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Terry EL, Meng L, Huo Z, Bartley EJ. Examining Reactivity and Recovery Patterns of Pain-Evoked Cortisol and Alpha-Amylase Trajectories: Relations Between Psychological Markers of Risk and Resilience. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:104464. [PMID: 38246254 PMCID: PMC11128348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is one of the leading causes of disability globally and represents an enormous burden to aging adults. While numerous factors contribute to cLBP, dysregulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system functioning have been implicated in its pathogenesis. It is well documented that negative psychological states can modulate biological stress responsivity in chronic pain; however, little is known regarding the influence of positive psychological factors in this relationship. The aim of this study was to examine the association between psychological risk and resilience factors with patterns of physiological stress reactivity and recovery in 60 older adults with cLBP. Participants completed measures of hope, optimism, pain catastrophizing, and perceived stress, and underwent psychophysical pain testing assessing responses to painful pressure, heat, and cold stimuli. Salivary samples were obtained prior to pain induction and at 7 time points spanning 90 minutes after pain testing terminated. To examine reactivity and recovery profiles in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system function, samples were assayed for cortisol and alpha-amylase, respectively. Results revealed higher levels of hope and optimism were associated with increased cortisol reactivity (p's < .003) and more rapid recovery (p's = .001). Further, pain catastrophizing and perceived stress were associated with cortisol reactivity, with lower levels of these factors predicting larger increases in cortisol from baseline to peak levels (p's < .04). No significant differences in reactivity or recovery patterns emerged for alpha-amylase. Overall, findings highlight the role of psychological risk and resilience factors in modulating physiological stress reactivity. PERSPECTIVE: This article investigated whether psychosocial risk and resilience factors were associated with stress reactivity and recovery in response to laboratory-based pain testing in older adults with chronic low back pain. Results indicate that high resilience factors may be protective by modulating adrenocortical reactivity and recovery profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen L. Terry
- University of Florida, Biobehavioral Nursing Science
- University of Florida, Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence (PRICE)
| | | | - Zhiguang Huo
- University of Florida, Department of Biostatistics
| | - Emily J. Bartley
- University of Florida, Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence (PRICE)
- University of Florida, Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science
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Sarmet M, Takehara S, de Campos PS, Kagiyama K, Borges LS, Kumei Y, Zeredo JLL. Salivary alpha-amylase stress reactivity in advanced-aged marmosets (Callithrix jacchus): Impacts of cognitive function and oral health status. Am J Primatol 2024; 86:e23596. [PMID: 38192065 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is an enzyme found in saliva and is considered a noninvasive biomarker for sympathetic nervous system activity. While a wide range of sAA activity in response to stress has been reported in nonhuman primates, the effects of stress on sAA activity in common marmosets are still unknown. We tested the hypothesis that advanced age and cognitive function may have an impact on stress-related sAA reactivity in marmosets. Thirteen marmosets (nine males and five females) had saliva samples collected during a stressful condition (manual restraint stress) at two different time points, with a 60-min interval. On the next day, the animals underwent the object recognition test (ORT, a type of cognitive test), and then oral examinations. The animals were categorized into two age groups: old (10-13 years), and very old (15-22 years). Irrespective of age, sAA levels showed a significant difference between T1 (mean 2.07 ± 0.86 U/mL) and T2 samples (mean 1.03 ± 0.67 U/mL), with higher values observed at T1 (p < 0.001). The intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) for low and high sAA concentrations were 10.79% and 8.17%, respectively, while the interassay CVs for low and high sAA concentrations were 6.39% and 4.38%, respectively. Oral health issues were common but did not significantly impact sAA levels. The ORT indicated that the animals could recognize an object placed in the cage 6 h after familiarization. In conclusion, all marmosets showed a higher sAA concentration in the first saliva sample as compared to the second saliva sample collected 1 h later, indicating adaptation to stress. No significant differences in sAA levels were observed between sexes, ORT performance, or oral health. Our results indicate that autonomic responsivity and cognitive (memory) functions were preserved even in very old marmosets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Sarmet
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Sachiko Takehara
- Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Priscila S de Campos
- Breathing Research and Therapeutics Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Luana S Borges
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Yasuhiro Kumei
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jorge L L Zeredo
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Yoo HJ, Nashiro K, Dutt S, Min J, Cho C, Thayer JF, Lehrer P, Chang C, Mather M. Daily biofeedback to modulate heart rate oscillations affects structural volume in hippocampal subregions targeted by the locus coeruleus in older adults but not younger adults. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 132:85-99. [PMID: 37769491 PMCID: PMC10840698 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Using data from a clinical trial, we tested the hypothesis that daily sessions modulating heart rate oscillations affect older adults' volume of a region-of-interest (ROI) comprised of adjacent hippocampal subregions with relatively strong locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic input. Younger and older adults were randomly assigned to one of two daily biofeedback practices for 5 weeks: (1) engage in slow-paced breathing to increase the amplitude of oscillations in heart rate at their breathing frequency (Osc+); (2) engage in self-selected strategies to decrease heart rate oscillations (Osc-). The interventions did not significantly affect younger adults' hippocampal volume. Among older adults, the two conditions affected volume in the LC-targeted hippocampal ROI differentially as reflected in a significant condition × time-point interaction on ROI volume. These condition differences were driven by opposing changes in the two conditions (increased volume in Osc+ and decreased volume in Osc-) and were mediated by the degree of heart rate oscillation during training sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Yoo
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Kaoru Nashiro
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Shubir Dutt
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jungwon Min
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Christine Cho
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | | | - Paul Lehrer
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08852, USA
| | - Catie Chang
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Mara Mather
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Yoo HJ, Nashiro K, Dutt S, Min J, Cho C, Thayer JF, Lehrer P, Chang C, Mather M. Daily biofeedback to modulate heart rate oscillations affects structural volume in hippocampal subregions targeted by the locus coeruleus in older adults but not younger adults. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.03.02.23286715. [PMID: 37745356 PMCID: PMC10516053 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.02.23286715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Using data from a clinical trial, we tested the hypothesis that daily sessions modulating heart rate oscillations affect older adults' volume of a region-of-interest (ROI) comprised of adjacent hippocampal subregions with relatively strong locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic input. Younger and older adults were randomly assigned to one of two daily biofeedback practices for 5 weeks: 1) engage in slow-paced breathing to increase the amplitude of oscillations in heart rate at their breathing frequency (Osc+); 2) engage in self-selected strategies to decrease heart rate oscillations (Osc-). The interventions did not significantly affect younger adults' hippocampal volume. Among older adults, the two conditions affected volume in the LC-targeted hippocampal ROI differentially as reflected in a significant condition x time-point interaction on ROI volume. These condition differences were driven by opposing changes in the two conditions (increased volume in Osc+ and decreased volume in Osc-) and were mediated by the degree of heart rate oscillation during training sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Yoo
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Kaoru Nashiro
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Shubir Dutt
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Jungwon Min
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Christine Cho
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | | | | | | | - Mara Mather
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
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Mithen LM, Weaver N, Walker FR, Inder KJ. Feasibility of biomarkers to measure stress, burnout and fatigue in emergency nurses: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072668. [PMID: 37643845 PMCID: PMC10465916 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retaining nurses in the workforce is an urgent concern in healthcare. Emergency nurses report high levels of stress and burnout, however, there is no gold standard of how to measure these responses. This study aims to measure stress, burnout, and fatigue in emergency nurses using biomarkers and psychometric instruments. Biomarkers will be used to better understand nurses' levels of stress and burnout and to assess the feasibility of using biomarkers as a viable stress measurement tool in a real-world setting. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A two stage cross-sectional design to measure stress, burnout and fatigue in emergency nurses while they work is proposed. All registered and enrolled nurses working in the emergency department from four hospitals in Australia will be invited to participate. Validated psychometric tools will be used in stage 1 to measure depression, anxiety, acute stress, chronic stress, burnout and fatigue. Biomarkers comprising hair cortisol, saliva alpha amylase and heart rate variability will be collected as an objective measure of stress and burnout in stage 2 over one working shift per participant. Written consent will be sought for stage 2 where nurses will provide one hair sample, wear a heart rate sensor and be asked to collect their saliva at three different time points of one shift. Data analysis will measure the domains of acute stress, chronic stress and burnout and explore relationships and correlation between psychometric measures and biomarkers. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Hunter New England Local Health District (approval number: HREC/2020/ETH01684) and University of Newcastle HREC (H-2022-0169). Results will be reported in peer-reviewed publications using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Public dissemination will occur by presenting at conferences and to the participating local health district.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda M Mithen
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha Weaver
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frederick R Walker
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Training Systems, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kerry J Inder
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, HMRI, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
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Sommer A, Fischer R, Borges U, Laborde S, Achtzehn S, Liepelt R. The effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on cognitive control in multitasking. Neuropsychologia 2023; 187:108614. [PMID: 37295553 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Current research in brain stimulation suggests transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) as a promising tool to modulate cognitive functions in healthy populations, such as attention, memory, and executive functions. Empirical evidence in single-task contexts, suggests that taVNS promotes holistic task processing, which strengthens the integration of multiple stimulus features in task processing. However, it is unclear how taVNS might affect performance in multitasking, where the integration of multiple stimuli leads to an overlap in stimulus response translation processes, increasing the risk of between-task interference (crosstalk). In a single-blinded, sham-controlled, within-subject design, participants underwent taVNS while performing a dual task. To assess the effects of taVNS, behavioral (reaction times), physiological (heart rate variability, salivary alpha-amylase), and subjective psychological variables (e.g., arousal) were recorded over three cognitive test blocks. Our results revealed no overall significant effect of taVNS on physiological and subjective psychological variables. However, the results showed a significant increase in between-task interference under taVNS in the first test block, but not in the subsequent test blocks. Our findings therefore suggest that taVNS increased integrative processing of both tasks early during active stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Sommer
- Department of General Psychology: Judgment, Decision Making, Action, Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen (FernUniversität in Hagen), Hagen, Germany; Department of Exercise Physiology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Rico Fischer
- Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uirassu Borges
- Department of Health and Social Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sylvain Laborde
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Normandie Université, UFR STAPS, EA 4260 CESAMS, Caen, France
| | - Silvia Achtzehn
- Department of Exercise Physiology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman Liepelt
- Department of General Psychology: Judgment, Decision Making, Action, Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen (FernUniversität in Hagen), Hagen, Germany
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Rrapaj A, Landau AM, Winterdahl M. Exploration of possible sex bias in acute social stress research: a semi-systematic review. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2023; 35:205-217. [PMID: 36876342 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2023.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Stress can have a significant impact on the daily lives of individuals and can increase vulnerability to a number of medical conditions. This study aims to estimate the ratio of male to female participants in acute social stress research in healthy individuals. We examined original research articles published over the last 20 years. Each article was screened to determine the total number of female and male participants. We extracted data from 124 articles involving a total of 9539 participants. A total of 4221 (44.2%) participants were female, 5056 (53.0%) were male and 262 (2.7%) were unreported. Articles incorporating only females were significantly underrepresented compared to articles incorporating only males. Forty articles (63.5%) which presented data from both females and males, failed to analyse and interpret the results by sex, a significant methodological limitation. In conclusion, in the literature published over the last 20 years, female participants are significantly underrepresented. In the studies where females are represented, severe methodological limitations are apparent. Researchers should be conscious of sexual dimorphism, menstrual phase and use of hormonal contraception, which may impact the interpretation of their results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemida Rrapaj
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne M Landau
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Winterdahl
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Griffioen RE, van Boxtel GJM, Verheggen T, Enders-Slegers MJ, Van Der Steen S. Group Changes in Cortisol and Heart Rate Variability of Children with Down Syndrome and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder during Dog-Assisted Therapy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1200. [PMID: 37508697 PMCID: PMC10378440 DOI: 10.3390/children10071200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Dog-assisted therapy is hypothesized to lower stress in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with Down syndrome (DS), which may be visible on a physiological level. In this study, we measured heart rate variability (HRV) and salivary cortisol of 20 children with DS or ASD at the beginning and end of six weekly sessions of dog-assisted therapy. We found a decrease of cortisol levels during single sessions, but no overall effect after six sessions (six weeks). The effect of dog-assisted therapy on the increase of HRV could not be confirmed. This study is one of the first to use physiological measurements to test the effects of DAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Griffioen
- Department of Animal Assisted Interventions, Aeres University of Applied Sciences, De Drieslag 4, 8251 JZ Dronten, The Netherlands
| | - Geert J M van Boxtel
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Verheggen
- Department of Psychology and Education, Open University The Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg 177, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Jose Enders-Slegers
- Department of Psychology and Education, Open University The Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg 177, 6419 AT Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Steffie Van Der Steen
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Mikneviciute G, Pulopulos MM, Allaert J, Armellini A, Rimmele U, Kliegel M, Ballhausen N. Adult age differences in the psychophysiological response to acute stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 153:106111. [PMID: 37075654 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Age-related differences in the psychophysiology of the acute stress response are poorly understood given the limited number of studies and the high heterogeneity of findings. The present study contributes by investigating age differences in both the psychological and physiological responses to acute stress in a sample of healthy younger (N = 50; 18-30; Mage = 23.06; SD = 2.90) and older adults (N = 50; 65-84; Mage = 71.12; SD = 5.02). Specifically, the effects of psychosocial stress (i.e., age-adapted Trier Social Stress Test) were investigated at numerous timepoints throughout the stress response phases (i.e., baseline, anticipation, reactivity, recovery) on cortisol, heart rate, subjective stress, and anticipatory appraisal of the stressful situation. The study was conducted in a between-subject (younger vs. older) cross-over (stress vs. control) design. Results revealed age-related differences in both physiological and psychological variables: older adults had overall lower salivary cortisol levels in the stress and control conditions and lower stress-induced cortisol increase (i.e., AUCi). In addition, older adults' cortisol reactivity was delayed compared to younger adults. Older adults showed a lower heart rate response in the stress condition while no age differences were observed in the control condition. Finally, older adults reported less subjective stress and a less negative stress appraisal during the anticipation phase than younger adults, which could potentially explain lower physiological reactivity in this age group. Results are discussed in relation to the existing literature, potential underlying mechanisms, and future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Mikneviciute
- NCCR LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Matias M Pulopulos
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience Lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens Allaert
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience Lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, University Hospital Ghent (UZ Ghent), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexis Armellini
- NCCR LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Rimmele
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Affective Sciences (CISA), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Neurocenter, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Kliegel
- NCCR LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Ballhausen
- Centre for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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Whinery ED, Musleh A, Brown EA, Alford Z, Anigbogu JC, Ellingwood L, Espinoza MA, Hawkins G, Kammer K, Krause K, Olson LE. Physiological Responses to Narrative Anger Recall and Correlates to Anger, Forgiveness, and Rumination. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Narrative recall, or describing an event from one’s past, is a common method to study anger in the laboratory. However, most research using this method has not included a neutral speaking control, and therefore the physiological response attributable to emotion versus the act of speech is unknown. We evaluated heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductance level, heart rate variability, and salivary alpha-amylase during silent baseline, neutral speaking, anger recall, and recovery periods, and correlated these measures with trait anger, forgiveness, and rumination ( n = 104). Only systolic blood pressure and skin conductance levels were elevated in the anger recall period above the values in the neutral speaking period, showing the need for this important control. Alpha-amylase was inversely correlated to forgiveness, particularly in females. A neutral speaking control is critical for anger recall protocols because the physiological responses are mostly due to speaking, not anger. Salivary alpha-amylase may be a promising autonomic marker in studies of forgiveness and anger.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya Musleh
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Emily A. Brown
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Zachary Alford
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Joe C. Anigbogu
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Greg Hawkins
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Kaisa Kammer
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Krause
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Lisa E. Olson
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, Redlands, CA, USA
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Ossenfort KL, Sands MK, Isaacowitz DM. Anticipatory emotion regulation of a highly arousing stressor in adulthood and old age. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:1542-1553. [PMID: 32321283 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1753013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most studies of emotion regulation across the lifespan have focused on how individuals manage their emotions during or after emotional events. However the current study examined how anticipatory emotion regulation behavior, a process that occurs before an emotional event has been experienced, influenced young (Mage = 19.66) and older (Mage = 70.02) adults' affective experience, physiological reactivity, and task performance. METHOD Participants were first provided with a detailed description of an upcoming evaluative stress task, but were able to regulate their affective state by selecting one video to watch from a selection of 8 videos labelled by valence and arousal before completing the stressful task. RESULTS Participants across age groups were more likely to select a positive video, and participants who made positive selections initially felt better than those who selected negative content, though they experienced sharper mood declines than those who selected a negative video. Negative selections were linked to better performance on the speech task across age groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that, when anticipating a negative situation, participants preemptively increase positive emotions. However, while positive selections served to temporarily improve mood, the effects did not last throughout the stress task. These results provide more evidence for age similarity than age differences in anticipatory emotion regulation effects and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Molly K Sands
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Akinlosotu RY, Alissa N, Waldstein SR, Creath RA, Wittenberg GF, Westlake KP. Examining the influence of mental stress on balance perturbation responses in older adults. Exp Gerontol 2021; 153:111495. [PMID: 34314843 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reach-to-grasp responses following balance perturbations are important to fall prevention but are often ineffective in older adults. The ability to shift attention from an ongoing cognitive task to balance related processes has been shown to influence reach-to-grasp effectiveness in older adults. However, the added influence of stress and anxiety - known to negatively affect attention shifting ability - has not yet been explored in relation to recovery from balance perturbations. Given that fear and anxiety over falling is a key fall risk factor, an understanding of how such a negative mental state may affect postural reactions is important. This study aimed to investigate the effect of varied induced emotional states on reach-to-grasp balance responses in older adults. METHODS Healthy older adults (mean age 70.5 ± 5.38 years) stood laterally between 2 handrails with contact sensors. A safety harness with an integrated loadcell was worn to prevent falls and measure the amount of harness assistance (expressed as percent body weight). With instructions to grasp one rail to restore balance, participants' balance was laterally disturbed using surface translations under three randomized conditions: no cognitive task, neutral (verb generation) task, and mental stress task with negative prompts (paced auditory serial addition). The primary outcome was frequency of protective grasps. Secondary outcomes included frequency of harness assistance during trials with grasp errors as well as wrist movement time, trajectory distance, and peak velocity. RESULTS Perceived level of distress was highest for the mental stress task compared to no task (p < 0.001) and neutral task conditions (p = 0.008). The mental stress task resulted in the lowest percentage of protective grasps (p < 0.001) in response to balance perturbations. Closer examination of trials that resulted in grasp errors (i.e., collisions or overshoots), revealed increased harness assistance and reduced peak velocity of wrist movement (p < 0.001) under the mental stress condition compared to grasp errors that occurred under the no task or neutral task condition. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Distressing mental thoughts immediately prior to a balance perturbation lead to reduced effectiveness in reach-to-grasp balance responses compared to no or neutral cognitive tasks and should be considered as a possible fall risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Y Akinlosotu
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Nesreen Alissa
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Shari R Waldstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Robert A Creath
- Department of Exercise Science, Lebanon Valley College, Annville, PA 17003, USA.
| | - George F Wittenberg
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Human Engineering Research Laboratory, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - Kelly P Westlake
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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13
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Shafira M, Maulina T, Lyana NP, Sjamsudin E, Hardianto A. The Correlation between Pain, Stress, and Oral Function in Oral and Maxillofacial Infection and Trauma Patients. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
The relationship between stress and acute pain has been documented in previous studies. Yet, very few studies have evaluated the relationship between stress and acute orofacial pain and its impact on jaw functional activities.
Objective:
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the correlation between acute orofacial pain, stress, and the limitation of the jaw and facial activities in oral and maxillofacial infection and oral and maxillofacial trauma patients.
Methods:
The current study recruited 50 (16 male, 34 female) patients from the Emergency Unit of the Ujung Berung Hospital, Bandung Indonesia. Twenty-five patients were those who had oral and maxillofacial trauma, and the rest were those who had an oral and maxillofacial infection. The patient’s stress level was evaluated by measuring their salivary alpha-amylase level, the pain level was measured by using the numeric rating scale (NRS), whilst the limitation of the jaw and facial activities was measured by using the Jaw and Facial Activities Limitation (JFAL) Questionnaire. All data were analysed using the Spearman correlation test.
Results:
Based on the analysis, it was revealed that there was no significant correlation (r = 0.176, p= 0.22) between stress and pain level. When associated with jaw and facial activities limitation, there was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.555, p < 0.01) found between pain level and jaw and facial activity limitation.
Conclusion:
The current study concluded that there was a significant positive correlation found between pain and jaw activity limitation on oral and maxillofacial infection and trauma patients.
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14
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Zapater-Fajarí M, Crespo-Sanmiguel I, Pulopulos MM, Hidalgo V, Salvador A. Resilience and Psychobiological Response to Stress in Older People: The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:632141. [PMID: 33692681 PMCID: PMC7937969 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.632141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resilience, the ability to overcome adversity and face stressful demands and experiences, has been strongly associated with successful aging, a low risk of diseases and high mental and physical functioning. This relationship could be based on adaptive coping behaviors, but more research is needed to gain knowledge about the strategies employed to confront social stress. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of the use of active or passive coping strategies by resilient people in dealing with stressful situations. For this purpose, we measured resilience, coping strategies, and perceived stress in 66 healthy older adults (31 men and 35 women) between 56 and 75 years old who were exposed to stress (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST) or a control situation. The stress response was analyzed at endocrine (cortisol) and psychological (anxiety) levels. In the stress condition, moderated mediation analysis showed a conditional indirect effect of resilience on cortisol reactivity through active coping. However, passive coping strategies did not mediate the resilience-cortisol relationship. In addition, neither active nor passive coping mediated the relationship between resilience and the anxiety response. These results suggest that resilience is associated with active coping strategies, which in turn could explain, at least in part, individual differences in the cortisol response to a psychosocial laboratory stressor. These factors may prevent the development of stress-related pathologies associated with aging and facilitate healthy and satisfactory aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Zapater-Fajarí
- Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Crespo-Sanmiguel
- Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Matias M Pulopulos
- Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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15
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Vallejo L, Zapater-Fajarí M, Montoliu T, Puig-Perez S, Nacher J, Hidalgo V, Salvador A. No Effects of Acute Psychosocial Stress on Working Memory in Older People With Type 2 Diabetes. Front Psychol 2021; 11:596584. [PMID: 33584433 PMCID: PMC7874042 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.596584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been considered a public health threat due to its growing prevalence, particularly in the older population. It is important to know the effects of psychosocial stress and its potential consequences for some basic cognitive processes that are important in daily life. Currently, there is very little information about how people with T2D face acute psychosocial stressors, and even less about how their response affects working memory (WM), which is essential for their functionality and independence. Our aim was to characterize the response to an acute laboratory psychosocial stressor and its effects on WM in older people with T2D. Fifty participants with T2D from 52 to 77 years old were randomly assigned to a stress (12 men and 12 women) or control (12 men and 14 women) condition. Mood and physiological (cortisol, C, and salivary alpha-amylase, sAA) responses to tasks were measured. In addition, participants completed a WM test before and after the stress or control task. Our results showed that the TSST elicited higher negative affect and greater C and sAA responses than the control task. No significant differences in WM were observed depending on the exposure to stress or the control task. Finally, participants who showed higher C and sAA responses to the stressor had lower WM performance. Our results indicate that medically treated older adults with T2D show clear, typical mood and physiological responses to an acute psychosocial stressor. Finally, the lack of acute psychosocial stress effects on WM suggests that it could be related to aging and not to this disease, at least when T2D is adequately treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Vallejo
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and University Institute for Research in Psychology of Human Resources, Organizational Development and Quality of Work Life (IDOCAL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariola Zapater-Fajarí
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and University Institute for Research in Psychology of Human Resources, Organizational Development and Quality of Work Life (IDOCAL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Montoliu
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and University Institute for Research in Psychology of Human Resources, Organizational Development and Quality of Work Life (IDOCAL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Puig-Perez
- Department of Health Sciences, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Nacher
- Valencian (VLC) Campus Research Microcluster "Technologies of Information and Control Applied to the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetes," University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental: Spanish National Network of Research in Mental Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and University Institute for Research in Psychology of Human Resources, Organizational Development and Quality of Work Life (IDOCAL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,II Aragón, Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and University Institute for Research in Psychology of Human Resources, Organizational Development and Quality of Work Life (IDOCAL), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Valencian (VLC) Campus Research Microcluster "Technologies of Information and Control Applied to the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Diabetes," University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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16
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Krahel A, Paszynska E, Slopien A, Gawriolek M, Otulakowska-Skrzynska J, Rzatowski S, Hernik A, Hanć T, Bryl E, Szczesniewska P, Bilska K, Duda J, Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor M, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M. Stress/Immune Biomarkers in Saliva among Children with ADHD Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020769. [PMID: 33477503 PMCID: PMC7831062 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate stress and immune biomarkers in saliva samples of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ADHD compared to healthy non-ADHD children. Material and methods. A total of 132 children under 11 years old (8.5 ± 1.1) enrolled in a cross-sectional study: with confirmed ADHD (n = 60) and healthy controls (n = 72). The clinical evaluation included physical measurements (height, waist, hip circumference, body weight, body mass index BMI, BMI z-score) and unstimulated saliva collection and measurements of free cortisol, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), and secreted immunoglobulins (sIgA, IgG, and IgM) with quantitative assay (ELISA) analysis. Unpaired t-test, Welch test, or Mann-Whitney U test were applied for group comparisons when appropriate, and the correlation between variables was analyzed with Spearman's rank coefficient. Results were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results. In the ADHD group, body weight (p ≤ 0.01), BMI (p ≤ 0.009), and hip circumference (p ≤ 0.001) significantly differed, while waist size and BMI z-score did not (p > 0.05). Significant elevation of the salivary sAA (p = 0.03), sIgA (p = 0.02), and IgM (p ≤ 0.001) biomarkers were detected, without differences in the morning cortisol (p > 0.05). Significant correlations between cortisol and BMI, hip size, and IgA, as well as between IgG and sAA and IgA were obtained. Conclusions. Saliva can be used to monitor ADHD status with regard to biomarkers indicating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, as HPA axis, and sympathetic activity. The results indicate that morning collection of saliva in contrast to unchanged salivary cortisol, may evaluate mentioned above system dysregulations by measurements of sAA and immunoglobulins among ADHD children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Krahel
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (M.G.); (J.O.-S.); (S.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Elzbieta Paszynska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (M.G.); (J.O.-S.); (S.R.); (A.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Agnieszka Slopien
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (M.T.-N.)
| | - Maria Gawriolek
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (M.G.); (J.O.-S.); (S.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Justyna Otulakowska-Skrzynska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (M.G.); (J.O.-S.); (S.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Szymon Rzatowski
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (M.G.); (J.O.-S.); (S.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Amadeusz Hernik
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (A.K.); (M.G.); (J.O.-S.); (S.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Tomasz Hanć
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (T.H.); (E.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Ewa Bryl
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (T.H.); (E.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Paula Szczesniewska
- Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (T.H.); (E.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Karolina Bilska
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.B.); (J.D.); (M.D.-W.)
| | - Joanna Duda
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.B.); (J.D.); (M.D.-W.)
| | - Marta Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (M.T.-N.)
| | - Monika Dmitrzak-Weglarz
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (K.B.); (J.D.); (M.D.-W.)
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17
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Ostalska-Nowicka D, Paszyńska E, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Neyman-Bartkowiak A, Rabiega A, Zachwieja J, Nowicki M. Dental caries-related primary hypertension in children and adolescents: Cross-sectional study. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1822-1833. [PMID: 33128414 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a growing clinical problem in pediatric population. Also, the cause of hypertension is usually unknown and it may result from systemic inflammation related to tooth decay. AIM To estimate the potential association in cross-sectional study between tooth decay and hypertension in children and adolescents. PATIENTS AND METHODS Study group-65 children diagnosed with primary arterial hypertension; control subjects-44 normotensive children. Blood pressure, dental examination, measurement of salivary cortisol, alpha-amylase, secretory IgA, and lysozyme concentrations were performed in all of the children. RESULTS Hyper- and normotensive children had similar peripheral blood morphology and serum biochemical parameters, except of uric acid concentration, which was significantly higher in the study group (p = .047). Salivary evening concentrations of cortisol and alpha-amylase were significantly higher in hypertensive children (p = .002 and p = .004, respectively). Although 24-hr systolic blood pressure (SBP), including daytime and nighttime SBP, correlated with "decay," "microalbuminuria," "BMI," and "glomerular filtration rate" (r > .75, r > .7, r < .68, and r < .43, respectively), in multivariate analysis only "decay" was associated with hypertension both in children and in adolescents (p < .0001). CONCLUSION Tooth decay in children/adolescents might be regarded as a potent trigger factor of hypertension in individuals in whom all other causes of secondary arterial hypertension have been excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Ostalska-Nowicka
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Paszyńska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz
- Department of Genetics in Psychiatry, Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Neyman-Bartkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alina Rabiega
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jacek Zachwieja
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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18
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Paszynska E, Roszak M, Slopien A, Boucher Y, Dutkiewicz A, Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor M, Gawriolek M, Otulakowska-Skrzynska J, Rzatowski S, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M. Is there a link between stress and immune biomarkers and salivary opiorphin in patients with a restrictive-type of anorexia nervosa? World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:220-229. [PMID: 30880537 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2019.1593502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Opiorphin is a salivary peptide with analgesic and antidepressant properties. Its relationship with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, autonomic nervous and immune systems may provide understanding of chronic stress, especially in anorexia nervosa (AN). This study investigated a possible correlation between opiorphin and stress/immune biomarkers, cortisol, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), in saliva of patients with restrictive-type AN.Methods: A case-control clinical trial was conducted in 92 AN patients (+75 healthy controls). Unstimulated salivary samples were taken during the acute stage of AN, measurements of cortisol, sAA, sIgA and opiorphin were performed with a quantitative assay (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, P < 0.05).Results: AN patients displayed an increase in cortisol (P < 0.001) and sIgA (P < 0.001) but not in sAA (P = 0.279) levels. Distinct correlation between these two parameters and body-weight indexes were observed. Opiorphin levels were neither correlated to stress and immune biomarkers, nor to salivary flow rate.Conclusions: The effect of stress responses can be reliably assessed in saliva in AN patients. The difference between sIgA and cortisol indicate that they can both be used for mental stress assessment in saliva. Modulation of opiorphin by chronic stress was not confirmed. Unchanged sAA indicates a partial adaptation of human organism to severe condition during malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Paszynska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Roszak
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, PUMS, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Yves Boucher
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié Salpêtrière, UFR Odontologie Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Agata Dutkiewicz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, PUMS, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Maria Gawriolek
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Szymon Rzatowski
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), Poznań, Poland
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Odanaka H, Obama T, Sawada N, Sugano M, Itabe H, Yamamoto M. Comparison of protein profiles of the pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva: possible origin of pellicle proteins. Biol Res 2020; 53:3. [PMID: 31941552 PMCID: PMC6964095 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-0271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pellicle, the acellular organic material deposited on the surface of tooth enamel, has been thought to be derived from saliva. In this study, protein compositions of the pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva collected from healthy adults were compared to elucidate the origin of pellicle proteins. Results The pellicle, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva from the parotid gland or mixed gland were collected; subsequently, protein expression in samples from the respective individual was compared by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. Following SDS-PAGE, proteins in the major bands were identified by mass spectrometry. The band pattern of pellicle proteins appeared different from those of gingival crevicular fluid, or saliva samples. Using mass spectrometry, 13 proteins in these samples were identified. The relative abundance of the proteins was quantitatively analyzed using mass spectrometry coupled with stable isotope labeling and by western blot. Cystatin S and α-amylase detected in pellicle were enriched in saliva samples, but not in gingival crevicular fluid, by western blot, and their abundance ratios were high in saliva and low in gingival crevicular fluid when analyzed by stable isotope labeling. Serotransferrin, however, was found only in the pellicle and gingival crevicular fluid by western blot and its abundance ratio was low in saliva. Conclusions Our study revealed that the gingival crevicular fluid appears to contribute to pellicle formation in addition to saliva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibiki Odanaka
- Department of Periodontology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Obama
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Sawada
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Marika Sugano
- Department of Periodontology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Itabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Matsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Periodontology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Tada S, Shiota A, Hayashi H, Nakamura T. Reference urinary biopyrrin level and physiological variation in healthy young adults: relation of stress by learning. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03138. [PMID: 32042943 PMCID: PMC7002780 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e03138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biopyrrins are end products of oxidation reactions of bilirubin with reactive oxygen, and urinary biopyrrin (UBP) levels might increase under oxidative stress. The authors examined the reference UBP level for healthy adults and its physiological variation in 40 healthy volunteers recruited from among students of our university (20 students each from third-year and fourth-year), and compared the results with data on 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG). Methods UBP and 8OHdG levels could be considered as oxidative stress markers. The UBP levels were measured with a competitive ELISA kit using biopyrrin antibody 24G7, according to the manufacturer's protocol. 8OHdG levels were measured with a Highly Sensitive 8-OHdG Check kit. UBP and 8OHdG measurements were performed in triplicate and means values calculated. For both parameters, creatinine (Cr) correction was performed using urinary creatinine levels measured by an enzymatic method. Results A comparison of the UBP levels between different grades revealed that the third-year students under high stress from clinical training and other course work tended to have a higher UBP level than fourth-year students. Therefore, we compared the current UBP levels in fourth-year students (samples collected in 2018) with their UBP level when they were in the third-year (samples collected in 2017) to examine the annual change. We found that the UBP level in 2017 samples was significantly higher than that in 2018 samples (P < 0.05). No difference in the 8OHdG level. Additionally, no effect of menstrual stress on the UBP level was observed. Conclusions These results suggest that the UBP levels may be related to school-related stress and menstruation has no effects on urinalysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tada
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-1 Hara Mure-cho, Takamatsu City, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
| | - Atsuko Shiota
- Department of Nursing, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-1 Hara Mure-cho, Takamatsu City, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Hayashi
- Clinical Department of Research and Development, Cellspect Co. Ltd., Morioka, 020-0857, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakamura
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, 281-1 Hara Mure-cho, Takamatsu City, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
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21
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SEURA T, FUKUWATARI T. Differences in gut microbial patterns associated with salivary biomarkers in young Japanese adults. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2020; 39:243-249. [PMID: 33117623 PMCID: PMC7573114 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2019-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that psychological stress is associated with gut microbiota;
however, there are no reports of its association with gut microbial structure. This
cross-sectional study examined the relationship between psychological stress and gut
microbial patterns in young Japanese adults. Analysis of fecal microbiota was performed
using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Psychological stress was
assessed using salivary biomarkers, including cortisol, alpha-amylase, and secretory IgA
(S-IgA). Fecal microbial patterns were defined using principal component analysis of the
T-RFLP profile and were classified into two enterotype-like clusters, which were defined
by the B (microbiota dominated by Bacteroides) and BL patterns
(microbiota dominated by Bifidobacterium and
Lactobacillales), respectively. The Simpson index was significantly
higher for the BL pattern than for the B pattern. The salivary cortisol level was
significantly lower for the BL pattern than for the B pattern. Salivary alpha-amylase and
S-IgA levels showed a negative correlation with the Simpson index. Our results raise the
possibility that salivary biomarkers may be involved in the observed differences in
microbial patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro SEURA
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9 Katahira, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1197, Japan
- Graduate School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho, Hikone, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
- Department of Home Economics and Technology Education, Hokkaido University of Education, 9 Hokumon-cho, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 070-8621, Japan
| | - Tsutomu FUKUWATARI
- Graduate School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho, Hikone, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
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Condello G, Forte R, Monteagudo P, Ghinassi B, Di Baldassarre A, Capranica L, Pesce C. Autonomic Stress Response and Perceived Effort Jointly Inform on Dual Tasking in Aging. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9110290. [PMID: 31653021 PMCID: PMC6896189 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9110290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The study investigated, through neuroendocrinological, subjective and behavioral assessments, how aging individuals cope with locomotor-cognitive dual-tasking and whether physical activity habits influence the acute response to locomotor-cognitive performance. Seventy-nine healthy participants aged 55–85 years were assessed on locomotor (gait speed, stride length) and cognitive (working memory) performances under single- and dual-task (ST, DT) conditions, and habitual physical activity (daily steps). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was assessed immediately after performance. Salivary α-amylase (sAA) was measured prior, immediately and 5 min after performance. Gait and working memory variables, the area under the curve of sAA (AUC) and DT–ST differences (DT effects) were computed. AUC was higher when the ST or DT performance involved a locomotor component and showed a pre-to-post increment after DT only, whereas RPE was higher when performance involved a cognitive component. Daily steps neither predicted sAA, nor RPE. Associations between DT effects on sAA, RPE and performance emerged in high-active participants only. In aging individuals, DT walking elicits an autonomic stress response presumably led by the challenge to share resources relying upon common neural substrates. This autonomic response seems tuned to gait performance and subjective evaluation of effort in those more accustomed to walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Condello
- Graduate Institute of Sports Training, Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Administrative Building, 101 Zhongcheng Rd. Section 2, Shilin District, 111 Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Roberta Forte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00135 Roma, Italy.
| | - Pablo Monteagudo
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Valencia, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 València, Spain.
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Angela Di Baldassarre
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Laura Capranica
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00135 Roma, Italy.
| | - Caterina Pesce
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00135 Roma, Italy.
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Grimley SJ, Ko CM, Morrell HER, Grace F, Bañuelos MS, Bautista BR, Chavez GN, Dalrymple ER, Green M, Gurning J, Heuerman AC, Huerta M, Marks M, Ov J, Overton-Harris P, Olson LE. The Need for a Neutral Speaking Period in Psychosocial Stress Testing. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Tasks such as the Trier Social Stress Test, narrative recall, and some cognitive challenges require participants to speak in order to measure acute physiological responses to induced stress. Typically, the physiological measures during the stressed state are compared to a silent baseline period. This does not differentiate between stress that is induced by emotion and stress due to the physical act of vocalization. We modified a psychosocial stress task for 41 participants to add a period of neutral speaking. We hypothesized that there would be significant differences in physiological measures between the silent baseline and neutral speaking periods, and that these differences would explain a substantial proportion of the stress response traditionally attributed to emotion. Blood pressure, skin conductance level, respiration rate, salivary alpha-amylase, and high frequency heart rate variability showed significant changes during the neutral speaking period compared to a silent baseline, demonstrating the need for this control. Of the magnitude of physiological response which would have typically been attributed to emotion, 36–77% was due to vocalization alone. In stress-inducing tasks that require speaking, care should be taken in study design to account for the physiological impact of speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Grimley
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Celine M. Ko
- Department of Psychology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | | | - Fran Grace
- Department of Religious Studies, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthew Green
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | | | - Anne C. Heuerman
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
- Department of Religious Studies, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Misael Huerta
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Megan Marks
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Ov
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa E. Olson
- Department of Biology, University of Redlands, CA, USA
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Contreras-Aguilar MD, Vialaret J, Deville de Périère D, Escribano D, Lehmann S, Tecles F, Cerón JJ, Hirtz C. Variation of human salivary alpha-amylase proteoforms in three stimulation models. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:475-486. [PMID: 31388762 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the sAA proteoforms' expression during different stimulation situations. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study evaluated the salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) proteoforms' behavior by western blot (WB) analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in different situations that produce increases in sAA activity. For this purpose, six healthy women with a similar body mass index, age, and fit, underwent different sAA stimulation tests, such as acetic acid stimulation, psychological stress using the standardized Trier social stress test, and physical effort using the Cooper treadmill test. RESULTS The three models showed an increase in sAA activity. The WB demonstrated seven common bands observed in the six women (band one at 59 kDa, two at 56 kDa, three at 48 kDa, four at 45 kDa, five at 41 kDa, six at 36 kDa, and seven at 14 kDa), in which sAA protein was identified. The individual WB analysis showed that band two, which corresponded to the native non-glycosylated sAA proteoform, had a higher increase after the three sAA stimulation inducers, and this band was also the only proteoform correlated with sAA activity (r = 0.56, P = 0.001). In addition, when the label-free quantification analysis was performed, the different proteoforms showed different responses depending on the type of stimulation. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study showed that the diverse sAA proteoforms' expression depends on the different stimulation models. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study opens new perspectives and challenges for the use of the different alpha-amylase proteoforms as possible biomarkers in addition to the sAA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Contreras-Aguilar
- Clinic Analysis Interdisciplinary Laboratory (Interlab-UMU), Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jerome Vialaret
- LBPC/PPC - IRMB, CHU de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier University, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Dominique Deville de Périère
- LBPC/PPC - IRMB, CHU de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier University, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Damián Escribano
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Veterinary School, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- LBPC/PPC - IRMB, CHU de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier University, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Fernando Tecles
- Clinic Analysis Interdisciplinary Laboratory (Interlab-UMU), Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose J Cerón
- Clinic Analysis Interdisciplinary Laboratory (Interlab-UMU), Campus of Excellence Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- LBPC/PPC - IRMB, CHU de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier University, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
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25
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Zänkert S, Bellingrath S, Wüst S, Kudielka BM. HPA axis responses to psychological challenge linking stress and disease: What do we know on sources of intra- and interindividual variability? Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 105:86-97. [PMID: 30390966 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Stress is an ubiquitous phenomenon with significant impact on human physiology when it lasts too long, when it is too intense, or when it hits vulnerable individuals. Examining the mechanisms linking stress exposure with health and disease is an important endeavor in psychoneuroendocrine research. Empirical evidence so far revealed large intra- as well as inter-individual variability in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses to acute psychosocial stress, showing that the HPA axis is a highly adaptive system. Thus, the characterization of intra- und inter-individual patterns of HPA axis reactivity is of high scientific interest and forms the basis on which mechanistic links between stress response (dys)regulation and health impairments can be examined. To date, basic knowledge has been, and still is, accumulated on demographic, biological (including genetic and epigenetic) factors, lifestyle behavioral variables, consumption of substances and medication, psychological and personality factors, as well as on methodological aspects. Besides this, there is also very recent progress in respect to the development of laboratory stress paradigms that can be applied in virtual reality or inside an MRI-scanner. In sum, the present review updates our current knowledge on moderating and intervening factors as sources of intra- und inter-individual variability in human cortisol stress responses and offers recommendations for future research designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zänkert
- Department of Medical Psychology, Psychological Diagnostics and Research Methodology, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silja Bellingrath
- Department of Work- and Organizational Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wüst
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte M Kudielka
- Department of Medical Psychology, Psychological Diagnostics and Research Methodology, University of Regensburg, Germany.
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26
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Rothenberg DO, Zhang L. Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Depressive Effects of Regular Tea Consumption. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1361. [PMID: 31212946 PMCID: PMC6627400 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This article is a comprehensive review of the literature pertaining to the antidepressant effects and mechanisms of regular tea consumption. Meta-data supplemented with recent observational studies were first analyzed to assess the association between tea consumption and depression risk. The literature reported risk ratios (RR) were 0.69 with 95% confidence intervals of 0.62-0.77. Next, we thoroughly reviewed human trials, mouse models, and in vitro experiments to determine the predominant mechanisms underlying the observed linear relationship between tea consumption and reduced risk of depression. Current theories on the neurobiology of depression were utilized to map tea-mediated mechanisms of antidepressant activity onto an integrated framework of depression pathology. The major nodes within the network framework of depression included hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity, inflammation, weakened monoaminergic systems, reduced neurogenesis/neuroplasticity, and poor microbiome diversity affecting the gut-brain axis. We detailed how each node has subsystems within them, including signaling pathways, specific target proteins, or transporters that interface with compounds in tea, mediating their antidepressant effects. A major pathway was found to be the ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway, up-regulated by a number of compounds in tea including teasaponin, L-theanine, EGCG and combinations of tea catechins and their metabolites. Black tea theaflavins and EGCG are potent anti-inflammatory agents via down-regulation of NF-κB signaling. Multiple compounds in tea are effective modulators of dopaminergic activity and the gut-brain axis. Taken together, our findings show that constituents found in all major tea types, predominantly L-theanine, polyphenols and polyphenol metabolites, are capable of functioning through multiple pathways simultaneously to collectively reduce the risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan O'Neill Rothenberg
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Tea Science, College of Horticulture Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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27
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Medeiros ADM, Silva RH. Sex Differences in Alzheimer’s Disease: Where Do We Stand? J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 67:35-60. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-180213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- André de Macêdo Medeiros
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center of Health and Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Regina Helena Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Acute psychosocial stress effects on memory performance: Relevance of age and sex. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 157:48-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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29
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Espin L, Villada C, Hidalgo V, Salvador A. Effects of sex and menstrual cycle phase on cardiac response and alpha- amylase levels in psychosocial stress. Biol Psychol 2018; 140:141-148. [PMID: 30552951 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The impact of sex and the menstrual cycle phase on the autonomic response to psychosocial stress remains controversial. This study explored autonomic nervous system activity through salivary alpha-amylase, heart rate, and heart rate variability responses to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) in healthy young people. The sample was composed of 25 men, 26 women in the luteal phase, and 25 women in the follicular phase, from 18 to 25 years of age. Participants were exposed to the TSST or a control condition. The results indicate that women in their follicular phase showed a blunted alpha-amylase response to stress compared to men and women in the luteal phase. In addition, men showed higher sympatho-vagal activity in the stress condition compared to the two groups of women. These results confirm that sex and the menstrual cycle phase are potential modulators of autonomic nervous system reactivity to psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Espin
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, IDOCAL, Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carolina Villada
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, IDOCAL, Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Juriquilla, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, IDOCAL, Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; IIS Aragón, Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, IDOCAL, Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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30
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Salivary secretory immunoglobulin A reactivity: a comparison to cortisol and α-amylase patterns in the same breast cancer survivors. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2018; 22:191-201. [PMID: 30455592 PMCID: PMC6238094 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2018.78946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction One way to examine the extent to which the stress associated with a breast cancer experience (BC) impacts stress-related physiological mechanisms is to study the secretion patterns of associated biomarkers. Unlike cortisol and α-amylase (sAA), biomarkers of immune functioning such as secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) have rarely been examined in BC survivors. Aim of the study This study had two principal aims: the first was to evaluate the basal secretion profiles of SIgA as well as its response to an acute stressor as a marker of immune health in BC survivors and women with no history of BC, and the second was to determine how SIgA stress-related patterns compare to published cortisol and sAA patterns in the same women. Results Overall, the findings indicate that BC survivors exhibit a blunted cortisol reaction to an acute stressor, a generally elevated diurnal sAA concentration pattern, and normal SIgA profiles, compared to women with no history of cancer. This study serves as a foundation for future research to elucidate the relationships between BC experience variables, stress biomarkers, and health outcomes in BC survivors.
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31
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Comparative Analysis of Emergency Medical Service Provider Workload During Simulated Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation Using Standard Versus Experimental Protocols and Equipment. Simul Healthc 2018; 13:376-386. [PMID: 30407958 DOI: 10.1097/sih.0000000000000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Protocolized automation of critical, labor-intensive tasks for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation may decrease Emergency Medical Services (EMS) provider workload. A simulation-based assessment method incorporating objective and self-reported metrics was developed and used to quantify workloads associated with standard and experimental approaches to OHCA resuscitation. METHODS Emergency Medical Services-Basic (EMT-B) and advanced life support (ALS) providers were randomized into two-provider mixed-level teams and fitted with heart rate (HR) monitors for continuous HR and energy expenditure (EE) monitoring. Subjects' resting salivary α-amylase (sAA) levels were measured along with Borg perceived exertion scores and multidimensional workload assessments (NASA-TLX). Each team engaged in the following three OHCA simulations: (1) baseline simulation in standard BLS/ALS roles; (2) repeat simulation in standard roles; and then (3) repeat simulation in reversed roles, ie, EMT-B provider performing ALS tasks. Control teams operated with standard state protocols and equipment; experimental teams used resuscitation-automating devices and accompanying goal-directed algorithmic protocol for simulations 2 and 3. Investigators video-recorded resuscitations and analyzed subjects' percent attained of maximal age-predicted HR (%mHR), EE, sAA, Borg, and NASA-TLX measurements. RESULTS Ten control and ten experimental teams completed the study (20 EMT-Basic; 1 EMT-Intermediate, 8 EMT-Cardiac, 11 EMT-Paramedic). Median %mHR, EE, sAA, Borg, and NASA-TLX scores did not differ between groups at rest. Overall multivariate analyses of variance did not detect significant differences; univariate analyses of variance for changes in %mHR, Borg, and NASA-TLX from resting state detected significant differences across simulations (workload reductions in experimental groups for simulations 2 and 3). CONCLUSIONS A simulation-based OHCA resuscitation performance and workload assessment method compared protocolized automation-assisted resuscitation with standard response. During exploratory application of the assessment method, subjects using the experimental approach appeared to experience reduced levels of physical exertion and perceived workload than control subjects.
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32
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Schwarz J, Gerhardsson A, van Leeuwen W, Lekander M, Ericson M, Fischer H, Kecklund G, Åkerstedt T. Does sleep deprivation increase the vulnerability to acute psychosocial stress in young and older adults? Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 96:155-165. [PMID: 29982098 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sleep loss and psychosocial stress often co-occur in today's society, but there is limited knowledge on the combined effects. Therefore, this experimental study investigated whether one night of sleep deprivation affects the response to a psychosocial challenge. A second aim was to examine if older adults, who may be less affected by both sleep deprivation and stress, react differently than young adults. 124 young (18-30 years) and 94 older (60-72 years) healthy adults participated in one of four conditions: i. normal night sleep & Placebo-Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), ii. normal night sleep & Trier Social Stress Test, iii. sleep deprivation & Placebo-TSST, iv. sleep deprivation & TSST. Subjective stress ratings, heart rate variability (HRV), salivary alpha amylase (sAA) and cortisol were measured throughout the protocol. At the baseline pre-stress measurement, salivary cortisol and subjective stress values were higher in sleep deprived than in rested participants. However, the reactivity to and recovery from the TSST was not significantly different after sleep deprivation for any of the outcome measures. Older adults showed higher subjective stress, higher sAA and lower HRV at baseline, indicating increased basal autonomic activity. Cortisol trajectories and HRV slightly differed in older adults compared with younger adults (regardless of the TSST). Moreover, age did not moderate the effect of sleep deprivation. Taken together, the results show increased stress levels after sleep deprivation, but do not confirm the assumption that one night of sleep deprivation increases the responsivity to an acute psychosocial challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Schwarz
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
| | - Andreas Gerhardsson
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | | | - Mats Lekander
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Mats Ericson
- Division of Ergonomics, CBH-School, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
| | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Göran Kecklund
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Åkerstedt
- Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
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33
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Cai W, Pan Y, Chai H, Cui Y, Yan J, Dong W, Deng G. Attentional bias modification in reducing test anxiety vulnerability: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:1. [PMID: 29304757 PMCID: PMC5756356 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A tendency to selectively process a threat to positive information may be involved in the etiology of anxiety disorders. The aim of this study is to examine whether attentional bias modification (ABM) can be used to modify high test-anxiety individuals' attention to emotional information and whether this change is related to anxiety vulnerability. METHODS Seventy-seven undergraduates were included: 28 individuals received a 5-day modified dot probe task as ABM training, 29 individuals received a 5-day classic dot probe task as placebo, and 20 individuals did not receive an intervention between the two test sections. In addition to the measure of biased attention, salivary α-amylase (sAA) and the visual analogue scale of anxiety were assessed as emotional reactivity to stress. RESULTS A repeated measurement of variance analysis and paired sample t-test indicated that the ABM group showed a significant change in attentional bias scores after the 5-day training, whereas there were no changes in the attentional bias scores in the placebo or waiting list groups. Importantly, anxiety vulnerability with attention to threats was significantly decreased in the training group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that attentional bias toward threat stimuli may play an important role in anxiety vulnerability. The attentional bias modification away from the threat is effective for the individuals preparing for an exam. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was retrospectively registered on June 22, 2017 with the registration number ChiCTR-IOR-17011745 and the title 'Attentional Bias in high anxiety individuals and its modification'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Cai
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Yu Pan
- 0000 0004 1761 8894grid.414252.4Department of Medical Psychology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Huangyangzi Chai
- Department of Engineering and Information, Nanjing City Vocational College, Nanjing, 210038 China
| | - Yi Cui
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Jin Yan
- 0000 0004 0369 1660grid.73113.37Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Wei Dong
- Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Guanghui Deng
- Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Xiangyin Road 800, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Barliana MI, Amalya SN, Pradipta IS, Alfian SD, Kusuma ASW, Milanda T, Abdulah R. DNA methyltransferase 3A gene polymorphism contributes to daily life stress susceptibility. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2017; 10:395-401. [PMID: 29290696 PMCID: PMC5735991 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s152451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Daily life stress markedly affects the response toward stressful stimuli. DNA methy-lation is one of the factors that regulate this response, and is a normal mechanism of somatic cell growth, but its regulatory gene variations may cause alterations in the stress response. The aim of the present study was to investigate genotypic variants of the DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) gene in 129 healthy subjects and evaluate its association with daily life stress. Blood samples were collected, and genomic DNA was isolated. DNA was amplified using specific tetra primers for DNMT3A (C/T) rs11683424 and visualized following 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. The association of DNMT3A genetic variants with daily life stress was analyzed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). We observed that the distribution of subjects with genotype CC (wild type), CT (heteromutant), and TT (homomutant) was 13.95%, 81.4%, and 4.65%, respectively. Genetic variations significantly affected the daily life stress condition (p=0.04) in Indonesian healthy subjects, but most of the subjects with the CT phenotype were classified in a stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa I Barliana
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Pharmacy Laboratory
- Pharmacy Services Development Research Center
| | - Shintya N Amalya
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Pharmacy Laboratory
| | - Ivan S Pradipta
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory
| | - Sofa D Alfian
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory
| | - Arif SW Kusuma
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Pharmacy Laboratory
- Pharmacy Services Development Research Center
| | - Tiana Milanda
- Department of Biological Pharmacy, Biotechnology Pharmacy Laboratory
- Center for Drug Discovery and Product Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory
- Center for Drug Discovery and Product Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia
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35
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Simultaneous measurement of salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase: Application and recommendations. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 83:657-677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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36
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A sympathetic nervous system evaluation of obesity stigma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185703. [PMID: 29084240 PMCID: PMC5662080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The portrayal of obesity in the media is often one of negativity. Consequently, it may generate an increase in stigma. Obesity stigma, a form of social discrimination, is responsible for many of the negative psychological and physiological effects on individual wellness. These effects not only impact individual health, but also affect the economy, and ultimately, societal wellness. In an attempt to examine the influence of the media on obesity stigma, this study tested the hypothesis that positive priming would lead to a reduction in obesity stigma. To further our understanding of this relationship, we: 1) examined the role of priming on physiological measures (e.g. salivary alpha amylase and skin conductance) in 70 college students by introducing positive and negative media images of individuals with obesity, and 2) assessed psychological measures (e.g. perceived stress, need to belong, and self-esteem, and Body Mass Index). After the priming manipulation, participants read a vignette depicting the discrimination of an individual with obesity and answered subsequent questions assessing participants' attributional blame of obesity. Results of this study revealed that priming affects physiological responding to obesity stigmatization. In conclusion, these findings suggest that incorporating positive media images of individuals with obesity may be an effective tool for reducing stigma and the various physiological consequences associated with it, which in turn, can enhance societal health and wellness.
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Unno K, Noda S, Kawasaki Y, Yamada H, Morita A, Iguchi K, Nakamura Y. Ingestion of green tea with lowered caffeine improves sleep quality of the elderly via suppression of stress. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 61:210-216. [PMID: 29203963 PMCID: PMC5703787 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated that ingestion of green tea enhances healthy life. However, caffeine in green tea can interfere with sleep. In this report, we examined the effect of green tea with lowered caffeine, low-caffeine green tea, on stress and sleep of the elderly. The participants (n = 10, mean age 89.3 ± 4.2 years) drank five cups/day of standard green tea for 1 week. Subsequently, they drank five cups/day of low-caffeine green tea for 2 weeks. Salivary α-amylase activity (sAA) was measured as a stress marker. Sleep stages were measured using a portable electroencephalography (n = 7, 6 female and 1 male). The level of sAA in the morning (sAAm) was significantly lower when the participants drank low-caffeine green tea than standard green tea. While the levels of sAAm were different among individuals, lower sAAm correlated with a higher quality of sleep. In those participants whose sAAm was lowered by the ingestion of low-caffeine green tea, some sleep parameters improved. Daily ingestion of low-caffeine green tea may be a beneficial tool for improving the quality of sleep of the elderly via the suppression of stress, although further research is required to fortify this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Unno
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.,Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Shigenori Noda
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Akio Morita
- Department of Functional Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Iguchi
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
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Reduced Stress and Improved Sleep Quality Caused by Green Tea Are Associated with a Reduced Caffeine Content. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070777. [PMID: 28753943 PMCID: PMC5537891 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, one of the main components in green tea, can interfere with sleep and block the effect of theanine. Since theanine, the main amino acid in tea leaves, has significant anti-stress effects in animals and humans, we examined the effects of green tea with lowered caffeine content, i.e., low-caffeine green tea (LCGT), on stress and quality of sleep of middle–aged individuals (n = 20, mean age 51.3 ± 6.7 years) in a double-blind crossover design. Standard green tea (SGT) was used as the control. These teas (≥300 mL/day), which were eluted with room temperature water, were consumed over a period of seven days after a single washout term. The level of salivary α-amylase activity (sAA), a stress marker, was significantly lower in participants that consumed LCGT (64.7 U/mL) than in those that consumed SGT (73.9 U/mL). Sleep quality was higher in participants that consumed a larger quantity of LCGT. In addition, a self-diagnostic check for accumulated fatigue was significantly lower in those participants that consumed LCGT than SGT. These results indicate that LCGT intake can reduce stress in middle-aged individuals and improve their quality of sleep. The reduction in caffeine is suggested to be a valid reason for enhancing the anti-stress effect of green tea.
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Unno K, Noda S, Kawasaki Y, Yamada H, Morita A, Iguchi K, Nakamura Y. Reduced Stress and Improved Sleep Quality Caused by Green Tea Are Associated with a Reduced Caffeine Content. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070777. [PMID: 28753943 DOI: 10.1080/07352689.2012.747384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, one of the main components in green tea, can interfere with sleep and block the effect of theanine. Since theanine, the main amino acid in tea leaves, has significant anti-stress effects in animals and humans, we examined the effects of green tea with lowered caffeine content, i.e., low-caffeine green tea (LCGT), on stress and quality of sleep of middle-aged individuals (n = 20, mean age 51.3 ± 6.7 years) in a double-blind crossover design. Standard green tea (SGT) was used as the control. These teas (≥300 mL/day), which were eluted with room temperature water, were consumed over a period of seven days after a single washout term. The level of salivary α-amylase activity (sAA), a stress marker, was significantly lower in participants that consumed LCGT (64.7 U/mL) than in those that consumed SGT (73.9 U/mL). Sleep quality was higher in participants that consumed a larger quantity of LCGT. In addition, a self-diagnostic check for accumulated fatigue was significantly lower in those participants that consumed LCGT than SGT. These results indicate that LCGT intake can reduce stress in middle-aged individuals and improve their quality of sleep. The reduction in caffeine is suggested to be a valid reason for enhancing the anti-stress effect of green tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Unno
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
- Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Shigenori Noda
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Akio Morita
- Department of Functional Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Iguchi
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Yoriyuki Nakamura
- Tea Science Center, Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
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40
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Petrakova L, Boy K, Mittmann L, Möller L, Engler H, Schedlowski M. Salivary alpha-amylase and noradrenaline responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone administration in humans. Biol Psychol 2017; 127:34-39. [PMID: 28472693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) is a digestive enzyme mainly responsible for the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen in the oral cavity. Since the secretion of sAA is largely under the control of the sympathetic nervous system, sAA activity is also considered to be a non-invasive marker of sympathetic activation. However, the direct association between sAA activity and other sympathetic parameters remains questionable. Therefore, we employed the corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test to pharmacologically activate the sympathetic nervous system and to analyze plasma noradrenaline response together with sAA activity. Thirty-one healthy male volunteers (mean age of 25.2±3.1years) were randomized into two groups and received injections with either CRH (100μg, N=17) or placebo (0.9% NaCl, N=14). Blood samples were taken at baseline and 15, 30, 60, 120min after injection. Results showed that CRH administration increased plasma noradrenaline and cortisol concentrations, sAA activity, heart rate, as well as self-reported side effects (i.e. flushing in the facial area, heart rate changes, giddiness, malaise and restlessness) and stress perception, while plasma adrenaline levels remained unaffected. In the CRH group, the total increase of sAA activity significantly correlated with noradrenaline release, indicating that sAA activity reflects pharmacologically induced sympathetic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubov Petrakova
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Karoline Boy
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Lisa Mittmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Lars Möller
- Clinic for Endocrinology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Engler
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Manfred Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
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41
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Villada C, Espin L, Hidalgo V, Rubagotti S, Sgoifo A, Salvador A. The influence of coping strategies and behavior on the physiological response to social stress in women: The role of age and menstrual cycle phase. Physiol Behav 2017; 170:37-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Allen AP, Kennedy PJ, Dockray S, Cryan JF, Dinan TG, Clarke G. The Trier Social Stress Test: Principles and practice. Neurobiol Stress 2016; 6:113-126. [PMID: 28229114 PMCID: PMC5314443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers interested in the neurobiology of the acute stress response in humans require a valid and reliable acute stressor that can be used under experimental conditions. The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) provides such a testing platform. It induces stress by requiring participants to make an interview-style presentation, followed by a surprise mental arithmetic test, in front of an interview panel who do not provide feedback or encouragement. In this review, we outline the methodology of the TSST, and discuss key findings under conditions of health and stress-related disorder. The TSST has unveiled differences in males and females, as well as different age groups, in their neurobiological response to acute stress. The TSST has also deepened our understanding of how genotype may moderate the cognitive neurobiology of acute stress, and exciting new inroads have been made in understanding epigenetic contributions to the biological regulation of the acute stress response using the TSST. A number of innovative adaptations have been developed which allow for the TSST to be used in group settings, with children, in combination with brain imaging, and with virtual committees. Future applications may incorporate the emerging links between the gut microbiome and the stress response. Future research should also maximise use of behavioural data generated by the TSST. Alternative acute stress paradigms may have utility over the TSST in certain situations, such as those that require repeat testing. Nonetheless, we expect that the TSST remains the gold standard for examining the cognitive neurobiology of acute stress in humans. The TSST is the human experimental gold standard for evaluating the neurobiology of acute stress. The HPA axis response to the TSST is higher in males and lower in older adults. Genotype and epigenetic factors moderate the neurobiological response to the TSST. Multiple adaptations of the TSST are available for different testing contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Allen
- APC Microbiome Institute, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul J Kennedy
- APC Microbiome Institute, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Samantha Dockray
- School of Applied Psychology, Enterprise Centre, University College Cork, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Institute, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Institute, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Institute, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry & Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Liew WS, Seera M, Loo CK, Lim E, Kubota N. Classifying Stress From Heart Rate Variability Using Salivary Biomarkers as Reference. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2016; 27:2035-2046. [PMID: 26340787 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2015.2468721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An accurate and noninvasive stress assessment from human physiology is a strenuous task. In this paper, a pattern recognition system to learn complex correlates between heart rate variability (HRV) features and salivary stress biomarkers is proposed. Using the Trier social stress test, heart rate and salivary measurements were obtained from volunteers under varying levels of stress induction. Measurements of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol were used as objective measures of stress, and were correlated with the HRV features using fuzzy ARTMAP (FAM). In improving the predictive ability of the ARTMAPs, techniques, such as genetic algorithms for parameter optimization and voting ensembles, were employed. The ensemble of FAMs can be used for predicting stress responses of salivary alpha-amylase or cortisol using heart rate measurements as the input. Using alpha-amylase as the stress indicator, the ensemble was able to classify stress from heart rate features with 75% accuracy, and 80% accuracy when cortisol was used.
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44
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Wan C, Couture-Lalande MÈ, Narain TA, Lebel S, Bielajew C. Salivary Alpha-Amylase Reactivity in Breast Cancer Survivors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:353. [PMID: 27023572 PMCID: PMC4847015 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The two main components of the stress system are the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) axes. While cortisol has been commonly used as a biomarker of HPA functioning, much less attention has been paid to the role of the SAM in this context. Studies have shown that long-term breast cancer survivors display abnormal reactive cortisol patterns, suggesting a dysregulation of their HPA axis. To fully understand the integrity of the stress response in this population, this paper explored the diurnal and acute alpha-amylase profiles of 22 breast cancer survivors and 26 women with no history of cancer. Results revealed that breast cancer survivors displayed identical but elevated patterns of alpha-amylase concentrations in both diurnal and acute profiles relative to that of healthy women, F (1, 39) = 17.95, p < 0.001 and F (1, 37) = 7.29, p = 0.010, respectively. The average area under the curve for the diurnal and reactive profiles was 631.54 ± 66.94 SEM and 1238.78 ± 111.84 SEM, respectively. This is in sharp contrast to their cortisol results, which showed normal diurnal and blunted acute patterns. The complexity of the stress system necessitates further investigation to understand the synergistic relationship of the HPA and SAM axes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Wan
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | | | - Tasha A Narain
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Sophie Lebel
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Catherine Bielajew
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
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45
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Puig-Perez S, Villada C, Pulopulos MM, Hidalgo V, Salvador A. How are neuroticism and depression related to the psychophysiological stress response to acute stress in healthy older people? Physiol Behav 2016; 156:128-36. [PMID: 26780150 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism and depressive symptomatology have been related to a heightened and diminished physiological stress response, which may partly explain their negative relationship with health and wellbeing. Identifying factors that may increase disease vulnerability is especially relevant in older people, whose physiological systems decline. With this in mind, we investigated the influence of neuroticism and depression on the psychophysiological stress response in healthy older people (from 55 to 76years old). A total of 36 volunteers were exposed to a stressful task (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST), while 35 volunteers performed a control non-stressful task. The physiological stress response was assessed through measures of cortisol, alpha-amylase, heart rate (HR). Our results showed that, neuroticism was not related to physiological stress response. However, depression was related to higher cortisol response and lower HR reactivity in the stress condition. In summary, emotional states such as depressive mood seem to amplify the cortisol stress response and reduce the cardiovascular response, whereas more stable dispositions such as neuroticism did not affect stress response in older people. These findings confirm, in healthy older people, the adverse effects of depression, acting on different subsystems of the stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Puig-Perez
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Carolina Villada
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Matias M Pulopulos
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Avd. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Jansen SWM, van Heemst D, van der Grond J, Westendorp R, Oei NYL. Physiological responding to stress in middle-aged males enriched for longevity: a social stress study. Stress 2016; 19:28-36. [PMID: 26453529 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2015.1105213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals enriched for familial longevity display a lower prevalence of age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular- and metabolic diseases. Since these diseases are associated with stress and increased cortisol levels, one of the underlying mechanisms that may contribute to healthy longevity might be a more adaptive response to stress. To investigate this, male middle-aged offspring from long-lived families (n = 31) and male non-offspring (with no familial history of longevity) (n = 26) were randomly allocated to the Trier Social Stress Test or a control condition in an experimental design. Physiological (cortisol, blood pressure, heart rate) and subjective responses were measured during the entire procedure. The results showed that Offspring had lower overall cortisol levels compared to Non-offspring regardless of condition, and lower absolute cortisol output (AUCg) during stress compared to Non-Offspring, while the increase (AUCi) did not differ between groups. In addition, systolic blood pressure in Offspring was lower compared to Non-offspring during the entire procedure. At baseline, Offspring had significantly lower systolic blood pressure and reported less subjective stress than Non-offspring and showed a trend towards lower heart rate. Offspring from long-lived families might thus be less stressed prior to potentially stressful events and consequently show overall lower levels in physiological responses. Although attenuated physiological responding cannot be ruled out, lower starting points and a lower peak level in physiological responding when confronted with an actual stressor, might already limit damage due to stress over a lifetime. Lower physiological responding may also contribute to the lower prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and other stress-related diseases in healthy longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeroen van der Grond
- b Department of Radiology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Rudi Westendorp
- a Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics and
- c Department of Public Health , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Nicole Y L Oei
- d Developmental Psychology (ADAPT-Lab), University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands , and
- e Amsterdam Brain and Cognition (ABC), University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
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Unno K, Noda S, Kawasaki Y, Iguchi K, Yamada H. Possible Gender Difference in Anti-stress Effect of β-Cryptoxanthin. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2016; 136:1255-62. [PMID: 27592828 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.16-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Unno
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Shigenori Noda
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Kazuaki Iguchi
- Department of Neurophysiology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Division of Drug Evaluation & Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka
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48
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Optimism and pessimism are related to different components of the stress response in healthy older people. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 98:213-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Hidalgo V, Pulopulos MM, Puig-Perez S, Espin L, Gomez-Amor J, Salvador A. Acute stress affects free recall and recognition of pictures differently depending on age and sex. Behav Brain Res 2015; 292:393-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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50
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Ycaza Herrera A, Mather M. Actions and interactions of estradiol and glucocorticoids in cognition and the brain: Implications for aging women. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 55:36-52. [PMID: 25929443 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Menopause involves dramatic declines in estradiol production and levels. Importantly, estradiol and the class of stress hormones known as glucocorticoids exert countervailing effects throughout the body, with estradiol exerting positive effects on the brain and cognition, glucocorticoids exerting negative effects on the brain and cognition, and estradiol able to mitigate negative effects of glucocorticoids. Although the effects of these hormones in isolation have been extensively studied, the effects of estradiol on the stress response and the neuroprotection offered against glucocorticoid exposure in humans are less well known. Here we review evidence suggesting that estradiol-related protection against glucocorticoids mitigates stress-induced interference with cognitive processes. Animal and human research indicates that estradiol-related mitigation of glucocorticoid damage and interference is one benefit of estradiol supplementation during peri-menopause or soon after menopause. The evidence for estradiol-related protection against glucocorticoids suggests that maintaining estradiol levels in post-menopausal women could protect them from stress-induced declines in neural and cognitive integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ycaza Herrera
- University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States.
| | - Mara Mather
- University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, United States.
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