engulfment of aged RBCs; however, it is unclear how stored RBCs (sRBCs) modulate their responses to inflammatory stimuli and DC migration ability. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, we examined whether sRBCs affect the migration ability of DCs and elucidated the detailed mechanisms mediating this process. Murine RBCs were incubated with marrow DCs after removing the storage supernatant. The effects of sRBCs on cytokine secretion from DCs, surface marker expression, and homing ability were examined. RESULTS More sRBCs were internalized by DCs than fresh RBCs (fRBCs), and RBC accumulation significantly promoted the expression of allostimulatory molecules and the secretion of Th1-type cytokines in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In particular, the lymphoid-tissue homing ability of transfused DCs treated with sRBCs (sRBC-DCs) was also significantly greater than that of fRBCs. Up regulation of CCR7 and improved organization of the cytoskeleton were observed in sRBC-DCs, and blocking Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways greatly hindered cytoskeletal rearrangement. Moreover, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected in sRBC-DCs, and treatment with N-acetylcysteine simultaneously decreased the lymph node-homing ability of DCs and phosphorylation of RhoA, ROCK1, and cortactin. CONCLUSIONS sRBCs initiated differential immune responses compared to fRBCs, and the presence of LPS augmented this phenomenon. Up regulation of CCR7 and ROS production promotes cytoskeletal reorganization and contributes to the increased homing of sRBCs-DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chulin He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhengjun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ruiying Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Cong Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Linsheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Blood Safety and Security, Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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15
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Liu T, Wang Y, Zhong W, Li B, Mequanint K, Luo G, Xing M. Biomedical Applications of Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly for Cell Encapsulation: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800939. [PMID: 30511822 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulating living cells within multilayer functional shells is a crucial extension of cellular functions and a further development of cell surface engineering. In the last decade, cell encapsulation has been widely utilized in many cutting-edge biomedical fields. Compared with other techniques for cell encapsulation, layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technology, due to the versatility and tunability to fabricate diverse multilayer shells with controllable compositions and structures, is considered as a promising approach for cell encapsulation. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art and potential future biomedical applications of LbL cell encapsulation. First of all, a brief introduction to the LbL self-assembly technique, including assembly mechanisms and technologies, is made. Next, different cell encapsulation strategies by LbL self-assembly techniques are explained. Then, the biomedical applications of LbL cell encapsulation in cell-based biosensors, cell transplantation, cell/molecule delivery, and tissue engineering, are highlighted. Finally, discussions on the current limitations and future perspectives of LbL cell encapsulation are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Biosystem Engineering; Faculty of Agriculture; University of Manitoba; Winnpeg MB Canada
| | - Bingyun Li
- School of Medicine; West Virginia University; Morgantown WV 26506-9196 USA
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering; University of Western; Ontario London N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- Institute of Burn Research; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burn and Combined Injury; Southwest Hospital; Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University); Gaotanyan Street Chongqing 400038 China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Canada
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16
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Oncotically Driven Control over Glycocalyx Dimension for Cell Surface Engineering and Protein Binding in the Longitudinal Direction. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7581. [PMID: 29765073 PMCID: PMC5954099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we present a simple technique for re-directing reactions on the cell surface to the outermost region of the glycocalyx. Macromolecular crowding with inert polymers was utilized to reversibly alter the accessibility of glycocalyx proteoglycans toward cell-surface reactive probes allowing for reactivity control in the longitudinal direction (‘z’-direction) on the glycocalyx. Studies in HUVECs demonstrated an oncotically driven collapse of the glycocalyx brush structure in the presence of crowders as the mechanism responsible for re-directing reactivity. This phenomenon is consistent across a variety of macromolecular agents including polymers, protein markers and antibodies which all displayed enhanced binding to the outermost surface of multiple cell types. We then demonstrated the biological significance of the technique by increasing the camouflage of red blood cell surface antigens via a crowding-enhanced attachment of voluminous polymers to the exterior of the glycocalyx. The accessibility to Rhesus D (RhD) and CD47 proteins on the cell surface was significantly decreased in crowding-assisted polymer grafting in comparison to non-crowded conditions. This strategy is expected to generate new tools for controlled glycocalyx engineering, probing the glycocalyx structure and function, and improving the development of cell based therapies.
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17
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Immunoglobulin G Fc glycans are not essential for antibody-mediated immune suppression to murine erythrocytes. Blood 2017; 130:2902-2905. [PMID: 29109102 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-06-793729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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18
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Abbina S, Siren EMJ, Moon H, Kizhakkedathu JN. Surface Engineering for Cell-Based Therapies: Techniques for Manipulating Mammalian Cell Surfaces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:3658-3677. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Abbina S, Vappala S, Kumar P, Siren EMJ, La CC, Abbasi U, Brooks DE, Kizhakkedathu JN. Hyperbranched polyglycerols: recent advances in synthesis, biocompatibility and biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9249-9277. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02515g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hyperbranched polyglycerol is one of the most widely studied biocompatible dendritic polymer and showed promising applications. Here, we summarized the recent advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Abbina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Center for Blood Research
| | - Sreeparna Vappala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Center for Blood Research
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Center for Blood Research
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Erika M. J. Siren
- Center for Blood Research
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Chanel C. La
- Center for Blood Research
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Usama Abbasi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Center for Blood Research
| | - Donald E. Brooks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Center for Blood Research
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
- Center for Blood Research
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20
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Le Y, Toyofuku WM, Scott MD. Immunogenicity of murine mPEG-red blood cells and the risk of anti-PEG antibodies in human blood donors. Exp Hematol 2016; 47:36-47.e2. [PMID: 27864153 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The immunocamouflage of non-ABO blood group antigens by membrane-grafted methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) may attenuate the risk of red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization. However, concerns have been raised over the immunogenic risk of PEG and PEG-RBCs. To assess this risk, murine and human studies were performed. Mice were exposed to soluble PEG prior to, or between, multiple transfusions (∼60-day intervals) of control or mPEG-RBCs, and cell survival was determined by flow cytometry. In some studies, the control and mPEG-RBC groups were reversed after one or more transfusions. Furthermore, human blood donors and commercial intravenous immunoglobulin products were examined to detect anti-PEG antibodies and to assess the risk for false positives. Naïve mice receiving chronic mPEG-RBC transfusions had normal RBC survival curves with no evidence of anti-PEG antibodies. Similarly, challenge with soluble PEG did not elicit anti-PEG antibodies in mice. Studies in humans revealed no evidence of a high prevalence of anti-PEG antibodies in either blood donors or commercial intravenous immunoglobulin. However, by use of the methods employed by studies identifying high levels of anti-PEG antibodies, a significant level (∼15%) of "false positives" were detected in commercial antibodies of known (non-PEG) specificities. These findings suggest that methodologic problems yielded a high rate of false positives in these earlier studies. These data continue to support the clinical utility of cellular PEGylation and the low immunogenic risk of grafted mPEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgeniya Le
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy M Toyofuku
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark D Scott
- Canadian Blood Services, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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21
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Clafshenkel WP, Murata H, Andersen J, Creeger Y, Koepsel RR, Russell AJ. The Effect of Covalently-Attached ATRP-Synthesized Polymers on Membrane Stability and Cytoprotection in Human Erythrocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157641. [PMID: 27331401 PMCID: PMC4917246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes have been described as advantageous drug delivery vehicles. In order to ensure an adequate circulation half-life, erythrocytes may benefit from protective enhancements that maintain membrane integrity and neutralize oxidative damage of membrane proteins that otherwise facilitate their premature clearance from circulation. Surface modification of erythrocytes using rationally designed polymers, synthesized via atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), may further expand the field of membrane-engineered red blood cells. This study describes the fate of ATRP-synthesized polymers that were covalently attached to human erythrocytes as well as the effect of membrane engineering on cell stability under physiological and oxidative conditions in vitro. The biocompatible, membrane-reactive polymers were homogenously retained on the periphery of modified erythrocytes for at least 24 hours. Membrane engineering stabilized the erythrocyte membrane and effectively neutralized oxidative species, even in the absence of free-radical scavenger-containing polymers. The targeted functionalization of Band 3 protein by NHS-pDMAA-Cy3 polymers stabilized its monomeric form preventing aggregation in the presence of the crosslinking reagent, bis(sulfosuccinimidyl)suberate (BS3). A free radical scavenging polymer, NHS-pDMAA-TEMPO˙, provided additional protection of surface modified erythrocytes in an in vitro model of oxidative stress. Preserving or augmenting cytoprotective mechanisms that extend circulation half-life is an important consideration for the use of red blood cells for drug delivery in various pathologies, as they are likely to encounter areas of imbalanced oxidative stress as they circuit the vascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P. Clafshenkel
- The Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hironobu Murata
- The Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jill Andersen
- The Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yehuda Creeger
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard R. Koepsel
- The Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alan J. Russell
- The Institute for Complex Engineered Systems, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Wen J, Weinhart M, Lai B, Kizhakkedathu J, Brooks DE. Reversible hemostatic properties of sulfabetaine/quaternary ammonium modified hyperbranched polyglycerol. Biomaterials 2016; 86:42-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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23
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The mechanism and modulation of complement activation on polymer grafted cells. Acta Biomater 2016; 31:252-263. [PMID: 26593783 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface engineering using polymers is a promising approach to address unmet needs and adverse immune reactions in the fields of transfusion, transplantation, and cell-based therapies. Furthermore, cell surface modification may minimize or prevent adverse immune reactions to homologous incompatible cells as the interface between the host immune system and the cell surface is modified. In this report, we investigate the immune system reaction, precisely the complement binding and activation on cell surfaces modified with a functional polymer, hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG). We used red blood cells (RBCs) as a model system to investigate the mechanism of complement activation on cell surfaces modified with various forms of HPG. Using a battery of in vitro assays including: traditional diagnostic hemolytic assays involving sheep and rabbit erythrocytes, ELISAs and flow cytometry, we show that HPG modified RBCs at certain concentrations and molecular weights activate complement via the alternative pathway. We show that by varying the grafting concentration, molecular weight and the number of cell surface reactive groups of HPG, the complement activity on the cell surface can be modulated. HPGs with molecular weights greater than 28kDa and grafting concentrations greater than 1.0mM, as well as a high degree of HPG functionalization with cell surface reactive groups result in the activation of the complement system via the alternative pathway. No complement activation observed when these threshold levels are not exceeded. These insights may have an impact on devising key strategies in developing novel next generation cell-surface engineered therapeutic products for applications in the fields of cell therapy, transfusion and drug delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cell-surface engineering using functional polymers is a fast emerging area of research. Importantly modified cells are used in many experimental therapeutics, transplantation and in transfusion. The success of such therapies depend on the ability of modified products to avoid immune detection and subsequent rejection or removal. Polymer grafting has been shown to modulate immune response, however, there is limited knowledge available. Thus in this manuscript, we investigated the interaction of human complement, part of our innate immune system, by polymer modified cells. Our results provide important evidences on the mechanism of complement activation by the modified cells and also found ways to modulate the innate immune response. These results will have implications in development of next generation cell-based therapies.
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24
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Shegokar R, Sawant S, Al Shaal L. Applications of Cell-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Use of Single Cell Assay. SERIES IN BIOENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-49118-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Pant K, Gröger D, Bergmann R, Pietzsch J, Steinbach J, Graham B, Spiccia L, Berthon F, Czarny B, Devel L, Dive V, Stephan H, Haag R. Synthesis and Biodistribution Studies of 3H- and 64Cu-Labeled Dendritic Polyglycerol and Dendritic Polyglycerol Sulfate. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:906-18. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kritee Pant
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominic Gröger
- Organische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Department of
Chemistry and Food Chemistry, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Steinbach
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Department of
Chemistry and Food Chemistry, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bim Graham
- Monash
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Leone Spiccia
- School
of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Fannely Berthon
- CEA-Saclay, Service d’Ingénierie Moléculaire de Protéines (SIMOPRO), Labex LERMIT,
CEA-DSV-iBiTecS, 91191 Gif/Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Bertrand Czarny
- CEA-Saclay, Service d’Ingénierie Moléculaire de Protéines (SIMOPRO), Labex LERMIT,
CEA-DSV-iBiTecS, 91191 Gif/Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Devel
- CEA-Saclay, Service d’Ingénierie Moléculaire de Protéines (SIMOPRO), Labex LERMIT,
CEA-DSV-iBiTecS, 91191 Gif/Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Vincent Dive
- CEA-Saclay, Service d’Ingénierie Moléculaire de Protéines (SIMOPRO), Labex LERMIT,
CEA-DSV-iBiTecS, 91191 Gif/Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Holger Stephan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner
Landstrasse 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Organische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Hamilton JL, Kizhakkedathu JN. Polymeric nanocarriers for the treatment of systemic iron overload. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR THERAPIES 2015; 3:3. [PMID: 26056604 PMCID: PMC4451967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Desferrioxamine (DFO), deferiprone (L1) and desferasirox (ICL-670) are clinically approved iron chelators used to treat secondary iron overload. Although iron chelators have been utilized since the 1960s and there has been much improvement in available therapy, there is still the need for new drug candidates due to limited long-term efficacy and drug toxicity. Moreover, all currently approved iron chelators are of low molecular weight (MW) (<600 Da) and the objectives reported for the "ideal" chelator of low MW, including possessing the ability to promote iron excretion without causing toxic side effects, has proven difficult to realize in practice. With prolonged iron chelator use, patients may develop toxicities or become insensitive. In contrast, the limited research that has been geared towards developing higher MW, polymeric, long circulating iron chelators has shown promise. The inherent potential of polymeric iron chelators toward longer plasma half-lives and reduction in toxicity provides optimism and may be a significant addition to the currently available low MW iron chelators. This article reviews knowledge pertaining to this theme, highlights some unique advantages that these nanomedicines have in treating systemic iron overload as well as their potential utility in the treatment of other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine L Hamilton
- />The Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- />The Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
- />Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
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27
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Hamilton JL, Kizhakkedathu JN. Polymeric nanocarriers for the treatment of systemic iron overload. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR THERAPIES 2015; 3:3. [PMID: 26056604 PMCID: PMC4451967 DOI: 10.1186/s40591-015-0039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Desferrioxamine (DFO), deferiprone (L1) and desferasirox (ICL-670) are clinically approved iron chelators used to treat secondary iron overload. Although iron chelators have been utilized since the 1960s and there has been much improvement in available therapy, there is still the need for new drug candidates due to limited long-term efficacy and drug toxicity. Moreover, all currently approved iron chelators are of low molecular weight (MW) (<600 Da) and the objectives reported for the “ideal” chelator of low MW, including possessing the ability to promote iron excretion without causing toxic side effects, has proven difficult to realize in practice. With prolonged iron chelator use, patients may develop toxicities or become insensitive. In contrast, the limited research that has been geared towards developing higher MW, polymeric, long circulating iron chelators has shown promise. The inherent potential of polymeric iron chelators toward longer plasma half-lives and reduction in toxicity provides optimism and may be a significant addition to the currently available low MW iron chelators. This article reviews knowledge pertaining to this theme, highlights some unique advantages that these nanomedicines have in treating systemic iron overload as well as their potential utility in the treatment of other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine L Hamilton
- The Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- The Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada ; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
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28
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Hu R, Liu Z, Xue W. Polyethylenimine-Induced Alterations of Red Blood Cells and Their Recognition by the Complement System and Macrophages. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:139-147. [DOI: 10.1021/ab500128q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials
of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Changyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials
of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rushan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials
of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials
of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials
of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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29
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Feng R, Yu Y, Shen C, Jiao Y, Zhou C. Impact of graphene oxide on the structure and function of important multiple blood components by a dose-dependent pattern. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 103:2006-14. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Yueping Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Chaoxuan Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Yanpeng Jiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Changren Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Jinan University; Guangzhou 510632 China
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30
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Chapanian R, Kwan DH, Constantinescu I, Shaikh FA, Rossi NAA, Withers SG, Kizhakkedathu JN. Enhancement of biological reactions on cell surfaces via macromolecular crowding. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4683. [PMID: 25140641 PMCID: PMC4978540 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of macromolecules such as enzymes and antibodies with cell surfaces is often an inefficient process, requiring large amounts of expensive reagent. Here we report a general method based on macromolecular crowding with a range of neutral polymers to enhance such reactions, using red blood cells (RBCs) as a model system. Rates of conversion of type A and B red blood cells to universal O type by removal of antigenic carbohydrates with selective glycosidases are increased up to 400-fold in the presence of crowders. Similar enhancements are seen for antibody binding. We further explore the factors underlying these enhancements using confocal microscopy and fluorescent recovery after bleaching (FRAP) techniques with various fluorescent protein fusion partners. Increased cell-surface concentration due to volume exclusion, along with two-dimensionally confined diffusion of enzymes close to the cell surface, appear to be the major contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafi Chapanian
- 1] Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - David H Kwan
- 1] Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1 [2] Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Iren Constantinescu
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Fathima A Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Nicholas A A Rossi
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Stephen G Withers
- 1] Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1 [2] Centre for High-Throughput Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [3] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- 1] Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [2] Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3 [3] Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
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31
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Imran ul-haq M, Lai BFL, Kizhakkedathu JN. Hybrid Polyglycerols with Long Blood Circulation: Synthesis, Biocompatibility, and Biodistribution. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1469-82. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran ul-haq
- Centre for Blood Research; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Department of Chemistry; The University of British Columbia; Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Benjamin F. L. Lai
- Centre for Blood Research; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Department of Chemistry; The University of British Columbia; Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
- Department of Chemistry; The University of British Columbia; Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 Canada
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Thomas A, Müller SS, Frey H. Beyond Poly(ethylene glycol): Linear Polyglycerol as a Multifunctional Polyether for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:1935-54. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5002608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Thomas
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sophie S. Müller
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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33
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Schüll C, Frey H. Grafting of hyperbranched polymers: From unusual complex polymer topologies to multivalent surface functionalization. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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34
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Kyluik-Price DL, Li L, Scott MD. Comparative efficacy of blood cell immunocamouflage by membrane grafting of methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) and polyethyloxazoline. Biomaterials 2013; 35:412-22. [PMID: 24074839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The grafting of low-immunogenic polymers to cells dramatically reduces antigenic recognition and immunogenicity of allogeneic donor cells consequent to steric and charge camouflage (i.e., immunocamouflage). While methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) [mPEG] has historically been utilized for the immunocamouflage of cells, other low-immunogenic polymers such as polyethyloxazoline propionic acid (PEOZ) may also be capable of conferring immunoprotection. Moreover, PEOZ may have attributes that could have enhanced pharmacological and biological utility relative to mPEG. To evaluate the immunocamouflage efficacy of PEOZ relative to mPEG, human red blood cells (RBC) and leukocytes were modified with mPEG or PEOZ. The differential effects of mPEG and PEOZ was assessed via grafting efficacy, cell morphology and viability, immunocamouflage of surface antigens, and the prevention of in vitro immune recognition (RhD and HLA). Although membrane grafting of mPEG and PEOZ were similar, mPEG demonstrated superior immunocamouflage efficacy as measured by antibody binding and phagocytosis of opsonized RBC while PEOZ showed improved RBC morphology. While mPEG appears to be superior to PEOZ in the immunocamouflage of cells, PEOZ may still be a valuable addition to our repertoire of immunomodulatory polymers. Moreover, our results demonstrate the importance of indirect immunocamouflage of antigens found in membrane protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana L Kyluik-Price
- Canadian Blood Services, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; The Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Life Sciences Centre, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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35
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Mendelson AA, Guan Q, Chafeeva I, da Roza GA, Kizhakkedathu JN, Du C. Hyperbranched polyglycerol is an efficacious and biocompatible novel osmotic agent in a rodent model of peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int 2013; 33:15-27. [PMID: 23349194 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2012.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To enhance the effectiveness of peritoneal dialysis (PD), new biocompatible PD solutions may be needed. The present study was designed to test the efficacy and biocompatibility of hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG)-a nontoxic, nonimmunogenic water-soluble polyether polymer-in PD. METHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were instilled with 30 mL HPG solution (molecular weight 3 kDa; 2.5% - 15%) or control glucose PD solution (2.5% Dianeal: Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL, USA), and intraperitoneal fluid was recovered after 4 hours. Peritoneal injury and cellular infiltration were determined by histologic and flow cytometric analysis. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells were assessed for viability in vitro after 3 hours of PD fluid exposure. RESULTS The 15% HPG solution achieved a 4-hour dose-related ultrafiltration up to 43.33 ± 5.24 mL and a dose-related urea clearance up to 39.17 ± 5.21 mL, results that were superior to those with control PD solution (p < 0.05). The dialysate-to-plasma (D/P) ratios of urea with 7.5% and 15% HPG solution were not statistically different from those with control PD solution. Compared with fluid recovered from the control group, fluid recovered from the HPG group contained proportionally fewer neutrophils (3.63% ± 0.87% vs 9.31% ± 2.89%, p < 0.0001). Detachment of mesothelial cells positive for human bone marrow endothelial protein 1 did not increase in the HPG group compared with the stain control (p = 0.1832), but it was elevated in the control PD solution group (1.62% ± 0.68% vs 0.41% ± 0.31%, p = 0.0031). Peritoneal biopsies from animals in the HPG PD group, compared with those from control PD animals, demonstrated less neutrophilic infiltration and reduced thickness. Human peritoneal mesothelial cell survival after HPG exposure was superior in vitro (p < 0.0001, 7.5% HPG vs control; p < 0.01, 15% HPG vs control). Exposure to glucose PD solution induced cytoplasmic vacuolation and caspase 3-independent necrotic cell death that was not seen with HPG solution. CONCLUSIONS Our novel HPG PD solution demonstrated effective ultrafiltration and waste removal with reduced peritoneal injury in a rodent model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher A Mendelson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada
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Chapanian R, Constantinescu I, Medvedev N, Scott MD, Brooks DE, Kizhakkedathu JN. Therapeutic Cells via Functional Modification: Influence of Molecular Properties of Polymer Grafts on In Vivo Circulation, Clearance, Immunogenicity, and Antigen Protection. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:2052-62. [DOI: 10.1021/bm4003943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Chapanian R, Constantinescu I, Brooks DE, Scott MD, Kizhakkedathu J. Antigens protected functional red blood cells by the membrane grafting of compact hyperbranched polyglycerols. J Vis Exp 2013:50075. [PMID: 23328980 DOI: 10.3791/50075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is vital for the treatment of a number of acute and chronic medical problems such as thalassemia major and sickle cell anemia. Due to the presence of multitude of antigens on the RBC surface (~308 known antigens), patients in the chronic blood transfusion therapy develop alloantibodies due to the miss match of minor antigens on transfused RBCs. Grafting of hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) forms an exclusion layer on RBC membrane that prevents the interaction of antibodies with surface antigens without affecting the passage of small molecules such as oxygen, glucose, and ions. At present no method is available for the generation of universal red blood donor cells in part because of the daunting challenge presented by the presence of large number of antigens (protein and carbohydrate based) on the RBC surface and the development of such methods will significantly improve transfusion safety, and dramatically improve the availability and use of RBCs. In this report, the experiments that are used to develop antigen protected functional RBCs by the membrane grafting of HPG and their characterization are presented. HPGs are highly biocompatible compact polymers, and are expected to be located within the cell glycocalyx that surrounds the lipid membrane and mask RBC surface antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafi Chapanian
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia
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38
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Imran ul-haq M, Lai BF, Chapanian R, Kizhakkedathu JN. Influence of architecture of high molecular weight linear and branched polyglycerols on their biocompatibility and biodistribution. Biomaterials 2012; 33:9135-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Shenoi RA, Lai BFL, Kizhakkedathu JN. Synthesis, Characterization, and Biocompatibility of Biodegradable Hyperbranched Polyglycerols from Acid-Cleavable Ketal Group Functionalized Initiators. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:3018-30. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300959h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh A. Shenoi
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Benjamin F. L. Lai
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada
V6T 1Z3
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40
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Chapanian R, Constantinescu I, Rossi NAA, Medvedev N, Brooks DE, Scott MD, Kizhakkedathu JN. Influence of polymer architecture on antigens camouflage, CD47 protection and complement mediated lysis of surface grafted red blood cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7871-83. [PMID: 22840223 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers with similar hydrodynamic sizes in solution were grafted to red blood cells (RBCs) to investigate the impact of polymer architecture on the cell structure and function. The hydrodynamic sizes of polymers were calculated from the diffusion coefficients measured by pulsed field gradient NMR. The hydration of the HPG and PEG was determined by differential scanning calorimetry analyses. RBCs grafted with linear PEG had different properties compared to the compact HPG grafted RBCs. HPG grafted RBCs showed much higher electrophoretic mobility values than PEG grafted RBCs at similar grafting concentrations and hydrodynamic sizes indicating differences in the structure of the polymer exclusion layer on the cell surface. PEG grafting impacted the deformation properties of the membrane to a greater degree than HPG. The complement mediated lysis of the grafted RBCs was dependent on the type of polymer, grafting concentration and molecular size of grafted chains. At higher molecular weights and graft concentrations both HPG and PEG triggered complement activation. The magnitude of activation was higher with HPG possibly due to the presence of many hydroxyl groups per molecule. HPG grafted RBCs showed significantly higher levels of CD47 self-protein accessibility than PEG grafted RBCs at all grafting concentrations and molecular sizes. PEG grafted polymers provided, in general, a better shielding and protection to ABO and minor antigens from antibody recognition than HPG polymers, however, the compact HPGs provided greater protection of certain antigens on the RBC surface. Our data showed that HPG 20 kDa and HPG 60 kDa grafted RBCs exhibited properties that are more comparable to the native RBC than PEG 5 kDa and PEG 10 kDa grafted RBCs of comparable hydrodynamic sizes. The study shows that small compact polymers such as HPG 20 kDa have a greater potential in the generation of functional RBC for therapeutic delivery applications. The intermediate sized polymers (PEG or HPG) which showed greater antigen camouflage at lower grafting concentrations have significant potential in transfusion as universal red blood donor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafi Chapanian
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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