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Sasso GRDS, Cerri PS, Sasso-Cerri E, Simões MJ, Gil CD, Florencio-Silva R. Possible role of annexin A1/FPR2 pathway in COX2/NLRP3 inflammasome regulation in alveolar bone cells of estrogen-deficient female rats with diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol 2024; 95:749-763. [PMID: 37987258 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annexin A1 (ANXA1) and the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome play important roles in bone remodeling. However, expression profiles of these factors in bone cells under diabetes mellitus (DM) and estrogen-deficient conditions are poorly understood. This study investigated the immunoexpression of ANXA1 and its formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), as well as NLRP3 inflammasome mediators, during remodeling of the alveolar process in diabetic and estrogen-deficient rats. METHODS Twenty adult female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 5): Sham-operated (SHAM) and ovariectomized (OVX) rats received a vehicle solution, and SHAM and OVX rats were intraperitoneally administered 60 mg/kg/body weight (BW) of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce DM (SHAM-Di and OVX-Di groups). After 7 weeks, the rats were euthanized and their maxillae were fixed in phosphate-buffered 4% formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) and picrosirius red or subjected to immunohistochemical detection of ANXA1, FPR2, NLRP3, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2). RESULTS Estrogen deficiency and DM were associated with deleterious effects in bone tissue, as evidenced by a lower number of osteocytes and higher number of empty lacunae in the SHAM-Di and OVX-Di groups compared to the nondiabetic groups. Both diabetic groups showed a smaller vascular area and weaker collagen fiber birefringence intensity in alveolar bone tissue. A significantly higher number of ANXA1/FPR2-positive osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts was accompanied by a significantly higher number of these cells immunolabeled for COX2, NLRP3, and IL-1β in the diabetic and OVX groups, especially in both estrogen-deficient and diabetic rats. CONCLUSION These results indicate a possible role for the ANXA1/FPR2 pathway as a fine-tuning/anti-inflammatory regulator to counterbalance exacerbated COX2/NLRP3/IL-1β activation in bone cells during bone remodeling under estrogen deficiency and DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Rodrigues Da Silva Sasso
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Laboratory of Histology and Structural Biology, Federal University of São Paulo - Paulista School of Medicine (UNIFESP - EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- School of Dentistry, Araraquara - Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry - Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Estela Sasso-Cerri
- School of Dentistry, Araraquara - Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry - Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Manuel Jesus Simões
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Laboratory of Histology and Structural Biology, Federal University of São Paulo - Paulista School of Medicine (UNIFESP - EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Laboratory of Histology and Structural Biology, Federal University of São Paulo - Paulista School of Medicine (UNIFESP - EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Florencio-Silva
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Laboratory of Histology and Structural Biology, Federal University of São Paulo - Paulista School of Medicine (UNIFESP - EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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You Q, Ke Y, Chen X, Yan W, Li D, Chen L, Wang R, Yu J, Hong H. Loss of Endothelial Annexin A1 Aggravates Inflammation-Induched Vascular Aging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307040. [PMID: 38358087 PMCID: PMC11022713 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is increasingly considered as the most important component of vascular aging, contributing to the progression of age-related cardiovascular diseases. To delay the process of vascular aging, anti-inflammation may be an effective measure. The anti-inflammatory factor annexin A1 (ANXA1) is shown to participate in several age-related diseases; however, its function during vascular aging remains unclear. Here, an ANXA1 knockout (ANXA1-/-) and an endothelial cell-specific ANXA1 deletion mouse (ANXA1△EC) model are used to investigate the role of ANXA1 in vascular aging. ANXA1 depletion exacerbates vascular remodeling and dysfunction while upregulates age- and inflammation-related protein expression. Conversely, Ac2-26 (a mimetic peptide of ANXA1) supplementation reverses this phenomenon. Furthermore, long-term tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) induction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) increases cell senescence. Finally, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype and senescence-related protein expression, rates of senescence-β-galactosidase positivity, cell cycle arrest, cell migration, and tube formation ability are observed in both ANXA1-knockdown HUVECs and overexpressed ANXA1-TNF-α induced senescent HUVECs. They also explore the impact of formyl peptide receptor 2 (a receptor of ANXA1) in an ANXA1 overexpression inflammatory model. These data provide compelling evidence that age-related inflammation in arteries contributes to senescent endothelial cells that promote vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyi You
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Yilang Ke
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Wanhong Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Dang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Run Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
| | - Huashan Hong
- Department of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Department of Cardiology, Fujian Heart Disease Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Vascular and Brain Aging, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350001, China
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Huertas-Abril PV, Jurado J, Prieto-Álamo MJ, García-Barrera T, Abril N. Proteomic analysis of the hepatic response to a pollutant mixture in mice. The protective action of selenium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166558. [PMID: 37633382 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Metals and pharmaceuticals contaminate water and food worldwide, forming mixtures where they can interact to enhance their individual toxicity. Here we use a shotgun proteomic approach to evaluate the toxicity of a pollutant mixture (PM) of metals (As, Cd, Hg) and pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, flumequine) on mice liver proteostasis. These pollutants are abundant in the environment, accumulate in the food chain, and are toxic to humans primarily through oxidative damage. Thus, we also evaluated the putative antagonistic effect of low-dose dietary supplementation with the antioxidant trace element selenium. A total of 275 proteins were affected by PM treatment. Functional analyses revealed an increased abundance of proteins involved in the integrated stress response that promotes translation, the inflammatory response, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and the sustained expression of the antioxidative response mediated by NRF2. As a consequence, a reductive stress situation arises in the cell that inhibits the RICTOR pathway, thus activating the early stage of autophagy, impairing xenobiotic metabolism, and potentiating lipid biosynthesis and steatosis. PM exposure-induced hepato-proteostatic alterations were significantly reduced in Se supplemented mice, suggesting that the use of this trace element as a dietary supplement may at least partially ameliorate liver damage caused by exposure to environmental mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula V Huertas-Abril
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Jurado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María-José Prieto-Álamo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Tamara García-Barrera
- Research Center of Natural Resources, Health, and the Environment (RENSMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Campus El Carmen, University of Huelva, Fuerzas Armadas Ave., 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Nieves Abril
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Alshahrani A, Aljada A, Masood A, Mujammami M, Alfadda AA, Musambil M, Alanazi IO, Al Dubayee M, Abdel Rahman AM, Benabdelkamel H. Proteomic Profiling Identifies Distinct Regulation of Proteins in Obese Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1345. [PMID: 37895816 PMCID: PMC10609691 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are characterized by underlying low-grade chronic inflammation. Metformin has been used as the first line of therapy in T2DM as it decreases hepatic glucose production and glucose intestinal absorption, enhances insulin sensitivity and weight loss, and is known to ameliorate inflammation. The mechanisms through which metformin exerts its effect remain unclear. Proteomics has emerged as a unique approach to explore the biological changes associated with diseases, including T2DM. It provides insight into the circulating biomarkers/mediators which could be utilized for disease screening, diagnosis, and prognosis. Methods: This study evaluated the proteomic changes in obese (Ob), obese diabetics (OD), and obese diabetic patients on metformin (ODM) using a 2D DIGE MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric approach. Results: Significant changes in sixteen plasma proteins (15 up and 1 down, ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05; fold change ≥ 1.5) were observed in the ODM group when compared to the Ob and OD groups. Bioinformatic network pathway analysis revealed that the majority of these altered plasma proteins are involved in distinct pathways involving acute-phase response, inflammation, and oxidative response and were centered around HNF4A, ERK, JNK, and insulin signaling pathways. Conclusions: Our study provides important information about the possible biomarkers altered by metformin treatment in obese patients with and without T2DM. These altered plasma proteins are involved in distinct pathways involving acute-phase response, inflammation, and oxidative response and were centered around HNF4A, ERK, JNK, and insulin signaling pathways. The presented proteomic profiling approach may help in identifying potential biomarkers/mediators affected by metformin treatment in T2DM and inform the understanding of metformin's mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad Alshahrani
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.D.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Aljada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Afshan Masood
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Muhammad Mujammami
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia;
- University Diabetes Center, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assim A. Alfadda
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.A.); (M.M.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and King Saud Medical City, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohthash Musambil
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Ibrahim O. Alanazi
- Healthy Aging Research Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Al Dubayee
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.D.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas M. Abdel Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Al Faisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia;
- Metabolomics Section, Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Genomics Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hicham Benabdelkamel
- Proteomics Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.); (A.A.A.); (M.M.)
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Ganekal P, Vastrad B, Kavatagimath S, Vastrad C, Kotrashetti S. Bioinformatics and Next-Generation Data Analysis for Identification of Genes and Molecular Pathways Involved in Subjects with Diabetes and Obesity. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020309. [PMID: 36837510 PMCID: PMC9967176 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A subject with diabetes and obesity is a class of the metabolic disorder. The current investigation aimed to elucidate the potential biomarker and prognostic targets in subjects with diabetes and obesity. Materials and Methods: The next-generation sequencing (NGS) data of GSE132831 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs was conducted with ToppGene. The protein-protein interactions network, module analysis, target gene-miRNA regulatory network and target gene-TF regulatory network were constructed and analyzed. Furthermore, hub genes were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. A total of 872 DEGs, including 439 up-regulated genes and 433 down-regulated genes were observed. Results: Second, functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs are mainly involved in the axon guidance, neutrophil degranulation, plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization and cell activation. The top ten hub genes (MYH9, FLNA, DCTN1, CLTC, ERBB2, TCF4, VIM, LRRK2, IFI16 and CAV1) could be utilized as potential diagnostic indicators for subjects with diabetes and obesity. The hub genes were validated in subjects with diabetes and obesity. Conclusion: This investigation found effective and reliable molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis, suggesting new and key therapeutic targets for subjects with diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Ganekal
- Department of General Medicine, Basaveshwara Medical College, Chitradurga 577501, Karnataka, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, Gadag 582101, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Kavatagimath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9480073398
| | - Shivakumar Kotrashetti
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
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Extracellular Vesicles as Carriers of Adipokines and Their Role in Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020422. [PMID: 36830957 PMCID: PMC9953604 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have lately arisen as new metabolic players in energy homeostasis participating in intercellular communication at the local and distant levels. These nanosized lipid bilayer spheres, carrying bioactive molecular cargo, have somehow changed the paradigm of biomedical research not only as a non-classic cell secretion mechanism, but as a rich source of biomarkers and as useful drug-delivery vehicles. Although the research about the role of EVs on metabolism and its deregulation on obesity and associated pathologies lagged slightly behind other diseases, the knowledge about their function under normal and pathological homeostasis is rapidly increasing. In this review, we are focusing on the current research regarding adipose tissue shed extracellular vesicles including their characterization, size profile, and molecular cargo content comprising miRNAs and membrane and intra-vesicular proteins. Finally, we will focus on the functional aspects attributed to vesicles secreted not only by adipocytes, but also by other cells comprising adipose tissue, describing the evidence to date on the deleterious effects of extracellular vesicles released by obese adipose tissue both locally and at the distant level by interacting with other peripheral organs and even at the central level.
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Brown Adipose Tissue Sheds Extracellular Vesicles That Carry Potential Biomarkers of Metabolic and Thermogenesis Activity Which Are Affected by High Fat Diet Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810826. [PMID: 36142750 PMCID: PMC9504916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a key target for the development of new therapies against obesity due to its role in promoting energy expenditure; BAT secretory capacity is emerging as an important contributor to systemic effects, in which BAT extracellular vesicles (EVs) (i.e., batosomes) might be protagonists. EVs have emerged as a relevant cellular communication system and carriers of disease biomarkers. Therefore, characterization of the protein cargo of batosomes might reveal their potential as biomarkers of the metabolic activity of BAT. In this study, we are the first to isolate batosomes from lean and obese Sprague–Dawley rats, and to establish reference proteome maps. An LC-SWATH/MS analysis was also performed for comparisons with EVs secreted by white adipose tissue (subcutaneous and visceral WAT), and it showed that 60% of proteins were exclusive to BAT EVs. Precisely, batosomes of lean animals contain proteins associated with mitochondria, lipid metabolism, the electron transport chain, and the beta-oxidation pathway, and their protein cargo profile is dramatically affected by high fat diet (HFD) intervention. Thus, in obesity, batosomes are enriched with proteins involved in signal transduction, cell communication, the immune response, inflammation, thermogenesis, and potential obesity biomarkers including UCP1, Glut1, MIF, and ceruloplasmin. In conclusion, the protein cargo of BAT EVs is affected by the metabolic status and contains potential biomarkers of thermogenesis activity.
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Sajid S, Zariwala MG, Mackenzie R, Turner M, Nell T, Bellary S, Renshaw D. Suppression of Anti-Inflammatory Mediators in Metabolic Disease May Be Driven by Overwhelming Pro-Inflammatory Drivers. Nutrients 2022; 14:2360. [PMID: 35684160 PMCID: PMC9182642 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease and is associated with an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and co-morbidities. Dysregulated expansion of the adipose tissue during obesity induces local tissue hypoxia, altered secretory profile of adipokines, cytokines and chemokines, altered profile of local tissue inflammatory cells leading to the development of low-grade chronic inflammation. Low grade chronic inflammation is considered to be the underlying mechanism that increases the risk of developing obesity associated comorbidities. The glucocorticoid induced protein annexin A1 and its N-terminal peptides are anti-inflammatory mediators involved in resolving inflammation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of annexin A1 in obesity and associated inflammation. To achieve this aim, the current study analysed data from two feasibility studies in clinical populations: (1) bariatric surgery patients (Pre- and 3 months post-surgery) and (2) Lipodystrophy patients. Plasma annexin A1 levels were increased at 3-months post-surgery compared to pre-surgery (1.2 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 19 vs. 1.6 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 9, p = 0.009) and positively correlated with adiponectin (p = 0.009, r = 0.468, n = 25). Plasma annexin A1 levels were decreased in patients with lipodystrophy compared to BMI matched controls (0.2 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 9 vs. 0.97 ± 0.1 ng/mL, n = 30, p = 0.008), whereas CRP levels were significantly elevated (3.3 ± 1.0 µg/mL, n = 9 vs. 1.4 ± 0.3 µg/mL, n = 31, p = 0.0074). The roles of annexin A1 were explored using an in vitro cell based model (SGBS cells) mimicking the inflammatory status that is observed in obesity. Acute treatment with the annexin A1 N-terminal peptide, AC2-26 differentially regulated gene expression (including PPARA (2.8 ± 0.7-fold, p = 0.0303, n = 3), ADIPOQ (2.0 ± 0.3-fold, p = 0.0073, n = 3), LEP (0.6 ± 0.2-fold, p = 0.0400, n = 3), NAMPT (0.4 ± 0.1-fold, p = 0.0039, n = 3) and RETN (0.1 ± 0.03-fold, p < 0.0001, n = 3) in mature obesogenic adipocytes indicating that annexin A1 may play a protective role in obesity and inflammation. However, this effect may be overshadowed by the continued increase in systemic inflammation associated with rapid tissue expansion in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehar Sajid
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; (S.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Mohammed Gulrez Zariwala
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK;
| | - Richard Mackenzie
- School of Life & Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4DJ, UK;
| | - Mark Turner
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; (S.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Theo Nell
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa, Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University Main Campus, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;
| | - Srikanth Bellary
- The Diabetes Centre, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham B9 5SS, UK;
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK; (S.S.); (M.T.)
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Mohany K, Al Rugaie O, Al‑Wutayd O, Alsharidah M, Al‑Nafeesah A. Circulating miR‑15b, Annexin A1, procalcitonin and interleukin‑6 levels differentiate children with metabolically unhealthy obesity from those with metabolically healthy obesity: A case‑control study. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:403. [PMID: 35637648 PMCID: PMC9128012 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mohany
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Al‑Wutayd
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Alsharidah
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al‑Nafeesah
- Department of Pediatrics, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Nair S, Guanzon D, Jayabalan N, Lai A, Scholz-Romero K, Kalita de Croft P, Ormazabal V, Palma C, Diaz E, McCarthy EA, Shub A, Miranda J, Gratacós E, Crispi F, Duncombe G, Lappas M, McIntyre HD, Rice G, Salomon C. Extracellular vesicle-associated miRNAs are an adaptive response to gestational diabetes mellitus. J Transl Med 2021; 19:360. [PMID: 34416903 PMCID: PMC8377872 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious public health issue affecting 9-15% of all pregnancies worldwide. Recently, it has been suggested that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role throughout gestation, including mediating a placental response to hyperglycaemia. Here, we investigated the EV-associated miRNA profile across gestation in GDM, assessed their utility in developing accurate, multivariate classification models, and determined the signaling pathways in skeletal muscle proteome associated with the changes in the EV miRNA profile. METHODS Discovery: A retrospective, case-control study design was used to identify EV-associated miRNAs that vary across pregnancy and clinical status (i.e. GDM or Normal Glucose Tolerance, NGT). EVs were isolated from maternal plasma obtained at early, mid and late gestation (n = 29) and small RNA sequencing was performed. Validation: A longitudinal study design was used to quantify expression of selected miRNAs. EV miRNAs were quantified by real-time PCR (cases = 8, control = 14, samples at three times during pregnancy) and their individual and combined classification efficiencies were evaluated. Quantitative, data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry was use to establish the protein profile in skeletal muscle biopsies from normal and GDM. RESULTS A total of 2822 miRNAs were analyzed using a small RNA library, and a total of 563 miRNAs that significantly changed (p < 0.05) across gestation and 101 miRNAs were significantly changed between NGT and GDM. Analysis of the miRNA changes in NGT and GDM separately identified a total of 256 (NGT-group), and 302 (GDM-group) miRNAs that change across gestation. A multivariate classification model was developed, based on the quantitative expression of EV-associated miRNAs, and the accuracy to correctly assign samples was > 90%. We identified a set of proteins in skeletal muscle biopsies from women with GDM associated with JAK-STAT signaling which could be targeted by the miRNA-92a-3p within circulating EVs. Interestingly, overexpression of miRNA-92a-3p in primary skeletal muscle cells increase insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. CONCLUSIONS During early pregnancy, differently-expressed, EV-associated miRNAs may be of clinical utility in identifying presymptomatic women who will subsequently develop GDM later in gestation. We suggest that miRNA-92a-3p within EVs might be a protected mechanism to increase skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyalekshmi Nair
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Dominic Guanzon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Nanthini Jayabalan
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Andrew Lai
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Katherin Scholz-Romero
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology Department, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Priyakshi Kalita de Croft
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Valeska Ormazabal
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology Department, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carlos Palma
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Emilio Diaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elizabeth A McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Alexis Shub
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Jezid Miranda
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fátima Crispi
- Fetal Medicine Research Center, BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), Institut Clínic de Ginecologia Obstetricia i Neonatologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gregory Duncombe
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Mercy Hospital for Women, 163 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - H David McIntyre
- Mater Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Mater Health, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gregory Rice
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Exosome Biology Laboratory, Centre for Clinical Diagnostics, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Building 71/918, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia.
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology Department, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile.
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Obesity-induced changes in human islet G protein-coupled receptor expression: Implications for metabolic regulation. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 228:107928. [PMID: 34174278 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large family of cell surface receptors that are the targets for many different classes of pharmacotherapy. The islets of Langerhans are central to appropriate glucose homeostasis through their secretion of insulin, and islet function can be modified by ligands acting at the large number of GPCRs that islets express. The human islet GPCRome is not a static entity, but one that is altered under pathophysiological conditions and, in this review, we have compared expression of GPCR mRNAs in human islets obtained from normal weight range donors, and those with a weight range classified as obese. We have also considered the likely outcomes on islet function that the altered GPCR expression status confers and the possible impact that adipokines, secreted from expanded fat depots, could have at those GPCRs showing altered expression in obesity.
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12
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Mei J, Yang R, Yang Q, Wan W, Wei X. Proteomic screening identifies the direct targets of chrysin anti-lipid depot in adipocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113361. [PMID: 32891819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Overweight/obesity was mentioned by many countries as an obstacle to good health and long life, which increases risk of diseases and disorders. Previous studies suggested that the chronic low-grade inflammation present in the body was considered as the essential pathogenesis for obesity. Chrysin is extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Kurz and plays a superior anti-obesity role. Chrysin could reduce the lipid depot by inhibiting the obesity-related inflammation in adipose tissue. However, the target protein for chrysin to exert its anti-obesity role are not verified. AIM OF STUDY The present study aimed to screen and validate the target protein for chrysin to reduce the lipid depot in palmitic acid-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Obesity model was established employing 0.5 mmol/L palmitic acid-induced 3T3-L1 adipocytes through "Cocktails" method. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was applied to analyze the differentially expressed proteins for chrysin intervention by lipid formation in adipocytes. Gene silencing was utilized to decrease gene expression of the candidate proteins, then production of triglyceride in 3T3-L1 was detected by triglycerides assay to determine the target proteins. Ultraviolet (UV) absorption together with fluorescence spectra validated the direct target proteins of chrysin. They also computed the correlation constants of combination between chrysin and the target proteins. Molecular docking was further employed to identify the main binding amino acids between chrysin and the target protein. RESULTS 2-DE combined with LC-MS screened four candidate proteins which were related to metabolism and inflammation. The production of triglycerides in 3T3-L1 was reduced after decreasing gene expression of Annexin A2 (ANXA2), 60 kDa heat shock protein (HSP-60) and succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid coenzyme A transferase 1 (SCOT-S), respectively. UV spectrum showed that the absorbance spectra of ANXA2 from 260 to 300 nm shifted upwards along with the increase in chrysin concentration, meanwhile the absorbance spectra of HSP-60 from 200 to 220 nm and from 265 to 280 nm shifted slightly upwards along with the increase in chrysin concentrations. The results indicated the conjugated structures between chrysin and ANXA2 or HSP-60. Fluorescence quenching further suggested a spontaneous interaction between chrysin and ANXA2 or HSP-60. Finally, molecular docking identified the main binding amino acids between ANXA2 and chrysin were Ser22, Tyr24, Pro267, Val298, Asp299, and Lys302. CONCLUSIONS Chrysin can reduce the amount of triglycerides by directly downregulating the inflammation-related target proteins ANXA2 and HSP-60, exerting an anti-obesity role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiaohong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wencheng Wan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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13
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da Rocha GHO, de Paula-Silva M, Broering MF, Scharf PRDS, Matsuyama LSAS, Maria-Engler SS, Farsky SHP. Pioglitazone-Mediated Attenuation of Experimental Colitis Relies on Cleaving of Annexin A1 Released by Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:591561. [PMID: 33519451 PMCID: PMC7845455 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.591561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) which burden health systems worldwide; available pharmacological therapies are limited and cost-intensive. Use of peroxisome proliferator activated-receptor γ (PPARγ) ligands for IBD treatment, while promising, lacks solid evidences to ensure its efficacy. Annexin A1 (AnxA1), a glucocorticoid-modulated anti-inflammatory protein, plays a key role on IBD control and is a potential biomarker of IBD progression. We here investigated whether effects of pioglitazone, a PPARγ ligand, rely on AnxA1 actions to modulate IBD inflammation. Experimental colitis was evoked by 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in AnxA1 knockout (AnxA1-/-) or wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice. Clinical and histological parameters were more severe for AnxA-/- than WT mice, and 10 mg/kg pioglitazone treatment attenuated disease parameters in WT mice only. AnxA1 expression was increased in tissue sections of diseased WT mice, correlating positively with presence of CD68+ macrophages. Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inactive 33 kDa AnxA1 levels were increased in the colon of diseased WT mice, which were reduced by pioglitazone treatment. Cytokine secretion, reactive oxygen species generation and MMP-9 expression caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in AnxA1-expressing RAW 264.7 macrophages were reduced by pioglitazone treatment, effects not detected in AnxA1 knockdown macrophages. LPS-mediated increase of AnxA1 cleaving in RAW 264.7 macrophages was also attenuated by pioglitazone treatment. Finally, pioglitazone treatment increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in AnxA1-expressing RAW 264.7 macrophages, but not in AnxA1-knockdown macrophages. Thus, our data highlight AnxA1 as a crucial factor for the therapeutic actions of pioglitazone on IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina de Paula-Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Fronza Broering
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pablo Rhasan Dos Santos Scharf
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Silvya Stuchi Maria-Engler
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Giese IM, Schilloks MC, Degroote RL, Weigand M, Renner S, Wolf E, Hauck SM, Deeg CA. Chronic Hyperglycemia Drives Functional Impairment of Lymphocytes in Diabetic INSC94Y Transgenic Pigs. Front Immunol 2021; 11:607473. [PMID: 33552065 PMCID: PMC7862560 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.607473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
People with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk for infections, however, there is still a critical gap in precise knowledge about altered immune mechanisms in this disease. Since diabetic INSC94Y transgenic pigs exhibit elevated blood glucose and a stable diabetic phenotype soon after birth, they provide a favorable model to explore functional alterations of immune cells in an early stage of diabetes mellitus in vivo. Hence, we investigated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of these diabetic pigs compared to non-diabetic wild-type littermates. We found a 5-fold decreased proliferative response of T cells in INSC94Y tg pigs to polyclonal T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Using label-free LC-MS/MS, a total of 3,487 proteins were quantified, and distinct changes in protein abundances in CD4+ T cells of early-stage diabetic pigs were detectable. Additionally, we found significant increases in mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and higher basal glycolytic activity in PBMC of diabetic INSC94Y tg pigs, indicating an altered metabolic immune cell phenotype. Thus, our study provides new insights into molecular mechanisms of dysregulated immune cells triggered by permanent hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella-Maria Giese
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Roxane L. Degroote
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Weigand
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Renner
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Cornelia A. Deeg
- Chair of Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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15
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Duodenal Metatranscriptomics to Define Human and Microbial Functional Alterations Associated with Severe Obesity: A Pilot Study. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111811. [PMID: 33213098 PMCID: PMC7698607 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disorder, and the gut microbiome has been suggested to contribute to its onset. In order to better clarify the role of the microbiome in obesity, we evaluated the metatranscriptome in duodenal biopsies from a cohort of 23 adult severely obese and lean control subjects using next generation sequencing. Our aim was to provide a general picture of the duodenal metatranscriptome associated with severe obesity. We found altered expressions of human and microbial genes in the obese compared to lean subjects, with most of the gene alterations being present in the carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolic pathways. Defects were also present in several human genes involved in epithelial intestinal cells differentiation and function, as well as in the immunity/inflammation pathways. Moreover, the microbial taxa abundance inferred by our transcriptomic data differed in part from the data that we previously evaluated by 16S rRNA in 13/23 individuals of our cohort, particularly concerning the Firmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla abundances. In conclusion, our pilot study provides the first taxonomic and functional characterization of duodenal microbiota in severely obese subjects and lean controls. Our findings suggest that duodenal microbiome and human genes both play a role in deregulating metabolic pathways, likely affecting energy metabolism and thus contributing to the obese phenotype.
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16
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Shijo M, Hamasaki H, Honda H, Suzuki SO, Tachibana M, Ago T, Kitazono T, Iihara K, Iwaki T. Upregulation of Annexin A1 in Reactive Astrocytes and Its Subtle Induction in Microglia at the Boundaries of Human Brain Infarcts. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 78:961-970. [PMID: 31504683 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A1 (ANXA1) has multiple functions, including anti-inflammatory effects, and is thought to be neuroprotective in various pathophysiologies of the central nervous system. The importance of ANXA1 in microglia and endothelial cells in ischemic environments in the brain has been recognized, but its detailed behavior in astrocytes in the ischemic brain remains unknown. Using immunohistochemistry, we therefore assessed the altered distribution of ANXA1 in human brain infarcts using 14 autopsied samples and 18 surgical samples. Elevated expression of ANXA1 was observed in reactive astrocytes in peri-infarct regions. ANXA1 accumulated at the cell periphery and in swollen cytoplasmic processes of reactive astrocytes, as well as at the rim of vacuoles at the boundary of necrosis, and colocalized with aberrantly distributed aquaporin 4 and excitatory amino acid transporter 1. Foamy macrophages in the necrotic core also expressed abundant ANXA1, whereas resident microglia at the boundary of necrosis rarely showed intrinsic expression of ANXA1. This characteristic distribution of ANXA1 in human brain infarcts may represent the good adaptability of reactive astrocytes to ischemic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shijo
- Department of Neuropathology.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Koji Iihara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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17
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G3BP1 knockdown sensitizes U87 glioblastoma cell line to Bortezomib by inhibiting stress granules assembly and potentializing apoptosis. J Neurooncol 2019; 144:463-473. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Grewal T, Enrich C, Rentero C, Buechler C. Annexins in Adipose Tissue: Novel Players in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143449. [PMID: 31337068 PMCID: PMC6678658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and the associated comorbidities are a growing health threat worldwide. Adipose tissue dysfunction, impaired adipokine activity, and inflammation are central to metabolic diseases related to obesity. In particular, the excess storage of lipids in adipose tissues disturbs cellular homeostasis. Amongst others, organelle function and cell signaling, often related to the altered composition of specialized membrane microdomains (lipid rafts), are affected. Within this context, the conserved family of annexins are well known to associate with membranes in a calcium (Ca2+)- and phospholipid-dependent manner in order to regulate membrane-related events, such as trafficking in endo- and exocytosis and membrane microdomain organization. These multiple activities of annexins are facilitated through their diverse interactions with a plethora of lipids and proteins, often in different cellular locations and with consequences for the activity of receptors, transporters, metabolic enzymes, and signaling complexes. While increasing evidence points at the function of annexins in lipid homeostasis and cell metabolism in various cells and organs, their role in adipose tissue, obesity and related metabolic diseases is still not well understood. Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a potent pro-resolving mediator affecting the regulation of body weight and metabolic health. Relevant for glucose metabolism and fatty acid uptake in adipose tissue, several studies suggest AnxA2 to contribute to coordinate glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation and to associate with the fatty acid transporter CD36. On the other hand, AnxA6 has been linked to the control of adipocyte lipolysis and adiponectin release. In addition, several other annexins are expressed in fat tissues, yet their roles in adipocytes are less well examined. The current review article summarizes studies on the expression of annexins in adipocytes and in obesity. Research efforts investigating the potential role of annexins in fat tissue relevant to health and metabolic disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Purvis GSD, Solito E, Thiemermann C. Annexin-A1: Therapeutic Potential in Microvascular Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:938. [PMID: 31114582 PMCID: PMC6502989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin-A1 (ANXA1) was first discovered in the early 1980's as a protein, which mediates (some of the) anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. Subsequently, the role of ANXA1 in inflammation has been extensively studied. The biology of ANXA1 is complex and it has many different roles in both health and disease. Its effects as a potent endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator are well-described in both acute and chronic inflammation and its role in activating the pro-resolution phase receptor, FPR2, has been described and is now being exploited for therapeutic benefit. In the present mini review, we will endeavor to give an overview of ANXA1 biology in relation to inflammation and functions that mediate pro-resolution that are independent of glucocorticoid induction. We will focus on the role of ANXA1 in diseases with a large inflammatory component focusing on diabetes and microvascular disease. Finally, we will explore the possibility of exploiting ANXA1 as a novel therapeutic target in diabetes and the treatment of microvascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth S D Purvis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Egle Solito
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Thiemermann
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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Antiinflammatory peptides: current knowledge and promising prospects. Inflamm Res 2018; 68:125-145. [PMID: 30560372 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is part of the regular host reaction to injury or infection caused by toxic factors, pathogens, damaged cells, irritants, and allergens. Antiinflammatory peptides (AIPs) are present in all living organisms, and many peptides from herbal, mammalian, bacterial, and marine origins have been shown to have antimicrobial and/or antiinflammatory properties. METHODS In this study, we investigated the effects of antiinflammatory peptides on inflammation, and highlighted the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects. RESULTS In multicellular organisms, including humans, AIPs constitute an essential part of their immune system. In addition, numerous natural and synthetic AIPs are effective immunomodulators and can interfere with signal transduction pathways involved in inflammatory cytokine expression. Among them, some peptides such as antiflammin, N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP), and those derived from velvet antler proteins, bee venom, horse fly salivary gland, and bovine β-casein have received considerable attention over the past few years. CONCLUSION This article presents an overview on the major properties and mechanisms of action associated with AIPs as immunomodulatory, chemotactic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents. In addition, the results of various studies dealing with effects of AIPs on numerous classical models of inflammation are reviewed and discussed.
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