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Wang Z, Yang J, Tu M, Zhang R, Ma Y, Jin H, Weng J, Xie M, Wang L, Wang Z, Chen C. Integrin-β 1 aggravates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by activation of FAK/ ERK1/2 pathway depending on fibrotic ECM. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112947. [PMID: 39213871 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irreversible pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat is the most prevalent cause of death in patients with paraquat poisoning. Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Currently, the role of fibrotic ECM microenvironment in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis has not been established. METHODS Rat pulmonary fibrosis model was induced by paraquat, ATN-161 (an integrin-β1 antagonist) was given to investigate their effect on Rat survival and pulmonary fibrosis. Lungs were decellularized to generate normal and fibrotic acellular ECM scaffolds using Triton and SDS. Fibroblasts were cocultured with ECM scaffolds to established 3D culture systems to investigate the relationship between fibrotic ECM and the differentiation of fibroblasts. Then we explored the effect of fibrotic ECM microenvironment systematically promoting on integrin-β1/FAK/ERK1/2 pathway and established 3D culture systems to investigate the relationship between fibrotic ECM and the differentiation of fibroblasts. RESULTS Antagonism of integrin-β1 could alleviate paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis and ameliorate survival status of rats. Compared to normal ECM, fibrotic extracellular microenvironment promoted the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Antagonism of integrin-β1 could also ameliorate the promotion of fibrotic extracellular microenvironment on differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Fibrotic ECM microenvironment promotes fibroblasts transforming into myofibroblasts through integrin-β1/FAK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Moreover, this phenomenon holds independent on exogenous integrin-β1. CONCLUSIONS Activation of integrin-β1/FAK/ERK1/2 pathway aggravates paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis depend on fibrotic ECM and integrin-β1 may be a prospective therapeutic target for paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Precision General Practice and Health Management, Wenzhou 325027, China; Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Precision General Practice and Health Management, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Mengyun Tu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Haijuan Jin
- Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou 325099, China
| | - Jie Weng
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Precision General Practice and Health Management, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Mengying Xie
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Precision General Practice and Health Management, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, US
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Institute of Bioscaffold Transplantation and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Chan Chen
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Precision General Practice and Health Management, Wenzhou 325027, China; Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Institute of Bioscaffold Transplantation and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Antczak LAM, Moore KN, Hendrick TE, Heise RL. Binary Fabrication of Decellularized Lung Extracellular Matrix Hybridgels for in vitro Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Modeling. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00389-1. [PMID: 39059731 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Limited treatments and a lack of appropriate animal models have spurred the study of scaffolds to mimic lung disease in vitro. Decellularized human lung and its application in extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels has advanced the development of these lung ECM models. Controlling the biochemical and mechanical properties of decellularized ECM hydrogels continues to be of interest due to inherent discrepancies of hydrogels when compared to their source tissue. To optimize the physiologic relevance of ECM hydrogel lung models without sacrificing the native composition we engineered a binary fabrication system to produce a Hybridgel composed of an ECM hydrogel reinforced with an ECM cryogel. Further, we compared the effect of ECM-altering disease on the properties of the gels using elastin poor Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) vs non-diseased (ND) human lung source tissue. Nanoindentation confirmed the significant loss of elasticity in hydrogels compared to that of ND human lung and further demonstrated the recovery of elastic moduli in ECM cryogels and Hybridgels. These findings were supported by similar observations in diseased tissue and gels. Successful cell encapsulation, distribution, cytotoxicity, and infiltration were observed and characterized via confocal microscopy. Cells were uniformly distributed throughout the Hybridgel and capable of survival for 7 days. Cell-laden ECM hybridgels were found to have elasticity similar to that of ND human lung. Compositional investigation into diseased and ND gels indicated the conservation of disease-specific elastin to collagen ratios. In brief, we have engineered a composited ECM hybridgel for the 3D study of cell-matrix interactions of varying lung disease states that optimizes the application of decellularized lung ECM materials to more closely mimic the human lung while conserving the compositional bioactivity of the native ECM. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The lack of an appropriate disease model for the study of chronic lung diseases continues to severely inhibit the advancement of treatments and preventions of these otherwise fatal illnesses due to the inability to recapture the biocomplexity of pathologic cell-ECM interactions. Engineering biomaterials that utilize decellularized lungs offers an opportunity to deconstruct, understand, and rebuild models that highlight and investigate how disease specific characteristics of the extracellular environment are involved in driving disease progression. We have advanced this space by designing a binary fabrication system for a ECM Hybridgel that retains properties from its source material required to observe native matrix interactions. This design simulates a 3D lung environment that is both mechanically elastic and compositionally relevant when derived from non-diseased tissue and pathologically diminished both mechanically and compositionally when derived from COPD tissue. Here we describe the ECM hybridgel as a model for the study of cell-ECM interactions involved in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh-Ann M Antczak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Karah N Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Taylor E Hendrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Rebecca L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.
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Sueblinvong V, Fan X, Hart C, Molina S, Koval M, Guidot DM. Ethanol-exposed lung fibroblasts cause airway epithelial barrier dysfunction. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 47:1839-1849. [PMID: 37864530 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic alcohol ingestion predisposes to lung injury and disrepair during sepsis. Our previous studies outlined roles for transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in epithelial barrier homeostasis and how alcohol perturbs their expression and signaling. Here we hypothesize that ethanol-exposed lung fibroblasts (LF) are a source of dysregulated TGFβ1 and GM-CSF and thereby alter airway epithelial barrier function. METHODS Human or rat LF were cultured ± ethanol for 2 weeks and then co-cultured with human or rat airway epithelial cells (AEC) seeded on Transwell permeable supports. In selected groups, a TGFβ1 receptor type 1 (TGFβR1) inhibitor (SB431542) or a TGFβ1 neutralizing antibody was applied. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was measured prior to co-culture and on day 5 of co-culture. AEC were then analyzed for the expression of selected tight junction and mesenchymal proteins, and transwell membranes were analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy for ZO-1 expression and localization. TGFβ1 and GM-CSF levels in conditioned media from the co-cultures were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS AEC co-cultured with ethanol-exposed LF (ELF) showed a significant reduction in TER and corresponding decreases in ZO-1 expression, whereas collagen type 1A1 and α-smooth muscle actin protein expression were increased. In parallel, in conditioned media from the ELF + AEC co-cultures, activated TGFβ1 levels increased and GM-CSF levels decreased. Notably, all the effects of ELF on the AEC were prevented by blocking TGFβ1 activity. CONCLUSIONS Prior ethanol exposure to LF induces barrier dysfunction in naive AEC in a paracrine fashion through activation of TGFβ1 signaling and suppression of GM-CSF. These experimental findings provide a potential mechanism by which chronic alcohol ingestion impairs airway epithelial integrity and renders individuals susceptible to lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viranuj Sueblinvong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xian Fan
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Craishun Hart
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Samuel Molina
- FUJIFILM Irvine Scientific, Warminster, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael Koval
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - David M Guidot
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Tommasini F, Benoist T, Shibuya S, Woodall MNJ, Naldi E, Palor M, Orr JC, Giobbe GG, Maughan EF, Saleh T, Gjinovci A, Hutchinson JC, Arthurs OJ, Janes SM, Elvassore N, Hynds RE, Smith CM, Michielin F, Pellegata AF, De Coppi P. Lung viral infection modelling in a bioengineered whole-organ. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122203. [PMID: 37515903 PMCID: PMC10281738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Lung infections are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and this situation has been exacerbated by the emergence of COVID-19. Pre-clinical modelling of viral infections has relied on cell cultures that lack 3D structure and the context of lung extracellular matrices. Here, we propose a bioreactor-based, whole-organ lung model of viral infection. The bioreactor takes advantage of an automated system to achieve efficient decellularization of a whole rat lung, and recellularization of the scaffold using primary human bronchial cells. Automatization allowed for the dynamic culture of airway epithelial cells in a breathing-mimicking setup that led to an even distribution of lung epithelial cells throughout the distal regions. In the sealed bioreactor system, we demonstrate proof-of-concept for viral infection within the epithelialized lung by infecting primary human airway epithelial cells and subsequently injecting neutrophils. Moreover, to assess the possibility of drug screening in this model, we demonstrate the efficacy of the broad-spectrum antiviral remdesivir. This whole-organ scale lung infection model represents a step towards modelling viral infection of human cells in a 3D context, providing a powerful tool to investigate the mechanisms of the early stages of pathogenic infections and the development of effective treatment strategies for respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Tommasini
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Benoist
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Soichi Shibuya
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maximillian N J Woodall
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Eleonora Naldi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Machaela Palor
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jessica C Orr
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth F Maughan
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tarek Saleh
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Asllan Gjinovci
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - J Ciaran Hutchinson
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Owen J Arthurs
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Epithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Claire M Smith
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Federica Michielin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Alessandro Filippo Pellegata
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK; Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK.
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5
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Li M, Cao S, Wang N, Zhang Y, Wang Y. A PDA-Functionalized 3D Lung Scaffold Bioplatform to Construct Complicated Breast Tumor Microenvironment for Anticancer Drug Screening and Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302855. [PMID: 37424037 PMCID: PMC10502821 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
2D cell culture occupies an important place in cancer progression and drug discovery research. However, it limitedly models the "true biology" of tumors in vivo. 3D tumor culture systems can better mimic tumor characteristics for anticancer drug discovery but still maintain great challenges. Herein, polydopamine (PDA)-modified decellularized lung scaffolds are designed and can serve as a functional biosystem to study tumor progression and anticancer drug screening, as well as mimic the tumor microenvironment. PDA-modified scaffolds with strong hydrophilicity and excellent cell compatibility can promote cell growth and proliferation. After 96 h treatment with 5-FU, cisplatin, and DOX, higher survival rates in PDA-modified scaffolds are observed compared to nonmodified scaffolds and 2D systems. The E-cadhesion formation, HIF-1α-mediated senescence decrease, and tumor stemness enhancement can drive drug resistance and antitumor drug screening of breast cancer cells. Moreover, there is a higher survival rate of CD45+ /CD3+ /CD4+ /CD8+ T cells in PDA-modified scaffolds for potential cancer immunotherapy drug screening. This PDA-modified tumor bioplatform will supply some promising information for studying tumor progression, overcoming tumor resistance, and screening tumor immunotherapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanheng Zhang
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospitaland College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471003China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospitaland College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471003China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- School of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing210023China
| | - Shucheng Cao
- Department of Quantitative Life SciencesMcGill UniversityMontréalQuébecH3A 0G4Canada
| | - Nana Wang
- Department of PediatricsShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200080China
| | - Yingjian Zhang
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospitaland College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang471003China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ RepairSchool of MedicineShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
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Wang L, Feng M, Zhao Y, Chen B, Zhao Y, Dai J. Biomimetic scaffold-based stem cell transplantation promotes lung regeneration. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10535. [PMID: 37476061 PMCID: PMC10354774 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic options are limited for severe lung injury and disease as the spontaneous regeneration of functional alveolar is terminated owing to the weakness of the inherent stem cells and the dyscrasia of the niche. Umbilical cord mesenchymal-derived stem cells (UC-MSCs) have been applied to clinical trials to promote lung repair through stem cell niche restruction. However, the application of UC-MSCs is hampered by the effectiveness of cell transplantation with few cells homing to the injury sites and poor retention, survival, and proliferation in vivo. In this study, we constructed an artificial three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic scaffold-based MSCs implant to establish a beneficial regeneration niche for endogenous stem cells in situ lung regeneration. The therapeutic potential of 3D biomimetic scaffold-based MSCs implants was evaluated by 3D culture in vitro. And RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was mapped to explore the gene expression involved in the niche improvement. Next, a model of partial lung resection was established in rats, and the implants were implanted into the operative region. Effects of the implants on rat resected lung injury repair were detected. The results revealed that UC-MSCs loaded on biomimetic scaffolds exerted strong paracrine effects and some UC-MSCs migrated to the lung from scaffolds and had long-term retention to suppress inflammation and fibrosis in residual lungs and promoted vascular endothelial cells and alveolar type II epithelial cells to enter the scaffolds. Then, under the guidance of the ECM-mimicking structures of scaffolds and the stimulation of the remaining UC-MSCs, vascular and alveolar-like structures were formed in the scaffold region. Moreover, the general morphology of the operative lung was also restored. Taken together, the artificial 3D biomimetic scaffold-based MSCs implants induce in situ lung regeneration and recovery after lung destruction, providing a promising direction for tissue engineering and stem cell strategies in lung regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Wang
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of People's Liberation ArmyBeijingChina
| | - Meng Feng
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Regenerative MedicineArmy Medical University, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yazhen Zhao
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Regenerative MedicineArmy Medical University, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Wang L, Yang J, Hu X, Wang S, Wang Y, Sun T, Wang D, Wang W, Ma H, Wang Y, Song K, Li W. A decellularized lung extracellular matrix/chondroitin sulfate/gelatin/chitosan-based 3D culture system shapes breast cancer lung metastasis. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213500. [PMID: 37336011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Distal metastasis of breast cancer is a primary cause of death, and the lung is a common metastatic target of breast cancer. However, the role of the lung niche in promoting breast cancer progression is not well understood. Engineered three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models capable of bridging this knowledge gap can be specifically designed to mimic crucial characteristics of the lung niche in a more physiologically relevant context than conventional two-dimensional systems. In this study, two 3D culture systems were developed to mimic the late stage of breast cancer progression at a lung metastatic site. These 3D models were created based on a novel decellularized lung extracellular matrix/chondroitin sulfate/gelatin/chitosan composite material and on a porcine decellularized lung matrix (PDLM), with the former tailored with comparable properties (stiffness, pore size, biochemical composition, and microstructure) to that of the in vivo lung matrix. The different microstructure and stiffness of the two types of scaffolds yielded diverse presentations of MCF-7 cells in terms of cell distribution, cell morphology, and migration. Cells showed better extensions with apparent pseudopods and more homogeneous and reduced migration activity on the composite scaffold compared to those on the PDLM scaffold. Furthermore, alveolar-like structures with superior porous connectivity in the composite scaffold remarkably promoted aggressive cell proliferation and viability. In conclusion, a novel lung matrix-mimetic 3D in vitro breast cancer lung metastasis model was developed to clarify the underlying correlativity between lung ECM and breast cancer cells after lung colonization. A better understanding of the effects of biochemical and biophysical environments of the lung matrix on cell behaviors can help elucidate the potential mechanisms of breast cancer progression and further improve target discovery of therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jianye Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xueyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shuping Wang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Tongyi Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Physical Education, School of Foundation Medical, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wenchi Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Kedong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Wenfang Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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8
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Hsiung T, James L, Chang SH, Geraci TC, Angel LF, Chan JCY. Advances in lung bioengineering: Where we are, where we need to go, and how to get there. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 2:1147595. [PMID: 38993882 PMCID: PMC11235378 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1147595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is the only potentially curative treatment for end-stage lung failure and successfully improves both long-term survival and quality of life. However, lung transplantation is limited by the shortage of suitable donor lungs. This discrepancy in organ supply and demand has prompted researchers to seek alternative therapies for end-stage lung failure. Tissue engineering (bioengineering) organs has become an attractive and promising avenue of research, allowing for the customized production of organs on demand, with potentially perfect biocompatibility. While breakthroughs in tissue engineering have shown feasibility in practice, they have also uncovered challenges in solid organ applications due to the need not only for structural support, but also vascular membrane integrity and gas exchange. This requires a complex engineered interaction of multiple cell types in precise anatomical locations. In this article, we discuss the process of creating bioengineered lungs and the challenges inherent therein. We summarize the relevant literature for selecting appropriate lung scaffolds, creating decellularization protocols, and using bioreactors. The development of completely artificial lung substitutes will also be reviewed. Lastly, we describe the state of current research, as well as future studies required for bioengineered lungs to become a realistic therapeutic modality for end-stage lung disease. Applications of bioengineering may allow for earlier intervention in end-stage lung disease and have the potential to not only halt organ failure, but also significantly reverse disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Hsiung
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Les James
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stephanie H Chang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Travis C Geraci
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Luis F Angel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Justin C Y Chan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
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9
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Al-Rekabi Z, Dondi C, Faruqui N, Siddiqui NS, Elowsson L, Rissler J, Kåredal M, Mudway I, Larsson-Callerfelt AK, Shaw M. Uncovering the cytotoxic effects of air pollution with multi-modal imaging of in vitro respiratory models. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:221426. [PMID: 37063998 PMCID: PMC10090883 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.221426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Annually, an estimated seven million deaths are linked to exposure to airborne pollutants. Despite extensive epidemiological evidence supporting clear associations between poor air quality and a range of short- and long-term health effects, there are considerable gaps in our understanding of the specific mechanisms by which pollutant exposure induces adverse biological responses at the cellular and tissue levels. The development of more complex, predictive, in vitro respiratory models, including two- and three-dimensional cell cultures, spheroids, organoids and tissue cultures, along with more realistic aerosol exposure systems, offers new opportunities to investigate the cytotoxic effects of airborne particulates under controlled laboratory conditions. Parallel advances in high-resolution microscopy have resulted in a range of in vitro imaging tools capable of visualizing and analysing biological systems across unprecedented scales of length, time and complexity. This article considers state-of-the-art in vitro respiratory models and aerosol exposure systems and how they can be interrogated using high-resolution microscopy techniques to investigate cell-pollutant interactions, from the uptake and trafficking of particles to structural and functional modification of subcellular organelles and cells. These data can provide a mechanistic basis from which to advance our understanding of the health effects of airborne particulate pollution and develop improved mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Al-Rekabi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Camilla Dondi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Nilofar Faruqui
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
| | - Nazia S. Siddiqui
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kingston upon Thames, UK
| | - Linda Elowsson
- Lung Biology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Rissler
- Bioeconomy and Health, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Lund, Sweden
- Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Monica Kåredal
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ian Mudway
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Institute of Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, London, UK
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, UK
| | | | - Michael Shaw
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
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10
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Keshavan S, Bannuscher A, Drasler B, Barosova H, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B. Comparing species-different responses in pulmonary fibrosis research: Current understanding of in vitro lung cell models and nanomaterials. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 183:106387. [PMID: 36652970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, irreversible lung disease that is typically fatal and characterized by an abnormal fibrotic response. As a result, vast areas of the lungs are gradually affected, and gas exchange is impaired, making it one of the world's leading causes of death. This can be attributed to a lack of understanding of the onset and progression of the disease, as well as a poor understanding of the mechanism of adverse responses to various factors, such as exposure to allergens, nanomaterials, environmental pollutants, etc. So far, the most frequently used preclinical evaluation paradigm for PF is still animal testing. Nonetheless, there is an urgent need to understand the factors that induce PF and find novel therapeutic targets for PF in humans. In this regard, robust and realistic in vitro fibrosis models are required to understand the mechanism of adverse responses. Over the years, several in vitro and ex vivo models have been developed with the goal of mimicking the biological barriers of the lung as closely as possible. This review summarizes recent progress towards the development of experimental models suitable for predicting fibrotic responses, with an emphasis on cell culture methods, nanomaterials, and a comparison of results from studies using cells from various species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Keshavan
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Anne Bannuscher
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Hana Barosova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland; Chemistry Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
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11
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Kuşoğlu A, Yangın K, Özkan SN, Sarıca S, Örnek D, Solcan N, Karaoğlu İC, Kızılel S, Bulutay P, Fırat P, Erus S, Tanju S, Dilege Ş, Öztürk E. Different Decellularization Methods in Bovine Lung Tissue Reveals Distinct Biochemical Composition, Stiffness, and Viscoelasticity in Reconstituted Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:793-805. [PMID: 36728815 PMCID: PMC9945306 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM)-derived hydrogels are in demand for use in lung tissue engineering to mimic the native microenvironment of cells in vitro. Decellularization of native tissues has been pursued for preserving organotypic ECM while eliminating cellular content and reconstitution into scaffolds which allows re-cellularization for modeling homeostasis, regeneration, or diseases. Achieving mechanical stability and understanding the effects of the decellularization process on mechanical parameters of the reconstituted ECM hydrogels present a challenge in the field. Stiffness and viscoelasticity are important characteristics of tissue mechanics that regulate crucial cellular processes and their in vitro representation in engineered models is a current aspiration. The effect of decellularization on viscoelastic properties of resulting ECM hydrogels has not yet been addressed. The aim of this study was to establish bovine lung tissue decellularization for the first time via pursuing four different protocols and characterization of reconstituted decellularized lung ECM hydrogels for biochemical and mechanical properties. Our data reveal that bovine lungs provide a reproducible alternative to human lungs for disease modeling with optimal retention of ECM components upon decellularization. We demonstrate that the decellularization method significantly affects ECM content, stiffness, and viscoelastic properties of resulting hydrogels. Lastly, we examined the impact of these aspects on viability, morphology, and growth of lung cancer cells, healthy bronchial epithelial cells, and patient-derived lung organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alican Kuşoğlu
- Engineered Cancer and Organ Models Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Kardelen Yangın
- Engineered Cancer and Organ Models Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Sena N Özkan
- Engineered Cancer and Organ Models Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Sarıca
- Engineered Cancer and Organ Models Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Deniz Örnek
- Engineered Cancer and Organ Models Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Solcan
- Engineered Cancer and Organ Models Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - İsmail C Karaoğlu
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Seda Kızılel
- Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Chemical and Biological Engineering, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Pınar Bulutay
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Pınar Fırat
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Suat Erus
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Serhan Tanju
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Dilege
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ece Öztürk
- Engineered Cancer and Organ Models Laboratory, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
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12
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Weiss DJ. What is the need and why is it time for innovative models for understanding lung repair and regeneration? Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1130074. [PMID: 36860303 PMCID: PMC9968746 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1130074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in tissue engineering continue at a rapid pace and have provided novel methodologies and insights into normal cell and tissue homeostasis, disease pathogenesis, and new potential therapeutic strategies. The evolution of new techniques has particularly invigorated the field and span a range from novel organ and organoid technologies to increasingly sophisticated imaging modalities. This is particularly relevant for the field of lung biology and diseases as many lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic fibrosis (IPF), among others, remain incurable with significant morbidity and mortality. Advances in lung regenerative medicine and engineering also offer new potential avenues for critical illnesses such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which also continue to have significant morbidity and mortality. In this review, an overview of lung regenerative medicine with focus on current status of both structural and functional repair will be presented. This will serve as a platform for surveying innovative models and techniques for study, highlighting the need and timeliness for these approaches.
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13
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Hoffman ET, Uhl FE, Asarian L, Deng B, Becker C, Uriarte JJ, Downs I, Young B, Weiss DJ. Regional and disease specific human lung extracellular matrix composition. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121960. [PMID: 36580718 PMCID: PMC9868084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), are characterized by regional extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling which contributes to disease progression. Previous proteomic studies on whole decellularized lungs have provided detailed characterization on the impact of COPD and IPF on total lung ECM composition. However, such studies are unable to determine the differences in ECM composition between individual anatomical regions of the lung. Here, we employ a post-decellularization dissection method to compare the ECM composition of whole decellularized lungs (wECM) and specific anatomical lung regions, including alveolar-enriched ECM (aECM), airway ECM (airECM), and vasculature ECM (vECM), between non-diseased (ND), COPD, and IPF human lungs. We demonstrate, using mass spectrometry, that individual regions possess a unique ECM signature characterized primarily by differences in collagen composition and basement-membrane associated proteins, including ECM glycoproteins. We further demonstrate that both COPD and IPF lead to alterations in lung ECM composition in a region-specific manner, including enrichment of type-III collagen and fibulin in IPF aECM. Taken together, this study provides methodology for future studies, including isolation of region-specific lung biomaterials, as well as a dataset that may be applied for the identification of novel ECM targets for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan T. Hoffman
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Franziska E. Uhl
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Loredana Asarian
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Chloe Becker
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Juan J. Uriarte
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Isaac Downs
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Brad Young
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Daniel J. Weiss
- Department of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
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14
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Gao M, Zhu X, Peng W, He Y, Li Y, Wu Q, Zhou Y, Liao G, Yang G, Bao J, Bu H. Kidney ECM Pregel Nanoarchitectonics for Microarrays to Accelerate Harvesting Gene-Edited Porcine Primary Monoclonal Spheres. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23156-23169. [PMID: 35847249 PMCID: PMC9280780 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
One of the key steps
of using CRISPR/Cas9 to obtain gene-edited
cells used in generating gene-edited animals combined with somatic
cell nuclear transplantation (SCNT) is to harvest monoclonal cells
with genetic modifications. However, primary cells used as nuclear
donors always grow slowly and fragile after a series of gene-editing
operations. The extracellular matrix (ECM) formulated directly from
different organs comprises complex proteins and growth factors that
can improve and regulate the cellular functions of primary cells.
Herein, sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) detergent was first used
to perfuse porcine kidney ECM, and the biological properties of the
kidney ECM were optimized. Then, we used a porcine kidney ECM pregel
to pattern the microarray and developed a novel strategy to shorten
the time of obtaining gene-edited monoclonal cell spheroids with low
damage in batches. Our results showed that the SLES-perfused porcine
kidney ECM pregel displayed superior biological activities in releasing
growth factors and promoting cell proliferation. Finally, combined
with microarray technology, we quickly obtained monoclonal cells in
good condition, and the cells used as nuclear donors to construct
recombinant embryos showed a significantly higher success rate than
those of the traditional method. We further successfully produced
genetically edited pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Gao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinglong Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wanliu Peng
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuting He
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Li
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangneng Liao
- Experimental Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Experimental Animal Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ji Bao
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
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15
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Saleh KS, Hewawasam R, Šerbedžija P, Blomberg R, Noreldeen SE, Edelman B, Smith BJ, Riches DWH, Magin CM. Engineering Hybrid-Hydrogels Comprised of Healthy or Diseased Decellularized Extracellular Matrix to Study Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cell Mol Bioeng 2022; 15:505-519. [PMID: 36444345 PMCID: PMC9700547 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-022-00726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic disease characterized by progressive lung scarring that inhibits gas exchange. Evidence suggests fibroblast-matrix interactions are a prominent driver of disease. However, available preclinical models limit our ability to study these interactions. We present a technique for synthesizing phototunable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hybrid-hydrogels comprising healthy or fibrotic decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) to decouple mechanical properties from composition and elucidate their roles in fibroblast activation. Here, we engineered and characterized phototunable hybrid-hydrogels using molecular techniques such as ninhydrin and Ellman's assays to assess dECM functionalization, and parallel-plate rheology to measure hydrogel mechanical properties. These biomaterials were employed to investigate the activation of fibroblasts from dual-transgenic Col1a1-GFP and αSMA-RFP reporter mice in response to changes in composition and mechanical properties. We show that reacting functionalized dECM from healthy or bleomycin-injured mouse lungs with PEG alpha-methacrylate (αMA) in an off-stoichiometry Michael-addition reaction created soft hydrogels mimicking a healthy lung elastic modulus (4.99 ± 0.98 kPa). Photoinitiated stiffening increased the material modulus to fibrotic values (11.48 ± 1.80 kPa). Percent activation of primary murine fibroblasts expressing Col1a1 and αSMA increased by approximately 40% following dynamic stiffening of both healthy and bleomycin hybrid-hydrogels. There were no significant differences between fibroblast activation on stiffened healthy versus stiffened bleomycin-injured hybrid-hydrogels. Phototunable hybrid-hydrogels provide an important platform for probing cell-matrix interactions and developing a deeper understanding of fibrotic activation in pulmonary fibrosis. Our results suggest that mechanical properties are a more significant contributor to fibroblast activation than biochemical composition within the scope of the hybrid-hydrogel platform evaluated in this study. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-022-00726-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamiel S. Saleh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, 2115 N Scranton Street, Suite 3010, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Rukshika Hewawasam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, 2115 N Scranton Street, Suite 3010, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Predrag Šerbedžija
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, 2115 N Scranton Street, Suite 3010, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Rachel Blomberg
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, 2115 N Scranton Street, Suite 3010, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Saif E. Noreldeen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, 2115 N Scranton Street, Suite 3010, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - Benjamin Edelman
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO USA
| | - Bradford J. Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, 2115 N Scranton Street, Suite 3010, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - David W. H. Riches
- Program in Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Research, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
| | - Chelsea M. Magin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, 2115 N Scranton Street, Suite 3010, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
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16
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Decellularization and Recellularization Methods for Avian Lungs: An Alternative Approach for Use in Pulmonary Therapeutics. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2394:617-649. [PMID: 35094350 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1811-0_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The shortage of compatible allogeneic organs and an increase in the number of patients requiring long-term lung assist devices while waiting for lung transplantation have motivated scientists to explore alternatives to bioengineer new lungs, including through decellularization and recellularization processes. A novel approach for bioengineering an extracorporeal membrane oxygenator is based on the parenchymal structure of avian lungs which utilizes a cross-current unidirectional flow of air and blood rather than bidirectional airflow, and thus eliminates dead-space ventilation. This provides more efficient gas exchange than mammalian lungs. The novel approach utilized is to decellularize avian lungs and then to recellularize with patient-derived human lung epithelial and vascular endothelial cells with the goal of creating a fully functional structure that can be used as a gas-exchange device. Here, we present avian lung decellularization and recellularization methods for chicken and emu lungs, in order to study both small- and large-scale avian lung models. For decellularization, a detergent-based protocol is utilized, and different techniques are used to validate the de- and recellularization of those lungs, including microscopy, mass spectrometry, and immunohistochemical analyses. For recellularization, techniques for seeding different human lung cell types into the decellularized scaffolds are presented.
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17
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Charron PN, Garcia LM, Tahir I, Floreani RA. Bio-inspired green light crosslinked alginate-heparin hydrogels support HUVEC tube formation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 125:104932. [PMID: 34736027 PMCID: PMC8665038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is a polysaccharide which forms hydrogels via ionic and/or covalent crosslinking. The goal was to develop a material with suitable, physiologically relevant mechanical properties and biological impact for use in wound treatment. To determine if the novel material can initiate tube formation on its own, without the dependance on the addition of growth factors, heparin and/or arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) was covalently conjugated onto the alginate backbone. Herein, cell adhesion motifs and bioactive functional groups were incorporated covalently within alginate hydrogels to study the: 1) impact of crosslinked heparin on tubular network formation, 2) impact of RGD conjugation, and the 3) biological effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) loading on cellular response. We investigated the structure-properties-function relationship and determined the viscoelastic and burst properties of the hydrogels most applicable for use as a healing cell and tissue adhesive material. Methacrylation of alginate and heparin hydroxyl groups respectively enabled free-radical covalent inter- and intra-molecular photo-crosslinking when exposed to visible green light in the presence of photo-initiators; the shear moduli indicate mechanical properties comparable to clinical standards. RGD was conjugated via carbodiimide chemistry at the alginate carboxyl groups. The adhesive and mechanical properties of alginate and alginate-heparin hydrogels were determined via burst pressure testing and rheology. Higher burst pressure and material failure at rupture imply physical tissue adhesion, advantageous for a tissue sealant healing material. After hydrogel formation, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded onto the alginate-based hydrogels; cytotoxicity, total protein content, and tubular network formation were assessed. Burst pressure results indicate that the cell responsive hydrogels adhere to collagen substrates and exhibit increased strength under high pressures. Furthermore, the results show that the green light crosslinked alginate-heparin maintained cell adhesion and promoted tubular formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis M Garcia
- Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Irfan Tahir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Rachael A Floreani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Burlington, VT, USA; Department of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, Burlington, VT, USA; Materials Science Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
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18
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Moreira A, Müller M, Costa PF, Kohl Y. Advanced In Vitro Lung Models for Drug and Toxicity Screening: The Promising Role of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 6:e2101139. [PMID: 34962104 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The substantial socioeconomic burden of lung diseases, recently highlighted by the disastrous impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, accentuates the need for interventive treatments capable of decelerating disease progression, limiting organ damage, and contributing to a functional tissue recovery. However, this is hampered by the lack of accurate human lung research models, which currently fail to reproduce the human pulmonary architecture and biochemical environment. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and organ-on-chip (OOC) technologies possess suitable characteristics for the generation of physiologically relevant in vitro lung models, allowing for developmental studies, disease modeling, and toxicological screening. Importantly, these platforms represent potential alternatives for animal testing, according to the 3Rs (replace, reduce, refine) principle, and hold promise for the identification and approval of new chemicals under the European REACH (registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals) framework. As such, this review aims to summarize recent progress made in human iPSC- and OOC-based in vitro lung models. A general overview of the present applications of in vitro lung models is presented, followed by a summary of currently used protocols to generate different lung cell types from iPSCs. Lastly, recently developed iPSC-based lung models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Müller
- Department of Bioprocessing and Bioanalytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Weg 1, 66280, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Pedro F Costa
- BIOFABICS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Yvonne Kohl
- Department of Bioprocessing and Bioanalytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Weg 1, 66280, Sulzbach, Germany.,Postgraduate Course for Toxicology and Environmental Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 28, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Ben Hamouda S, Miglino MA, de Sá Schiavo Matias G, Beauchamp G, Lavoie JP. Asthmatic Bronchial Matrices Determine the Gene Expression and Behavior of Smooth Muscle Cells in a 3D Culture Model. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2021; 2:762026. [PMID: 35387054 PMCID: PMC8974673 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2021.762026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is associated with increased deposition and altered phenotype of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. However, little is known about the processes responsible for these changes. It has been suggested that alterations of the extracellular matrix (ECM) contribute to the remodeling of ASM cells in asthma. Three-dimensional matrices allow the in vitro study of complex cellular responses to different stimuli in a close-to-natural environment. Thus, we investigated the ultrastructural and genic variations of ASM cells cultured on acellular asthmatic and control bronchial matrices. We studied horses, as they spontaneously develop a human asthma-like condition (heaves) with similarities to chronic pulmonary changes observed in human asthma. Primary bronchial ASM cells from asthmatic (n = 3) and control (n = 3) horses were cultured on decellularized bronchi from control (n = 3) and asthmatic (n = 3) horses. Each cell lineage was used to recellularize six different bronchi for 41 days. Histomorphometry on HEPS-stained-recellularized matrices revealed an increased ASM cell number in the control cell/control matrix (p = 0.02) and asthmatic cell/control matrix group (p = 0.04) compared with the asthmatic cell/asthmatic matrix group. Scan electron microscopy revealed a cell invasion of the ECM. While ASM cells showed high adhesion and proliferation processes on the control ECM, the presence of senescent cells and cellular debris in the asthmatic ECM with control or asthmatic ASM cells suggested cell death. When comparing asthmatic with control cell/matrix combinations by targeted next generation sequencing, only AGC1 (p = 0.04), MYO10 (p = 0.009), JAM3 (p = 0.02), and TAGLN (p = 0.001) were differentially expressed out of a 70-gene pool previously associated with smooth muscle remodeling. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to evaluate the effects of asthmatic ECM on an ASM cell phenotype using a biological bronchial matrix. Our results indicate that bronchial ECM health status contributes to ASM cell gene expression and, possibly, its survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Ben Hamouda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Maria Angélica Miglino
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Guy Beauchamp
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jean-Pierre Lavoie
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20
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Fetal Lung Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34582011 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-82735-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Lung transplantation may be considered as a final treatment option for diseases such as chronic lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary fibrosis, and end-stage lung disease. The five-year survival rate of lung transplants is nearly 50%. Unfortunately, many patients will die before a suitable lung donor can be found. Importantly, the shortage of donor organs has been a significant problem in lung transplantation. The tissue engineering approach uses de- and recellularization of lung tissue to create functional lung substitutes to overcome donor lung limitations. Decellularization is hope for generating an intact ECM in the development of the engineered lung. The goal of decellularization is to prepare a suitable scaffold of lung tissue that contains an appropriate framework for the functionality of regenerated lung tissue. In this chapter, we aim to describe the decellularization protocols for lung tissue regenerative purposes.
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21
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Mahfouzi SH, Safiabadi Tali SH, Amoabediny G. Decellularized human-sized pulmonary scaffolds for lung tissue engineering: a comprehensive review. Regen Med 2021; 16:757-774. [PMID: 34431331 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal of lung bioengineering is to produce transplantable lungs for human beings. Therefore, large-scale studies are of high importance. In this paper, we review the investigations on decellularization and recellularization of human-sized lung scaffolds. First, studies that introduce new ways to enhance the decellularization of large-scale lungs are reviewed, followed by the investigations on the xenogeneic sources of lung scaffolds. Then, decellularization and recellularization of diseased lung scaffolds are discussed to assess their usefulness for tissue engineering applications. Next, the use of stem cells in recellularizing acellular lung scaffolds is reviewed, followed by the case studies on the transplantation of bioengineered lungs. Finally, the remaining challenges are discussed, and future directions are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Mahfouzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Safiabadi Tali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghassem Amoabediny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, No. 4, Orouji all., 16 Azar St., 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Comparative immunogenicity of decellularized wild type and alpha 1,3 galactosyltransferase knockout pig lungs. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121029. [PMID: 34311317 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Decellularized pig lungs recellularized with human lung cells offer a novel approach for organ transplantation. However, the potential immunogenicity of decellularized pig lungs following exposure to human tissues has not been assessed. We found that exposure of native lungs from wildtype and transgenic pigs lacking alpha (1,3)-galactosyltransferase (α-gal KO) to sera from normal healthy human volunteers demonstrated similar robust IgM and IgG immunoreactivity, comparably decreased in decellularized lungs. Similar results were observed with sera from patients who had previously undergone transcutaneous porcine aortic valve replacement (TAVR) or from patients with increased circulating anti-α-gal IgE antibodies (α-gal syndrome). Depleting anti-α-gal antibodies from the sera demonstrated both specificity of α-gal immunoreactivity and also residual immunoreactivity similar between wildtype and α-gal KO pig lungs. Exposure of human monocytes and macrophages to native wildtype lungs demonstrated greater induction of M2 phenotype than native α-gal KO pig lungs, which was less marked with decellularized lungs of either type. Overall, these results demonstrate that native wildtype and α-gal KO pig lungs provoke similar immune responses that are comparably decreased following decellularization. This provides a further platform for potential use of decellularized pig lungs in tissue engineering approaches and subsequent transplantation schemes but no obvious overall immunologic advantage of utilizing lungs obtained from α-gal KO pigs.
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23
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Busch SM, Lorenzana Z, Ryan AL. Implications for Extracellular Matrix Interactions With Human Lung Basal Stem Cells in Lung Development, Disease, and Airway Modeling. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:645858. [PMID: 34054525 PMCID: PMC8149957 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.645858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is not simply a quiescent scaffold. This three-dimensional network of extracellular macromolecules provides structural, mechanical, and biochemical support for the cells of the lung. Throughout life, the ECM forms a critical component of the pulmonary stem cell niche. Basal cells (BCs), the primary stem cells of the airways capable of differentiating to all luminal cell types, reside in close proximity to the basolateral ECM. Studying BC-ECM interactions is important for the development of therapies for chronic lung diseases in which ECM alterations are accompanied by an apparent loss of the lung's regenerative capacity. The complexity and importance of the native ECM in the regulation of BCs is highlighted as we have yet to create an in vitro culture model that is capable of supporting the long-term expansion of multipotent BCs. The interactions between the pulmonary ECM and BCs are, therefore, a vital component for understanding the mechanisms regulating BC stemness during health and disease. If we are able to replicate these interactions in airway models, we could significantly improve our ability to maintain basal cell stemness ex vivo for use in in vitro models and with prospects for cellular therapies. Furthermore, successful, and sustained airway regeneration in an aged or diseased lung by small molecules, novel compounds or via cellular therapy will rely upon both manipulation of the airway stem cells and their immediate niche within the lung. This review will focus on the current understanding of how the pulmonary ECM regulates the basal stem cell function, how this relationship changes in chronic disease, and how replicating native conditions poses challenges for ex vivo cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana M. Busch
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zareeb Lorenzana
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amy L. Ryan
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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24
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Campbell DR, Senger CN, Ryan AL, Magin CM. Engineering Tissue-Informed Biomaterials to Advance Pulmonary Regenerative Medicine. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:647834. [PMID: 33898484 PMCID: PMC8060451 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.647834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials intentionally designed to support the expansion, differentiation, and three-dimensional (3D) culture of induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may pave the way to cell-based therapies for chronic respiratory diseases. These conditions are endured by millions of people worldwide and represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are no effective treatments for the majority of advanced lung diseases and lung transplantation remains the only hope for many chronically ill patients. Key opinion leaders speculate that the novel coronavirus, COVID-19, may lead to long-term lung damage, further exacerbating the need for regenerative therapies. New strategies for regenerative cell-based therapies harness the differentiation capability of human iPSCs for studying pulmonary disease pathogenesis and treatment. Excitingly, biomaterials are a cell culture platform that can be precisely designed to direct stem cell differentiation. Here, we present a closer look at the state-of-the-art of iPSC differentiation for pulmonary engineering, offer evidence supporting the power of biomaterials to improve stem cell differentiation, and discuss our perspective on the potential for tissue-informed biomaterials to transform pulmonary regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald R. Campbell
- Department of Bioengineering, Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christiana N. Senger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Amy L. Ryan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chelsea M. Magin
- Department of Bioengineering, Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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25
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Mahfouzi SH, Amoabediny G, Safiabadi Tali SH. Advances in bioreactors for lung bioengineering: From scalable cell culture to tissue growth monitoring. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:2142-2167. [PMID: 33629350 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung bioengineering has emerged to resolve the current lung transplantation limitations and risks, including the shortage of donor organs and the high rejection rate of transplanted lungs. One of the most critical elements of lung bioengineering is bioreactors. Bioreactors with different applications have been developed in the last decade for lung bioengineering approaches, aiming to produce functional reproducible tissue constructs. Here, the current status and advances made in the development and application of bioreactors for bioengineering lungs are comprehensively reviewed. First, bioreactor design criteria are explained, followed by a discussion on using bioreactors as a culture system for scalable expansion and proliferation of lung cells, such as producing epithelial cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Next, bioreactor systems facilitating and improving decellularization and recellularization of lung tissues are discussed, highlighting the studies that developed bioreactors for producing engineered human-sized lungs. Then, monitoring bioreactors are reviewed, showing their ability to evaluate and optimize the culture conditions for maturing engineered lung tissues, followed by an explanation on the ability of ex vivo lung perfusion systems for reconditioning the lungs before transplantation. After that, lung cancer studies simplified by bioreactors are discussed, showing the potentials of bioreactors in lung disease modeling. Finally, other platforms with the potential of facilitating lung bioengineering are described, including the in vivo bioreactors and lung-on-a-chip models. In the end, concluding remarks and future directions are put forward to accelerate lung bioengineering using bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Mahfouzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghassem Amoabediny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hamid Safiabadi Tali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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26
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3D Scaffolds to Model the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: Applications and Perspectives. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030569. [PMID: 33530372 PMCID: PMC7865713 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are responsible for the production of blood and immune cells during life. HSC fate decisions are dependent on signals from specialized microenvironments in the bone marrow, termed niches. The HSC niche is a tridimensional environment that comprises cellular, chemical, and physical elements. Introductorily, we will revise the current knowledge of some relevant elements of the niche. Despite the importance of the niche in HSC function, most experimental approaches to study human HSCs use bidimensional models. Probably, this contributes to the failure in translating many in vitro findings into a clinical setting. Recreating the complexity of the bone marrow microenvironment in vitro would provide a powerful tool to achieve in vitro production of HSCs for transplantation, develop more effective therapies for hematologic malignancies and provide deeper insight into the HSC niche. We previously demonstrated that an optimized decellularization method can preserve with striking detail the ECM architecture of the bone marrow niche and support HSC culture. We will discuss the potential of this decellularized scaffold as HSC niche model. Besides decellularized scaffolds, several other methods have been reported to mimic some characteristics of the HSC niche. In this review, we will examine these models and their applications, advantages, and limitations.
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27
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De Santis MM, Alsafadi HN, Tas S, Bölükbas DA, Prithiviraj S, Da Silva IAN, Mittendorfer M, Ota C, Stegmayr J, Daoud F, Königshoff M, Swärd K, Wood JA, Tassieri M, Bourgine PE, Lindstedt S, Mohlin S, Wagner DE. Extracellular-Matrix-Reinforced Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting Human Tissue. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005476. [PMID: 33300242 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in 3D bioprinting allow for generating intricate structures with dimensions relevant for human tissue, but suitable bioinks for producing translationally relevant tissue with complex geometries remain unidentified. Here, a tissue-specific hybrid bioink is described, composed of a natural polymer, alginate, reinforced with extracellular matrix derived from decellularized tissue (rECM). rECM has rheological and gelation properties beneficial for 3D bioprinting while retaining biologically inductive properties supporting tissue maturation ex vivo and in vivo. These bioinks are shear thinning, resist cell sedimentation, improve viability of multiple cell types, and enhance mechanical stability in hydrogels derived from them. 3D printed constructs generated from rECM bioinks suppress the foreign body response, are pro-angiogenic and support recipient-derived de novo blood vessel formation across the entire graft thickness in a murine model of transplant immunosuppression. Their proof-of-principle for generating human tissue is demonstrated by 3D bioprinting human airways composed of regionally specified primary human airway epithelial progenitor and smooth muscle cells. Airway lumens remained patent with viable cells for one month in vitro with evidence of differentiation into mature epithelial cell types found in native human airways. rECM bioinks are a promising new approach for generating functional human tissue using 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina M De Santis
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Hani N Alsafadi
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Sinem Tas
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Deniz A Bölükbas
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Sujeethkumar Prithiviraj
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue and Organ Engineering, Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Iran A N Da Silva
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Margareta Mittendorfer
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Chiharu Ota
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - John Stegmayr
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Fatima Daoud
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Karl Swärd
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Jeffery A Wood
- Soft Matter, Fluidics and Interfaces, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, 7522, The Netherlands
| | - Manlio Tassieri
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, United Kingdom
| | - Paul E Bourgine
- Laboratory for Cell, Tissue and Organ Engineering, Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Sandra Lindstedt
- Dept of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Lung Transplantation, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University Hospital, Lund, 22242, Sweden
| | - Sofie Mohlin
- Division of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Center at Medicon Village, Lund, 22363, Sweden
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration, Dept of Experimental Medical Sciences, Stem Cell Centre, Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, 22362, Sweden
- Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, 81377, Germany
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28
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Huang L, Yuan W, Hong Y, Fan S, Yao X, Ren T, Song L, Yang G, Zhang Y. 3D printed hydrogels with oxidized cellulose nanofibers and silk fibroin for the proliferation of lung epithelial stem cells. CELLULOSE (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 28:241-257. [PMID: 33132545 PMCID: PMC7590576 DOI: 10.1007/s10570-020-03526-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel biomaterial ink consisting of regenerated silk fibroin (SF) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized bacterial cellulose (OBC) nanofibrils was developed for 3D printing lung tissue scaffold. Silk fibroin backbones were cross-linked using horseradish peroxide/H2O2 to form printed hydrogel scaffolds. OBC with a concentration of 7wt% increased the viscosity of inks during the printing process and further improved the shape fidelity of the scaffolds. Rheological measurements and image analyses were performed to evaluate inks printability and print shape fidelity. Three-dimensional construct with ten layers could be printed with ink of 1SF-2OBC (SF/OBC = 1/2, w/w). The composite hydrogel of 1SF-1OBC (SF/OBC = 1/1, w/w) printed at 25 °C exhibited a significantly improved compressive strength of 267 ± 13 kPa and a compressive stiffness of 325 ± 14 kPa at 30% strain, respectively. The optimized printing parameters for 1SF-1OBC were 0.3 bar of printing pressure, 45 mm/s of printing speed and 410 μm of nozzle diameter. Furthermore, OBC nanofibrils could be induced to align along the print lines over 60% degree of orientation, which were analyzed by SEM and X-ray diffraction. The orientation of OBC nanofibrils along print lines provided physical cues for guiding the orientation of lung epithelial stem cells, which maintained the ability to proliferate and kept epithelial phenotype after 7 days' culture. The 3D printed SF-OBC scaffolds are promising for applications in lung tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Urology, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Hong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 People’s Republic of China
| | - Suna Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lujie Song
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Oriental Institute for Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai, 200233 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gesheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620 People’s Republic of China
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29
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Kheirjou R, Rad JS, Khosroshahi AF, Roshangar L. The useful agent to have an ideal biological scaffold. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 22:225-239. [PMID: 33222022 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering which is applied in regenerative medicine has three basic components: cells, scaffolds and growth factors. This multidisciplinary field can regulate cell behaviors in different conditions using scaffolds and growth factors. Scaffolds perform this regulation with their structural, mechanical, functional and bioinductive properties and growth factors by attaching to and activating their receptors in cells. There are various types of biological extracellular matrix (ECM) and polymeric scaffolds in tissue engineering. Recently, many researchers have turned to using biological ECM rather than polymeric scaffolds because of its safety and growth factors. Therefore, selection the right scaffold with the best properties tailored to clinical use is an ideal way to regulate cell behaviors in order to repair or improve damaged tissue functions in regenerative medicine. In this review we first divided properties of biological scaffold into intrinsic and extrinsic elements and then explain the components of each element. Finally, the types of scaffold storage methods and their advantages and disadvantages are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Kheirjou
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33363879, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Ferdowsi Khosroshahi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 33363879, Tabriz, Iran.
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30
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Ben Hamouda S, Vargas A, Boivin R, Miglino MA, da Palma RK, Lavoie JP. Recellularization of Bronchial Extracellular Matrix With Primary Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 96:103313. [PMID: 33349413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Severe asthma is associated with an increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and altered composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Studies have indicated that ECM-ASM cell interactions contribute to this remodeling and its limited reversibility with current therapy. Three-dimensional matrices allow the study of complex cellular responses to different stimuli in an almost natural environment. Our goal was to obtain acellular bronchial matrices and then develop a recellularization protocol with ASM cells. We studied equine bronchi as horses spontaneously develop a human asthma-like disease. The bronchi were decellularized using Triton/Sodium Deoxycholate. The obtained scaffolds retained their anatomical and histological properties. Using immunohistochemistry and a semi-quantitative score to compare native bronchi to scaffolds revealed no significant variation for matrixial proteins. DNA quantification and electrophoresis revealed that most DNA was 29.6 ng/mg of tissue ± 5.6, with remaining fragments of less than 100 bp. Primary ASM cells were seeded on the scaffolds. Histological analysis of the recellularizations showed that ASM cells migrated and proliferated primarily in the decellularized smooth muscle matrix, suggesting a chemotactic effect of the scaffolds. This is the first report of primary ASM cells preferentially repopulating the smooth muscle matrix layer in bronchial matrices. This protocol is now being used to study the molecular interactions occurring between the asthmatic ECMs and ASM to identify effectors of asthmatic bronchial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Ben Hamouda
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Amandine Vargas
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roxane Boivin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
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Melo-Narváez MC, Stegmayr J, Wagner DE, Lehmann M. Lung regeneration: implications of the diseased niche and ageing. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/157/200222. [DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0222-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most chronic and acute lung diseases have no cure, leaving lung transplantation as the only option. Recent work has improved our understanding of the endogenous regenerative capacity of the lung and has helped identification of different progenitor cell populations, as well as exploration into inducing endogenous regeneration through pharmaceutical or biological therapies. Additionally, alternative approaches that aim at replacing lung progenitor cells and their progeny through cell therapy, or whole lung tissue through bioengineering approaches, have gained increasing attention. Although impressive progress has been made, efforts at regenerating functional lung tissue are still ineffective. Chronic and acute lung diseases are most prevalent in the elderly and alterations in progenitor cells with ageing, along with an increased inflammatory milieu, present major roadblocks for regeneration. Multiple cellular mechanisms, such as cellular senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction, are aberrantly regulated in the aged and diseased lung, which impairs regeneration. Existing as well as new human in vitro models are being developed, improved and adapted in order to study potential mechanisms of lung regeneration in different contexts. This review summarises recent advances in understanding endogenous as well as exogenous regeneration and the development of in vitro models for studying regenerative mechanisms.
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Petrou CL, D'Ovidio TJ, Bölükbas DA, Tas S, Brown RD, Allawzi A, Lindstedt S, Nozik-Grayck E, Stenmark KR, Wagner DE, Magin CM. Clickable decellularized extracellular matrix as a new tool for building hybrid-hydrogels to model chronic fibrotic diseases in vitro. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6814-6826. [PMID: 32343292 PMCID: PMC9020195 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00613k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic disorders account for over one third of mortalities worldwide. Despite great efforts to study the cellular and molecular processes underlying fibrosis, there are currently few effective therapies. Dual-stage polymerization reactions are an innovative tool for recreating heterogeneous increases in extracellular matrix (ECM) modulus, a hallmark of fibrotic diseases in vivo. Here, we present a clickable decellularized ECM (dECM) crosslinker incorporated into a dynamically responsive poly(ethylene glycol)-α-methacrylate (PEGαMA) hybrid-hydrogel to recreate ECM remodeling in vitro. An off-stoichiometry thiol-ene Michael addition between PEGαMA (8-arm, 10 kg mol-1) and the clickable dECM resulted in hydrogels with an elastic modulus of E = 3.6 ± 0.24 kPa, approximating healthy lung tissue (1-5 kPa). Next, residual αMA groups were reacted via a photo-initiated homopolymerization to increase modulus values to fibrotic levels (E = 13.4 ± 0.82 kPa) in situ. Hydrogels with increased elastic moduli, mimicking fibrotic ECM, induced a significant increase in the expression of myofibroblast transgenes. The proportion of primary fibroblasts from dual-reporter mouse lungs expressing collagen 1a1 and alpha-smooth muscle actin increased by approximately 60% when cultured on stiff and dynamically stiffened hybrid-hydrogels compared to soft. Likewise, fibroblasts expressed significantly increased levels of the collagen 1a1 transgene on stiff regions of spatially patterned hybrid-hydrogels compared to the soft areas. Collectively, these results indicate that hybrid-hydrogels are a new tool that can be implemented to spatiotemporally induce a phenotypic transition in primary murine fibroblasts in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L Petrou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th Ave MS C272 Aurora, Denver, CO 80045, USA
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Kim BS, Das S, Jang J, Cho DW. Decellularized Extracellular Matrix-based Bioinks for Engineering Tissue- and Organ-specific Microenvironments. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10608-10661. [PMID: 32786425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials-based biofabrication methods have gained much attention in recent years. Among them, 3D cell printing is a pioneering technology to facilitate the recapitulation of unique features of complex human tissues and organs with high process flexibility and versatility. Bioinks, combinations of printable hydrogel and cells, can be utilized to create 3D cell-printed constructs. The bioactive cues of bioinks directly trigger cells to induce tissue morphogenesis. Among the various printable hydrogels, the tissue- and organ-specific decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) can exert synergistic effects in supporting various cells at any component by facilitating specific physiological properties. In this review, we aim to discuss a new paradigm of dECM-based bioinks able to recapitulate the inherent microenvironmental niche in 3D cell-printed constructs. This review can serve as a toolbox for biomedical engineers who want to understand the beneficial characteristics of the dECM-based bioinks and a basic set of fundamental criteria for printing functional human tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Soo Kim
- Future IT Innovation Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu,, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanskrita Das
- Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinah Jang
- Future IT Innovation Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu,, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Namgu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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Movia D, Prina-Mello A. Preclinical Development of Orally Inhaled Drugs (OIDs)-Are Animal Models Predictive or Shall We Move Towards In Vitro Non-Animal Models? Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1259. [PMID: 32722259 PMCID: PMC7460012 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases constitute a huge burden in our society, and the global respiratory drug market currently grows at an annual rate between 4% and 6%. Inhalation is the preferred administration method for treating respiratory diseases, as it: (i) delivers the drug directly at the site of action, resulting in a rapid onset; (ii) is painless, thus improving patients' compliance; and (iii) avoids first-pass metabolism reducing systemic side effects. Inhalation occurs through the mouth, with the drug generally exerting its therapeutic action in the lungs. In the most recent years, orally inhaled drugs (OIDs) have found application also in the treatment of systemic diseases. OIDs development, however, currently suffers of an overall attrition rate of around 70%, meaning that seven out of 10 new drug candidates fail to reach the clinic. Our commentary focuses on the reasons behind the poor OIDs translation into clinical products for the treatment of respiratory and systemic diseases, with particular emphasis on the parameters affecting the predictive value of animal preclinical tests. We then review the current advances in overcoming the limitation of animal animal-based studies through the development and adoption of in vitro, cell-based new approach methodologies (NAMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Movia
- Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin D8, Ireland;
| | - Adriele Prina-Mello
- Laboratory for Biological Characterisation of Advanced Materials (LBCAM), Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin D8, Ireland;
- AMBER Centre, CRANN Institute, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin D2, Ireland
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Translating Basic Research into Safe and Effective Cell-based Treatments for Respiratory Diseases. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2020; 16:657-668. [PMID: 30917290 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201812-890cme] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis, result in severely impaired quality of life and impose significant burdens on healthcare systems worldwide. Current disease management involves pharmacologic interventions, oxygen administration, reduction of infections, and lung transplantation in advanced disease stages. An increasing understanding of mechanisms of respiratory epithelial and pulmonary vascular endothelial maintenance and repair and the underlying stem/progenitor cell populations, including but not limited to airway basal cells and type II alveolar epithelial cells, has opened the possibility of cell replacement-based regenerative approaches for treatment of lung diseases. Further potential for personalized therapies, including in vitro drug screening, has been underscored by the recent derivation of various lung epithelial, endothelial, and immune cell types from human induced pluripotent stem cells. In parallel, immunomodulatory treatments using allogeneic or autologous mesenchymal stromal cells have shown a good safety profile in clinical investigations for acute inflammatory conditions, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and septic shock. However, as yet, no cell-based therapy has been shown to be both safe and effective for any lung disease. Despite the investigational status of cell-based interventions for lung diseases, businesses that market unproven, unlicensed and potentially harmful cell-based interventions for respiratory diseases have proliferated in the United States and worldwide. The current status of various cell-based regenerative approaches for lung disease as well as the effect of the regulatory environment on clinical translation of such approaches are presented and critically discussed in this review.
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Pouliot RA, Young BM, Link PA, Park HE, Kahn AR, Shankar K, Schneck MB, Weiss DJ, Heise RL. Porcine Lung-Derived Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Properties Are Dependent on Pepsin Digestion Time. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 26:332-346. [PMID: 32390520 PMCID: PMC7310225 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels derived from decellularized lungs are promising materials for tissue engineering in the development of clinical therapies and for modeling the lung extracellular matrix (ECM) in vitro. Characterizing and controlling the resulting physical, biochemical, mechanical, and biologic properties of decellularized ECM (dECM) after enzymatic solubilization and gelation are thus of key interest. As the role of enzymatic pepsin digestion in effecting these properties has been understudied, we investigated the digestion time-dependency on key parameters of the resulting ECM hydrogel. Using resolubilized, homogenized decellularized pig lung dECM as a model system, significant time-dependent changes in protein concentration, turbidity, and gelation potential were found to occur between the 4 and 24 h digestion time points, and plateauing with longer digestion times. These results correlated with qualitative scanning electron microscopy images and quantitative analysis of hydrogel interconnectivity and average fiber diameter. Interestingly, the time-dependent changes in the storage modulus tracked with the hydrogel interconnectivity results, while the Young's modulus values were more closely related to average fiber size at each time point. The structural and biochemical alterations correlated with significant changes in metabolic activity of several representative lung cells seeded onto the hydrogels with progressive decreases in cell viability and alterations in morphology observed in cells cultured on hydrogels produced with dECM digested for >12 and up to 72 h of digestion. These studies demonstrate that 12 h pepsin digest of pig lung dECM provides an optimal balance between desirable physical ECM hydrogel properties and effects on lung cell behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Pouliot
- College of Medicine Pulmonary Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Bethany M. Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Patrick A. Link
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Heon E. Park
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alison R. Kahn
- College of Medicine Pulmonary Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Keerthana Shankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew B. Schneck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Daniel J. Weiss
- College of Medicine Pulmonary Department, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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37
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Dorrello NV, Vunjak-Novakovic G. Bioengineering of Pulmonary Epithelium With Preservation of the Vascular Niche. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:269. [PMID: 32351946 PMCID: PMC7174601 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The shortage of transplantable donor organs directly affects patients with end-stage lung disease, for which transplantation remains the only definitive treatment. With the current acceptance rate of donor lungs of only 20%, rescuing even one half of the rejected donor lungs would increase the number of transplantable lungs threefold, to 60%. We review recent advances in lung bioengineering that have potential to repair the epithelial and vascular compartments of the lung. Our focus is on the long-term support and recovery of the lung ex vivo, and the replacement of defective epithelium with healthy therapeutic cells. To this end, we first review the roles of the lung epithelium and vasculature, with focus on the alveolar-capillary membrane, and then discuss the available and emerging technologies for ex vivo bioengineering of the lung by decellularization and recellularization. While there have been many meritorious advances in these technologies for recovering marginal quality lungs to the levels needed to meet the standards for transplantation – many challenges remain, motivating further studies of the extended ex vivo support and interventions in the lung. We propose that the repair of injured epithelium with preservation of quiescent vasculature will be critical for the immediate blood supply to the lung and the lung survival and function following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Valerio Dorrello
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Abstract
The pulmonary blood-gas barrier represents a remarkable feat of engineering. It achieves the exquisite thinness needed for gas exchange by diffusion, the strength to withstand the stresses and strains of repetitive and changing ventilation, and the ability to actively maintain itself under varied demands. Understanding the design principles of this barrier is essential to understanding a variety of lung diseases, and to successfully regenerating or artificially recapitulating the barrier ex vivo. Many classical studies helped to elucidate the unique structure and morphology of the mammalian blood-gas barrier, and ongoing investigations have helped to refine these descriptions and to understand the biological aspects of blood-gas barrier function and regulation. This article reviews the key features of the blood-gas barrier that enable achievement of the necessary design criteria and describes the mechanical environment to which the barrier is exposed. It then focuses on the biological and mechanical components of the barrier that preserve integrity during homeostasis, but which may be compromised in certain pathophysiological states, leading to disease. Finally, this article summarizes recent key advances in efforts to engineer the blood-gas barrier ex vivo, using the platforms of lung-on-a-chip and tissue-engineered whole lungs. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:415-452, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Leiby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Micha Sam Brickman Raredon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Laura E. Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Tsuchiya T, Doi R, Obata T, Hatachi G, Nagayasu T. Lung Microvascular Niche, Repair, and Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:105. [PMID: 32154234 PMCID: PMC7047880 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials have been used for a long time in the field of medicine. Since the success of "tissue engineering" pioneered by Langer and Vacanti in 1993, tissue engineering studies have advanced from simple tissue generation to whole organ generation with three-dimensional reconstruction. Decellularized scaffolds have been widely used in the field of reconstructive surgery because the tissues used to generate decellularized scaffolds can be easily harvested from animals or humans. When a patient's own cells can be seeded onto decellularized biomaterials, theoretically this will create immunocompatible organs generated from allo- or xeno-organs. The most important aspect of lung tissue engineering is that the delicate three-dimensional structure of the organ is maintained during the tissue engineering process. Therefore, organ decellularization has special advantages for lung tissue engineering where it is essential to maintain the extremely thin basement membrane in the alveoli. Since 2010, there have been many methodological developments in the decellularization and recellularization of lung scaffolds, which includes improvements in the decellularization protocols and the selection and preparation of seeding cells. However, early transplanted engineered lungs terminated in organ failure in a short period. Immature vasculature reconstruction is considered to be the main cause of engineered organ failure. Immature vasculature causes thrombus formation in the engineered lung. Successful reconstruction of a mature vasculature network would be a major breakthrough in achieving success in lung engineering. In order to regenerate the mature vasculature network, we need to remodel the vascular niche, especially the microvasculature, in the organ scaffold. This review highlights the reconstruction of the vascular niche in a decellularized lung scaffold. Because the vascular niche consists of endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes, extracellular matrix (ECM), and the epithelial-endothelial interface, all of which might affect the vascular tight junction (TJ), we discuss ECM composition and reconstruction, the contribution of ECs and perivascular cells, the air-blood barrier (ABB) function, and the effects of physiological factors during the lung microvasculature repair and engineering process. The goal of the present review is to confirm the possibility of success in lung microvascular engineering in whole organ engineering and explore the future direction of the current methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Division of Nucleic Acid Drug Development, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Doi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Obata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Go Hatachi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Hussein KH, Park KM, Yu L, Song SH, Woo HM, Kwak HH. Vascular reconstruction: A major challenge in developing a functional whole solid organ graft from decellularized organs. Acta Biomater 2020; 103:68-80. [PMID: 31887454 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioengineering a functional organ holds great potential to overcome the current gap between the organ need and shortage of available organs. Whole organ decellularization allows the removal of cells from large-scale organs, leaving behind extracellular matrices containing different growth factors, structural proteins, and a vascular network with a bare surface. Successful application of decellularized tissues as transplantable organs is hampered by the inability to completely reline the vasculature by endothelial cells (ECs), leading to blood coagulation, loss of vascular patency, and subsequent death of reseeded cells. Therefore, an intact, continuous layer of endothelium is essential to maintain proper functioning of the vascular system, which includes the transfer of nutrients to surrounding tissues and protecting other types of cells from shear stress. Here, we aimed to summarize the available cell sources that can be used for reendothelialization in addition to different trials performed by researchers to reconstruct vascularization of decellularized solid organs. Additionally, different techniques for enhancing reendothelialization and the methods used for evaluating reendothelialization efficiency along with the future prospective applications of this field are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite the great progress in whole organ decellularization, reconstruction of vasculature within the engineered constructs is still a major roadblock. Reconstructed endothelium acts as a multifunctional barrier of vessels, which can reduce thrombosis and help delivering of oxygen and nutrients throughout the whole organ. Successful reendothelialization can be achieved through reseeding of appropriate cell types on the naked vasculature with or without modification of its surface. Here, we present the current research milestones that so far established to reconstruct the vascular network in addition to the methods used for evaluating the efficiency of reendotheilization. Thus, this review is quite significant and will aid the researchers to know where we stand toward biofabricating a transplantable organ from decellularizd extracellular matrix.
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Uhl FE, Zhang F, Pouliot RA, Uriarte JJ, Rolandsson Enes S, Han X, Ouyang Y, Xia K, Westergren-Thorsson G, Malmström A, Hallgren O, Linhardt RJ, Weiss DJ. Functional role of glycosaminoglycans in decellularized lung extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater 2020; 102:231-246. [PMID: 31751810 PMCID: PMC8713186 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. Using a commonly utilized detergent-based decellularization approach in human autopsy lungs resulted in disproportionate losses of GAGs with depletion of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) > heparan sulfate (HS) > hyaluronic acid (HA). Specific changes in disaccharide composition of remaining GAGs were observed with disproportionate loss of NS and NS2S for HS groups and of 4S for CS/DS groups. No significant influence of smoking history, sex, time to autopsy, or age was observed in native vs. decellularized lungs. Notably, surface plasmon resonance demonstrated that GAGs remaining in decellularized lungs were unable to bind key matrix-associated growth factors FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. Growth of lung epithelial, pulmonary vascular, and stromal cells cultured on the surface of or embedded within gels derived from decellularized human lungs was differentially and combinatorially enhanced by replenishing specific GAGs and FGF2, HGF, and TGFβ1. In summary, lung decellularization results in loss and/or dysfunction of specific GAGs or side chains significantly affecting matrix-associated growth factor binding and lung cell metabolism. GAG and matrix-associated growth factor replenishment thus needs to be incorporated into schemes for investigations utilizing gels and other materials produced from decellularized human lungs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite progress in use of decellularized lung scaffolds in ex vivo lung bioengineering schemes, including use of gels and other materials derived from the scaffolds, the detailed composition and functional role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans (PGs) and their glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains remaining in decellularized lungs, is poorly understood. In the current studies, we demonstrate that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are significantly depleted during decellularization and those that remain are dysfunctional and unable to bind matrix-associated growth factors critical for cell growth and differentiation. Systematically repleting GAGs and matrix-associated growth factors to gels derived from decellularized human lung significantly and differentially affects cell growth. These studies highlight the importance of considering GAGs in decellularized lungs and their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska E Uhl
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States; Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Robert A Pouliot
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Juan J Uriarte
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States
| | - Sara Rolandsson Enes
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States; Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Yilan Ouyang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Ke Xia
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | | | - Anders Malmström
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hallgren
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States.
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Lung bioengineering: advances and challenges in lung decellularization and recellularization. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2019; 23:673-678. [PMID: 30300330 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bioengineering the lung based on its natural extracellular matrix (ECM) offers novel opportunities to overcome the shortage of donors, to reduce chronic allograft rejections, and to improve the median survival rate of transplanted patients. During the last decade, lung tissue engineering has advanced rapidly to combine scaffolds, cells, and biologically active molecules into functional tissues to restore or improve the lung's main function, gas exchange. This review will inspect the current progress in lung bioengineering using decellularized and recellularized lung scaffolds and highlight future challenges in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Lung decellularization and recellularization protocols have provided researchers with tools to progress toward functional lung tissue engineering. However, there is continuous evolution and refinement particularly for optimization of lung recellularization. These further the possibility of developing a transplantable bioartificial lung. SUMMARY Bioengineering the lung using recellularized scaffolds could offer a curative option for patients with end-stage organ failure but its accomplishment remains unclear in the short-term. However, the state-of-the-art of techniques described in this review will increase our knowledge of the lung ECM and of chemical and mechanical cues which drive cell repopulation to improve the advances in lung regeneration and lung tissue engineering.
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Obata T, Tsuchiya T, Akita S, Kawahara T, Matsumoto K, Miyazaki T, Masumoto H, Kobayashi E, Niklason LE, Nagayasu T. Utilization of Natural Detergent Potassium Laurate for Decellularization in Lung Bioengineering. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:459-471. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Obata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Medical-Engineering Hybrid Professional Development Center, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Translational Research Center, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sadanori Akita
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, School of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kawahara
- Research and Development Department and Quality Assurance Department, Shabondama Soap Co., Ltd., Kitakyusyu City, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsumoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Medical-Engineering Hybrid Professional Development Center, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takuro Miyazaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masumoto
- Biomedical Research Support Center, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
- Department of Organ Fabrication, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Laura E. Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Biomedical Research Support Center, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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Fernández-Colino A, Iop L, Ventura Ferreira MS, Mela P. Fibrosis in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: treat or trigger? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:17-36. [PMID: 31295523 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a life-threatening pathological condition resulting from a dysfunctional tissue repair process. There is no efficient treatment and organ transplantation is in many cases the only therapeutic option. Here we review tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) approaches to address fibrosis in the cardiovascular system, the kidney, the lung and the liver. These strategies have great potential to achieve repair or replacement of diseased organs by cell- and material-based therapies. However, paradoxically, they might also trigger fibrosis. Cases of TERM interventions with adverse outcome are also included in this review. Furthermore, we emphasize the fact that, although organ engineering is still in its infancy, the advances in the field are leading to biomedically relevant in vitro models with tremendous potential for disease recapitulation and development of therapies. These human tissue models might have increased predictive power for human drug responses thereby reducing the need for animal testing.
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Tebyanian H, Karami A, Nourani MR, Motavallian E, Barkhordari A, Yazdanian M, Seifalian A. Lung tissue engineering: An update. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19256-19270. [PMID: 30972749 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary disease is a worldwide public health problem that reduces the life quality and increases the need for hospital admissions as well as the risk of premature death. A common problem is the significant shortage of lungs for transplantation as well as patients must also take immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of their lives to keep the immune system from attacking transplanted organs. Recently, a new strategy has been proposed in the cellular engineering of lung tissue as decellularization approaches. The main components for the lung tissue engineering are: (1) A suitable biological or synthetic three-dimensional (3D) scaffold, (2) source of stem cells or cells, (3) growth factors required to drive cell differentiation and proliferation, and (4) bioreactor, a system that supports a 3D composite biologically active. Although a number of synthetic as well biological 3D scaffold suggested for lung tissue engineering, the current favorite scaffold is decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold. There are a large number of commercial and academic made bioreactors, the favor has been, the one easy to sterilize, physiologically stimuli and support active cell growth as well as clinically translational. The challenges would be to develop a functional lung will depend on the endothelialized microvascular network and alveolar-capillary surface area to exchange gas. A critical review of the each components of lung tissue engineering is presented, following an appraisal of the literature in the last 5 years. This is a multibillion dollar industry and consider unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Tebyanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Karami
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nourani
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Motavallian
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aref Barkhordari
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yazdanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (Ltd), The London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London, UK
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Sedláková V, Kloučková M, Garlíková Z, Vašíčková K, Jaroš J, Kandra M, Kotasová H, Hampl A. Options for modeling the respiratory system: inserts, scaffolds and microfluidic chips. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:971-982. [PMID: 30877077 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The human respiratory system is continuously exposed to varying levels of hazardous substances ranging from environmental toxins to purposely administered drugs. If the noxious effects exceed the inherent regenerative capacity of the respiratory system, injured tissue undergoes complex remodeling that can significantly affect lung function and lead to various diseases. Advanced near-to-native in vitro lung models are required to understand the mechanisms involved in pulmonary damage and repair and to reliably test the toxicity of compounds to lung tissue. This review is an overview of the development of in vitro respiratory system models used for study of lung diseases. It includes discussion of using these models for environmental toxin assessment and pulmonary toxicity screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Sedláková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa K1Y 4W7, Canada.
| | - Michaela Kloučková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Garlíková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Vašíčková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Jaroš
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mário Kandra
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kotasová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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Guenthart BA, O'Neill JD, Kim J, Fung K, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Bacchetta M. Cell replacement in human lung bioengineering. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019; 38:215-224. [PMID: 30529200 PMCID: PMC6351169 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the number of patients with end-stage lung disease continues to rise, there is a growing need to increase the limited number of lungs available for transplantation. Unfortunately, attempts at engineering functional lung de novo have been unsuccessful, and artificial mechanical devices have limited utility as a bridge to transplant. This difficulty is largely due to the size and inherent complexity of the lung; however, recent advances in cell-based therapeutics offer a unique opportunity to enhance traditional tissue-engineering approaches with targeted site- and cell-specific strategies. METHODS Human lungs considered unsuitable for transplantation were procured and supported using novel cannulation techniques and modified ex-vivo lung perfusion. Targeted lung regions were treated using intratracheal delivery of decellularization solution. Labeled mesenchymal stem cells or airway epithelial cells were then delivered into the lung and incubated for up to 6 hours. RESULTS Tissue samples were collected at regular time intervals and detailed histologic and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of native cell removal and exogenous cell replacement. Regional decellularization resulted in the removal of airway epithelium with preservation of vascular endothelium and extracellular matrix proteins. After incubation, delivered cells were retained in the lung and showed homogeneous topographic distribution and flattened cellular morphology. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that targeted cell replacement in extracorporeal organs is feasible and may ultimately lead to chimeric organs suitable for transplantation or the development of in-situ interventions to treat or reverse disease, ultimately negating the need for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Guenthart
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - John D O'Neill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jinho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kenmond Fung
- Department of Clinical Perfusion, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew Bacchetta
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
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Bölükbas DA, De Santis MM, Alsafadi HN, Doryab A, Wagner DE. The Preparation of Decellularized Mouse Lung Matrix Scaffolds for Analysis of Lung Regenerative Cell Potential. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1940:275-295. [PMID: 30788833 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9086-3_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung transplantation is the only option for patients with end-stage lung disease, but there is a shortage of available lung donors. Furthermore, efficiency of lung transplantation has been limited due to primary graft dysfunction. Recent mouse models mimicking lung disease in humans have allowed for deepening our understanding of disease pathomechanisms. Moreover, new techniques such as decellularization and recellularization have opened up new possibilities to contribute to our understanding of the regenerative mechanisms involved in the lung. Stripping the lung of its native cells allows for unprecedented analyses of extracellular matrix and sets a physiologic platform to study the regenerative potential of seeded cells. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathways involved for lung development and regeneration in mouse models can be translated to regeneration strategies in higher organisms, including humans. Here we describe and discuss several techniques used for murine lung de- and recellularization, methods for evaluation of efficacy including histology, protein/RNA isolation at the whole lung, as well as lung slices level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz A Bölükbas
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Martina M De Santis
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hani N Alsafadi
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ali Doryab
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. .,Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Burgess JK, Heijink IH. Paving the Road for Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosome Therapy in Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Pulmonary Hypertension. STEM CELL-BASED THERAPY FOR LUNG DISEASE 2019. [PMCID: PMC7122497 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29403-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic neonatal lung disease characterized by inflammation and arrest of alveolarization. Its common sequela, pulmonary hypertension (PH), presents with elevated pulmonary vascular resistance associated with remodeling of the pulmonary arterioles. Despite notable advancements in neonatal medicine, there is a severe lack of curative treatments to help manage the progressive nature of these diseases. Numerous studies in preclinical models of BPD and PH have demonstrated that therapies based on mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) can resolve pulmonary inflammation and ameliorate the severity of disease. Recent evidence suggests that novel, cell-free approaches based on MSC-derived exosomes (MEx) might represent a compelling therapeutic alternative offering major advantages over treatments based on MSC transplantation. Here, we will discuss the development of MSC-based therapies, stressing the centrality of paracrine action as the actual vector of MSC therapeutic functionality, focusing on MEx. We will briefly present our current understanding of the biogenesis and secretion of MEx, and discuss potential mechanisms by which they afford such beneficial effects, including immunomodulation and restoration of homeostasis in diseased states. We will also review ongoing clinical trials using MSCs as treatment for BPD that pave the way for bringing cell-free, MEx-based therapeutics from the bench to the NICU setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette K. Burgess
- The University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Irene H. Heijink
- The University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tissue-Engineered Grafts from Human Decellularized Extracellular Matrices: A Systematic Review and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124117. [PMID: 30567407 PMCID: PMC6321114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine involve many different artificial and biologic materials, frequently integrated in composite scaffolds, which can be repopulated with various cell types. One of the most promising scaffolds is decellularized allogeneic extracellular matrix (ECM) then recellularized by autologous or stem cells, in order to develop fully personalized clinical approaches. Decellularization protocols have to efficiently remove immunogenic cellular materials, maintaining the nonimmunogenic ECM, which is endowed with specific inductive/differentiating actions due to its architecture and bioactive factors. In the present paper, we review the available literature about the development of grafts from decellularized human tissues/organs. Human tissues may be obtained not only from surgery but also from cadavers, suggesting possible development of Human Tissue BioBanks from body donation programs. Many human tissues/organs have been decellularized for tissue engineering purposes, such as cartilage, bone, skeletal muscle, tendons, adipose tissue, heart, vessels, lung, dental pulp, intestine, liver, pancreas, kidney, gonads, uterus, childbirth products, cornea, and peripheral nerves. In vitro recellularizations have been reported with various cell types and procedures (seeding, injection, and perfusion). Conversely, studies about in vivo behaviour are poorly represented. Actually, the future challenge will be the development of human grafts to be implanted fully restored in all their structural/functional aspects.
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