1
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Quizon MJ, Deppen JN, Barber GF, Kalelkar PP, Coronel MM, Levit RD, García AJ. VEGF-delivering PEG hydrogels promote vascularization in the porcine subcutaneous space. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:866-880. [PMID: 38189109 PMCID: PMC10984793 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
For cell therapies, the subcutaneous space is an attractive transplant site due to its large surface area and accessibility for implantation, monitoring, biopsy, and retrieval. However, its poor vascularization has catalyzed research to induce blood vessel formation within the site to enhance cell revascularization and survival. Most studies focus on the subcutaneous space of rodents, which does not recapitulate important anatomical features and vascularization responses of humans. Herein, we evaluate biomaterial-driven vascularization in the porcine subcutaneous space. Additionally, we report the first use of cost-effective fluorescent microspheres to quantify perfusion in the porcine subcutaneous space. We investigate the vascularization-inducing efficacy of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-delivering synthetic hydrogels based on 4-arm poly(ethylene) glycol macromers with terminal maleimides (PEG-4MAL). We compare three groups: a non-degradable hydrogel with a VEGF-releasing PEG-4MAL gel coating (Core+VEGF gel); an uncoated, non-degradable hydrogel (Core-only); and naïve tissue. After 2 weeks, Core+VEGF gel has significantly higher tissue perfusion, blood vessel area, blood vessel density, and number of vessels compared to both Core-only and naïve tissue. Furthermore, healthy vital signs during surgery and post-procedure metrics demonstrate the safety of hydrogel delivery. We demonstrate that VEGF-delivering synthetic hydrogels induce robust vascularization and perfusion in the porcine subcutaneous space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle J. Quizon
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Juline N. Deppen
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1440 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Graham F. Barber
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Pranav P. Kalelkar
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - María M. Coronel
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Rebecca D. Levit
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1440 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Andrés J. García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr. NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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2
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Abraham N, Kolipaka T, Pandey G, Negi M, Srinivasarao DA, Srivastava S. Revolutionizing pancreatic islet organoid transplants: Improving engraftment and exploring future frontiers. Life Sci 2024; 343:122545. [PMID: 38458556 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) manifests due to pancreatic beta cell destruction, causing insulin deficiency and hyperglycaemia. Current therapies are inadequate for brittle diabetics, necessitating pancreatic islet transplants, which however, introduces its own set of challenges such as paucity of donors, rigorous immunosuppression and autoimmune rejection. Organoid technology represents a significant stride in the field of regenerative medicine and bypasses donor-based approaches. Hence this article focuses on strategies enhancing the in vivo engraftment of islet organoids (IOs), namely vascularization, encapsulation, immune evasion, alternative extra-hepatic transplant sites and 3D bioprinting. Hypoxia-induced necrosis and delayed revascularization attenuate organoid viability and functional capacity, alleviated by the integration of diverse cell types e.g., human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to boost vascularization. Encapsulation with biocompatible materials and genetic modifications counters immune damage, while extra-hepatic sites avoid surgical complications and immediate blood-mediated inflammatory reactions (IBMIR). Customizable 3D bioprinting may help augment the viability and functionality of IOs. While the clinical translation of IOs faces hurdles, preliminary results show promise. This article underscores the importance of addressing challenges in IO transplantation to advance their use in treating type 1 diabetes effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noella Abraham
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Tejaswini Kolipaka
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Giriraj Pandey
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mansi Negi
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dadi A Srinivasarao
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
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Mei T, Cao H, Zhang L, Cao Y, Ma T, Sun Z, Liu Z, Hu Y, Le W. 3D Printed Conductive Hydrogel Patch Incorporated with MSC@GO for Efficient Myocardial Infarction Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2451-2462. [PMID: 38429076 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) results in an impaired heart function. Conductive hydrogel patch-based therapy has been considered as a promising strategy for cardiac repair after MI. In our study, we fabricated a three-dimensional (3D) printed conductive hydrogel patch made of fibrinogen scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with graphene oxide (GO) flakes (MSC@GO), capitalizing on GO's excellent mechanical property and electrical conductivity. The MSC@GO hydrogel patch can be attached to the epicardium via adhesion to provide strong electrical integration with infarcted hearts, as well as mechanical and regeneration support for the infarcted area, thereby up-regulating the expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) and resulting in effective MI repair in vivo. In addition, MI also triggers apoptosis and damage of cardiomyocytes (CMs), hindering the normal repair of the infarcted heart. GO flakes exhibit a protective effect against the apoptosis of implanted MSCs. In the mouse model of MI, MSC@GO hydrogel patch implantation supported cardiac repair by reducing cell apoptosis, promoting gap connexin protein Cx43 expression, and then boosting cardiac function. Together, this study demonstrated that the conductive hydrogel patch has versatile conductivity and mechanical support function and could therefore be a promising candidate for heart repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Mei
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Laihai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunfei Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zeyi Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yihui Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenjun Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200092, China
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4
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Schott NG, Kaur G, Coleman R, Stegemann JP. Modular, Vascularized Hypertrophic Cartilage Constructs for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.26.582166. [PMID: 38464155 PMCID: PMC10925222 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.582166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Insufficient vascularization is a main barrier to creating engineered bone grafts for treating large and ischemic defects. Modular tissue engineering approaches have promise in this application because of the ability to combine tissue types and to localize microenvironmental cues to drive desired cell function. In direct bone formation approaches, it is challenging to maintain sustained osteogenic activity, since vasculogenic cues can inhibit tissue mineralization. This study harnessed the physiological process of endochondral ossification to create multiphase tissues that allowed concomitant mineralization and vessel formation. Mesenchymal stromal cells in pellet culture were differentiated toward a cartilage phenotype, followed by induction to chondrocyte hypertrophy. Hypertrophic pellets exhibited increased alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and osteogenic gene expression relative to chondrogenic pellets. In addition, hypertrophic pellets secreted and sequestered angiogenic factors, and supported new blood vessel formation by co-cultured endothelial cells and undifferentiated stromal cells. Multiphase constructs created by combining hypertrophic pellets and vascularizing microtissues and maintained in unsupplemented basal culture medium were shown to support robust vascularization and sustained tissue mineralization. These results demonstrate a new in vitro strategy to produce multiphase engineered constructs that concomitantly support the generation of mineralize and vascularized tissue in the absence of exogenous osteogenic or vasculogenic medium supplements.
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Tan Y, Fan S, Wu X, Liu M, Dai T, Liu C, Ni S, Wang J, Yuan X, Zhao H, Weng Y. Fabrication of a three-dimensional printed gelatin/sodium alginate/nano-attapulgite composite polymer scaffold loaded with leonurine hydrochloride and its effects on osteogenesis and vascularization. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126028. [PMID: 37506787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering scaffolds have made significant progress in treating bone defects in recent decades. However, the lack of a vascular network within the scaffold limits bone formation after implantation in vivo. Recent research suggests that leonurine hydrochloride (LH) can promote healing in full-thickness cutaneous wounds by increasing vessel formation and collagen deposition. Gelatin and Sodium Alginate are both polymers. ATP is a magnesium silicate chain mineral. In this study, a Gelatin/Sodium Alginate/Nano-Attapulgite composite hydrogel was used as the base material first, and the Gelatin/Sodium Alginate/Nano-Attapulgite composite polymer scaffold loaded with LH was then created using 3D printing technology. Finally, LH was grafted onto the base material by an amide reaction to construct a scaffold loaded with LH to achieve long-term LH release. When compared to pure polymer scaffolds, in vitro results showed that LH-loaded scaffolds promoted the differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts, as evidenced by increased expression of osteogenic key genes. The results of in vivo tissue staining revealed that the drug-loaded scaffold promoted both angiogenesis and bone formation. Collectively, these findings suggest that LH-loaded Gelatin/Sodium Alginate/Nano-Attapulgite composite hydrogel scaffolds are a potential therapeutic strategy and can assist bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shijie Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Menggege Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Ting Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Su Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Xiuchen Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Yiping Weng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China; Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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Palumbo C, Sisi F, Checchi M. CAM Model: Intriguing Natural Bioreactor for Sustainable Research and Reliable/Versatile Testing. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1219. [PMID: 37759618 PMCID: PMC10525291 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
We are witnessing the revival of the CAM model, which has already used been in the past by several researchers studying angiogenesis and anti-cancer drugs and now offers a refined model to fill, in the translational meaning, the gap between in vitro and in vivo studies. It can be used for a wide range of purposes, from testing cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, tumorigenesis, and invasion to the action mechanisms of molecules and validation of new materials from tissue engineering research. The CAM model is easy to use, with a fast outcome, and makes experimental research more sustainable since it allows us to replace, reduce, and refine pre-clinical experimentation ("3Rs" rules). This review aims to highlight some unique potential that the CAM-assay presents; in particular, the authors intend to use the CAM model in the future to verify, in a microenvironment comparable to in vivo conditions, albeit simplified, the angiogenic ability of functionalized 3D constructs to be used in regenerative medicine strategies in the recovery of skeletal injuries of critical size (CSD) that do not repair spontaneously. For this purpose, organotypic cultures will be planned on several CAMs set up in temporal sequences, and a sort of organ model for assessing CSD will be utilized in the CAM bioreactor rather than in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Checchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia—Largo del Pozzo, 41124 Modena, Italy
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Luo L, Liu L, Ding Y, Dong Y, Ma M. Advances in biomimetic hydrogels for organoid culture. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:9675-9686. [PMID: 37455615 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01274c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
An organoid is a 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture system that mimics the structural and functional characteristics of organs, and it has promising applications in regenerative medicine, precision drug screening and personalised therapy. However, current culture techniques of organoids usually use mouse tumour-derived scaffolds (Matrigel) or other animal-derived decellularised extracellular matrices as culture systems with poorly defined components and undefined chemical and physical properties, which limit the growth of organoids and the reproducibility of culture conditions. In contrast, some synthetic culture materials have emerged in recent years with well-defined compositions, and flexible adjustment and optimisation of physical and chemical properties, which can effectively support organoid growth and development and prolong survival time of organoid in vitro. In this review, we will introduce the challenge of animal-derived decellularised extracellular matrices in organoid culture, and summarise the categories of biomimetic hydrogels currently used for organoid culture, and then discuss the future opportunities and perspectives in the development of advanced hydrogels in organoids. We hope that this review can promote academic communication in the field of organoid research and provide some assistance in advancing the development of organoid cultivation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Libing Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Yuxuan Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Yixuan Dong
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
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8
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You J, Liu M, Li M, Zhai S, Quni S, Zhang L, Liu X, Jia K, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. The Role of HIF-1α in Bone Regeneration: A New Direction and Challenge in Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098029. [PMID: 37175732 PMCID: PMC10179302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of repairing significant bone defects requires the recruitment of a considerable number of cells for osteogenesis-related activities, which implies the consumption of a substantial amount of oxygen and nutrients. Therefore, the limited supply of nutrients and oxygen at the defect site is a vital constraint that affects the regenerative effect, which is closely related to the degree of a well-established vascular network. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), which is an essential transcription factor activated in hypoxic environments, plays a vital role in vascular network construction. HIF-1α, which plays a central role in regulating cartilage and bone formation, induces vascular invasion and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells to promote and maintain extracellular matrix production by mediating the adaptive response of cells to changes in oxygen levels. However, the application of HIF-1α in bone tissue engineering is still controversial. As such, clarifying the function of HIF-1α in regulating the bone regeneration process is one of the urgent issues that need to be addressed. This review provides insight into the mechanisms of HIF-1α action in bone regeneration and related recent advances. It also describes current strategies for applying hypoxia induction and hypoxia mimicry in bone tissue engineering, providing theoretical support for the use of HIF-1α in establishing a novel and feasible bone repair strategy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian You
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Manxuan Liu
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Minghui Li
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shaobo Zhai
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Sezhen Quni
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiuyu Liu
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kewen Jia
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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9
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Ahmed TA, Eldaly B, Eldosuky S, Elkhenany H, El-Derby AM, Elshazly MF, El-Badri N. The interplay of cells, polymers, and vascularization in three-dimensional lung models and their applications in COVID-19 research and therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:114. [PMID: 37118810 PMCID: PMC10144893 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of people have been affected ever since the emergence of the corona virus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, leading to an urgent need for antiviral drug and vaccine development. Current experimentation on traditional two-dimensional culture (2D) fails to accurately mimic the in vivo microenvironment for the disease, while in vivo animal model testing does not faithfully replicate human COVID-19 infection. Human-based three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models such as spheroids, organoids, and organ-on-a-chip present a promising solution to these challenges. In this report, we review the recent 3D in vitro lung models used in COVID-19 infection and drug screening studies and highlight the most common types of natural and synthetic polymers used to generate 3D lung models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toka A Ahmed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza, 12582, Egypt
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassant Eldaly
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza, 12582, Egypt
| | - Shadwa Eldosuky
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza, 12582, Egypt
| | - Hoda Elkhenany
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 22785, Egypt
| | - Azza M El-Derby
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza, 12582, Egypt
| | - Muhamed F Elshazly
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza, 12582, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October City, Giza, 12582, Egypt.
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10
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de Silva L, Bernal PN, Rosenberg A, Malda J, Levato R, Gawlitta D. Biofabricating the vascular tree in engineered bone tissue. Acta Biomater 2023; 156:250-268. [PMID: 36041651 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of tissue engineering strategies for treatment of large bone defects has become increasingly relevant, given the growing demand for bone substitutes. Native bone is composed of a dense vascular network necessary for the regulation of bone development, regeneration and homeostasis. A major obstacle in fabricating living, clinically relevant-sized bone mimics (1-10 cm3) is the limited supply of nutrients, including oxygen to the core of the construct. Therefore, strategies to support vascularization are pivotal for the development of tissue engineered bone constructs. Creating a functional bone construct integrated with a vascular network, capable of delivering the necessary nutrients for optimal tissue development is imperative for translation into the clinics. The vascular system is composed of a complex network that runs throughout the body in a tree-like hierarchical branching fashion. A significant challenge for tissue engineering approaches lies in mimicking the intricate, multi-scale structures consisting of larger vessels (macro-vessels) which interconnect with multiple sprouting vessels (microvessels) in a closed network. The advent of biofabrication has enabled complex, out of plane channels to be generated and has laid the groundwork for the creation of multi-scale vasculature in recent years. This review highlights the key state-of-the-art achievements for the development of vascular networks of varying scales in the field of biofabrication with a particular focus for its application in developing a functional tissue engineered bone construct. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is a growing need for bone substitutes to overcome the limited supply of patient-derived bone. Bone tissue engineering aims to overcome this by combining stem cells with scaffolds to restore missing bone. The current bottleneck in upscaling is the lack of an integrated vascular network, required for the delivery of nutrients to cells. 3D bioprinting techniques has enabled the creation of complex hollow structures of varying dimensions that resemble native blood vessels. The convergence of multiple materials, cell types and fabrication approaches, opens the possibility of developing clinically-relevant sized vascularized bone constructs. This review provides an up-to-date insight of the technologies currently available for the generation of complex vascular networks, with a focus on their application in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne de Silva
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands.
| | - Paulina N Bernal
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Ajw Rosenberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Jos Malda
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Levato
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands
| | - Debby Gawlitta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery & Special Dental Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, 3508 GA, the Netherlands; Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CT, the Netherlands
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11
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Wang X, Chan V, Corridon PR. Acellular Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts from Polymers: Methods, Achievements, Characterization, and Challenges. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224825. [PMID: 36432950 PMCID: PMC9695055 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive and permanent damage to the vasculature leading to different pathogenesis calls for developing innovative therapeutics, including drugs, medical devices, and cell therapies. Innovative strategies to engineer bioartificial/biomimetic vessels have been extensively exploited as an effective replacement for vessels that have seriously malfunctioned. However, further studies in polymer chemistry, additive manufacturing, and rapid prototyping are required to generate highly engineered vascular segments that can be effectively integrated into the existing vasculature of patients. One recently developed approach involves designing and fabricating acellular vessel equivalents from novel polymeric materials. This review aims to assess the design criteria, engineering factors, and innovative approaches for the fabrication and characterization of biomimetic macro- and micro-scale vessels. At the same time, the engineering correlation between the physical properties of the polymer and biological functionalities of multiscale acellular vascular segments are thoroughly elucidated. Moreover, several emerging characterization techniques for probing the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered vascular grafts are revealed. Finally, significant challenges to the clinical transformation of the highly promising engineered vessels derived from polymers are identified, and unique perspectives on future research directions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (P.R.C.)
| | - Peter R. Corridon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (V.C.); (P.R.C.)
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12
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Schott NG, Vu H, Stegemann JP. Multimodular vascularized bone construct comprised of vasculogenic and osteogenic microtissues. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3284-3296. [PMID: 35922969 PMCID: PMC9547967 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioengineered bone designed to heal large defects requires concomitant development of osseous and vascular tissue to ensure engraftment and survival. Adult human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are promising in this application because they have demonstrated both osteogenic and vasculogenic potential. This study employed a modular approach in which cells were encapsulated in biomaterial carriers (microtissues) designed to support tissue-specific function. Osteogenic microtissues consisting of MSC embedded in a collagen-chitosan matrix; vasculogenic (VAS) microtissues consisted of endothelial cells and MSC in a fibrin matrix. Microtissues were precultured under differentiation conditions to induce appropriate MSC lineage commitment, and were then combined in a surrounding fibrin hydrogel to create a multimodular construct. Results demonstrated the ability of microtissues to support lineage commitment, and that preculture primes the microtissues for the desired function. Combination of osteogenic and vasculogenic microtissues into multimodular constructs demonstrated that osteogenic priming resulted in sustained osteogenic activity even when cultured in vasculogenic medium, and that vasculogenic priming induced a pericyte-like phenotype that resulted in development of a primitive vessel network in the constructs. The modular approach allows microtissues to be separately precultured to harness the dual differentiation potential of MSC to support both bone and blood vessel formation in a unified construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G. Schott
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Huy Vu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Jan P. Stegemann
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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13
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Wu Y, Li M, Su H, Chen H, Zhu Y. Up-to-date progress in bioprinting of bone tissue. Int J Bioprint 2022; 9:628. [PMID: 36636136 PMCID: PMC9830997 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v9i1.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The major apparatuses used for three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting include extrusion-based, droplet-based, and laser-based bioprinting. Numerous studies have been proposed to fabricate bioactive 3D bone tissues using different bioprinting techniques. In addition to the development of bioinks and assessment of their printability for corresponding bioprinting processes, in vitro and in vivo success of the bioprinted constructs, such as their mechanical properties, cell viability, differentiation capability, immune responses, and osseointegration, have been explored. In this review, several major considerations, challenges, and potential strategies for bone bioprinting have been deliberated, including bioprinting apparatus, biomaterials, structure design of vascularized bone constructs, cell source, differentiation factors, mechanical properties and reinforcement, hypoxic environment, and dynamic culture. In addition, up-to-date progress in bone bioprinting is summarized in detail, which uncovers the immense potential of bioprinting in re-establishing the 3D dynamic microenvironment of the native bone. This review aims to assist the researchers to gain insights into the reconstruction of clinically relevant bone tissues with appropriate mechanical properties and precisely regulated biological behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China,State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Corresponding author: Yang Wu ()
| | - Ming Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Su
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaying Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yonggang Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Khan HM, Liao X, Sheikh BA, Wang Y, Su Z, Guo C, Li Z, Zhou C, Cen Y, Kong Q. Smart biomaterials and their potential applications in tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6859-6895. [PMID: 36069198 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01106a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Smart biomaterials have been rapidly advancing ever since the concept of tissue engineering was proposed. Interacting with human cells, smart biomaterials can play a key role in novel tissue morphogenesis. Various aspects of biomaterials utilized in or being sought for the goal of encouraging bone regeneration, skin graft engineering, and nerve conduits are discussed in this review. Beginning with bone, this study summarizes all the available bioceramics and materials along with their properties used singly or in conjunction with each other to create scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. A quick overview of the skin-based nanocomposite biomaterials possessing antibacterial properties for wound healing is outlined along with skin regeneration therapies using infrared radiation, electrospinning, and piezoelectricity, which aid in wound healing. Furthermore, a brief overview of bioengineered artificial skin grafts made of various natural and synthetic polymers has been presented. Finally, by examining the interactions between natural and synthetic-based biomaterials and the biological environment, their strengths and drawbacks for constructing peripheral nerve conduits are highlighted. The description of the preclinical outcome of nerve regeneration in injury healed with various natural-based conduits receives special attention. The organic and synthetic worlds collide at the interface of nanomaterials and biological systems, producing a new scientific field including nanomaterial design for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Mohammed Khan
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Liao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Bilal Ahmed Sheikh
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yixi Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhixuan Su
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Chuan Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhengyong Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Changchun Zhou
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ying Cen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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15
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Kageyama T, Akieda H, Sonoyama Y, Sato K, Yoshikawa H, Isono H, Hirota M, Kitajima H, Chun YS, Maruo S, Fukuda J. Bone Beads Enveloped with Vascular Endothelial Cells for Bone Regenerative Medicine. Acta Biomater 2022:S1742-7061(22)00520-7. [PMID: 36030051 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The transplantation of pre-vascularized bone grafts is a promising strategy to improve the efficacy of engraftment and bone regeneration. We propose a hydrogel microbead-based approach for preparing vascularized and high-density tissue grafts. Mesenchymal stem cell-encapsulated collagen microgels (2 µL), termed bone beads, were prepared through spontaneous constriction, which improved the density of the mesenchymal stem cells and collagen molecules by more than 15-fold from the initial day of culture. Constriction was attributed to cell-attractive forces and involved better osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells than that of spheroids. This approach was scalable, and ∼2,000 bone beads were prepared semi-automatically using a liquid dispenser and spinner flask. The mechanical stimuli in the spinner flask further improved the osteogenic differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells in the bone beads compared with that in static culture. Vascular endothelial cells readily attach to and cover the surface of bone beads. The in vitro assembly of the endothelial cell-enveloped bone beads resulted in microchannel formation in the interspaces between the bone beads. Significant effects of endothelialization on in vivo bone regeneration were shown in rats with cranial bone defects. The use of endothelialized bone beads may be a scalable and robust approach for treating large bone defects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A unique aspect of this study is that the hMSC-encapsulated collagen microgels were prepared through spontaneous constriction, leading to the enrichment of collagen and cell density. This constriction resulted in favorable microenvironments for the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs, which is superior to conventional spheroid culture. The microgel beads were then enveloped with vascular endothelial cells and assembled to fabricate a tissue graft with vasculature in the interspaces among the beads. The significant effects of endothelialization on in vivo bone regeneration were clearly demonstrated in rats with cranial bone defects. We believe that microgel beads covered with vascular endothelial cells provide a promising approach for engineering better tissue grafts for bone-regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuto Kageyama
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, JAPAN; Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, JAPAN
| | - Hikaru Akieda
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, JAPAN
| | - Yukie Sonoyama
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, JAPAN
| | - Ken Sato
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama 338-8570, JAPAN
| | - Hiroshi Yoshikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-ohkubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama 338-8570, JAPAN
| | - Hitoshi Isono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, JAPAN
| | - Makoto Hirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Orthodontics, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Ura-fune, Minami-ku Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, JAPAN
| | - Hiroaki Kitajima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Orthodontics, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Ura-fune, Minami-ku Yokohama, Kanagawa 232-0024, JAPAN
| | - Yang-Sook Chun
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, KOREA
| | - Shoji Maruo
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, JAPAN
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, JAPAN; Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-0012, JAPAN.
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16
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Bonanini F, Kurek D, Previdi S, Nicolas A, Hendriks D, de Ruiter S, Meyer M, Clapés Cabrer M, Dinkelberg R, García SB, Kramer B, Olivier T, Hu H, López-Iglesias C, Schavemaker F, Walinga E, Dutta D, Queiroz K, Domansky K, Ronden B, Joore J, Lanz HL, Peters PJ, Trietsch SJ, Clevers H, Vulto P. In vitro grafting of hepatic spheroids and organoids on a microfluidic vascular bed. Angiogenesis 2022; 25:455-470. [PMID: 35704148 PMCID: PMC9519670 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-022-09842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With recent progress in modeling liver organogenesis and regeneration, the lack of vasculature is becoming the bottleneck in progressing our ability to model human hepatic tissues in vitro. Here, we introduce a platform for routine grafting of liver and other tissues on an in vitro grown microvascular bed. The platform consists of 64 microfluidic chips patterned underneath a 384-well microtiter plate. Each chip allows the formation of a microvascular bed between two main lateral vessels by inducing angiogenesis. Chips consist of an open-top microfluidic chamber, which enables addition of a target tissue by manual or robotic pipetting. Upon grafting a liver microtissue, the microvascular bed undergoes anastomosis, resulting in a stable, perfusable vascular network. Interactions with vasculature were found in spheroids and organoids upon 7 days of co-culture with space of Disse-like architecture in between hepatocytes and endothelium. Veno-occlusive disease was induced by azathioprine exposure, leading to impeded perfusion of the vascularized spheroid. The platform holds the potential to replace animals with an in vitro alternative for routine grafting of spheroids, organoids, or (patient-derived) explants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Delilah Hendriks
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Huili Hu
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen López-Iglesias
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Devanjali Dutta
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter J Peters
- The Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Clevers
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and University Medical Center, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Li J, Kim C, Pan CC, Babian A, Lui E, Young JL, Moeinzadeh S, Kim S, Yang YP. Hybprinting for musculoskeletal tissue engineering. iScience 2022; 25:104229. [PMID: 35494239 PMCID: PMC9051619 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review presents bioprinting methods, biomaterials, and printing strategies that may be used for composite tissue constructs for musculoskeletal applications. The printing methods discussed include those that are suitable for acellular and cellular components, and the biomaterials include soft and rigid components that are suitable for soft and/or hard tissues. We also present strategies that focus on the integration of cell-laden soft and acellular rigid components under a single printing platform. Given the structural and functional complexity of native musculoskeletal tissue, we envision that hybrid bioprinting, referred to as hybprinting, could provide unprecedented potential by combining different materials and bioprinting techniques to engineer and assemble modular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Carolyn Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, 416 Escondido Mall, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chi-Chun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, 416 Escondido Mall, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Aaron Babian
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis CA 95616, USA
| | - Elaine Lui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, 416 Escondido Mall, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Young
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seyedsina Moeinzadeh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sungwoo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive BMI 258, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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18
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Lin Z, Zhang X, Fritch MR, Li Z, Kuang B, Alexander PG, Hao T, Cao G, Tan S, Bruce KK, Lin H. Engineering pre-vascularized bone-like tissue from human mesenchymal stem cells through simulating endochondral ossification. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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Darie-Niță RN, Râpă M, Frąckowiak S. Special Features of Polyester-Based Materials for Medical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050951. [PMID: 35267774 PMCID: PMC8912343 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents current possibilities of using polyester-based materials in hard and soft tissue engineering, wound dressings, surgical implants, vascular reconstructive surgery, ophthalmology, and other medical applications. The review summarizes the recent literature on the key features of processing methods and potential suitable combinations of polyester-based materials with improved physicochemical and biological properties that meet the specific requirements for selected medical fields. The polyester materials used in multiresistant infection prevention, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as aspects covering environmental concerns, current risks and limitations, and potential future directions are also addressed. Depending on the different features of polyester types, as well as their specific medical applications, it can be generally estimated that 25–50% polyesters are used in the medical field, while an increase of at least 20% has been achieved since the COVID-19 pandemic started. The remaining percentage is provided by other types of natural or synthetic polymers; i.e., 25% polyolefins in personal protection equipment (PPE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Nicoleta Darie-Niță
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Maria Râpă
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Stanisław Frąckowiak
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology, 50-013 Wrocław, Poland;
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20
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Redenski I, Guo S, Machour M, Szklanny A, Landau S, Egozi D, Gabet Y, Levenberg S. Microcomputed Tomography-Based Analysis of Neovascularization within Bioengineered Vascularized Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:232-241. [PMID: 34905338 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering, evaluating newly formed vascular networks is considered a fundamental step in deciphering the processes underlying tissue development. Several common modalities exist to study vessel network formation and function. However, a proper methodology that allows through three-dimensional visualization of neovessels in a reproducible manner is required. Here, we describe in-depth exploration, visualization, and analysis of vessels within newly formed tissues by utilizing a contrast agent perfusion protocol and high-resolution microcomputed tomography. Bioengineered constructs consisting of porous, biocompatible, and biodegradable scaffolds are loaded with cocultures of adipose-derived microvascular endothelial cells (HAMECs) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and implanted in a rat femoral bundle model. After 14 days of in vivo maturation, we performed the optimized perfusion protocol to allow host penetrating vascular visualization and assessment within neotissues. Following high-resolution microCT scanning of DPSC:HAMEC explants, we performed the volumetric and spatial analysis of neovasculature. Eventually, the process was repeated with a previously published coculture system for prevascularization based on adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and HAMECs. Overall, our approach allows a comprehensive understanding of vessel organization during engraftment and development of neotissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idan Redenski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shaowei Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Majd Machour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ariel Szklanny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shira Landau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Dana Egozi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kaplan Hospital, Rehovot and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shulamit Levenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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21
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Dalisson B, Charbonnier B, Aoude A, Gilardino M, Harvey E, Makhoul N, Barralet J. Skeletal regeneration for segmental bone loss: Vascularised grafts, analogues and surrogates. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:37-55. [PMID: 34626818 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Massive segmental bone defects (SBD) are mostly treated by removing the fibula and transplanting it complete with blood supply. While revolutionary 50 years ago, this remains the standard treatment. This review considers different strategies to repair SBD and emerging potential replacements for this highly invasive procedure. Prior to the technical breakthrough of microsurgery, researchers in the 1960s and 1970s had begun to make considerable progress in developing non autologous routes to repairing SBD. While the breaktthrough of vascularised bone transplantation solved the immediate problem of a lack of reliable repair strategies, much of their prior work is still relevant today. We challenge the assumption that mimicry is necessary or likely to be successful and instead point to the utility of quite crude (from a materials technology perspective), approaches. Together there are quite compelling indications that the body can regenerate entire bone segments with few or no exogenous factors. This is important, as there is a limit to how expensive a bone repair can be and still be widely available to all patients since cost restraints within healthcare systems are not likely to diminish in the near future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review is significant because it is a multidisciplinary view of several surgeons and scientists as to what is driving improvement in segmental bone defect repair, why many approaches to date have not succeeded and why some quite basic approaches can be as effective as they are. While there are many reviews of the literature of grafting and bone repair the relative lack of substantial improvement and slow rate of progress in clinical translation is often overlooked and we seek to challenge the reader to consider the issue more broadly.
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22
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Ren J, Kohli N, Sharma V, Shakouri T, Keskin-Erdogan Z, Saifzadeh S, Brierly GI, Knowles JC, Woodruff MA, García-Gareta E. Poly-ε-Caprolactone/Fibrin-Alginate Scaffold: A New Pro-Angiogenic Composite Biomaterial for the Treatment of Bone Defects. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3399. [PMID: 34641215 PMCID: PMC8512525 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that a composite of 3D porous melt-electrowritten poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) coated throughout with a porous and slowly biodegradable fibrin/alginate (FA) matrix would accelerate bone repair due to its angiogenic potential. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the open pore structure of the FA matrix was maintained in the PCL/FA composites. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry showed complete coverage of the PCL fibres by FA, and the PCL/FA crystallinity was decreased compared with PCL. In vitro cell work with osteoprogenitor cells showed that they preferentially bound to the FA component and proliferated on all scaffolds over 28 days. A chorioallantoic membrane assay showed more blood vessel infiltration into FA and PCL/FA compared with PCL, and a significantly higher number of bifurcation points for PCL/FA compared with both FA and PCL. Implantation into a rat cranial defect model followed by microcomputed tomography, histology, and immunohistochemistry after 4- and 12-weeks post operation showed fast early bone formation at week 4, with significantly higher bone formation for FA and PCL/FA compared with PCL. However, this phenomenon was not extrapolated to week 12. Therefore, for long-term bone regeneration, tuning of FA degradation to ensure syncing with new bone formation is likely necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongyu Ren
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (J.R.); (G.I.B.); (M.A.W.)
| | - Nupur Kohli
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (N.K.); (V.S.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 1AL, UK
| | - Vaibhav Sharma
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (N.K.); (V.S.)
| | - Taleen Shakouri
- Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; (T.S.); (Z.K.-E.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Zalike Keskin-Erdogan
- Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; (T.S.); (Z.K.-E.); (J.C.K.)
| | - Siamak Saifzadeh
- Medical Engineering Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
| | - Gary I. Brierly
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (J.R.); (G.I.B.); (M.A.W.)
| | - Jonathan C. Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; (T.S.); (Z.K.-E.); (J.C.K.)
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Maria A. Woodruff
- Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; (J.R.); (G.I.B.); (M.A.W.)
| | - Elena García-Gareta
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London HA1 3UJ, UK; (N.K.); (V.S.)
- Division of Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; (T.S.); (Z.K.-E.); (J.C.K.)
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Dellaquila A, Le Bao C, Letourneur D, Simon‐Yarza T. In Vitro Strategies to Vascularize 3D Physiologically Relevant Models. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100798. [PMID: 34351702 PMCID: PMC8498873 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vascularization of 3D models represents a major challenge of tissue engineering and a key prerequisite for their clinical and industrial application. The use of prevascularized models built from dedicated materials could solve some of the actual limitations, such as suboptimal integration of the bioconstructs within the host tissue, and would provide more in vivo-like perfusable tissue and organ-specific platforms. In the last decade, the fabrication of vascularized physiologically relevant 3D constructs has been attempted by numerous tissue engineering strategies, which are classified here in microfluidic technology, 3D coculture models, namely, spheroids and organoids, and biofabrication. In this review, the recent advancements in prevascularization techniques and the increasing use of natural and synthetic materials to build physiological organ-specific models are discussed. Current drawbacks of each technology, future perspectives, and translation of vascularized tissue constructs toward clinics, pharmaceutical field, and industry are also presented. By combining complementary strategies, these models are envisioned to be successfully used for regenerative medicine and drug development in a near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dellaquila
- Université de ParisINSERM U1148X Bichat HospitalParisF‐75018France
- Elvesys Microfluidics Innovation CenterParis75011France
- Biomolecular PhotonicsDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of BielefeldBielefeld33615Germany
| | - Chau Le Bao
- Université de ParisINSERM U1148X Bichat HospitalParisF‐75018France
- Université Sorbonne Paris NordGalilée InstituteVilletaneuseF‐93430France
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Redenski I, Guo S, Machour M, Szklanny A, Landau S, Kaplan B, Lock RI, Gabet Y, Egozi D, Vunjak‐Novakovic G, Levenberg S. Engineered Vascularized Flaps, Composed of Polymeric Soft Tissue and Live Bone, Repair Complex Tibial Defects. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2008687. [DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202008687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Idan Redenski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Shaowei Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
- The First Affiliated Hospital Shantou University Medical College Shantou 515000 China
| | - Majd Machour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Ariel Szklanny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Shira Landau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Ben Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Roberta I. Lock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10032 USA
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv 6997801 Israel
| | - Dana Egozi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Kaplan Hospital Rehovot and the Hebrew University Jerusalem 7661041 Israel
| | | | - Shulamit Levenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel
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Qi J, Yu T, Hu B, Wu H, Ouyang H. Current Biomaterial-Based Bone Tissue Engineering and Translational Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10233. [PMID: 34638571 PMCID: PMC8508818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects cause significant socio-economic costs worldwide, while the clinical "gold standard" of bone repair, the autologous bone graft, has limitations including limited graft supply, secondary injury, chronic pain and infection. Therefore, to reduce surgical complexity and speed up bone healing, innovative therapies are needed. Bone tissue engineering (BTE), a new cross-disciplinary science arisen in the 21st century, creates artificial environments specially constructed to facilitate bone regeneration and growth. By combining stem cells, scaffolds and growth factors, BTE fabricates biological substitutes to restore the functions of injured bone. Although BTE has made many valuable achievements, there remain some unsolved challenges. In this review, the latest research and application of stem cells, scaffolds, and growth factors in BTE are summarized with the aim of providing references for the clinical application of BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Qi
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Tianqi Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China;
| | - Bangyan Hu
- Section of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China;
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou 310003, China
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26
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Dai Q, Li Q, Gao H, Yao L, Lin Z, Li D, Zhu S, Liu C, Yang Z, Wang G, Chen D, Chen X, Cao X. 3D printing of Cu-doped bioactive glass composite scaffolds promotes bone regeneration through activating the HIF-1α and TNF-α pathway of hUVECs. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5519-5532. [PMID: 34236062 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00870f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The increasing insight into the molecular and cellular processes within the angiogenic cascade assists in enhancing the survival and integration of engineered bone constructs. Copper-doped bioactive glass (Cu-BG) is now a potential structural component of the novel scaffolds and implants used in orthopedic and dental repairs. However, it is difficult for BG, especially micro-nano particles, to be printed into scaffolds and still retain its biological activity and ability to biodegrade. Additionally, the mechanisms of the copper-stimulating autocrine and paracrine effects of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) during repair and regeneration of bone are not yet clear. Therefore, in this study, we created monodispersed micro-nano spherical Cu-BG particles with varying copper content through a sol-gel process. Through in vitro tests, we found that Cu-BG enhanced angiogenesis by activating the pro-inflammatory environment and the HIF-1α pathway of hUVECs. Furthermore, 2Cu-BG diluted extracts directly promoted the osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. Then, a new 3D-printed tyramine-modified gelatin/silk fibroin/copper-doped bioactive glass (Gel/SF/Cu-BG) scaffold for rat bone defects was constructed, and the mechanism of the profound angiogenesis effect regulated by copper was explored in vivo. Finally, we found that hydrogel containing 1 wt% 2Cu-BG effectively regulated the spatiotemporal coupling of vascularization and osteogenesis. Therefore, Cu-BG-containing scaffolds have great potential for a wide range of bone defect repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China.
| | - Qingtao Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Huichang Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Longtao Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China.
| | - Zefeng Lin
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implants, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, P. R. China
| | - Dingguo Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China.
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China.
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, 510080, P. R. China
| | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China. and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China. and National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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27
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Roux BM, Vaicik MK, Shrestha B, Montelongo S, Stojkova K, Yang F, Guda T, Cinar A, Brey EM. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Networks Accelerate Vascularization But Not Bone Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 27:940-961. [PMID: 32924856 PMCID: PMC8336421 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is critical for engineering mineralized tissues. It has been previously shown that biomaterials containing preformed endothelial networks anastomose to host vasculature following implantation. However, the networks alone may not increase regeneration. In addition, a clinically applicable source of cells for vascularization is needed. In this study, vascular networks were generated from endothelial cells (ECs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Network formation by iPSC-ECs within fibrin gels was investigated in a mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) coculture spheroid model. Statistical design of experiments technique was evaluated for its predicting capability during the optimization of experimental parameters. The prevascularized units were combined with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles to develop a vascularized composite hydrogel that was implanted in a rodent critical-sized cranial defect model. Immunohistological staining for human-specific CD31 at week 1 indicated the presence and maintenance of the implanted vessels. At 8 weeks, the prevascularized systems resulted in higher vessel density over MSC-only scaffolds. The implanted vessels appeared to establish flow with host vasculature. While there was a slight increase in bone volume in the prevascularized bone construct compared to MSC-only bone constructs, there was not a profound increase in bone regeneration. These results show that scaffolds with network structures can be generated from ECs derived from iPSC and that the networks survive and inosculate with the host postimplantation in a bone model. Impact statement Vascularization is critical for engineering bone. Prevascularized scaffolds have been shown to improve postimplantation vascularization. Herein, vascularized networks were generated from induced pluripotent cells derived from endothelial cells. These vascularized units were combined with a fibrin/hydroxyapatite scaffold to develop a prevascularized construct for bone regeneration. Implantation of these scaffolds in a small animal cranial defect model resulted in network inosculation and increased vascularization, but exhibited only a limited effect on bone formation. This study provides insight into the challenges of generating vascularized bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M. Roux
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Marcella K. Vaicik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Binita Shrestha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Sergio Montelongo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Feipeng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Teja Guda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ali Cinar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Eric M. Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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28
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Gandhi JK, Heinrich L, Knoff DS, Kim M, Marmorstein AD. Alteration of fibrin hydrogel gelation and degradation kinetics through addition of azo dyes. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2357-2368. [PMID: 33973708 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin is a degradable biopolymer with an excellent clinical safety profile. Use of higher mechanical strength fibrin hydrogels is limited by the rapid rate of fibrin polymerization. We recently demonstrated the use of higher mechanical strength (fibrinogen concentrations >30 mg/ml) fibrin scaffolds for surgical implantation of cells. The rapid polymerization of fibrin at fibrinogen concentrations impaired our ability to scale production of these fibrin scaffolds. We serendipitously discovered that the azo dye Trypan blue (TB) slowed fibrin gelation kinetics allowing for more uniform mixing of fibrinogen and thrombin at high concentrations. A screen of closely related compounds identified similar activity for Evans blue (EB), an isomer of TB. Both TB and EB exhibited a concentration dependent increase in clot time, though EB had a larger effect. While gelation time was increased by TB or EB, overall polymerization time was unaffected. Scanning electron microscopy showed similar surface topography, but transmission electron microscopy showed a higher cross-linking density for gels formed with TB or EB versus controls. Based on these data we conclude that addition of TB or EB during thrombin mediated fibrin polymerization slows the initial gelation time permitting generation of larger more uniform fibrin hydrogels with high-mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarel K Gandhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lauren Heinrich
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - David S Knoff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Minkyu Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Materials Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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29
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Kohli N, Sharma V, Orera A, Sawadkar P, Owji N, Frost OG, Bailey RJ, Snow M, Knowles JC, Blunn GW, García-Gareta E. Pro-angiogenic and osteogenic composite scaffolds of fibrin, alginate and calcium phosphate for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211005610. [PMID: 33889382 PMCID: PMC8040555 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211005610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the limitations of bone autografts, we aimed to develop new composite biomaterials with pro-angiogenic and osteogenic properties to be used as scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications. We used a porous, cross-linked and slowly biodegradable fibrin/alginate scaffold originally developed in our laboratory for wound healing, throughout which deposits of calcium phosphate (CaP) were evenly incorporated using an established biomimetic method. Material characterisation revealed the porous nature and confirmed the deposition of CaP precursor phases throughout the scaffolds. MC3T3-E1 cells adhered to the scaffolds, proliferated, migrated and differentiated down the osteogenic pathway during the culture period. Chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay results showed that the scaffolds were pro-angiogenic and biocompatible. The work presented here gave useful insights into the potential of these pro-angiogenic and osteogenic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and merits further research in a pre-clinical model prior to its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Kohli
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Vaibhav Sharma
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alodia Orera
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Prasad Sawadkar
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nazanin Owji
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver G Frost
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Russell J Bailey
- The NanoVision Centre, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Martyn Snow
- Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 Plus NBM Global Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, UCL Campus, London, UK
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gordon W Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Elena García-Gareta
- Regenerative Biomaterials Group, The RAFT Institute & The Griffin Institute, Northwick Park & Saint Mark’s Hospital, London, UK
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
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30
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Smirani R, Rémy M, Devillard R, Naveau A. Engineered Prevascularization for Oral Tissue Grafting: A Systematic Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:383-398. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rawen Smirani
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratoire Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), U1026, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Murielle Rémy
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratoire Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), U1026, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Raphael Devillard
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratoire Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), U1026, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Adrien Naveau
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Laboratoire Bioingénierie Tissulaire (BioTis), U1026, CHU Bordeaux, 33000, Bordeaux, France
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31
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Abstract
Vascularization is a major hurdle in complex tissue and organ engineering. Tissues greater than 200 μm in diameter cannot rely on simple diffusion to obtain nutrients and remove waste. Therefore, an integrated vascular network is required for clinical translation of engineered tissues. Microvessels have been described as <150 μm in diameter, but clinically they are defined as <1 mm. With new advances in super microsurgery, vessels less than 1 mm can be anastomosed to the recipient circulation. However, this technical advancement still relies on the creation of a stable engineered microcirculation that is amenable to surgical manipulation and is readily perfusable. Microvascular engineering lays on the crossroads of microfabrication, microfluidics, and tissue engineering strategies that utilize various cellular constituents. Early research focused on vascularization by co-culture and cellular interactions, with the addition of angiogenic growth factors to promote vascular growth. Since then, multiple strategies have been utilized taking advantage of innovations in additive manufacturing, biomaterials, and cell biology. However, the anatomy and dynamics of native blood vessels has not been consistently replicated. Inconsistent results can be partially attributed to cell sourcing which remains an enigma for microvascular engineering. Variations of endothelial cells, endothelial progenitor cells, and stem cells have all been used for microvascular network fabrication along with various mural cells. As each source offers advantages and disadvantages, there continues to be a lack of consensus. Furthermore, discord may be attributed to incomplete understanding about cell isolation and characterization without considering the microvascular architecture of the desired tissue/organ.
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32
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Role of biomechanics in vascularization of tissue-engineered bones. J Biomech 2020; 110:109920. [PMID: 32827778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial based reconstruction is still the most commonly employed method of small bone defect reconstruction. Bone tissue-engineered techniques are improving, and adjuncts such as vascularization technologies allow re-evaluation of traditional reconstructive methods for healingofcritical-sized bone defect. Slow infiltration rate of vasculogenesis after cell-seeded scaffold implantation limits the use of clinically relevant large-sized scaffolds. Hence, in vitro vascularization within the tissue-engineered bone before implantation is required to overcome the serious challenge of low cell survival rate after implantation which affects bone tissue regeneration and osseointegration. Mechanobiological interactions between cells and microvascular mechanics regulate biological processes regarding cell behavior. In addition, load-bearing scaffolds demand mechanical stability properties after vascularization to have adequate strength while implanted. With the advent of bioreactors, vascularization has been greatly improved by biomechanical regulation of stem cell differentiation through fluid-induced shear stress and synergizing osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation in multispecies coculture cells. The benefits of vascularization are clear: avoidance of mass transfer limitation and oxygen deprivation, a significant decrease in cell necrosis, and consequently bone development, regeneration and remodeling. Here, we discuss specific techniques to avoid pitfalls and optimize vascularization results of tissue-engineered bone. Cell source, scaffold modifications and bioreactor design, and technique specifics all play a critical role in this new, and rapidly growing method for bone defect reconstruction. Given the crucial importance of long-term survival of vascular network in physiological function of 3D engineered-bone constructs, greater knowledge of vascularization approaches may lead to the development of new strategies towards stabilization of formed vascular structure.
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BMP9 exhibits dual and coupled roles in inducing osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:225099. [PMID: 32478395 PMCID: PMC7295632 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 9 (BMP9) is one of most potent BMPs in inducing osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recently, evidence has shown that osteogenesis and angiogenesis are coupled, however, it is unclear whether BMP9 induces MSC differentiation into endothelial-like cells and further promotes blood vessel formation. In the present study, we explored the potential of BMP9-induced angiogenic differentiation of MSCs, and the relationship between BMP9-induced osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of MSCs. Osteogenic activities and angiogenic differentiation markers were analyzed at mRNA and protein levels. In vivo osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of MSCs were tested by the ectopic bone formation model. We identified that adenoviral vectors effectively transduced in immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs) and expressed BMP9 with high efficiency. We found that BMP9 induces early and late osteogenic differentiation, and it up-regulated osteogenic marker expression in MSCs. Meanwhile, BMP9 induces angiogenic differentiation of MSCs via the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor a (VEGFa) and CD31 at both mRNA and protein levels. CD31-positive cells were also increased with the stimulation of BMP9. The ectopic bone formation tests found that BMP9-induced trabecular bone formation was coupled with the expression of blood vessel formation markers and sinusoid capillary formation. These findings suggest that BMP9 exhibits dual and coupled roles in inducing osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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Neves SC, Moroni L, Barrias CC, Granja PL. Leveling Up Hydrogels: Hybrid Systems in Tissue Engineering. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:292-315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Printability of External and Internal Structures Based on Digital Light Processing 3D Printing Technique. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030207. [PMID: 32121141 PMCID: PMC7150895 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The high printing efficiency and easy availability of desktop digital light processing (DLP) printers have made DLP 3D printing a promising technique with increasingly broad application prospects, particularly in personalized medicine. The objective of this study was to fabricate and evaluate medical samples with external and internal structures using the DLP technique. The influence of different additives and printing parameters on the printability and functionality of this technique was thoroughly evaluated. It was observed that the printability and mechanical properties of external structures were affected by the poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) concentration, plasticizers, layer height, and exposure time. The optimal printing solutions for 3D external and internal structures were 100% PEGDA and 75% PEGDA with 0.25 mg/mL tartrazine, respectively. And the optimal layer height for 3D external and internal structures were 0.02 mm and 0.05 mm, respectively. The optimal sample with external structures had an adequate drug-loading ability, acceptable sustained-release characteristics, and satisfactory biomechanical properties. In contrast, the printability of internal structures was affected by the photoabsorber, PEGDA concentration, layer height, and exposure time. The optimal samples with internal structures had good morphology, integrity and perfusion behavior. The present study showed that the DLP printing technique was capable of fabricating implants for drug delivery and physiological channels for in vivo evaluation.
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Shin Y, Becker ML. Alternating ring-opening copolymerization of epoxides with saturated and unsaturated cyclic anhydrides: reduced viscosity poly(propylene fumarate) oligomers for use in cDLP 3D printing. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00453g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A ring-opening copolymerization of propylene oxide with saturated and unsaturated anhydrides using Mg(BHT)2(THF)2 catalyst followed by an isomerization yields poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) oligomers with improved properties for 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Shin
- Department of Polymer Science
- The University of Akron
- Akron
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Matthew L. Becker
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Duke University
- Durham
- USA
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Belleghem SMV, Mahadik B, Snodderly KL, Fisher JP. Overview of Tissue Engineering Concepts and Applications. Biomater Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816137-1.00081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yao T, Chen H, Baker MB, Moroni L. Effects of Fiber Alignment and Coculture with Endothelial Cells on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 26:11-22. [PMID: 31774033 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is a critical process during bone regeneration. The lack of vascular networks leads to insufficient oxygen and nutrients supply, which compromises the survival of regenerated bone. One strategy for improving the survival and osteogenesis of tissue-engineered bone grafts involves the coculture of endothelial cells (ECs) with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Moreover, bone regeneration is especially challenging due to its unique structural properties with aligned topographical cues, with which stem cells can interact. Inspired by the aligned fibrillar nanostructures in human cancellous bone, we fabricated polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fibers with aligned and random morphology, cocultured human MSCs with human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs), and finally investigated how these two factors modulate osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs (hMSCs). After optimizing cell ratio, a hMSCs/HUVECs ratio (90:10) was considered to be the best combination for osteogenic differentiation. Coculture results showed that hMSCs and HUVECs adhered to and proliferated well on both scaffolds. The aligned structure of PCL fibers strongly influenced the morphology and orientation of hMSCs and HUVECs; however, fiber alignment was observed to not affect alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity or mineralization of hMSCs compared with random scaffolds. More importantly, cocultured cells on both random and aligned scaffolds had significantly higher ALP activities than monoculture groups, which indicated that coculture with HUVECs provided a larger relative contribution to the osteogenesis of hMSCs compared with fiber alignment. Taken together, we conclude that coculture of hMSCs with ECs is an effective strategy to promote osteogenesis on electrospun scaffolds, and aligned fibers could be introduced to regenerate bone tissues with oriented topography without significant deleterious effects on hMSCs differentiation. This study shows the ability to grow oriented tissue-engineered cocultures with significant increases in osteogenesis over monoculture conditions. Impact statement This work demonstrates an effective method of enhancing osteogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells on electrospun scaffolds through coculturing with endothelial cells. Furthermore, we provide the optimized conditions for cocultures on electrospun fibrous scaffolds and engineered bone tissues with oriented topography on aligned fibers. This study demonstrates promising findings for growing oriented tissue-engineered cocultures with significant increase in osteogenesis over monoculture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Yao
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Honglin Chen
- Institute for Life Science, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthew B Baker
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) Co-Culture with Osteogenic Cells: From Molecular Communication to Engineering Prevascularised Bone Grafts. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101602. [PMID: 31623330 PMCID: PMC6832897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of bone defects caused by trauma, infection or tumor resection is a major clinical orthopedic challenge. The application of bone grafts in orthopedic procedures is associated with a problem of inadequate vascularization in the initial phase after implantation. Meanwhile, the survival of cells within the implanted graft and its integration with the host tissue is strongly dependent on nutrient and gaseous exchange, as well as waste product removal, which are effectuated by blood microcirculation. In the bone tissue, the vasculature also delivers the calcium and phosphate indispensable for the mineralization process. The critical role of vascularization for bone healing and function, led the researchers to the idea of generating a capillary-like network within the bone graft in vitro, which could allow increasing the cell survival and graft integration with a host tissue. New strategies for engineering pre-vascularized bone grafts, that apply the co-culture of endothelial and bone-forming cells, have recently gained interest. However, engineering of metabolically active graft, containing two types of cells requires deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms of interaction between these cells. The present review focuses on the best-characterized endothelial cells-human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)-attempting to estimate whether the co-culture approach, using these cells, could bring us closer to development and possible clinical application of prevascularized bone grafts.
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40
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Qu H, Fu H, Han Z, Sun Y. Biomaterials for bone tissue engineering scaffolds: a review. RSC Adv 2019; 9:26252-26262. [PMID: 35531040 PMCID: PMC9070423 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05214c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering has been continuously developing since the concept of "tissue engineering" has been proposed. Biomaterials that are used as the basic material for the fabrication of scaffolds play a vital role in bone tissue engineering. This paper first introduces a strategy for literature search. Then, it describes the structure, mechanical properties and materials of natural bone and the strategies of bone tissue engineering. Particularly, it focuses on the current knowledge about biomaterials used in the fabrication of bone tissue engineering scaffolds, which includes the history, types, properties and applications of biomaterials. The effects of additives such as signaling molecules, stem cells, and functional materials on the performance of the scaffolds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Qu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Hongya Fu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Harbin 150030 China
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Lin Y, Huang S, Zou R, Gao X, Ruan J, Weir MD, Reynolds MA, Qin W, Chang X, Fu H, Xu HHK. Calcium phosphate cement scaffold with stem cell co-culture and prevascularization for dental and craniofacial bone tissue engineering. Dent Mater 2019; 35:1031-1041. [PMID: 31076156 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) mimic nanostructured bone minerals and are promising for dental, craniofacial and orthopedic applications. Vascularization plays a critical role in bone regeneration. This article represents the first review on cutting-edge research on prevascularization of CPC scaffolds to enhance bone regeneration. METHODS This article first presented the prevascularization of CPC scaffolds. Then the co-culture of two cell types in CPC scaffolds was discussed. Subsequently, to further enhance the prevascularization efficacy, tri-culture of three different cell types in CPC scaffolds was presented. RESULTS (1) Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) incorporation in CPC bone cement scaffold greatly enhanced cell affinity and bone prevascularization; (2) By introducing endothelial cells into the culture of osteogenic cells (co-culture of two different cell types, or bi-culture) in CPC scaffold, the bone defect area underwent much better angiogenic and osteogenic processes when compared to mono-culture; (3) Tri-culture with an additional cell type of perivascular cells (such as pericytes) resulted in a substantially enhanced prevascularization of CPC scaffolds in vitro and more new bone and blood vessels in vivo, compared to bi-culture. Furthermore, biological cell crosstalk and capillary-like structure formation made critical contributions to the bi-culture system. In addition, the pericytes in the tri-culture system substantially promoted stability and maturation of the primary vascular network. SIGNIFICANCE The novel approach of CPC scaffolds with stem cell bi-culture and tri-culture is of great significance in the regeneration of dental, craniofacial and orthopedic defects in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shuheng Huang
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Xianling Gao
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jianping Ruan
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Haijun Fu
- Department of Endodontics, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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Perfusion Bioreactor Culture of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Enhances Cranial Defect Regeneration. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 143:993e-1002e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Cai Z, Wan Y, Becker ML, Long YZ, Dean D. Poly(propylene fumarate)-based materials: Synthesis, functionalization, properties, device fabrication and biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2019; 208:45-71. [PMID: 30991217 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) is a biodegradable polymer that has been investigated extensively over the last three decades. It has led many scientists to synthesize and fabricate a variety of PPF-based materials for biomedical applications due to its controllable mechanical properties, tunable degradation and biocompatibility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress made in improving PPF synthesis, resin formulation, crosslinking, device fabrication and post polymerization modification. Further, we highlight the influence of these parameters on biodegradation, biocompatibility, and their use in a number of regenerative medicine applications, especially bone tissue engineering. In particular, the use of 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of PPF-based scaffolds is extensively reviewed. The recent invention of a ring-opening polymerization method affords precise control of PPF molecular mass, molecular mass distribution (ƉM) and viscosity. Low ƉM facilitates time-certain resorption of 3D printed structures. Novel post-polymerization and post-printing functionalization methods have accelerated the expansion of biomedical applications that utilize PPF-based materials. Finally, we shed light on evolving uses of PPF-based materials for orthopedics/bone tissue engineering and other biomedical applications, including its use as a hydrogel for bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Cai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Chevron Science Center, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States.
| | - Yong Wan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials, College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, United States
| | - Yun-Ze Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials, College of Physics, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China; Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong Province, China.
| | - David Dean
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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Zhang L, Yang G, Johnson BN, Jia X. Three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffold and material selection for bone repair. Acta Biomater 2019; 84:16-33. [PMID: 30481607 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Critical-sized bone defect repair remains a substantial challenge in clinical settings and requires bone grafts or bone substitute materials. However, existing biomaterials often do not meet the clinical requirements of structural support, osteoinductive property, and controllable biodegradability. To treat large-scale bone defects, the development of three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffolds has received considerable focus within bone engineering. A variety of biomaterials and manufacturing methods, including 3D printing, have emerged to fabricate patient-specific bioactive scaffolds that possess controlled micro-architectures for bridging bone defects in complex configurations. During the last decade, with the development of the 3D printing industry, a large number of tissue-engineered scaffolds have been created for preclinical and clinical applications using novel materials and innovative technologies. Thus, this review provides a brief overview of current progress in existing biomaterials and tissue engineering scaffolds prepared by 3D printing technologies, with an emphasis on the material selection, scaffold design optimization, and their preclinical and clinical applications in the repair of critical-sized bone defects. Furthermore, it will elaborate on the current limitations and potential future prospects of 3D printing technology. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: 3D printing has emerged as a critical fabrication process for bone engineering due to its ability to control bulk geometry and internal structure of tissue scaffolds. The advancement of bioprinting methods and compatible ink materials for bone engineering have been a major focus to develop optimal 3D scaffolds for bone defect repair. Achieving a successful balance of cellular function, cellular viability, and mechanical integrity under load-bearing conditions is critical. Hybridization of natural and synthetic polymer-based materials is a promising approach to create novel tissue engineered scaffolds that combines the advantages of both materials and meets various requirements, including biological activity, mechanical strength, easy fabrication and controllable degradation. 3D printing is linked to the future of bone grafts to create on-demand patient-specific scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325200, China
| | - Guojing Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325200, China
| | - Blake N Johnson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Abstract
The broad clinical use of synthetic vascular grafts for vascular diseases is limited by their thrombogenicity and low patency rate, especially for vessels with a diameter inferior to 6 mm. Alternatives such as tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), have gained increasing interest. Among the different manufacturing approaches, 3D bioprinting presents numerous advantages and enables the fabrication of multi-scale, multi-material, and multicellular tissues with heterogeneous and functional intrinsic structures. Extrusion-, inkjet- and light-based 3D printing techniques have been used for the fabrication of TEVG out of hydrogels, cells, and/or solid polymers. This review discusses the state-of-the-art research on the use of 3D printing for TEVG with a focus on the biomaterials and deposition methods.
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46
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Cao N, Song L, Liu W, Fan S, Jiang D, Mu J, Gu B, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Huang J. Prevascularized bladder acellular matrix hydrogel/silk fibroin composite scaffolds promote the regeneration of urethra in a rabbit model. Biomed Mater 2018; 14:015002. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aae5e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Roux BM, Akar B, Zhou W, Stojkova K, Barrera B, Brankov J, Brey EM. Preformed Vascular Networks Survive and Enhance Vascularization in Critical Sized Cranial Defects. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1603-1615. [PMID: 30019616 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular networks provide nutrients, oxygen, and progenitor cells that are essential for bone function. It has been proposed that a preformed vascular network may enhance the performance of engineered bone. In this study vascular networks were generated from human umbilical vein endothelial cell and mesenchymal stem cell spheroids encapsulated in fibrin scaffolds, and the stability of preformed vascular networks and their effect on bone regeneration were assessed in an in vivo bone model. Under optimized culture conditions, extensive vessel-like networks formed throughout the scaffolds in vitro. After vascular network formation, the vascularized scaffolds were implanted in a critical sized calvarial defect in nude rats. Immunohistochemical staining for CD31 showed that the preformed vascular networks survived and anastomosed with host tissue within 1 week of implantation. The prevascularized scaffolds enhanced overall vascularization after 1 and 4 weeks. Early bone formation around the perimeter of the defect area was visible in X-ray images of samples after 4 weeks. Prevascularized scaffolds may be a promising strategy for engineering vascularized bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M Roux
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. V.A. Hospital , Hines, Illinois
| | - Banu Akar
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois.,2 Research Service, Edward Hines, Jr. V.A. Hospital , Hines, Illinois
| | - Wei Zhou
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Katerina Stojkova
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Beatriz Barrera
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jovan Brankov
- 4 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Eric M Brey
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago, Illinois.,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas.,5 Research Service, Audie L. Murphy Memorial V.A. Hospital , San Antonio, Texas
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Wu W, Liu X, Zhou Z, Miller AL, Lu L. Three-dimensional porous poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffolds for tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2507-2517. [PMID: 29707898 PMCID: PMC9933994 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional structural scaffolds have played an important role in tissue engineering, especially broad applications in areas such as regenerative medicine. We have developed novel biodegradable porous poly(propylene fumarate)-co-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PPF-co-PLGA) scaffolds using thermally induced phase separation, and determined the effects of critical parameters such as copolymer concentration (6, 8, and 10 wt %) and the binary solvent ratio of dioxane:water (78/22, 80/20, 82/18 wt/wt %) on the fabrication process. The cloud-point temperatures of PPF-co-PLGA changed in parallel with increasing copolymer concentration, but inversely with increasing dioxane content. The compressive moduli of the scaffolds increased with greater weight composition and dioxane:water ratio. Scaffolds formed using high copolymer concentrations and solvent ratios exhibited preferable biomineralization. All samples showed biodegradation capability in both accelerated solution and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Cell toxicity testing indicated that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility with bone and nerve cells, which adhered well to the scaffolds. Variations in the copolymer concentration and solvent ratio exercised a remarkable influence on morphology, mechanical properties, biomineralization, and biodegradation, but not on the cell viability and adhesion of the cross-linked scaffolds. An 8 to 10 wt % solute concentration and 80/20 to 82/18 wt/wt dioxane:water ratio were the optimum parameters for scaffold fabrication. PPF-co-PLGA scaffolds thus possess several promising prospects for tissue engineering applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2507-2517, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA,Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Zifei Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - A. Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, MN, 55905, USA,Corresponding Author: Lichun Lu, Ph.D, Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA, Phone: (507)-284-2267, Fax: 507-284-5075,
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Cheng P, Li D, Gao Y, Cao T, Jiang H, Wang J, Li J, Zhang S, Song Y, Liu B, Wang C, Yang L, Pei G. Prevascularization promotes endogenous cell-mediated angiogenesis by upregulating the expression of fibrinogen and connective tissue growth factor in tissue-engineered bone grafts. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:176. [PMID: 29973254 PMCID: PMC6030739 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0925-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascularization is one of the most important processes in tissue-engineered bone graft (TEBG)-mediated regeneration of large segmental bone defects. We previously showed that prevascularization of TEBGs promoted capillary vessel formation within the defected site and accelerated new bone formation. However, the precise mechanisms and contribution of endogenous cells were not explored. METHODS We established a large defect (5 mm) model in the femur of EGFP+ transgenic rats and implanted a β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffold seeded with exogenous EGFP- cells; the femoral vascular bundle was inserted into the scaffold before implantation in the prevascularized TEBG group. Histopathology and scanning electron microscopy were performed and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and fibrin expression, exogenous cell survival, endogenous cell migration and behavior, and collagen type I and III deposition were assessed at 1 and 4 weeks post implantation. RESULTS We found that the fibrinogen content can be increased at the early stage of vascular bundle transplantation, forming a fibrin reticulate structure and tubular connections between pores of β-TCP material, which provides a support for cell attachment and migration. Meanwhile, CTGF expression is increased, and more endogenous cells can be recruited and promote collagen synthesis and angiogenesis. By 4 weeks post implantation, the tubular connections transformed into von Willebrand factor-positive capillary-like structures with deposition of type III collagen, and accelerated angiogenesis of endogenous cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that prevascularization promotes the recruitment of endogenous cells and collagen deposition by upregulating fibrinogen and CTGF, directly resulting in new blood vessel formation. In addition, this molecular mechanism can be used to establish fast-acting angiogenesis materials in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhen Cheng
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Li
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.,Hospital 463 of People's Liberation Army, Shenyang, 110042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqing Cao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimeng Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, The 251st Hospital of PLA, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Junqin Li
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Song
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoxian Pei
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Chen X, Zhao Y, Li X, Xiao Z, Yao Y, Chu Y, Farkas B, Romano I, Brandi F, Dai J. Functional Multichannel Poly(Propylene Fumarate)-Collagen Scaffold with Collagen-Binding Neurotrophic Factor 3 Promotes Neural Regeneration After Transected Spinal Cord Injury. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800315. [PMID: 29920990 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many factors contribute to the poor axonal regrowth and ineffective functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Biomaterials have been used for SCI repair by promoting bridge formation and reconnecting the neural tissue at the lesion site. The mechanical properties of biomaterials are critical for successful design to ensure the stable support as soon as possible when compressed by the surrounding spine and musculature. Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) scaffolds with high mechanical strength have been shown to provide firm spatial maintenance and to promote repair of tissue defects. A multichannel PPF scaffold is combined with collagen biomaterial to build a novel biocompatible delivery system coated with neurotrophin-3 containing an engineered collagen-binding domain (CBD-NT3). The parallel-aligned multichannel structure of PPF scaffolds guide the direction of neural tissue regeneration across the lesion site and promote reestablishment of bridge connectivity. The combinatorial treatment consisting of PPF and collagen loaded with CBD-NT3 improves the inhibitory microenvironment, facilitates axonal and neuronal regeneration, survival of various types of functional neurons and remyelination and synapse formation of regenerated axons following SCI. This novel treatment strategy for SCI repair effectively promotes neural tissue regeneration after transected spinal injury by providing a regrowth-supportive microenvironment and eventually induces functional improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Institute of Combined Injury; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine; College of Preventive Medicine; Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University); 30th Gaotanyan street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular; Developmental Biology; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular; Developmental Biology; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular; Developmental Biology; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 China
| | - Yuanjiang Yao
- Department of Neurobiology; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology; Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University); 30th Gaotanyan street Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Yun Chu
- Division of Nanobiomedicine; Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Balázs Farkas
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Via Morego 30 Genova 16163 Italy
| | - Ilaria Romano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Via Morego 30 Genova 16163 Italy
| | - Fernando Brandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Via Morego 30 Genova 16163 Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Via Moruzzi 1 Pisa 56124 Italy
| | - Jianwu Dai
- Institute of Combined Injury; State Key Laboratory of Trauma; Burns and Combined Injury; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine; College of Preventive Medicine; Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University); 30th Gaotanyan street Chongqing 400038 China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular; Developmental Biology; Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100101 China
- Department of Neurobiology; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology; Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University); 30th Gaotanyan street Chongqing 400038 China
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