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Anasiz Y, Ozgul RK, Uckan-Cetinkaya D. Turning Trash Into Treasure: A Simple Protocol for Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Isolation From Used Bone Marrow Collection Kits. Curr Protoc 2024; 4:e1032. [PMID: 38606955 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.1032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been extensively investigated in both preclinical and clinical settings. Recent years have witnessed the emergence of numerous isolation protocols and culture techniques, ranging from the selection of subpopulations to preserve stemness to preconditioning strategies aimed at enhancing therapeutic efficacy, tailored to the specific tissue source. In this protocol, we present a straightforward and cost-effective method for isolating human MSCs (hMSCs) from discarded bone marrow collection kits (comprising bag and filter systems) originally intended for removing impurities and unwanted cellular debris from the collected bone marrow aspirate, ensuring the purity of the stem cell population during stem cell transplantation. Utilizing basic laboratory equipment, we demonstrate the isolation of hMSCs, highlighting the expression of specific surface antigens, and multilineage differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages in vitro. This sustainable and resource-efficient approach not only contributes to reducing medical waste but also holds promise for advancing regenerative medicine applications. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of human mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow collection kits Basic Protocol 2: Culture of human mesenchymal stromal cells Basic Protocol 3: Characterization of human mesenchymal stromal cells with flow cytometry analysis Basic Protocol 4: Characterization of human mesenchymal stromal cells with multilineage differentiation under in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagiz Anasiz
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Current affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Riza Koksal Ozgul
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Uckan-Cetinkaya
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development (PEDI-STEM), Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Hematology Unit, Department of Child Health and Diseases, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Sattar MA, Lingens LF, Guillaume VGJ, Goetzl R, Beier JP, Ruhl T. Association between Donor Age and Osteogenic Potential of Human Adipose Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1424-1436. [PMID: 38392210 PMCID: PMC10887920 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) have multilineage differentiation capacity and hold great potential for regenerative medicine. Compared to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs), ASCs are easier to isolate from abundant sources with significantly higher yields. It is generally accepted that bmMSCs show age-related changes in their proliferation and differentiation potentials, whereas this aspect is still controversial in the case of ASCs. In this review, we evaluated the existing data on the effect of donor age on the osteogenic potential of human ASCs. Overall, a poor agreement has been achieved because of inconsistent findings in the previous studies. Finally, we attempted to delineate the possible reasons behind the lack of agreements reported in the literature. ASCs represent a heterogeneous cell population, and the osteogenic potential of ASCs can be influenced by donor-related factors such as age, but also gender, lifestyle, and the underlying health and metabolic state of donors. Furthermore, future studies should consider experimental factors in in vitro conditions, including passaging, cryopreservation, culture conditions, variations in differentiation protocols, and readout methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Sattar
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lara F Lingens
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Vincent G J Guillaume
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rebekka Goetzl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Justus P Beier
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Ruhl
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Ragni E, Piccolo S, Papait A, De Luca P, Taiana M, Grieco G, Silini AR, Parolini O, de Girolamo L. Stable Housekeeping Genes in Bone Marrow, Adipose Tissue, and Amniotic Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1461. [PMID: 38338737 PMCID: PMC10855448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been described for a variety of disorders, including those affecting musculoskeletal tissues. In this context, the literature reports several data about the regenerative effectiveness of MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and an amniotic membrane (BMSCs, ASCs, and hAMSCs, respectively), either when expanded or when acting as clinical-grade biologic pillars of products used at the point of care. To date, there is no evidence about the superiority of one source over the others from a clinical perspective. Therefore, a reliable characterization of the tissue-specific MSC types is mandatory to identify the most effective treatment, especially when tailored to the target disease. Because molecular characterization is a crucial parameter for cell definition, the need for reliable normalizers as housekeeping genes (HKGs) is essential. In this report, the stability levels of five commonly used HKGs (ACTB, EF1A, GAPDH, RPLP0, and TBP) were sifted into BMSCs, ASCs, and hAMSCs. Adult and fetal/neonatal MSCs showed opposite HKG stability rankings. Moreover, by analyzing MSC types side-by-side, comparison-specific HKGs emerged. The effect of less performant HKG normalization was also demonstrated in genes coding for factors potentially involved in and predicting MSC therapeutic activity for osteoarthritis as a model musculoskeletal disorder, where the choice of the most appropriate normalizer had a higher impact on the donors rather than cell populations when compared side-by-side. In conclusion, this work confirms HKG source-specificity for MSCs and suggests the need for cell-type specific normalizers for cell source or condition-tailored gene expression studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ragni
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy; (S.P.); (P.D.L.); (M.T.); (G.G.); (L.d.G.)
| | - Simona Piccolo
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy; (S.P.); (P.D.L.); (M.T.); (G.G.); (L.d.G.)
| | - Andrea Papait
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (A.P.); (O.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola De Luca
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy; (S.P.); (P.D.L.); (M.T.); (G.G.); (L.d.G.)
| | - Michela Taiana
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy; (S.P.); (P.D.L.); (M.T.); (G.G.); (L.d.G.)
| | - Giulio Grieco
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy; (S.P.); (P.D.L.); (M.T.); (G.G.); (L.d.G.)
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca “E. Menni”, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (A.P.); (O.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy; (S.P.); (P.D.L.); (M.T.); (G.G.); (L.d.G.)
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Lee CS, Lee M, Na K, Hwang HS. Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Therapy and Tissue Engineering Applications. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5278-5311. [PMID: 37867343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, stem cells and their secretomes have attracted great attention in biomedical applications, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are secretomes of cells for cell-to-cell communication. They play a role as intercellular messengers as they carry proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and therapeutic agents. They have also been utilized as drug-delivery vehicles due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, stability, targetability, and engineerable properties. The therapeutic potential of EVs can be further enhanced by surface engineering and modification using functional molecules such as aptamers, peptides, and antibodies. As a consequence, EVs hold great promise as effective delivery vehicles for enhancing treatment efficacy while avoiding side effects. Among various cell types that secrete EVs, stem cells are ideal sources of EVs because stem cells have unique properties such as self-renewal and regenerative potential for transplantation into damaged tissues that can facilitate their regeneration. However, challenges such as immune rejection and ethical considerations remain significant hurdles. Stem cell-derived EVs have been extensively explored as a cell-free approach that bypasses many challenges associated with cell-based therapy in cancer therapy and tissue regeneration. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge of various types of stem cells as a source of EVs, their engineering, and applications of EVs, focusing on cancer therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Sung Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kun Na
- Department of BioMedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sook Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Burgess JD, Amerna D, Norton ES, Parsons TM, Perkerson RB, Faroqi AH, Wszolek ZK, Guerrero Cazares H, Kanekiyo T, Delenclos M, McLean PJ. A mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase-based toolkit to assess induced-mesenchymal stromal cell secretome in mixed-culture disease models. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:289. [PMID: 37798772 PMCID: PMC10557244 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03515-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have a dynamic secretome that plays a critical role in tissue repair and regeneration. However, studying the MSC secretome in mixed-culture disease models remains challenging. This study aimed to develop a mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase-based toolkit (MetRSL274G) to selectively profile secreted proteins from MSCs in mixed-culture systems and demonstrate its potential for investigating MSC responses to pathological stimulation. METHODS We used CRISPR/Cas9 homology-directed repair to stably integrate MetRSL274G into cells, enabling the incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid, azidonorleucine (ANL), and facilitating selective protein isolation using click chemistry. MetRSL274G was integrated into both in H4 cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for a series of proof-of-concept studies. Following iPSC differentiation into induced-MSCs, we validated their identity and co-cultured MetRSL274G-expressing iMSCs with naïve or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated THP-1 cells. We then profiled the iMSC secretome using antibody arrays. RESULTS Our results showed successful integration of MetRSL274G into targeted cells, allowing specific isolation of proteins from mixed-culture environments. We also demonstrated that the secretome of MetRSL274G-expressing iMSCs can be differentiated from that of THP-1 cells in co-culture and is altered when co-cultured with LPS-treated THP-1 cells compared to naïve THP-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS The MetRSL274G-based toolkit we have generated enables selective profiling of the MSC secretome in mixed-culture disease models. This approach has broad applications for examining not only MSC responses to models of pathological conditions, but any other cell type that can be differentiated from iPSCs. This can potentially reveal novel MSC-mediated repair mechanisms and advancing our understanding of tissue regeneration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Burgess
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Regenerative Sciences Training Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Danilyn Amerna
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Emily S Norton
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Regenerative Sciences Training Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Tammee M Parsons
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Ralph B Perkerson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Ayman H Faroqi
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Zbigniew K Wszolek
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Hugo Guerrero Cazares
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Takahisa Kanekiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Marion Delenclos
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Pamela J McLean
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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Byrnes D, Masterson C, Brady J, Horie S, McCarthy SD, Gonzalez H, O’Toole D, Laffey J. Delayed MSC therapy enhances resolution of organized pneumonia induced by antibiotic resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1132749. [PMID: 37469663 PMCID: PMC10352103 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1132749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are a promising therapeutic for pneumonia-induced sepsis. Here we sought to determine the efficacy of delayed administration of naïve and activated bone marrow (BM), adipose (AD), and umbilical cord (UC) derived MSCs in organized antibiotic resistant Klebsiella pneumosepsis. Methods Human BM-, AD-, and UC-MSCs were isolated and expanded and used either in the naïve state or following cytokine pre-activation. The effect of MSC tissue source and activation status was assessed first in vitro. Subsequent experiments assessed therapeutic potential as a delayed therapy at 48 h post infection of rodents with Klebsiella pneumoniae, with efficacy assessed at 120 h. Results BM-, AD-, and UC-MSCs accelerated epithelial healing, increased phagocytosis, and reduced ROS-induced epithelial injury in vitro, with AD-MSCs less effective, and naïve MSCs more effective than pre-activated MSCs. Delayed MSC administration in pre-clinical organized Klebsiella pneumosepsis had no effect on physiologic indices, but enhanced resolution of structural lung injury. Delayed therapy with pre-activated MSCs reduced mRNA concentrations of fibrotic factors. Naïve MSC treatment reduced key circulating cell proportions and increased bacterial killing capacity in the lungs whereas pre-activated MSCs enhanced the phagocytic index of pulmonary white cells. Discussion Delayed MSC therapy enhanced resolution of lung injury induced by antibiotic resistant Klebsiella infection and favorably modulated immune cell profile. Overall, AD-MSCs were less effective than either UC- or BM-MSCs, while naïve MSCs had a more favorable effect profile compared to pre-activated MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan Byrnes
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Claire Masterson
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jack Brady
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shahd Horie
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sean D. McCarthy
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Hector Gonzalez
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Daniel O’Toole
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - John Laffey
- Anaesthesia, School of Medicine, Clinical Sciences Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Anaesthesia, Galway University Hospitals, SAOLTA University Hospital Group, Galway, Ireland
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Burgess JD, Amerna D, Norton ES, Parsons TM, Perkerson RB, Faroqi AH, Wszolek ZK, Cazares HG, Kanekiyo T, Delenclos M, McLean PJ. A Mutant Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase-Based toolkit to assess induced-Mesenchymal Stromal Cell secretome in mixed-culture disease models. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2838195. [PMID: 37205579 PMCID: PMC10187403 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2838195/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have a dynamic secretome that plays a critical role in tissue repair and regeneration. However, studying the MSC secretome in mixed-culture disease models remains challenging. This study aimed to develop a mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase-based toolkit (MetRS L274G ) to selectively profile secreted proteins from MSCs in mixed-culture systems and demonstrate its potential for investigating MSC responses to pathological stimulation. Methods We used CRISPR/Cas9 homology-directed repair to stably integrate MetRS L274G into cells, enabling the incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid, azidonorleucine (ANL), and facilitating selective protein isolation using click chemistry. MetRS L274G was integrated into both in H4 cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for a series of proof-of-concept studies. Following iPSC differentiation into induced-MSCs, we validated their identity and co-cultured MetRS L274G -expressing iMSCs with naïve or lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) treated THP-1 cells. We then profiled the iMSC secretome using antibody arrays. Results Our results showed successful integration of MetRS L274G into targeted cells, allowing specific isolation of proteins from mixed-culture environments. We also demonstrated that the secretome of MetRS L274G -expressing iMSCs can be differentiated from that of THP-1 cells in co-culture, and is altered when co-cultured with LPS-treated THP-1 cells compared to naïve THP-1 cells. Conclusions The MetRS L274G -based toolkit we have generated enables selective profiling of the MSC secretome in mixed-culture disease models. This approach has broad applications for examining not only MSC responses to models of pathological conditions, but any other cell type that can be differentiated from iPSCs. This can potentially reveal novel MSC-mediated repair mechanisms and advancing our understanding of tissue regeneration processes.
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Unnisa A, Dua K, Kamal MA. Mechanism of Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Multitarget Disease- Modifying Therapy for Parkinson's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:988-1000. [PMID: 35339180 PMCID: PMC10227913 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220327212414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders, affecting the basal nuclei, causing impairment of motor and cognitive functions. Loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons or their degeneration and the aggregation of Lewy bodies is the hallmark of this disease. The medications used to treat PD relieve the symptoms and maintain quality of life, but currently, there is no cure. There is a need for the development of therapies that can cease or perhaps reverse neurodegeneration effectively. With the rapid advancements in cell replacement therapy techniques, medical professionals are trying to find a cure by which restoration of dopamine neurotransmitters can occur. Researchers have started focusing on cell-based therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to their abundance in the body, the ability of proliferation, and immunomodulation. Here we review the MSC-based treatment in Parkinson's disease and the various mechanisms it repairs DAergic neurons in parkinsonian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Unnisa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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Isaković J, Šerer K, Barišić B, Mitrečić D. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for neurological disorders: The light or the dark side of the force? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1139359. [PMID: 36926687 PMCID: PMC10011535 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1139359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are recognized as major causes of death and disability worldwide. Because of this, they represent one of the largest public health challenges. With awareness of the massive burden associated with these disorders, came the recognition that treatment options were disproportionately scarce and, oftentimes, ineffective. To address these problems, modern research is increasingly looking into novel, more effective methods to treat neurological patients; one of which is cell-based therapies. In this review, we present a critical analysis of the features, challenges, and prospects of one of the stem cell types that can be employed to treat numerous neurological disorders-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Despite the fact that several studies have already established the safety of MSC-based treatment approaches, there are still some reservations within the field regarding their immunocompatibility, heterogeneity, stemness stability, and a range of adverse effects-one of which is their tumor-promoting ability. We additionally examine MSCs' mechanisms of action with respect to in vitro and in vivo research as well as detail the findings of past and ongoing clinical trials for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, glioblastoma multiforme, and multiple sclerosis. Finally, this review discusses prospects for MSC-based therapeutics in the form of biomaterials, as well as the use of electromagnetic fields to enhance MSCs' proliferation and differentiation into neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Isaković
- Omnion Research International, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Klara Šerer
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Barišić
- University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dinko Mitrečić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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10
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Sadri B, Tamimi A, Nouraein S, Bagheri Fard A, Mohammadi J, Mohammadpour M, Hassanzadeh M, Bajouri A, Madani H, Barekat M, Karimi Torshizi S, Malek M, Ghorbani Liastani M, Beheshti Maal A, Niknejadi M, Vosough M. Clinical and laboratory findings following transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in knee osteoarthritis, a brief report. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:663-674. [PMID: 35856397 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2074841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) injection has been proposed as an innovative treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Since, allogeneic MSCs can be available as off-the-shelf products, they are preferable in regenerative medicine. Among different sources for MSCs, adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) appear to be more available. METHODS Three patients with KOA were enrolled in this study. A total number of 100 × 106 AD-MSCs was injected intra-articularly, per affected knee. They were followed up for 6 months by the assessment of clinical outcomes, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and serum inflammatory biomarkers. RESULTS The primary outcome of this study was safety and feasibility of allogeneic AD-MSCs injection during the 6 months follow-up. Fortunately, no serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported. Assessment of secondary outcomes of visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and knee osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) indicated improvement in all patients. Comparison between baseline and endpoint findings of MRI demonstrated a slight improvement in two patients. In addition, decrease in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) indicated the possibility of reduced cartilage degeneration. Moreover, quantification of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels indicated that the host immune system immunomodulated after infusion of AD-MSCs. CONCLUSION Intra-articular injection of AD-MSCs is safe and could be effective in cartilage regeneration in KOA. Preliminary assessment after six-month follow-up suggests the potential efficacy of this intervention which would need to be confirmed in randomized controlled trials on a larger population. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (https://en.irct.ir/trial/46) in 24 April 2018 with identifier IRCT20080728001031N23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Sadri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Tamimi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Nouraein
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Bagheri Fard
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mohammadpour
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassanzadeh
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Bajouri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Madani
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Barekat
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahedeh Karimi Torshizi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahrooz Malek
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maede Ghorbani Liastani
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Beheshti Maal
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Niknejadi
- Department of Reproductive Imaging, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Osteogenic transdifferentiation of primary human fibroblasts to osteoblast-like cells with human platelet lysate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14686. [PMID: 36038602 PMCID: PMC9424276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited bone disorders account for about 10% of documented Mendelian disorders and are associated with high financial burden. Their study requires osteoblasts which play a critical role in regulating the development and maintenance of bone tissue. However, bone tissue is not always available from patients. We developed a highly efficient platelet lysate-based approach to directly transdifferentiate skin-derived human fibroblasts to osteoblast-like cells. We extensively characterized our in vitro model by examining the expression of osteoblast-specific markers during the transdifferentiation process both at the mRNA and protein level. The transdifferentiated osteoblast-like cells showed significantly increased expression of a panel of osteogenic markers. Mineral deposition and ALP activity were also shown, confirming their osteogenic properties. RNA-seq analysis allowed the global study of changes in the transcriptome of the transdifferentiated cells. The transdifferentiated cells clustered separately from the primary fibroblasts with regard to the significantly upregulated genes indicating a distinct transcriptome profile; transdifferentiated osteoblasts also showed significant enrichment in gene expression related to skeletal development and bone mineralization. Our presented in vitro model may potentially contribute to the prospect of studying osteoblast-dependent disorders in patient-derived cells.
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12
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How to maintain and transport equine adipose tissue for isolating mesenchymal stem cells? BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:284. [PMID: 35864533 PMCID: PMC9306088 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue (AT) is one of the most important mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sources because of its high quantities, availability and ease of collection. After being collected samples, they should be transported to a laboratory for stem cell (SC) isolation, culture and expansion for future clinical application. Usually, laboratories are distant from animal husbandry centers; therefore, it is necessary to provide suitable conditions for adipose tissue transportation, such that adipose-derived MSCs are minimally affected. In the current study, the impact of tissue maintenance under different conditions on MSCs derived from these tissues was evaluated. We aimed at finding suitable and practical transportation methods in which ASCs go through the slightest changes. RESULTS In the current study, after being collected, equine AT was randomized into eight groups: four samples were maintained in stem cell culture media at 25 οC and 4 οC for 6 and 12 hrs. as transportation via SC media groups. Three samples were frozen at three different temperatures (- 20, - 75 and - 196 οC) as cryopreserved groups; these samples were defrosted 1 week after cryopreservation. Fresh and unfrozen AT was evaluated as a control group. The tissue samples were then initiated into enzymatic digestion, isolation and the culturing of SCs. Cells at passage three were used to evaluate the ability to form colonies, proliferation rate, plotting of the cell growth curve, and viability rate. All experiments were performed in triplicate. Stem cell isolation was successful in all groups, although purification of SCs from the first series of cryopreservation at - 196 οC and two series of - 20 οC was unsuccessful. There was no significant difference between the surface area of colonies in all groups except for - 20 οC. The growth rate of transportation via stem cell media at 25 οC for 6 hrs. was similar to that of the control group. MTT analysis revealed a significant difference between 25 οC 12 hrs. Group and other experimental groups except for control, 4 οC 12 hrs. and - 196 οC group. CONCLUSION Data have shown freezing at - 75 οC, transportation via stem cell media at 4 οC for 12 hrs. and 25 οC for 6 hrs. are acceptable tissue preservation and transportation methods due to minor effects on MSCs features.
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13
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Hade MD, Suire CN, Mossell J, Suo Z. Extracellular vesicles: Emerging frontiers in wound healing. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:2102-2125. [PMID: 35757979 DOI: 10.1002/med.21918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are membranous particles, ranging from 30 nm to 10 µm in diameter, which are released by nearly all cell types to aid in intercellular communication. These complex vesicles carry a multitude of signaling moieties from their cell of origin, such as proteins, lipids, cell surface receptors, enzymes, cytokines, metabolites, and nucleic acids. A growing body of evidence suggests that in addition to delivering cargos into target cells to facilitate intercellular communication, extracellular vesicles may also play roles in such processes as cell differentiation and proliferation, angiogenesis, stress response, and immune signaling. As these vesicles have natural biocompatibility, stability in circulation, low toxicity, and low immunogenicity, and serve as efficient carriers of molecular cargos, these nanoparticles are ideal therapeutic candidates for regenerative medicine. Exploring and identifying the homeostatic functions of extracellular vesicles may facilitate the development of new regenerative therapies. In this review, we summarize the wound healing process, difficulties in stem cell therapies for regenerative medicine, and the applications of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in improving and accelerating the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangesh D Hade
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Caitlin N Suire
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - James Mossell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Zucai Suo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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Molnar V, Pavelić E, Vrdoljak K, Čemerin M, Klarić E, Matišić V, Bjelica R, Brlek P, Kovačić I, Tremolada C, Primorac D. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Effects in Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060949. [PMID: 35741711 PMCID: PMC9222975 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the insufficient satisfaction rates and high cost of operative treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), alternatives have been sought. Furthermore, the inability of current medications to arrest disease progression has led to rapidly growing clinical research relating to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The availability and function of MSCs vary according to tissue source. The three primary sources include the placenta, bone marrow, and adipose tissue, all of which offer excellent safety profiles. The primary mechanisms of action are trophic and immunomodulatory effects, which prevent the further degradation of joints. However, the function and degree to which benefits are observed vary significantly based on the exosomes secreted by MSCs. Paracrine and autocrine mechanisms prevent cell apoptosis and tissue fibrosis, initiate angiogenesis, and stimulate mitosis via growth factors. MSCs have even been shown to exhibit antimicrobial effects. Clinical results incorporating clinical scores and objective radiological imaging have been promising, but a lack of standardization in isolating MSCs prevents their incorporation in current guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilim Molnar
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Eduard Pavelić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Kristijan Vrdoljak
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.V.); (M.Č.)
| | - Martin Čemerin
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.V.); (M.Č.)
| | - Emil Klarić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Vid Matišić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Roko Bjelica
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Petar Brlek
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | | | | | - Dragan Primorac
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Medical School REGIOMED, 96450 Coburg, Germany
- Eberly College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Correspondence:
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15
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Coccini T, Spinillo A, Roccio M, Lenta E, Valsecchi C, De Simone U. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based in vitro Model for Neurotoxicity Testing. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e423. [PMID: 35471597 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity (NT) testing for regulatory purposes is based on in vivo animal testing. There is general consensus, however, about the need for the development of alternative methodologies to allow researchers to more rapidly and cost effectively screen large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause NT, or to investigate their mode of action. In vitro assays are considered an important source of information for making regulatory decisions, and human cell-based systems are recommended as one of the most relevant models in toxicity testing, to reduce uncertainty in the extrapolation of results from animal-based models. Human neuronal models range from various neuroblastoma cell lines to stem cell-derived systems, including those derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSC). hMSCs exhibit numerous advantages, including the fact that they can be obtained in high yield from healthy human adult tissues, can be cultured with a minimal laboratory setup and without genetic manipulations, are able of continuous and repeated self-renewal, are nontumorigenic, and can form large populations of stably differentiated cells representative of different tissues, including neuronal cells. hMSCs derived from human umbilical cord (hUC) in particular possess several prominent advantages, including a painless, non-invasive, and ethically acceptable collection procedure, simple and convenient preparation, and high proliferation capacity. In addition, hMSCs can be efficiently differentiated into neuron-like cells (hNLCs), which can then be used for the assessment of neuronal toxicity of potential neurotoxic compounds in humans. Here, we describe a step-by-step procedure to use hMSCs from the umbilical cord for in vitro neurotoxicity testing. First, we describe how to isolate, amplify, and store hMSCs derived from the umbilical cord. We then outline the steps to transdifferentiate these cells into hNLCs, and then use the hNLCs for neurotoxicity testing by employing multiple common cytotoxicity assays after treatment with test compounds. The approach follows the most updated guidance on using human cell-based systems. These protocols will allow investigators to implement an alternative system for obtaining primary NLCs of human origin, and support advancement in neurotoxicity research. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Isolation and maintenance of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) obtained from the umbilical cord lining membrane Basic Protocol 2: Transdifferentiation of hMSCs into neuron-like cells (hNLCs) and basic neurotoxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Coccini
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Arsenio Spinillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marianna Roccio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Lenta
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Cell Factory, Department of Maternal and Children's Health, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Valsecchi
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Cell Factory, Department of Maternal and Children's Health, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Uliana De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Toxicology, and Pavia Poison Centre-National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
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16
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Habib SA, Kamal MM, El-Maraghy SA, Senousy MA. Exendin-4 enhances osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells through the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B and osteoprotegerin signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:906-920. [PMID: 35338509 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to repair bone damage and defects has long been investigated. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK), its ligand (RANKL) and the decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis is crucial to keep the equilibrium between osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity. Exendin-4 utilization increased bone formation and enhanced bone integrity. This study aimed to investigate the mentioned axis and determine the effect of exendin-4 upon adipose mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) osteogenic differentiation. Ad-MSCs were isolated from rat epididymal fat, followed by characterization and then differentiation into osteocytes both in the presence or absence of exendin-4. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alizarin red staining and the expression of osteogenic markers; using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunoassay. MSCs derived from rat epididymal fat were isolated and characterized, along with their differentiation into osteocytes. The differentiated cells were alizarin red-stained, showing increased staining intensity upon addition of exendin-4. Moreover, the addition of exendin-4 elevated the messenger RNA expression levels of osteogenic markers; runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX-2), osteocalcin, and forkhead box protein O-1 while reducing the expression of the adipogenic marker peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. Exendin-4 addition elevated OPG levels in the supernatant of osteogenic differentiated cells. Moreover, exendin-4 elevated the protein levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor and RUNX-2, while decreasing both RANK and RANKL. In conclusion, osteogenic differentiation of Ad-MSCs is associated with increased osteoblastic rather than osteoclastic activity. The findings of this study suggest that exendin-4 can enhance Ad-MSCs osteogenic differentiation partially through the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Kamal
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shohda A El-Maraghy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Senousy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Jeyaraman M, Bingi SK, Muthu S, Jeyaraman N, Packkyarathinam RP, Ranjan R, Sharma S, Jha SK, Khanna M, Rajendran SNS, Rajendran RL, Gangadaran P. Impact of the Process Variables on the Yield of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9020057. [PMID: 35200410 PMCID: PMC8869489 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow (BM) has been highlighted as a promising source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) containing various growth factors and cytokines that can be potentially utilized in regenerative procedures involving cartilage and bone. However, the proportion of MSCs in the nucleated cell population of BM is only around 0.001% to 0.01% thereby making the harvesting and processing technique crucial for obtaining optimal results upon its use in various regenerative processes. Although several studies in the literature have given encouraging results on the utility of BM aspiration concentrate (BMAC) in various regenerative procedures, there is a lack of consensus concerning the harvesting variables such as choice of anesthetic agent to be used, site of harvest, size of the syringe to be used, anticoagulant of choice, and processing variables such as centrifugation time, and speed. In this review article, we aim to discuss the variables in the harvesting and processing technique of BMAC and their impact on the yield of MSCs in the final concentrate obtained from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600095, India;
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, India; (S.K.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Shiva Kumar Bingi
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, India; (S.K.B.); (M.K.)
- Fellow in Orthopaedic Rheumatology, Dr. RML National Law University, Lucknow 226010, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, India; (S.K.B.); (M.K.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul 624304, India
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (N.J.); (P.G.)
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, India; (S.K.B.); (M.K.)
- Fellow in Orthopaedic Rheumatology, Dr. RML National Law University, Lucknow 226010, India
- Fellow in Joint Replacement, Department of Orthopaedics, Atlas Hospitals, Tiruchirappalli 620002, India
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (N.J.); (P.G.)
| | | | - Rajni Ranjan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India;
| | - Manish Khanna
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow 226010, India; (S.K.B.); (M.K.)
- Department of Orthopaedics, Prasad Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226401, India
| | - Sree Naga Sowndary Rajendran
- Department of Medicine, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Puducherry 605102, India;
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (N.J.); (P.G.)
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18
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Shah S, Mudigonda S, Underhill TM, Salo PT, Mitha AP, Krawetz RJ. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:200-212. [PMID: 35259263 PMCID: PMC8929447 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Shah
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sathvika Mudigonda
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tully Michael Underhill
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul T Salo
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alim P Mitha
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Roman J Krawetz
- Corresponding author: Roman J. Krawetz, McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, HRIC 3AA10, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Forskolin-Loaded Halloysite Nanotubes as Osteoconductive Additive for the Biopolymer Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223949. [PMID: 34833247 PMCID: PMC8619346 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the use of forskolin-modified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) as a dopant for biopolymer porous hydrogel scaffolds to impart osteoinductive properties. Forskolin is a labdane diterpenoid isolated from the Indian Coleus plant. This small molecule is widely used as a supplement in molecular biology for cell differentiation. It has been reported in some earlier publications that forskolin can activate osteodifferentiation process by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP) signalling activation in stem cells. In presented study it was demonstrated that forskolin release from halloysite-doped scaffolds induced the osteodifferentiation of equine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro without addition of any specific growth factors. The reinforcement of mechanical properties of cells and intercellular space during the osteodifferentiation was demonstrated using atomic force microscopy (AFM). These clay-doped scaffolds may find applications to accelerate the regeneration of horse bone defects by inducing the processes of osteodifferentiation of endogenous MSCs.
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Sharma S, Muthu S, Jeyaraman M, Ranjan R, Jha SK. Translational products of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells: Bench to bedside applications. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1360-1381. [PMID: 34786149 PMCID: PMC8567449 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With developments in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the use of biological products for the treatment of various disorders has come into the limelight among researchers and clinicians. Among all the available biological tissues, research and exploration of adipose tissue have become more robust. Adipose tissue engineering aims to develop by-products and their substitutes for their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential. The use of biodegradable scaffolds along with adipose tissue products has a major role in cellular growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Adipose tissue, apart from being the powerhouse of energy storage, also functions as the largest endocrine organ, with the release of various adipokines. The progenitor cells among the heterogeneous population in the adipose tissue are of paramount importance as they determine the capacity of regeneration of these tissues. The results of adipose-derived stem-cell assisted fat grafting to provide numerous growth factors and adipokines that improve vasculogenesis, fat graft integration, and survival within the recipient tissue and promote the regeneration of tissue are promising. Adipose tissue gives rise to various by-products upon processing. This article highlights the significance and the usage of various adipose tissue by-products, their individual characteristics, and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu 624304, India
- Research Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226010, India
- Research Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Rajni Ranjan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306, India
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Putri KT, Prasetyono TOH. A critical review on the potential role of adipose-derived stem cells for future treatment of hypertrophic scars. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:1913-1919. [PMID: 34619011 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have recently gained researchers' interest as a solution to various diseases and conditions, including hypertrophic scar. This literature review aims to elucidate ASCs as a potential solution to alleviate hypertrophic scar in human subjects. METHODS Literature search was done in databases which includes PubMed, MEDLINE, and ProQuest using terms 'adipose derived stem cells', 'adipose cells', 'fat graft', 'fat grafting', 'autologous fat graft', 'fat injection', 'lipofilling', 'scar management', 'scar treatment', 'burn scar', and 'wound management'. The included articles which were published during year 2000-November 2020 must describe the use of ASCs or fat grafting or lipofilling as an attempt to alleviate hypertrophic scar. REMARKS Clinically, ASCs improve hypertrophic scars in terms of scar color, elasticity, texture, thickness, and size. Histologically, ASCs promotes healthy tissue regeneration, reduction in fibroblasts, and reorganisation of collagen, resembling those of normal skin. In terms of molecular aspects, ASCs alleviates hypertrophic scars through direct differentiation and paracrine mechanisms. CONCLUSION Adipose-derived stem cells, emerge to be a potential solution for alleviating hypertrophic scar, as demonstrated in various studies. However, there has been no studies conducted in human subjects to investigate the effect of ASCs on hypertrophic scar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Teja Putri
- Undergraduate Study Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Theddeus Octavianus Hari Prasetyono
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Applications in Regenerative Medicine. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081959. [PMID: 34440728 PMCID: PMC8393426 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles, produced within multivesicular bodies, that are then released into the extracellular space through a merging of the multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. These vesicles are secreted by almost all cell types to aid in a vast array of cellular functions, including intercellular communication, cell differentiation and proliferation, angiogenesis, stress response, and immune signaling. This ability to contribute to several distinct processes is due to the complexity of exosomes, as they carry a multitude of signaling moieties, including proteins, lipids, cell surface receptors, enzymes, cytokines, transcription factors, and nucleic acids. The favorable biological properties of exosomes including biocompatibility, stability, low toxicity, and proficient exchange of molecular cargos make exosomes prime candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Exploring the functions and molecular payloads of exosomes can facilitate tissue regeneration therapies and provide mechanistic insight into paracrine modulation of cellular activities. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of exosome biogenesis, composition, and isolation methods. We also discuss emerging healing properties of exosomes and exosomal cargos, such as microRNAs, in brain injuries, cardiovascular disease, and COVID-19 amongst others. Overall, this review highlights the burgeoning roles and potential applications of exosomes in regenerative medicine.
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Al Naem M, Bourebaba L, Kucharczyk K, Röcken M, Marycz K. Therapeutic mesenchymal stromal stem cells: Isolation, characterization and role in equine regenerative medicine and metabolic disorders. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:301-322. [PMID: 31797146 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have become a popular treatment modality in equine orthopaedics. Regenerative therapies are especially interesting for pathologies like complicated tendinopathies of the distal limb, osteoarthritis, osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and more recently metabolic disorders. Main sources for MSC harvesting in the horse are bone marrow, adipose tissue and umbilical cord blood. While the acquisition of umbilical cord blood is fairly easy and non-invasive, extraction of bone marrow and adipose tissue requires more invasive techniques. Characterization of the stem cells as a result of any isolation method, is also a crucial step for the confirmation of the cells' stemness properties; thus, three main characteristics must be fulfilled by these cells, namely: adherence, expression of a series of well-defined differentiation clusters as well as pluripotency. EVs, resulting from the paracrine action of MSCs, also play a key role in the therapeutic mechanisms mediated by stem cells; MSC-EVs are thus largely implicated in the regulation of proliferation, maturation, polarization and migration of various target cells. Evidence that EVs alone represent a complex network 0involving different soluble factors and could then reflect biophysical characteristics of parent cells has fuelled the importance of developing highly specific techniques for their isolation and analysis. All these aspects related to the functional and technical understanding of MSCs will be discussed and summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Al Naem
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.,International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa, 11, Malin, 55-114, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kucharczyk
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michael Röcken
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Gießen, Germany. .,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland. .,International Institute of Translational Medicine, Jesionowa, 11, Malin, 55-114, Wisznia Mała, Poland.
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Buzaboon N, Alshammary S. Clinical Applicability of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 13:117-136. [PMID: 33364786 PMCID: PMC7751722 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s268940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Osteoarthritis causes a progressive deterioration to the protective cartilage between the joints leading to chronic pain and disability. This review focuses on the intrinsic potential of MSCs to stabilize and repair the cartilage tissue of the knee joint in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients. Methods An online search through the PubMed database was conducted, limiting the search to the English language and human clinical trials within the past 5 years. Twenty-one clinical trials passed the inclusion criteria. Combined, those trials involved the participation of 589 patients where the progress of the treatments was monitored between a 4-month to 7-years period. The cartilage volume and defects were observed through an MRI to provide an objective assessment. While the pain and knee function were monitored using KOOS, VAS, and WOMAC scoring scales providing a subjective assessment. Results MRI scans obtained from clinical trials demonstrate a slowed progression of cartilage degeneration and early signs of cartilage regeneration in KOA patients at the 12-month follow-up period. No major adverse effects were observed post-intervention. The overall KOOS, WOMAC, and VAS scores in patients receiving MSC treatment were reduced, suggesting subjective improvements in knee function and pain reduction when compared to patients in the placebo group. Conclusion The use of MSC therapy is a valid form of treatment for KOA as it targets the disease itself rather than the symptoms. We found MSC therapy in KOA patients to be safe, effective, and feasible in its execution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Buzaboon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sfoug Alshammary
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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Ofiteru AM, Becheru DF, Gharbia S, Balta C, Herman H, Mladin B, Ionita M, Hermenean A, Burns JS. Qualifying Osteogenic Potency Assay Metrics for Human Multipotent Stromal Cells: TGF-β2 a Telling Eligible Biomarker. Cells 2020; 9:E2559. [PMID: 33260388 PMCID: PMC7760953 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Potency assays are critical for regenerative medicine, addressing the known challenge of functional heterogeneity among human multipotent stromal cells (hMSC). Necessary laboratory cell expansion allows analysis before implantation in the patient. Levels of induction of five signature gene biomarkers, ALPL, COL1A2, DCN, ELN and RUNX2, constituted a previously reported proof-of-principle osteogenic potency assay. We tested assay modification to enhance reproducibility using six consistent bone marrow derived hBM-MSC and explored applicability to three adipose tissue derived hAT-MSC. Using a potent proprietary osteogenic induction factor, the GUSB/YWAHZ reference gene pair provided real time PCR consistency. The novel assay conditions supported the concept that genes encoding extracellular matrix proteins one week after osteogenic induction were informative. Nonetheless, relatively low induction of COL1A2 and ELN encouraged search for additional biomarkers. TGFB2 mRNA induction, important for osteogenic commitment, was readily quantifiable in both hBM-MSC and hAT-MSC. Combined with DCN, TGFB2 mRNA induction data provided discriminatory power for resolving donor-specific heterogeneity. Histomorphometric decorin and TGF-β2 protein expression patterns in eight-week heterotopic bone implants also discriminated the two non-bone-forming hMSC. We highlight progress towards prompt osteogenic potency assays, needed by current clinical trials to accelerate improved intervention with enhanced stem cell therapy for serious bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin M. Ofiteru
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Diana F. Becheru
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sami Gharbia
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Cornel Balta
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Hildegard Herman
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Bianca Mladin
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Mariana Ionita
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
| | - Anca Hermenean
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (S.G.); (C.B.); (H.H.); (B.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Jorge S. Burns
- Faculty of Medical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (D.F.B.); (M.I.)
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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26
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Samadani AA, Keymoradzdeh A, Shams S, Soleymanpour A, Rashidy-Pour A, Hashemian H, Vahidi S, Norollahi SE. CAR T-cells profiling in carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis: An overview of CAR T-cells cancer therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107201. [PMID: 33249047 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy of cancer by chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) modified T-cell has a remarkable clinical potential for malignancies. Meaningly, it is a suitable cancer therapy to treat different solid tumors. CAR is a special recombinant protein combination with an antibody targeting structure alongside with signaling domain capacity on order to activate T cells. It is confirmed that the CAR-modified T cells have this ability to terminate and remove B cell malignancies. So, methodologies for investigations the pro risks and also strategies for neutralizing possible off-tumor consequences of are great importance successful protocols and strategies of CAR T-cell therapy can improve the efficacy and safety of this type of cancers. In this review article, we try to classify and illustrate main optimized plans in cancer CAR T-cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Samadani
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Arman Keymoradzdeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Shima Shams
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Armin Soleymanpour
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Houman Hashemian
- Pediatrics Diseases Research Center, 17 Shahrivar Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sogand Vahidi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Elham Norollahi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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27
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Liubaviciute A, Ivaskiene T, Biziuleviciene G. Modulated mesenchymal stromal cells improve skin wound healing. Biologicals 2020; 67:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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A highly efficient non-viral process for programming mesenchymal stem cells for gene directed enzyme prodrug cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14257. [PMID: 32868813 PMCID: PMC7458920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) driven gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy has emerged as a potential strategy for cancer treatment. The tumour-nesting properties of MSCs enable these vehicles to target tumours and metastases with effective therapies. A crucial step in engineering MSCs is the delivery of genetic material with low toxicity and high efficiency. Due to the low efficiency of current transfection methods, viral vectors are used widely to modify MSCs in preclinical and clinical studies. We show, for the first time, the high transfection efficiency (> 80%) of human adipose tissue derived-MSCs (AT-MSCs) using a cost-effective and off-the-shelf Polyethylenimine, in the presence of histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor and fusogenic lipids. Notably, the phenotypes of MSCs remained unchanged post-modification. AT-MSCs engineered with a fused transgene, yeast cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (CDy::UPRT) displayed potent cytotoxic effects against breast, glioma, gastric cancer cells in vitro. The efficiency of eliminating gastric cell lines were effective even when using 7-day post-transfected AT-MSCs, indicative of the sustained expression and function of the therapeutic gene. In addition, significant inhibition of temozolomide resistant glioma tumour growth in vivo was observed with a single dose of therapeutic MSC. This study demonstrated an efficient non-viral modification process for MSC-based prodrug therapy.
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Castro-Oropeza R, Vazquez-Santillan K, Díaz-Gastelum C, Melendez-Zajgla J, Zampedri C, Ferat-Osorio E, Rodríguez-González A, Arriaga-Pizano L, Maldonado V. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote the malignant phenotype of cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14205. [PMID: 32848147 PMCID: PMC7450089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies indicate that obesity negatively affects the progression and treatment of cervical-uterine cancer. Recent evidence shows that a subpopulation of adipose-derived stem cells can alter cancer properties. In the present project, we described for the first time the impact of adipose-derived stem cells over the malignant behavior of cervical cancer cells. The transcriptome of cancer cells cultured in the presence of stem cells was analyzed using RNA-seq. Changes in gene expression were validated using digital-PCR. Bioinformatics tools were used to identify the main transduction pathways disrupted in cancer cells due to the presence of stem cells. In vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to validate cellular and molecular processes altered in cervical cancer cells owing to stem cells. Our results show that the expression of 95 RNAs was altered in cancer cells as a result of adipose-derived stem cells. Experimental assays indicate that stem cells provoke an increment in migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis of cancer cells; however, no alterations were found in proliferation. Bioinformatics and experimental analyses demonstrated that the NF-kappa B signaling pathway is enriched in cancer cells due to the influence of adipose-derived stem cells. Interestingly, the tumor cells shift their epithelial to a mesenchymal morphology, which was reflected by the increased expression of specific mesenchymal markers. In addition, stem cells also promote a stemness phenotype in the cervical cancer cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that adipose-derived stem cells induce cervical cancer cells to acquire malignant features where NF-kappa B plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Castro-Oropeza
- Epigenetics Laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karla Vazquez-Santillan
- Epigenetics Laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Díaz-Gastelum
- Epigenetics Laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Functional Genomics Laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Zampedri
- Functional Genomics Laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ferat-Osorio
- Gastrosurgery Service, UMAE, National Medical Center "Siglo XXI", Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Rodríguez-González
- Gastrosurgery Service, UMAE, National Medical Center "Siglo XXI", Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Arriaga-Pizano
- Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, National Medical Center "Siglo XXI", Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vilma Maldonado
- Epigenetics Laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico.
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De Bleye C, Fontaine M, Dumont E, Sacré PY, Hubert P, Theys N, Ziemons E. Raman imaging as a new analytical tool for the quality control of the monitoring of osteogenic differentiation in forming 3D bone tissue. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 186:113319. [PMID: 32361470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are used to produce 3D bone grafts. The safety and the feasibility of using these bone grafts have been already showed and quality controls are already implemented. However, a cheaper, fast and non-destructive technique is required to monitor the osteogenic differentiation process. Here, the use of Raman imaging to monitor the synthesis of the extracellular matrix and its progressive mineralization occurring during the osteogenic differentiation process is investigated for the first time on a 3D in forming bone tissue. The attention was focused on Raman bands related to this matrix belonging to phosphate, phenylalanine and hydroxyproline, which are very distinctive and intense. The kinetic of the osteogenic differentiation process was first compared between a 2D and a 3D forming bone tissue. It was observed that the kinetics of the osteogenic differentiation process is slower in 3D in forming bone tissue. In a second step, an evaluation of the reliability of the Raman imaging method was performed including a study of the influence of the harvest biopsies position on the forming 3D bone tissue. The repeatability and the specificity of this method were also demonstrated. In a last step, several batches of ASCs were cultured and analyzed in 3D at different time points using Raman imaging. From the mean Raman spectra, mineral to matrix ratios (MTMR) were determined and used to evaluate the formation of mineral deposits accompanying the extracellular matrix synthesis which is indicative of an ongoing osteogenic differentiation process. These ratios peaked between the day 35 and 49. This observation was very interesting since it corresponds to the time at which the 3D bone grafts are used for the patient surgery. To conclude, Raman imaging allowed fast acquisition and time-resolved monitoring in vitro of the mineralization of extracellular matrix during osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C De Bleye
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, Vibra-Santé HUB, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, CHU, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - M Fontaine
- Novadip Biosciences, Rue Grandbonpré 11, 1435 Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium
| | - E Dumont
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, Vibra-Santé HUB, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, CHU, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - P-Y Sacré
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, Vibra-Santé HUB, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, CHU, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Ph Hubert
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, Vibra-Santé HUB, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, CHU, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - N Theys
- Novadip Biosciences, Rue Grandbonpré 11, 1435 Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium
| | - E Ziemons
- University of Liege (ULiege), CIRM, Vibra-Santé HUB, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, CHU, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B36, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Moradikhah F, Doosti-Telgerd M, Shabani I, Soheili S, Dolatyar B, Seyedjafari E. Microfluidic fabrication of alendronate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Life Sci 2020; 254:117768. [PMID: 32407840 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In this study, we used a cross-junction microfluidic device for preparation of alendronate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles with desired characteristics to introduce a suitable element for bone tissue engineering scaffolds. MAIN METHODS By controlling the reaction condition in microfluidic device, six types of alendronate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were fabricated which had different physical properties. Hydrodynamic diameter of synthetized particles was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (102 to 215 nm). Nanoparticle morphology was determined by SEM and AFM images. The osteogenic effects of prepared selected nanoparticles on human adipose stem cells (hA-MSCs) were evaluated by assessment of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, ALP and osteopontin gene expression. KEY FINDINGS The highest loading efficiency percentage (%LE) was %32.42 ± 2.02. Based on MTT assessment, two samples which had no significant cytotoxicity were chosen for further studies (particle sizes and %LE were 142 ± 6.1 nm, 198 ± 16.56 nm, %16.76 ± 3.91 and %32.42 ± 2.02, respectively). In vitro release behavior of nanoparticles displayed pH responsive characteristics. Significant faster release was seen in acidic pH = 5.8 than neutral pH = 7.4. The selected nanoparticles demonstrated higher ALP activity at 14 days in comparison to selected blank sample and osteogenic differentiation media (ODM) and a downregulation at 21 days in comparison to 14 days. Calcium content assay at 21 days displayed significant differences between alendronate-loaded nanoparticles and ODM. ALP and osteopontin mRNA expression was significantly higher than the cells cultured in ODM at 14 and 21 days. SIGNIFICANCE We concluded that our prepared nanoparticles significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of hA-MSCs and can be a suitable compartment of bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Moradikhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Doosti-Telgerd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Comprehensive Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iman Shabani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shima Soheili
- Department of Polymer and Color Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Dolatyar
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Seyedjafari
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Ehlert M, Roszek K, Jędrzejewski T, Bartmański M, Radtke A. Titania Nanofiber Scaffolds with Enhanced Biointegration Activity-Preliminary In Vitro Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5642. [PMID: 31718064 PMCID: PMC6888681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing need for novel bone replacement materials has been driving numerous studies on modifying their surface to stimulate osteogenic cells expansion and to accelerate bone tissue regeneration. The goal of the presented study was to optimize the production of titania-based bioactive materials with high porosity and defined nanostructure, which supports the cell viability and growth. We have chosen to our experiments TiO2 nanofibers, produced by chemical oxidation of Ti6Al4V alloy. Fibrous nanocoatings were characterized structurally (X-ray diffraction (XRD)) and morphologically (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)). The wettability of the coatings and their mechanical properties were also evaluated. We have investigated the direct influence of the modified titanium alloy surfaces on the survival and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSCs). In parallel, proliferation of bone tissue cells-human osteoblasts MG-63 and connective tissue cells - mouse fibroblasts L929, as well as cell viability in co-cultures (osteoblasts/ADSCs and fibroblasts/ADSCs has been studied. The results of our experiments proved that among all tested nanofibrous coatings, the amorphous titania-based ones were the most optimal scaffolds for the integration and proliferation of ADSCs, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts. Thus, we postulated these scaffolds to have the osteopromotional potential. However, from the co-culture experiments it can be concluded that ADSCs have the ability to functionalize the initially unfavorable surface, and make it suitable for more specialized and demanding cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Ehlert
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Nano-Implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Roszek
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (K.R.); (T.J.)
| | - Tomasz Jędrzejewski
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (K.R.); (T.J.)
| | - Michał Bartmański
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Radtke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Nano-Implant Ltd., Gagarina 5/102, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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