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Guo L, Li L, Zhou S, Xiao P, Zhang L. Metabolomic insight into regulatory mechanism of heterotrophic bacteria nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria to high-strength ammonium wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130278. [PMID: 38168563 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This work aimed to elucidate the metabolic mechanism of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification (HN-AD) bacteria influenced by varying concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in high-strength synthetic wastewater treatment. The results showed that the removal rates of NH4+-N and total nitrogen, along with enzymatic activities related to nitrification and denitrification, increased with rising NH4+-N concentrations (N500:500 mg/L, N1000:1000 mg/L and N2000:2000 mg/L). The relative abundances of HN-AD bacteria were 50 %, 62 % and 82 % in the three groups. In the N2000 group, the cAMP signaling pathway, glycerophospholipid metabolites, purines and pyrimidines related to DNA/RNA synthesis, electron donor NAD+-related energy, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and glutamate metabolism were upregulated. Therefore, influent NH4+-N at 2000 mg/L promoted glutamate metabolism to accelerate the TCA cycle, and enhanced cellular energy and advanced denitrification activity of bacteria for HN-AD. This mechanism, in turn, enhanced microbial growth and the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of bacteria for HN-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing 401228, China
| | - Longshan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Shibo Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - PengYing Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
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Li J, Zhu N, Wang Y, Bao Y, Xu F, Liu F, Zhou X. Application of Metabolomics and Traditional Chinese Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:4269-4282. [PMID: 38164418 PMCID: PMC10758184 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s441399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major global public health problem with high incidence and case fatality rates. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is used to help manage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and has steadily gained international acceptance. Despite being generally accepted in daily practice, the TCM methods and hypotheses for understanding diseases lack applicability in the current scientific characterization systems. To date, there is no systematic evaluation system for TCM in preventing and treating T2DM. Metabonomics is a powerful tool to predict the level of metabolites in vivo, reveal the potential mechanism, and diagnose the physiological state of patients in time to guide the follow-up intervention of T2DM. Notably, metabolomics is also effective in promoting TCM modernization and advancement in personalized medicine. This review provides updated knowledge on applying metabolomics to TCM syndrome differentiation, diagnosis, biomarker discovery, and treatment of T2DM by TCM. Its application in diabetic complications is discussed. The combination of multi-omics and microbiome to fully elucidate the use of TCM to treat T2DM is further envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Zhu
- Clinical Trial Research Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- Clinical Trial Research Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanlei Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Liaoyuan People’s Hospital, Liaoyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Clinical Trial Research Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengjuan Liu
- Clinical Trial Research Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Clinical Trial Research Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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Sun D, Luo G, Zhang Q, Wang M, Yang T, Wang Y, Pang J. Sub-chronic exposure to hexaconazole affects the lipid metabolism of rats through mTOR-PPAR-γ/SREBP1 signaling pathway mediated by oxidative stress. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105646. [PMID: 38072521 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Hexaconazole (Hex) is a widely used and high frequency detected triazole fungicide in agricultural products and environment which may pose potential toxicity to the nontargeted organisms. Hex had been reported to affect lipid homeostasis while the mechanism was undefined. This study aims to explore the characteristic lipidomic profiles and clarify the underlying signaling pathways of Hex-induced lipid metabolism disorder in rat liver. The results showed that sub-chronic exposure to environmental related concentrations of Hex caused histopathological changes, oxidative stress, fat accumulation, lipid biochemical parameter increase in rats. Moreover, the untargeted lipidomic analysis showed that the levels of TAG, PC, and PE and the pathway of glycerophospholipid metabolism were heavily altered by Hex. We further analyzed the lipid metabolism related genes and proteins which revealed that Hex exposure increased amount of lipogenesis by activating oxidative stress-mediated mTOR-PPAR-γ/SREBP1 signaling pathways. The imbalance of lipid homeostasis induced by Hex exposure might further lead to obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and hyperlipidemia. Our results provided systematic and comprehensive evidence for the mechanism of Hex-induced lipid metabolism disorder at environmental concentrations and supplied a certain basis for its health risks assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guofei Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tianming Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Junxiao Pang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
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Zhu Y, Di S, Li Y, Liang W, Liu J, Nuermaimaiti R, Fei W, Wang C, Wang L, Zhang J. Integrative metabolomic and network pharmacological analysis reveals potential mechanisms of Cardamine circaeoides Hook.f. & Thomson in alleviating potassium oxonate-induced asymptomatic hyperuricemia in rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1281411. [PMID: 38026974 PMCID: PMC10652788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1281411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardamine circaeoides Hook.f. & Thomson (CC), a herb of the genus Cardamine (family Brassicaceae), has a rich historical usage in China for both culinary and medicinal purposes. It is distinguished by its remarkable ability to hyperaccumulate selenium (Se). CC has demonstrated efficacy in the prevention of metabolic disorders. However, investigations into the effects of CC on asymptomatic hyperuricemia remain scarce. The objective of this study is to elucidate the mechanism by which CC aqueous extract (CCE) exerts its anti-hyperuricemic effects on asymptomatic hyperuricemic rats induced by potassium oxonate (PO) by integrating metabolomics and network pharmacological analysis. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia was induced by feeding rats with PO (1000 mg/kg) and CCE (0.75, 1.5, or 3 g/kg) once daily for 30 days. Various parameters, including body weight, uric acid (UA) levels, histopathology of renal tissue, and inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) were assessed. Subsequently, metabolomic analysis of kidney tissues was conducted to explore the effects of CCE on renal metabolites and the related pathways. Furthermore, network pharmacology was employed to explicate the mechanism of action of CCE components identified through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. Finally, metabolomic and network-pharmacology analyses were performed to predict crucial genes dysregulated in the disease model and rescued by CCE, which were then subjected to verification by RT-qPCR. The findings revealed that CCE significantly inhibited the UA levels from the 21st day to the 30th day. Moreover, CCE exhibited significant inhibition of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in renal tissues. The dysregulation of 18 metabolites and the tyrosine, pyrimidine, cysteine, methionine, sphingolipid, and histidine metabolism pathways was prevented by CCE treatment. A joint analysis of targets predicted using the network pharmacology approach and the differential metabolites found in metabolics predicted 8 genes as potential targets of CCE, and 3 of them (PNP gene, JUN gene, and ADA gene) were verified at the mRNA level by RT-qPCR. We conclude that CCE has anti-hyperuricemia effects and alleviates renal inflammation in a rat model of hyperuricemia, and these efficacies are associated with the reversal of increased ADA, PNP, and JUN mRNA expression in renal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Songrui Di
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yipeng Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weican Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlian Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Reyisai Nuermaimaiti
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenting Fei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linyuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Yuan Z, Tian Y, Zhang C, Wang M, Xie J, Wang C, Huang J. Integration of systematic review, lipidomics with experiment verification reveals abnormal sphingolipids facilitate diabetic retinopathy by inducing oxidative stress on RMECs. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159382. [PMID: 37659619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the potential biomarkers in the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) into diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS Systematic review of diabetic metabolomics was used to screen the differential metabolites and related pathways during the development of DM. Non-targeted lipidomics of rat plasma was performed to explore the differential metabolites in the development of DM into DR in vivo. To verify the effects of differential metabolites in inducing retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) injury by increasing oxidative stress, high glucose medium containing differential metabolites was used to induce rat RMECs injury and cell viability, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated in vitro. Network pharmacology was performed to explore the potential mechanism of differential metabolites in inducing DR. RESULTS Through the systematic review, 148 differential metabolites were obtained and the sphingolipid metabolic pathway attracted our attention. Plasma non-targeted lipidomics found that sphingolipids were accompanied by the development of DM into DR. In vitro experiments showed sphinganine and sphingosine-1-phosphate aggravated rat RMECs injury induced by high glucose, further increased MDA and ROS levels, and further decreased SOD activities and MMP. Network pharmacology revealed sphinganine and sphingosine-1-phosphate may induce DR by regulating the AGE-RAGE and HIF-1 signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Integrated systematic review, lipidomics and experiment verification reveal that abnormal sphingolipid metabolism facilitates DR by inducing oxidative stress on RMECs. Our study could provide the experimental basis for finding potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenshuang Yuan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue Tian
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiaqi Xie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jianmei Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Guan R, Ma N, Liu G, Wu Q, Su S, Wang J, Geng Y. Ethanol extract of propolis regulates type 2 diabetes in mice via metabolism and gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 310:116385. [PMID: 36931413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Propolis is a traditional natural medicine with various activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-tumour, gastroenteritis treatment and prevention, anti-microbial and parasitic, as well as glucose regulation and anti-diabetes, and is expected to be an anti-diabetic candidate with few side effects, but the mechanism of action of propolis on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on the regulation of blood glucose in T2DM mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied the possible mechanism of EEP on T2DM using an animal model of T2DM induced by a combination of a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The experiment was divided into four groups, namely, the normal group (HC), model group (T2DM), EEP and metformin group (MET). Biochemical indexes and cytokines were measured, and the differences of metabolites in the serum were compared by 1H-NMR. In addition, the diversity of intestinal flora in feces was studied by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. RESULTS The results showed that following treatment with EEP and MET, the weight-loss trend of mice was alleviated, and the fasting blood glucose, insulin secretion level, insulin resistance index, C peptide level and oral glucose tolerance level decreased, whereas the insulin sensitivity index increased, thereby EEP effectively alleviated the occurrence of T2DM and insulin resistance. Compared with the T2DM group, the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) decreased significantly in EEP and MET groups, whereas the concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) increased significantly. Metabolomics results revealed that EEP and MET regulate carbohydrate metabolism and restore amino acid and lipid metabolism. Correlation analysis of intestinal flora in mouse feces showed that compared with the HC group, harmful bacteria such as Bilophila, Eubacterium_ventriosum_group, Mucispirillum and Desulfovibrio were found in the T2DM group, whereas the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus was significantly reduced. Parabacteroides, Akkermansia, Leuconostoc, and Alloprevotella were abundantly present in the EEP group; however, the MET group showed an increase in the genus Parasutterella, which could regulate energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that EEP and MET reduce fasting blood glucose in T2DM mice, followed by alleviating insulin resistance, improving the inflammatory reaction of mice, regulating the metabolism of mice, and affecting the steady state of gut microbiota. However, the overall therapeutic effect of EEP is better than that of MET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutritional Safety of SDNU, Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Ning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutritional Safety of SDNU, Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Guolong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutritional Safety of SDNU, Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Qiu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutritional Safety of SDNU, Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Shufang Su
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Yue Geng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutritional Safety of SDNU, Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistant Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Liu R, Feng Q, Li H, Li Y, Liu X. Insulin-Loaded Soybean Trypsin Inhibitor-Chitosan Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, and Protective Effect Evaluation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2648. [PMID: 37376294 DOI: 10.3390/polym15122648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to prepare insulin-loaded nanoparticles using soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) and chitosan (CS) as a potential coating. The nanoparticles were prepared by complex coacervation, and characterized for their particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency. In addition, the insulin release and enzymatic degradation of nanoparticles in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) were evaluated. The results showed that the optimal conditions for preparing insulin-loaded soybean trypsin inhibitor-chitosan (INs-STI-CS) nanoparticles were as follows: CS concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, STI concentration of 1.0 mg/mL, and pH 6.0. The INs-STI-CS nanoparticles prepared at this condition had a high insulin encapsulation efficiency of 85.07%, the particle diameter size was 350 ± 5 nm, and the PDI value was 0.13. The results of the in vitro evaluation of simulated gastrointestinal digestion showed that the prepared nanoparticles could improve the stability of insulin in the gastrointestinal tract. Compared with free insulin, the insulin loaded in INs-STI-CS nanoparticles was retained at 27.71% after 10 h of digestion in the intestinal tract, while free insulin was completely digested. These findings will provide a theoretical basis for improving the stability of oral insulin in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ruijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qixu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - You Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, National Soybean Processing Industry Technology Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Duan G, Li L. Deciphering the mechanism of jujube vinegar on hyperlipoidemia through gut microbiome based on 16S rRNA, BugBase analysis, and the stamp analysis of KEEG. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1160069. [PMID: 37275638 PMCID: PMC10235701 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1160069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growing data indicate that the gut microbiome may contribute to the rising incidence of hyperlipoidemia. Jujube vinegar lowers lipids, protects the liver, and reduces oxidant capacity, however, it is unknown whether this is due to the gut flora. To further research the role of the gut microbiome in treating hyperlipidemia with jujube vinegar, we looked into whether the action of jujube vinegar is related to the regulation of the gut microbiome. Method Thirty male ICR mice were used. The control group (CON), the high-fat diet (HFD) group, and the vinegar group (VIN) each consisted of ten female ICR mice fed consistently for eight weeks. For each treatment, we kept track of body mass, liver index, blood lipid levels, and oxidative stress state. We also analyzed mouse feces using high-throughput 16srRNA sequencing to examine the relationship between jujube vinegar's hypolipidemic effect and antioxidant activity and how it affects the gut microbiome. Results Jujube vinegar reduced body weight by 19.92%, serum TC, TG, and LDL-C by 25.09%, 26.83%, and 11.66%, and increased HDL-C by 1.44 times, serum AST and ALT decreased by 26.36% and 34.87% respectively, the blood levels of SOD and GSH-Px increased 1.35-fold and 1.60-fold, respectively. While blood MDA decreased 33.21%, the liver's SOD and GSH-Px increased 1.32-fold and 1.60-fold, respectively, and the liver's MDA decreased 48.96% in HFD mice. The gut microbiome analysis revealed that jujube vinegar increased the intestinal microbial ASV count by 13.46%, and the F/B (Firmicutes/Bacteroidota) ratio by 2.08-fold in high-fat diet mice, and the proportion was significantly inversely correlated with TC, TG, and LDL-C and positively correlated with HDL-C. Biomarker bacteria in the vinegar group included Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus, which correlated favorably with HDL-C, SOD, and GSH-Px and negatively with LDL-C, TC, and TG. Jujube vinegar increased the abundance of the Aerobic, Contains Mobile Elements, and Facultative Aerobic by 2.84 times, 1.45 times, and 2.40 times, while decreased the abundance of Potential pathogens by 44.72%, according to the BugBase study. The KEGG analysis showed that jujube vinegar was predominantly reflected in the biological process of gene function and related to signal transduction pathways, including glucagon signaling system, HIF-1 signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, amino sugar, and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and so forth. Conclusion Based on these findings, jujube vinegar may reduce hyperlipoidemia by controlling the gut microbiome and enhancing antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Duan
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Jinzhong College of Information, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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Duan XK, Sun YX, Wang HY, Xu YY, Fan SZ, Tian JY, Yu Y, Zhao YY, Jiang YL. miR-124 is upregulated in diabetic mice and inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of high-glucose-induced β-cells by targeting EZH2. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:209-221. [PMID: 37035229 PMCID: PMC10075033 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease, and a variety of miRNA are involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes. In clinical studies, miR-124 is highly expressed in the serum of patients with diabetes and in pancreatic islet β-cells. However, few reports exist concerning the role and mechanism of action of miR-124 in diabetes.
AIM To investigate the expression of miR-124 in diabetic mice and the potential mechanism of action in islet β-cells.
METHODS The expression levels of miR-124 and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in pancreatic tissues of diabetic mice were detected. The targeted relationship between miR-124 and EZH2 was predicted by Targetscan software and verified by a double luciferase reporter assay. Mouse islet β-cells Min6 were grown in a high glucose (HG) medium to mimic a diabetes model. The insulin secretion, proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of HG-induced Min6 cells were detected after interference of miR-124a and/or EZH2.
RESULTS The expression of miR-124 was upregulated and EZH2 was downregulated in the pancreatic tissue of diabetic mice compared with control mice, and the expression of miR-124 was negatively correlated with that of EZH2. miR-124 was highly expressed in HG-induced Min6 cells. Inhibition of miR-124 promoted insulin secretion and cell proliferation, induced the transition from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase of the cell cycle, and inhibited cell apoptosis in HG-induced Min6 cells. EZH2 was one of the targets of miR-124. Co-transfection of miR-124 inhibitor and siRNA-EZH2 could reverse the effects of the miR-124 inhibitor in HG-induced Min6 cells.
CONCLUSION miR-124 is highly expressed in diabetic mice and HG-induced Min6 cells and regulates insulin secretion, proliferation and apoptosis of islet β-cells by targeting EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Kai Duan
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Sun
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Hong-Yun Wang
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Yan Xu
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Shi-Zhen Fan
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Jin-Ya Tian
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Yun Zhao
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yan-Li Jiang
- Department of General Practice, Zhengzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
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Tong QL, Luo D, Xiang ZN, Zhang YL, He JX, Hu ZF, Xia RF, Wu JL, Fu XN, Li Q, Peng HM, Huang R, Wan LS, Chen JC, Fang JB. Metabolic profiling integrated with pharmacokinetics to reveal the material basis of Xiaokeyinshui extract combination in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 225:115224. [PMID: 36603394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Xiaokeyinshui extract combination (XEC), originating from a traditional Chinese formula Xiaokeyinshui (XKYS) recorded in ancient Bencao, has been reported to exert significant hypoglycemic effects. However, the chemical profiles, metabolic transformation and pharmacokinetic behavior of XEC in vivo were unclear. The research was to investigate the chemical constituents, metabolic profiles and pharmacokinetic behavior of XEC. A UPLC-QE-Orbitrap-HRMS qualification method was developed to identify the chemical constituents in XEC and xenobiotics of XEC in plasma, urine, feces and bile of rats after oral administration. A LC-MS quantification method was established and applied for the pharmacokinetic studies of major active compounds of XEC in normal and T2DM rats and Coptidis Rhizoma extracts (CRE) in T2DM rats. Fifty eight compounds in XEC and a total of 152 xenobiotics were identified in T2DM rats, including 28 prototypes and 124 metabolites. The metabolic pathways were demethylation, demethyleneization, reduction, hydroxylation, hydrolysis and subsequent binding reactions, including glucuronidation, sulfation and methylation. According to the results of chemical constituents and metabolites, 7 ingredients, including berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, berberrubine, magnoflorine and aurantio-obtusin were suggested for markers to comparative pharmacokinetics study in normal rats and T2DM rats. Compared with normal rats, the Tmax of berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, berberrubine and magnoflorine was significantly longer. The value of Cmax for palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine and berberrubine was significantly decreased in XEC T2DM group. The value of AUC for alkaloids was higher in diabetic rats. After oral CRE, alkaloids including berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, berberrubine and magnoflorine could be detected in vivo. Compared with T2DM rats after oral administration of CRE, the value of Tmax and Cmax for berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, berberrubine and magnoflorine exhibited significant differences in XEC T2DM group. This research provided an overview of the chemical profiles and metabolic profiling of XEC and elucidated the effect of diabetic state and compatibility on pharmacokinetic behaviors of active components in XEC. This research also can provide the material basis of XEC for subsequent quality control research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lin Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Dan Luo
- Shimadzu Enterprise Management (China) Co., Ltd., Wuhan Branch, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Zhi-Nan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Ya-Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jia-Xin He
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Zhuo-Fan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Ru-Feng Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jia-Le Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Xiao-Na Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Shimadzu Enterprise Management (China) Co., Ltd., Wuhan Branch, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hui-Ming Peng
- Department of Anatomy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430061, Hubei, China.
| | - Luo-Shen Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jia-Chun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jin-Bo Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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11
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Xu H, Li W, Huang L, He X, Xu B, He X, Chen W, Wang Y, Xu W, Wang S, Kong Q, Xu Y, Lu W. Phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase ameliorates mitochondrial function and apoptosis in hepatocytes in T2DM in vitro. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100337. [PMID: 36716821 PMCID: PMC10033998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver function indicators are often impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who present higher concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase than individuals without diabetes. However, the mechanism of liver injury in patients with T2DM has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we performed a lipidomics analysis on the liver of T2DM mice, and we found that phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) levels were low in T2DM, along with an increase in diglyceride, which may be due to a decrease in the levels of phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase (Pcyt2), thus likely affecting the de novo synthesis of PE. The phosphatidylserine decarboxylase pathway did not change significantly in the T2DM model, although both pathways are critical sources of PE. Supplementation with CDP-ethanolamine (CDP-etn) to increase the production of PE from the CDP-etn pathway reversed high glucose and FFA (HG&FFA)-induced mitochondrial damage including increased apoptosis, decreased ATP synthesis, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species, whereas supplementation with lysophosphatidylethanolamine, which can increase PE production in the phosphatidylserine decarboxylase pathway, did not. Additionally, we found that overexpression of PCYT2 significantly ameliorated ATP synthesis and abnormal mitochondrial morphology induced by HG&FFA. Finally, the BAX/Bcl-2/caspase3 apoptosis pathway was activated in hepatocytes of the T2DM model, which could also be reversed by CDP-etn supplements and PCYT2 overexpression. In summary, in the liver of T2DM mice, Pcyt2 reduction may lead to a decrease in the levels of PE, whereas CDP-etn supplementation and PCYT2 overexpression ameliorate partial mitochondrial function and apoptosis in HG&FFA-stimulated L02 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weizu Li
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinyu He
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bei Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xueqing He
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wentong Chen
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaoxing Wang
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Center for Scientific Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qin Kong
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Youzhi Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Wenjie Lu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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12
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Bai J, Xiong T, Wang X, Cheng Y, Luo R, Yang X, Fu C. Potential mechanisms of Lian-Zhi-Fan solution for TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via a metabolomics approach. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1014117. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1014117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lian-Zhi-Fan (LZF) decoction is a hospital-prescribed traditional Chinese medicine botanical drug prepared by the fermentation of decocted Coptidis Rhizome (Huanglian), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi), and alum (Baifan). It has been used clinically in China for the treatment of anal fistula, perianal abscess, ulcerative colitis (UC), and other anorectal diseases for hundreds of years. However, due to the complexity of traditional Chinese medicine, the potential mechanisms of LZF in the treatment of UC have remained unknown. This study primarily investigated the remarkable pharmacological effects of LZF on TNBS-induced UC rats. To explore the complex targets and regulatory mechanisms of metabolic networks under LZF intervention, a metabolomics approach mediated by HPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis was used to screen the different metabolites and their metabolic pathways in the serum in order to characterize the possible anti-UC mechanisms of LZF. After rectal administration of LZF for seven consecutive days, significant amelioration effects on body weight loss, DAI score, and colon inflammation were found in UC rats. Based on this, further metabolomics identified 14 potential biomarkers in the treatment of UC with LZF, of which five possessed diagnostic significance: L-alanine, taurocholic acid, niacinamide, cholic acid, and L-valine. These metabolites are mainly involved in 12 metabolic pathways, including nicotate and nicotinamide metabolism, glycospholipid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. These metabolic pathways suggest that LZF ameliorates UC by regulating amino acid metabolism, fat metabolism, and energy production. This study provides a useful approach for exploring the potential mechanisms of herbal prescription in UC treatment mediated by metabolomics.
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13
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Pan X, Meng J, Xu L, Chang M, Feng C, Geng X, Cheng Y, Guo D, Liu R, Wang Z, Li D, Tan L. In-depth investigation of the hypoglycemic mechanism of Morchella importuna polysaccharide via metabonomics combined with 16S rRNA sequencing. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:659-670. [PMID: 35995180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely related to intestinal bacteria disorders and abnormal hepatic metabolism. Morchella importuna polysaccharide (MIP) shows excellent hypoglycemic activity in vitro. However, the hypoglycemic effect and mechanism of MIP in vivo have yet to be investigated. In this study, the blood glucose, blood lipid and insulin resistance of diabetic mice after MIP intervention were measured to evaluate its hypoglycemic effect. Then, the microbiome and metabolomics were combined to explore the hypoglycemic mechanism of MIP. Results indicated that high dose MIP (400 mg/kg) had significant hypoglycemic effect. Furthermore, MIP could reverse diabetes-induced intestinal disorder by increasing the abundance of Akkermansia, Blautia, Dubosiella, and Lachnospiraceae, as well as decreasing the abundance of Helicobacteraceae. Besides, the hepatic metabolites and complex network systems formed by multiple metabolic pathways were regulated after MIP treatment. Notably, a new biomarker of diabetes (N-P-coumaroyl spermidine) was discovered in this study. Moreover, the significant association between intestinal bacteria and hepatic metabolites was determined by correlations analysis, which in turn confirmed MIP alleviated T2DM via the gut-liver axis. Therefore, these findings elucidated in-depth hypoglycemic mechanisms of MIP and provided a new biomarker for the prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Junlong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Lijing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Mingchang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Cuiping Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xueran Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yanfen Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Dongdong Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Rongzhu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Dongjie Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Lirui Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
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14
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Xu X, Fang C, Wang Y, Lu F, Liu S. Integrating Network Pharmacology and Metabolomics to Elucidate the Mechanism of Action of Huang Qin Decoction for Treament of Diabetic Liver Injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:899043. [PMID: 35694273 PMCID: PMC9176298 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.899043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang Qin Decoction (HQD), is used for the treatment of diabetic liver injury (DLI) and in this study, its mechanisms were evaluated by metabonomics and system pharmacology. To study the anti-DLI effects of HQD. The 48 male db/db mice were fed adaptively for one week, and a random blood glucose test was performed twice. The db/db mice with a blood glucose level of more than 11.1mol/l were separated into four groups: the model group, the active control group, the high-dose HQD group the low-dose HQD group, the control group consisted of db/m mice. Using the UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS metabolomics approach, 18 metabolites were found to be profoundly altered in the model group, and the levels of these biomarkers were significantly recovered after treatment with HQD. 8 signaling pathways related to HQD, including the Sphingolipid metabolism, Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, Phenylalanine metabolism, Glutathione metabolism and Glycerophospholipid metabolism, etc. were explored. In addition, the system pharmacology paradigm revealed that HQD contains 141 active ingredients and is related to 265 genes, and 1404 disease genes are related to DLI. The construction of the HQD composition-target-DLI network identified a total of 161 intersection genes. We identified 10 key genes, which is partially compatible with the results of metabolomics. The integrated approach metabolomics and network pharmacology revealed that additional detailed investigation focused on five major targets, including CAT, PTGS2, MAPK3, AKT1, and MAPK8, and their essential metabolites (sphinganine, sphingosine, Glutahione, Oxidized gutahione, Dihydrolipoamide) and pathway (glycerol phospholipid metabolism and tryptophan metabolism). The significant affinity of the primary target for the HQD was confirmed by molecular docking. The results demonstrate that the combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology could be used to reflect the effects of HQD on the biological network and metabolic state of DLI and to evaluate the drug efficacy of HQD and its related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Xu
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Fang
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Lu, ; Shumin Liu,
| | - Shumin Liu
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Lu, ; Shumin Liu,
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15
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Yan P, Wei Y, Wang M, Tao J, Ouyang H, Du Z, Li S, Jiang H. Network pharmacology combined with metabolomics and lipidomics to reveal the hypolipidemic mechanism of Alismatis rhizoma in hyperlipidemic mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:4714-4733. [PMID: 35383784 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Alismatis rhizoma (AR), the dried rhizome of Alisma orientale (Sam) Juzep, is effective in treating hyperlipidemia, but the mechanisms involved require further exploration. This study evaluated the hypolipidemic properties of AR using an integrated strategy combining network pharmacology with metabolomics and lipidomics. Firstly, a hyperlipidemia mouse model induced by a high-fat diet was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of AR. Secondly, plasma metabolomics and lipidomics were used to identify differential metabolites and lipids, and metabolic pathway analysis was performed using MetaboAnalyst. Thirdly, network pharmacology, based on the metabolic profile of AR in vivo, was used to discover potential therapeutic targets. Finally, key targets were obtained through a compound-target-metabolite network, which was verified by molecular docking and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Biochemistry analysis and histological examinations showed that AR exerted hypolipidemic effects on hyperlipidemic mice. Seventy potential biomarkers for the AR treatment of hyperlipidemia were identified by metabolomics and lipidomics, which were mainly involved in lipid metabolism, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Eighteen potentially active compounds were identified in the plasma of mice after oral administration of AR, which were associated with 83 potential therapeutic targets. The PPAR signaling pathway was considered a crucial signaling pathway of AR against hyperlipidemia by KEGG analysis. The joint analysis showed that 6 upstream key targets were regulated by AR, including ALB, TNF, IL1B, MMP9, PPARA and PPARG. Molecular docking showed that active compounds of AR had high binding affinity with these key targets. qPCR further demonstrated that AR could reverse the mRNA expression of these key targets in hyperlipidemic mice. This study integrates network pharmacology with metabolomics and lipidomics to reveal the regulatory effects of AR on endogenous metabolites and validates key therapeutic targets, and represents the most systematic and in-depth study on the hypolipidemic activity of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yan
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yinyu Wei
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Meiqin Wang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Jianmei Tao
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Zhifeng Du
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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16
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Shao H, Xiao M, Zha Z, Olatunji OJ. UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS 2 analysis of Acacia pennata extract and its effects on glycemic indices, lipid profile, pancreatic and hepatorenal alterations in nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1058-1069. [PMID: 35432973 PMCID: PMC9007297 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder associated with severe metabolic derangement and comorbidities. The constant increase in the global population of diabetic patients coupled with some prevailing side effects associated with synthetic antidiabetic drugs has necessitated the urgent need for the search for alternative antidiabetic regimens. This study investigated the antidiabetic, antioxidant, and pancreatic protective effects of the Acacia pennata extract (APE) against nicotinamide/streptozotocin induced DM in rats. The antidiabetic activity of APE was evaluated and investigated at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg body weight, while metformin (150 mg/kg bw) was used as a standard drug. APE markedly decreased blood glucose level, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low‐density lipoprotein, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine phosphatase levels. Additionally, treatment with APE increased the body weight, serum insulin concentration, and high‐density lipoprotein. Moreover, activities of pancreatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were increased, while the altered pancreatic architecture in the histopathological examination was notably restored in the treated rats. Ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS) analysis of APE showcases the prevailing presence of polyphenolic compounds. Conclusively, this study showed the beneficial effects of the Acacia pennata in controlling metabolic derangement, pancreatic and hepatorenal dysfunction in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory East China Normal University Affiliated Wuhu Hospital Wuhu China
| | - Minmin Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory East China Normal University Affiliated Wuhu Hospital Wuhu China
| | - Zheng Zha
- Department of Clinical Laboratory East China Normal University Affiliated Wuhu Hospital Wuhu China
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17
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Han L, Yang HY, Zheng YJ, Wei XX, Dan WC, Zhang LL, Ding QY, Ma X, Wang XM, Zhao LH, Tong XL. Mechanism exploration of Gouqi-wentang formula against type 2 diabetes mellitus by phytochemistry and network pharmacology-based analysis and biological validation. Chin Med 2021; 16:93. [PMID: 34579756 PMCID: PMC8477540 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Gouqi-wentang formula (GQWTF) is a herbal formula used by Academician Xiao-lin Tong for the clinical treatment of T2DM. GQWTF is beneficial to qi, nourishes Yin, clears heat, and promotes fluid production, but the effective components and their mechanism of action remain unclear. METHODS The main components of GQWTF were detected by LC-MS, and the multi-target mechanisms of GQWTF in T2DM were elucidated using network pharmacology analysis, including target prediction, protein-protein interaction network construction and analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway annotation, and other network construction. Finally, the efficacy of the GQWTF was verified using biological experiments. RESULTS First, the "herb-channel tropism" network suggested that GQWTF focuses more on treating diseases by recuperating the liver, which is considered as an important insulin-sensitive organ. Subsequently, a total of 16 active ingredients in GQWTF were detected and screened, and their biological targets were predicted. Then, "compound-target" network was constructed, where enrichment analysis of GQWTF targets reflected its potential pharmacological activities. After T2DM-related target identification, 39 cross targets of GQWTF and T2DM were obtained, and 30 key targets highly responsible for the beneficial effect of GQWTF on T2DM were identified by PPI analysis. GO analysis of these key targets showed that many biological processes of GQWTF in treating T2DM are key in the occurrence and development of T2DM, including components related to inflammatory/immune response, insulin, and metabolism. KEGG analysis revealed the regulation of multiple signalling pathways, such as insulin resistance, PPAR signalling pathway, FoxO signalling pathway, Fc epsilon RI signalling pathway, and pathways that influence diabetes primarily by regulating metabolism as well as other T2DM directly related pathways. Furthermore, a "formula-compound-pathway-symptom" network was constructed to represent a global view of GQWTF in the treatment of T2DM. CONCLUSIONS This study explored the mechanism of action of GQWTF in T2DM by multi-component and multi-target multi pathways, which could provide a theoretical basis for the development and clinical application of GQWTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Han
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Hao-Yu Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zheng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Wei
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wen-Chao Dan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qi-You Ding
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xin-Miao Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lin-Hua Zhao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xiao-Lin Tong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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