1
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Park J, Song M, Hwang K, Bae H. Start-up strategy of single-stage partial nitrification-anammox process for anaerobic digestion effluent. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131213. [PMID: 39098357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to improve the nitrogen removal efficiency and reduce the start-up period of a single-stage partial nitritation-anammox (SPNA) system using iron particle-integrated anammox granules (IP-IAGs). Anammox granules were enriched in sequencing batch and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors. The EGSB reactor produced larger and more uniform granules with higher specific anammox activity. IP-IAGs were then inoculated into a two-stage partial nitritation-anammox reactor treating anaerobic digestion (AD) effluent, followed by an internal recirculation strategy to acclimate the granules to oxygen exposure for SPNA. Finally, the SPNA process operated to treat real AD effluent under optimal conditions of 0.05 L/min aeration intensity (0.01 vvm) and 24 h of hydraulic retention time, achieving TNRE of 86.01 ± 2.64 % and nitrogen removal rate of 0.74 ± 0.04 kg-N/m3·d for 101 d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Song
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwanghyun Hwang
- RIF Tech, Environment Solution Research Team, GS E&C, GRAN SEOUL, 33 Jong-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03159, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyokwan Bae
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Wang Q, Wang J, Chen YP, Shen Y, Yan P. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species in Candidatus Brocadia fulgida through nanocompartments. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024:131348. [PMID: 39182796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The antioxidant defense mechanisms for anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) bacteria are still unclear. In this study, the potential antioxidant ability of nanocompartments in Candidatus Brocadia fulgida to typical reactive oxygen species (ROS) was investigated. The results showed that the copies of genes involved in anammox central metabolism were inhibited with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), while the genes encoded putative anti-oxidative protein (nanocompartments and cargo HAO) up-regulated. The genetically engineered bacteria grew better and maintained the lower ROS levels (65.60 %-78.07 %) and higher electron transport activities (∼5-21 times) than the wild bacteria under H2O2 stimulus. Molecular docking confirmed that nanocompartment proteins could provide diverse sites to bind with H2O2 based on heme as the redox center. Additionally, the nanocompartments induced up-regulation of multiple protective pathways for coping with oxidative stress from H2O2, including antioxidant enzymes and other non-enzymatic pathways. Thus, the heme-containing nanocompartments presented great potential in preventing and relieving oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Que Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - You-Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yu Shen
- National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environments of MOE, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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3
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Ye W, Yan J, Yan J, Lin JG, Ji Q, Li Z, Ganjidoust H, Huang L, Li M, Zhang H. Potential electron acceptors for ammonium oxidation in wastewater treatment system under anoxic condition: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118984. [PMID: 38670211 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation has been considered as an environmental-friendly and energy-efficient biological nitrogen removal (BNR) technology. Recently, new reaction pathway for ammonium oxidation under anaerobic condition had been discovered. In addition to nitrite, iron trivalent, sulfate, manganese and electrons from electrode might be potential electron acceptors for ammonium oxidation, which can be coupled to traditional BNR process for wastewater treatment. In this paper, the pathway and mechanism for ammonium oxidation with various electron acceptors under anaerobic condition is studied comprehensively, and the research progress of potentially functional microbes is summarized. The potential application of various electron acceptors for ammonium oxidation in wastewater is addressed, and the N2O emission during nitrogen removal is also discussed, which was important greenhouse gas for global climate change. The problems remained unclear for ammonium oxidation by multi-electron acceptors and potential interactions are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jih-Gaw Lin
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu City, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Qixing Ji
- The Earth, Ocean and atmospheric sciences thrust (EOAS), Hong Gong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), 511442, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilei Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hossein Ganjidoust
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University, 14115-397, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongguo Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou University-Linköping University Research Center on Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, 510006, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Yan X, Liu D, Klok JBM, de Smit SM, Buisman CJN, ter Heijne A. Enhancement of Ammonium Oxidation at Microoxic Bioanodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11561-11571. [PMID: 37498945 PMCID: PMC10413939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are considered to be energy-efficient to convert ammonium, which is present in wastewater. The application of BESs as a technology to treat wastewater on an industrial scale is hindered by the slow removal rate and lack of understanding of the underlying ammonium conversion pathways. This study shows ammonium oxidation rates up to 228 ± 0.4 g-N m-3 d-1 under microoxic conditions (dissolved oxygen at 0.02-0.2 mg-O2/L), which is a significant improvement compared to anoxic conditions (120 ± 21 g-N m-3 d-1). We found that this enhancement was related to the formation of hydroxylamine (NH2OH), which is rate limiting in ammonium oxidation by ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms. NH2OH was intermediate in both the absence and presence of oxygen. The dominant end-product of ammonium oxidation was dinitrogen gas, with about 75% conversion efficiency in the presence of a microoxic level of dissolved oxygen and 100% conversion efficiency in the absence of oxygen. This work elucidates the dominant pathways under microoxic and anoxic conditions which is a step toward the application of BESs for ammonium removal in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Yan
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dandan Liu
- Paqell
B.V., Reactorweg 301, 3542 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes B. M. Klok
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne M. de Smit
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees J. N. Buisman
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wetsus,
European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek ter Heijne
- Environmental
Technology, Wageningen University &
Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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5
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Wang C, Liu Y, Huang M, Xiang W, Wang Z, Wu X, Zan F, Zhou T. A rational strategy of combining Fenton oxidation and biological processes for efficient nitrogen removal in toxic coking wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127897. [PMID: 36075350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Effective removal of nitrogen from coking wastewaters is a great challenge, since conventional biological technologies commonly suffer from concentrated bio-toxic components such as phenolic compounds and thiocyanide (SCN-). This study has successfully developed a novel ternary process for efficiently removing nitrogen from a practical coking wastewater, by rationally combined biological pretreatment, Fenton sub-pretreatment and final partial nitrification-denitrification (PN) process. It was noted that the oxic biological pretreatment (OP) could degrade above 80 % of COD and SCN- in the wastewater, by adopting the pristine coking wastewater sludge. Fenton sub-pretreatment would further degrade the residual toxic organics and protect the metabolic activity of nitrobacteria and denitrobacteria, realizing the efficient removal of NH4+-N and TN that occurred in the final PN process with self-cultivated sludge. This work can provide an interesting strategy by rationally combining biological-physicochemical processes for nitrogen removal in toxic industrial wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yaming Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Mingjie Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Wei Xiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Feixiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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6
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Pandey B, Chen L. Technologies to recover nitrogen from livestock manure - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147098. [PMID: 33901956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Today, the livestock industry is considered to be one of the biggest emitters of ammonia in the world. The nitrogen present in livestock manure has been linked to the contamination of water bodies. Livestock manures contain a significant quantity of recoverable nitrogen. Recovering nitrogen from livestock manure can minimize negative environmental consequences. This also presents an opportunity to generate some revenue by converting the captured nitrogen to marketable nitrogenous fertilizers. Substantial research efforts have been made toward recovering nitrogen from raw as well as digested livestock manures over the last decade. Many novel technologies as well as ones that have already been implemented to recover nitrogen from municipal wastewaters have been studied for their use in the livestock sector. This paper reviews the common manure nitrogen-recovery technologies reported in the literature, summarizes their efficiencies, discusses their pros and cons, and identifies the areas for future research. Owing to their higher ammonia recovery efficiencies, relatively fewer drawbacks, lower costs, and ability to produce ammonium fertilizers, air stripping by direct aeration, thermal vacuum stripping, and gas-permeable membrane stripping appear to be the most viable choices for livestock farmers. Further studies should focus on the economic feasibility, long-term performance on the manure of varying strengths, and the quality of recovered nitrogenous products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu Pandey
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Avenue, P.O. Box 1827, Twin Falls, ID 83303-1827, United States of America
| | - Lide Chen
- Department of Soil and Water Systems, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, 315 Falls Avenue, P.O. Box 1827, Twin Falls, ID 83303-1827, United States of America.
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7
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Weralupitiya C, Wanigatunge R, Joseph S, Athapattu BCL, Lee TH, Kumar Biswas J, Ginige MP, Shiung Lam S, Senthil Kumar P, Vithanage M. Anammox bacteria in treating ammonium rich wastewater: Recent perspective and appraisal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 334:125240. [PMID: 33964811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of anammox process has provided eco-friendly and low-cost means of treating ammonia rich wastewater with remarkable efficiency. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that the possibility of operating the anammox process under low temperatures and high organic matter contents broadening the application of the anammox process. However, short doubling time and extensive levels of sensitivity towards nutrients and environmental alterations such as salinity and temperature are the limitations in practical applications of the anammox process. This review article provides the recent yet comprehensive viewpoint on anammox bacteria and the key perspectives in applying them as an efficient strategy for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanusha Weralupitiya
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka; Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Rasika Wanigatunge
- Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Sarangi Joseph
- Department of Civil Engineering, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies, and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Su Shiung Lam
- Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai 603110, India
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
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8
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Yan Y, Wang W, Wu M, Jetten MSM, Guo J, Ma J, Wang H, Dai X, Wang Y. Transcriptomics Uncovers the Response of Anammox Bacteria to Dissolved Oxygen Inhibition and the Subsequent Recovery Mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:14674-14685. [PMID: 33147001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the recovery of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria after inhibition by dissolved oxygen (DO) is critical for the successful applications of anammox-based processes. Therefore, the effects of oxygen exposure (2 mg L-1 DO for 90 min) and subsequent recovery treatments [N2 purging or nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) addition] on the activity and gene expression in a Kuenenia stuttgartiensis enrichment culture were examined. Combining the self-organizing map clustering and enrichment analysis, we proposed the oxidative stress response of anammox bacteria based on the existing concepts of oxidative stress in microbes: the DO exposure triggered a stringent response in K. stuttgartiensis, which downregulated the transcription levels of genes involved in the central metabolism and diverted energy to a flagellar assembly and metal transport modules; these changes possibly promoted survival during the inhibition of anammox activity. According to the cotranscription with central catabolism genes, putative reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger genes (kat and sod) were presumed to detoxify the anammox intermediates rather than ROS. In addition, both activity and mRNA profiles with appropriate amount of nZVI addition (5 and 25 mg L-1) were close to that of control, which proved the effectiveness of nZVI addition in anammox recovery. These results would be relevant to the physio-biochemistry development of anammox bacteria and further enhancement of nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Mengxiong Wu
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Mike S M Jetten
- Microbiology, IWWR, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, AJ Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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9
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Performance of Anammox Processes for Wastewater Treatment: A Critical Review on Effects of Operational Conditions and Environmental Stresses. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w12010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is well-known as a low-energy consuming and eco-friendly technology for treating nitrogen-rich wastewater. Although the anammox reaction was widely investigated in terms of its application in many wastewater treatment processes, practical anammox application at the pilot and industrial scales is limited because nitrogen removal efficiency and anammox activity are dependent on many operational factors such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen concentration, nitrogen loading, and organic matter content. In practical application, anammox bacteria are possibly vulnerable to non-essential compounds such as sulfides, toxic metal elements, alcohols, phenols, and antibiotics that are potential inhibitors owing to the complexity of the wastewater stream. This review systematically summarizes up-to-date studies on the effect of various operational factors on nitrogen removal performance along with reactor type, mode of operation (batch or continuous), and cultured anammox bacterial species. The effect of potential anammox inhibition factors such as high nitrite concentration, high salinity, sulfides, toxic metal elements, and toxic organic compounds is listed with a thorough interpretation of the synergistic and antagonistic toxicity of these inhibitors. Finally, the strategy for optimization of anammox processes for wastewater treatment is suggested, and the importance of future studies on anammox applications is indicated.
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10
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Ji X, Wu Z, Sung S, Lee PH. Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics analyses reveal oxygen detoxification and mixotrophic potentials of an enriched anammox culture in a continuous stirred-tank reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 166:115039. [PMID: 31520814 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The metabolisms of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria related to ammonia oxidation with nitrite reduction and autotrophic carbon fixation have been extensively observed. However, little is known about the specific metabolic pathways associated with oxygen detoxification and organic carbon utilization. To this end, we obtained high abundance of anammox species (∼50%) in a lab-scale continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) at room temperature without strict anaerobic condition. The draft genome of the dominant anammox bacteria affiliated to Ca. Brocadia sp. was recovered. Its metabolic pathways and genes expression were reconstructed and examined through metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses. Interestingly, the results suggested that this anammox lineage likely performs oxygen detoxification with genes encoding superoxide dismutase (SOD) and cytochrome c peroxidase (Ccp). Moreover, the Ccp-activated hydrogen peroxide (intermediate of oxygen detoxification) reduction might be energetically beneficial for the observed acetate conversion related to cell synthesis of Ca. Brocadia sp. This study offers a comprehensive understanding on the diverse metabolic activities in anammox species affiliated to Ca. Brocadia sp., and expanded the applicability of anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhuoying Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Shihwu Sung
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management University of Hawaii at Hilo, USA
| | - Po-Heng Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK.
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11
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Xia X, Li Z, Zhang S, Zhang L, Zhang L, Wang G. Occurrence of anammox on suspended sediment (SPS) in oxic river water: Effect of the SPS particle size. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:40-48. [PMID: 31255764 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anammox is a newly discovered nitrogen transformation process. However, its role in nitrogen removal in fresh water is far from understood. Here, we hypothesized that anammox could occur on suspended sediment in oxic river water. To test this hypothesis, simulation experiments with a nitrogen stable (15N) isotopic tracer technique were conducted to study the occurrence of anammox on suspended sediment (SPS) in oxic river water, and the effects of the SPS particle size, including <20 μm, 20-63 μm, 63-100 μm, 100-200 μm, and <200 μm (original SPS) size fractions, were investigated. The results showed that anammox occurred in oxic water with SPS due to the existence of low oxygen microsites around/on SPS, and the anammox rate was even higher than the denitrification rate. The anammox rate increased with the SPS concentration, and it was negatively correlated with the particle size and was positively correlated with the organic carbon content of SPS (p < 0.05). The 29N2 produced by anammox in a system containing 1.0 g L-1 SPS with a particle size below 20 μm was 0.27 mg-N/m3·d, which was 5.3 times higher than that produced with a particle size of 100-200 μm. The anammox rate was significantly positively correlated with the anammox bacterial abundance (p < 0.01), and Ca. Brocadia was the dominant species. This study suggests that the SPS in oxic water may be a 'hotspot' for the anammox process and that its role in nitrogen removal should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Xia
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Zhihuang Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Sibo Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Gongqin Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
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12
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Arora AS, Nawaz A, Yun CM, Cho H, Lee M. Ecofriendly Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation System: Optimum Operation and Inhibition Control Strategies for Enhanced Nitrogen Removal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b04591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amarpreet Singh Arora
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Alam Nawaz
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Chao Mun Yun
- Sherpa Space Inc., Daejeon 34051, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwanchul Cho
- Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction, Yongin 16858, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonyong Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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13
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Xu X, Qiu L, Wang C, Yang F. Achieving mainstream nitrogen and phosphorus removal through Simultaneous partial Nitrification, Anammox, Denitrification, and Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal (SNADPR) process in a single-tank integrative reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 284:80-89. [PMID: 30925426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous partial Nitrification, Anammox, and Denitrification (SNAD) is a promising and energy-efficient nitrogen removal process, which is powerless to eliminate phosphorus and confronted the problem of excessive effluent nitrate once applied in municipal sewage treatment characterized with high C/N ratio (≥2). Herein, by coupling SNAD with denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) process in a single-tank reactor, a novel integrative process (termed as SNADPR) was designed to treat municipal sewage. The removal efficiencies of TN, PO43--P, and COD under the optimized conditions (T = 30 °C, HRT = 24 h, DO = 0.45 mg/L) were 89.15 ± 2.19%, 92.93 ± 0.60%, and 99.17 ± 1.58%, respectively. Distinctive microbial community distribution was harvested, where anammox bacteria (AnAOB, Candidatus_Kuenenia and Candidatus_Brocadia) were mainly located in biofilm, whereas denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DPAOs, Dechloromonas and Pseudomonas) and ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB, Nitrosomonas) basically lived in suspended floc. The SRT separation between biofilm and floc was reached by conserving AnAOB-rich biofilm and termly discharging phosphorus-rich floc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Linyuan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fenglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
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14
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Accomplishing a N-E-W (nutrient-energy-water) synergy in a bioelectrochemical nitritation-anammox process. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9201. [PMID: 31235741 PMCID: PMC6591234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45620-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports an investigation of the concept, application and performance of a novel bioelectrochemical nitritation-anammox microbial desalination cell (MDC) for resource-efficient wastewater treatment and desalination. Two configurations of anammox MDCs (anaerobic-anammox cathode MDC (AnAmoxMDC) and nitration-anammox cathode MDC (NiAmoxMDC)) were compared with an air cathode MDC (CMDC), operated in fed-batch mode. Results from this study showed that the maximum power density produced by NiAmoxMDC (1,007 mW/m3) was higher than that of AnAmoxMDC (444 mW/m3) and CMDC (952 mW/m3). More than 92% of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) removal was achieved in NiAmoxMDC, significantly higher than AnAmoxMDC (84%) and CMDC (77%). The NiAmoxMDC performed better than CMDC and AnAmoxMDC in terms of power density, COD removal and salt removal in desalination chamber. In addition, cyclic voltammetry analysis of anammox cathode showed a redox peak centered at -140 mV Vs Ag/AgCl confirming the catalytic activity of anammox bacteria towards the electron transfer process. Further, net energy balance of the NiAmoxMDC was the highest (NiAmoxMDC-0.022 kWh/m3 >CMDC-0.019 kWh/m3 >AnAmoxMDC-0.021 kWh/m3) among the three configurations. This study demonstrated, for the first time, a N-E-W synergy for resource-efficient wastewater treatment using nitritation-anammox process.
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15
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Feng X, Wang X, Chen Z, Chen J. Nitrogen removal from iron oxide red wastewater via partial nitritation-Anammox based on two-stage zeolite biological aerated filter. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 279:17-24. [PMID: 30710816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Partial nitritation-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PN-Anammox) was successfully applied for high-strength ammonium iron oxide red wastewater (IORW) treatment based on stable PN performance of zeolite-biological aerated filter (ZBAF). By separating Na2CO3 dosage avoid the high free ammonia (FA) inhibited nitritation, two-stage ZBAF was applied for achieving efficient PN with Na2CO3 as the alkalinity donor and saving about 40.0% of the alkalinity cost compared to NaHCO3. Moreover, Anammox was used for further nitrogen removal from IORW and stable total nitrogen (TN) removal was obtained at the influent NH4+-N concentration of 567 mg/L and TN removal efficiency kept above 70.0% after 100 days operation. High throughput sequencing-based approaches showed that Nitrosomoadaceae (AOB) and Kuenenia was dominance in two-stage ZBAF and Anammox samples respectively, while Nitrospire and Nitrobacter (NOB) undetected. The combined process should have advantages for similar high-strength ammonium wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Feng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China.
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China; Hua An Biotech Co., Ltd., Foshan 528300, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, China
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16
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Miao L, Yang G, Tao T, Peng Y. Recent advances in nitrogen removal from landfill leachate using biological treatments - A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 235:178-185. [PMID: 30682670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate, generated from the wastes in a landfill, is a type of wastewater with high concentrations of ammonia and organics, causing a serious environmental pollution. Because of its complex and changing characteristics, it is difficult to remove nitrogen from landfill leachate economically and effectively. Hence, nitrogen removal is a significant research priority of landfill leachate treatment in recent years. Biological processes are known to be effective in nitrogen removal. In this work, the biological nitrogen removal treatments were divided into the following processes: conventional nitrification-denitrification process, nitritation-denitritation process, endogenous denitritation process, and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process. This manuscript summarized the theories and applications of these approaches in detail, and concluded that appropriate processes should be selected in accordance with different characteristics of landfill leachate, in order to effectively remove nitrogen from all stages of landfill leachate and reduce disposal costs. Finally, perspective on the challenges and opportunities of biological nitrogen removal from landfill leachate was also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Gangqing Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Tao Tao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, PR China.
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17
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Sengar A, Aziz A, Farooqi IH, Basheer F. Development of denitrifying phosphate accumulating and anammox micro-organisms in anaerobic hybrid reactor for removal of nutrients from low strength domestic sewage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 267:149-157. [PMID: 30014993 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Low strength domestic sewage was treated in an Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor. The first phase was focused on the enhancement of denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms (DPAOs) for the concurrent removal of nitrogen and phosphate. 16S rRNA gene confirmed the presence of Flavobacterium spp. and Pseudomonasalcaligenes spp. which are dominant DPAOs. The second phase was the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) enrichment phase, and it exhibited much higher chemical oxygen demand (87%) and nitrogen removal (90%) as compared to the first phase. However, it had failed to remove the phosphate from the system. In case of anammox, the dominant specie detected was Candidatus Brocadia, along with minor counts of Candidatus Jettenia and Anammoxoglobus Propionicus. Apart from that, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas europaea, Nitrosomonas nitrosa) and methanogens (Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium) were also detected in the system. This study showed the feasibility of anammox species over DPAOs in treating domestic sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sengar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asad Aziz
- Department of Civil Engineering, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Izharul Haq Farooqi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Farrukh Basheer
- Department of Civil Engineering, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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18
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Wang D, Wang G, Yang F, Liu C, Kong L, Liu Y. Treatment of municipal sewage with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio via simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and denitrification (SNAD) in a non-woven rotating biological contactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 208:854-861. [PMID: 30068028 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a non-woven rotating biological contactor was evaluated for the treatment of municipal sewage via simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox), and denitrification (SNAD). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis showed that the dominant bacterial group in the aerobic outer layer of the biofilm was ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (65.13%), whereas anammox (47.17%) and denitrifying (38.91%) bacteria were present in the anaerobic inner layer. Response surface methodology was applied to develop mathematical models for the interaction between C/N and dissolved oxygen (DO) for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal. Results showed that the optimum region for SNAD was at C/N = 1.4-2.3 and DO = 0.2-0.8 mg/L. The most optimal operating condition was determined at C/N = 2.3 and DO = 0.2 mg/L, with actual removal rates of COD and TN were 83.12% and 79.13%, respectively, which are in close model consistency with model prediction (84% and 80%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Offshore Marine Environmental Research of Liaoning Higher Education, School of Marine Science-Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Heishijiao Street 52, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Guowen Wang
- School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan 1, Dalian, 116034, PR China; Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 727 E Tyler St, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
| | - Fenglin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian, 116024, PR China
| | - Changfa Liu
- Key Laboratory of Offshore Marine Environmental Research of Liaoning Higher Education, School of Marine Science-Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Heishijiao Street 52, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Liang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Offshore Marine Environmental Research of Liaoning Higher Education, School of Marine Science-Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Heishijiao Street 52, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Offshore Marine Environmental Research of Liaoning Higher Education, School of Marine Science-Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Heishijiao Street 52, Dalian, 116023, PR China
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19
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Tang X, Guo Y, Jiang B, Liu S. Metagenomic approaches to understanding bacterial communication during the anammox reactor start-up. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 136:95-103. [PMID: 29500976 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Increasing attention has been paid to the anammox community for its significant function in high-efficiency wastewater treatment. However, bacterial interaction in terms of bacterial communication is still elusive. This study firstly explored the intra- and interspecific communication of bacteria in the anammox community using metagenomic sequence data obtained during bioreactor operation. We verified the existence of multiple bacterial communication gene (BCG) subtypes by alignment with the constructed BCG database containing 11 identified gene subtypes. Bacterial communication was more active at the initial start-up than in the high loading-rate phase, and was correlated with the gradually decreasing bacterial diversity. Hdts, one of the key genes that produced the intraspecific signaling molecule AHL, and RpfF, the key gene that produced the intra- and interspecific signaling molecule DSF, were the primary communication engines in the anammox community because of their high abundance. Anammox bacteria mainly used Hdts genes to communicate with others, while RpfF gene played a core role characterized by their multiple correlations with other BCG subtypes. Interestingly, bacteria with abundant BCGs were more inclined to interact with the bacteria with the same functional traits, indicating the potential communication-related interaction among these bacteria in addition to the frequently reported substrate co-utilization. This highlights the primary importance of AHL and DSF for the anammox community, and thereby hints at a potential strategy for the target regulation of the signals to improve anammox viability and competitive capacity in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongzhao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100871, China; School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100871, China; School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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20
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Ren LF, Lv L, Kang Q, Gao B, Ni SQ, Chen YH, Xu S. Microbial dynamics of biofilm and suspended flocs in anammox membrane bioreactor: The effect of non-woven fabric membrane. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:259-266. [PMID: 28950134 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor with non-woven fabric membranes (NWMBR) is developing into a suitable method for anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). As a carrier, non-woven fabric membrane divided total biomass into biofilm and suspended flocs gradually. Total nitrogen removal efficiency was maintained around 82.6% under nitrogen loading rate of 567.4mgN/L/d after 260days operation. Second-order substrate removal and Stover-Kincannon models were successfully used to simulate the nitrogen removal performance in NWMBR. High-throughput sequence was employed to elucidate the underlying microbial community dynamics. Candidatus Brocadia, Kuenenia, Jettenia were detected to affirm the dominant status of anammox microorganisms and 98.2% of anammox microorganisms distributed in biofilm. In addition, abundances of functional genes (hzs, nirK) in biofilm and suspended flocs were assessed by quantitative PCR to further investigate the coexistence of anammox and other microorganisms. Potential nitrogen removal pathways were established according to relevant nitrogen removal performance and microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Ren
- Shenzhen Research Institute, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- Shenzhen Research Institute, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, PR China
| | - Qi Kang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, PR China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shenzhen Research Institute, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, PR China
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shenzhen Research Institute, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, PR China.
| | - Yi-Han Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, PR China
| | - Shiping Xu
- Shenzhen Research Institute, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, PR China
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21
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22
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Zhang X, Zhang F, Zhao Y, Li Z. Start-Up and Aeration Strategies for a Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Process in an SBR. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1089696. [PMID: 29387714 PMCID: PMC5745774 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1089696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The start-up and performance of the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal via nitrite (CANON) process were examined in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with intermittent aeration. Initially, partial nitrification was established, and then the DO concentration was lowered further, surplus water in the SBR with high nitrite was replaced with tap water, and continuous aeration mode was turned into intermittent aeration mode, while the removal of total nitrogen was still weak. However, the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency and nitrogen removal loading reached 83.07% and 0.422 kgN/(m3·d), respectively, 14 days after inoculating 0.15 g of CANON biofilm biomass into the SBR. The aggregates formed in SBR were the mixture of activated sludge and granular sludge; the volume ratio of floc and granular sludge was 7 : 3. DNA analysis showed that Planctomycetes-like anammox bacteria and Nitrosomonas-like aerobic ammonium oxidization bacteria were dominant bacteria in the reactor. The influence of aeration strategies on CANON process was investigated using batch tests. The result showed that the strategy of alternating aeration (1 h) and nonaeration (1 h) was optimum, which can obtain almost the same TN removal efficiency as continuous aeration while reducing the energy consumption, inhibiting the activity of NOB, and enhancing the activity of AAOB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
| | - Zhengqun Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
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23
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Sun N, Ge C, Ahmad HA, Gao B, Ni SQ. Realization of microbial community stratification for single-stage nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch biofilter granular reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:681-691. [PMID: 28609756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A permanent microbial stratified nitrogen removal system coupling anammox with partial nitrification (SNAP) in a sequencing batch biofilter granular reactor (SBBGR) was successfully constructed for the treatment of ammonia-rich wastewater. With a nitrogen loading rate of 0.1kgNm-3·d-1, the maximal ammonia and total nitrogen removal efficiencies could reach up to 96.08% and 84.86% on day 108, respectively. The pH, DO profiles revealed a switch of functional species (AOB and anammox) at a typical intermittent aeration cycle. qPCR and high throughput analyses certified a stable spatial microbial stratified community structure. Although, anammox preferred strict anaerobic environment while AOB needed oxygen, a special stratified community structure contributed to conquer this obstacle. Moreover, Bacteroidet, Chlorobi, OD1, Planctomycetes, and Proteobacteria were the dominant species in the SBBGR. Although we have predicted the possible pathways of nitrogen transformation, further studies are needed to validate the pathways in enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong, PR China
| | - Chenghao Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong, PR China
| | - Hafiz Adeel Ahmad
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong, PR China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong, PR China
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Jinan, 250100 Shandong, PR China.
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24
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Wen X, Gong B, Zhou J, He Q, Qing X. Efficient simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) system equipped with a real-time dissolved oxygen (DO) intelligent control system and microbial community shifts of different substrate concentrations. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 119:201-211. [PMID: 28460292 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process was studied in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) fed with synthetic wastewater in a range of 2200 mgN/L ∼ 50 mgN/L. Important was an external real-time precision dissolved oxygen (DO) intelligent control system that consisted of feed forward control system and feedback control system. This DO control system permitted close control of oxygen supply according to influent concentration, effluent quality and other environmental factors in the reactor. In this study the operation was divided into six phases according to influent nitrogen applied. SNAD system was successfully set up after adding COD into a CANON system. And the presence of COD enabled the survival of denitrifiers, and made Thauera and Pseudomonas predominant as functional denitrifiers in this system. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 16S rRNA amplicon pyrosequencing were used to analyze the microbial variations of different substrate concentrations. Results indicated that the relative population of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) members decreased when influent ammonia concentration decreased from 2200 mg/L to 50 mg/L, while no dramatic drop of the percent of anammox bacteria was seen. And Nitrosomonas europaea was the predominant AOB in SNAD system treating sewage, while Candidatus Brocadia was the dominant anammox bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Benzhou Gong
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxia Qing
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
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25
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Zhang X, Zheng S, Sun J, Xiao X. Elucidation of microbial nitrogen-transformation mechanisms in activated sludge by comprehensive evaluation of nitrogen-transformation activity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 234:15-22. [PMID: 28315600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using prepared nitrifying sludge, anaerobic ammonia oxidization (anammox) sludge and two heterotrophic ammonia oxidization bacterial (AOB) species as inocula, this study elucidated the effect of oxygen conditions, assay media, and selective metabolic inhibitors on various microbial nitrogen (N)-transformation activities including aerobic chemolithotrophic ammonia and nitrite oxidization, aerobic heterotrophic ammonia oxidization, anammox, and aerobic and anoxic denitrification. The oxygen conditions and assay media effectively differentiated among almost all ammonia removal pathways except for separating aerobic chemolithotrophic ammonia oxidization from aerobic heterotrophic ammonia oxidization. A final allylthiourea concentration of 10mg·L-1 was optimal for accurate determination of aerobic heterotrophic ammonia oxidization activity in the presence of aerobic chemolithotrophic AOB. Finally, this study developed a simple and reliable method to individually determine and compare the comprehensive N-transformation activity characteristics of several activated sludge samples from different origins, and to elucidate the major microbial N-transformation mechanisms for ammonia removal and N2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Zhang
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaokui Zheng
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuze Xiao
- School of Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences/State Key Lab of Water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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26
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Guo Y, Liu S, Tang X, Yang F. Role of c-di-GMP in anammox aggregation and systematic analysis of its turnover protein in Candidatus Jettenia caeni. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 113:181-190. [PMID: 28214775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been recognized as a promising sewage treatment approach. Considering the susceptibility, it is meaningful to study the behaviors of anammox bacteria under the unfavorable conditions. Here, we found that anammox bacteria more probably tended to aggregation by the regulation of c-di-GMP against the unfavorable environmental stresses (low temperature, aerobic condition and low pH). Further using multiple protein sequence alignment, we systematically examined the functionality of thirteen genes encoding putative c-di-GMP metabolic enzymes in anammox organism Candidatus Jettenia caeni, revealing most of the predicted enzymes were predicted to be active. Particularly, ectopic expression of jcaA, a gene encoding a protein with both GGDEF domain and EAL domain, suggested that it encoded a functional enzyme capable of both synthesizing and degrading c-di-GMP, which was clearly confirmed by in vitro enzymatic assays and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism was simulated by the means of three-dimensional homology modeling and molecular docking. The identification of c-di-GMP turnover and its role in granulation for anammox organism provides a new perspective for regulation of its aggregation capability and further promotion of anammox performance in the application of wastewater treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100871, China; School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100871, China; School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Fenglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
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27
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Liu T, Li D, Zhang J. Biochemical characteristic along UBAF in a one-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal reactor. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:2656-2665. [PMID: 27973370 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Up-flow biological aerated filter (UBAF) based on a one-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process has been widely investigated nowadays. In this work, the biochemical characteristic along the volcanic-filled UBAF reactor had been studied. The results indicate that short-rod, spherical and elliptical (averaged 0.2-1.0 μm) microorganisms with a specific irregular cauliflower profile existed in the system. Species identification showed Nitrosococcus- and Nitrosomonas-related aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis-like anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) were the predominant functional bacteria that mixed with each other and showed no distinct niche in the system. However, the bioactivity of functional microorganisms displayed differently at different filter layers, with a better pollutant-removal activity in the lower parts than in the upper parts of the UBAF. In the lower parts, compact and small zooglea formed, whereas it trended to be larger and looser along the filter. Moreover, there was better biodiversity of AerAOB in the lower part, while AnAOB showed stable and low biodiversity along the filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail:
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China E-mail:
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28
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Rodriguez-Sanchez A, Purswani J, Lotti T, Maza-Marquez P, van Loosdrecht MCM, Vahala R, Gonzalez-Martinez A. Distribution and microbial community structure analysis of a single-stage partial nitritation/anammox granular sludge bioreactor operating at low temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:2281-2291. [PMID: 26829222 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1147613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, autotrophic nitrogen removal technologies based on anammox metabolism have become state of the art in urban and industrial wastewater treatment systems, due to their advantages over traditional nitrogen removal processes. However, their application is currently limited to the treatment of warm wastewater (25-40°C) mainly due to the low growth rate of the anammox bacteria. The extension of the application field to wastewater characterized by lower temperatures (8-20°C), such as those typical for municipal sewage, allows the design of treatment systems with a net energy production. In this study, the distribution and bacterial community structure of a lab-scale single-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) granular sludge bioreactor operating at low temperatures was analysed using next-generation sequencing techniques. The presence of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria was found, but the appearance of other bacterial species shows a complex microbial ecosystem. Evaluation of ecological roles of representative species inside the single-stage PN/A bioreactor was accomplished. Results obtained will be helpful for the future design and operation of PN/A systems performing at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica Purswani
- a Institute of Water Research , University of Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Tommaso Lotti
- b Department of Biotechnology , Technical University of Delft , Delft , The Netherlands
| | | | - M C M van Loosdrecht
- b Department of Biotechnology , Technical University of Delft , Delft , The Netherlands
| | - Riku Vahala
- c Department of Built Environment , School of Engineering, Aalto University , Aalto , Espoo , Finland
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29
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Ma B, Wang S, Cao S, Miao Y, Jia F, Du R, Peng Y. Biological nitrogen removal from sewage via anammox: Recent advances. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 200:981-990. [PMID: 26586538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen removal from sewage via anammox is a promising and feasible technology to make sewage treatment energy-neutral or energy-positive. Good retention of anammox bacteria is the premise of achieving sewage treatment via anammox. Therefore the anammox metabolism and its factors were critically reviewed so as to form biofilm/granules for retaining anammox bacteria. A stable supply of nitrite for anammox bacteria is a real bottleneck for applying anammox in sewage treatment. Nitritation and partial-denitrification are two promising methods of offering nitrite. As such, the strategies for achieving nitritation in sewage treatment were summarized by reviewing the factors affecting nitrite oxidation bacteria growth. Meanwhile, the methods of achieving partial-denitrification have been developed through understanding the microorganisms related with nitrite accumulation and their factors. Furthermore, two cases of applying anammox in the mainstream sewage treatment plants were documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shanyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shenbin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yuanyuan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Fangxu Jia
- Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Rui Du
- Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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30
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Liu T, Li D, Zhang J, Lv Y, Quan X. Effect of temperature on functional bacterial abundance and community structure in CANON process. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Deng Y, Zhang X, Miao Y, Hu B. Exploration of rapid start-up of the CANON process from activated sludge inoculum in a sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR). WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:535-542. [PMID: 26877035 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a laboratory-scale sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR) was employed to explore a fast start-up of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process. Partial nitrification was achieved by controlling free ammonia concentration and operating at above 30 °C; then the reactor was immediately operated with alternating periods of aerobiosis and anaerobiosis to start the anammox process. The CANON process was successfully achieved in less than 50 d, and the total-nitrogen removal efficiency and the nitrogen removal rate were 81% and 0.14 kg-N m(-3) d(-1) respectively. Afterwards, with the increasing of ammonium loading rate a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 0.39 kg-N m(-3) d(-1) was achieved on day 94. DNA analysis showed that 'Candidatus Brocadia' was the dominant anammox species and Nitrosomonas was the dominant aerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria in the CANON reactor. This study revealed that due to shortening the persistent and stable nitrite accumulation period the long start-up time of the CANON process can be significantly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfan Deng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang' an University, The middle section of the south 2nd ring road, 710064 Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China E-mail: ; Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection & Pollution and Remediation of Water and Soil of Shaanxi Province, Chang' an University, The middle section of the south 2nd ring road, 710064 Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang' an University, The middle section of the south 2nd ring road, 710064 Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China E-mail:
| | - Ying Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang' an University, The middle section of the south 2nd ring road, 710064 Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China E-mail:
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang' an University, The middle section of the south 2nd ring road, 710064 Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China E-mail:
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32
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Liu Y, Ni BJ. Appropriate Fe (II) addition significantly enhances anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) activity through improving the bacterial growth rate. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8204. [PMID: 25644239 PMCID: PMC4316192 DOI: 10.1038/srep08204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process is often limited by the slow growth rate of Anammox bacteria. As the essential substrate element that required for culturing Anammox sludge, Fe (II) is expected to affect Anammox bacterial growth. This work systematically studied the effects of Fe (II) addition on Anammox activity based on the kinetic analysis of specific growth rate using data from batch tests with an enriched Anammox sludge at different dosing levels. Results clearly demonstrated that appropriate Fe (II) dosing (i.e., 0.09 mM) significantly enhanced the specific Anammox growth rate up to 0.172 d(-1) compared to 0.118 d(-1) at regular Fe (II) level (0.03 mM). The relationship between Fe (II) concentration and specific Anammox growth rate was found to be well described by typical substrate inhibition kinetics, which was integrated into currently well-established Anammox model to describe the enhanced Anammox growth with Fe (II) addition. The validity of the integrated Anammox model was verified using long-term experimental data from three independent Anammox reactors with different Fe (II) dosing levels. This Fe (II)-based approach could be potentially implemented to enhance the process rate for possible mainstream application of Anammox technology, in order for an energy autarchic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Liu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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33
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Xu G, Zhou Y, Yang Q, Lee ZMP, Gu J, Lay W, Cao Y, Liu Y. The challenges of mainstream deammonification process for municipal used water treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:2485-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Ni BJ, Joss A, Yuan Z. Modeling nitrogen removal with partial nitritation and anammox in one floc-based sequencing batch reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 67:321-329. [PMID: 25310704 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Full-scale application of partial nitritation and anammox in a single floc-based sequencing batch reactor (SBR) has been achieved for high-rate nitrogen (N) removal, but mechanisms resulting in reliable operation are not well understood. In this work, a mathematical model was calibrated and validated to evaluate operating conditions that lead to out-competition of nitrite oxidizers (NOB) from the SBRs and allow to maintain high anammox activity during long-term operation. The validity of the model was tested using experimental data from two independent previously reported floc-based full-scale SBRs for N-removal via partial nitritation and anammox, with different aeration strategies at aeration phase (continuous vs. intermittent aeration). The model described the SBR cycle profiles and long-term dynamic data from the two SBR plants sufficiently and provided insights into the dynamics of microbial population fractions and N-removal performance. Ammonium oxidation and anammox reaction could occur simultaneously at DO range of 0.15-0.3 mg O2 L(-1) at aeration phase under continuous aeration condition, allowing simplified process control compared to intermittent aeration. The oxygen supply beyond prompt depletion by ammonium oxidizers (AOB) would lead to the growth of NOB competing with anammox for nitrite. NOB could also be washed out of the system and high anammox fractions could be maintained by controlling sludge age higher than 40 days and DO at around 0.2 mg O2 L(-1). Furthermore, the results suggest that N-removal in SBR occurs via both alternating nitritation/anammox and simultaneous nitritation/anammox, supporting an alternative strategy to improve N-removal in this promising treatment process, i.e., different anaerobic phases can be implemented in the SBR-cycle configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Jie Ni
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Adriano Joss
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia; Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstr. 133, 8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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35
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Zhao Q, Han H, Hou B, Zhuang H, Jia S, Fang F. Nitrogen removal from coal gasification wastewater by activated carbon technologies combined with short-cut nitrogen removal process. J Environ Sci (China) 2014; 26:2231-2239. [PMID: 25458677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A system combining granular activated carbon and powdered activated carbon technologies along with shortcut biological nitrogen removal (GAC-PACT-SBNR) was developed to enhance total nitrogen (TN) removal for anaerobically treated coal gasification wastewater with less need for external carbon resources. The TN removal efficiency in SBNR was significantly improved by introducing the effluent from the GAC process into SBNR during the anoxic stage, with removal percentage increasing from 43.8%-49.6% to 68.8%-75.8%. However, the TN removal rate decreased with the progressive deterioration of GAC adsorption. After adding activated sludge to the GAC compartment, the granular carbon had a longer service-life and the demand for external carbon resources became lower. Eventually, the TN removal rate in SBNR was almost constant at approx. 43.3%, as compared to approx. 20.0% before seeding with sludge. In addition, the production of some alkalinity during the denitrification resulted in a net savings in alkalinity requirements for the nitrification reaction and refractory chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradation by autotrophic bacteria in SBNR under oxic conditions. PACT showed excellent resilience to increasing organic loadings. The microbial community analysis revealed that the PACT had a greater variety of bacterial taxons and the dominant species associated with the three compartments were in good agreement with the removal of typical pollutants. The study demonstrated that pre-adsorption by the GAC-sludge process could be a technically and economically feasible method to enhance TN removal in coal gasification wastewater (CGW).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hongjun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Baolin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Haifeng Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shengyong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Fang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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36
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Ren Y, Li D, Li X, Yang L, Ding A, Zhang J. High-rate nitrogen removal and microbial community of an up-flow anammox reactor with ceramics as biomass carrier. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 113:125-131. [PMID: 25065799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen removal performance and responsible microbial community of anammox process at low temperatures, and long term effect of dissolved oxygen (DO) on the performance of anammox process were investigated in a biofilm reactor, which was operated at 33±1°C (159d) and 20±2°C (162d) with an influent DO concentration of 0.7-1.5mgL(-1). Nitrogen removal recovered to 70% after 2wk with the temperature drastically decreasing from 33±1°C to 20±2°C. At 20±2°C, the average effluent (NH4(+)-N+NO2(-)-N) concentration was 0.08±0.08mgL(-1) at a hydraulic retention time of 1.5h. A total nitrogen removal efficiency of the reactor of 1.0gNL(-1)d(-1) was obtained for up to one month while the nitrogen loading rate was 1.16gNL(-1)d(-1). Results of T-RFLP and 16S rRNA phylogenic analysis revealed that Candidatus Jettenia asiatica, as confirmed to adapt to low temperature, was considered to be responsible for the stable and high nitrogen removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiangkun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin 150090, China.
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37
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Zhang J, Zhou J, Han Y, Zhang X. Start-up and bacterial communities of single-stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) for treatment of high strength ammonia wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:652-657. [PMID: 25105271 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a lab-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was used to start up the single-stage nitrogen removal system using anammox and partial nitritation (SNAP) process seeding from surplus activated sludge. The volumetric nitrogen loading rate (vNLR) was firstly 0.075 kg N m(-3) d(-1) and then gradually increased to 0.60 kg N m(-3) d(-1). A maximal total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of 0.54 kg N m(-3) d(-1) was achieved by the SNAP process after 132 days operation with NH4(+)-N and TN removal efficiency of 99.4% and 90.5%, respectively. This reactor may have applications for the SNAP process treating high strength ammonia wastewater. And dewatered surplus activated sludge was recommended as the seed sludge for engineering applications. The dominant bacterial strains were Xanthomonas campestris, Nitrosomonas europaea and Ignavibacterium album, corresponding to the percentage of 24%, 22% and 20%, respectively, based on the 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing of the SNAP sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Zhang
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Yi Han
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
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38
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Li H, Zhou S, Ma W, Huang P, Huang G, Qin Y, Xu B, Ouyang H. Long-term performance and microbial ecology of a two-stage PN-ANAMMOX process treating mature landfill leachate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 159:404-411. [PMID: 24681301 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Long-term performance of a two-stage partial nitritation (PN)-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) process treating mature landfill leachate was investigated. Stable partial nitritation performance was achieved in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) using endpoint pH control, providing an effluent with a ratio of NO2(-)-N/NH4(+)-N at 1.23 ± 0.23. High rate nitrogen removal over 4 kg N/m(3)/d was observed in the ANAMMOX reactor in the first three months. However, during long-term operation, the ANAMMOX reactor can only stably operate under nitrogen load of 1 kg N/m(3)/d, with 85 ± 1% of nitrogen removal. The ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in the PN-SBR were mainly affiliated to Nitrosomonas sp. IWT514, Nitrosomonas eutropha and Nitrosomonas eutropha, the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in the ANAMMOX reactor were mainly affiliated to Kuenenia stuttgartiensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huosheng Li
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shaoqi Zhou
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Shanxi Road 1, Guiyang 550001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Weihao Ma
- College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Pengfei Huang
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guotao Huang
- College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yujie Qin
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Hai Ouyang
- College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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39
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Zhang X, Li D, Liang Y, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Autotrophic nitrogen removal from domestic sewage in MBR-CANON system and the biodiversity of functional microbes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 150:113-120. [PMID: 24157683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process for treating domestic sewage was investigated in membrane bioreactor (MBR), for which conventional activated sludge was seeded at ambient temperature. By gradually decreasing hydraulic retention time under the oxygen-limited condition, CANON was successfully started-up for 78 days. Finally the MBR-CANON system was adopted for treating domestic sewage, nitrogen and COD removal achieved to 0.97 kg m(-3) d(-1), 80%, respectively, with the effluent turbidity below 1.0 NTU. DGGE profiles showed a distinct community shift of the functional bacteria after seeded to the reactor, and phylogenetic results indicated the predominance of Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis for nitrogen removal in the reactor. FISH results showed the predominance of aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in the system, both of whose proportion reduced when treated domestic sewage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang X, Li D, Liang Y, Zeng H, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Performance and microbial community of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process in two membrane bioreactors (MBR) fed with different substrate levels. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 152:185-191. [PMID: 24291319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To study the influence of substrate on completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process, two membrane bioreactors (MBR) with identical setup but fed with different substrate levels (R1 with low ammonia, R2 with high ammonia), were adopted in this study. The nitrogen removal performance, bioactivity, biodiversity and distribution of the functional microorganisms in two reactors were investigated. Both the aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) in R2 showed higher bioactivity than those in R1, while nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) showed the contrary result. Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis were detected as predominant functional microbes in the two reactors while Nitrobacter only existed in R1. High influent ammonia possibly led to the higher biodiversity of AerAOB and the more densely packed distribution. Meanwhile, this study has demonstrated the feasibility of increasing ammonia for rapid start-up, and decreasing HRT for high-rate nitrogen removal in CANON process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yuhai Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Huiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongping He
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yulong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Hu Z, Zhang J, Xie H, Liang S, Li S. Minimization of nitrous oxide emission from anoxic–oxic biological nitrogen removal process: Effect of influent COD/NH4+ ratio and feeding strategy. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 115:272-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hu Z, Zhang J, Li S, Xie H. Impact of carbon source on nitrous oxide emission from anoxic/oxic biological nitrogen removal process and identification of its emission sources. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:1059-1069. [PMID: 22684879 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment is an important source of nitrous oxide (N(2)O), which is a strong greenhouse gas and dominate ozone-depleting substance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbon source on N(2)O emission from anoxic/oxic biological nitrogen removal process. The mechanisms of N(2)O emission were also studied. Long-term experiments were operated to evaluate the effect of three different carbon sources (i.e., glucose, sodium acetate, and soluble starch) on N(2)O emission characteristics. And batch experiments, in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors, were carried out to identify the sources of N(2)O emission. The ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and denitrifiers community compositions under different circumstances were also analyzed based on which the underlying mechanisms of N(2)O emission were elucidated. The conversion ratios of N(2)O in reactors with glucose, sodium acetate, and soluble starch were 5.3 %, 8.8 %, and 2.8 %, respectively. The primary process responsible for N(2)O emission was nitrifier denitrification by Nitrosomonas-like AOB, while denitrification by heterotrophic denitrifiers acted as the sink. Reactor with sodium acetate showed the highest N(2)O emission, together with the highest nitrogen and phosphate removal ratios. Carbon source has a significant impact on N(2)O emission quantity and relatively minor effect on its production mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, 250100 Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Liu T, Li D, Zeng H, Li X, Liang Y, Chang X, Zhang J. Distribution and genetic diversity of functional microorganisms in different CANON reactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 123:574-580. [PMID: 22944492 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) has been regarded as an efficient and economical process for nitrogen removal from wastewater. The distribution and genetic diversity of the functional microorganisms in five lab-scale CANON reactors have been investigated by using some molecular biology methods. Nitrosomonas-like aerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) and Candidatus Brocadia-related anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) were detected as predominant functional microbes in the five reactors while Nitrobacter-like nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) existed only in the systems operated at ambient temperature. Communities of AerAOB and AnAOB were almost similar among the five reactors while the distribution of the functional microbes was either scattered or densely packed. Meanwhile, this study has demonstrated the feasibility of starting up CANON by inoculating conventional activated sludge in low ammonium content at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Liu T, Li D, Zeng H, Li X, Zeng T, Chang X, Cai Y, Zhang J. Biodiversity and quantification of functional bacteria in completely autotrophic nitrogen-removal over nitrite (CANON) process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 118:399-406. [PMID: 22705962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The research was conducted to investigate the microbial diversity and population with the different concentration of NH(4)(+)-N in a biofilm reactor filled with volcanic filter for completely autotrophic nitrogen-removal over nitrite (CANON) process. The reactor had an excellent performance with the decreasing of NH(4)(+)-N concentration from 400 to 200 mg L(-1) while NH(4)(+)-N removal loading reduced at the NH(4)(+)-N concentration of 100 mg L(-1). Biodiversity analysis indicated that Nitrosomonas related aerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and Planctomycetales-like anaerobic ammonia oxidizing (anammox) bacteria were dominant functional bacteria. Despite the different influent NH(4)(+)-N concentration, anammox bacteria had a low and stable biodiversity, which was not the same to AOB. With the concentration reduction of influent NH(4)(+)-N, the estimates of total bacteria population ranged between 2.29×10(11) and 1.44×10(12) copies mg(-1) total DNA, and the quantity of AOB decreased while anammox bacteria kept stable. The population of Nitrospira increased and little Nitrobacter was detected during the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang L, Qiao S, Yang F, Quan X. Enhancement of nitrogen removal in a novel anammox reactor packed with Fe electrode. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 114:102-108. [PMID: 22459964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Slow proliferation of anammox bacteria is a major problem limiting the wider application of anammox technology in practical wastewater treatment. A novel anammox reactor packed with a Fe electrode was developed for enhancing anammox consortium activity and accelerating the startup of anammox process. After 125 days' operation, total nitrogen removal rate achieved 1209.6 mg N/L/d in this hybrid reactor (R1), which was significantly higher than that in a control anammox reactor without Fe electrode (R2, 973.3 mg N/L/d). Raising the voltage applied for the electrode in a given extent (≤0.6 V) enhanced the performance of the reactor, while the voltage more than 0.8 V reduced the anammox performance. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation along with transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis of the sludge taken from the reactors revealed that a more compacted microbial community structure was formed in R1. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) together with DNA analysis indicated that anammox bacteria were highly enriched with the presence of the Fe electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Gao F, Zhang H, Yang F, Qiang H, Zhang G. The contrast study of anammox-denitrifying system in two non-woven fixed-bed bioreactors (NFBR) treating different low C/N ratio sewage. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 114:54-61. [PMID: 22446054 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Two non-woven fixed-bed bioreactors (NFBR) based on different substrates (nitrite and nitrate) were constructed to study the environmental adaptability for temperature and organic matter of anammox-denitrifying system and nitrogen removal performance. The two reactors were successfully operated for 200 days. The average removal rates of nitrogen and COD of R2 were 81% and 93%, respectively. Besides, the nitrogen removal rate of R1 was 95% under not more than 105 mg/l of COD. The experimental results indicated that the R2 based on nitrate had a good nitrogen removal performance at room temperature (25 °C). Additionally, the analysis results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that the percentage compositions of anammox in R1 and R2 were 84% and 65% on day 189. Finally, the possible nitrogen removal model of anammox-denitrifying system was constructed. According to nitrogen balance and C/N ratios of denitrification, the nitrogen removal approaches of R1 and R2 were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, MOE, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
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Jia L, Guo JS, Fang F, Chen YP, Zhang Q. Effect of organic carbon on nitrogen conversion and microbial communities in the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:1141-1149. [PMID: 22856283 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.610363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two identical SBBRs (sequencing batch biofilm reactors) were monitored to evaluate the effects of organic carbon (OC) on nitrogen conversion and microbial communities. In the organic-fed reactor, an ammonium conversion efficiency of above 99%, TN (total nitrogen) removal efficiency of 84-95% and COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal efficiency of about 90% were obtained at a C/N ratio of 1.2. In the OC-fed reactor, the contribution of partial nitrification-anammox to nitrogen removal decreased to 50.78%, and the contribution of denitrification increased to 49.22%. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles showed an intensified bacterial diversity and an enrichment of Planctomycetes bacteria due to the presence of OC particularly in the biofilm. Clone library analysis revealed the coexistence of denitrifiers, aerobic ammonium oxidizers, and anammox bacteria in the OC-fed reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
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Ma Y, Hira D, Li Z, Chen C, Furukawa K. Nitrogen removal performance of a hybrid anammox reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:6650-6656. [PMID: 21507626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has attracted considerable attention in recent years as an alternative to conventional nitrogen removal technologies. In this study, an innovative hybrid reactor combining fluidized and fixed beds for anammox treatment was developed. The fluidized bed was mechanically stirred and the gaseous product could be rapidly released from the anammox sludge to prevent washout of the sludge caused by flotation. The fixed bed comprising a non-woven biomass carrier could efficiently catch sludge to reduce washout. During the operation, nitrogen loading rates to the reactor were increased to 27.3 kg N/m(3)/d, with total nitrogen removal efficiencies of 75%. The biomass concentration in the fluidized bed reached 26-g VSS/L. Anammox granules were observed in the reactors, with settling velocities and sludge volumetric index of 27.3 ± 6.5m/h and 23 mL/g, respectively. Quantification of extracellular polymeric substances revealed the anammox granules contained a significant amount of extracellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguang Ma
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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Yapsakli K, Mertoglu B. Retracted article: Evaluation of Anammox activity in zeolite biofilter system. Biodegradation 2011; 22:229. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-010-9372-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang J, Zhang L, Hira D, Fukuzaki Y, Furukawa K. High-rate nitrogen removal by the anammox process at ambient temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:672-676. [PMID: 20817446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the nitrogen removal performance of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) process and the microbial community that enables the Anammox system to function well at ambient temperatures. A reactor with a novel spiral structure was used as the gas-solid separator. The reactor was fed with synthetic inorganic wastewater composed mainly of NH4+-N and NO2--N, and operated for 92 days. Stable nitrogen removal rates (NRR) of 16.3 and 17.5 kg-N m(-3) d(-1) were obtained at operating temperatures of 33±1 and 23±2°C, respectively. To our knowledge, such a high NRR at ambient temperatures has not been reported previously. In addition, the experiments presented herein confirm that high influent NO2--N concentration of 460 mg L(-1) did not noticeably inhibit the Anammox activity. Furthermore, the freshwater Anammox bacterium KU2, which was identified as the dominant bacterial species in the consortium by 16S rRNA gene analysis, is considered to be responsible for the stable nitrogen removal performance at ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachun Yang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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