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Biswas PK, Park J. Applications, challenges, and prospects of induced pluripotent stem cells for vascular disease. Mol Cells 2024; 47:100077. [PMID: 38825189 PMCID: PMC11260847 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular disease, including heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease, is one of the leading causes of death and disability and represents a significant global health issue. Since the development of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in 2007, hiPSCs have provided unique and tremendous opportunities for studying human pathophysiology, disease modeling, and drug discovery in the field of regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss vascular physiology and related diseases, the current methods for generating vascular cells (eg, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes) from hiPSCs, and describe the opportunities and challenges to the clinical applications of vascular organoids, tissue-engineered blood vessels, and vessels-on-a-chip. We then explore how hiPSCs can be used to study and treat inherited vascular diseases and discuss the current challenges and future prospects. In the future, it will be essential to develop vascularized organoids or tissues that can simultaneously undergo shear stress and cyclic stretching. This development will not only increase their maturity and function but also enable effective and innovative disease modeling and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polash Kumar Biswas
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24252, South Korea
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do 24252, South Korea; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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2
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Wang X, Li K, Yuan Y, Zhang N, Zou Z, Wang Y, Yan S, Li X, Zhao P, Li Q. Nonlinear Elasticity of Blood Vessels and Vascular Grafts. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3631-3654. [PMID: 38815169 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The transplantation of vascular grafts has emerged as a prevailing approach to address vascular disorders. However, the development of small-diameter vascular grafts is still in progress, as they serve in a more complicated mechanical environment than their counterparts with larger diameters. The biocompatibility and functional characteristics of small-diameter vascular grafts have been well developed; however, mismatch in mechanical properties between the vascular grafts and native arteries has not been accomplished, which might facilitate the long-term patency of small-diameter vascular grafts. From a point of view in mechanics, mimicking the nonlinear elastic mechanical behavior exhibited by natural blood vessels might be the state-of-the-art in designing vascular grafts. This review centers on elucidating the nonlinear elastic behavior of natural blood vessels and vascular grafts. The biological functionality and limitations associated with as-reported vascular grafts are meticulously reviewed and the future trajectory for fabricating biomimetic small-diameter grafts is discussed. This review might provide a different insight from the traditional design and fabrication of artificial vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zifan Zou
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shujie Yan
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, National Center for International Research of Micro-nano Molding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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3
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Yang Y, Feng H, Tang Y, Wang Z, Qiu P, Huang X, Chang L, Zhang J, Chen YE, Mizrak D, Yang B. Bioengineered vascular grafts with a pathogenic TGFBR1 variant model aneurysm formation in vivo and reveal underlying collagen defects. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg6298. [PMID: 38718134 PMCID: PMC11193908 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg6298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a life-threatening vascular disease frequently associated with underlying genetic causes. An inadequate understanding of human TAA pathogenesis highlights the need for better disease models. Here, we established a functional human TAA model in an animal host by combining human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), bioengineered vascular grafts (BVGs), and gene editing. We generated BVGs from isogenic control hiPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and mutant SMCs gene-edited to carry a Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS)-associated pathogenic variant (TGFBR1A230T). We also generated hiPSC-derived BVGs using cells from a patient with LDS (PatientA230T/+) and using genetically corrected cells (Patient+/+). Control and experimental BVGs were then implanted into the common carotid arteries of nude rats. The TGFBR1A230T variant led to impaired mechanical properties of BVGs, resulting in lower burst pressure and suture retention strength. BVGs carrying the variant dilated over time in vivo, resembling human TAA formation. Spatial transcriptomics profiling revealed defective expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) formation genes in PatientA230T/+ BVGs compared with Patient+/+ BVGs. Histological analysis and protein assays validated quantitative and qualitative ECM defects in PatientA230T/+ BVGs and patient tissue, including decreased collagen hydroxylation. SMC organization was also impaired in PatientA230T/+ BVGs as confirmed by vascular contraction testing. Silencing of collagen-modifying enzymes with small interfering RNAs reduced collagen proline hydroxylation in SMC-derived tissue constructs. These studies demonstrated the utility of BVGs to model human TAA formation in an animal host and highlighted the role of reduced collagen modifying enzyme activity in human TAA formation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I/metabolism
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I/genetics
- Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism
- Collagen/metabolism
- Blood Vessel Prosthesis
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/pathology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Rats, Nude
- Disease Models, Animal
- Rats
- Bioengineering
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Gene Editing
- Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/genetics
- Loeys-Dietz Syndrome/pathology
- Male
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ping Qiu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Xihua Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yuqing Eugene Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dogukan Mizrak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Jiao YC, Wang YX, Liu WZ, Xu JW, Zhao YY, Yan CZ, Liu FC. Advances in the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into vascular cells. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:137-150. [PMID: 38455095 PMCID: PMC10915963 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels constitute a closed pipe system distributed throughout the body, transporting blood from the heart to other organs and delivering metabolic waste products back to the lungs and kidneys. Changes in blood vessels are related to many disorders like stroke, myocardial infarction, aneurysm, and diabetes, which are important causes of death worldwide. Translational research for new approaches to disease modeling and effective treatment is needed due to the huge socio-economic burden on healthcare systems. Although mice or rats have been widely used, applying data from animal studies to human-specific vascular physiology and pathology is difficult. The rise of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provides a reliable in vitro resource for disease modeling, regenerative medicine, and drug discovery because they carry all human genetic information and have the ability to directionally differentiate into any type of human cells. This review summarizes the latest progress from the establishment of iPSCs, the strategies for differentiating iPSCs into vascular cells, and the in vivo transplantation of these vascular derivatives. It also introduces the application of these technologies in disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. Additionally, the application of high-tech tools, such as omics analysis and high-throughput sequencing, in this field is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chang Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing-Wen Xu
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu-Ying Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuan-Zhu Yan
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Mitochondrial Medicine Laboratory, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao 266103, Shandong Province, China
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fu-Chen Liu
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Research Institute of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
- Brain Science Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.
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Wang J, Zhang L, Wu G, Wu J, Zhou X, Chen X, Niu Y, Jiao Y, Liu Q, Liang P, Shi G, Wu X, Huang J. Correction of a CADASIL point mutation using adenine base editors in hiPSCs and blood vessel organoids. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:197-207. [PMID: 37164272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a monogenic small vessel disease caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene. However, the pathogenesis of CADASIL remains unclear, and patients have limited treatment options. Here, we use human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with CADASIL carrying a heterozygous NOTCH3 mutation (c.1261C>T, p.R421C) to develop a disease model. The correction efficiency of different adenine base editors (ABEs) is tested using the HEK293T-NOTCH3 reporter cell line. ABEmax is selected based on its higher efficiency and minimization of predicted off-target effects. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) differentiated from CADASIL hiPSCs show NOTCH3 deposition and abnormal actin cytoskeleton structure, and the abnormalities are recovered in corrected hiPSC-derived VSMCs. Furthermore, CADASIL blood vessel organoids generated for in vivo modeling show altered expression of genes related to disease phenotypes, including the downregulation of cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, and vessel development. The dual adeno-associated virus (AAV) split-ABEmax system is applied to the genome editing of vascular organoids with an average editing efficiency of 8.82%. Collectively, we present potential genetic therapeutic strategies for patients with CADASIL using blood vessel organoids and the dual AAV split-ABEmax system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Guanglan Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Jinni Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Yongxia Niu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Yiren Jiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Qianyi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Puping Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Guang Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China
| | - Xueqing Wu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China.
| | - Junjiu Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China; Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China.
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6
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Tscheuschner L, Tzafriri AR. Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Models for Atherosclerosis Treatment Development. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1373. [PMID: 38135964 PMCID: PMC10740643 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early years of tissue engineering, scientists focused on the generation of healthy-like tissues and organs to replace diseased tissue areas with the aim of filling the gap between organ demands and actual organ donations. Over time, the realization has set in that there is an additional large unmet need for suitable disease models to study their progression and to test and refine different treatment approaches. Increasingly, researchers have turned to tissue engineering to address this need for controllable translational disease models. We review existing and potential uses of tissue-engineered disease models in cardiovascular research and suggest guidelines for generating adequate disease models, aimed both at studying disease progression mechanisms and supporting the development of dedicated drug-delivery therapies. This involves the discussion of different requirements for disease models to test drugs, nanoparticles, and drug-eluting devices. In addition to realistic cellular composition, the different mechanical and structural properties that are needed to simulate pathological reality are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Tscheuschner
- Department of Vascular Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Abraham R. Tzafriri
- Department of Research and Innovation, CBSET Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA;
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Yugay Y, Tsydeneshieva Z, Rusapetova T, Grischenko O, Mironova A, Bulgakov D, Silant’ev V, Tchernoded G, Bulgakov V, Shkryl Y. Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Arabidopsis thaliana Cell Culture and Investigation of the Specificities of Their Biogenesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3604. [PMID: 37896067 PMCID: PMC10609744 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Over recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs), commonly termed exosomes, have gained prominence for their potential as natural nanocarriers. It has now been recognized that plants also secrete EVs. Despite this discovery, knowledge about EV biogenesis in plant cell cultures remains limited. In our study, we have isolated and meticulously characterized EVs from the callus culture of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana. Our findings indicate that the abundance of EVs in calli was less than that in the plant's apoplastic fluid. This difference was associated with the transcriptional downregulation of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) genes in the calli cells. While salicylic acid increased the expression of ESCRT components, it did not enhance EV production. Notably, EVs from calli contained proteins essential for cell wall biogenesis and defense mechanisms, as well as microRNAs consistent with those found in intact plants. This suggests that plant cell cultures could serve as a feasible source of EVs that reflect the characteristics of the parent plant species. However, further research is essential to determine the optimal conditions for efficient EV production in these cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Yugay
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Zhargalma Tsydeneshieva
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Tatiana Rusapetova
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Olga Grischenko
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Anastasia Mironova
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Dmitry Bulgakov
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Vladimir Silant’ev
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia;
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Galina Tchernoded
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Victor Bulgakov
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
| | - Yury Shkryl
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; (Z.T.); (T.R.); (O.G.); (A.M.); (D.B.); (G.T.); (V.B.)
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Ji J, Xu H, Li C, Luo J. Small-Caliber Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts Based on Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Progress and Challenges. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2023; 29:441-455. [PMID: 36884294 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Small-caliber tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs, luminal diameter <6 mm) are promising therapies for coronary or peripheral artery bypassing surgeries or emergency treatments of vascular trauma, and a robust seed cell source is required for scalable manufacturing of small-caliber TEVGs with robust mechanical strength and bioactive endothelium in future. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could serve as a robust cell source to derive functional vascular seed cells and potentially lead to generation of immunocompatible engineered vascular tissues. Up to date, this rising field of small-caliber hiPSC-derived TEVG (hiPSC-TEVG) research has received increasing attention and achieved significant progress. Implantable, small-caliber, hiPSC-TEVGs have been generated. These hiPSC-TEVGs displayed rupture pressure and suture retention strength approaching to those of human native saphenous veins, with vessel wall decellularized and luminal surface endothelialized with monolayer of hiPSC-endothelial cells. Meanwhile, a series of challenges remain in this field, including functional maturity of hiPSC-derived vascular cells, poor elastogenesis, suboptimal efficiency of obtaining hiPSC-derived seed cells, and relative low ready availability of hiPSC-TEVGs, which are waiting to be addressed. This review is conceived to introduce representative achievements and challenges in small-caliber TEVG generation using hiPSCs, and encapsulate the potential solution and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ji
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongju Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiesi Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Xiang Y, Yan J, Bao X, Gleadall A, Roach P, Sun T. Evaluation of Polymeric Particles for Modular Tissue Cultures in Developmental Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065234. [PMID: 36982306 PMCID: PMC10049291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental engineering (DE) aims to culture mammalian cells on corresponding modular scaffolds (scale: micron to millimeter), then assemble these into functional tissues imitating natural developmental biology processes. This research intended to investigate the influences of polymeric particles on modular tissue cultures. When poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and polystyrene (PS) particles (diameter: 5-100 µm) were fabricated and submerged in culture medium in tissue culture plastics (TCPs) for modular tissue cultures, the majority of adjacent PMMA, some PLA but no PS particles aggregated. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) could be directly seeded onto large (diameter: 30-100 µm) PMMA particles, but not small (diameter: 5-20 µm) PMMA, nor all the PLA and PS particles. During tissue cultures, HDFs migrated from the TCPs surfaces onto all the particles, while the clustered PMMA or PLA particles were colonized by HDFs into modular tissues with varying sizes. Further comparisons revealed that HDFs utilized the same cell bridging and stacking strategies to colonize single or clustered polymeric particles, and the finely controlled open pores, corners and gaps on 3D-printed PLA discs. These observed cell-scaffold interactions, which were then used to evaluate the adaptation of microcarrier-based cell expansion technologies for modular tissue manufacturing in DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Jiongyi Yan
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Xujin Bao
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Andrew Gleadall
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Paul Roach
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
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10
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Yang Y, Zheng W, Tan W, Wu X, Dai Z, Li Z, Yan Z, Ji Y, Wang Y, Su W, Zhong S, Li Y, Sun Y, Li S, Huang W. Injectable MMP1-sensitive microspheres with spatiotemporally controlled exosome release promote neovascularized bone healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:321-336. [PMID: 36481504 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) can recruit stem cells for bone repair, with neovessels serving as the main migratory channel for stem cells to the injury site. However, existing exosome (Exo) delivery strategies cannot reach the angiogenesis phase following bone injury. To that end, an enzyme-sensitive Exo delivery material that responds to neovessel formation during the angiogenesis phase was designed in the present study to achieve spatiotemporally controlled Exo release. Herein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) was found to be highly expressed in neovascularized bone; as a result, we proposed an injectable MMP1-sensitive hydrogel microspheres (KGE) made using a microfluidic chip prepared by mixing self-assembling peptide (KLDL-MMP1), GelMA, and BMSC-Exos. The results revealed that KGE microspheres had a uniform diameter of 50-70 µm, ideal for minimally invasive injection and could release exosomes in response to MMP1 expression. In vitro experiments demonstrated that KGE had less cytotoxicity and could promote the migration and osteodifferentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed that KGE could promote bone repair during angiogenesis by recruiting CD90+ stem cells via neovessels. Collectively, our results suggest that injectable enzyme-responsive KGE microspheres could be a promising Exo-secreting material for accelerating neovascularized bone healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Exosomes can spread through blood vessels and activate stem cells to participate in bone repair, but under normal circumstances, exosomes lacking sustained-release delivery materials cannot be maintained until the angiogenesis phase. In this study, we found that MMP1 was highly expressed in neovascularized bone, then we proposed an MMP1-sensitive injectable microsphere that carries exosomes and responds temporally and spatially to neovascularization, which maximizes the ability of exosomes to recruit stem cells. Different from previous strategies that focus on promoting angiogenesis to accelerate bone healing, this is a brand new delivery strategy that is stimuli-responsive to neovessel formation. In addition, the preparation of self-assembled peptide microspheres by a microfluidic chip is also proposed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weihan Zheng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zhenning Dai
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research and Development, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Ziyue Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zi Yan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuelun Ji
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weiwei Su
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shu Zhong
- Department of orthopedic, Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan 523058, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yongjian Sun
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Shiyu Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Wenhua Huang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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11
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Meijer EM, Koch SE, van Dijk CGM, Maas RGC, Chrifi I, Szymczyk W, Besseling PJ, Pomp L, Koomen VJCH, Buikema JW, Bouten CVC, Verhaar MC, Smits AIPM, Cheng C. 3D Human iPSC Blood Vessel Organoids as a Source of Flow-Adaptive Vascular Cells for Creating a Human-Relevant 3D-Scaffold Based Macrovessel Model. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200137. [PMID: 36300913 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
3D-scaffold based in vitro human tissue models accelerate disease studies and screening of pharmaceutics while improving the clinical translation of findings. Here is reported the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived vascular organoid cells as a new cell source for the creation of an electrospun polycaprolactone-bisurea (PCL-BU) 3D-scaffold-based, perfused human macrovessel model. A separation protocol is developed to obtain monocultures of organoid-derived endothelial cells (ODECs) and mural cells (ODMCs) from hiPSC vascular organoids. Shear stress responses of ODECs versus HUVECs and barrier function (by trans endothelial electrical resistance) are measured. PCL-BU scaffolds are seeded with ODECs and ODMCs, and tissue organization and flow adaptation are evaluated in a perfused bioreactor system. ODECs and ODMCs harvested from vascular organoids can be cryopreserved and expanded without loss of cell purity and proliferative capacity. ODECs are shear stress responsive and establish a functional barrier that self-restores after the thrombin challenge. Static bioreactor culture of ODECs/ODMCs seeded scaffolds results in a biomimetic vascular bi-layer hierarchy, which is preserved under laminar flow similar to scaffolds seeded with primary vascular cells. HiPSC-derived vascular organoids can be used as a source of functional, flow-adaptive vascular cells for the creation of 3D-scaffold based human macrovascular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elana M Meijer
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne E Koch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Christian G M van Dijk
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renee G C Maas
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ihsan Chrifi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech Szymczyk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Besseling
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Pomp
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Vera J C H Koomen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Buikema
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Division of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Dash BC, Korutla L, Vallabhajosyula P, Hsia HC. Unlocking the Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Wound Healing: The Next Frontier of Regenerative Medicine. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:622-638. [PMID: 34155919 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2021.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Nonhealing wounds are a significant burden for the health care system all over the world. Existing treatment options are not enough to promote healing, highlighting the urgent need for improved therapies. In addition, the current advancements in tissue-engineered skin constructs and stem cell-based therapies are facing significant hurdles due to the absence of a renewable source of functional cells. Recent Advances: Induced pluripotent stem cell technology (iPSC) is emerging as a novel tool to develop the next generation of personalized medicine for the treatment of chronic wounds. The iPSC provides unlimited access to various skin cells to generate complex personalized three-dimensional skin constructs for disease modeling and autologous grafts. Furthermore, the iPSC-based therapies can target distinct wound healing phases and have shown accelerating wound closure by enhancing angiogenesis, cell migration, tissue regeneration, and modulating inflammation. Critical Issues: Since the last decade, iPSC has been revolutionizing the field of wound healing and skin tissue engineering. Despite the current progress, safety and heterogeneity among iPSC lines are still major hurdles in addition to the lack of large animal studies. These challenges need to be addressed before translating an iPSC-based therapy to the clinic. Future Directions: Future considerations should be given to performing large animal studies to check the safety and efficiency of iPSC-based therapy in a wound healing setup. Furthermore, strategies should be developed to overcome variation between hiPSC lines, develop an efficient manufacturing process for iPSC-derived products, and generate complex skin constructs with vasculature and skin appendages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraja C Dash
- Department of Surgery (Plastic), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Laxminarayana Korutla
- Department of Surgery (Cardiac), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Prashanth Vallabhajosyula
- Department of Surgery (Cardiac), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Henry C Hsia
- Department of Surgery (Plastic), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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13
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Xu Y, Qi J, Zhou W, Liu X, Zhang L, Yao X, Wu H. Generation of ring-shaped human iPSC-derived functional heart microtissues in a Möbius strip configuration. Biodes Manuf 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) have been used for disease modeling and drug discovery, clinically relevant three-dimensional (3D) functional myocardial microtissues are lacking. Here, we developed a novel ring-shaped cardiac microtissue comprised of chamber-specific tissues to achieve a geometrically non-orientable ventricular myocardial band, similar to a Möbius loop. The ring-shaped cardiac tissue was constructed of hiPSC-CMs and human cardiac fibroblasts (hCFs) through a facile cellular self-assembly approach. It exhibited basic anatomical structure, positive cardiac troponin T (cTnT) immunostaining, regular calcium transients, and cardiac-like mechanical strength. The cardiac rings can be self-assembled and scaled up into various sizes with outstanding stability, suggesting their potential for precise therapy, pathophysiological investigation, and large-scale drug screening.
Graphic abstract
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14
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Mizrak D, Feng H, Yang B. Dissecting the Heterogeneity of Human Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms Using Single-Cell Transcriptomics. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:919-930. [PMID: 35708028 PMCID: PMC9339526 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition caused by weakening of the thoracic aorta wall, often developing silently until dissection or rupture occurs. Despite substantial efforts in the past decade, there have been no significant therapeutic advances to prevent or clinically manage diverse forms of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection with the only effective treatment being surgical repair. There is an urgent need to understand intra- and inter-aneurysmal heterogeneity underlying thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection pathogenesis. The human aortic wall consists of many cell types and exhibits significant regional heterogeneity. High-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing has emerged as the principal tool to reveal the complexity in human tissues and clinical specimens. Recent single-cell RNA sequencing studies of different aortic cell populations both in vivo and in vitro began to dissect this complexity and have provided valuable information. In this review, we summarize these findings and discuss the potential applications of single-cell transcriptomics and related high-content technologies in human thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection research, as well as the challenges associated with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dogukan Mizrak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (D.M., H.F., B.Y.)
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (D.M., H.F., B.Y.).,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China (H.F.)
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (D.M., H.F., B.Y.)
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15
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Fathi-Karkan S, Banimohamad-Shotorbani B, Saghati S, Rahbarghazi R, Davaran S. A critical review of fibrous polyurethane-based vascular tissue engineering scaffolds. J Biol Eng 2022; 16:6. [PMID: 35331305 PMCID: PMC8951709 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-022-00286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain polymeric materials such as polyurethanes (PUs) are the most prevalent class of used biomaterials in regenerative medicine and have been widely explored as vascular substitutes in several animal models. It is thought that PU-based biomaterials possess suitable hemo-compatibility with comparable performance related to the normal blood vessels. Despite these advantages, the possibility of thrombus formation and restenosis limits their application as artificial functional vessels. In this regard, various surface modification approaches have been developed to enhance both hemo-compatibility and prolong patency. While critically reviewing the recent advances in vascular tissue engineering, mainly PU grafts, this paper summarizes the application of preferred cell sources to vascular regeneration, physicochemical properties, and some possible degradation mechanisms of PU to provide a more extensive perspective for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fathi-Karkan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Banimohamad-Shotorbani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepideh Saghati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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16
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Ellis MW, Riaz M, Huang Y, Anderson CW, Luo J, Park J, Lopez CA, Batty LD, Gibson KH, Qyang Y. Epigallocatechin gallate facilitates extracellular elastin fiber formation in induced pluripotent stem cell derived vascular smooth muscle cells for tissue engineering. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 163:167-174. [PMID: 34979103 PMCID: PMC8920537 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineered vascular grafts possess several advantages over synthetic or autologous grafts, including increased availability and reduced rates of infection and thrombosis. Engineered grafts constructed from human induced pluripotent stem cell derivatives further offer enhanced reproducibility in graft production. One notable obstacle to clinical application of these grafts is the lack of elastin in the vessel wall, which would serve to endow compliance in addition to mechanical strength. This study establishes the ability of the polyphenol compound epigallocatechin gallate, a principal component of green tea, to facilitate the extracellular formation of elastin fibers in vascular smooth muscle cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Further, this study describes the creation of a doxycycline-inducible elastin expression system to uncouple elastin production from vascular smooth muscle cell proliferative capacity to permit fiber formation in conditions conducive to robust tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Colleen A Lopez
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Luke D Batty
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kimberley H Gibson
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Imaging: Electron Microscopy, Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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17
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Current Progress in Vascular Engineering and Its Clinical Applications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030493. [PMID: 35159302 PMCID: PMC8834640 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is caused by narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is widely used for the treatment of severe CHD cases. Although autologous vessels are a preferred choice, healthy autologous vessels are not always available; hence there is a demand for tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) to be used as alternatives. However, producing clinical grade implantable TEVGs that could healthily survive in the host with long-term patency is still a great challenge. There are additional difficulties in producing small diameter (<6 mm) vascular conduits. As a result, there have not been TEVGs that are commercially available. Properties of vascular scaffolds such as tensile strength, thrombogenicity and immunogenicity are key factors that determine the biocompatibility of TEVGs. The source of vascular cells employed to produce TEVGs is a limiting factor for large-scale productions. Advanced technologies including the combined use of natural and biodegradable synthetic materials for scaffolds in conjunction with the use of mesenchyme stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide promising solutions for vascular tissue engineering. The aim of this review is to provide an update on various aspects in this field and the current status of TEVG clinical applications.
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18
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Huang W, Huo M, Cheng N, Wang R. New Forms of Electrospun Nanofibers Applied in Cardiovascular Field. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:801077. [PMID: 35127862 PMCID: PMC8814313 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.801077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and the development of new materials have become the focus of attention this field, and electrospinning technology to prepare nanofibrous materials for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has attracted people's attention. Unlike previous reviews, this research enumerates the experimental methods and applications of electrospinning technology combined with nanofibrous materials in the directions of myocardial infarction repair, artificial heart valves, artificial blood vessels and cardiovascular patches from the perspective of cardiovascular surgery. In the end, this review also summarizes the limitations, unresolved technical challenges, and possible future directions of this technology for cardiovascular disease applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Huang
- Baotou Clinical Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengen Huo
- Institute of Poisons and Drugs, Beijing Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Rong Wang
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19
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Weekes A, Bartnikowski N, Pinto N, Jenkins J, Meinert C, Klein TJ. Biofabrication of small diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Acta Biomater 2022; 138:92-111. [PMID: 34781026 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Current clinical treatment strategies for the bypassing of small diameter (<6 mm) blood vessels in the management of cardiovascular disease frequently fail due to a lack of suitable autologous grafts, as well as infection, thrombosis, and intimal hyperplasia associated with synthetic grafts. The rapid advancement of 3D printing and regenerative medicine technologies enabling the manufacture of biological, tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) with the ability to integrate, remodel, and repair in vivo, promises a paradigm shift in cardiovascular disease management. This review comprehensively covers current state-of-the-art biofabrication technologies for the development of biomimetic TEVGs. Various scaffold based additive manufacturing methods used in vascular tissue engineering, including 3D printing, bioprinting, electrospinning and melt electrowriting, are discussed and assessed against the biomechanical and functional requirements of human vasculature, while the efficacy of decellularization protocols currently applied to engineered and native vessels are evaluated. Further, we provide interdisciplinary insight into the outlook of regenerative medicine for the development of vascular grafts, exploring key considerations and perspectives for the successful clinical integration of evolving technologies. It is expected that continued advancements in microscale additive manufacturing, biofabrication, tissue engineering and decellularization will culminate in the development of clinically viable, off-the-shelf TEVGs for small diameter applications in the near future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Current clinical strategies for the management of cardiovascular disease using small diameter vessel bypassing procedures are inadequate, with up to 75% of synthetic grafts failing within 3 years of implantation. It is this critically important clinical problem that researchers in the field of vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine aim to alleviate using biofabrication methods combining additive manufacturing, biomaterials science and advanced cellular biology. While many approaches facilitate the development of bioengineered constructs which mimic the structure and function of native blood vessels, several challenges must still be overcome for clinical translation of the next generation of tissue-engineered vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Weekes
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; Herston Biofabrication Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Services, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Nicole Bartnikowski
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, 4035, Australia.
| | - Nigel Pinto
- Herston Biofabrication Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Services, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia; Department of Vascular Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Jason Jenkins
- Herston Biofabrication Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Services, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia; Department of Vascular Surgery, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Christoph Meinert
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; Herston Biofabrication Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Services, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
| | - Travis J Klein
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia; School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia.
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20
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Blume C, Kraus X, Heene S, Loewner S, Stanislawski N, Cholewa F, Blume H. Vascular implants – new aspects for in situ tissue engineering. Eng Life Sci 2022; 22:344-360. [PMID: 35382534 PMCID: PMC8961049 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional synthetic vascular grafts require ongoing anticoagulation, and autologous venous grafts are often not available in elderly patients. This review highlights the development of bioartificial vessels replacing brain‐dead donor‐ or animal‐deriving vessels with ongoing immune reactivity. The vision for such bio‐hybrids exists in a combination of biodegradable scaffolds and seeding with immune‐neutral cells, and here different cells sources such as autologous progenitor cells or stem cells are relevant. This kind of in situ tissue engineering depends on a suitable bioreactor system with elaborate monitoring systems, three‐dimensional (3D) visualization and a potential of cell conditioning into the direction of the targeted vascular cell phenotype. Necessary bioreactor tools for dynamic and pulsatile cultivation are described. In addition, a concept for design of vasa vasorum is outlined, that is needed for sustainable nutrition of the wall structure in large caliber vessels. For scaffold design and cell adhesion additives, different materials and technologies are discussed. 3D printing is introduced as a relatively new field with promising prospects, for example, to create complex geometries or micro‐structured surfaces for optimal cell adhesion and ingrowth in a standardized and custom designed procedure. Summarizing, a bio‐hybrid vascular prosthesis from a controlled biotechnological process is thus coming more and more into view. It has the potential to withstand strict approval requirements applied for advanced therapy medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Blume
- Institute for Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Xenia Kraus
- Institute for Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Sebastian Heene
- Institute for Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Sebastian Loewner
- Institute for Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Nils Stanislawski
- Institute for Microelectronic Systems Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Fabian Cholewa
- Institute for Microelectronic Systems Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
| | - Holger Blume
- Institute for Microelectronic Systems Leibniz University Hannover Hannover Germany
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21
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Durán-Rey D, Crisóstomo V, Sánchez-Margallo JA, Sánchez-Margallo FM. Systematic Review of Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:771400. [PMID: 34805124 PMCID: PMC8595218 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.771400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathologies related to the cardiovascular system are the leading causes of death worldwide. One of the main treatments is conventional surgery with autologous transplants. Although donor grafts are often unavailable, tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) show promise for clinical treatments. A systematic review of the recent scientific literature was performed using PubMed (Medline) and Web of Science databases to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in TEVG development. The use of TEVG in human patients remains quite restricted owing to the presence of vascular stenosis, existence of thrombi, and poor graft patency. A total of 92 original articles involving human patients and animal models were analyzed. A meta-analysis of the influence of the vascular graft diameter on the occurrence of thrombosis and graft patency was performed for the different models analyzed. Although there is no ideal animal model for TEVG research, the murine model is the most extensively used. Hybrid grafting, electrospinning, and cell seeding are currently the most promising technologies. The results showed that there is a tendency for thrombosis and non-patency in small-diameter grafts. TEVGs are under constant development, and research is oriented towards the search for safe devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Durán-Rey
- Laparoscopy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Verónica Crisóstomo
- Cardiovascular Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain.,Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Sánchez-Margallo
- Bioengineering and Health Technologies Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisco M Sánchez-Margallo
- Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Scientific Direction, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, Cáceres, Spain
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22
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Devillard CD, Marquette CA. Vascular Tissue Engineering: Challenges and Requirements for an Ideal Large Scale Blood Vessel. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:721843. [PMID: 34671597 PMCID: PMC8522984 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.721843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering more than half a century ago, one obstacle has persisted: the in vitro creation of large-scale vascular tissue (>1 cm3) to meet the clinical needs of viable tissue grafts but also for biological research applications. Considerable advancements in biofabrication have been made since Weinberg and Bell, in 1986, created the first blood vessel from collagen, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. The synergistic combination of advances in fabrication methods, availability of cell source, biomaterials formulation and vascular tissue development, promises new strategies for the creation of autologous blood vessels, recapitulating biological functions, structural functions, but also the mechanical functions of a native blood vessel. In this review, the main technological advancements in bio-fabrication are discussed with a particular highlights on 3D bioprinting technologies. The choice of the main biomaterials and cell sources, the use of dynamic maturation systems such as bioreactors and the associated clinical trials will be detailed. The remaining challenges in this complex engineering field will finally be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé D Devillard
- 3d.FAB, CNRS, INSA, Univ Lyon, CPE-Lyon, UMR5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Christophe A Marquette
- 3d.FAB, CNRS, INSA, Univ Lyon, CPE-Lyon, UMR5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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23
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A therapeutic vascular conduit to support in vivo cell-secreted therapy. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:40. [PMID: 34326344 PMCID: PMC8322381 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant barrier to implementation of cell-based therapies is providing adequate vascularization to provide oxygen and nutrients. Here we describe an approach for cell transplantation termed the Therapeutic Vascular Conduit (TVC), which uses an acellular vessel as a scaffold for a hydrogel sheath containing cells designed to secrete a therapeutic protein. The TVC can be directly anastomosed as a vascular graft. Modeling supports the concept that the TVC allows oxygenated blood to flow in close proximity to the transplanted cells to prevent hypoxia. As a proof-of-principle study, we used erythropoietin (EPO) as a model therapeutic protein. If implanted as an arteriovenous vascular graft, such a construct could serve a dual role as an EPO delivery platform and hemodialysis access for patients with end-stage renal disease. When implanted into nude rats, TVCs containing EPO-secreting fibroblasts were able to increase serum EPO and hemoglobin levels for up to 4 weeks. However, constitutive EPO expression resulted in macrophage infiltration and luminal obstruction of the TVC, thus limiting longer-term efficacy. Follow-up in vitro studies support the hypothesis that EPO also functions to recruit macrophages. The TVC is a promising approach to cell-based therapeutic delivery that has the potential to overcome the oxygenation barrier to large-scale cellular implantation and could thus be used for a myriad of clinical disorders. However, a complete understanding of the biological effects of the selected therapeutic is absolutely essential.
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24
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Dash BC, Duan K, Kyriakides TR, Hsia HC. Integrin β3 targeting biomaterial preferentially promotes secretion of bFGF and viability of iPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle cells. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5319-5329. [PMID: 34190227 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00162k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived-vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMC) and their secretome have been shown to promote angiogenesis and wound healing. However, there is a paucity of research on how the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment may impact the hiPSC-VSMC's functions. In this study, we investigated the effect of specific ECM ligand-integrin interaction on hiPSC-VSMC's paracrine secretion, cell viability, and morphology. Here, we show precise modulation of hiPSC-VSMC in a fibronectin functionalized fibrillar collagen scaffold by targeting their integrin β3. The secretion of proangiogenic growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was found to be fibronectin-dependent via αvβ3 integrin interactions. In addition, our data show the possible role of a positive feedback loop between integrin β3, bFGF, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in regulating hiPSC-VSMC's morphology and cell viability. Finally, the secretome with enhanced bFGF shows potential for future wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraja C Dash
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Kaiti Duan
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - Themis R Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. and Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA and Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Henry C Hsia
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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25
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A Paradigm Shift in Tissue Engineering: From a Top–Down to a Bottom–Up Strategy. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9060935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) was initially designed to tackle clinical organ shortage problems. Although some engineered tissues have been successfully used for non-clinical applications, very few (e.g., reconstructed human skin) have been used for clinical purposes. As the current TE approach has not achieved much success regarding more broad and general clinical applications, organ shortage still remains a challenging issue. This very limited clinical application of TE can be attributed to the constraints in manufacturing fully functional tissues via the traditional top–down approach, where very limited cell types are seeded and cultured in scaffolds with equivalent sizes and morphologies as the target tissues. The newly proposed developmental engineering (DE) strategy towards the manufacture of fully functional tissues utilises a bottom–up approach to mimic developmental biology processes by implementing gradual tissue assembly alongside the growth of multiple cell types in modular scaffolds. This approach may overcome the constraints of the traditional top–down strategy as it can imitate in vivo-like tissue development processes. However, several essential issues must be considered, and more mechanistic insights of the fundamental, underpinning biological processes, such as cell–cell and cell–material interactions, are necessary. The aim of this review is to firstly introduce and compare the number of cell types, the size and morphology of the scaffolds, and the generic tissue reconstruction procedures utilised in the top–down and the bottom–up strategies; then, it will analyse their advantages, disadvantages, and challenges; and finally, it will briefly discuss the possible technologies that may overcome some of the inherent limitations of the bottom–up strategy.
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26
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Biomimetic tubular scaffold with heparin conjugation for rapid degradation in in situ regeneration of a small diameter neoartery. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120874. [PMID: 34051629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To address the clinical need for readily available small diameter vascular grafts, biomimetic tubular scaffolds were developed for rapid in situ blood vessel regeneration. The tubular scaffolds were designed to have an inner layer that is porous, interconnected, and with a nanofibrous architecture, which provided an excellent microenvironment for host cell invasion and proliferation. Through the synthesis of poly(spirolactic-co-lactic acid) (PSLA), a highly functional polymer with a norbornene substituting a methyl group in poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), we were able to covalently attach biomolecules onto the polymer backbone via thiol-ene click chemistry to impart desirable functionalities to the tubular scaffolds. Specifically, heparin was conjugated on the scaffolds in order to prevent thrombosis when implanted in situ. By controlling the amount of covalently attached heparin we were able to modulate the physical properties of the tubular scaffold, resulting in tunable wettability and degradation rate while retaining the porous and nanofibrous morphology. The scaffolds were successfully tested as rat abdominal aortic replacements. Patency and viability were confirmed through dynamic ultrasound and histological analysis of the regenerated tissue. The harvested tissue showed excellent vascular cellular infiltration, proliferation, and migration with laminar cellular arrangement. Furthermore, we achieved both complete reendothelialization of the vessel lumen and native-like media extracellular matrix. No signs of aneurysm or hyperplasia were observed after 3 months of vessel replacement. Taken together, we have developed an effective vascular graft able to generate small diameter blood vessels that can function in a rat model.
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27
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Gao X, Gao M, Gorecka J, Langford J, Liu J, Luo J, Taniguchi R, Matsubara Y, Liu H, Guo L, Gu Y, Qyang Y, Dardik A. Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell-Derived Smooth Muscle Cells Increase Angiogenesis to Treat Hindlimb Ischemia. Cells 2021; 10:792. [PMID: 33918299 PMCID: PMC8066461 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) represent an innovative, somatic cell-derived, easily obtained and renewable stem cell source without considerable ethical issues. iPSC and their derived cells may have enhanced therapeutic and translational potential compared with other stem cells. We previously showed that human iPSC-derived smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-SMC) promote angiogenesis and wound healing. Accordingly, we hypothesized that hiPSC-SMC may be a novel treatment for human patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia who have no standard options for therapy. We determined the angiogenic potential of hiPSC-SMC in a murine hindlimb ischemia model. hiPSC-SMC were injected intramuscularly into nude mice after creation of hindlimb ischemia. Functional outcomes and perfusion were measured using standardized scores, laser Doppler imaging, microCT, histology and immunofluorescence. Functional outcomes and blood flow were improved in hiPSC-SMC-treated mice compared with controls (Tarlov score, p < 0.05; Faber score, p < 0.05; flow, p = 0.054). hiPSC-SMC-treated mice showed fewer gastrocnemius fibers (p < 0.0001), increased fiber area (p < 0.0001), and enhanced capillary density (p < 0.01); microCT showed more arterioles (<96 μm). hiPSC-SMC treatment was associated with fewer numbers of macrophages, decreased numbers of M1-type (p < 0.05) and increased numbers of M2-type macrophages (p < 0.0001). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in ischemic limbs was significantly elevated with hiPSC-SMC treatment (p < 0.05), and inhibition of VEGFR-2 with SU5416 was associated with fewer capillaries in hiPSC-SMC-treated limbs (p < 0.0001). hiPSC-SMC promote VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, leading to improved hindlimb ischemia. Stem cell therapy using iPSC-derived cells may represent a novel and potentially translatable therapy for limb-threatening ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixiang Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University and Institute of Vascular Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; (X.G.); (L.G.); (Y.G.)
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Mingjie Gao
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Department of Vascular Ultrasound, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jolanta Gorecka
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - John Langford
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Jia Liu
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ryosuke Taniguchi
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yutaka Matsubara
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Department of Surgery and Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hao Liu
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Lianrui Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University and Institute of Vascular Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; (X.G.); (L.G.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yongquan Gu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University and Institute of Vascular Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; (X.G.); (L.G.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; (M.G.); (J.G.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (R.T.); (Y.M.); (H.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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28
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Generation and Encapsulation of Human iPSC-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells for Proangiogenic Therapy. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 33765244 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
iPSC technology is revolutionizing the field of regenerative medicine. The generation of patient-specific cells has huge potential for disease modeling as well as for clinical applications. iPSCs have been used as a renewable source of vascular cells, and in particular vascular smooth muscle cells. The use of these human iPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle cells is attractive for vascular tissue engineering. The cells are used in developing vascular grafts as well as in engineering disease models. Recent studies have shown the proangiogenic potentials of human iPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle cells in treating wounds. Here, we describe the VSMC differentiation protocol from human iPSCs and encapsulation methods in collagen scaffolds to promote proangiogenic potentials.
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29
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Njoroge W, Hernández ACH, Musa FI, Butler R, Harper AGS, Yang Y. The Combination of Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessel Constructs and Parallel Flow Chamber Provides a Potential Alternative to In Vivo Drug Testing Models. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030340. [PMID: 33807995 PMCID: PMC7998107 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death globally. This has led to significant efforts to develop new anti-thrombotic therapies or re-purpose existing drugs to treat cardiovascular diseases. Due to difficulties of obtaining healthy human blood vessel tissues to recreate in vivo conditions, pre-clinical testing of these drugs currently requires significant use of animal experimentation, however, the successful translation of drugs from animal tests to use in humans is poor. Developing humanised drug test models that better replicate the human vasculature will help to develop anti-thrombotic therapies more rapidly. Tissue-engineered human blood vessel (TEBV) models were fabricated with biomimetic matrix and cellular components. The pro- and anti-aggregatory properties of both intact and FeCl3-injured TEBVs were assessed under physiological flow conditions using a modified parallel-plate flow chamber. These were perfused with fluorescently labelled human platelets and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and their responses were monitored in real-time using fluorescent imaging. An endothelium-free TEBV exhibited the capacity to trigger platelet activation and aggregation in a shear stress-dependent manner, similar to the responses observed in vivo. Ketamine is commonly used as an anaesthetic in current in vivo models, but this drug significantly inhibited platelet aggregation on the injured TEBV. Atorvastatin was also shown to enhance EPC attachment on the injured TEBV. The TEBV, when perfused with human blood or blood components under physiological conditions, provides a powerful alternative to current in vivo drug testing models to assess their effects on thrombus formation and EPC recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjiku Njoroge
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (W.N.); (A.C.H.H.); (F.I.M.)
| | | | - Faiza Idris Musa
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (W.N.); (A.C.H.H.); (F.I.M.)
| | - Robert Butler
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Stoke Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 6QG, UK;
| | - Alan G. S. Harper
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffs ST5 5BG, UK
- Correspondence: (A.G.S.H.); (Y.Y.); Tel.: +44-17-8273-4654 (A.G.S.H.); +44-17-8267-4386 (Y.Y.)
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 7QB, UK; (W.N.); (A.C.H.H.); (F.I.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.S.H.); (Y.Y.); Tel.: +44-17-8273-4654 (A.G.S.H.); +44-17-8267-4386 (Y.Y.)
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30
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Shen M, Quertermous T, Fischbein MP, Wu JC. Generation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Methods, Applications, and Considerations. Circ Res 2021; 128:670-686. [PMID: 33818124 PMCID: PMC10817206 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The developmental origin of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) has been increasingly recognized as a major determinant for regional susceptibility or resistance to vascular diseases. As a human material-based complement to animal models and human primary cultures, patient induced pluripotent stem cell iPSC-derived VSMCs have been leveraged to conduct basic research and develop therapeutic applications in vascular diseases. However, iPSC-VSMCs (induced pluripotent stem cell VSMCs) derived by most existing induction protocols are heterogeneous in developmental origins. In this review, we summarize signaling networks that govern in vivo cell fate decisions and in vitro derivation of distinct VSMC progenitors, as well as key regulators that terminally specify lineage-specific VSMCs. We then highlight the significance of leveraging patient-derived iPSC-VSMCs for vascular disease modeling, drug discovery, and vascular tissue engineering and discuss several obstacles that need to be circumvented to fully unleash the potential of induced pluripotent stem cells for precision vascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengcheng Shen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Joseph C. Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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31
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Chen J, Zhang X, Millican R, Sherwood J, Martin S, Jo H, Yoon YS, Brott BC, Jun HW. Recent advances in nanomaterials for therapy and diagnosis for atherosclerosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 170:142-199. [PMID: 33428994 PMCID: PMC7981266 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by lipid accumulation in arteries, leading to narrowing and thrombosis. It affects the heart, brain, and peripheral vessels and is the leading cause of mortality in the United States. Researchers have strived to design nanomaterials of various functions, ranging from non-invasive imaging contrast agents, targeted therapeutic delivery systems to multifunctional nanoagents able to target, diagnose, and treat atherosclerosis. Therefore, this review aims to summarize recent progress (2017-now) in the development of nanomaterials and their applications to improve atherosclerosis diagnosis and therapy during the preclinical and clinical stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | | | | | - Sean Martin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Young-Sup Yoon
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Brigitta C Brott
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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32
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The Angiogenic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10050911. [PMID: 33652691 PMCID: PMC7956349 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization is regarded as a pre-requisite in successful tissue grafting of both hard and soft tissues alike. This study considers mesenchymal stem cells from hair follicle outer root sheath (MSCORS) as powerful tools with a neat angiogenic potential that could in the future have wide scopes of neo-angiogenesis and tissue engineering. Autologous MSCORS were obtained ex vivo by non-invasive plucking of hair and they were differentiated in vitro into both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), two crucial cellular components of vascular grafts. Assessment was carried out by immunostaining, confocal laser-scanning microscopy, gene expression analysis (qRT-PCR), quantitative analysis of anastomotic network parameters, and cumulative length quantification of immunostained α-smooth muscle actin-containing stress fibers (α -SMA). In comparison to adipose mesenchymal stem cells, MSCORS exhibited a significantly higher differentiation efficiency according to key quantitative criteria and their endothelial derivatives demonstrated a higher angiogenic potential. Furthermore, the cells were capable of depositing their own extracellular matrix in vitro in the form of a membrane-cell sheet, serving as a base for viable co-culture of endothelial cells and SMCs integrated with their autologous matrix. Differentiated MSCORS hereby provided a complex autologous cell-matrix construct that demonstrates vascularization capacity and can serve as a base for personalized repair grafting applications.
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33
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Cai Q, Liao W, Xue F, Wang X, Zhou W, Li Y, Zeng W. Selection of different endothelialization modes and different seed cells for tissue-engineered vascular graft. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2557-2568. [PMID: 33665496 PMCID: PMC7887299 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) have enormous potential for vascular replacement therapy. However, thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia are important problems associated with TEVGs especially small diameter TEVGs (<6 mm) after transplantation. Endothelialization of TEVGs is a key point to prevent thrombosis. Here, we discuss different types of endothelialization and different seed cells of tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Meanwhile, endothelial heterogeneity is also discussed. Based on it, we provide a new perspective for selecting suitable types of endothelialization and suitable seed cells to improve the long-term patency rate of tissue-engineered vascular grafts with different diameters and lengths. The material, diameter and length of tissue-engineered vascular graft are all key factors affecting its long-term patency. Endothelialization strategies should consider the different diameters and lengths of tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Cell heterogeneity and tissue heterogeneity should be considered in the application of seed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjin Cai
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wanshan Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Fangchao Xue
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Weiming Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing, China.,Departments of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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34
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Chen SG, Ugwu F, Li WC, Caplice NM, Petcu E, Yip SP, Huang CL. Vascular Tissue Engineering: Advanced Techniques and Gene Editing in Stem Cells for Graft Generation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 27:14-28. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sin-Guang Chen
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Felix Ugwu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wan-Chun Li
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Noel M. Caplice
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eugen Petcu
- Griffith University School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Shea Ping Yip
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chien-Ling Huang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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35
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Luo J, Lin Y, Shi X, Li G, Kural MH, Anderson CW, Ellis MW, Riaz M, Tellides G, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Xenogeneic-free generation of vascular smooth muscle cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells for vascular tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:155-168. [PMID: 33130306 PMCID: PMC8168373 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Development of mechanically advanced tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMCs) offers an innovative approach to replace or bypass diseased blood vessels. To move current hiPSC-TEVGs toward clinical application, it is essential to obtain hiPSC-VSMC-derived tissues under xenogeneic-free conditions, meaning without the use of any animal-derived reagents. Many approaches in VSMC differentiation of hiPSCs have been reported, although a xenogeneic-free method for generating hiPSC-VSMCs suitable for vascular tissue engineering has yet to be established. Based on our previously established standard method of xenogeneic VSMC differentiation, we have replaced all animal-derived reagents with functional counterparts of human origin and successfully derived functional xenogeneic-free hiPSC-VSMCs (XF-hiPSC-VSMCs). Next, our group developed tissue rings via cellular self-assembly from XF-hiPSC-VSMCs, which exhibited comparable mechanical strength to those developed from xenogeneic hiPSC-VSMCs. Moreover, by seeding XF-hiPSC-VSMCs onto biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds, we generated engineered vascular tissues presenting effective collagen deposition which were suitable for implantation into an immunodeficient mice model. In conclusion, our xenogeneic-free conditions for generating hiPSC-VSMCs produce cells with the comparable capacity for vascular tissue engineering as standard xenogeneic protocols, thereby moving the hiPSC-TEVG technology one step closer to safe and efficacious clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yuyao Lin
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Xiangyu Shi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Guangxin Li
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Mehmet H Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Christopher W Anderson
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Matthew W Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520 USA.
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36
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Han EX, Wang J, Kural M, Jiang B, Leiby KL, Chowdhury N, Tellides G, Kibbey RG, Lawson JH, Niklason LE. Development of a Bioartificial Vascular Pancreas. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211027714. [PMID: 34262686 PMCID: PMC8243137 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211027714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of pancreatic islets has been shown to be effective, in some patients, for the long-term treatment of type 1 diabetes. However, transplantation of islets into either the portal vein or the subcutaneous space can be limited by insufficient oxygen transfer, leading to islet loss. Furthermore, oxygen diffusion limitations can be magnified when islet numbers are increased dramatically, as in translating from rodent studies to human-scale treatments. To address these limitations, an islet transplantation approach using an acellular vascular graft as a vascular scaffold has been developed, termed the BioVascular Pancreas (BVP). To create the BVP, islets are seeded as an outer coating on the surface of an acellular vascular graft, using fibrin as a hydrogel carrier. The BVP can then be anastomosed as an arterial (or arteriovenous) graft, which allows fully oxygenated arterial blood with a pO2 of roughly 100 mmHg to flow through the graft lumen and thereby supply oxygen to the islets. In silico simulations and in vitro bioreactor experiments show that the BVP design provides adequate survivability for islets and helps avoid islet hypoxia. When implanted as end-to-end abdominal aorta grafts in nude rats, BVPs were able to restore near-normoglycemia durably for 90 days and developed robust microvascular infiltration from the host. Furthermore, pilot implantations in pigs were performed, which demonstrated the scalability of the technology. Given the potential benefits provided by the BVP, this tissue design may eventually serve as a solution for transplantation of pancreatic islets to treat or cure type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward X Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Juan Wang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics
Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mehmet Kural
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics
Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of
Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The
First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Katherine L Leiby
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nazar Chowdhury
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental
Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics
Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of
Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare
System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Richard G Kibbey
- Department of Internal Medicine
(Endocrinology), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular
Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Lawson
- Department of Surgery, Duke
University, Durham, NC, USA
- Humacyte Inc., Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics
Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Humacyte Inc., Durham, NC, USA
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37
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Boys AJ, Barron SL, Tilev D, Owens RM. Building Scaffolds for Tubular Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:589960. [PMID: 33363127 PMCID: PMC7758256 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.589960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hollow organs and tissue systems drive various functions in the body. Many of these hollow or tubular systems, such as vasculature, the intestines, and the trachea, are common targets for tissue engineering, given their relevance to numerous diseases and body functions. As the field of tissue engineering has developed, numerous benchtop models have been produced as platforms for basic science and drug testing. Production of tubular scaffolds for different tissue engineering applications possesses many commonalities, such as the necessity for producing an intact tubular opening and for formation of semi-permeable epithelia or endothelia. As such, the field has converged on a series of manufacturing techniques for producing these structures. In this review, we discuss some of the most common tissue engineered applications within the context of tubular tissues and the methods by which these structures can be produced. We provide an overview of the general structure and anatomy for these tissue systems along with a series of general design criteria for tubular tissue engineering. We categorize methods for manufacturing tubular scaffolds as follows: casting, electrospinning, rolling, 3D printing, and decellularization. We discuss state-of-the-art models within the context of vascular, intestinal, and tracheal tissue engineering. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the future for these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roisin M. Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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38
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Kimicata M, Swamykumar P, Fisher JP. Extracellular Matrix for Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1388-1401. [PMID: 33231135 PMCID: PMC7759287 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To treat coronary heart disease, coronary artery bypass grafts are used to divert blood flow around blockages in the coronary arteries. Autologous grafts are the gold standard of care, but they are characterized by their lack of availability, low quality, and high failure rates. Alternatively, tissue-engineered small-diameter vascular grafts made from synthetic or natural polymers have not demonstrated adequate results to replace autologous grafts; synthetic grafts result in a loss of patency due to thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia, whereas scaffolds from natural polymers are generally unable to support the physiological conditions. Extracellular matrix (ECM) from a variety of sources, including cell-derived, 2D, and cannular tissues, has become an increasingly useful tool for this application. The current review examines the ECM-based methods that have recently been investigated in the field and comments on their viability for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Kimicata
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, and University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Prateek Swamykumar
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, and University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - John P. Fisher
- Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, and University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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39
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Shi X, He L, Zhang SM, Luo J. Human iPS Cell-derived Tissue Engineered Vascular Graft: Recent Advances and Future Directions. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:862-877. [PMID: 33230612 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) generated from human primary cells represent a promising vascular interventional therapy. However, generation and application of these TEVGs may be significantly hindered by the limited accessibility, finite expandability, donor-donor functional variation and immune-incompatibility of primary seed cells from donors. Alternatively, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer an infinite source to obtain functional vascular cells in large quantity and comparable quality for TEVG construction. To date, TEVGs (hiPSC-TEVGs) with significant mechanical strength and implantability have been generated using hiPSC-derived seed cells. Despite being in its incipient stage, this emerging field of hiPSC-TEVG research has achieved significant progress and presented promising future potential. Meanwhile, a series of challenges pertaining hiPSC differentiation, vascular tissue engineering technologies and future production and application await to be addressed. Herein, we have composed this review to introduce progress in TEVG generation using hiPSCs, summarize the current major challenges, and encapsulate the future directions of research on hiPSC-based TEVGs. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Room 752, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Lile He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shang-Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 06520, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Room 752, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. .,Yale Stem Cell Center, 06520, New Haven, CT, USA.
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40
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Zhu K, Ma W, Li J, Zhang YS, Zhang W, Lai H, Wang C. Modeling aortic diseases using induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 10:190-197. [PMID: 33179450 PMCID: PMC7848399 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer an effective platform for studies of human physiology and have revealed new possibilities for disease modeling at the cellular level. These cells also have the potential to be leveraged in the practice of precision medicine, including personalized drug testing. Aortic diseases result in significant morbidity and mortality and pose a global burden to healthcare. Their pathogenesis is mostly associated with functional alterations of vascular components, such as endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. Drugs that have been proven to be effective in animal models often fail to protect patients from adverse aortic events in clinical studies, provoking researchers to develop reliable in vitro models using human cells. In this review, we summarize the patient iPSC-derived aortic cells that have been utilized to model aortic diseases in vitro. In advanced models, hemodynamic factors, such as blood flow-induced shear stress and cyclic strain, have been added to the systems to replicate cellular microenvironments in the aortic wall. Examples of the utility of such factors in modeling various aortopathies, such as Marfan syndrome, Loeys-Dietz syndrome, and bicuspid aortic valve-related aortopathy, are also described. Overall, the iPSC-based in vitro cell models have shown the potential to promote the development and practice of precision medicine in the treatment of aortic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenrui Ma
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Lai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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41
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Hierarchical porous silk fibroin/poly(L-lactic acid) fibrous membranes towards vascular scaffolds. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:1111-1120. [PMID: 33159945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fibrous membranes played an important role to prepare tubular scaffolds for muscular artery regeneration. In this study, a strategy has been developed to combine silk fibroin (SF) with highly porous electrospun poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibrous membrane towards vascular scaffolds. After PLLA fibres were electrospun and collected, they were immersed into acetone to generate a porous structure with ultra-high surface area. While the pores on PLLA fibres were fulfilled with SF solution and dried, SF was coated uniformly and tightly on PLLA fibres. A multi-layer tubular structure of the tunica media was simulated by winding and stacking a strip of electrospun fibrous membrane. In vitro viability and morphology studies of A7r5 smooth muscle cells were undertaken for up to 14 days. Because the hydrophilicity of SF/PLLA composite fibres were improved dramatically, it had a positive effect on cell adhesion rate (97%) and proliferation (64.4%). Moreover, good cell morphology was observed via a multiphoton laser confocal microscope on SF/PLLA bioactive materials. These results demonstrated that the hierarchical porous SF/PLLA fibrous membranes are promising off-the-shelf scaffolds for muscular artery regeneration.
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42
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Davaapil H, Shetty DK, Sinha S. Aortic "Disease-in-a-Dish": Mechanistic Insights and Drug Development Using iPSC-Based Disease Modeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:550504. [PMID: 33195187 PMCID: PMC7655792 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.550504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic diseases, whether sporadic or due to a genetic disorder such as Marfan syndrome, lack effective medical therapies, with limited translation of treatments that are highly successful in mouse models into the clinic. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer the opportunity to establish new human models of aortic diseases. Here we review the power and potential of these systems to identify cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying disease and discuss recent advances, such as gene editing, and smooth muscle cell embryonic lineage. In particular, we discuss the practical aspects of vascular smooth muscle cell derivation and characterization, and provide our personal insights into the challenges and limitations of this approach. Future applications, such as genotype-phenotype association, drug screening, and precision medicine are discussed. We propose that iPSC-derived aortic disease models could guide future clinical trials via “clinical-trials-in-a-dish”, thus paving the way for new and improved therapies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongorzul Davaapil
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Deeti K Shetty
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Sinha
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Obiweluozor FO, Emechebe GA, Kim DW, Cho HJ, Park CH, Kim CS, Jeong IS. Considerations in the Development of Small-Diameter Vascular Graft as an Alternative for Bypass and Reconstructive Surgeries: A Review. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2020; 11:495-521. [PMID: 32812139 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-020-00482-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current design strategies for small diameter vascular grafts (< 6 mm internal diameter; ID) are focused on mimicking native vascular tissue because the commercially available grafts still fail at small diameters, notably due to development of intimal hyperplasia and thrombosis. To overcome these challenges, various design approaches, material selection, and surface modification strategies have been employed to improve the patency of small-diameter grafts. REVIEW The purpose of this review is to outline various considerations in the development of small-diameter vascular grafts, including material choice, surface modifications to enhance biocompatibility/endothelialization, and mechanical properties of the graft, that are currently being implanted. Additionally, we have taken into account the general vascular physiology, tissue engineering approaches, and collective achievements of the authors in this area. We reviewed both commercially available synthetic grafts (e-PTFE and PET), elastic polymers such as polyurethane and biodegradable and bioresorbable materials. We included naturally occurring materials by focusing on their potential application in the development of future vascular alternatives. CONCLUSION Until now, there are few comprehensive reviews regarding considerations in the design of small-diameter vascular grafts in the literature. Here-in, we have discussed in-depth the various strategies employed to generate engineered vascular graft due to their high demand for vascular surgeries. While some TEVG design strategies have shown greater potential in contrast to autologous or synthetic ePTFE conduits, many are still hindered by high production cost which prevents their widespread adoption. Nonetheless, as tissue engineers continue to develop on their strategies and procedures for improved TEVGs, soon, a reliable engineered graft will be available in the market. Hence, we anticipate a viable TEVG with resorbable property, fabricated via electrospinning approach to hold a greater potential that can overcome the challenges observed in both autologous and allogenic grafts. This is because they can be mechanically tuned, incorporated/surface-functionalized with bioactive molecules and mass-manufactured in a reproducible manner. It is also found that most of the success in engineered vascular graft approaching commercialization is for large vessels rather than small-diameter grafts used as cardiovascular bypass grafts. Consequently, the field of vascular engineering is still available for future innovators that can take up the challenge to create a functional arterial substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis O Obiweluozor
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, 42 Jebong-Ro Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gladys A Emechebe
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju City, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Wan Kim
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, 42 Jebong-Ro Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Jin Cho
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, 42 Jebong-Ro Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju City, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju City, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju City, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju City, Republic of Korea
| | - In Seok Jeong
- Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, 42 Jebong-Ro Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea.
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Bosch Rué E, Delgado LM, Gil FJ, Perez RA. Direct extrusion of individually encapsulated endothelial and smooth muscle cells mimicking blood vessel structures and vascular native cell alignment. Biofabrication 2020; 13. [PMID: 32998120 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abbd27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are considered the principal cause of worldwide death, being atherosclerosis the main etiology. Up to now, the predominant treatment for CVDs has been bypass surgery from autologous source. However, due to previous harvest or the type of disease, this is not always an option. For this reason, tissue engineering blood vessels (TEBV) emerged as an alternative graft source for blood vessel replacement. In order to develop a TEBV, it should mimic the architecture of a native blood vessel encapsulating the specific vascular cells in their respective layers with native alignment, and with appropriate mechanical stability. Here, we propose the extrusion of two different cell encapsulating hydrogels, mainly alginate and collagen, and a sacrificial polymer, through a triple coaxial nozzle, which in contact with a crosslinking solution allows the formation of bilayered hollow fibers, mimicking the architecture of native blood vessels. Prior to extrusion, the innermost cell encapsulating hydrogel was loaded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), whereas the outer hydrogel was loaded with human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). The size of the TEVB could be controlled by changing the injection speed, presenting homogeneity between the constructs. The obtained structures were robust, allowing its manipulation as well as the perfusion of liquids. Both cell types presented high rates of survival after the extrusion process as well as after 20 days in culture (over 90%). Additionally, a high percentage of HASMC and HUVEC were aligned perpendicular and parallel to the TEBV, respectively, in their own layers, resembling the physiological arrangement found in vivo. Our approach enables the rapid formation of TEBV-like structures presenting high cell viability and allowing proliferation and natural alignment of vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bosch Rué
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/ Josep Trueta, sn, Barcelona, Barcelona, 08018, SPAIN
| | - Luis M Delgado
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalunya, SPAIN
| | - F Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalunya, SPAIN
| | - Roman A Perez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalunya, SPAIN
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Paik DT, Chandy M, Wu JC. Patient and Disease-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Discovery of Personalized Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapeutics. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:320-342. [PMID: 31871214 PMCID: PMC6934989 DOI: 10.1124/pr.116.013003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have emerged as an effective platform for regenerative therapy, disease modeling, and drug discovery. iPSCs allow for the production of limitless supply of patient-specific somatic cells that enable advancement in cardiovascular precision medicine. Over the past decade, researchers have developed protocols to differentiate iPSCs to multiple cardiovascular lineages, as well as to enhance the maturity and functionality of these cells. Despite significant advances, drug therapy and discovery for cardiovascular disease have lagged behind other fields such as oncology. We speculate that this paucity of drug discovery is due to a previous lack of efficient, reproducible, and translational model systems. Notably, existing drug discovery and testing platforms rely on animal studies and clinical trials, but investigations in animal models have inherent limitations due to interspecies differences. Moreover, clinical trials are inherently flawed by assuming that all individuals with a disease will respond identically to a therapy, ignoring the genetic and epigenomic variations that define our individuality. With ever-improving differentiation and phenotyping methods, patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiovascular cells allow unprecedented opportunities to discover new drug targets and screen compounds for cardiovascular disease. Imbued with the genetic information of an individual, iPSCs will vastly improve our ability to test drugs efficiently, as well as tailor and titrate drug therapy for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Paik
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Mark Chandy
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Fleischer S, Tavakol DN, Vunjak-Novakovic G. From arteries to capillaries: approaches to engineering human vasculature. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1910811. [PMID: 33708027 PMCID: PMC7942836 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201910811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
From micro-scaled capillaries to millimeter-sized arteries and veins, human vasculature spans multiple scales and cell types. The convergence of bioengineering, materials science, and stem cell biology has enabled tissue engineers to recreate the structure and function of different hierarchical levels of the vascular tree. Engineering large-scale vessels has been pursued over the past thirty years to replace or bypass damaged arteries, arterioles, and venules, and their routine application in the clinic may become a reality in the near future. Strategies to engineer meso- and microvasculature have been extensively explored to generate models to study vascular biology, drug transport, and disease progression, as well as for vascularizing engineered tissues for regenerative medicine. However, bioengineering of large-scale tissues and whole organs for transplantation, have failed to result in clinical translation due to the lack of proper integrated vasculature for effective oxygen and nutrient delivery. The development of strategies to generate multi-scale vascular networks and their direct anastomosis to host vasculature would greatly benefit this formidable goal. In this review, we discuss design considerations and technologies for engineering millimeter-, meso-, and micro-scale vessels. We further provide examples of recent state-of-the-art strategies to engineer multi-scale vasculature. Finally, we identify key challenges limiting the translation of vascularized tissues and offer our perspective on future directions for exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University
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47
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Dash BC, Duan K, Xing H, Kyriakides TR, Hsia HC. An in situ collagen-HA hydrogel system promotes survival and preserves the proangiogenic secretion of hiPSC-derived vascular smooth muscle cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:3912-3923. [PMID: 32770746 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMCs) with proangiogenic properties have huge therapeutic potential. While hiPSC-VSMCs have already been utilized for wound healing using a biomimetic collagen scaffold, an in situ forming hydrogel mimicking the native environment of skin offers the promise of hiPSC-VSMC mediated repair and regeneration. Herein, the impact of a collagen type-I-hyaluronic acid (HA) in situ hydrogel cross-linked using a polyethylene glycol-based cross-linker on hiPSC-VSMCs viability and proangiogenic paracrine secretion was investigated. Our study demonstrated increases in cell viability, maintenance of phenotype and proangiogenic growth factor secretion, and proangiogenic activity in response to the conditioned medium. The optimally cross-linked and functionalized collagen type-I/HA hydrogel system developed in this study shows promise as an in situ hiPSC-VSMC carrier system for wound regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraja C Dash
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kaiti Duan
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hao Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Themis R Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Henry C Hsia
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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48
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Abutaleb NO, Truskey GA. Human iPSCs Stretch to Improve Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:136-137. [PMID: 32032523 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide a potentially unlimited cell source for producing autologous tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), which currently suffer from low mechanical strength. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Luo et al. (2020) describe optimized culture media and a mechanical stretching regimen to produce hiPSC-derived TEVGs with mechanical behavior similar to that of natural vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia O Abutaleb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - George A Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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49
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Floy ME, Mateyka TD, Foreman KL, Palecek SP. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac stromal cells and their applications in regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res 2020; 45:101831. [PMID: 32446219 PMCID: PMC7931507 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Recent advances in stem cell biology have led to the development and engineering of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cardiac cells and tissues for application in cellular therapy and cardiotoxicity studies. Initial studies in this area have largely focused on improving differentiation efficiency and maturation states of cardiomyocytes. However, other cell types in the heart, including endothelial and stromal cells, play crucial roles in cardiac development, injury response, and cardiomyocyte function. This review discusses recent advances in differentiation of hPSCs to cardiac stromal cells, identification and classification of cardiac stromal cell types, and application of hPSC-derived cardiac stromal cells and tissues containing these cells in regenerative and drug development applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha E Floy
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Taylor D Mateyka
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Koji L Foreman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sean P Palecek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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50
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Dash BC, Setia O, Gorecka J, Peyvandi H, Duan K, Lopes L, Nie J, Berthiaume F, Dardik A, Hsia HC. A Dense Fibrillar Collagen Scaffold Differentially Modulates Secretory Function of iPSC-Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells to Promote Wound Healing. Cells 2020; 9:E966. [PMID: 32295218 PMCID: PMC7226960 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate vascular smooth muscle cells (hiPSC-VSMCs) in abundance is a promising strategy for vascular regeneration. While hiPSC-VSMCs have already been utilized for tissue-engineered vascular grafts and disease modeling, there is a lack of investigations exploring their therapeutic secretory factors. The objective of this manuscript was to understand how the biophysical property of a collagen-based scaffold dictates changes in the secretory function of hiPSC-VSMCs while developing hiPSC-VSMC-based therapy for durable regenerative wound healing. We investigated the effect of collagen fibrillar density (CFD) on hiPSC-VSMC's paracrine secretion and cytokines via the construction of varying density of collagen scaffolds. Our study demonstrated that CFD is a key scaffold property that modulates the secretory function of hiPSC-VSMCs. This study lays the foundation for developing collagen-based scaffold materials for the delivery of hiPSC-VSMCs to promote regenerative healing through guiding paracrine signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraja C. Dash
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Ocean Setia
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Jolanta Gorecka
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Hassan Peyvandi
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Kaiti Duan
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Lara Lopes
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - James Nie
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
| | - Francois Berthiaume
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, The State University New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and the Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (O.S.); (J.G.); (L.L.); (A.D.)
| | - Henry C. Hsia
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (H.P.); (K.D.); (J.N.)
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