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Kim BH, Kim SH, Han C, Jeong HG, Lee MS, Kim J. Antidepressant-induced mania in panic disorder: a single-case study of clinical and functional connectivity characteristics. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1205126. [PMID: 37304446 PMCID: PMC10248065 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1205126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health issues, including panic disorder (PD), are prevalent and often co-occur with anxiety and bipolar disorders. While panic disorder is characterized by unexpected panic attacks, and its treatment often involves antidepressants, there is a 20-40% risk of inducing mania (antidepressant-induced mania) during treatment, making it crucial to understand mania risk factors. However, research on clinical and neurological characteristics of patients with anxiety disorders who develop mania is limited. Methods In this single case study, we conducted a larger prospective study on panic disorder, comparing baseline data between one patient who developed mania (PD-manic) and others who did not (PD-NM group). We enrolled 27 patients with panic disorder and 30 healthy controls (HCs) and examined alterations in amygdala-based brain connectivity using a seed-based whole-brain approach. We also performed exploratory comparisons with healthy controls using ROI-to-ROI analyses and conducted statistical inferences at a threshold of cluster-level family-wise error-corrected p < 0.05, with the cluster-forming threshold at the voxel level of uncorrected p < 0.001. Results The patient with PD-mania showed lower connectivity in brain regions related to the default mode network (left precuneous cortex, maximum z-value within the cluster = -6.99) and frontoparietal network (right middle frontal gyrus, maximum z-value within the cluster = -7.38; two regions in left supramarginal gyrus, maximum z-value within the cluster = -5.02 and -5.86), and higher in brain regions associated with visual processing network (right lingual gyrus, maximum z-value within the cluster = 7.86; right lateral occipital cortex, maximum z-value within the cluster = 8.09; right medial temporal gyrus, maximum z-value within the cluster = 8.16) in the patient with PD-mania compared to the PD-NM group. One significantly identified cluster, the left medial temporal gyrus (maximum z-value within the cluster = 5.82), presented higher resting-state functional connectivity with the right amygdala. Additionally, ROI-to-ROI analysis revealed that significant clusters between PD-manic and PD-NM groups differed from HCs in the PD-manic group but not in the PD-NM group. Conclusion Here, we demonstrate altered amygdala-DMN and amygdala-FPN connectivity in the PD-manic patient, as reported in bipolar disorder (hypo) manic episodes. Our study suggests that amygdala-based resting-state functional connectivity could serve as a potential biomarker for antidepressant-induced mania in panic disorder patients. Our findings provide an advance in understanding the neurological basis of antidepressant-induced mania, but further research with larger cohorts and more cases is necessary for a broader perspective on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ghang Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Xie Y, Cai K, Dai J, Wei G. Enhanced Integrity of White Matter Microstructure in Mind-Body Practitioners: A Whole-Brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040691. [PMID: 37190656 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is an increasingly popular multimodal mind-body practice with potential cognitive benefits, yet the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these effects, particularly in relation to brain white matter (WM) microstructure, remain largely unknown. In this study, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and the attention network test (ANT) to compare 22 TCC practitioners and 18 healthy controls. We found extensive differences in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) between the two groups. Specifically, TCC practitioners had significantly different diffusion metrics in the corticospinal tract (CST), fornix (FX)/stria terminalis (ST), and cerebral peduncle (CP). We also observed a significant correlation between increased FA values in the right CP and ANT performance in TCC practitioners. Our findings suggest that optimized regional WM microstructure may contribute to the complex information processing associated with TCC practice, providing insights for preventing cognitive decline and treating neurological disorders with cognitive impairment in clinical rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingrong Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kelong Cai
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Jingang Dai
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, National Chinese Medicine Experts Inheritance Office of Song Jun, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Gaoxia Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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3
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Du H, Yang B, Wang H, Zeng Y, Xin J, Li X. The non-linear correlation between the volume of cerebral white matter lesions and incidence of bipolar disorder: A secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1149663. [PMID: 37009125 PMCID: PMC10061585 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1149663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral white matter lesions (WML) are major risk factors for bipolar disorder (BD). However, studies on the association between cerebral WML volume and BD risk are limited. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cerebral WML volume and BD incidence. This is a secondary retrospective analysis of patients (N = 146, 72 males, 74 females, mean age = 41.77 years) who have previously undergone magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Information was obtained from the Dryad database. Univariate analysis, piecewise linear regression model, and multivariable logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. A non-linear relationship was recognized between the cerebral WML volume and BD incidence, in which the inflection point of the WML volume was 6,200 mm3. The effect sizes and confidence intervals on the left and right sides of the emphasis point were 1.0009 (1.0003, 1.0015) and 0.9988 (0.9974, 1.0003), respectively. Subgroup analysis (WML volume < 6,200 mm3) showed that the cerebral WML volume (for 0.1 mm3 increase) was positively related to the BD incidence (OR = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.03, 1.21)). Here we show that the cerebral WML volume is positively and non-linearly correlated to the BD risk. Volumetric analysis of WML provide a better understanding of the association between WML and the BD risk, and thereby the pathophysiological mechanisms of BD. Graphical abstract A non-linear relationship between the volume of cerebral white matter lesions (WML) and bipolar disorder (BD) incidence is shown. The cerebral WML volume is positively and non-linearly correlated to the BD risk. The correlation is stronger when the cerebral WML volume was <6,200 mm3.Graphical AbstractA non-linear relationship between the volume of cerebral white matter lesions and bipolar disorder incidence is shown after adjusting for age; sex; lithium, atypical antipsychotic, antiepileptic, and antidepressant drug use; BMI; migraine; smoking; hypertension; diabetes mellitus; substance and alcohol dependency; and anxiety disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Du
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Affiliated Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Neurological Department and Stroke Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqing Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianpin Xin
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Xiaolan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Li,
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Chang Z, Wang X, Wu Y, Lin P, Wang R. Segregation, integration and balance in resting-state brain functional networks associated with bipolar disorder symptoms. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:599-611. [PMID: 36161679 PMCID: PMC9842930 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental disorder involving widespread abnormal interactions between brain regions, and it is believed to be associated with imbalanced functions in the brain. However, how this brain imbalance underlies distinct BD symptoms remains poorly understood. Here, we used a nested-spectral partition (NSP) method to study the segregation, integration, and balance in resting-state brain functional networks in BD patients and healthy controls (HCs). We first confirmed that there was a high deviation in the brain functional network toward more segregation in BD patients than in HCs and that the limbic system had the largest alteration. Second, we demonstrated a network balance of segregation and integration that corresponded to lower anxiety in BD patients but was not related to other symptoms. Subsequently, based on a machine-learning approach, we identified different system-level mechanisms underlying distinct BD symptoms and found that the features related to the brain network balance could predict BD symptoms better than graph theory analyses. Finally, we studied attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in BD patients and identified specific patterns that distinctly predicted ADHD and BD scores, as well as their shared common domains. Our findings supported an association of brain imbalance with anxiety symptom in BD patients and provided a potential network signature for diagnosing BD. These results contribute to further understanding the neuropathology of BD and to screening ADHD in BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chang
- College of ScienceXi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'anChina
| | - Xinrui Wang
- College of ScienceXi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'anChina
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresSchool of Aerospace Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanics EducationXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Pan Lin
- Center for Mind & Brain Sciences and Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceHunan Normal UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Rong Wang
- College of ScienceXi'an University of Science and TechnologyXi'anChina,State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresSchool of Aerospace Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanics EducationXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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Zanghì E, Corallo F, Lo Buono V. Diffusion tensor imaging studies on subjects with suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A descriptive literature review. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2711. [PMID: 35943210 PMCID: PMC9480894 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Globally, suicide represents the second leading cause of death in young people aged 15-29 years for both sexes, after traffic accidents. Suicide occurs not only in high-income countries, in high-income countries but it is a global phenomenon in all regions of the world and it represents a serious public health problem. METHOD This review was conducted on studies focused on white matter alterations in people who have attempted or thought about suicide. We searched PubMed and Scopus databases and screened references of included studies and reviewed articles for additional citations. From the initial 21 publications, we included only 12 studies that met search criteria and described the association between white matter alterations and suicide. RESULTS White matter alterations in suicidal behaviors were found in the prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, internal capsule, corpus callosum, and default mode networks, which are critical cerebral areas involved in emotion processing and regulation, decision-making, executive functions, and empathy. CONCLUSIONS White matter alteration in cerebral areas involving high cognitive process and emotional regulation to confer a heightened vulnerability for suicidal behavior. Suicide is a complex process ranging from suicidal ideation to planning, attempting, or committing suicide. The identification of abnormalities in underlying neural circuitry may help delineate the neurobiological basis for suicide risk.
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White Matter Correlates of Early-Onset Bipolar Illness and Predictors of One-Year Recurrence of Depression in Adults with Bipolar Disorder. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123432. [PMID: 35743502 PMCID: PMC9225103 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) studies have reported abnormalities in emotion regulation circuits in BD; however, no study has examined the contribution of previous illness on these mechanisms. Using global probabilistic tractography, we aimed to identify neural correlates of previous BD illness and the extent to which these can help predict one-year recurrence of depressive episodes. dMRI data were collected in 70 adults with early-onset BD who were clinically followed for up to 18 years and 39 healthy controls. Higher number of depressive episodes during childhood/adolescence and higher percentage of time with syndromic depression during longitudinal follow-up was associated with lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in focal regions of the forceps minor (left, F = 4.4, p = 0.003; right, F = 3.1, p = 0.021) and anterior cingulum bundle (left, F = 4.7, p = 0.002; right, F = 7.0, p < 0.001). Lower FA in these regions was also associated with higher depressive and anxiety symptoms at scan. Remarkably, those having higher FA in the right cluster of the forceps minor (AOR = 0.43, p = 0.017) and in a cluster of the posterior cingulum bundle (right, AOR = 0.50, p = 0.032) were protected against the recurrence of depressive episodes. Previous depressive symptomatology may cause neurodegenerative effects in the forceps minor that are associated with worsening of BD symptomatology in subsequent years. Abnormalities in the posterior cingulum may also play a role.
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Santos JPL, Versace A, Stiffler RS, Aslam HA, Lockovich JC, Bonar L, Bertocci M, Iyengar S, Bebko G, Skeba A, Gill MK, Monk K, Hickey MB, Birmaher B, Phillips ML. White matter predictors of worsening of subthreshold hypomania severity in non-bipolar young adults parallel abnormalities in individuals with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 306:148-156. [PMID: 35331820 PMCID: PMC9008581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying neural predictors of worsening subthreshold hypomania severity can help identify risk of progression to BD. While diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) studies reported white matter microstructural abnormalities in tracts supporting emotional regulation in individuals with BD, it remains unknown whether similar patterns of white matter microstructure predict worsening of subthreshold hypomania severity in non-BD individuals. METHODS dMRI data were collected in: 81 non-BD individuals recruited across a range of subthreshold depression and hypomania, and followed for six months; and independent samples of 75 BD and 58 healthy individuals. All individuals were assessed using standardized diagnostic assessments, mood and anxiety symptom rating scales. Global probabilistic tractography and a tract-profile approach examined fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure of fiber collinearity, in tracts supporting emotional regulation shown to have abnormalities in BD: forceps minor (FMIN), anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), cingulum bundle (CB), and uncinate fasciculus (UF). RESULTS Lower FA in left CB (middle, β = -0.22, P = 0.022; posterior, β = -0.32, P < 0.001), right CB (anterior, β = -0.30, P = 0.003; posterior, β = -0.27, P = 0.005), and right UF (frontal, β = -0.29, P = 0.002; temporal, β = -0.40, P < 0.001) predicted worsening of subthreshold hypomania severity in non-BD individuals. BD versus healthy individuals showed lower FA in several of these segments: middle left CB (F = 8.7, P = 0.004), anterior right CB (F = 9.8, P = 0.002), and frontal right UF (F = 7.0, P = 0.009). Non-BD individuals with worsening 6-month hypomania had lower FA in these three segments versus HC and non-BD individuals without worsening hypomania, but similar FA to BD individuals. LIMITATIONS Relatively short follow-up. CONCLUSIONS White matter predictors of worsening subthreshold hypomania in non-BD individuals parallel abnormalities in BD individuals, and can guide early risk identification and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Lima Santos
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Amelia Versace
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Richelle S Stiffler
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haris A Aslam
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeanette C Lockovich
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Bonar
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michele Bertocci
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Satish Iyengar
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Genna Bebko
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexander Skeba
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary Kay Gill
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly Monk
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary Beth Hickey
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Boris Birmaher
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary L Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Luttenbacher I, Phillips A, Kazemi R, Hadipour AL, Sanghvi I, Martinez J, Adamson MM. Transdiagnostic role of glutamate and white matter damage in neuropsychiatric disorders: A Systematic Review. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 147:324-348. [PMID: 35151030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SZ) have been considered distinct categories of diseases despite their overlapping characteristics and symptomatology. We aimed to provide an in-depth review elucidating the role of glutamate/Glx and white matter (WM) abnormalities in these disorders from a transdiagnostic perspective. The PubMed online database was searched for studies published between 2010 and 2021. After careful screening, 401 studies were included. The findings point to decreased levels of glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in both SZ and BD, whereas Glx is elevated in the Hippocampus in SZ and MDD. With regard to WM abnormalities, the Corpus Callosum and superior Longitudinal Fascicle were the most consistently identified brain regions showing decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) across all the reviewed disorders, except GAD. Additionally, the Uncinate Fasciculus displayed decreased FA in all disorders, except OCD. Decreased FA was also found in the inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus, inferior Fronto-Occipital Fasciculus, Thalamic Radiation, and Corona Radiata in SZ, BD, and MDD. Decreased FA in the Fornix and Corticospinal Tract were found in BD and SZ patients. The Cingulum and Anterior Limb of Internal Capsule exhibited decreased FA in MDD and SZ patients. The results suggest a gradual increase in severity from GAD to SZ defined by the number of brain regions with WM abnormality which may be partially caused by abnormal glutamate levels. WM damage could thus be considered a potential marker of some of the main neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Luttenbacher
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Angela Phillips
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Reza Kazemi
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abed L Hadipour
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Isha Sanghvi
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julian Martinez
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Maheen M Adamson
- Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Kieseppä T, Mäntylä R, Luoma K, Rikandi E, Jylhä P, Isometsä E. White Matter Hyperintensities after Five-Year Follow-Up and a Cross-Sectional FA Decrease in Bipolar I and Major Depressive Patients. Neuropsychobiology 2022; 81:39-50. [PMID: 34130283 DOI: 10.1159/000516234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An increase in brain white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and a decrease in white matter fractional anisotrophy (FA) have been detected in bipolar I (BPI), II (BPII), and major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Their relationship, and differences in diagnostic groups are obscure. Longitudinal studies are rare. OBJECTIVE After 5-year follow-up, we evaluated WMHs in BPI, BPII, and MDD patients as compared with controls, and studied the effects of clinical variables. We also explored the associations of clinical variables with cross-sectional whole brain FA. METHODS Eight BPI, 8 BPII, 6 MDD patients, and 19 controls participated in magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and follow-up. Diffusion weighted imaging was included at follow-up. WMHs were rated by the Coffey scale, and a tract-based spatial statistics method was used for diffusion data. The general linear model, ANOVA, Fisher's exact, Wilcoxon sign, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Periventricular WMHs were increased in BPI patients (p = 0.047) and associated with the duration of disorder and lifetime occurrence of substance use disorder (p = 0.018). FA decrease was found in the corpus callosum of BPI patients (p < 0.01). MDD patients showed FA decrease in the right cerebellar middle peduncle (RCMP) (p < 0.01). In BPI patients, the duration of disorder associated with FA increase in RCMP (p < 0.05). No FA decrease was detected in patients with WMHs as compared with those without. CONCLUSIONS Preceding illness burden associated modestly with WMHs, and FA increase in RCMP in BPI patients. MDD patients had FA decrease in RCMP. No association with FA decrease and WMHs was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuula Kieseppä
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health and Welfare, Mental Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Mäntylä
- Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Hyvinkää Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katariina Luoma
- Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Meilahti Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eva Rikandi
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health and Welfare, Mental Health, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Center, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Jylhä
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health and Welfare, Mental Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erkki Isometsä
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health and Welfare, Mental Health, Helsinki, Finland
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10
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Goghari VM, Kusi M, Shakeel MK, Beasley C, David S, Leemans A, De Luca A, Emsell L. Diffusion kurtosis imaging of white matter in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 317:111341. [PMID: 34411810 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
White matter pathology likely contributes to the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD). Most studies of white matter in BD have used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), but the advent of more advanced multi-shell diffusion MRI imaging offers the possibility to investigate other aspects of white matter microstructure. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) extends the DTI model and provides additional measures related to diffusion restriction. Here, we investigated white matter in BD by applying whole-brain voxel-based analysis (VBA) and a network-based connectivity approach using constrained spherical deconvolution tractography to assess differences in DKI and DTI metrics between BD (n = 25) and controls (n = 24). The VBA showed lower mean kurtosis in the corona radiata and posterior association fibers in BD. Regional differences in connectivity were indicated by lower mean kurtosis and kurtosis anisotropy in streamlines traversing the temporal and occipital lobes, and lower mean axial kurtosis in the right cerebellar, thalamo-subcortical pathways in BD. Significant differences were not seen in DTI metrics following FDR-correction. The DKI findings indicate altered connectivity across cortical, subcortical and cerebellar areas in BD. DKI is sensitive to different microstructural properties and is a useful complementary technique to DTI to more fully investigate white matter in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vina M Goghari
- Department of Psychology & Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Mavis Kusi
- Department of Psychology & Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammed K Shakeel
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Clare Beasley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Szabolcs David
- Image Sciences Institute, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiation Oncology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Alberto De Luca
- Image Sciences Institute, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Neurology Department, Brain Center, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Louise Emsell
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Imaging and Pathology and Department of Neurosciences, Translational MRI and Neuropsychiatry, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Differentiating white matter measures that protect against vs. predispose to bipolar disorder and other psychopathology in at-risk youth. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:2207-2216. [PMID: 34285367 PMCID: PMC8505429 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is highly heritable. Identifying objective biomarkers reflecting pathophysiological processes predisposing to, versus protecting against BD, can help identify BD risk in offspring of BD parents. We recruited 21 BD participants with a first-degree relative with BD, 25 offspring of BD parents, 27 offspring of comparison parents with non-BD psychiatric disorders, and 32 healthy offspring of healthy parents. In at-risk groups, 23 had non-BD diagnoses and 29, no Axis-I diagnoses(healthy). Five at-risk offspring who developed BD post scan(Converters) were included. Diffusion imaging(dMRI) analysis with tract segmentation identified between-group differences in the microstructure of prefrontal tracts supporting emotional regulation relevant to BD: forceps minor, anterior thalamic radiation(ATR), cingulum bundle(CB), and uncinate fasciculus(UF). BD participants showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right CB (anterior portion) than other groups (q < 0.05); and in bilateral ATR (posterior portion) versus at-risk groups (q < 0.001). Healthy, but not non-BD, at-risk participants showed significantly higher FA in bilateral ATR clusters than healthy controls (qs < 0.05). At-risk groups showed higher FA in these clusters than BD participants (qs < 0.05). Non-BD versus healthy at-risk participants, and Converters versus offspring of BD parents, showed lower FA in the right ATR cluster (qs < 0.05). Low anterior right CB FA in BD participants versus other groups might result from having BD. High bilateral ATR FA in at-risk groups, and in healthy at-risk participants, versus healthy controls might protect against BD/other psychiatric disorders. Absence of elevated right ATR FA in non-BD versus healthy at-risk participants, and in Converters versus non-converter offspring of BD parents, might lower protection against BD in at-risk groups.
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Duan J, Wei Y, Womer FY, Zhang X, Chang M, Zhu Y, Liu Z, Li C, Yin Z, Zhang R, Sun J, Wang P, Wang S, Jiang X, Wei S, Zhang Y, Tang Y, Wang F. Neurobiological substrates of major psychiatry disorders: transdiagnostic associations between white matter abnormalities, neuregulin 1 and clinical manifestation. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E506-E515. [PMID: 34467747 PMCID: PMC8526153 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.200166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder are increasingly being conceptualized as a transdiagnostic continuum. Disruption of white matter is a common alteration in these psychiatric disorders, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the disruption remain unclear. Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is genetically linked with susceptibility to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, and it is also related to white matter. METHODS Using a transdiagnostic approach, we aimed to identify white matter differences associated with NRG1 and their relationship to transdiagnostic symptoms and cognitive function. We examined the white matter of 1051 participants (318 healthy controls and 733 patients with major psychiatric disorders: 254 with schizophrenia, 212 with bipolar disorder and 267 with major depressive disorder) who underwent diffusion tensor imaging. We measured the plasma NRG1-β1 levels of 331 participants. We also evaluated clinical symptoms and cognitive function. RESULTS In the patient group, abnormal white matter was negatively associated with NRG1-β1 levels in the genu of the corpus callosum, right uncinate fasciculus, bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, right external capsule, fornix, right optic tract, left straight gyrus white matter and left olfactory radiation. These NRG1-associated white matter abnormalities were also associated with depression and anxiety symptoms and executive function in patients with a major psychiatric disorder. Furthermore, across the 3 disorders we observed analogous alterations in white matter, NRG1-β1 levels and clinical manifestations. LIMITATIONS Medication status, the wide age range and our cross-sectional findings were limitations of this study. CONCLUSION This study is the first to provide evidence for an association between NRG1, white matter abnormalities, clinical symptoms and cognition in a transdiagnostic psychiatric cohort. These findings provide further support for an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the neuroimaging substrates of major psychiatric disorders and their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Duan
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Yange Wei
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Fay Y Womer
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Xizhe Zhang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Miao Chang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Yue Zhu
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Zhuang Liu
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Chao Li
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Zhiyang Yin
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Ran Zhang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Jiaze Sun
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Pengshuo Wang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Shuai Wang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Shengnan Wei
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Yanqing Tang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
| | - Fei Wang
- From the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Duan, Zhu, Yin, R. Zhang, Sun, P. Wang, S. Wang, Tang, F. Wang); the Early Intervention Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China (Duan, Y. Wei, R. Zhang, F. Wang); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China (X. Zhang); the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Li, Jiang, S.Wei); the School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Liu); the Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, SK (Y. Zhang)
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Guglielmo R, Miskowiak KW, Hasler G. Evaluating endophenotypes for bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord 2021; 9:17. [PMID: 34046710 PMCID: PMC8160068 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-021-00220-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenotypic heterogeneity is a major impediment to the elucidation of the neurobiology and genetics of bipolar disorder. Endophenotype could help in reducing heterogeneity by defining biological traits that are more direct expressions of gene effects. The aim of this review is to examine the recent literature on clinical, epidemiological, neurobiological, and genetic findings and to select and evaluate candidate endophenotypes for bipolar disorder. Evaluating putative endophenotype could be helpful in better understanding the neurobiology of bipolar disorder by improving the definition of bipolar-related phenotypes in genetic studies. In this manner, research on endophenotypes could be useful to improve psychopathological diagnostics in the long-run by dissecting psychiatric macro phenotypes into biologically valid components. MAIN BODY The associations among the psychopathological and biological endophenotypes are discussed with respect to specificity, temporal stability, heritability, familiarity, and clinical and biological plausibility. Numerous findings regarding brain function, brain structure, neuropsychology and altered neurochemical pathways in patients with bipolar disorder and their relatives deserve further investigation. Overall, major findings suggest a developmental origin of this disorder as all the candidate endophenotypes that we have been able to select are present both in the early stages of the disorder as well as in subjects at risk. CONCLUSIONS Among the stronger candidate endophenotypes, we suggest circadian rhythm instability, dysmodulation of emotion and reward, altered neuroimmune state, attention and executive dysfunctions, anterior cingulate cortex thickness and early white matter abnormalities. In particular, early white matter abnormalities could be the result of a vulnerable brain on which new stressors are added in young adulthood which favours the onset of the disorder. Possible pathways that lead to a vulnerable brain are discussed starting from the data about molecular and imaging endophenotypes of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Guglielmo
- Psychiatry Research Unit, Fribourg Network for Mental Health (RFSM), University of Fribourg, Chemin du Cardinal-Journet 3, 1752, Villars-sur-Glâne, Switzerland.,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Catholic University Medical School, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak
- Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gregor Hasler
- Psychiatry Research Unit, Fribourg Network for Mental Health (RFSM), University of Fribourg, Chemin du Cardinal-Journet 3, 1752, Villars-sur-Glâne, Switzerland.
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14
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Kelleher-Unger I, Tajchman Z, Chittano G, Vilares I. Meta-Analysis of white matter diffusion tensor imaging alterations in borderline personality disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 307:111205. [PMID: 33158715 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BorPD) is characterized by instability and mood dysregulation, unstable relationships and distorted self-image. Identification of underlying anatomical and physiological changes is crucial to refine current treatments and develop new ones. In this perspective, previous magnetic resonance imaging studies have highlighted alterations associated with BorPD phenotype. In particular, diffusion-weighted imaging/Diffusion tensor imaging (DWI/DTI) has identified many white matter structural alterations in individuals with this diagnosis. Although in its infancy, limiting this line of investigation is a lack of direction at the field level. Hence, the present paper aims to conduct a meta-analysis of DWI/DTI findings in individuals with a diagnosis of BorPD, testing the hypothesis that there are specific white matter alterations associated with BorPD. To this end, we performed a meta-analysis of the existing literature of DWI/DTI in BorPD representing a total of 123 individuals with BorPD and 117 Controls. Our results indicated that individuals with BorPD show regions of reduced fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum and fornix. These results survived all jack-knife reshuffles and showed no publication bias. This suggests that alterations in these structures may contribute to psychopathology. Further, the present results lend support to extant psychological and biological models of BorPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Kelleher-Unger
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Division of Anaesthesia, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zuzanna Tajchman
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Gabriella Chittano
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Iris Vilares
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
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15
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Chen W, Lin H, Lyu M, Wang VJ, Li X, Bao S, Sun G, Xia J, Wang P. The potential role of leukoaraiosis in remodeling the brain network to buffer cognitive decline: a Leukoaraiosis And Disability study from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:183-203. [PMID: 33392021 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Leukoaraiosis (LA) is a phenomenon of the brain that is often observed in elderly people. However, little is known about the role of LA in cognitive impairment in neurodegeneration and disease. This cross-sectional, retrospective Leukoaraiosis And Disability (LADIS) study aimed to characterize the relationship between brain white matter connectivity properties with LA ratings in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) as compared with age-matched cognitively normal controls. Methods Patients with AD (n=76) and elderly individuals with normal cognitive (NC) function (n=82) were classified into 3 groups, LA1, LA2, and LA3, according to the rating of their white matter changes (WMCs). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were analyzed by quantifying and comparing the white matter connectivity properties and gray matter (GM) volume of brain regions of interest (ROIs). Results The rich-club network properties in the AD LA1 and LA2 groups showed significant patterns of disrupted peripheral regions and reduced connectivity compared to those in the NC LA1 and LA2 groups, respectively. However, the rich-club network properties in the AD LA3 group showed similar patterns of disrupted peripheral regions and reduced connectivity compared to those in the NC LA3 group, despite there being significant hippocampal and amygdala atrophic differences between AD patients and NC elders. Compared to the NC LA1 group, the characteristic path length of white matter fiber connectivity in the NC LA3 group was significantly increased, and the brain's global efficiency, clustering coefficient, and network connectivity strength were significantly reduced (P<0.05, respectively). However, no significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in characteristic path length, reduced global efficiency, or the clustering coefficient between the NC LA3 and AD LA1 groups, or between the NC LA3 and AD LA2 groups. Conclusions Our findings offer some insights into a potential role of LA in cognitive impairment that may predict the development of disability in older adults. The occurrence of LA, an intermediate degenerative change, during neurodegeneration and disease may potentially lead to the remodeling of the brain network through brain plasticity. LA, therefore, representing a possible compensatory mechanism to buffer cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiology, Pingshan District People's Hospital, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minrui Lyu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Victoria J Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shixing Bao
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Radiology, Pingshan District People's Hospital, Pingshan General Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peijun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Psychotic disorders are central to mental health service provision and a common theme of academic research programmes in Ireland, which explore the neurobiological and psychosocial risk factors underpinning the development and progression of these illnesses. While we await the discovery of novel pharmacological treatment targets for psychotic disorders, it is important to employ our existing management strategies to optimal effect. In this special issue on psychosis, a selection of clinical research studies and reviews from Irish researchers, and often of Irish populations, are brought together which span the trajectory of psychotic illness from early intervention to treatment resistance. The topics include the characteristics and course of first episode psychosis cohorts, real-world evaluation of early intervention services, management strategies for treatment resistant schizophrenia and neurobiological research into social stress. The current editorial provides an overview of these papers and highlights the initial steps of the Irish Psychosis Research Network towards developing an integrated clinical research network focusing on the treatment and research into psychotic disorders.
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Vai B, Parenti L, Bollettini I, Cara C, Verga C, Melloni E, Mazza E, Poletti S, Colombo C, Benedetti F. Predicting differential diagnosis between bipolar and unipolar depression with multiple kernel learning on multimodal structural neuroimaging. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 34:28-38. [PMID: 32238313 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in providing early effective treatment in mood disorders is the early differential diagnosis between major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). A remarkable need exists to identify reliable biomarkers for these disorders. We integrate structural neuroimaging techniques (i.e. Tract-based Spatial Statistics, TBSS, and Voxel-based morphometry) in a multiple kernel learning procedure in order to define a predictive function of BD against MDD diagnosis in a sample of 148 patients. We achieved a balanced accuracy of 73.65% with a sensitivity for BD of 74.32% and specificity for MDD of 72.97%. Mass-univariates analyses showed reduced grey matter volume in right hippocampus, amygdala, parahippocampal, fusiform gyrus, insula, rolandic and frontal operculum and cerebellum, in BD compared to MDD. Volumes in these regions and in anterior cingulate cortex were also reduced in BD compared to healthy controls (n = 74). TBSS analyses revealed widespread significant effects of diagnosis on fractional anisotropy, axial, radial, and mean diffusivity in several white matter tracts, suggesting disruption of white matter microstructure in depressed patients compared to healthy controls, with worse pattern for MDD. To best of our knowledge, this is the first study combining grey matter and diffusion tensor imaging in predicting BD and MDD diagnosis. Our results prompt brain quantitative biomarkers and multiple kernel learning as promising tool for personalized treatment in mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Vai
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; Fondazione Centro San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Parenti
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Irene Bollettini
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Cara
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Verga
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Melloni
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Mazza
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Poletti
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Colombo
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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Khan W, Egorova N, Khlif MS, Mito R, Dhollander T, Brodtmann A. Three-tissue compositional analysis reveals in-vivo microstructural heterogeneity of white matter hyperintensities following stroke. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116869. [PMID: 32334092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are frequently observed on brain scans of older individuals and are associated with cognitive impairment and vascular brain burden. Recent studies have shown that WMHs may only represent an extreme end of a diffuse pathological spectrum of white matter (WM) degeneration. The present study investigated the microstructural characteristics of WMHs using an advanced diffusion MRI modelling approach known as Single-Shell 3-Tissue Constrained Spherical Deconvolution (SS3T-CSD), which provides information on different tissue compartments within each voxel. The SS3T-CSD method may provide complementary information in the interpretation of pathological tissue through the tissue-specific microstructural compositions of WMHs. Data were obtained from stroke patients enrolled in the Cognition and Neocortical Volume After Stroke (CANVAS) study, a study examining brain volume and cognition after stroke. WMHs were segmented using an automated method, based on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images. Automated tissue segmentation was used to identify normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). WMHs were classified into juxtaventricular, periventricular and deep lesions, based on their distance from the ventricles (3-10 mm). We aimed to compare in stroke participants the microstructural composition of the different lesion classes of WMHs and compositions of NAWM to assess the in-vivo heterogeneity of these lesions. Results showed that the 3-tissue composition significantly differed between WMHs classes and NAWM. Specifically, the 3-tissue compositions for juxtaventricular and periventricular WMHs both exhibited a relatively greater fluid-like (free water) content, which is compatible with a presence of interstitial fluid accumulation, when compared to deep WMHs. These findings provide evidence of microstructural heterogeneity of WMHs in-vivo and may support new insights for understanding the role of WMH development in vascular neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Khan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, UK.
| | - Natalia Egorova
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohamed Salah Khlif
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Remika Mito
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thijs Dhollander
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy Brodtmann
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gordovez FJA, McMahon FJ. The genetics of bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:544-559. [PMID: 31907381 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most heritable mental illnesses, but the elucidation of its genetic basis has proven to be a very challenging endeavor. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have transformed our understanding of BD, providing the first reproducible evidence of specific genetic markers and a highly polygenic architecture that overlaps with that of schizophrenia, major depression, and other disorders. Individual GWAS markers appear to confer little risk, but common variants together account for about 25% of the heritability of BD. A few higher-risk associations have also been identified, such as a rare copy number variant on chromosome 16p11.2. Large scale next-generation sequencing studies are actively searching for other alleles that confer substantial risk. As our understanding of the genetics of BD improves, there is growing optimism that some clear biological pathways will emerge, providing a basis for future studies aimed at molecular diagnosis and novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis James A Gordovez
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, 1000, Ermita, Manila, Philippines
| | - Francis J McMahon
- Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Neuroanatomical Dysconnectivity Underlying Cognitive Deficits in Bipolar Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2019; 5:152-162. [PMID: 31806486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graph theory applied to brain networks is an emerging approach to understanding the brain's topological associations with human cognitive ability. Despite well-documented cognitive impairments in bipolar disorder (BD) and recent reports of altered anatomical network organization, the association between connectivity and cognitive impairments in BD remains unclear. METHODS We examined the role of anatomical network connectivity derived from T1- and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in impaired cognitive performance in individuals with BD (n = 32) compared with healthy control individuals (n = 38). Fractional anisotropy- and number of streamlines-weighted anatomical brain networks were generated by mapping constrained spherical deconvolution-reconstructed white matter among 86 cortical/subcortical bilateral brain regions delineated in the individual's own coordinate space. Intelligence and executive function were investigated as distributed functions using measures of global, rich-club, and interhemispheric connectivity, while memory and social cognition were examined in relation to subnetwork connectivity. RESULTS Lower executive functioning related to higher global clustering coefficient in participants with BD, and lower IQ performance may present with a differential relationship between global and interhemispheric efficiency in individuals with BD relative to control individuals. Spatial recognition memory accuracy and response times were similar between diagnostic groups and associated with basal ganglia and thalamus interconnectivity and connectivity within extended anatomical subnetworks in all participants. No anatomical subnetworks related to episodic memory, short-term memory, or social cognition generally or differently in BD. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate selective influence of subnetwork patterns of connectivity in underlying cognitive performance generally and abnormal global topology underlying discrete cognitive impairments in BD.
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Poletti S, Melloni E, Aggio V, Colombo C, Valtorta F, Benedetti F, Comai S. Grey and white matter structure associates with the activation of the tryptophan to kynurenine pathway in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:404-412. [PMID: 31610997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness characterised by reduced grey matter (GM) volumes and cortical thickness, and disrupted white matter (WM) microstructure. Activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase following a pro-inflammatory state could increase the amount of tryptophan (Trp) converted to kynurenine (Kyn) possibly leading to the production of detrimental catabolites of the Kyn pathway with neurotoxic effects. We investigated if peripheral levels of Trp-and Kyn and the breakdown of Trp-into Kyn (Kyn/Trp-ratio) are related to WM and GM integrity in BD. METHODS Peripheral levels of Trp-and Kyn were analysed in 72 patients with BD and 33 controls. Patients also underwent MRI in a Philips 3T scanner. RESULTS Patients showed higher Kyn levels and Kyn/Trp-ratio compared to controls. MRI analyses performed in patients with BD showed a negative association between the Kyn/Trp-ratio and the integrity of corpus callosum microstructure, the volume of the amygdala and cortical thickness in fronto-parietal regions. LIMITATION The lack of information on the levels of downstream metabolites of Kyn prevent us to confirm the possible unbalance between quinolinic and kynurenic acids as well as their possible relationship with changes in GM and WM markers. The activation of the Kyn pathway as suggested by the increased Kyn/Trp-ratio may lead to an imbalance of the neurotoxic vs the neuroprotective arm of the biochemical pathway, resulting in significant changes in GM and WM regions of brain areas strongly implicated in the pathophysiology of BD, such as amygdala and corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Poletti
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisa Melloni
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Aggio
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Colombo
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Valtorta
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Comai
- Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, Milan, Italy
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Differentiating between bipolar and unipolar depression in functional and structural MRI studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 91:20-27. [PMID: 29601896 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Distinguishing depression in bipolar disorder (BD) from unipolar depression (UD) solely based on clinical clues is difficult, which has led to the exploration of promising neural markers in neuroimaging measures for discriminating between BD depression and UD. In this article, we review structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies that directly compare UD and BD depression based on neuroimaging modalities including functional MRI studies on regional brain activation or functional connectivity, structural MRI on gray or white matter morphology, and pattern classification analyses using a machine learning approach. Numerous studies have reported distinct functional and structural alterations in emotion- or reward-processing neural circuits between BD depression and UD. Different activation patterns in neural networks including the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and striatum during emotion-, reward-, or cognition-related tasks have been reported between BD and UD. A stronger functional connectivity pattern in BD was pronounced in default mode and in frontoparietal networks and brain regions including the PFC, ACC, parietal and temporal regions, and thalamus compared to UD. Gray matter volume differences in the ACC, hippocampus, amygdala, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) have been reported between BD and UD, along with a thinner DLPFC in BD compared to UD. BD showed reduced integrity in the anterior part of the corpus callosum and posterior cingulum compared to UD. Several studies performed pattern classification analysis using structural and functional MRI data to distinguish between UD and BD depression using a supervised machine learning approach, which yielded a moderate level of accuracy in classification.
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23
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Jeurissen B, Descoteaux M, Mori S, Leemans A. Diffusion MRI fiber tractography of the brain. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e3785. [PMID: 28945294 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability of fiber tractography to delineate non-invasively the white matter fiber pathways of the brain raises possibilities for clinical applications and offers enormous potential for neuroscience. In the last decade, fiber tracking has become the method of choice to investigate quantitative MRI parameters in specific bundles of white matter. For neurosurgeons, it is quickly becoming an invaluable tool for the planning of surgery, allowing for visualization and localization of important white matter pathways before and even during surgery. Fiber tracking has also claimed a central role in the field of "connectomics," a technique that builds and studies comprehensive maps of the complex network of connections within the brain, and to which significant resources have been allocated worldwide. Despite its unique abilities and exciting applications, fiber tracking is not without controversy, in particular when it comes to its interpretation. As neuroscientists are eager to study the brain's connectivity, the quantification of tractography-derived "connection strengths" between distant brain regions is becoming increasingly popular. However, this practice is often frowned upon by fiber-tracking experts. In light of this controversy, this paper provides an overview of the key concepts of tractography, the technical considerations at play, and the different types of tractography algorithm, as well as the common misconceptions and mistakes that surround them. We also highlight the ongoing challenges related to fiber tracking. While recent methodological developments have vastly increased the biological accuracy of fiber tractograms, one should be aware that, even with state-of-the-art techniques, many issues that severely bias the resulting structural "connectomes" remain unresolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Jeurissen
- imec-Vision Lab, Dept. of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Centre de Recherche CHUS, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Susumu Mori
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Leemans
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Acuff HE, Versace A, Bertocci MA, Hanford LC, Ladouceur CD, Manelis A, Monk K, Bonar L, McCaffrey A, Goldstein BI, Goldstein TR, Sakolsky D, Axelson D, Birmaher B, Phillips ML. White matter - emotion processing activity relationships in youth offspring of bipolar parents. J Affect Disord 2019; 243:153-164. [PMID: 30243195 PMCID: PMC6476540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection of Bipolar Disorder (BD) is critical for targeting interventions to delay or prevent illness onset. Yet, the absence of objective BD biomarkers makes accurately identifying at-risk youth difficult. In this study, we examined how relationships between white matter tract (WMT) structure and activity in emotion processing neural circuitry differentiate youth at risk for BD from youth at risk for other psychiatric disorders. METHODS Offspring (ages 8-17) of parents with BD (OBP, n = 32), offspring of comparison parents with non-BD psychopathology (OCP, n = 30), and offspring of healthy parents (OHP, n = 24) underwent diffusion tensor and functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing an emotional face processing task. Penalized and multiple regression analyses included GROUP(OBP,OCP)xWMT interactions as main independent variables, and emotion processing activity as dependent variables, to determine significant group differences in WMT-activity relationships. RESULTS 8 GROUPxWMT interaction variables contributed to 16.5% of the variance in amygdala and prefrontal cortical activity to happy faces. Of these, significant group differences in slopes (inverse for OBP, positive for OCP) existed for the relationship between forceps minor radial diffusivity and rostral anterior cingulate activity (p = 0.014). Slopes remained significantly different in unmedicated youth without psychiatric disorders (p = 0.017) and were moderated by affective lability symptoms (F(1,29) = 5.566, p = 0.036). LIMITATIONS Relatively small sample sizes were included. CONCLUSIONS Forceps minor radial diffusivity-rostral anterior cingulate activity relationships may reflect underlying neuropathological processes that contribute to affectively labile youth at risk for BD and may help differentiate them from youth at risk for other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E. Acuff
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Psychiatry, Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amelia Versace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna Manelis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly Monk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lisa Bonar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alicia McCaffrey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Tina R. Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dara Sakolsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Axelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Nationwide Children’s Hospital and The Ohio State College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Boris Birmaher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary L. Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Comparison of structural connectivity in Parkinson's disease with depressive symptoms versus non-depressed: a diffusion MRI connectometry study. Int Psychogeriatr 2019; 31:5-12. [PMID: 29560834 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610218000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED ABSTRACTObjective:Research on psychobiological markers of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains a hot topic. Non-motor symptoms such as depression and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) each attribute to a particular neurodegenerative cluster in PD, and might enlighten the way for early prediction/detection of PD. The neuropathology of mood disturbances remains unclear. In fact, a few studies have investigated depression using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (diffusion MRI). METHOD Diffusion MRI of PD patients without comorbid RBD was used to assess whether microstructural abnormalities are detectable in the brain of 40 PD patients with depression compared to 19 patients without depression. Diffusion MRI connectometry was used to carry out group analysis between age- and gender-matched PD patients with and without depressive symptoms. Diffusion MRI connectometry is based on spin distribution function, which quantifies the density of diffusing water and is a sensitive and specific analytical method to psychological differences between groups. RESULTS A significant difference (FDR = 0.016129) was observed in the left and right uncinate fasciculi, left and right inferior longitudinal fasciculi, left and right fornices, left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, right corticospinal tract, genu of corpus callosum, and middle cerebellar peduncle. CONCLUSION These results suggest the prominent circuits involved in emotion recognition, particularly negative emotions, might be impaired in comorbid depressive symptoms in PD.
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Ren S, Chang M, Yin Z, Feng R, Wei Y, Duan J, Jiang X, Wei S, Tang Y, Wang F, Li S. Age-Related Alterations of White Matter Integrity in Adolescents and Young Adults With Bipolar Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:1010. [PMID: 32047447 PMCID: PMC6997540 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of white matter integrity during adolescence/young adulthood may contribute to the neurodevelopmental pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD), but it remains unknown how white matter integrity changes in BD patients during this critical period of brain development. In the present study, we aimed to identify possible age-associated alterations of white matter integrity in adolescents and young adults with BD across the age range of 13-30 years. METHODS We divided the participants into two groups by age as follows: adolescent group involving individuals of 13-21 years old (39 patients with BD and 39 healthy controls) and young adult group involving individuals of 22-30 years old (47 patients with BD and 47 healthy controls). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed in all participants to assess white matter integrity. RESULTS In the adolescent group, compared to those of healthy controls, fractional anisotropy (FA) values were significantly lower in BD patients in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus, splenium of the corpus callosum and posterior thalamic radiation. In the young adult group, BD patients showed significantly decreased FA values in the bilateral uncinate fasciculus, genu of the corpus callosum, right anterior limb of internal capsule and fornix compared to healthy controls. White matter impairments changed from the posterior brain to the anterior brain representing a back-to-front spatiotemporal directionality in an age-related pattern. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide neuroimaging evidence supporting a back-to-front spatiotemporal directionality of the altered development of white matter integrity associated with age in BD patients during adolescence/young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihua Ren
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao Chang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyang Yin
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruiqi Feng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yange Wei
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia Duan
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengnan Wei
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Songbai Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Yang C, Li L, Hu X, Luo Q, Kuang W, Lui S, Huang X, Dai J, He M, Kemp GJ, Sweeney JA, Gong Q. Psychoradiologic abnormalities of white matter in patients with bipolar disorder: diffusion tensor imaging studies using tract-based spatial statistics. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019; 44:32-44. [PMID: 30565904 PMCID: PMC6306286 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.170221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of psychoradiology studies that use tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) of diffusion tensor imaging have reported abnormalities of white matter in patients with bipolar disorder; however, robust conclusions have proven elusive, especially considering some important clinical and demographic factors. In the present study, we performed a quantitative meta-analysis of TBSS studies to elucidate the most consistent white-matter abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder. METHODS We conducted a systematic search up to May 2017 for all TBSS studies comparing fractional anisotropy (FA) between patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls. We performed anisotropic effect size–signed differential mapping meta-analysis. RESULTS We identified a total of 22 data sets including 556 patients with bipolar disorder and 623 healthy controls. We found significant FA reductions in the genu and body of the corpus callosum in patients with bipolar disorder relative to healthy controls. No regions of increased FA were reported. In subgroup analyses, the FA reduction in the genu of the corpus callosum retained significance in patients with bipolar disorder type I, and the FA reduction in the body of the corpus callosum retained significance in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. Meta-regression analysis revealed that the percentage of female patients was negatively correlated with reduced FA in the body of the corpus callosum. LIMITATIONS Data acquisition, patient characteristics and clinical variables in the included studies were heterogeneous. The small number of diffusion tensor imaging studies using TBSS in patients with bipolar disorder type II, as well as the lack of other clinical information, hindered the application of subgroup meta-analyses. CONCLUSION Our study consistently identified decreased FA in the genu and body of the corpus callosum, suggesting that interhemispheric communication may be the connectivity most affected in patients with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Lei Li
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Xinyu Hu
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Qiang Luo
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Weihong Kuang
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Su Lui
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Xiaoqi Huang
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Jing Dai
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Manxi He
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Graham J. Kemp
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - John A Sweeney
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
| | - Qiyong Gong
- From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Yang, Li, Hu, Luo, Lui, Huang, Sweeney, Gong); the Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China (Kuang); the Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, China (Kuang, Dai, He); the Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom (Kemp); the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States (Sweeney); and the Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, China (Gong)
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Vai B, Bertocchi C, Benedetti F. Cortico-limbic connectivity as a possible biomarker for bipolar disorder: where are we now? Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:159-172. [PMID: 30599797 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1562338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fronto-limbic network has been suggested as a key circuitry in the pathophysiology and maintenance of bipolar disorder. In the past decade, a disrupted connectivity within prefrontal-limbic structures was identified as a promising candidate biomarker for the disorder. Areas Covered: In this review, the authors examine current literature in terms of the structural, functional and effective connectivity in bipolar disorder, integrating recent findings of imaging genetics and machine learning. This paper profiles the current knowledge and identifies future perspectives to provide reliable and usable neuroimaging biomarkers for bipolar psychopathology in clinical practice. Expert Opinion: The replication and the translation of acquired knowledge into useful and usable tools represents one of the current greatest challenges in biomarker research applied to psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Vai
- a Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology , Division of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele , Milano , Italy.,b University Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milano , Italy
| | - Carlotta Bertocchi
- a Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology , Division of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele , Milano , Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- a Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology , Division of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele , Milano , Italy.,b University Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milano , Italy
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29
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Kynurenine pathway and white matter microstructure in bipolar disorder. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 268:157-168. [PMID: 27619930 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-016-0731-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Decreased availability of serotonin in the central nervous system has been suggested to be a central factor in the pathogenesis of depression. Activation of indoleamine 2-3 dioxygenase following a pro-inflammatory state could reduce the amount of tryptophan converted to serotonin and increase the production of tryptophan catabolites such as kynurenic acid, an antagonist of ionotropic excitatory aminoacid receptors, whose levels are reduced in bipolar disorder. Abnormalities in white matter (WM) integrity have been widely reported in BD. We then hypothesized that metabolites involved in serotoninergic turnover in BD could influence DTI measures of WM microstructure. Peripheral levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxy-kynurenine, and 5-HIAA were analysed in 22 patients affected by BD and 15 healthy controls. WM microstructure was evaluated using diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics with threshold-free cluster enhancement only in bipolar patients. We observed that kynurenic acid and 5-HIAA were reduced in BD and associated with DTI measures of WM integrity in several association fibres: inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculus, cingulum bundle, corpus callosum, uncus, anterior thalamic radiation and corona radiata. Our results seem to suggest that higher levels of 5-HIAA, a measure of serotonin levels, and higher levels of kynurenic acid, which protects from glutamate excitotoxicity, could exert a protective effect on WM microstructure. Reduced levels of these metabolites in BD thus seem to confirm a crucial role of serotonin turnover in BD pathophysiology.
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30
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Czéh B, Nagy SA. Clinical Findings Documenting Cellular and Molecular Abnormalities of Glia in Depressive Disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29535607 PMCID: PMC5835102 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders are complex, multifactorial mental disorders with unknown neurobiology. Numerous theories aim to explain the pathophysiology. According to the “gliocentric theory”, glial abnormalities are responsible for the development of the disease. The aim of this review article is to summarize the rapidly growing number of cellular and molecular evidences indicating disturbed glial functioning in depressive disorders. We focus here exclusively on the clinical studies and present the in vivo neuroimaging findings together with the postmortem molecular and histopathological data. Postmortem studies demonstrate glial cell loss while the in vivo imaging data reveal disturbed glial functioning and altered white matter microstructure. Molecular studies report on altered gene expression of glial specific genes. In sum, the clinical findings provide ample evidences on glial pathology and demonstrate that all major glial cell types are affected. However, we still lack convincing theories explaining how the glial abnormalities develop and how exactly contribute to the emotional and cognitive disturbances. Abnormal astrocytic functioning may lead to disturbed metabolism affecting ion homeostasis and glutamate clearance, which in turn, affect synaptic communication. Abnormal oligodendrocyte functioning may disrupt the connectivity of neuronal networks, while microglial activation indicates neuroinflammatory processes. These cellular changes may relate to each other or they may indicate different endophenotypes. A theory has been put forward that the stress-induced inflammation—mediated by microglial activation—triggers a cascade of events leading to damaged astrocytes and oligodendroglia and consequently to their dysfunctions. The clinical data support the “gliocentric” theory, but future research should clarify whether these glial changes are truly the cause or simply the consequences of this devastating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boldizsár Czéh
- Neurobiology of Stress Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilvia A Nagy
- Neurobiology of Stress Research Group, Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pécs, Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,MTA-PTE, Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pécs, Hungary.,Pécs Diagnostic Centre, Pécs, Hungary
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31
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Investigation of superior longitudinal fasciculus fiber complexity in recent onset psychosis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 81:114-121. [PMID: 29111405 PMCID: PMC5816971 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard diffusion tensor imaging measures (e.g., fractional anisotropy; FA) are difficult to interpret in brain regions with crossing white-matter (WM) fibers. Diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) can be used to resolve fiber crossing, but has been difficult to implement in studies of patients with psychosis given long scan times. METHODS We used four fold accelerated compressed sensing to accelerate DSI acquisition to investigate the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in 27 (20M/7F) patients with recent onset psychosis and 23 (11M/12F) healthy volunteers. Dependent measures included the number of crossing fiber directions, multi directional anisotropy (MDA), which is a measure sensitive to the anisotropy of the underlying water diffusion in regions of crossing fibers, generalized FA (GFA) computed from the orientation distribution function, FA and tract volume. RESULTS Patients demonstrated a greater number of crossing WM fibers, lower MDA, GFA and FA in the left SLF compared to healthy volunteers. Patients also demonstrated a reversal in the normal (R>L) asymmetry of crossing fiber directions in the SLF and a lack of normal (L>R) asymmetry in MDA, GFA and FA compared to healthy volunteers. Lower GFA correlated significantly (p<0.05) with worse overall neuropsychological functioning; posthoc tests revealed significant effects with verbal functioning and processing speed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide the first in vivo evidence for abnormal crossing fibers within the SLF among individuals with psychosis and their functional correlates. A reversal in the normal pattern of WM asymmetry of crossing fibers in patients may be consistent with an aberrant neurodevelopmental process.
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Kafantaris V, Spritzer L, Doshi V, Saito E, Szeszko PR. Changes in white matter microstructure predict lithium response in adolescents with bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19:587-594. [PMID: 28992395 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether response to lithium treatment in pediatric bipolar disorder can be predicted by changes in white matter microstructure in key cortico-limbic tracts involved in emotion regulation. METHODS Eighteen clinically referred lithium-naive patients (mean age 15.5 years) were administered clinical rating scales and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) examinations at baseline and following 4 weeks of lithium treatment. Clinical ratings were repeated following 8 weeks of treatment. Patients with Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) ratings of 1 ("very much improved") or 2 ("much improved") were classified as responders. Ten healthy volunteers received baseline and follow-up DTI examinations. Using the ENIGMA pipeline, we investigated the relationship between changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) in the cingulum hippocampus (CGH) and clinical response to lithium. RESULTS Patients demonstrated significantly lower FA compared to healthy volunteers in the left and right CGH white matter at baseline. Following 4 weeks of lithium treatment, FA in the left CGH increased in patients, but no significant changes in FA were observed among the untreated healthy volunteers. Lithium responders had a significantly greater increase in FA compared to non-responders. Moreover, baseline (pre-treatment) FA in the left CGH white matter significantly predicted week 8 overall CGI severity score, with post hoc analyses indicating that these effects were evident for both severity of depression and mania. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that response to lithium treatment in pediatric bipolar disorder is associated with normalization of white matter microstructure in regions associated with emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Kafantaris
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.,Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience of The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research of Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Linda Spritzer
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience of The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research of Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Vishal Doshi
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Ema Saito
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA.,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Philip R Szeszko
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.,The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Emsell L, Adamson C, De Winter FL, Billiet T, Christiaens D, Bouckaert F, Adamczuk K, Vandenberghe R, Seal ML, Sienaert P, Sunaert S, Vandenbulcke M. Corpus callosum macro and microstructure in late-life depression. J Affect Disord 2017; 222:63-70. [PMID: 28672181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in corpus callosum (CC) morphology and microstructure have been implicated in late-life depression and may distinguish between late and early-onset forms of the illness. However, a multimodal approach using complementary imaging techniques is required to disentangle microstructural alterations from macrostructural partial volume effects. METHODS 107 older adults were assessed: 55 currently-depressed patients without dementia and 52 controls without cognitive impairment. We investigated group differences and clinical associations in 7 sub-regions of the mid-sagittal corpus callosum using T1 anatomical data, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) quantification and two different diffusion MRI (dMRI) models (multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution, yielding apparent fibre density, AFD; and diffusion tensor imaging, yielding fractional anisotropy, FA and radial diffusivity, RD). RESULTS Callosal AFD was lower in patients compared to controls. There were no group differences in CC thickness, surface area, FA, RD, nor whole brain or WMH volume. Late-onset of depression was associated with lower FA, higher RD and lower AFD. There were no associations between any imaging measures and psychotic features or depression severity as assessed by the geriatric depression scale. WMH volume was associated with lower FA and AFD, and higher RD in patients. LIMITATIONS Patients were predominantly treatment-resistant. Measurements were limited to the mid-sagittal CC. dMRI analysis was performed on a smaller cohort, n=77. AFD was derived from low b-value data. CONCLUSIONS Callosal structure is largely preserved in LLD. WMH burden may impact on CC microstructure in late-onset depression suggesting vascular pathology has additional deleterious effects in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Emsell
- Old Age Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Centre (UPC) - KU Leuven, Belgium; Translational MRI & Radiology, KU Leuven & University Hospital Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Christopher Adamson
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Thibo Billiet
- Translational MRI & Radiology, KU Leuven & University Hospital Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daan Christiaens
- Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), Processing of Speech and Images (PSI), Medical Image Computing, KU Leuven & Medical Imaging Research Center, University Hospital Leuven, Belgium; Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Kings College London, UK
| | - Filip Bouckaert
- Old Age Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Centre (UPC) - KU Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Academic Center for ECT and Neurostimulation (AcCENT), Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Katarzyna Adamczuk
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, KU Leuven & University Hospital Leuven, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, KU Leuven & University Hospital Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc L Seal
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pascal Sienaert
- KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Academic Center for ECT and Neurostimulation (AcCENT), Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Translational MRI & Radiology, KU Leuven & University Hospital Leuven, Belgium
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The effect of feature image on sensitivity of the statistical analysis in the pipeline of a tractography atlas-based analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12669. [PMID: 28978950 PMCID: PMC5627283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tractography atlas-based analysis (TABS) is a new diffusion tensor image (DTI) statistical analysis method for detecting and understanding voxel-wise white matter properties along a fiber tract. An important requisite for accurate and sensitive TABS is the availability of a deformation field that is able to register DTI in native space to standard space. Here, three different feature images including the fractional anisotropy (FA) image, T1 weighted image, and the maximum eigenvalue of the Hessian of the FA (hFA) image were used to calculate the deformation fields between individual space and population space. Our results showed that when the FA image was a feature image, the tensor template had the highest consistency with each subject for scalar and vector information. Additionally, to demonstrate the sensitivity and specificity of the TABS method with different feature images, we detected a gender difference along the corpus callosum. A significant difference between the male and female group in diffusion measurement appeared predominantly in the right corpus callosum only when FA was the feature image. Our results demonstrated that the FA image as a feature image was more accurate with respect to the underlying tensor information and had more accurate analysis results with the TABS method.
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35
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Mahapatra A, Khandelwal SK, Sharan P, Garg A, Mishra NK. Diffusion tensor imaging tractography study in bipolar disorder patients compared to first-degree relatives and healthy controls. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 71:706-715. [PMID: 28419638 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to compare white matter structural changes in specific tracts by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) I, non-ill first-degree relatives (FDR) of the patients, and healthy controls (HC). METHODS In a cross-sectional study, we studied right-handed subjects consisting of 16 euthymic BD I patients, 15 FDR, and 15 HC. The anterior thalamic radiation, uncinate fasciculus, corpus callosum, and cingulum bundle were reconstructed by DTI tractography. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared for group differences followed by post-hoc analysis. RESULTS The three groups did not differ in terms of sociodemographic variables. There were significant group differences in the FA values among the BD I patients, their FDR, and the HC for the corpus callosum, the dorsal part of the right cingulum bundle, the hippocampal part of the cingulum bundle bilaterally, and the uncinate fasciculus (P < 0.001). The FA values in the patients were significantly lower than in controls, and FDR also showed similar differences; however, they were smaller than those in patients. No significant difference was found between the groups for FA values of the dorsal part of the left cingulum bundle and anterior thalamic radiation. Significant differences were present for ADC values among the groups for the corpus callosum, the dorsal and hippocampal parts of the cingulum, anterior thalamic radiation, and uncinate fasciculus bilaterally (P < 0.01). The FA and ADC values did not correlate significantly with age or any clinical variables. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that BD patients and their FDR show alterations in microstructural integrity of white matter tracts, compared to the healthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Mahapatra
- Department of Psychiatry & National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir K Khandelwal
- Department of Psychiatry & National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratap Sharan
- Department of Psychiatry & National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Garg
- Department of Neuroradiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nalini K Mishra
- Department of Neuroradiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Alves GS, de Carvalho LDA, Sudo FK, Briand L, Laks J, Engelhardt E. A panel of clinical and neuropathological features of cerebrovascular disease through the novel neuroimaging methods. Dement Neuropsychol 2017; 11:343-355. [PMID: 29354214 PMCID: PMC5769992 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642016dn11-040003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The last decade has witnessed substantial progress in acquiring diagnostic biomarkers for the diagnostic workup of cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Advanced neuroimaging methods not only provide a strategic contribution for the differential diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD) and vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), but also help elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms ultimately leading to small vessel disease (SVD) throughout its course. OBJECTIVE In this review, the novel imaging methods, both structural and metabolic, were summarized and their impact on the diagnostic workup of age-related CVD was analysed. Methods: An electronic search between January 2010 and 2017 was carried out on PubMed/MEDLINE, Institute for Scientific Information Web of Knowledge and EMBASE. RESULTS The use of full functional multimodality in simultaneous Magnetic Resonance (MR)/Positron emission tomography (PET) may potentially improve the clinical characterization of VCI-VaD; for structural imaging, MRI at 3.0 T enables higher-resolution scanning with greater imaging matrices, thinner slices and more detail on the anatomical structure of vascular lesions. CONCLUSION Although the importance of most of these techniques in the clinical setting has yet to be recognized, there is great expectancy in achieving earlier and more refined therapeutic interventions for the effective management of VCI-VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Felipe Kenji Sudo
- Departamento de Psicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto D'Or de Ensino e Pesquisa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucas Briand
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Ceará, CE, Brazil
| | - Jerson Laks
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biomedicina Translacional (BIOTRANS), Unigranrio, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliasz Engelhardt
- Setor de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Instituto de Neurologia Deolindo Couto (INDC-CDA/IPUB), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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37
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Altered interhemispheric functional connectivity in remitted bipolar disorder: A Resting State fMRI Study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4698. [PMID: 28680123 PMCID: PMC5498592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in structural and functional brain connectivity have been increasingly reported in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). However, alterations of remitted BD (RBD) in functional connectivity between the cerebral hemispheres are still not well understood. This study was designed to analyze the pattern of the interhemispheric functional connectivity of the whole brain in patients with remitted BD during resting state. Twenty patients with RBD and 38 healthy controls (HC) underwent the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The functional connectivity between any pair of symmetrical interhemispheric voxels (i.e., functional homotopy) was measured by voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). The patients with RBD showed lower VMHC than HC in the middle frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus. No regions of increased VMHC were detected in the RBD patients. There were no significant correlations between the VMHC values in these regions and the clinical variables. These findings suggest substantial impairment of interhemispheric coordination in RBD and they may represent trait, rather than state, neurobiological feature of brain function in BD.
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38
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O'Donoghue S, Kilmartin L, O'Hora D, Emsell L, Langan C, McInerney S, Forde NJ, Leemans A, Jeurissen B, Barker GJ, McCarthy P, Cannon DM, McDonald C. Anatomical integration and rich-club connectivity in euthymic bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2017; 47:1609-1623. [PMID: 28573962 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although repeatedly associated with white matter microstructural alterations, bipolar disorder (BD) has been relatively unexplored using complex network analysis. This method combines structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to model the brain as a network and evaluate its topological properties. A group of highly interconnected high-density structures, termed the 'rich-club', represents an important network for integration of brain functioning. This study aimed to assess structural and rich-club connectivity properties in BD through graph theory analyses. METHOD We obtained structural and diffusion MRI scans from 42 euthymic patients with BD type I and 43 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. Weighted fractional anisotropy connections mapped between cortical and subcortical structures defined the neuroanatomical networks. Next, we examined between-group differences in features of graph properties and sub-networks. RESULTS Patients exhibited significantly reduced clustering coefficient and global efficiency, compared with controls globally and regionally in frontal and occipital regions. Additionally, patients displayed weaker sub-network connectivity in distributed regions. Rich-club analysis revealed subtly reduced density in patients, which did not withstand multiple comparison correction. However, hub identification in most participants indicated differentially affected rich-club membership in the BD group, with two hubs absent when compared with controls, namely the superior frontal gyrus and thalamus. CONCLUSIONS This graph theory analysis presents a thorough investigation of topological features of connectivity in euthymic BD. Abnormalities of global and local measures and network components provide further neuroanatomically specific evidence for distributed dysconnectivity as a trait feature of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Donoghue
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway,Galway,Republic of Ireland
| | - L Kilmartin
- College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway,Galway,Republic of Ireland
| | - D O'Hora
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway,Galway,Republic of Ireland
| | - L Emsell
- Translational MRI, Department of Imaging & Pathology,KU Leuven & Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven,Leuven,Belgium
| | - C Langan
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway,Galway,Republic of Ireland
| | - S McInerney
- Department of Psychiatry,St Michael's Hospital,Toronto,Ontario,Canada
| | - N J Forde
- Department of Psychiatry,University Medical Centre Groningen,Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - A Leemans
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht,Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - B Jeurissen
- Vision Lab,University of Antwerp,Antwerp,Belgium
| | - G J Barker
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience,London,UK
| | - P McCarthy
- Radiology, University Hospital Galway,Galway,Republic of Ireland
| | - D M Cannon
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway,Galway,Republic of Ireland
| | - C McDonald
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway,Galway,Republic of Ireland
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39
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Squarcina L, Bellani M, Rossetti MG, Perlini C, Delvecchio G, Dusi N, Barillari M, Ruggeri M, Altamura CA, Bertoldo A, Brambilla P. Similar white matter changes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A tract-based spatial statistics study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178089. [PMID: 28658249 PMCID: PMC5489157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several strands of evidence reported a significant overlapping, in terms of clinical symptoms, epidemiology and treatment response, between the two major psychotic disorders—Schizophrenia (SCZ) and Bipolar Disorder (BD). Nevertheless, the shared neurobiological correlates of these two disorders are far from conclusive. This study aims toward a better understanding of possible common microstructural brain alterations in SCZ and BD. Magnetic Resonance Diffusion data of 33 patients with BD, 19 with SCZ and 35 healthy controls were acquired. Diffusion indexes were calculated, then analyzed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). We tested correlations with clinical and psychological variables. In both patient groups mean diffusion (MD), volume ratio (VR) and radial diffusivity (RD) showed a significant increase, while fractional anisotropy (FA) and mode (MO) decreased compared to the healthy group. Changes in diffusion were located, for both diseases, in the fronto-temporal and callosal networks. Finally, no significant differences were identified between patient groups, and a significant correlations between length of disease and FA and VR within the corpus callosum, corona radiata and thalamic radiation were observed in bipolar disorder. To our knowledge, this is the first study applying TBSS on all the DTI indexes at the same time in both patient groups showing that they share similar impairments in microstructural connectivity, with particular regards to fronto-temporal and callosal communication, which are likely to worsen over time. Such features may represent neural common underpinnings characterizing major psychoses and confirm the central role of white matter pathology in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Dusi
- Section of Psychiatry, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Barillari
- Department of Radiology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Carlo A. Altamura
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bertoldo
- Department of Information Engineering (DEI), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UTHouston Medical School, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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Liu J, Liu H, Mu J, Xu Q, Chen T, Dun W, Yang J, Tian J, Hu L, Zhang M. Altered white matter microarchitecture in the cingulum bundle in women with primary dysmenorrhea: A tract-based analysis study. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:4430-4443. [PMID: 28590514 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), as characterized by painful menstrual cramps without organic causes, is associated with central sensitization and brain function changes. Previous studies showed the integrated role of the default mode network (DMN) in the pain connectome and its key contribution on how an individual perceives and copes with pain disorders. Here, we aimed to investigate whether the cingulum bundle connecting hub regions of the DMN was disrupted in young women with PD. Diffusion tensor imaging was obtained in 41 PD patients and 41 matched healthy controls (HC) during their periovulatory phase. The production of prostaglandins (PGs) was obtained in PD patients during their pain-free and pain phases. As compared with HC, PD patients had similar scores of pain intensity, anxiety, and depression in their pain-free phase. However, altered white matter properties mainly located in the posterior section of the cingulum bundle were observed in PD. Besides PGs being related to menstrual pain, a close relationship was found between the white matter properties of the cingulum bundle during the pain-free phase and the severity of the menstrual pain in PD patients. Our study suggested that PD had trait changes of white matter integrities in the cingulum bundle that persisted beyond the time of menstruation. We inferred that altered anatomical connections may lead to less-flexible communication within the DMN, and/or between the DMN and other pain-related brain networks, which may result in the central susceptibility to develop chronic pain conditions in PD's later life. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4430-4443, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Liu
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Junya Mu
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Tao Chen
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Wanghuan Dun
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jie Tian
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710126, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Li Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Peoples Republic of China
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Lischke A, Domin M, Freyberger HJ, Grabe HJ, Mentel R, Bernheim D, Lotze M. Structural Alterations in the Corpus Callosum Are Associated with Suicidal Behavior in Women with Borderline Personality Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:196. [PMID: 28484382 PMCID: PMC5401902 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural alterations in the corpus callosum (CC), the major white matter tract connecting functionally related brain regions in the two hemispheres, have been shown to be associated with emotional instability, impulsivity and suicidality in various mental disorders. To explore whether structural alterations of the CC would be similarly associated with emotional instability, impulsivity and suicidality in borderline personality disorder (BPD), we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess the structural integrity of the CC in 21 BPD and 20 healthy control (HC) participants. Our hypothesis-driven analyses revealed a positive correlation between BPD participants’ suicidal behavior and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the splenium and genu of the CC and a negative correlation between BPD participants’ suicidal behavior and mean diffusivity (MD) in the splenium of CC. Our exploratory analyses suggested that suicidal BPD participants showed less FA and more MD in these regions than HC participants but that non-suicidal BPD participants showed similar FA and MD in these regions as HC participants. Taken together, our findings suggest an association between BPD participants’ suicidal behavior and structural alterations in regions of the CC that are connected with brain regions implicated in emotion regulation and impulse control. Structural alterations of the CC may, thus, account for deficits in emotion regulation and impulse control that lead to suicidal behavior in BPD. However, these findings should be considered as preliminary until replicated and extended in future studies that comprise larger samples of suicidal and non-suicidal BPD participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lischke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany.,Functional Imaging Unit, Center for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Domin
- Functional Imaging Unit, Center for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany
| | - Harald J Freyberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany.,Helios HospitalStralsund, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany
| | - Renate Mentel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany
| | - Dorothee Bernheim
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of UlmUlm, Germany
| | - Martin Lotze
- Functional Imaging Unit, Center for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of GreifswaldGreifswald, Germany
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42
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O'Donoghue S, Holleran L, Cannon DM, McDonald C. Anatomical dysconnectivity in bipolar disorder compared with schizophrenia: A selective review of structural network analyses using diffusion MRI. J Affect Disord 2017; 209:217-228. [PMID: 27930915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dysconnectivity hypothesis suggests that psychotic illnesses arise not from regionally specific focal pathophysiology, but rather from impaired neuroanatomical integration across networks of brain regions. Decreased white matter organization has been hypothesized to be a feature of psychotic illnesses in general, which is supported by meta-analyses of DTI studies in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Although many diffusion MRI studies investigate bipolar disorder and schizophrenia alone, relatively few studies directly compare structural features in these psychotic illnesses. Recently, the application of graph theory analyses to DTI data has supported the dysconnectivity hypothesis in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, employing topological properties to assess neuroanatomical dysconnectivity. METHODS This selective review evaluates white matter alterations using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, with a focus upon direct comparison DTI studies in both psychotic illnesses. We then expand in more detail on the development of network analyses and the application of these techniques in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. RESULTS Converging evidence indicates that frontal connectivity alterations are common to both disorders, with prominent fronto-temporal deficits identified in schizophrenia and inter-hemispheric and limbic alterations reported in bipolar disorder. LIMITATIONS In bipolar disorder, most connectome reports use cortical maps alone, which given the importance of the limbic system in emotional regulation may limit the scope of network approaches in mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS Further direct connectivity comparisons between these psychotic illnesses may assist in unravelling the neuroanatomical deviations underpinning the overlapping features of psychosis and cognitive impairment, and the more diagnostically distinctive features of affective disturbance in bipolar disorder and deficit syndrome in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani O'Donoghue
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Laurena Holleran
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dara M Cannon
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Colm McDonald
- The Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG) and NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Sun ZY, Houenou J, Duclap D, Sarrazin S, Linke J, Daban C, Hamdani N, d’Albis MA, Le Corvoisier P, Guevara P, Delavest M, Bellivier F, Almeida J, Versace A, Poupon C, Leboyer M, Phillips M, Wessa M, Mangin JF, Mangin JF. Shape analysis of the cingulum, uncinate and arcuate fasciculi in patients with bipolar disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2017; 42:27-36. [PMID: 28234596 PMCID: PMC5373709 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.150291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal maturation of brain connectivity is supposed to underlie the dysfunctional emotion regulation in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). To test this hypothesis, white matter integrity is usually investigated using measures of water diffusivity provided by MRI. Here we consider a more intuitive aspect of the morphometry of the white matter tracts: the shape of the fibre bundles, which is associated with neurodevelopment. We analyzed the shape of 3 tracts involved in BD: the cingulum (CG), uncinate fasciculus (UF) and arcuate fasciculus (AF). METHODS We analyzed diffusion MRI data in patients with BD and healthy controls. The fibre bundles were reconstructed using Q-ball-based tractography and automated segmentation. Using Isomap, a manifold learning method, the differences in the shape of the reconstructed bundles were visualized and quantified. RESULTS We included 112 patients and 82 controls in our analysis. We found the left AF of patients to be further extended toward the temporal pole, forming a tighter hook than in controls. We found no significant difference in terms of shape for the left UF, the left CG or the 3 right fasciculi. However, in patients compared with controls, the ventrolateral branch of the left UF in the orbitofrontal region had a tendency to be larger, and the left CG of patients had a tendency to be smaller in the frontal lobe and larger in the parietal lobe. LIMITATIONS This was a cross-sectional study. CONCLUSION Our results suggest neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the left AF in patients with BD. The statistical tendencies observed for the left UF and left CG deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josselin Houenou
- Correspondence to: J. Houenou, INSERM U955, IMRB, Equipe 15, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, 40 rue de Mesly, 94000 Créteil, France;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean-François Mangin
- From the UNATI, Neurospin, I2BM, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (Sun, Mangin); the UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin, I2BM, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (Houenou, Sarrazin); INSERM, U955, IMRB, Equipe 15 Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil F-94000, France (Houenou, Sarrazin, Hamdani, d'Albis, Leboyer); the Fondation Fondamental, Créteil F-94010, France (Houenou, Sarrazin, Hamdani, d'Albis, Delavest, Bellivier, Leboyer); the AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie, DHU PePsy, Université Paris Est, Créteil F-94000, France (Sarrazin, Daban, Hamdani, d'Albis, Leboyer); the UNIRS, Neurospin, I2BM, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France (Duclap, Poupon); the Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany (Linke, Wessa); INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1430 and APHP, GH Henri Mondor, Créteil F-94000, France (Le Corvoisier); the University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile (Guevara); the AP-HP, Groupe Saint-Louis, Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Pôle Neurosciences, Paris, France (Delavest, Bellivier); the Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medecine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (Almeida, Versace, Phillips); the Faculté de médecine, Universite Paris Est, Créteil, France (Leboyer); and the CATI Multicenter Neuroimaging Platform, France (Sun, Poupon, Mangin)
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44
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Cyprien F, de Champfleur NM, Deverdun J, Olié E, Le Bars E, Bonafé A, Mura T, Jollant F, Courtet P, Artero S. Corpus callosum integrity is affected by mood disorders and also by the suicide attempt history: A diffusion tensor imaging study. J Affect Disord 2016; 206:115-124. [PMID: 27472413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some MRI studies have noted alterations in the corpus callosum (CC) white matter integrity of individuals with mood disorders and also in patients with suicidal behavior. We investigated the specific impact of suicidal behavior on CC integrity in mood disorders. METHODS CC structural changes were assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in 121 women 18-50-year-old): 41 with bipolar disorder (BD), 50 with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 30 healthy controls (HC). Fractional anisotropy (FA) and DTI metrics were calculated for the genu, body and splenium of CC and compared in the three groups by MANCOVA. Then, they were re-analyzed relative to the suicide attempt history within the MDD and BD groups and to the suicide number/severity. RESULTS FA values for the CC genu and body were lower in non-suicide attempters with BD than with MDD and in HC. Conversely, FA values for all CC regions were significantly lower in suicide attempters with BD than in HC. Finally, higher number of suicide attempts (>2) and elevated Suicidal Intent Scale score were associated with significant splenium alterations. LIMITATIONS Limitations include the cross-sectional design (non-causal study), the potential influence of medications and concerns about the generalizability to men. CONCLUSION Genu and body are altered in non-suicide attempters with BD, while splenium is specifically altered in suicide attempters, independently from their psychiatric status. History of suicide attempts may be a source of heterogeneity in the association between CC alterations and BD and may partially explain the variable results of previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Cyprien
- Inserm, U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier F-34093, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier F-34000, France; CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier F-34093, France
| | | | - Jérémy Deverdun
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier F-34000, France; CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier F-34093, France; CNRS, UMR 5221, Montpellier F-34093, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Inserm, U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier F-34093, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier F-34000, France; CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier F-34093, France
| | | | - Alain Bonafé
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier F-34000, France; CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier F-34093, France
| | - Thibault Mura
- Inserm, U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier F-34093, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier F-34000, France; CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier F-34093, France; CIC 1001, Montpellier F-34000, France
| | - Fabrice Jollant
- McGill University, Department of Psychiatry, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Inserm, U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier F-34093, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier F-34000, France; CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier F-34093, France; Fondamental Foundation, France.
| | - Sylvaine Artero
- Inserm, U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier F-34093, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier F-34000, France.
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Yasuno F, Kudo T, Matsuoka K, Yamamoto A, Takahashi M, Nakagawara J, Nagatsuka K, Iida H, Kishimoto T. Interhemispheric functional disconnection because of abnormal corpus callosum integrity in bipolar disorder type II. BJPsych Open 2016; 2:335-340. [PMID: 27847590 PMCID: PMC5100603 DOI: 10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) value has been shown in anterior parts of the corpus callosum in patients with bipolar disorder. AIMS We investigated the association between abnormal corpus callosum integrity and interhemispheric functional connectivity (IFC) in patients with bipolar disorder. METHODS We examined the association between FA values in the corpus callosum (CC-FA) and the IFC between homotopic regions in the anterior cortical structures of bipolar disorder (n=16) and major depressive disorder (n=22) patients with depressed or euthymic states. RESULTS We found a positive correlation between the CC-FA and IFC values between homotopic regions of the ventral prefrontal cortex and insula cortex, and significantly lower IFC between these regions in bipolar disorder patients. CONCLUSIONS The abnormal corpus callosum integrity in bipolar disorder patients is relevant to the IFC between homotopic regions, possibly disturbing the exchange of emotional information between the cerebral hemispheres resulting in emotional dysregulation. DECLARATION OF INTEREST None. COPYRIGHT AND USAGE © The Royal College of Psychiatrists 2016. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Yasuno
- , MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan; Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- , MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Health Care Center, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Matsuoka
- , MD, Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Akihide Yamamoto
- , MS, Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Masato Takahashi
- , MD, Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Jyoji Nakagawara
- , MD, PhD, Integrative Stroke Imaging Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Hidehiro Iida
- , PhD, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- , MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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Martino M, Magioncalda P, Saiote C, Conio B, Escelsior A, Rocchi G, Piaggio N, Marozzi V, Huang Z, Ferri F, Amore M, Inglese M, Northoff G. Abnormal functional-structural cingulum connectivity in mania: combined functional magnetic resonance imaging-diffusion tensor imaging investigation in different phases of bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:339-49. [PMID: 27273612 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) in the cingulum in bipolar disorder (BD) and its various phases. METHOD We combined resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and probabilistic tractographic diffusion tensor imaging to investigate FC and SC of the cingulum and its portions, the SC-FC relationship, and their correlations with clinical and neurocognitive measures on sustained attention in manic (n = 21), depressed (n = 20), and euthymic (n = 20) bipolar patients and healthy controls (HC) (n = 42). RESULTS First, we found decreased FC between the anterior and posterior parts of the cingulum in manic patients when compared to depressed patients and HC. Second, we observed decreased SC of the cingulum bundle, particularly in its anterior part, in manic patients when compared to HC. Finally, alterations in the cingulum FC (but not SC) correlated with clinical severity scores while changes in the cingulum SC (but not FC) were related with neurocognitive deficits in sustained attention in BD. CONCLUSION We demonstrate for the first time a reduction in FC and concomitantly in SC of the cingulum in mania, which correlated with psychopathological and neurocognitive parameters, respectively, in BD. This supports the central role of cingulum connectivity specifically in mania.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martino
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - P Magioncalda
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - C Saiote
- Department of Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Conio
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Escelsior
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Rocchi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - N Piaggio
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - V Marozzi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Z Huang
- Mind, Brain Imaging, and Neuroethics, Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - F Ferri
- Mind, Brain Imaging, and Neuroethics, Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - M Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Inglese
- Department of Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Magnetic Resonance Research Center on Nervous System Diseases, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Section of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Northoff
- Mind, Brain Imaging, and Neuroethics, Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Centre for Neural Dynamics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Graduate Institute of Humanities in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Brain and Consciousness Research Center, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,National Chengchi University, Research Center for Mind, Brain and Learning, Taipei, Taiwan.,Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders (CCBD), Normal University Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China.,ITAB, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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47
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The role of white matter in personality traits and affective processing in bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 80:64-72. [PMID: 27302871 PMCID: PMC7083163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by affective processing bias and variations in personality traits. It is still unknown whether these features are linked to the same structural brain alterations. The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between specific personality traits, white matter (WM) properties, and affective processing in BD and HC. METHODS 24 healthy controls (HC) and 38 adults with BDI (HC: 29.47 ± 2.23 years, 15 females; BDI: 32.44 ± 1.84 years, 20 females) completed clinical scales and the Big Five Inventory. They were also administered the Affective Go/No-Go (AGN) and the Rapid Visual Processing (RVP) tasks of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) assessed the microstructure of WM tracts. RESULTS In BDI measures of WM properties were reduced across all major brain white matter tracts. As expected, individuals with BDI reported greater neuroticism, lower agreeableness and conscientiousness, and made a greater number of errors in response to affective stimuli in the AGN task compared to HC. High neuroticism scores were associated with faster AGN latency, and overall reduced AGN accuracy in both HC and BDI. Elevated FA values were associated with reduced neuroticism and increased cognitive processing in HC but not in BDI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed important potential links between personality, affective processing and WM integrity in BD. In the future therapeutic interventions for BD using brain stimulation protocols might benefit from the use of DTI to target pathways underlying abnormal affective processing.
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Knöchel C, Schmied C, Linden DEJ, Stäblein M, Prvulovic D, de A de Carvalho L, Harrison O, Barros PO, Carvalho AF, Reif A, Alves GS, Oertel-Knöchel V. White matter abnormalities in the fornix are linked to cognitive performance in SZ but not in BD disorder: An exploratory analysis with DTI deterministic tractography. J Affect Disord 2016; 201:64-78. [PMID: 27177298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In psychosis, white matter (WM) microstructural changes have been detected previously; however, direct comparisons of findings between bipolar (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) patients are scarce. In this study, we employed deterministic tractography to reconstruct WM tracts in BD and SZ patients. METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data was carried out with n=32 euthymic BD type I patients, n=26 SZ patients and 30 matched healthy controls. Deterministic tractography using multiple indices of diffusion (fractional anisotropy (FA), tract volume (Vol), tract length (Le) and number of tracts (NofT)) were obtained from the fornix, the cingulum, the anterior thalamic radiation, and the corpus callosum bilaterally. RESULTS We showed widespread WM microstructural changes in SZ, and changes in the corpus callosum, the left cingulum and the fornix in BD. Fornix fiber tracking scores were associated with cognitive performance in SZ, and with age and age at disease onset in the BD patient group. LIMITATIONS Although the influence of psychopharmacological drugs as biasing variables on morphological alterations has been discussed for SZ and BD, we did not observe a clear influence of drug exposure on our findings. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm the assumption that SZ patients have more severe WM changes than BD patients. The findings also suggest a major role of WM changes in the fornix as important fronto-limbic connections in the etiology of cognitive symptoms in SZ, but not in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Knöchel
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Claudia Schmied
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David E J Linden
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Stäblein
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David Prvulovic
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Luiza de A de Carvalho
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Octavia Harrison
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Paulo O Barros
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - André F Carvalho
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Andreas Reif
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Gilberto S Alves
- Translational Psychiatry Research Group and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Viola Oertel-Knöchel
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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O'Hanlon E, Howley S, Prasad S, McGrath J, Leemans A, McDonald C, Garavan H, Murphy KC. Multimodal MRI reveals structural connectivity differences in 22q11 deletion syndrome related to impaired spatial working memory. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:4689-4705. [PMID: 27511297 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impaired spatial working memory is a core cognitive deficit observed in people with 22q11 Deletion syndrome (22q11DS) and has been suggested as a candidate endophenotype for schizophrenia. However, to date, the neuroanatomical mechanisms describing its structural and functional underpinnings in 22q11DS remain unclear. We quantitatively investigate the cognitive processes and associated neuroanatomy of spatial working memory in people with 22q11DS compared to matched controls. We examine whether there are significant between-group differences in spatial working memory using task related fMRI, Voxel based morphometry and white matter fiber tractography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging employing functional, diffusion and volumetric techniques were used to quantitatively assess the cognitive and neuroanatomical features of spatial working memory processes in 22q11DS. Twenty-six participants with genetically confirmed 22q11DS aged between 9 and 52 years and 26 controls aged between 8 and 46 years, matched for age, gender, and handedness were recruited. RESULTS People with 22q11DS have significant differences in spatial working memory functioning accompanied by a gray matter volume reduction in the right precuneus. Gray matter volume was significantly correlated with task performance scores in these areas. Tractography revealed extensive differences along fibers between task-related cortical activations with pronounced differences localized to interhemispheric commissural fibers within the parietal section of the corpus callosum. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal spatial working memory in 22q11DS is associated with aberrant functional activity in conjunction with gray and white matter structural abnormalities. These anomalies in discrete brain regions may increase susceptibility to the development of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4689-4705, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik O'Hanlon
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.,School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sarah Howley
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sarah Prasad
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jane McGrath
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alexander Leemans
- Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Colm McDonald
- Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hugh Garavan
- School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Vermont, USA
| | - Kieran C Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Educational and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
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50
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Shao L, Golbaz K, Honer WG, Beasley CL. Deficits in axon-associated proteins in prefrontal white matter in bipolar disorder but not schizophrenia. Bipolar Disord 2016; 18:342-51. [PMID: 27218831 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brain imaging studies have implicated white matter dysfunction in the pathophysiology of both bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the contribution of axons to white matter pathology in these disorders is not yet understood. Maintenance of neuronal function is dependent on the active transport of biological material, including synaptic proteins, along the axon. In this study, the expression of six proteins associated with axonal transport of synaptic cargoes was quantified in postmortem samples of prefrontal white matter in subjects with BD, those with SCZ, and matched controls, as a measure of axonal dysfunction in these disorders. METHODS Levels of the microtubule-associated proteins β-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 6 (MAP6), the motor and accessory proteins kinesin-1 and disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), and the synaptic cargoes synaptotagmin and synaptosomal-associated protein-25 (SNAP-25) were quantified in white matter adjacent to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in subjects with BD (n = 34), subjects with SCZ (n = 35), and non-psychiatric controls (n = 35) using immunoblotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Protein expression of β-tubulin, kinesin-1, DISC1, synaptotagmin, and SNAP-25 was significantly lower in subjects with BD compared to controls. Levels of axon-associated proteins were also lower in subjects with SCZ, but failed to reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS These data provide evidence for deficits in axon-associated proteins in prefrontal white matter in BD. Findings are suggestive of decreased axonal density or dysregulation of axonal function in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Shao
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Khashayar Golbaz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William G Honer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Clare L Beasley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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