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Ou Z, Li P, Wu L, Wu Y, Qin L, Fang L, Xu H, Pei K, Chen J. Albiflorin alleviates neuroinflammation of rats after MCAO via PGK1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112439. [PMID: 38870884 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is acknowledged as one of the most frequent causes of death and disability, in which neuroinflammation plays a critical role. Emerging evidence supports that the PGK1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling can modulate inflammation and oxidative injury. Albiflorin (ALB), a main component of Radix paeoniae Alba, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. However, how it exerts a protective role still needs further exploration. In our study, the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established, and the Longa score was applied to investigate the degree of neurological impairment. Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and Malondialdehyde (MDA) assay were used to detect the level of lipid peroxidation. 2, 3, 5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to measure the infarct area. Evans blue staining was employed to observe the integrality of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The injury of brain tissue in each group was observed via HE staining. Immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot assay were used for the measurement of inflammatory factors and protein levels. We finally observed that ALB relieved cerebral infarction symptoms, attenuated oxidative damage in brain tissues, and reduced neuroinflammation and cell injury in MCAO rats. The overexpression of PGK1 abrogated the protective effect of ALB after experimental cerebral infarction. ALB promoted PGK1 degradation and induced Nrf2 signaling cascade activation for subsequent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant damage. Generally speaking, ALB exerted a protective role in treating cerebral ischemia, and it might target at PGK1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Thus, ALB might be a potential therapeutic agent to alleviate neuroinflammation and protect brain cells after cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Ou
- Department of Neurology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peiyi Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China; The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lili Wu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lina Qin
- Department of Neurology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Neurology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Pei
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Juping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China.
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Dang Y, Huang J, Lin C, Xu S. Investigation of the association between the Toll-like receptor 1 rs4833095 variation and gastric adenocarcinoma recurrence. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:287-299. [PMID: 38196279 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of transmembrane receptors that play key roles in identifying invading pathogens and activating innate immunity. TLR1 has been reported to be associated with the risk of gastric cancer (GC) but that was based on only a simple statistical analysis. METHODS We genotyped the TLR1 in 526 GC patients to investigate the association between the variation and gastric cancer survival by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction and sequencing method. The rs4833095 variation (chr4:38798089 [GRCh38. p14], T > C) in the TLR1 gene was genotyped in 526 patients who underwent GC resection. The associations between genotype, survival, and recurrence were investigated. The potential role of TLR1 in stomach cancer was investigated using clinical data from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. RESULTS Patients with the T/C and C/C genotypes of rs4833095 had a lower risk of recurrence than those with the T/T genotype. Recurrence-free periods were substantially longer in patients with the T/C or C/C genotypes (22.6 and 22.3 months, respectively) than in those with the T/T genotype (20.7 months). Patients with the T/C or C/C genotype, low expression levels of VEGF1, high expression levels of ERBB2 and ERCC1, the absence of cancer nodules, a tumor size of less than 5 cm, and poor differentiation had a considerably reduced risk of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS TLR1 rs4833095 was correlated with the postresection prognosis of patients with gastric cancer, suggesting that TLR1 may have a role in the onset or progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Dang
- Innovation Center for Cancer Research, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Cancer Screening and Early Diagnosis, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingyun Huang
- Innovation Center for Cancer Research, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Cancer Screening and Early Diagnosis, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of General Surgery, 900th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, Dongfang Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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3
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Alhamdan F, Bayarsaikhan G, Yuki K. Toll-like receptors and integrins crosstalk. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403764. [PMID: 38915411 PMCID: PMC11194410 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune system recognizes invading microbes at both pathogen and antigen levels. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in the first-line defense against pathogens. Major functions of TLRs include cytokine and chemokine production. TLRs share common downstream signaling pathways with other receptors. The crosstalk revolving around TLRs is rather significant and complex, underscoring the intricate nature of immune system. The profiles of produced cytokines and chemokines via TLRs can be affected by other receptors. Integrins are critical heterodimeric adhesion molecules expressed on many different cells. There are studies describing synergetic or inhibitory interplay between TLRs and integrins. Thus, we reviewed the crosstalk between TLRs and integrins. Understanding the nature of the crosstalk could allow us to modulate TLR functions via integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Alhamdan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ganchimeg Bayarsaikhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Koichi Yuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesia and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
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4
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Qian Z, Zhang Q, Li P, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li R, Zhao T, Xia M, Chen Y, Hong X. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase-8 Protects Against Erastin-Induced Neuronal Ferroptosis via Activating Nrf2/HO-1/FTH1 Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3490-3502. [PMID: 37995078 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent programmed cell death caused by the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-8 (ADAM8) is a metalloproteinase that mediates cell adhesion, cell migration, and proteolytic activity. However, the molecular mechanism of ADAM8 regulating ferroptosis after neural disorder is unclear, especially in the neuron. In the present study, we identified the protective role of ADAM8 in Erastin-induced ferroptosis in vitro of the HT22 cells. It was found that overexpression of ADAM8 resulted in upregulated expression of GPX4 and FTH1 along with the decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and reduced neuronal death; however, knockdown of ADAM8 resulted in an opposite. Mechanically, using the Nrf2 activator NK-252 and inhibitor nrf2-IN-1, we dmonstrated that ADAM8 regulates Erastin-mediated neuronal ferroptosis via activating the Nrf2/HO-1/FTH1 signaling pathway. In conclusion, the current study suggested that ADAM8 inhibited Erastin-induced neuronal ferroptosis through activating the Nrf2/HO-1/FTH1 signaling pathway, playing a protective role in vitro of the HT22 cell line. ADAM8 may be a promising and feasible target for neuronal survival in diseases of neural disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyang Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Postgraduate School, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Taizhou Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Rulin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou People Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
- Postgraduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingjie Xia
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China.
| | - Yongyi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhang Y, Hei F, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Han J, Hu D, Wang H. Acidic fibroblast growth factor inhibits reactive oxygen species-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in vascular endothelial cells via the miR-155-5p/SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to promote wound healing in diabetic mice. BURNS & TRAUMA 2024; 12:tkae010. [PMID: 38803612 PMCID: PMC11129767 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Diabetic chronic wounds are among the most common and serious complications of diabetes and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a specific pathological state in which endothelial cells are transformed into mesenchymal cells in response to various stimuli, such as high glucose levels and high oxidative stress. Acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), which is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family, possesses strong antioxidant properties and can promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into angiogenic cells. Therefore, we investigated the role of aFGF in EndMT in diabetic wounds and analysed the underlying mechanisms. Methods A diabetic mouse model was used to verify the effect of aFGF on wound healing, and the effect of aFGF on vascular endothelial cells in a high-glucose environment was examined in vitro. We examined the expression of miR-155-5p in a high-glucose environment and the miR-155 downstream target gene SIRT1 by luciferase reporter assays. Results aFGF promoted wound closure and neovascularization in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. In vitro, aFGF inhibited the production of total and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vascular endothelial cells and alleviated epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in a high-glucose environment. Mechanistically, aFGF promoted the expression of SIRT1 and the downstream targets Nrf2 and HO-1 by negatively regulating miR-155-5p, thereby reducing ROS generation. Conclusions In conclusion, our results suggest that aFGF inhibits ROS-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation in diabetic vascular endothelial cells via the miR-155-5p/SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis, thereby promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Fenghui Hei
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yujie Xiao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Juntao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Liu X, Huang Q, Li W, Yu J, Yu J, Yang Y, Song H, Liu Y, Niu X, Li W. The inhibitory impact of Schisandrin on inflammation and oxidative stress alleviates LPS-induced acute kidney injury. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024. [PMID: 38798098 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are the major pathogenic characteristics of acute kidney injury (AKI). Studies have shown that Schisandrin (Sch) could regulate inflammatory disease. However, the function and mechanism of Sch in AKI progression are still unknown. Here, we investigated Sch's potential effects and mechanism on mice's renal damage and macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Sch decreased LPS-induced inflammatory factor production while increasing the activity of related antioxidant enzymes in macrophages and mouse kidney tissues. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that Sch may have the ability to profoundly inhibit inflammatory cell invasion and tissue damage caused by LPS in renal tissue. Furthermore, Western blot and immunohistochemical studies showed that Sch exerted its effects mainly through up-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 and inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4‒mitogen-activated protein kinases/nuclear factor-kappa B pathways. Collectively, this study illustrates that Sch suppresses LPS-stimulated AKI by descending inflammation and OS, illuminating prospective AKI treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxia Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Wenqi Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Jinjin Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Jiabao Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yajie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Huixin Song
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
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Márton RA, Sebők C, Mackei M, Tráj P, Vörösházi J, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Pap12-6: A host defense peptide with potent immunomodulatory activity in a chicken hepatic cell culture. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302913. [PMID: 38728358 PMCID: PMC11086923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the fight against antimicrobial resistance, host defense peptides (HDPs) are increasingly referred to as promising molecules for the design of new antimicrobial agents. In terms of their future clinical use, particularly small, synthetic HDPs offer several advantages, based on which their application as feed additives has aroused great interest in the poultry sector. However, given their complex mechanism of action and the limited data about the cellular effects in production animals, their investigation is of great importance in these species. The present study aimed to examine the immunomodulatory activity of the synthetic HDP Pap12-6 (PAP) solely and in inflammatory environments evoked by lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), in a primary chicken hepatocyte-non-parenchymal cell co-culture. Based on the investigation of the extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, PAP seemed to exert no cytotoxicity on hepatic cells, suggesting its safe application. Moreover, PAP was able to influence the immune response, reflected by the decreased production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and "regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted"(RANTES), as well as the reduced IL-6/IL-10 ratio in Poly I:C-induced inflammation. PAP also diminished the levels of extracellular H2O2 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) when applied together with Poly I:C and in both inflammatory conditions, respectively. Consequently, PAP appeared to display potent immunomodulatory activity, preferring to act towards the cellular anti-inflammatory and antioxidant processes. These findings confirm that PAP might be a promising alternative for designing novel antimicrobial immunomodulatory agents for chickens, thereby contributing to the reduction of the use of conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
- National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
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Ning Y, Dou X, Wang Z, Shi K, Wang Z, Ding C, Sang X, Zhong X, Shao M, Han X, Cao G. SIRT3: A potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108639. [PMID: 38561088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase located in the mitochondria, which mainly regulates the acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. In addition, SIRT3 is involved in critical biological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and apoptosis, all of which are closely related to the progression of liver disease. Liver fibrosis characterized by the deposition of extracellular matrix is a result of long termed or repeated liver damage, frequently accompanied by damaged hepatocytes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, and the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Based on the functions and pharmacology of SIRT3, we will review its roles in liver fibrosis from three aspects: First, the main functions and pharmacological effects of SIRT3 were investigated based on its structure. Second, the roles of SIRT3 in major cells in the liver were summarized to reveal its mechanism in developing liver fibrosis. Last, drugs that regulate SIRT3 to prevent and treat liver fibrosis were discussed. In conclusion, exploring the pharmacological effects of SIRT3, especially in the liver, may be a potential strategy for treating liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Dou
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Dahab M, Idris H, Zhang P, Aladhadh M, Alatawi EA, Ming LC, Goh KW, Ser HL. Influence of Maqian essential oil on gut microbiota and immunoresponses in type 1 diabetes: In silico study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29490. [PMID: 38655301 PMCID: PMC11035065 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diversity and homeostasis of gut bacterial composition is highly associated with the pathogenesis of insulin dysfunction and type 1 diabetes melittus (T1D), hence emerged in parallel with the activation of autoimmunity. We aimed to study the bioactive potential of essential oil from Zanthoxylum myriacanthum var. pubescens Huang (Maqian) through computational approaches. Twelve chemical constituents derived from Maqian essential oil were docked with selected proteins (i.e., 3pig, 1kho, 7dmq, 4m4d, 2z65, 4glp, and 3fxi) in which are involved in gut microbiota modulation in T1D. Subsequently, the prediction of bioavailability properties of the small molecules were evaluated. Among all chemical constituents, the post-docking interaction analysis demonstrated that α-phellandrene exhibits the strongest binding affinity and induces gut microbiota modulation with β-fructofuranosidase from Bifidobacterium longum. The current result revealed the potential of 3-Carene and α-Pinene in inducing specific changes in gut microbiota downregulating Clostridium perfringens and quenching Leptotrichia shahii respectively. β-Pinene possess exceptionally strong binding affinity that effectively disrupt the interaction between lipopolysaccharide and its cognate receptors, while α-Phellandrene was exhibited the uppermost binding affinity with TLR4/MD2 and could likely target TLR4 stimulating lipopolysaccharide. Our results are the first to report on the gut microbiota modulation effects of α-Phellandrene and β-Phellandrene via actions on LPS binding to CD14 and the TLR4 co-receptor signaling. In conclusion, our findings based on computational approaches, small molecules from Maqian present as promising agents which could regulate inflammatory response and modulate gut microbiota in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Dahab
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, International University of Africa, P.O. Box 2469, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Hajo Idris
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ping Zhang
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
| | - Mohammed Aladhadh
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eid A Alatawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Hooi-Leng Ser
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, 47500, Malaysia
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10
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Zhang YX, Zhang YJ, Li M, Tian JX, Tong XL. Common Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Treatment of Diabetic Gastroparesis. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 30:143-155. [PMID: 38576367 PMCID: PMC10999838 DOI: 10.5056/jnm23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, marked by gastrointestinal motility disorder, a delayed gastric emptying present in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Clinical manifestations include postprandial fullness and epigastric discomfort, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. DGP may significantly affect the quality of life and productivity of patients. Research on the relationship between gastrointestinal dynamics and DGP has received much attention because of the increasing prevalence of DGP. Gastrointestinal motility disorders are closely related to a variety of factors including the absence and destruction of interstitial cells of Cajal, abnormalities in the neuro-endocrine system and hormone levels. Therefore, this study will review recent literature on the mechanisms of DGP and gastrointestinal motility disorders as well as the development of prokinetic treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders in order to give future research directions and identify treatment strategies for DGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Jiao Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Xing Tian
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Wang H, Han J, Dmitrii G, Zhang XA. Potential Targets of Natural Products for Improving Cardiac Ischemic Injury: The Role of Nrf2 Signaling Transduction. Molecules 2024; 29:2005. [PMID: 38731496 PMCID: PMC11085255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia is the leading cause of health loss from cardiovascular disease worldwide. Myocardial ischemia and hypoxia during exercise trigger the risk of sudden exercise death which, in severe cases, will further lead to myocardial infarction. The Nrf2 transcription factor is an important antioxidant regulator that is extensively engaged in biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and mitochondrial malfunction. It has a significant role in the prevention and treatment of several cardiovascular illnesses, since it can control not only the expression of several antioxidant genes, but also the target genes of associated pathological processes. Therefore, targeting Nrf2 will have great potential in the treatment of myocardial ischemic injury. Natural products are widely used to treat myocardial ischemic diseases because of their few side effects. A large number of studies have shown that the Nrf2 transcription factor can be used as an important way for natural products to alleviate myocardial ischemia. However, the specific role and related mechanism of Nrf2 in mediating natural products in the treatment of myocardial ischemia is still unclear. Therefore, this review combs the key role and possible mechanism of Nrf2 in myocardial ischemic injury, and emphatically summarizes the significant role of natural products in treating myocardial ischemic symptoms, thus providing a broad foundation for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China; (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Juanjuan Han
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China; (H.W.); (J.H.)
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Gorbachev Dmitrii
- General Hygiene Department, Samara State Medical University, Samara 443000, Russia;
| | - Xin-an Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China; (H.W.); (J.H.)
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12
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Vitucci ECM, Simmons AE, Martin EM, McCullough SD. Epithelial MAPK signaling directs endothelial NRF2 signaling and IL-8 secretion in a tri-culture model of the alveolar-microvascular interface following diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) exposure. Part Fibre Toxicol 2024; 21:15. [PMID: 38468337 PMCID: PMC10926573 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) deposition in the lung's alveolar capillary region (ACR) is significantly associated with respiratory disease development, yet the molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. Adverse responses that promote respiratory disease development involve orchestrated, intercellular signaling between multiple cell types within the ACR. We investigated the molecular mechanisms elicited in response to PM2.5 deposition in the ACR, in an in vitro model that enables intercellular communication between multiple resident cell types of the ACR. METHODS An in vitro, tri-culture model of the ACR, incorporating alveolar-like epithelial cells (NCI-H441), pulmonary fibroblasts (IMR90), and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HULEC) was developed to investigate cell type-specific molecular responses to a PM2.5 exposure in an in-vivo-like model. This tri-culture in vitro model was termed the alveolar capillary region exposure (ACRE) model. Alveolar epithelial cells in the ACRE model were exposed to a suspension of diesel exhaust particulates (DEP) (20 µg/cm2) with an average diameter of 2.5 µm. Alveolar epithelial barrier formation, and transcriptional and protein expression alterations in the directly exposed alveolar epithelial and the underlying endothelial cells were investigated over a 24 h DEP exposure. RESULTS Alveolar epithelial barrier formation was not perturbed by the 24 h DEP exposure. Despite no alteration in barrier formation, we demonstrate that alveolar epithelial DEP exposure induces transcriptional and protein changes in both the alveolar epithelial cells and the underlying microvascular endothelial cells. Specifically, we show that the underlying microvascular endothelial cells develop redox dysfunction and increase proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Furthermore, we demonstrate that alveolar epithelial MAPK signaling modulates the activation of NRF2 and IL-8 secretion in the underlying microvascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Endothelial redox dysfunction and increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion are two common events in respiratory disease development. These findings highlight new, cell-type specific roles of the alveolar epithelium and microvascular endothelium in the ACR in respiratory disease development following PM2.5 exposure. Ultimately, these data expand our current understanding of respiratory disease development following particle exposures and illustrate the utility of multicellular in vitro systems for investigating respiratory tract health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C M Vitucci
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Curriculum in Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- The Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alysha E Simmons
- Curriculum in Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Martin
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shaun D McCullough
- Exposure and Protection, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Durham, NC, USA.
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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13
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Vahidinia Z, Azami Tameh A, Barati S, Izadpanah M, Seyed Hosseini E. Nrf2 activation: a key mechanism in stem cell exosomes-mediated therapies. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:30. [PMID: 38431569 PMCID: PMC10909300 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized membrane extracellular vesicles which can be released from various types of cells. Exosomes originating from inflammatory or injured cells can have detrimental effects on recipient cells, while exosomes derived from stem cells not only facilitate the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues but also inhibit inflammation and provide protective effects against various diseases, suggesting they may serve as an alternative strategy of stem cells transplantation. Exosomes have a fundamental role in communication between cells, through the transfer of proteins, bioactive lipids and nucleic acids (like miRNAs and mRNAs) between cells. This transfer significantly impacts both the physiological and pathological functions of recipient cells. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, is able to mitigate damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation through various signaling pathways. The positive effects resulting from the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway in different disorders have been documented in various types of literature. Studies have confirmed that exosomes derived from stem cells could act as Nrf2 effective agonists. However, limited studies have explored the Nrf2 role in the therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived exosomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing knowledge concerning the role of Nrf2 signaling pathways in the impact exerted by stem cell exosomes in some common diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Vahidinia
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Azami Tameh
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shirin Barati
- Department of Anatomy, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Melika Izadpanah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elahe Seyed Hosseini
- Gametogenesis Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran
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14
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Salem MB, Saleh AM, Seif El-Din SH, Samir S, Hammam OA, El-Lakkany NM. Molecular docking, characterization, ADME/toxicity prediction, and anti-ulcer activity of new quercetin derivatives on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116880. [PMID: 38447874 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer (GU) is a serious upper gastrointestinal tract disorder that affects people worldwide. The drugs now available for GU treatment have a high rate of relapses and drug interactions, as well as mild to severe side effects. As a result, new natural therapeutic medications for treating GU with fewer negative side effects are desperately needed. Because of quercetin's (QCT) diverse pharmacological effects and unique structural features, we decided to semi-synthesize new QCT derivatives and test them for antiulcer activity. Docking assays were performed on the synthesized compounds to determine their affinity for TLR-4/MD-2, MyD88/TIR, and NF-κB domains, an important inflammatory pathway involved in GU development and progression. Mice were given oral famotidine (40 mg/kg/day), QCT, QCT pentamethyl (QPM), or QCT pentaacetyl (QPA) (50 mg/kg/day) for 5 days before GU induction by a single intraperitoneal injection of indomethacin (INDO; 18 mg/kg). QPM and QPA have a stronger binding affinity for TLR-4/MD-2, MyD88/TIR and NF-κB domains than QCT. In comparison, they demonstrated the greatest reduction in ulcer score and index, gastric MDA and nitric oxide (NO) contents, MyD88 and NF-κB expressions, and gastric TLR-4 immunostaining. They also enhanced the levels of GSH, CAT, COX-1, and COX-2 in the gastric mucosa, as well as HO-1 and Nrf2 expression, with histological regression in gastric mucosal lesions, with QPA-treated mice demonstrating the best GU healing. QPA is safe against all of the target organs and adverse pathways studied, with good ADME properties. However, further in vitro experiments are necessary to demonstrate the inhibitory effects of QPM and QPA on the protein targets of interest. In addition, preclinical research on its bioavailability and safety is essential before clinical management can be undertaken. Overall, the new QPA derivative could one day serve as the basis for a new class of potential antiulcer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha B Salem
- Pharmacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Abdulrahman M Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Safia Samir
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Olfat A Hammam
- Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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15
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Dambuza A, Rungqu P, Oyedeji AO, Miya G, Oriola AO, Hosu YS, Oyedeji OO. Therapeutic Potential of Pectin and Its Derivatives in Chronic Diseases. Molecules 2024; 29:896. [PMID: 38398646 PMCID: PMC10892547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are described as a collection of chronic diseases that do not typically develop from an acute infection, have long-term health effects, and frequently require ongoing care and therapy. These diseases include heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic lung disease, neurological diseases, osteoporosis, mental health disorders, etc. Known synthetic drugs for the treatment or prevention of NCDs become increasingly dangerous over time and pose high risks due to side effects such as hallucination, heart attack, liver failure, etc. As a result, scientists have had to look for other alternatives that are natural products and that are known to be less detrimental and contain useful bioactive compounds. The increasing understanding of the biological and pharmacological significance of carbohydrates has helped to raise awareness of their importance in living systems and medicine, given they play numerous biological roles. For example, pectin has been identified as a class of secondary metabolites found in medicinal plants that may play a significant role in the treatment and management of a variety of NCDs. Pectin is mainly made of homogalacturonan, which is a linear polymer composed primarily of D-galacturonic acid units (at least 65%) linked in a chain by α-(1,4)-glycosidic linkages. There are also modified pectins or derivatives that improve pectin's bioavailability. Pectin is found in the cell walls of higher plants (pteridophytes, angiosperms, and gymnosperms), particularly in the middle lamella of the plant material. Citrus pectin is used in various industries. This article compiles information that has been available for years about the therapeutic importance of pectin in chronic diseases, different modes of pectin extraction, the chemistry of pectin, and the potency of pectin and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anathi Dambuza
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa;
| | - Pamela Rungqu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa;
| | - Adebola Omowunmi Oyedeji
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, P/Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa; (A.O.O.); (G.M.); (A.O.O.)
| | - Gugulethu Miya
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, P/Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa; (A.O.O.); (G.M.); (A.O.O.)
| | - Ayodeji Oluwabunmi Oriola
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, P/Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa; (A.O.O.); (G.M.); (A.O.O.)
| | - Yiseyon Sunday Hosu
- Department of Business Management and Economics, Faculty of Economics and Financial Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, P/Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa;
| | - Opeoluwa Oyehan Oyedeji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P/Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa;
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Balcazar-Ochoa LG, Ventura-Martínez R, Ángeles-López GE, Gómez-Acevedo C, Carrasco OF, Sampieri-Cabrera R, Chavarría A, González-Hernández A. Clavulanic Acid and its Potential Therapeutic Effects on the Central Nervous System. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:102916. [PMID: 38039802 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2023.102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Clavulanic acid (CLAV) is a non-antibiotic β-lactam that has been used since the late 1970s as a β-lactamase inhibitor in combination with amoxicillin, another ß-lactam with antibiotic activity. Its long-observed adverse reaction profile allows it to say that CLAV is a well-tolerated drug with mainly mild adverse reactions. Interestingly, in 2005, it was discovered that β-lactams enhance the astrocytic expression of GLT-1, a glutamate transporter essential for maintaining synaptic glutamate homeostasis involved in several pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS). This finding, along with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, prompted the appearance of several studies that intended to evaluate the effect of CLAV in preclinical disease models. Studies have revealed that CLAV can increase GLT-1 expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), and spinal cord of rodents, to affect glutamate and dopaminergic neurotransmission, and exert an anti-inflammatory effect by modulating the levels of the cytokines TNF-α and interleukin 10 (IL-10). CLAV has been tested with positive results in preclinical models of epilepsy, addiction, stroke, neuropathic and inflammatory pain, dementia, Parkinson's disease, and sexual and anxiety behavior. These properties make CLAV a potential therapeutic drug if repurposed. Therefore, this review aims to gather information on CLAV's effect on preclinical neurological disease models and to give some perspectives on its potential therapeutic use in some diseases of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Ventura-Martínez
- Farmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | - Claudia Gómez-Acevedo
- Farmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Omar Francisco Carrasco
- Farmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raúl Sampieri-Cabrera
- Phyisiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anahí Chavarría
- Experimental Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Esmaealzadeh N, Ram M, Abdolghaffari A, Marques AM, Bahramsoltani R. Toll-like receptors in inflammatory bowel disease: A review of the role of phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155178. [PMID: 38007993 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract with a remarkable impact on patients' quality of life. Toll-like receptors (TLR), as a key contributor of immune system in inflammation, has a critical role in the pathogenesis of IBD and thus, can be a suitable target of therapeutic agents. Medicinal plants have long been considered as a source of bioactive agents for different diseases, including IBD. PURPOSE This review discusses current state of the art on the role of plant-derived compounds for the management of IBD with a focus on TLRs. METHODS Electronic database including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to January 2023 and all studies in which anticolitis effects of a phytochemical was assessed via modulation of TLRs were considered. RESULTS Different categories of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, lignans, alkaloids, terpenes, saccharides, and saponins have demonstrated modulatory effects on TLR in different animal and cell models of bowel inflammation. Flavonoids were the most studied phytochemicals amongst others. Also, TLR4 was the most important type of TLRs which were modulated by phytochemicals. Other mechanisms such as inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-κB pathway, nitric oxide synthesis pathway, cyclooxygenase-2, lipid peroxidation, as well as induction of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms were also reported for phytochemicals in various IBD models. CONCLUSION Taken together, a growing body of pre-clinical evidence support the efficacy of herbal compounds for the treatment of IBD via modulation of TLRs. Future clinical studies are recommended to assess the safety and efficacy of these compounds in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Esmaealzadeh
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobe Ram
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - André Mesquita Marques
- Department of Natural Products, Institute of Drug Technology (Farmanguinhos), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Pfefferlé M, Vallelian F. Transcription Factor NRF2 in Shaping Myeloid Cell Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:159-195. [PMID: 39017844 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcription factor (TF) that coordinates key cellular homeostatic processes including antioxidative responses, autophagy, proteostasis, and metabolism. The emerging evidence underscores its significant role in modulating inflammatory and immune processes. This chapter delves into the role of NRF2 in myeloid cell differentiation and function and its implication in myeloid cell-driven diseases. In macrophages, NRF2 modulates cytokine production, phagocytosis, pathogen clearance, and metabolic adaptations. In dendritic cells (DCs), it affects maturation, cytokine production, and antigen presentation capabilities, while in neutrophils, NRF2 is involved in activation, migration, cytokine production, and NETosis. The discussion extends to how NRF2's regulatory actions pertain to a wide array of diseases, such as sepsis, various infectious diseases, cancer, wound healing, atherosclerosis, hemolytic conditions, pulmonary disorders, hemorrhagic events, and autoimmune diseases. The activation of NRF2 typically reduces inflammation, thereby modifying disease outcomes. This highlights the therapeutic potential of NRF2 modulation in treating myeloid cell-driven pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pfefferlé
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Florence Vallelian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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19
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Neagu M, Constantin C, Surcel M, Munteanu A, Scheau C, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Caruntu C. Diabetic neuropathy: A NRF2 disease? J Diabetes 2023. [PMID: 38158644 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has multifarious action with its target genes having redox-regulating functions and being involved in inflammation control, proteostasis, autophagy, and metabolic pathways. Therefore, the genes controlled by NRF2 are involved in the pathogenesis of myriad diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. Amidst this large array of diseases, diabetic neuropathy (DN) occurs in half of patients diagnosed with diabetes and appears as an injury inflicted upon peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. As a complex effector factor, NRF2 has entered the spotlight during the search of new biomarkers and/or new therapy targets in DN. Due to the growing attention for NRF2 as a modulating factor in several diseases, including DN, this paper aims to update the recently discovered regulatory pathways of NRF2 in oxidative stress, inflammation and immunity. It presents the animal models that further facilitated the human studies in regard to NRF2 modulation and the possibilities of using NRF2 as DN biomarker and/or as target therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
- Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
- Doctoral School, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
- Pathology Department, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Surcel
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Munteanu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine - Coltea Clinical Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, "Prof. N.C. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest, Romania
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Jin M, Fang J, Wang JJ, Shao X, Xu SW, Liu PQ, Ye WC, Liu ZP. Regulation of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways in atherosclerosis: from mechanisms to targeted therapeutics. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2358-2375. [PMID: 37550526 PMCID: PMC10692204 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01123-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, one of the life-threatening cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), has been demonstrated to be a chronic inflammatory disease, and inflammatory and immune processes are involved in the origin and development of the disease. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a class of pattern recognition receptors that trigger innate immune responses by identifying pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), regulate numerous acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies reveal that TLRs have a vital role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, including the initiation of endothelial dysfunction, interaction of various immune cells, and activation of a number of other inflammatory pathways. We herein summarize some other inflammatory signaling pathways, protein molecules, and cellular responses associated with TLRs, such as NLRP3, Nrf2, PCSK9, autophagy, pyroptosis and necroptosis, which are also involved in the development of AS. Targeting TLRs and their regulated inflammatory events could be a promising new strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic CVDs. Novel drugs that exert therapeutic effects on AS through TLRs and their related pathways are increasingly being developed. In this article, we comprehensively review the current knowledge of TLR signaling pathways in atherosclerosis and actively seek potential therapeutic strategies using TLRs as a breakthrough point in the prevention and therapy of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People's Hospital of Huadu District), Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xin Shao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Suo-Wen Xu
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Pei-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Zhi-Ping Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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21
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Zhu L, Li Y, Qiu L, Chen X, Guo B, Li H, Qi P. Screening of genes encoding proteins that interact with Nrf2: Probing a cDNA library from Mytilus coruscus using a yeast two-hybrid system. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109112. [PMID: 37751644 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The Nuclear factor Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the most important endogenous antioxidant factor in organisms, and it has been demonstrated that it exerts extensive control over the immune response by interacting with crucial innate immunity components directly or indirectly. Although Nrf2 has been widely confirmed to be involved in stress resistance in mammals and some fish, its contribution to mollusks oxidative stress resistance has not frequently been documented. In this investigation, total RNA was taken from the digestive gland of M. coruscus, and a cDNA library was constructed and screened using the GATEWAY recombination technology. The Nrf2 cDNA sequence of M. coruscus was cloned into the pGBKT7 vector to prepare the bait plasmid. Using yeast two-hybrid system, after auxotrophic medium screening, sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis, 13 binding proteins that interacted with Nrf2 were finally identified. They were QM-like protein, 40S ribosomal protein S4 (RPS4), ribosomal protein S2 (RPS2), ribosomal protein L12 (RPL12), EF1-alpha mRNA for elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1-alpha), ferritin, alpha-amylase, trypsin, vdg3, period clock protein, cyclophilin A isoform 1 (CYP A), serine protease CFSP2, histone variant H2A.Z (H2A.Z). For a better understanding the physiological function of Nrf2 in animals and as a potential target for future research on protein roles in Nrf2 interactions, it is crucial to clarify these protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Yaru Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Longmei Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Xinglu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Baoying Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China; Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316021, China.
| | - Pengzhi Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316004, China; Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316021, China.
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22
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Kanwore K, Kanwore K, Guo X, Xia Y, Zhou H, Zhang L, Adzika GK, Joseph AA, Abiola AA, Mu P, Kambey PA, Noah MLN, Gao D. Testosterone upregulates glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and promotes neuroinflammation to enhance glioma cell survival and proliferation. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:49. [PMID: 37833789 PMCID: PMC10571473 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testosterone contributes to male organism development, such as bone density, muscle development, and fat repartition. Estrogen (derived from testosterone) also contributes to female reproductive system development. Here, we investigated the effect of testosterone on glioma cells and brain neuron inflammation essential for cancer development and progression. METHODS The human astrocyte and glioma cell lines were treated with 6 ng/ml exogenous testosterone in vitro. We performed cell counting kit-8, transwell, and wound healing assays to determine the effect of testosterone on glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The glioma cells were injected into the xenograft and treated with 5 µl concentrated testosterone. Transcriptional suppression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was performed to evaluate brain neuron inflammation and survival. The tumor tissues were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Testosterone upregulates GDNF to stimulate proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. Pathologically, the augmentation of GDNF and cyclophilin A contributed to neuroprotection when treated with testosterone. Our investigation showed that testosterone contributes to brain neuron and astrocyte inflammation through the upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), resulting in pro-inflammatory macrophages recruitments into the neural microenvironment. Mechanically, testosterone treatment regulates GDNF translocation from the glioma cells and astrocyte nuclei to the cytoplasm. CONCLUSION Testosterone upregulates GDNF in glioma cells and astrocytes essential for microglial proliferation, migration, and invasion. Testosterone contributes to brain tumor growth via GDNF and inflammation. The contribution of testosterone, macrophages, and astrocytes, in old neuron rescue, survival, and proliferation. During brain neuron inflammation, the organism activates and stimulates the neuron rescue through the enrichment of the old neuron microenvironment with growth factors such as GDNF, BDNF, SOX1/2, and MAPK secreted by the surrounding neurons and glial cells to maintain the damaged neuron by inflammation alive even if the axon is dead. The immune response also contributes to brain cell survival through the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in inflammation maintenance. The rescued old neuron interaction with infiltrated macrophages contributes to angiogenesis to supplement the old neuron with more nutrients leading to metabolism activation and surrounding cell uncontrollable cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouminin Kanwore
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
| | - Konimpo Kanwore
- Mixed Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Xiaoxiao Guo
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Ying Xia
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Han Zhou
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | | | | | - Ayanlaja Abdulrahman Abiola
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Peipei Mu
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Piniel Alphayo Kambey
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | | | - DianShuai Gao
- Public Experimental Research Center, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
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23
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Nouri A, Ghatreh-Samani K, Amini-Khoei H, Najafi M, Heidarian E. Ferulic acid exerts a protective effect against cyclosporine-induced liver injury in rats via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, suppression of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and halting the apoptotic cell death. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23427. [PMID: 37354073 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury is one of the main challenges that leads to the withdrawal of several drugs in the clinical setting. Cyclosporine is one of the drugs that its long-term administration exerts devastating effects on the hepatocytes. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of ferulic acid, a natural compound found in plants, on cyclosporine-mediated hepatotoxicity. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were treated with cyclosporine and/or ferulic acid to evaluate the function as well as the morphology of liver cells. We found that ferulic acid dose-dependently recovered the functional as well as histopathological parameters of liver cells, as revealed by the improvement of hepatocellular vacuolation, portal fibroplasia, and necrosis. Moreover, this phenolic compound was able to restore the balance of the redox system in cyclosporine-treated rats by activating the nuclear factor (NF) erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling axis. Of note, the protective effects of ferulic acid against cyclosporine-mediated liver toxicity were not restricted only to induction of the potential antioxidant property, as in the presence of this agent, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin-1β was also diminished. Ferulic acid also shifted the equilibrium between the expression levels of proapoptotic to antiapoptotic proteins and thereby prevented the development of cyclosporine-induced liver injury. Overall, these findings highlighted that ferulic acid can reduce cyclosporine-induced liver injury due to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nouri
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Keihan Ghatreh-Samani
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plant Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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24
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Zhao X, Tian Z, Sun M, Dong D. Nrf2: a dark horse in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:261. [PMID: 37495572 PMCID: PMC10372151 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Being a broad-spectrum anticancer drug, doxorubicin is indispensable for clinical treatment. Unexpectedly, its cardiotoxic side effects have proven to be a formidable obstacle. Numerous studies are currently devoted to elucidating the pathological mechanisms underlying doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Nrf2 has always played a crucial role in oxidative stress, but numerous studies have demonstrated that it also plays a vital part in pathological mechanisms like cell death and inflammation. Numerous studies on the pathological mechanisms associated with doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity demonstrate this. Several clinical drugs, natural and synthetic compounds, as well as small molecule RNAs have been demonstrated to prevent doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by activating Nrf2. Consequently, this study emphasizes the introduction of Nrf2, discusses the role of Nrf2 in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and concludes with a summary of the therapeutic modalities targeting Nrf2 to ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, highlighting the potential value of Nrf2 in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Zhao
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110102, China
| | - Zheng Tian
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110102, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110102, China.
| | - Dan Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China.
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25
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Qin T, Feng D, Zhou B, Bai L, Zhou S, Du J, Xu G, Yin Y. Melatonin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced immune dysfunction in dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110282. [PMID: 37224647 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, a ubiquitous hormone, is principally secreted from pineal gland in mammals and possesses strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its specific roles in the immune functions of dendritic cells (DCs) during acute lung injury (ALI) remain unknown. In this study, we found that melatonin restored the body weight, decreased the lung weight/body weight ratio, alleviated the histopathological lung injury, and decreased the levels of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-12p70, IL-17, and IL-10) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI murine model. Moreover, melatonin inhibited the major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) expression of lung CD11b+ DCs after LPS challenge in vivo. In vitro, melatonin reversed the shape index, promoted the endocytosis, and inhibited phenotypic expression of MHCII, CD40, CD80, and CD86 in LPS-activated DCs. Furthermore, melatonin decreased the expression of an activated marker, CD69, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-12p70, and IL-17) after LPS challenge. It hampered the LPS-activated DCs migration by downregulating the C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) expression, and then weakened the ability of LPS-induced DCs to stimulate allogeneic CD4+ T cell proliferation. Melatonin shaped the immune function of DCs in a nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) axis-dependent manner. These findings indicate that melatonin protects DCs from ALI-induced immunological stress and may be used to develop novel DC-targeting strategies for ALI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Danni Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bangyue Zhou
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lirong Bai
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengjie Zhou
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiangtao Du
- Laboratory Animal Center, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yinyan Yin
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Essam RM, Saadawy MA, Gamal M, Abdelsalam RM, El-Sahar AE. Lactoferrin averts neurological and behavioral impairments of thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats via modulating HGMB1/TLR-4/MyD88/Nrf2 pathway. Neuropharmacology 2023; 236:109575. [PMID: 37201650 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a life-threatening disease caused by acute or chronic liver failure manifested by aberrant CNS changes. In the present study, we aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of lactoferrin (LF) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced HE in rats. Animals were divided into four groups, control, LF control, TAA-induced HE, and LF treatment, where LF was administered (300 mg/kg, p.o.) for 15 days in groups 2 and 4 meanwhile, TAA (200 mg/kg, i.p.) was given as two injections on days 13 and 15 for the 3rd and 4th groups. Pretreatment with LF significantly improved liver function observed as a marked decline in serum AST, ALT, and ammonia, together with lowering brain ammonia and enhancing motor coordination as well as cognitive performance. Restoration of brain oxidative status was also noted in the LF-treated group, where lipid peroxidation was hampered, and antioxidant parameters, Nrf2, HO-1, and GSH, were increased. Additionally, LF downregulated HMGB1, TLR-4, MyD88, and NF-κB signaling pathways, together with reducing inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, and enhancing brain BDNF levels. Moreover, the histopathology of brain and liver tissues revealed that LF alleviated TAA-induced liver and brain deficits. In conclusion, the promising results of LF in attenuating HMGB1/TLR-4/MyD88 signaling highlight its neuroprotective role against HE associated with acute liver injury via ameliorating neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and stimulating neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M Essam
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mariam A Saadawy
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahitab Gamal
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman E El-Sahar
- Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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27
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Sani G, Margoni S, Brugnami A, Ferrara OM, Bernardi E, Simonetti A, Monti L, Mazza M, Janiri D, Moccia L, Kotzalidis GD, Chieffo DPR, Janiri L. The Nrf2 Pathway in Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040817. [PMID: 37107192 PMCID: PMC10135298 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the involvement of antioxidative systems in protecting from depression. Among these, Nrf2 occupies a central place. We aimed to review the role of Nrf2 in depression. For this reason, we conducted a PubMed search using as search strategy (psychiatr*[ti] OR schizo*[ti] OR psychot*[ti] OR psychos*[ti] OR depress*[ti] OR MDD[ti] OR BD[ti] OR bipolar[ti] OR Anxiety[ti] OR antidepress*[ti] OR panic[ti] OR obsess*[ti] OR compulsio*[ti] OR “mood disord*”[ti] OR phobi*[ti] OR agoraphob*[ti] OR anorex*[ti] OR anorect*[ti] OR bulimi*[ti] OR “eating disorder*”[ti] OR neurodevelopm*[ti] OR retardation[ti] OR autism[ti] OR autistic[ti] OR ASM[ti] OR adhd[ti] OR “attention-deficit”[ti]) AND nrf2, which on the 9th of March produced 208 results of which 89 were eligible for our purposes. Eligible articles were studies reporting data of Nrf2 manipulations or content by any treatment in human patients or animals with any animal model of depression. Most studies were on mice only (N = 58), 20 on rats only, and three on both rats and mice. There were two studies on cell lines (in vitro) and one each on nematodes and fish. Only four studies were conducted in humans, one of which was post mortem. Most studies were conducted on male animals; however, human studies were carried out on both men and women. The results indicate that Nrf2 is lower in depression and that antidepressant methods (drugs or other methods) increase it. Antioxidant systems and plasticity-promoting molecules, such as those in the Nrf2–HO-1, BDNF–TrkB, and cyclic AMP–CREB pathways, could protect from depression, while glycogen synthase kinase-3β and nuclear factor κB oppose these actions, thus increasing depressive-like behaviours. Since Nrf2 is also endowed with tumorigenic and atherogenic potential, the balance between benefits and harms must be taken into account in designing novel drugs aiming at increasing the intracellular content of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sani
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Stella Margoni
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Brugnami
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Ottavia Marianna Ferrara
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Evelina Bernardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Simonetti
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Centro Lucio Bini, Via Crescenzio 42, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Monti
- UOS Clinical Psychology, Clinical Government, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Mazza
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moccia
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D. Kotzalidis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, University of Rome La Sapienza, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo
- UOS Clinical Psychology, Clinical Government, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Motawi TK, El-Maraghy SA, Kamel AS, Said SE, Kortam MA. Modulation of p38 MAPK and Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and pyroptosis outline the anti-neuroinflammatory and remyelinating characters of Clemastine in EAE rat model. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115435. [PMID: 36720356 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
There is vast evidence for the effect of NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome on multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Clemastine (CLM) targets NLRP3 in hypoxic brain injury and promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation. However, no previous study pointed to the link of CLM with inflammasome components in MS. Herein, the study aimed to verify the action of CLM on NLRP3 signaling in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as an MS rat model. Homogenate of spinal cord with complete Freund's adjuvant was administered on days 0 and 7 to induce EAE. Rats received either CLM (5 mg/kg/day; p.o.) or MCC950 (2.5 mg/kg/day; i.p) for 15 days starting from the first immunization day. In EAEs' brains, NLRP3 pathway components; total and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), caspase-1, interleukins 1β and -18 along with pyroptotic marker; gasdermin D (GSDMD) were upregulated. These were accompanied with diminished nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and total antioxidant capacity levels. CLM improved these perturbations as well as signs of MS; weight loss, clinical scores, and motor disorders observed in the open field, hanging wire and rotarod tests. Histopathological examinations revealed improvement in H&E abnormalities and axonal demyelination as shown by luxol fast blue stain in lumbar sections of spinal cord. These CLM's actions were studied in comparison to MCC950 as a well-established selective blocker of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Conclusively, CLM has a protective role against neuroinflammation and demyelination in EAE via its anti-inflammatory and anti-pyroptotic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek K Motawi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shohda A El-Maraghy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Salma E Said
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona A Kortam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Ainy st., 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
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29
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Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Loss by Regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:3602962. [PMID: 36778207 PMCID: PMC9908349 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3602962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of therapeutic glucocorticoids has increased the incidences of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are major causes of GIOP; therefore, alleviation of excess oxidative stress in osteoblasts is a potential therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis. Exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSCs-Exos), as novel cell-free therapeutics, can modulate various biological processes, such as immunomodulation, reduce oxidative damage, and promote tissue repair as well as regeneration. In this study, ADSCs-Exos restored the viability and osteogenic potential of MC3T3-E1 cells by attenuating apoptosis, oxidative damage, intracellular ROS generation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, after pretreatment with ADSCs-Exos, Nrf2 expressions were upregulated in Dex-stimulated osteoblasts. Inhibitory assays showed that silencing Nrf2 partially eliminated the protective effects of ADSCs-Exos. The rat model assays confirmed that ADSCs-Exos alleviated the Dex-induced increase in oxidation levels, restored bone mass of the distal femur, and increased the expressions of Nrf2 and osteogenic markers in bone tissues. Thus, ADSCs-Exos alleviated apoptosis and oxidative stress by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 expressions after Dex and prevented the development of GIOP in vivo.
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Fan W, Xu H, Shen C, Fang J, Li X. Nrf2 orchestrates transition from acute to chronic otitis media through inflammatory macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170388. [PMID: 37122744 PMCID: PMC10140394 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute and chronic otitis media (AOM and COM) are common middle ear infections that can lead to hearing loss and other complications. Recent research has shown that both macrophages and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway are involved in the immune response to and the resolution of otitis media. However, the specific effects of Nrf2 on macrophages in the transition of AOM to COM are not well understood, and a practical approach to prevent this transition by targeting Nrf2/macrophages has not been established. Methods In an AOM mouse model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection into the middle ear, middle ear effusion (OME)-macrophages were isolated and analyzed for Nrf2 expression. M2-like polarization of macrophages was induced by Nrf2 activation and its effects on inflammatory resolution were studied by examining inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative levels. The survival of human middle ear epithelial cells (HMMECs) co-cultured with Nrf2-modified macrophages was also evaluated. Furthermore, restoration of Nrf2 in macrophages with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors was performed to determine the effect on the transition of AOM to COM in experimental mice. Results Reduced Nrf2 in OME-macrophages during the recovery phase was associated with uncured AOM or its development into COM, demonstrated by persistent increases in inflammatory neutrophils and macrophages, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative levels. Nrf2 activation induced M2-like polarization of macrophages, which improved the survival of co-cultured HMMECs treated with LPS in vitro. Restoration of Nrf2 in OME-derived low-Nrf2-expressing macrophages with AAV vectors significantly inhibited the transition of AOM to COM in experimental mice. Discussion Nrf2 in macrophages plays a critical role in the immune response to and resolution of otitis media Restoration of Nrf2 expression in OME-macrophages could be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent the development of COM in AOM patients.
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Signaling pathways involved in paraquat-induced pulmonary toxicity: Molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic drugs. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zuo C, Cao H, Song Y, Gu Z, Huang Y, Yang Y, Miao J, Zhu L, Chen J, Jiang Y, Wang F. Nrf2: An all-rounder in depression. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102522. [PMID: 36335763 PMCID: PMC9641011 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between oxidation and antioxidant is crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Once disrupted, it can lead to various pathological outcomes and diseases, such as depression. Oxidative stress can result in or aggravate a battery of pathological processes including mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, autophagical disorder and ferroptosis, which have been found to be involved in the development of depression. Inhibition of oxidative stress and related pathological processes can help improve depression. In this regard, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the antioxidant defense system may play a pivotal role. Nrf2 activation can not only regulate the expression of a series of antioxidant genes that reduce oxidative stress and its damages, but also directly regulate the genes related to the above pathological processes to combat the corresponding alterations. Therefore, targeting Nrf2 has great potential for the treatment of depression. Activation of Nrf2 has antidepressant effect, but the specific mechanism remains to be elucidated. This article reviews the key role of Nrf2 in depression, focusing on the possible mechanisms of Nrf2 regulating oxidative stress and related pathological processes in depression treatment. Meanwhile, we summarize some natural and synthetic compounds targeting Nrf2 in depression therapy. All the above may provide new insights into targeting Nrf2 for the treatment of depression and provide a broad basis for clinical transformation.
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Kang Y, Song Y, Luo Y, Song J, Li C, Yang S, Guo J, Yu J, Zhang X. Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via Nrf2/NQO-1 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 192:25-36. [PMID: 36096356 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No approved effective therapy for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is currently available. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) perform the functions such as inhibiting inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, regulating immunity, but it is not clear whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) exosomes protect against NASH through Nrf2/NQO-1 pathway. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of hUC-MSCs exosomes on NASH through Nrf2/NQO-1 pathway in vivo and in vitro. METHODS C57BL/6J male mice were fed with high fat and high cholesterol diet (HFHC) and methionine choline deficiency diet (MCD). Mice were treated with or without hUC-MSCs exosomes by tail intravenous injection. The liver histology, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress were evaluated. HepG2 and AML12 cells were incubated with palmitic acid (PA) and MCD conditioned medium, respectively. Then the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs exosomes in steatotic cells was evaluated. To elucidate the signaling pathways, the Nrf2-specific blocker ML385 was applied to intervene in vitro. RESULTS In NASH models, hUC-MSCs exosomes attenuated steatosis in hepatocytes, altered the abnormal expression of lipid-related genes including SREBP-1c, PPAR-α, Fabp5, CPT1α, ACOX and FAS, suppressed the hepatic inflammatory responses by decreasing the expression of F4/80+ macrophages, CD11c+ macrophages as well as the content of TNF-α and IL-6. hUC-MSCs exosomes also inhibited oxidative stress by reducing the level of MDA, CYP2E1 and ROS, increasing the activity of SOD and GSH in hepatocytes. Notably, hUC-MSCs exosomes enhanced the protein ratio of p-Nrf2/Nrf2 and the protein expression of NQO-1. Moreover, in vitro, the therapeutic effects of hUC-MSCs exosomes on lipid deposition and ROS were reversed by ML385. Also, ML385 reduced the protein expression of p-Nrf2 and NQO-1 in vitro. CONCLUSION Nrf2/NQO-1 antioxidant signaling pathway may play a key role in the treatment of NASH by hUC-MSCs exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yiran Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuxin Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yang
- Shandong Qilu Cell Therapy Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinbo Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Xia Y, Zhai X, Qiu Y, Lu X, Jiao Y. The Nrf2 in Obesity: A Friend or Foe? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102067. [PMID: 36290791 PMCID: PMC9598341 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its complications have become serious global health concerns recently and increasing work has been carried out to explicate the underlying mechanism of the disease development. The recognized correlations suggest oxidative stress and inflammation in expanding adipose tissue with excessive fat accumulation play important roles in the pathogenesis of obesity, as well as its associated metabolic syndromes. In adipose tissue, obesity-mediated insulin resistance strongly correlates with increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been described as a key modulator of antioxidant signaling, which regulates the transcription of various genes coding antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective proteins. Furthermore, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 is a pivotal target of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. However, its effects are controversial and even contradictory. This review aims to clarify the complicated interplay among Nrf2, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, insulin signaling and chronic inflammation in obesity. Elucidating the implications of Nrf2 modulation on obesity would provide novel insights for potential therapeutic approaches in obesity and its comorbidities.
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Graber M, Nägele F, Röhrs BT, Hirsch J, Pölzl L, Moriggl B, Mayr A, Troger F, Kirchmair E, Wagner JF, Nowosielski M, Mayer L, Voelkl J, Tancevski I, Meyer D, Grimm M, Knoflach M, Holfeld J, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C. Prevention of Oxidative Damage in Spinal Cord Ischemia Upon Aortic Surgery: First-In-Human Results of Shock Wave Therapy Prove Safety and Feasibility. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026076. [PMID: 36216458 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Spinal cord ischemia (SCI) remains a devastating complication after aortic dissection or repair. A primary hypoxic damage is followed by a secondary damage resulting in further cellular loss via apoptosis. Affected patients have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Shock wave therapy (SWT) improves functional outcome, neuronal degeneration and survival in murine spinal cord injury. In this first-in-human study we treated 5 patients with spinal cord ischemia with SWT aiming to prove safety and feasibility. Methods and Results Human neurons were subjected to ischemic injury with subsequent SWT. Reactive oxygen species and cellular apoptosis were quantified using flow cytometry. Signaling of the antioxidative transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and immune receptor Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) were analyzed. To assess whether SWT act via a conserved mechanism, transgenic tlr3-/- zebrafish created via CRISPR/Cas9 were subjected to spinal cord injury. To translate our findings into a clinical setting, 5 patients with SCI underwent SWT. Baseline analysis and follow-up (6 months) included assessment of American Spinal Cord Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale, evaluation of Spinal Cord Independence Measure score and World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire. SWT reduced the number of reactive oxygen species positive cells and apoptosis upon ischemia via induction of the antioxidative factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. Inhibition or deletion of tlr3 impaired axonal growth after spinal cord lesion in zebrafish, whereas tlr3 stimulation enhanced spinal regeneration. In a first-in-human study, we treated 5 patients with SCI using SWT (mean age, 65.3 years). Four patients presented with acute aortic dissection (80%), 2 of them exhibited preoperative neurological symptoms (40%). Impairment was ASIA A in 1 patient (20%), ASIA B in 3 patients (60%), and ASIA D in 1 patient (20%) at baseline. At follow-up, 2 patients were graded as ASIA A (40%) and 3 patients as ASIA B (60%). Spinal cord independence measure score showed significant improvement. Examination of World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaires revealed increased scores at follow-up. Conclusions SWT reduces oxidative damage upon SCI via immune receptor TLR3. The first-in-human application proved safety and feasibility in patients with SCI. SWT could therefore become a powerful regenerative treatment option for this devastating injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Graber
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Felix Nägele
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Jakob Hirsch
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Leo Pölzl
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Bernhard Moriggl
- Division of Clinical and Functional Anatomy Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Agnes Mayr
- Department of Radiology Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Felix Troger
- Department of Radiology Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Elke Kirchmair
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | | | | | - Lukas Mayer
- Department of Neurology Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria.,Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Dirk Meyer
- Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI University of Innsbruck Austria
| | - Michael Grimm
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Johannes Holfeld
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
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Regulation of innate immunity by Nrf2. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 78:102247. [PMID: 36174411 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been mainly investigated as a regulator of redox homeostasis. However, research over the past years has implicated Nrf2 as an important regulator of innate immunity. Here, we discuss the role of Nrf2 in the innate immune response, highlighting the interaction between Nrf2 and major components of the innate immune system. Indeed, Nrf2 has been shown to widely control the immune response by interacting directly or indirectly with important innate immune components, including the toll-like receptors-Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) pathway, inflammasome signaling, and the type-I interferon response. This indicates an essential role for Nrf2 in diseases related to microbial infections, inflammation, and cancer. Yet, further studies are required to determine the exact mechanism underpinning the interactions between Nrf2 and innate immune players in order to allow a better understanding of these diseases and leverage new therapeutic strategies.
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Exopolysaccharides of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Amy-1 Mitigate Inflammation by Inhibiting ERK1/2 and NF-κB Pathways and Activating p38/Nrf2 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810237. [PMID: 36142159 PMCID: PMC9499622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a probiotic for animals. Evidence suggests that diets supplemented with B. amyloliquefaciens can reduce inflammation; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear and requires further exploration. The exopolysaccharides of B. amyloliquefaciens amy-1 displayed hypoglycemic activity previously, suggesting that they are bioactive molecules. In addition, they counteracted the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on inducing cellular insulin resistance in exploratory tests. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory effect and molecular mechanisms of the exopolysaccharide preparation of amy-1 (EPS). Consequently, EPS reduced the expression of proinflammatory factors, the phagocytic activity and oxidative stress of LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. In animal tests, EPS effectively ameliorated ear inflammation of mice. These data suggested that EPS possess anti-inflammatory activity. A mechanism study revealed that EPS inhibited the nuclear factor-κB pathway, activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38, and prohibited the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, but had no effect on the c-Jun-N-terminal kinase 2 (JNK). EPS also activated the anti-oxidative nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Evidence suggested that p38, but not JNK, was involved in activating the Nrf2 pathway. Together, these mechanisms reduced the severity of inflammation. These findings support the proposal that exopolysaccharides may play important roles in the anti-inflammatory functions of probiotics.
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Xie M, Li Z, Li X, Ai L, Jin M, Jia N, Yang Y, Li W, Xue F, Zhang M, Yu Q. Identifying crucial biomarkers in peripheral blood of schizophrenia and screening therapeutic agents by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 152:86-96. [PMID: 35716513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a sophisticated neurodevelopmental disorder, but the mechanisms remain ambiguous. Thus, we analyzed the transcriptomic datasets to investigate the molecular mechanisms of SCZ to pinpoint novel biomarkers and suggest treatment agents. Four peripheral blood datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, altogether 27 robust Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were ascertained by robust rank aggregation (RRA) methodology. Enrichment analysis, which performed by Enrichr platform, demonstrated that DEGs are predominantly engaged in immune and inflammatory. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by STRING then visualized by Cytoscape. Hub genes identified by cytohubba plug-in were CXCL2, TLR9, SLPI, LY96, G0S2, EGR2, SELENBP1, NDUFA4, GNLY, CCL22. CIBERSORT algorithm was applied to evaluate the situation of immune infiltration, which revealed differences in T-cell CD8, T-cell CD4 memory resting and macrophage M0. The NetworkAnalyst platform was adopted to detect transcription factors (TFs), microRNAs (miRNAs), diseases and chemicals that interact with DEGs, while drugs interacted with DEGs were detected by Enrichr. TFs such as FOXC1, GATA2, NFIC, USF2, E2F1, miRNAs like mir-16-5p, mir-1-3p, mir-124-3p, mir-155-5p, mir-27a-3p are essential in the regulation of DEGs. mir-367-SMAD7-EGR1, mir-367-SMAD7-ARNT, mir-21-SMAD7-EGR1 may be promising biomarkers for SCZ. DEGs were intimately associated with Myocardial Ischemia, Inflammation, Reperfusion Injury. Chemicals such as VPA, cyclosporine, Aflatoxin B1, arsenic trioxide, drugs like diphenylpyraline, trimethoprim, 4-Aminobenzohydrazide, lanatoside C, may have significant implications for treatment of SCZ. These results would shed light on the molecular mechanisms of SCZ and suggest promising diagnostic biomarkers in peripheral blood and therapeutic tactics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtong Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhijun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lizhe Ai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Mengdi Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ningning Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuqing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Weizhen Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Fengyu Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Madkour AH, Helal MG, Said E, Salem HA. Dose-dependent renoprotective impact of Lactoferrin against glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. Life Sci 2022; 302:120646. [PMID: 35595070 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical disorder with a serious impact on the quality of patients' lives. Considering its increased worldwide prevalence, investigating novel therapeutic approaches for the management of AKI has been inevitable. Lactoferrin (LF), a glycoprotein belonging to the transferrin family, is known to play an important role in regulating iron homeostasis. This study aimed to evaluate the renoprotective effect of LF (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg orally) against glycerol (GLY)-induced rhabdomyolysis (RM) in rats. RM was induced by a single intramuscular injection of GLY 50% (10 mL/kg) after 24-h water deprivation in male Sprague-Dawley rats. LF administration conferred significant dose-dependent renoprotective impact against GLY-induced RM as evidenced by the decreased renal/somatic index and the significant improvement in renal functions as confirmed by the significant increase in creatinine clearance, decrease in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and improvement in albuminuria and proteinuria. Redox homeostasis was significantly restored in a dose-dependent manner as well. Moreover, serum interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was significantly decreased with a parallel significant decrease in renal NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), caspase-3 expression, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), cluster of differentiation (CD68) expression, and a significant increase in renal nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) expression. Ultimately, LF administration was associated with a significant amelioration of GLY-induced renal necrotic and inflammatory alterations. In conclusion, the observed dose-dependent nephroprotective effect of LF can be attributed to its modulatory impact on inflammatory/apoptotic/oxidative signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Madkour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar G Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Said
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, New Mansoura University, 7723730 New Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Hatem A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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Groth M, Skrzydlewska E, Dobrzyńska M, Pancewicz S, Moniuszko-Malinowska A. Redox Imbalance and Its Metabolic Consequences in Tick-Borne Diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:870398. [PMID: 35937690 PMCID: PMC9353526 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.870398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the growing global health problems are vector-borne diseases, including tick-borne diseases. The most common tick-borne diseases include Lyme disease, tick-borne encephalitis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis. Taking into account the metabolic effects in the patient’s body, tick-borne diseases are a significant problem from an epidemiological and clinical point of view. Inflammation and oxidative stress are key elements in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, including tick-borne diseases. In consequence, this leads to oxidative modifications of the structure and function of phospholipids and proteins and results in qualitative and quantitative changes at the level of lipid mediators arising in both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS enzyme–dependent reactions. These types of metabolic modifications affect the functioning of the cells and the host organism. Therefore, links between the severity of the disease state and redox imbalance and the level of phospholipid metabolites are being searched, hoping to find unambiguous diagnostic biomarkers. Assessment of molecular effects of oxidative stress may also enable the monitoring of the disease process and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Groth
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Monika Groth,
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marta Dobrzyńska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Pancewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Yao J, Miao Y, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Chen H, Wu X, Yang Y, Dai X, Hu Q, Wan M, Tang W. Dao-Chi Powder Ameliorates Pancreatitis-Induced Intestinal and Cardiac Injuries via Regulating the Nrf2-HO-1-HMGB1 Signaling Pathway in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:922130. [PMID: 35899121 PMCID: PMC9310041 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.922130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dao-Chi powder (DCP) has been widely used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, but has not been used in acute pancreatitis (AP). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of DCP on severe AP (SAP) and SAP-associated intestinal and cardiac injuries. To this end, an SAP animal model was established by retrograde injection of 3.5% taurocholic acid sodium salt into the biliopancreatic ducts of rats. Intragastric DCP (9.6 g/kg.BW) was administered 12 h after modeling. The pancreas, duodenum, colon, heart and blood samples were collected 36 h after the operation for histological and biochemical detection. The tissue distributions of the DCP components were determined and compared between the sham and the SAP groups. Moreover, molecular docking analysis was employed to investigate the interactions between the potential active components of DCP and its targets (Nrf2, HO-1, and HMGB1). Consequently, DCP treatment decreased the serum levels of amylase and the markers of gastrointestinal and cardiac injury, further alleviating the pathological damage in the pancreas, duodenum, colon, and heart of rats with SAP. Mechanistically, DCP rebalanced the pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited MPO activity and MDA levels in these tissues. Furthermore, Western blot and RT-PCR results showed that DCP intervention enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the duodenum and colon of rats with SAP, while inhibiting the expression of HMGB1 in the duodenum and heart. HPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed that SAP promoted the distribution of ajugol and oleanolic acid to the duodenum, whereas it inhibited the distribution of liquiritigenin to the heart and ajugol to the colon. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that the six screened components of DCP had relatively good binding affinity with Nrf2, HO-1, and HMGB1. Among these, oleanolic acid had the highest affinity for HO-1. Altogether, DCP could alleviated SAP-induced intestinal and cardiac injuries via inhibiting the inflammatory responses and oxidative stress partially through regulating the Nrf2/HO-1/HMGB1 signaling pathway, thereby providing additional supportive evidence for the clinical treatment of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Miao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lv Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Clinical Trial Center, National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiajia Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenfu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfu Tang,
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Curcumin attenuates LPS-induced sickness behavior and fever in rats by modulating Nrf2 activity. Neurosci Lett 2022; 781:136680. [PMID: 35568344 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent inducer of inflammation, triggering behavioral changes and fever. The present study aimed to evaluate whether pretreatment with curcumin prevents the behavioral changes and fever induced by LPS through the modulation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Male Wistar rats received either vehicle or LPS and after 2 h, the behavioral responses were assessed through open field test (OFT), social interaction test, forced swim test (FST), and food intake assessment. The febrile response was assessed by telemetry after vehicle or LPS injection to evaluate the effect of curcumin on the thermoregulatory response during the immunological challenge. The pretreatment with curcumin at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg prevented the reduction of distance traveled on OFT, increased the immobility time of FST, impaired social withdrawal, decreased food intake, and induced fever. In addition, at these doses, it was possible to observe a significant decrease in the plasma levels of cytokines and an increase in Nrf2 translocation to the cell nucleus during the immunological challenge. Our data provide further evidence of curcumin's ability to prevent LPS-induced sickness behavior and fever possibly by a mechanism related to the modulation of Nrf2 translocation.
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Urolithin A Inactivation of TLR3/TRIF Signaling to Block the NF-κB/STAT1 Axis Reduces Inflammation and Enhances Antioxidant Defense in Poly(I:C)-Induced RAW264.7 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094697. [PMID: 35563088 PMCID: PMC9101441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Urolithin A is an active compound of gut-microbiota-derived metabolites of polyphenol ellagic acid that has anti-aging, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of urolithin A on polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C))-induced inflammation remain unclear. Poly(I:C) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) similar to a virus and is recognized by Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3), inducing an inflammatory response in immune cells, such as macrophages. Inflammation is a natural defense process of the innate immune system. Therefore, we used poly(I:C)-induced RAW264.7 cells and attenuated the inflammation induced by urolithin A. First, our data suggested that 1–30 μM urolithin A does not reduce RAW264.7 cell viability, whereas 1 μM urolithin A is sufficient for antioxidation and the decreased production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and C-C chemokine ligand 5. The inflammation-related proteins cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were also downregulated by urolithin A. Next, 1 μM urolithin A inhibited the levels of interferon (INF)-α and INF-β. Urolithin A was applied to investigate the blockade of the TLR3 signaling pathway in poly(I:C)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, the TLR3 signaling pathway, subsequent inflammatory-related pathways, and antioxidation pathways showed changes in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling and blocked ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Urolithin A enhanced catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, but decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in poly(I:C)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Thus, our results suggest that urolithin A inhibits TLR3-activated inflammatory and oxidative-associated pathways in macrophages, and that this inhibition is induced by poly(I:C). Therefore, urolithin A may have antiviral effects and could be used to treat viral-infection-related diseases.
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Cenci A, Macchia I, La Sorsa V, Sbarigia C, Di Donna V, Pietraforte D. Mechanisms of Action of Ozone Therapy in Emerging Viral Diseases: Immunomodulatory Effects and Therapeutic Advantages With Reference to SARS-CoV-2. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:871645. [PMID: 35531273 PMCID: PMC9069003 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.871645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) is a successful therapeutic approach accounting on the assessed beneficial action of ozone in the range 30–45 μg/ml (expanded range 10–80 μg/ml according to different protocols), as in this dosage range ozone is able to trigger a cellular hormetic response via the modulating activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as signaling molecules. The ozone-dependent ROS-mediated fatty acid oxidation leads to the formation of lipid ozonization products (LOPs), which act as signal transducers by triggering ROS signaling and therefore mitohormetic processes. These processes ultimately activate survival mechanisms at a cellular level, such as the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE system activation, the AMPK/FOXO/mTOR/Sir1 pathway and the Nrf2/NF-kB cross talk. Furthermore, indirectly, via these pathways, LOPs trigger the HIF-1α pathway, the HO-1 signaling and the NO/iNOS biochemical machinery. Ozone-driven shift of cytokine activation pathways, from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory immediately afterwards, also exert direct immunoregulatory effects on regulatory T lymphocytes as well as on the intestinal microbiota, which in turn can affect immune response thus influencing the progression of the disease. In this review, we will describe the biological and biochemical mechanisms of action of ozone therapy with the aim of evaluating both positive and critical aspects of ozone use as a therapeutic adjuvant in the light of emerging viral infections, such as SARS-CoV-2 and microbiome-associated disorders related to SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cenci
- Core Facilities, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Cenci,
| | - Iole Macchia
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina La Sorsa
- Research Coordination and Support Service, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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Scandura G, Giallongo C, Puglisi F, Romano A, Parrinello NL, Zuppelli T, Longhitano L, Giallongo S, Di Rosa M, Musumeci G, Motterlini R, Foresti R, Palumbo GA, Li Volti G, Di Raimondo F, Tibullo D. TLR4 Signaling and Heme Oxygenase-1/Carbon Monoxide Pathway Crosstalk Induces Resiliency of Myeloma Plasma Cells to Bortezomib Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040767. [PMID: 35453452 PMCID: PMC9031632 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Relapse in multiple myeloma (MM) decreases therapy efficiency through unclear mechanisms of chemoresistance. Since our group previously demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are two signaling pathways protecting MM cells from the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ), we here evaluated their cross-regulation by a pharmacological approach. We found that cell toxicity and mitochondrial depolarization by BTZ were increased upon inhibition of HO-1 and TLR4 by using tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP) and TAK-242, respectively. Furthermore, the combination of TAK-242 and BTZ activated mitophagy and decreased the unfolded protein response (UPR) survival pathway in association with a downregulation in HO-1 expression. Notably, BTZ in combination with SnPP induced effects mirroring the treatment with TAK-242/BTZ, resulting in a blockade of TLR4 upregulation. Interestingly, treatment of cells with either hemin, an HO-1 inducer, or supplementation with carbon monoxide (CO), a by-product of HO-1 enzymatic activity, increased TLR4 expression. In conclusion, we showed that treatment of MM cells with BTZ triggers the TLR4/HO-1/CO axis, serving as a stress-responsive signal that leads to increased cell survival while protecting mitochondria against BTZ and ultimately promoting drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Scandura
- Division of Hematology, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (F.P.); (A.R.); (N.L.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Scienze Mediche Chirurgiche e Tecnologie Avanzate “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Puglisi
- Division of Hematology, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (F.P.); (A.R.); (N.L.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Division of Hematology, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (F.P.); (A.R.); (N.L.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Nunziatina Laura Parrinello
- Division of Hematology, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (F.P.); (A.R.); (N.L.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Tatiana Zuppelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (L.L.); (S.G.); (M.D.R.); (G.M.); (D.T.)
| | - Lucia Longhitano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (L.L.); (S.G.); (M.D.R.); (G.M.); (D.T.)
| | - Sebastiano Giallongo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (L.L.); (S.G.); (M.D.R.); (G.M.); (D.T.)
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (L.L.); (S.G.); (M.D.R.); (G.M.); (D.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (L.L.); (S.G.); (M.D.R.); (G.M.); (D.T.)
| | - Roberto Motterlini
- Faculty of Health, University Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010 Créteil, France; (R.M.); (R.F.)
| | - Roberta Foresti
- Faculty of Health, University Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94010 Créteil, France; (R.M.); (R.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Alberto Palumbo
- Department of Scienze Mediche Chirurgiche e Tecnologie Avanzate “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.A.P.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (L.L.); (S.G.); (M.D.R.); (G.M.); (D.T.)
- Correspondence: (G.A.P.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Francesco Di Raimondo
- Division of Hematology, Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (F.P.); (A.R.); (N.L.P.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (L.L.); (S.G.); (M.D.R.); (G.M.); (D.T.)
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Rockwell CE, Jin Y, Boss AP, Kaiser LM, Awali S. The Complicated Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-Derived 2-Like 2 in Allergy and Asthma. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:500-507. [PMID: 34930784 PMCID: PMC11022934 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is a stress-activated transcription factor that is highly responsive to oxidative stress and electrophilic stimuli. Upon activation, Nrf2 upregulates a battery of cytoprotective genes meant to prevent cell death or damage. In many models of inflammation, Nrf2 protects against the immune response and decreases injury, including in the context of asthma and allergy. However, in some models of asthma and allergy, Nrf2 either does not play a role or can even exacerbate inflammation. In general, the reasons behind these discrepancies are not clear and the mechanisms by which Nrf2 modulates immune response are largely uncharacterized. The aim of this review is to highlight current literature assessing the role of Nrf2 in allergy and asthma to understand Nrf2 as a potential therapeutic target. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) is an important immune mediator that modulates numerous immune cell types in various inflammatory diseases, including allergy and asthma. There is considerable interest in Nrf2 as a drug target in inflammation, which is complicated by the complex nature of Nrf2 in the immune system. This review focuses on the role of Nrf2 in asthma and allergy, including in regulating immune cell function and in detoxifying xenobiotics that exacerbate these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl E Rockwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine (C.E.R., Y.J., A.P.B., L.M.K., S.A.), Institute for Integrative Toxicology (C.E.R.), Cell and Molecular Biology Program (C.E.R.), Applied Immunology Center for Education and Research (C.E.R.), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (A.P.B.), and College of Osteopathic Medicine (L.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Yining Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine (C.E.R., Y.J., A.P.B., L.M.K., S.A.), Institute for Integrative Toxicology (C.E.R.), Cell and Molecular Biology Program (C.E.R.), Applied Immunology Center for Education and Research (C.E.R.), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (A.P.B.), and College of Osteopathic Medicine (L.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Allison P Boss
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine (C.E.R., Y.J., A.P.B., L.M.K., S.A.), Institute for Integrative Toxicology (C.E.R.), Cell and Molecular Biology Program (C.E.R.), Applied Immunology Center for Education and Research (C.E.R.), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (A.P.B.), and College of Osteopathic Medicine (L.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Luca M Kaiser
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine (C.E.R., Y.J., A.P.B., L.M.K., S.A.), Institute for Integrative Toxicology (C.E.R.), Cell and Molecular Biology Program (C.E.R.), Applied Immunology Center for Education and Research (C.E.R.), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (A.P.B.), and College of Osteopathic Medicine (L.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Saamera Awali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Human Medicine (C.E.R., Y.J., A.P.B., L.M.K., S.A.), Institute for Integrative Toxicology (C.E.R.), Cell and Molecular Biology Program (C.E.R.), Applied Immunology Center for Education and Research (C.E.R.), Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition (A.P.B.), and College of Osteopathic Medicine (L.M.K.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Song C, Zhang J, Liu Y, Hu Y, Feng C, Shi P, Zhang Y, Wang L, Xie Y, Zhang M, Zhao X, Cao Y, Li C, Sun H. Characterization and Validation of ceRNA-Mediated Pathway–Pathway Crosstalk Networks Across Eight Major Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:762129. [PMID: 35433687 PMCID: PMC9010821 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.762129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathway analysis is considered as an important strategy to reveal the underlying mechanisms of diseases. Pathways that are involved in crosstalk can regulate each other and co-regulate downstream biological processes. Furthermore, some genes in the pathways can function with other genes via the relationship of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism, which has also been demonstrated to play key roles in cellular biology. However, the comprehensive analysis of ceRNA-mediated pathway crosstalk is lacking. Here, we constructed the landscape of the ceRNA-mediated pathway–pathway crosstalk of eight major cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) based on sequencing data from ∼2,800 samples. Some common features shared by numerous CVDs were uncovered. A fraction of the pathway–pathway crosstalk was conserved in multiple CVDs and a core pathway–pathway crosstalk network was identified, suggesting the similarity of pathway–pathway crosstalk among CVDs. Experimental evidence also demonstrated that the pathway crosstalk was functioned in CVDs. We split all hub pathways of each pathway–pathway crosstalk network into three categories, namely, common hubs, differential hubs, and specific hubs, which could highlight the common or specific biological mechanisms. Importantly, after a comparison analysis of the hub pathways of networks, ∼480 hub pathway-induced common modules were identified to exert functions in CVDs broadly. Moreover, we performed a random walk algorithm on the hub pathway-induced sub-network and identified 23 potentially novel CVD-related pathways. In summary, our study revealed the potential molecular regulatory mechanisms of ceRNA crosstalk in pathway–pathway crosstalk levels and provided a novel routine to investigate the pathway–pathway crosstalk in cardiology. All CVD pathway–pathway crosstalks are provided in http://www.licpathway.net/cepathway/index.html.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yinling Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Pilong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yawen Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Meitian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Xilong Zhao
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yonggang Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Chunquan Li
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongli Sun, ; Chunquan Li,
| | - Hongli Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongli Sun, ; Chunquan Li,
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Zuo J, Zhang Z, Luo M, Zhou L, Nice EC, Zhang W, Wang C, Huang C. Redox signaling at the crossroads of human health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e127. [PMID: 35386842 PMCID: PMC8971743 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox biology is at the core of life sciences, accompanied by the close correlation of redox processes with biological activities. Redox homeostasis is a prerequisite for human health, in which the physiological levels of nonradical reactive oxygen species (ROS) function as the primary second messengers to modulate physiological redox signaling by orchestrating multiple redox sensors. However, excessive ROS accumulation, termed oxidative stress (OS), leads to biomolecule damage and subsequent occurrence of various diseases such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Herein, starting with the evolution of redox biology, we reveal the roles of ROS as multifaceted physiological modulators to mediate redox signaling and sustain redox homeostasis. In addition, we also emphasize the detailed OS mechanisms involved in the initiation and development of several important diseases. ROS as a double‐edged sword in disease progression suggest two different therapeutic strategies to treat redox‐relevant diseases, in which targeting ROS sources and redox‐related effectors to manipulate redox homeostasis will largely promote precision medicine. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the redox signaling networks under physiological and pathological conditions will facilitate the development of redox medicine and benefit patients with redox‐relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Maochao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu P. R. China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine Ningbo Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacology Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine Ningbo Zhejiang P. R. China
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Susana SR, Salvador-Reyes LA. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Monosubstituted Xestoquinone Analogues from the Marine Sponge Neopetrosia compacta. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040607. [PMID: 35453294 PMCID: PMC9028180 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is recognized as a contributor to multiple chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular, and autoimmune disorders. Here, a natural products-initiated discovery of anti-inflammatory agents from marine sponges was undertaken. From the screening of 231 crude extracts, a total of 30 extracts showed anti-inflammatory activity with no direct cytotoxic effects at 50 μg/mL on RAW 264.7 (ATCC®TIB-71™) murine macrophage cells stimulated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Bioactivity-guided purification of the anti-inflammatory extract from the sponge Neopetrosia compacta led to the isolation of xestoquinone (1), adociaquinone B (2), adociaquinone A (3), 14-hydroxymethylxestoquinone (4), 15-hydroxymethylxestoquinone (5), and an inseparable 2:1 mixture of 14-methoxyxestoquinone and 15-methoxyxestoquinone (6). Compounds 1–6 caused a concentration-dependent reduction of nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, with 4–6 having low micromolar IC50 and acceptable selectivity index. Gene expression analysis using qRT-PCR showed that 1, 5, and 6 downregulated Il1b and Nos2 expression by 2.1- to 14.8-fold relative to the solvent control at 10 μM. Xestoquinone (1) and monosubstituted analogues (4–6), but not the disubstituted adociaquinones (2 and 3), caused Nrf2 activation in a luciferase reporter MCF7 stable cells. Compounds 5 and 6 caused a modest increase in Nqo1 gene expression at 10 μM. The anti-inflammatory activity of xestoquinone (1) and monosubstituted analogues (4–6) may, in part, be mediated by Nrf2 activation, leading to attenuation of inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β and NOS2.
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Sampath C, Raju AV, Freeman ML, Srinivasan S, Gangula PR. Nrf2 attenuates hyperglycemia-induced nNOS impairment in adult mouse primary enteric neuronal crest cells and normalizes stomach function. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G368-G382. [PMID: 35084215 PMCID: PMC8897013 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00323.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Enteric neuronal cells play a vital role in gut motility in humans and experimental rodent models. Patients with diabetes are more vulnerable to gastrointestinal dysfunction due to enteric neuronal degeneration. In this study, we examined the mechanistic role and regulation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in hyperglycemia-induced enteric neuronal cell apoptosis in vitro by using adult mouse primary enteric neuronal crest cells (pENCs). Our data show that hyperglycemia (HG) or inhibition of Nrf2 induces apoptosis by elevating proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppresses neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS-α) via PI3K/Nrf2-mediated signaling. Conversely, treating pENCs with cinnamaldehyde (CNM), a naturally occurring Nrf2 activator, prevented HG-induced apoptosis. These novel data reveal a negative feedback mechanism for GSK-3 activation. To further demonstrate that loss of Nrf2 leads to inflammation, oxidative stress, and reduces nNOS-mediated gastric function, we have used streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and Nrf2 null female mice. In vivo activation of Nrf2 with CNM (50 mg/kg, 3 days a week, ip) attenuated impaired nitrergic relaxation and delayed gastric emptying (GE) in conventional type 1 diabetic but not in Nrf2 null female mice. Supplementation of CNM normalized diabetes-induced altered gastric antrum protein expression of 1) p-AKT/p-p38MAPK/p-GSK-3β, 2) BH4 (cofactor of nNOS) biosynthesis enzyme GCH-1, 3) nNOSα, 4) TLR4, NF-κB, and 5) inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). We conclude that activation of Nrf2 prevents hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis in pENCs and restores nitrergic-mediated gastric motility and GE in STZ-induced diabetes female mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Primary neuronal cell crust (pENCs) in the intestine habitats nNOS and Nrf2, which was suppressed in diabetic gastroparesis. Activation of Nrf2 restored nNOS by suppressing inflammatory markers in pENCs cells. Inhibition of Nrf2 reveals a negative feedback mechanism for the activation of GSK-3. Activation of Nrf2 alleviates STZ-induced delayed gastric emptying and nitrergic relaxation in female mice. Activation of Nrf2 restored impaired gastric BH4 biosynthesis enzyme GCH-1, nNOSα expression thus regulating nitric oxide levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chethan Sampath
- 1Department of ODS and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Abhinav V. Raju
- 2Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael L. Freeman
- 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- 2Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia,3Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Pandu R. Gangula
- 1Department of ODS and Research, School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee
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