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Burman I, Sinha A. Economic evaluation of submerged anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor operating at mesophilic temperature. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:45808-45817. [PMID: 38976193 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale mesophilic submerged anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor (An-HMBR) was operated for 270 days for the treatment of high-strength synthetic wastewater at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (3 days, 2 days, 1 day, and 0.5 days). Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 92% was obtained with methane yield rate of 0.18 LCH4/g CODremoval at 1-day HRT. The results of lab scale reactor at 1-day HRT were utilized for upscaling and cost analysis. Cost analysis revealed that the total capital cost comprised tank system (48%), membrane cost (32%), screen and PUF sponge (5% each), PLCs (4%), liquid pumps (3%), and others (2%). The operational cost comprised chemical cost (46%), pumping energy (42%), and sludge disposal (12%). The results revealed that the tank and heating costs accounted for the largest fraction of the total life cycle cost for full-scale An-HMBR. The heating cost can be compensated by gas recovery. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the interest rates, influent flow, and membrane flux were the most crucial parameters which affected the total cost of An-HMBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Burman
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Alok Sinha
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
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2
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Ibrahim S, Abdul Wahab N. Optimizing neural network algorithms for submerged membrane bioreactor: A comparative study of OVAT and RSM hyperparameter optimization techniques. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2024; 89:1701-1724. [PMID: 38619898 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Hyperparameter tuning is an important process to maximize the performance of any neural network model. This present study proposed the factorial design of experiment for screening and response surface methodology to optimize the hyperparameter of two artificial neural network algorithms. Feed-forward neural network (FFNN) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) are applied to predict the permeate flux of palm oil mill effluent. Permeate pump and transmembrane pressure of the submerge membrane bioreactor system are the input variables. Six hyperparameters of the FFNN model including four numerical factors (neuron numbers, learning rate, momentum, and epoch numbers) and two categorical factors (training and activation function) are used in hyperparameter optimization. RBFNN includes two numerical factors such as a number of neurons and spreads. The conventional method (one-variable-at-a-time) is compared in terms of optimization processing time and the accuracy of the model. The result indicates that the optimal hyperparameters obtained by the proposed approach produce good accuracy with a smaller generalization error. The simulation results show an improvement of more than 65% of training performance, with less repetition and processing time. This proposed methodology can be utilized for any type of neural network application to find the optimum levels of different parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syahira Ibrahim
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Norhaliza Abdul Wahab
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia E-mail:
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Nouhou Moussa AW, Sawadogo B, Konate Y, Sidibe SDS, Heran M. Critical State of the Art of Sugarcane Industry Wastewater Treatment Technologies and Perspectives for Sustainability. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:709. [PMID: 37623770 PMCID: PMC10456721 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide pressure on water resources is aggravated by rapid industrialization, with the food industry, particularly sugar factories, being the foremost contributor. Sugarcane, a primary source of sugar production, requires vast amounts of water, over half of which is discharged as wastewater, often mixed with several byproducts. The discharge of untreated wastewater can have detrimental effects on the environment, making the treatment and reuse of effluents crucial. However, conventional treatment systems may not be adequate for sugarcane industry effluent treatment due to the high organic load and variable chemical and mineral pollution. It is essential to explore pollution-remediating technologies that can achieve a nexus (water, energy, and food) approach and contribute to sustainable development. Based on the extensive literature, membrane technologies such as the membrane bioreactor have shown promising results in treating sugarcane industry wastewater, producing treated water of higher quality, and the possibility of biogas recovery. The byproducts generated from this treatment can also be recovered and used in agriculture for food security. To date, membrane technologies have demonstrated successful results in treating industrial wastewater. This critical review aims to evaluate the performance of traditional and conventional processes in order to propose sustainable perspectives. It also serves to emphasize the need for further research on operating conditions related to membrane bioreactors for valuing sugarcane effluent, to establish it as a sustainable treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul Wahab Nouhou Moussa
- Laboratoire Eaux Hydro-Systèmes et Agriculture (LEHSA), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), Rue de la Science, Ouagadougou 01 BP 594, Burkina Faso; (B.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Boukary Sawadogo
- Laboratoire Eaux Hydro-Systèmes et Agriculture (LEHSA), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), Rue de la Science, Ouagadougou 01 BP 594, Burkina Faso; (B.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yacouba Konate
- Laboratoire Eaux Hydro-Systèmes et Agriculture (LEHSA), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), Rue de la Science, Ouagadougou 01 BP 594, Burkina Faso; (B.S.); (Y.K.)
| | - Sayon dit Sadio Sidibe
- Laboratoire Energies Renouvelables et Efficacité Energétique (LaBEREE), Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (2iE), Rue de la Science, Ouagadougou 01 BP 594, Burkina Faso
| | - Marc Heran
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR-5635, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, CEDEX 5, 34095 Montpellier, France;
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Zhang Y, Deng J, Xiao X, Li YY, Liu J. Insights on pretreatment technologies for partial nitrification/anammox processes: A critical review and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129351. [PMID: 37336448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
For almost 20 years, partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) has been the subject of intensive study and development. Pretreatment of wastewater for PN/A is crucial because the inhibitory substances in the influent may reduce the performance of PN/A. In this review, the current PN/A pretreatment technologies are comprehensively summarized. The selection of pretreatment technology for PN/A depending on the source of the wastewater and its main characteristics (high-strength wastewater or municipal wastewater, organic matters, suspended solids). Comparison of pretreatment technologies through multiple perspectives including wastewater characteristics, the objectives of the wastewater treatment (treating requirement, energy and resource recovery demand), reactor configuration of PN/A. Based on the discussion, two integrated processes, HRAS + one-stage PN/A and advanced AD + two-stage PN/A, are recommended as the preferred processes for treating municipal wastewater and wastewater with a high-strength ammonium, respectively. This review aims to provide guidance for future research and development of PN/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiayuan Deng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiangmin Xiao
- Cangzhou Water Supply and Drainage Group Company Limited, 15 West Jiuhe Road, Cangzhou, Hebei Province 061001, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Siagian UWR, Aryanti PTP, Widiasa IN, Khoiruddin K, Wardani AK, Ting YP, Wenten IG. Performance and economic evaluation of a pilot scale embedded ends-free membrane bioreactor (EEF-MBR). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12551-y. [PMID: 37178308 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an embedded ends-free membrane bioreactor (EEF-MBR) has been developed to overcome the fouling problem. The EEF-MBR unit has a novel configuration where a bed of granular activated carbon is placed in the bioreactor tank and fluidized by the aeration system. The performance of pilot-scale EEF-MBR was assessed based on flux and selectivity over 140 h. The permeate flux fluctuated between 2 and 10 L.m-2.h-1 under operating pressure of 0.07-0.2 bar when EEF-MBR was used to treat wastewater containing high organic matter. The COD removal efficiency was more than 99% after 1 h of operating time. Results from the pilot-scale performance were then used to design a large-scale EEF-MBR with 1200 m3.day-1 capacity. Economic analysis showed that this new MBR configuration was cost-effective when the permeate flux was set at 10 L.m-2.h-1. The estimated additional cost for the large-scale wastewater treatment was about 0.25 US$.m-3 with a payback period of 3 years. KEY POINTS: • Performance of new MBR configuration, EEF-MBR, was assessed in long term operation. • EEF-MBR shows high COD removal and relatively stable flux. • Cost estimation of large scale shows the cost effective EEF-MBR application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utjok Welo Risma Siagian
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | | | - I Nyoman Widiasa
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof Sudarto-Tembalang, Semarang, 50239, Indonesia
| | - Khoiruddin Khoiruddin
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Anita Kusuma Wardani
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Yen Peng Ting
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - I Gede Wenten
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
- Research Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
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Shah SSA, Park H, Park HJ, Kim J, Mameda N, Choo KH. The relationship between quorum sensing dynamics and biological performances during anaerobic membrane bioreactor treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127930. [PMID: 36261999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) enhance carbon neutrality with biomethane recovery from wastewater; however, microbial signaling, which may affect biological performances, was poorly understood. Here, we thus evaluate quorum sensing (QS) dynamics while monitoring acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and autoinducer-2 (AI-2) levels during long-term AnMBR operations after sludge inoculation. Significant organic removal and methane production were achieved with the reactor startup. Signal molecule levels varied with transient organic loading rates, depending on their types. A starving condition may cause an increase in short- and medium-chain AHLs and AI-2. Biopolymers, biosolids, volatile fatty acids, and alkalinity levels had positive correlations with short- and medium-chain AHLs and AI-2, whereas methane production had positive correlations with long-chain AHLs. The principal component analysis of QS signal composition and biological performance data explains their interconnectivity. The findings of this study help to understand that QS signals regulate metabolic pathways in addition to microbial group behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Salman Ali Shah
- School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeona Park
- Advanced Institute of Water Industry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-June Park
- School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Naresh Mameda
- School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Collage of Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaih Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522302, India
| | - Kwang-Ho Choo
- School of Architectural, Civil, Environmental, and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Advanced Institute of Water Industry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Amouamouha M, Gholikandi GB, Walker TW. Experimental investigation of the performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactor with electrolytic regeneration (AMBER) for challenges and options in wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157080. [PMID: 35810911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Significant changes in wastewater services are necessary for achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs), by utilizing resource recovery, recycle, and reuse in urban wastewater-treatment plants. Based on recent experiences, to improve the filtration behavior of a membrane bioreactor, a hybrid system including an upgraded anaerobic baffled reactor coupled with an electrolysis process and a nanocomposite-membrane was developed. The system, called an anaerobic membrane bioreactor with electrolytic regeneration (AMBER), is a bio-electrochemical process that is expected to be simultaneously efficient in both biogas augmentation and fouling mitigation. The goals were to enhance the stability and efficiency of the anaerobic membrane bioreactor. The integration of the electrolytic process with the ABR (EABR) using a pair of iron electrodes enhanced the removal of contaminants in the ABR while successfully maintained pH in the optimum range for anaerobic digestion (6.8 to 7.2). Then, the performance of AMBER in pollutant removal, including organic load, suspended solids, and microbial load, were investigated over 240 days. The results showed that configuration considerably enhanced permeate flux, as it reduced the deposition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the surface of the nanocomposite membrane, leading to a reduction in membrane fouling. EPS was extracted and quantified to compare the effect of biogas backwash on the function of the membrane reactor. After 7 d of operation with a daily biogas backwash, the flux reduction was approximately 13 % for the conventional combination of the anaerobic baffled reactor and the membrane bioreactor (AMBR), while it was limited to 4 % in AMBER. After cleaning by the biogas, EPS formation decreased 63 % in AMBER when compared to the AMBR. The results revealed that AMBER can be considered an environmentally competitive bioenergy technology for wastewater treatment with the purpose of water recovery and reuse, employing optimized operational conditions, application of antifouling membranes, and electrically-based strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amouamouha
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA
| | | | - Travis W Walker
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA.
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Hu Z, Zheng M, Hu S, Hong PY, Zhang X, Prodanovic V, Zhang K, Pikaar I, Ye L, Deletic A, Yuan Z. Electrochemical iron production to enhance anaerobic membrane treatment of wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119202. [PMID: 36215837 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although iron salts such as iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) have widespread application in wastewater treatment, safety concerns limit their use, due to the corrosive nature of concentrated solutions. This study demonstrates that local, electrochemical generation of iron is a viable alternative to the use of iron salts. Three laboratory systems with anaerobic membrane processes were set up to treat real wastewater; two systems used the production of either in-situ or ex-situ electrochemical iron (as Fe2+ and Fe2+(Fe3+)2O4, respectively), while the other system served as a control. These systems were operated for over one year to assess the impact of electrochemically produced iron on system performance. The results showed that dosing of electrochemical iron significantly reduced sulfide concentration in effluent and hydrogen sulfide content in biogas, and mitigated organics-based membrane fouling, all of which are critical issues inherently related to sustainability of anaerobic wastewater treatment. The electrochemical iron strategy can generate multiple benefits for wastewater management including increased removal efficiencies for total and volatile suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and phosphorus. The rate of methane production also increased with electrochemically produced iron. Economic analysis revealed the viability of electrochemical iron with total cost reduced by one quarter to a third compared with using FeCl3. These benefits indicate that electrochemical iron dosing can greatly enhance the overall operation and performance of anaerobic membrane processes, and this particularly facilitates wastewater management in a decentralized scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhetai Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zheng
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pei-Ying Hong
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, SA 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xueqing Zhang
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Veljko Prodanovic
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ilje Pikaar
- School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Liu Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ana Deletic
- Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Oberoi AS, Surendra KC, Wu D, Lu H, Wong JWC, Kumar Khanal S. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for pharmaceutical-laden wastewater treatment: A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127667. [PMID: 35878778 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticalsare a diverse group of chemical compounds widely used for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in both humans and animals. Pharmaceuticals, either in their original or metabolite form, find way into the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) from different sources. Recently, anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) has received significant research attention for the treatment of pharmaceuticals in various wastewater streams. This review critically examines the behaviour and removal of a wide array of pharmaceuticals in AnMBR with primary focus on their removal efficiencies and mechanisms, critical influencing factors, and the microbial community structures. Subsequently, the inhibitory effects of pharmaceuticals on the performance of AnMBR and membrane fouling are critically discussed. Furthermore, the imperative role of membrane biofouling layer and its components in pharmaceuticals removal is highlighted. Finally, recent advancements in AnMBR configurations for membrane fouling control and enhanced pharmaceuticals removal are systemically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akashdeep Singh Oberoi
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - K C Surendra
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaì'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, 44600 Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Di Wu
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaì'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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Sahreen S, Mukhtar H, Imre K, Morar A, Herman V, Sharif S. Exploring the Function of Quorum Sensing Regulated Biofilms in Biological Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179751. [PMID: 36077148 PMCID: PMC9456111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS), a type of bacterial cell–cell communication, produces autoinducers which help in biofilm formation in response to cell population density. In this review, biofilm formation, the role of QS in biofilm formation and development with reference to biological wastewater treatment are discussed. Autoinducers, for example, acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), auto-inducing oligo-peptides (AIPs) and autoinducer 2, present in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, with their mechanism, are also explained. Over the years, wastewater treatment (WWT) by QS-regulated biofilms and their optimization for WWT have gained much attention. This article gives a comprehensive review of QS regulation methods, QS enrichment methods and QS inhibition methods in biological waste treatment systems. Typical QS enrichment methods comprise adding QS molecules, adding QS accelerants and cultivating QS bacteria, while typical QS inhibition methods consist of additions of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria, QS-degrading enzymes, QS-degrading oxidants, and QS inhibitors. Potential applications of QS regulated biofilms for WWT have also been summarized. At last, the knowledge gaps present in current researches are analyzed, and future study requirements are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Sahreen
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (K.I.); Tel.: +92-3334245581 (H.M.); +40-256277186 (K.I.)
| | - Kálmán Imre
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (K.I.); Tel.: +92-3334245581 (H.M.); +40-256277186 (K.I.)
| | - Adriana Morar
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Viorel Herman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sundas Sharif
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Efficiencies of O-MBR and A/O-MBR for Organic Matter Removal from and Trihalomethane Formation Potential Reduction in Domestic Wastewater. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080761. [PMID: 36005676 PMCID: PMC9416499 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lab-scale anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O-MBR) and oxic membrane bioreactor (O-MBR) systems using a submerged polysulfone hollow-fiber membrane module with a pore size of 0.01 μm and a total surface area of 1.50 m2 were used to treat domestic wastewater. The sludge retention time (SRT) of each system was examined by setting the SRT to 10, 20, and infinity (no sludge withdrawal). The results showed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency of the A/O-MBR was more significant than that of the O-MBR at a SRT of infinity, with figures of 72.3% and 33.1% being found, respectively. The COD removal efficiencies of the A/O-MBR system with a SRT of 10 days, 20 days, and infinity were 82.4%, 84.3%, and 91.5%, respectively. The COD removal efficiencies of the O-MBR system with a SRT of 10 days, 20 days, and infinity were 79.3%, 81.5%, and 89.8%, respectively. An increase in the SRT resulted in an increase in the COD removal efficiency. The FEEM peak of the influent tended to decrease after an increase in the SRT for both systems (A/O-MBR and O-MBR). For the A/O-MBR system, the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) was significantly reduced by 88.91% (at a SRT of infinity). The THMFP declined significantly by 85.39% for the O-MBR system at a SRT of infinity. The A/O-MBR system showed a slightly higher efficiency than the O-MBR system in terms of the COD removal and the THMFP reduction. These results indicated that the MBR process, and the A/O-MBR system, in particular, could be used as an effective wastewater treatment process for many developing countries that are troubled by the emerging contamination of water and wastewater.
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12
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Ibrahim S, Abdul Wahab N. Improved Artificial Neural Network Training Based on Response Surface Methodology for Membrane Flux Prediction. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12080726. [PMID: 35893444 PMCID: PMC9394359 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an improved artificial neural network (ANN) training using response surface methodology (RSM) optimization for membrane flux prediction. The improved ANN utilizes the design of experiment (DoE) technique to determine the neural network parameters. The technique has the advantage of training performance, with a reduced training time and number of repetitions in achieving good model prediction for the permeate flux of palm oil mill effluent. The conventional training process is performed by the trial-and-error method, which is time consuming. In this work, Levenberg–Marquardt (lm) and gradient descent with momentum (gdm) training functions are used, the feed-forward neural network (FFNN) structure is applied to predict the permeate flux, and airflow and transmembrane pressure are the input variables. The network parameters include the number of neurons, the learning rate, the momentum, the epoch, and the training functions. To realize the effectiveness of the DoE strategy, central composite design is incorporated into neural network methodology to achieve both good model accuracy and improved training performance. The simulation results show an improvement of more than 50% of training performance, with less repetition of the training process for the RSM-based FFNN (FFNN-RSM) compared with the conventional-based FFNN (FFNN-lm and FFNN-gdm). In addition, a good accuracy of the models is achieved, with a smaller generalization error.
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13
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Kalaiselvan N, Glivin G, Bakthavatsalam AK, Mariappan V, Premalatha M, Raveendran PS, Jayaraj S, Sekhar SJ. A waste to energy technology for Enrichment of biomethane generation: A review on operating parameters, types of biodigesters, solar assisted heating systems, socio economic benefits and challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133486. [PMID: 35016951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is one of the promising wastestoenergy (WtE) technologies that convert organic wastes to useful gaseous fuel (biogas). In this process methane is produced in the presence of methanogens (bacteria). The survival and activities of methanogens are based on several parameters such as pH, temperature, organic loading rate, types of biodigester. Moreover, these parameters influence the production of biogas in terms of yield and composition. Maintaining an appropriate temperaturefor AD is highly critical and energy intensive. This study reviews the various hybrid technologies assistedbio gas production schemes particularly from renewable energy sources. Also discuss the direct and indirect solar assisted bio-digester impacts and recommendation to improve its performance. In addition, the performance analysis Solar Photovoltaic (PV) and thermal collector assisted bio gas plants; besides their impact on the performance of anaerobic digesters. Since opportunities of solar energy are attractive, the effective utilization of the same is selected for the discussion. Besides, the various constraints that affect the yield and composition of biogas are also evaluated along with the current biogas technologies and the biodigesters. The environmental benefits, challenges and socio-economic factors are also discussed for the successful implementation of various technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kalaiselvan
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Godwin Glivin
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - A K Bakthavatsalam
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - V Mariappan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Premalatha
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Saji Raveendran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Jayaraj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - S Joseph Sekhar
- Department of Engineering, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Shinas, PC 324, Oman
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Influence of the Sludge Retention Time on Membrane Fouling in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) Treating Lipid-Rich Dairy Wastewater. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12030262. [PMID: 35323737 PMCID: PMC8952882 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of sludge retention time (SRT) on the membrane filtration performance of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) fed lipid-rich synthetic dairy wastewater. The membrane filtration performance was evaluated in two AnMBR systems operated at two different SRTs, i.e., 20 and 40 days. For the AnMBR operated at 40 days, SRT exhibited worse membrane filtration performance characterized by operational transmembrane pressures (TMP) exceeding the maximum allowed value and high total resistances to filtration (Rtotal). The sludge in the two reactors evaluated at the different SRTs showed similar sludge filterability properties. However, the sludge in the reactor operated at 40 days SRT was characterized by exhibiting the highest concentrations of: (i) total suspended solids (TSS), (ii) small-sized particles, (iii) extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), (iv) soluble microbial products (SMP), (v) fats, oils and grease (FOG), and (vi) long-chain fatty acids (LCFA). The cake layer resistance was the major contributor to the overall resistance to filtration. The high TSS concentration observed in the AnMBR systems apparently contributed to a less permeable cake layer introducing a negative effect on the membrane filtration performance.
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15
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Kim A, Hak Kim J, Patel R. Modification strategies of membranes with enhanced Anti-biofouling properties for wastewater Treatment: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126501. [PMID: 34890816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This review addresses composite membranes used for wastewater treatment, focusing heavily on the anti-biofouling properties of such membranes. Biofouling caused by the development of a thick biofilm on the membrane surface is a major issue that reduces water permeance and reduces its lifetime. Biofilm formation and adhesion are mitigated by modifying membranes with two-dimensional or zero-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterials or their modified substituents. In particular, nanomaterials based on graphene, including graphene oxide and carbon quantum dots, are mainly used as nanofillers in the membrane. Functionalization of the nanofillers with various organic ligands or compositing the nanofiller with other materials, such as silver nanoparticles, enhances the bactericidal ability of composite membranes. Moreover, such membrane modifications reduce biofilm adhesion while increasing water permeance and salt/dye rejection. This review discusses the recent literature on developing graphene oxide-based and carbon quantum dot-based composite membranes for biofouling-resistant wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, New York City, NY 10003, USA
| | - Jong Hak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Rajkumar Patel
- Energy & Environmental Science and Engineering (EESE), Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Underwood International College, Yonsei University, 85 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsugu, Incheon 21983, South Korea.
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16
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Ni J, Ji J, Li YY, Kubota K. Microbial characteristics in anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating domestic sewage: Effects of HRT and process performance. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 111:392-399. [PMID: 34949368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) equipped with different membrane pore size (0.4 or 0.05 µm) were operated at 25˚C and fed with domestic wastewater. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the reactors was shortened. The microbial communities of the two AnMBRs were investigated by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to see the effects of HRT. The predominant Archaea was an aceticlastic methanogen Methanosaeta. The composition of hydrogenotrophic methanogens changed with the HRTs: the population of Methanobacterium was higher for longer HRTs, whereas the population of unclassified Methanoregulaceae was higher for shorter HRTs. The Anaerolineae, Bacteroidia and Clostridia bacteria were dominant in both of the reactors, with a combined relative abundance of over 55%. The relative abundance of Anaerolineae was proportional to the biogas production performance. The change in the population of hydrogenotrophic methanogens or Anaerolineae can be used as an indicator for process monitoring. The sum of the relative abundance of Anaerolineae and Clostridia fluctuated slightly with changes in the HRT in both AnMBRs when the reactor was stably operated. The co-occurrence analysis revealed the relative abundance of the operational taxonomic units belonging to Anaerolineae and Clostridia was functionally equivalent during the treatment of real domestic sewage. A principal coordination analysis revealed that the changes in the microbial community in each reactor were consistent with the change of HRT. In addition, both the HRT and the stability of the process are important factors for maintaining microbial community structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Ni
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku 980-8579, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jiayuan Ji
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku 980-8579, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku 980-8579, Sendai, Japan; Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku 980-8579, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku 980-8579, Sendai, Japan.
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17
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Aslam A, Khan SJ, Shahzad HMA. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment- potential benefits, constraints, and future perspectives: An updated review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149612. [PMID: 34438128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (AnMBRs) for municipal wastewater treatment has been made sufficiently sustainable for practical implementations. The potential benefits are significant as AnMBRs effectively remove a broad range of contaminants from wastewater for water reuse, degrade organics in wastewater to yield methane-rich biogas for resultant energy production, and concentrate nutrients for subsequent recovery for fertilizer production. However, there still exist some concerns requiring vigilant considerations to make AnMBRs economically and technically viable. This review paper briefly describes process fundamentals and the basic AnMBR configurations and highlights six major factors which obstruct the way to AnMBRs installations affecting their performance for municipal wastewater treatment: (i) organic strength, (ii) membrane fouling, (iii) salinity build-up, (iv) inhibitory substances, (v) temperature, and (vi) membrane stability. This review also covers the energy utilization and energy potential in AnMBRs aiming energy neutrality or positivity of the systems which entails the requirement to further determine the economics of AnMBRs. The implications and related discussions have also been made on future perspectives of the concurrent challenges being faced in AnMBRs operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Aslam
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sher Jamal Khan
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
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18
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Zhou M, Shi Q, Wang Y. Application of hydrophilic modified nylon fabric membrane in an anammox-membrane bioreactor: performance and fouling characteristics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:5330-5344. [PMID: 34420166 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The membrane fouling is the main bottleneck hindering the wide applications of anammox-membrane bioreactor (MBR). In this study, surface-coating hydrophilic modification of the membrane using polyvinyl alcohol was applied in a granular anammox-MBR. Stable anammox performance of >77% total nitrogen removal efficiency was achieved in both original and modified MBRs, along with decreasing anammox granule size. The modified membrane exhibited superior flux performance, and the membrane foulants were reduced in the MBR operation. Specifically, the foulant formation rate (f) was 0.46 g·m-2·d-1 for the modified membrane with 100-μm coating thickness (M100) compared with 0.75 g·m-2·d-1 for the original membrane (M0). However, the fouling cycle of the modified membrane with 250-μm coating thickness (M250) was greatly shortened (5 days compared with 19 days for M0) and f increased to 1.25 g·m-2·d-1. Specially, the excess adhesion of exopolysaccharides and humic substances to the hydrophilic modified membrane changed the fouling layer structure and filtration resistance distribution, ultimately causing higher filtration resistance when coating thickness increased. Notably, the flux decline contribution of the concentration polarization was only 33.3% for M0, while it was 71.3% for M250. Finally, it was revealed that using a modified membrane increased the biological secretion rate of polysaccharide but decreased the protein bio-production rate, leading to a high PS (polysaccharide)/PN (protein) ratio in the MBR. The fouling mechanism of the hydrophilic modified membrane applied in anammox-MBR was proposed, and we highlight that the degree of hydrophilic modification is crucial to mitigating membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingda Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Chen GQ, Wu YH, Fang PS, Bai Y, Chen Z, Xu YQ, Wang YH, Tong X, Luo LW, Wang HB, Zhang ZW, Ikuno N, Hu HY. Performance of different pretreatment methods on alleviating reverse osmosis membrane fouling caused by soluble microbial products. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Maneewan P, Sajomsang W, Singto S, Lohwacharin J, Suwannasilp BB. Fouling mitigation in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor via membrane surface modification with tannic acid and copper. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118205. [PMID: 34583268 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) have recently received a great amount of attention as an alternative anaerobic treatment process due to their superior capability for sludge retention with high effluent quality. Nevertheless, membrane fouling in AnMBRs has been a major concern. In this study, the surfaces of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membranes were modified with tannic acid (TA) and Cu(II) at various molar ratios of TA to Cu(II), including 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. The hydrophilicity, morphology, chemical structure, elemental composition, and antibacterial properties of the unmodified and modified membranes were analyzed using water contact angle measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), SEM-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX), and the clear zone method, respectively. The modified membrane with a TA-to-Cu(II) molar ratio of 1:3 had high hydrophilicity with certain antibacterial properties; therefore, it was selected to be further tested in an AnMBR along with an unmodified membrane. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of the unmodified membrane and modified membrane were 92.2 ± 3.6% and 91.8 ± 4.0%, respectively. The modified membrane had higher permeability after backwashing with less chemical cleaning (CC) than the unmodified membrane. Surface modification with TA and Cu(II) appeared to reduce irreversible fouling on the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punika Maneewan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Warayuth Sajomsang
- Nanoengineered Soft Materials for Green Environment Laboratory, National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Research Network of NANOTEC-CU (RNN) on Environment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sudkanueng Singto
- Nanoengineered Soft Materials for Green Environment Laboratory, National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Research Network of NANOTEC-CU (RNN) on Environment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jenyuk Lohwacharin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Research Network of NANOTEC-CU (RNN) on Environment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Benjaporn Boonchayaanant Suwannasilp
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Research Network of NANOTEC-CU (RNN) on Environment, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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21
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Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment: A Literature Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120967. [PMID: 34940468 PMCID: PMC8703433 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is growing scientific interest in the development of more economic, efficient and environmentally friendly municipal wastewater treatment technologies. Laboratory and pilot-scale surveys have revealed that the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) is a promising alternative for municipal wastewater treatment. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology combines the advantages of anaerobic processes and membrane technology. Membranes retain colloidal and suspended solids and provide complete solid–liquid separation. The slow-growing anaerobic microorganisms in the bioreactor degrade the soluble organic matter, producing biogas. The low amount of produced sludge and the production of biogas makes AnMBRs favorable over conventional biological treatment technologies. However, the AnMBR is not yet fully mature and challenging issues remain. This work focuses on fundamental aspects of AnMBRs in the treatment of municipal wastewater. The important parameters for AnMBR operation, such as pH, temperature, alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and solids retention time, are discussed. Moreover, through a comprehensive literature survey of recent applications from 2009 to 2021, the current state of AnMBR technology is assessed and its limitations are highlighted. Finally, the need for further laboratory, pilot- and full-scale research is addressed.
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22
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Zhao Y, Qiu Y, Mamrol N, Ren L, Li X, Shao J, Yang X, van der Bruggen B. Membrane bioreactors for hospital wastewater treatment: recent advancements in membranes and processes. Front Chem Sci Eng 2021; 16:634-660. [PMID: 34849268 PMCID: PMC8617552 DOI: 10.1007/s11705-021-2107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Discharged hospital wastewater contains various pathogenic microorganisms, antibiotic groups, toxic organic compounds, radioactive elements, and ionic pollutants. These contaminants harm the environment and human health causing the spread of disease. Thus, effective treatment of hospital wastewater is an urgent task for sustainable development. Membranes, with controllable porous and nonporous structures, have been rapidly developed for molecular separations. In particular, membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology demonstrated high removal efficiency toward organic compounds and low waste sludge production. To further enhance the separation efficiency and achieve material recovery from hospital waste streams, novel concepts of MBRs and their applications are rapidly evolved through hybridizing novel membranes (non hydrophilic ultrafiltration/microfiltration) into the MBR units (hybrid MBRs) or the MBR as a pretreatment step and integrating other membrane processes as subsequent secondary purification step (integrated MBR-membrane systems). However, there is a lack of reviews on the latest advancement in MBR technologies for hospital wastewater treatment, and analysis on its major challenges and future trends. This review started with an overview of main pollutants in common hospital waste-water, followed by an understanding on the key performance indicators/criteria in MBR membranes (i.e., solute selectivity) and processes (e.g., fouling). Then, an in-depth analysis was provided into the recent development of hybrid MBR and integrated MBR-membrane system concepts, and applications correlated with wastewater sources, with a particular focus on hospital wastewaters. It is anticipated that this review will shed light on the knowledge gaps in the field, highlighting the potential contribution of hybrid MBRs and integrated MBR-membrane systems toward global epidemic prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yangbo Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Natalie Mamrol
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Longfei Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jiahui Shao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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23
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Cao M, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Effect of applied voltage on membrane fouling in the amplifying anaerobic electrochemical membrane bioreactor for long-term operation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31364-31372. [PMID: 35496841 PMCID: PMC9041332 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05500c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel and amplifying anaerobic electrochemical membrane bioreactor (AnEMBR, R2) was constructed and operated for a long time (204 days) with synthetic glucose solution having an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 315 mg L−1, at different applied voltages and room temperatures. More than twice sodium bicarbonate was added for maintaining a pH of around 6.7 in the supernatant of the reactor R2, close to that of a control reactor called anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR, R1), after 138 days. And the transmembrane pressure (TMP) for the R2 system was only 0.534 bar at the end of operation and 0.615 bar for the R1 system. Although the electrostatic repulsion force contributed to pushing away the pollutants (proteins, polysaccharose and inorganic salt deposits, and so on), more microorganisms adsorbed and accumulated on the membrane surface after the whole operation, which might result in a rapid increase in membrane filtration resistance in the long-term operation. There were much more exoelectrogenic bacteria, mainly Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria and Grammaproteobacteria, on the cathode and the dominant methanogen Methanothrix content on the cathode was three times higher than the AnMBR. The study provides an important theoretical foundation for the application of AnEMBR technology in the treatment of low organic strength wastewater. A novel and amplifying anaerobic electrochemical membrane bioreactor was constructed and operated for a long time (204 days) with synthetic glucose solution having an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 315 mg L−1, at different applied voltages and room temperatures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjing Cao
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China +86 13693219897.,Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China +86 13693219897.,Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China +86 13693219897.,Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
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24
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Operation of Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors at 20 °C: Effect of Solids Retention Time on Flux, Mixed Liquor Characteristics and Performance. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Four flat-sheet submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors ran for 242 days on a simulated domestic wastewater with low Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and high suspended solids. Organic loading was maintained around 1.0 g COD L−1 day−1, while solids retention time (SRT) was varied from 20–90 days. This was achieved at a constant membrane flux, maintained by adjusting transmembrane pressure (TMP) in the range 1.8–9.8 kPa. Membrane fouling was assessed based on the required TMP, with mixed liquors characterised using capillary suction time, frozen image centrifugation and quantification of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). SRT had a significant effect on these parameters: fouling was least at an SRT of 30 days and highest at 60 days, with some reduction as this extended to 90 days. Operation at SRT < 30 days showed no further benefits. Although operation at a short SRT was optimal for membrane performance it led to lower specific methane productivity, higher biomass yields and higher effluent COD. Short SRT may also have accelerated the loss of essential trace elements, leading to reduced performance under these conditions. A COD-based mass balance was conducted, including both biomass and methane dissolved in the effluent.
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25
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Ariunbaatar J, Bair R, Ozcan O, Ravishankar H, Esposito G, Lens PNL, Yeh DH. Performance of AnMBR in Treatment of Post-consumer Food Waste: Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time and Organic Loading Rate on Biogas Production and Membrane Fouling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:594936. [PMID: 33537290 PMCID: PMC7848113 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.594936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion of food waste (FW) is typically limited to large reactors due to high hydraulic retention times (HRTs). Technologies such as anaerobic membrane reactors (AnMBRs) can perform anaerobic digestion at lower HRTs while maintaining high chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. This study evaluated the effect of HRT and organic loading rate (OLR) on the stability and performance of a side-stream AnMBR in treating diluted fresh food waste (FW). The reactor was fed with synthetic FW at an influent concentration of 8.24 (± 0.12) g COD/L. The OLR was increased by reducing the HRT from 20 to 1 d. The AnMBR obtained an overall removal efficiency of >97 and >98% of the influent COD and total suspended solids (TSS), respectively, throughout the course of operation. The biological process was able to convert 76% of the influent COD into biogas with 70% methane content, while the cake layer formed on the membrane gave an additional COD removal of 7%. Total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were found to be higher in the bioreactor than in the influent, and average overall removal efficiencies of 17.3 (± 5) and 61.5 (± 3)% of TAN and TN, respectively, were observed with respect to the bioreactor concentrations after 2 weeks. Total phosphorus (TP) had an average removal efficiency of 40.39 (± 5)% with respect to the influent. Membrane fouling was observed when the HRT was decreased from 7 to 5 d and was alleviated through backwashing. This study suggests that the side-stream AnMBR can be used to successfully reduce the typical HRT of wet anaerobic food waste (solids content 7%) digesters from 20 days to 1 day, while maintaining a high COD removal efficiency and biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javkhlan Ariunbaatar
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Robert Bair
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Onur Ozcan
- Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Harish Ravishankar
- Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
| | - Piet N L Lens
- Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - Daniel H Yeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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Occurrence and Fate of Emerging Pollutants in Water Environment and Options for Their Removal. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging pollutants (EPs) are chemicals known to cause major impacts on the terrestrial, aquatic life and human health as a result of their chronic and acute toxicity. Although lots of studies on EPs behavior in the aquatic environment are currently available in literature, an urgent requirement exists to complete toxicological studies and develop and implement efficient and ecological methods for their removal. This paper raises some relevant problems related to water environment pollution with EPs, the risks they can generate for aquatic life and humans and opportunities to reduce the effects of pollution by EPs removal. Categories of emerging chemicals of concern in the environment, their sources, fate and impacts, with some examples are discussed. Organic UV filters are shortly presented as a relative new EPs category, with a focus on the need to develop extensive experimental studies on their environmental occurrence, fate and removal. Furthermore, sources for the aquatic environment resulting from discharging EPs directly into rivers from wastewater treatment plants are examined. The incidence of environmental and human health risks related to EPs is also considered. The removal of EPs from the environment as a solution to risk mitigation is addressed, with emphasis on several non-conventional processes involving biological removal of EPs. The paper provides a critical look at the current challenges posed by the presence of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment, with critical comments and recommendations for further research to reduce the impact of EPs on water and human health and improve the performance of developed methods for their removal.
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Vinardell S, Dosta J, Mata-Alvarez J, Astals S. Unravelling the economics behind mainstream anaerobic membrane bioreactor application under different plant layouts. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 319:124170. [PMID: 33011628 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This research evaluated the economic feasibility of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) as a mainstream technology for municipal sewage treatment. To this end, different wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) layouts were considered, including primary settler, AnMBR, degassing membrane, partial nitritation-Anammox, phosphorus precipitation and sidestream anaerobic digestion. The net treatment cost of an AnMBR-WWTP decreased from 0.42 to 0.35 € m-3 as the sewage COD concentration increased from 100 to 1100 mg COD L-1 due to revenue from electricity production. However, the net treatment cost increased above 0.51 € m-3 when nutrient removal technologies were included. The AnMBR and partial nitritation-Anammox were the costliest processes representing a 57.6 and 30.3% of the treatment cost, respectively. Energy self-sufficiency was achieved for high-strength municipal sewage treatment (1000 mg COD L-1) and a COD:SO42--S ratio above 40. Overall, the results showed that mainstream AnMBR has potential to be an economically competitive option for full-scale implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vinardell
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Dosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Mata-Alvarez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Astals
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Medina SC, Zamora-Vacca N, Luna HJ, Ratkovich N, Rodríguez Susa M. SMP Production in an Anaerobic Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) at Different Organic Loading Rates. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E317. [PMID: 33142958 PMCID: PMC7692452 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) have demonstrated an excellent capability to treat domestic wastewater. However, biofouling reduces membrane permeability, increasing operational costs and overall energy demand. Soluble microbial products (SMPs) that build up on the membrane surface play a significant role in the biofouling. In this study, the production of SMPs in a 32 L submerged AnMBR operated at three different organic loads (3.0, 4.1 and 1.2 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m3d for phases 1, 2 and 3, respectively) during long-term operation of the reactor (144, 83 and 94 days) were evaluated. The samples were taken from both the permeate and the sludge at three different heights (0.14, 0.44 and 0.75 m). Higher production of SMPs was obtained in phase 2, which was proportional to the membrane fouling. There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in the SMPs extracted from sludge at different heights among the three phases. In the permeate of phases 1, 2 and 3, the membrane allowed the removal of 56%, 70% and 64% of the SMP concentration in the sludge. SMPs were characterized by molecular weight (MW). A bimodal behavior was obtained, where fractions prevailed with an MW < 1 kDa, associated with SMPs as utilization-associated products (UAPs) caused fouling by the pore-blocking mechanism. The chemical analysis found that, in the SMPs, the unknown COD predominated over the known COD, such as carbohydrates and proteins. These results suggest that further studies in SMP characterization should focus on the unknown COD fraction to understand the membrane fouling in AnMBR systems better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra C. Medina
- Environmental Engineering Research Center (CIIA), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra. 1 #18a 12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (S.C.M.); (H.J.L.); (M.R.S.)
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nataly Zamora-Vacca
- Environmental Engineering Research Center (CIIA), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra. 1 #18a 12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (S.C.M.); (H.J.L.); (M.R.S.)
- Escuela de Ciencias, Agrícolas, Pecuarias y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Calle 14 Sur # 23 - 14, Bogotá 551015, Colombia
| | - Hector J. Luna
- Environmental Engineering Research Center (CIIA), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra. 1 #18a 12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (S.C.M.); (H.J.L.); (M.R.S.)
- Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Calle 22 Sur # 12D - 81, Bogotá 111511, Colombia
| | - Nicolas Ratkovich
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Manuel Rodríguez Susa
- Environmental Engineering Research Center (CIIA), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Cra. 1 #18a 12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (S.C.M.); (H.J.L.); (M.R.S.)
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Fouling Mitigation by Cationic Polymer Addition into a Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Fed with Blackwater. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102383. [PMID: 33081226 PMCID: PMC7602741 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic polymers have proven to be suitable flux enhancers (FEs) in large-scale aerobic membrane bioreactors (MBRs), whereas in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) research is scarce, and so far, only done at lab-scale. Results from MBRs cannot be directly translated to AnMBRs because the extent and nature of membrane fouling under anaerobic and aerobic conditions are different. Our research focused on the long-term effect of dosing the cationic polymer Adifloc KD451 to a pilot AnMBR, fed with source-separated domestic blackwater. A single dosage of Adifloc KD451 at 50 mg L-1 significantly enhanced the filtration performance in the AnMBR, revealed by a decrease in both fouling rate and total filtration resistance. Nevertheless, FE addition had an immediate negative effect on the specific methanogenic activity (SMA), but this was a reversible process that had no adverse effect on permeate quality or chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the AnMBR. Moreover, the FE had a long-term positive effect on AnMBR filtration performance and sludge filterability. These findings indicate that dosing Adifloc KD451 is a suitable strategy for fouling mitigation in AnMBRs because it led to a long-term improvement in filtration performance, while having no significant adverse effects on permeate quality or COD removal.
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Abstract
The integration of membranes inside a catalytic reactor is an intensification strategy to combine separation and reaction steps in one single physical unit. In this case, a selective removal or addition of a reactant or product will occur, which can circumvent thermodynamic equilibrium and drive the system performance towards a higher product selectivity. In the case of an inorganic membrane reactor, a membrane separation is coupled with a reaction system (e.g., steam reforming, autothermal reforming, etc.), while in a membrane bioreactor a biological treatment is combined with a separation through the membranes. The objective of this article is to review the latest developments in membrane reactors in both inorganic and membrane bioreactors, followed by a report on new trends, applications, and future perspectives.
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31
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Harirchi S, Etemadifar Z, Yazdian F, Taherzadeh MJ. Efficacy of polyextremophilic Aeribacillus pallidus on bioprocessing of beet vinasse derived from ethanol industries. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 313:123662. [PMID: 32563794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the applicability of Aeribacillus pallidus for the aerobic treatment of the concentrated beet vinasse with high chemical oxygen demand (COD 685 g.L-1) that is defined as an environmental pollutant. This bacterium is a polyextremophilic strain and grow aerobically up to 7.5% vinasse at high temperature (50 °C). In the bioreactor and under controlled conditions, A. pallidus reduced the soluble COD content of 5% vinasse up to 27% during 48 h and utilized glucose and glycerol, completely. Furthermore, a reduction of manganese, copper, aluminum, and nickel concentrations was observed in the treated vinasse with A. pallidus. The obtained results make this strain as an appropriate alternative to be used for the aerobic bioprocessing of the vinasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharareh Harirchi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Etemadifar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdian
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Shahid MK, Kashif A, Rout PR, Aslam M, Fuwad A, Choi Y, Banu J R, Park JH, Kumar G. A brief review of anaerobic membrane bioreactors emphasizing recent advancements, fouling issues and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110909. [PMID: 32721343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent development and studies of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to control fouling issues. AnMBR is an emerging waste water treatment technology mainly because of its low sludge residual, high volumetric organic removal rate, complete liquid-solid separation, better effluent quality, efficient resource recovery and the small footprint. This paper surveys the fundamental aspects of AnMBRs, including its applications, membrane configurations, and recent progress for enhanced reactor performance. Furthermore, the membrane fouling, a major restriction in the practical application of AnMBR, its mechanism and antifouling strategies like membrane cleaning, quorum quenching, ultrasonic treatment, membrane modifications, and antifouling agents are briefly discussed. Based on the review, the key issues that require urgent attention to facilitate large scale and integrated application of AnMBR technology are identified and future research perspectives relating to the prevalent issues are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kashif Shahid
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ayesha Kashif
- Department of Senior Health Care, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Prangya Ranjan Rout
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Fuwad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyun Choi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajesh Banu J
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeong Hoon Park
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anam Campus, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Norway.
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33
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Oztemur G, Teksoy Basaran S, Tayran Z, Sahinkaya E. Fluidized bed membrane bioreactor achieves high sulfate reduction and filtration performances at moderate temperatures. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126587. [PMID: 32443270 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The study explored the potential of an up-flow sulfate reducing fluidized-bed membrane bioreactor (SR-FMBR) for biogenic sulfide generation at room temperature together with evaluation of filtration and fouling characteristics developed under various operational conditions. The SR-FMBR was tested at different COD/sulfate (mg/mg) ratios for a total of 127 days, initially at 35 °C and then at 23 °C. SR-FMBR was able to achieve COD oxidation and sulfate reduction efficiencies up to 98%, and allowed for biogenic sulfide generation up to 600 mg/L (97% of theoretical value) at room temperature. Alkalinity was generated as a result of sulfate reduction and averaged around 1900 mgCaCO3/L in the permeate. Hence, starting the bioreactor operation at 35 °C and then decreasing it to 23 °C did not adversely affect the process performance. High filtration fluxes up to 9.3 L/m2/h (LMH) could be maintained at employed hydraulic retention times between 24 h and 6 h. Observing relatively high filtration performance was due to keeping a high fraction of biomass attached to the carrier material, which decreased the cake formation potential on the membrane surface compared to conventional MBR operation. The SR-FMBR performance may further be tested for heavy metal removal under sulfidogenic conditions for acid mine drainage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guldenur Oztemur
- Environmental and Energy Systems Engineering Program, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senem Teksoy Basaran
- Environmental and Energy Systems Engineering Program, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Tayran
- Environmental and Energy Systems Engineering Program, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Sahinkaya
- Environmental and Energy Systems Engineering Program, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul Medeniyet University, 34700, Istanbul, Turkey
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34
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Shah SSA, Choo KH. Isolation and characterization of novel indigenous facultative quorum quenching bacterial strains for ambidextrous biofouling control. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 308:123269. [PMID: 32251857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quorum quenching (QQ), the disruption of microbial communication, has proven to be effective as an innovative anti-biofouling strategy for membrane bioreactors (MBRs). However, QQ bacteria for anaerobic environments have not been extensively analyzed in previous research. This study thus investigated facultative QQ bacterial strains that exhibit potential for use in aerobic and anaerobic MBRs. Two novel QQ strains from the genus Pseudomonas (KS2 and KS10) were isolated from anaerobic digester sludge using signal molecules as the sole carbon source. The two QQ strains exhibited significant signal molecule degradation depending on the oxygen levels and demonstrated endogenous QQ activity, with KS2 producing lactonase and KS10 producing acylase. The QQ strains significantly reduced the formation of the biofilm generated by both Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) and real sludge. Facultative QQ strains have the potential to offer a more flexible option for effective biofouling control in both aerobic and anaerobic MBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Salman Ali Shah
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ho Choo
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Advanced Institute of Water Industry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Martínez R, Ruiz M, Ramos C, Cámara J, Diez V. Comparison of external and submerged membranes used in anaerobic membrane bioreactors: Fouling related issues and biological activity. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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36
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Crone BC, Sorial GA, Pressman JG, Ryu H, Keely SP, Brinkman N, Bennett-Stamper C, Garland JL. Design and evaluation of degassed anaerobic membrane biofilm reactors for improved methane recovery. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2020; 10:100407. [PMID: 33015594 PMCID: PMC7529100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater (DWW) produces dissolved methane that needs to be recovered for use as an energy product. Membrane-based recovery systems have been reported in the literature but are often limited by fouling. The objective of this study was to develop a methane producing biofilm on the shell side surface a membrane to allow for immediate recovery of methane as it was produced, negating mass transfer resistance caused by fouling. Between 89 and 96% of total methane produced was recovered via in-situ degassing without the need for fouling control or cleaning throughout 72 weeks of operation. High methane recovery efficiencies led to predictions of net positive energy yield in one reactor and a 32-61% reduction in energy demand in the others compared to the control. This research demonstrates the feasibility and usefulness of combining attached growth anaerobic wastewater treatment processes with hollow fiber membrane methane recovery systems for improved operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Crone
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, United States of America
| | - George A Sorial
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Jonathan G Pressman
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, United States of America
| | - Hodon Ryu
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, United States of America
| | - Scott P Keely
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, United States of America
| | - Nichole Brinkman
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, United States of America
| | - Christina Bennett-Stamper
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, United States of America
| | - Jay L Garland
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, United States of America
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37
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Jiang B, Zeng Q, Liu J, Hou Y, Xu J, Li H, Shi S, Ma F. Enhanced treatment performance of phenol wastewater and membrane antifouling by biochar-assisted EMBR. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123147. [PMID: 32171174 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-assisted EMBR (BC-assisted EMBR) was built to enhance treatment performance of phenol wastewater and membrane antifouling. BC-assisted EMBR significantly increased phenol degradation efficiency, owing to combined effects of biodegradation, adsorption and electro-catalytic degradation. Meanwhile, BC-assisted EMBR obviously mitigated membrane fouling. The coupling effect of BC and voltage led to the lower N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and bound extracellular polymeric substances (bound EPS) contents around and on membrane surface. Protein (PN)/polysaccharide (PS) in bound EPS was decreased, led to the increase of negative charge and decrease of hydrophobicity of sludge, which abated bound EPS adsorption on membrane surface. Microbial community analyses revealed that the coupling effect of BC and voltage could enrich phenol-degraders (e.g., Comamonas), electron transfer genus (Phaselicystis), and biopolymer-degraders (Phaselicystis and Tepidisphaera) in BC-assisted EMBR and on its membrane surface, while decrease biofilm-former (e.g., Acinetobacter) and bound EPS-producer (Devosia), which was beneficial to promote phenol treatment and mitigate membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qianzhi Zeng
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yuan Hou
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Shengnan Shi
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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38
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Jiang B, Zeng Q, Hou Y, Li H, Liu J, Xu J, Shi S, Ma F. Impacts of long-term electric field applied on the membrane fouling mitigation and shifts of microbial communities in EMBR for treating phenol wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:137139. [PMID: 32045761 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The membrane antifouling and shifts of microbial communities of long-term electric field applied in MBR (EMBR) for treating phenol wastewater was systematically investigated. The increased voltage increased the phenol degradation rate and slowed down the TMP increase rate in EMBR (G1-G4: 1.65 × 10-3-8.40 × 10-4 Mpa/d), indicated the enhancement of phenol treatment and mitigation of membrane fouling. Decrease of protein (PN)/polysaccharide (PS) in EPS increased the negative charge and decreased the hydrophobicity of sludge, thus abated its adsorption on membrane surface. The decrease of AHLs concentration attributed to the electrolysis of AHLs by the electro-generated H2O2. Besides, the AHLs had significantly negative correlation with QQ bacteria Rhodococcus and Stenotrophomonas enrichment and positive correlation with QS bacteria Aeromonas decrease in EMBRs, suggesting that coupling effects of voltage and QQ bacteria degraded AHLs, thus decreased EPS content which was positively correlated with AHLs concentration. Biopolymer-degrading genera (Clostridium sensu strict etc.) increased in EMBR and on membrane surface, while biofilm-forming genera (Pseudomonas etc.) decreased on membrane surface. These resulted in EPS content decrease and membrane antifouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Liaoning Key Lab of Marine Fishery Molecular Biology, Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qianzhi Zeng
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yuan Hou
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Shengnan Shi
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Xu B, Albert Ng TC, Huang S, Shi X, Ng HY. Feasibility of isolated novel facultative quorum quenching consortiums for fouling control in an AnMBR. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 114:151-180. [PMID: 31706123 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology is being recognized as an appealing strategy for wastewater treatment, however, severity of membrane fouling inhibits its widespread implementations. This study engineered novel facultative quorum quenching consortiums (FQQs) coping with membrane fouling in AnMBRs with preliminary analysis for their quorum quenching (QQ) performances. Herein, Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)-based quorum sensing (QS) in a lab-scale AnMBR initially revealed that N-Hexanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), N-Octanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL) and N-Decanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) were the dominant AHLs in AnMBRs in this study. Three FQQs, namely, FQQ-C6, FQQ-C8 and FQQ-C10, were harvested after anaerobic screening of aerobic QQ consortiums (AeQQs) which were isolated by enrichment culture, aiming to degrade C6-HSL, C8-HSL and C10-HSL, respectively. Growth of FQQ-C6 and FQQ-C10 using AHLs as carbon source under anaerobic condition was significantly faster than those using acetate, congruously suggesting that their QQ performance will not be compromised in AnMBRs. All FQQs degraded a wide range of AHLs pinpointing their extensive QQ ability. FQQ-C6, FQQ-C8 and FQQ-C10 remarkably alleviated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production in a lab-scale AnMBR by 72.46%, 35.89% and 65.88%, respectively, and FQQ-C6 retarded membrane fouling of the AnMBR by 2 times. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that there was a major shift in dominant species from AeQQs to FQQs where Comamonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Stenotrophomonas sp. and Ochrobactrum sp. survived after anaerobic screening and were the majority in FQQs. High growth rate utilizing AHLs under anaerobic condition and enormous EPS retardation efficiency in FQQ-C6 and FQQ-C10 could be attributed to Comamonas sp.. These findings demonstrated that FQQs could be leveraged for QQ under anaerobic systems. We believe that this was the first work proposing a bacterial pool of facultative QQ candidates holding biotechnological promises for membrane fouling control in AnMBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Xu
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576
| | - Tze Chiang Albert Ng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576
| | - Shujuan Huang
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576
| | - Xueqing Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao, 266033, PR China
| | - How Yong Ng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576; National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore.
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40
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Vinardell S, Astals S, Mata-Alvarez J, Dosta J. Techno-economic analysis of combining forward osmosis-reverse osmosis and anaerobic membrane bioreactor technologies for municipal wastewater treatment and water production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122395. [PMID: 31761630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The economic feasibility of combining forward osmosis (FO), reverse osmosis (RO) and anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technologies for municipal wastewater treatment with energy and water production was analysed. FO was used to pre-concentrate the AnMBR influent, RO for draw solution regeneration and water production, and AnMBR for wastewater treatment and energy production. The minimum wastewater treatment cost was estimated at 0.81 € m-3, achieved when limiting the FO recovery to 50% in a closed-loop scheme. However, the cost increased to 1.01 and 1.27 € m-3 for FO recoveries of 80% and 90%, respectively. The fresh water production cost was estimated at 0.80 and 1.16 € m-3 for an open-loop scheme maximising water production and a closed-loop scheme, respectively. The low FO membrane fluxes were identified as a limiting factor and a sensitivity analysis revealed that FO membrane fluxes of 10 LMH would significantly improve the competitiveness of FO-RO + AnMBR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Vinardell
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergi Astals
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Mata-Alvarez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Dosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Aslam A, Khan SJ, Shahzad HMA. Impact of sludge recirculation ratios on the performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121473. [PMID: 31129515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The performance of a lab scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) was evaluated for wastewater treatment. The efficacy of the system was determined at different operating conditions in terms of fluxes and recirculation ratios (R); 10.28 L/m2 h (R = 1, Phase I), 8.8 L/m2 h (R = 2, Phase II and R = 3, Phase III) and 6 L/m2 h (R = 2, Phase IV and R = 3, Phase V), respectively. In comparison with all the operating conditions tested, optimum efficacy of the system was found at flux of 6 L/m2 h and R of 3 in terms of highest COD removal (96.7%), and maximum biogas yield (0.44 L/g CODremoved). The MLSS and MLVSS concentrations under optimum phase were 6.23 and 4.83 g/L, respectively at OLR of 0.46 kg COD/m3 day. The system also exhibited significant reduction of foulants i.e. extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) resulting in longer membrane runs in optimized phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Aslam
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sher Jamal Khan
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Aamir Shahzad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Maaz M, Yasin M, Aslam M, Kumar G, Atabani AE, Idrees M, Anjum F, Jamil F, Ahmad R, Khan AL, Lesage G, Heran M, Kim J. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment: Novel configurations, fouling control and energy considerations. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 283:358-372. [PMID: 30928198 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water shortage, public health and environmental protection are key motives to treat wastewater. The widespread adoption of wastewater as a resource depends upon development of an energy-efficient technology. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology has gained increasing popularity due to their ability to offset the disadvantages of conventional treatment technologies. However there are several hurdles, yet to climb over, for wider spread and scale-up of the technology. This paper reviews fundamental aspects of anaerobic digestion of wastewater, and identifies the challenges and opportunities to the further development of AnMBRs. Membrane fouling and its implications are discussed, and strategies to control membrane fouling are proposed. Novel AnMBR configurations are discussed as an integrated approach to overcome technology limitations. Energy demand and recovery in AnMBRs is analyzed. Finally key issues that require urgent attention to facilitate global penetration of AnMBR technology are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Maaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Bioenergy & Environmental Sustainable Membrane Technology (BEST) Research Group, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Bioenergy & Environmental Sustainable Membrane Technology (BEST) Research Group, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Bioenergy & Environmental Sustainable Membrane Technology (BEST) Research Group, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - A E Atabani
- Energy Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mubbsher Idrees
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Bioenergy & Environmental Sustainable Membrane Technology (BEST) Research Group, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Anjum
- IEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Farrukh Jamil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Bioenergy & Environmental Sustainable Membrane Technology (BEST) Research Group, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuholgu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Asim Laeeq Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Bioenergy & Environmental Sustainable Membrane Technology (BEST) Research Group, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Marc Heran
- IEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Inharo-100, Michuholgu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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43
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Xiao Y, Yaohari H, Zhou Z, Sze CC, Stuckey DC. Autoinducer-2-mediated quorum sensing partially regulates the toxic shock response of anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 158:94-105. [PMID: 31022531 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study discovered a strong correlation between the autoinducer-2 (AI-2)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) with the performance of a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor during its recovery from a pentachlorophenol (PCP) shock: a decrease in AI-2 levels coincided with a reduction in volatile fatty acid concentrations, and corresponded significantly to a decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes, and to an increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Synergistetes. Further batch experiments with the addition of an AI-2-regulating Escherichia coli mutant culture showed that a reduction in AI-2 levels resulted in the highest biogas production rate during a PCP shock. In contrast, an increase in AI-2 levels via addition of the E. coli wild type strain or an AI-2 precursor showed no obvious effects on biogas production. These results suggest that the AI-2 level in anaerobic sludge was governed primarily by Firmicutes, and the AI-2-mediated QS partially regulates the toxic shock response of anaerobic sludge via tuning the activities of Firmicutes and Synergistetes. A decrease in the AI-2 level might reduce acetogenesis and favor hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, thus resulting in less VFA accumulation and higher methane production during the PCP shock. This study is the first of this type that exploits the role of quorum sensing in the toxic shock response of anaerobic sludge; it demonstrates a novel approach to shortening the recovery period of anaerobic processes via manipulating the AI-2-mediated QS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeyuan Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, 515063, China; Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Hazarki Yaohari
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Zhongbo Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Chun Chau Sze
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - David C Stuckey
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre (AEBC), Nanyang Environment and Water Research Centre (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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44
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Ferrari F, Balcazar JL, Rodriguez-Roda I, Pijuan M. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor for biogas production from concentrated sewage produced during sewer mining. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:993-1000. [PMID: 31018441 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory scale anaerobic membrane bioreactor was operated for 11 months treating synthetic wastewater that mimicked the concentrate from a forward osmosis process treating municipal wastewater with 80% water recovery. The effect of temperature variation on reactor performance was assessed. The reactor operated during 4 months at 34 °C and then temperature was decreased to 23 °C, 17 °C and 15 °C mimicking the typical temperature seasonal variations of the sewage. Average COD removal efficiencies were 95, 87, 76 and 67% at 34, 23, 17 and 15 °C respectively, obtaining lower biogas production and lower COD removal at lower temperatures. Dissolved methane in the permeate averaged 8.2 mg CH4/L and did not significantly change with temperature. After 2 months operating at 15 °C, temperature was progressively increased, resulting in an immediate increase of methane production and COD removal efficiencies. Microbial analysis showed important changes in the archaeal community when temperature was changed from 34 to 23 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ferrari
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Jose Luís Balcazar
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Rodriguez-Roda
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain; LEQUiA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Maite Pijuan
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Scientific and Technological Park, University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain.
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45
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Liu J, Eng CY, Ho JS, Chong TH, Wang L, Zhang P, Zhou Y. Quorum quenching in anaerobic membrane bioreactor for fouling control. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 156:159-167. [PMID: 30913419 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Quorum quenching (QQ) is an effective method to control membrane biofouling in aerobic membrane bioreactors (AeMBRs). However, it is not clear if QQ is feasible in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). In this study, Microbacterium. sp that has QQ capability was embedded in alginate beads, known as QQ beads (QQB), and applied in a lab-scale AnMBR to investigate their potential in fouling control. With the addition of QQB, the operating period of AnMBR-QQB reactor was prolonged by about 8-10 times at constant flux operation before reaching the pre-set maximum transmembrane pressure (TMP). The concentration of Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) in the bulk liquid was significantly higher during the 'TMP jump' period compared to QQB and control phases, while AHLs in the membrane foulants were remarkably lower in QQB phase compared to control phase. Furthermore, a much lower level of soluble microbial production (SMP) was observed in QQB phases. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), protein in particular, was reduced by 39.73-80.58% in the cake layer of the membrane from QQB phases. Significant changes of organic functional groups were observed in cake layer from QQB membrane as compared with that from control membrane. At the end of operation, bio-polymer (BP), building blocks (BB) and low molecular weight (LMW) organic matters increased in the foulant from control phases but such increase was not observed in QQB phase. After long-term operation, revival of QQB is required due to the declined activity for AHLs degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Liu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Chin Yee Eng
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jia Shin Ho
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Tzyy Haur Chong
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Li Wang
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Panyue Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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46
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Performance Evaluation of a Thermophilic Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Palm Oil Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9040055. [PMID: 31003466 PMCID: PMC6523901 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic treatment processes have achieved popularity in treating palm oil mill effluent due to its high treatability and biogas generation. The use of externally submerged membranes with anaerobic reactors promotes the retention of the biomass in the reactor. This study was conducted in thermophilic conditions with the Polytetrafluoroethylene hollow fiber (PTFE-HF) membrane which was operated at 55 °C. The reactor was operated at Organic Loading Rates (OLR) of 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kg Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)/m3·d to investigate the treatment performance and the membrane operation. The efficiency of the COD removal achieved by the system was between 93-98%. The highest methane yield achieved was 0.56 m3 CH4/kg CODr. The reactor mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) was maintained between 11.1 g/L to 20.9 g/L. A dead-end mode PTFE hollow fiber microfiltration was operated with the constant flux of 3 LMH (L/m2·h) in permeate recirculation mode to separate the clear final effluent and retain the biomass in the reactor. Membrane fouling was one of the limiting factors in the membrane bioreactor application. In this study, organic fouling was observed to be 93% of the total membrane fouling.
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47
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Schneider C, Rajmohan RS, Zarebska A, Tsapekos P, Hélix-Nielsen C. Treating anaerobic effluents using forward osmosis for combined water purification and biogas production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:1021-1030. [PMID: 30180310 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) can be used to reclaim nutrients and high-quality water from wastewater streams. This could potentially contribute towards relieving global water scarcity. Here we investigated the feasibility of extracting water from four real and four synthetic anaerobically digested effluents, using FO membranes. The goal of this study was to 1) evaluate FO membrane performance in terms of water flux and nutrient rejection 2) examine the methane yield that can be achieved and 3) analyse FO membrane fouling. Out of the four tested real anaerobically digested effluents, swine manure and potato starch wastewater achieved the highest combined average FO water flux (>3 liter per square meter per hour (LMH) with 0.66 M MgCl2 as initial draw solution concentration) and methane yield (>300 mL CH4 per gram of organic waste expressed as volatile solids (VS)). Rejection of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and total phosphorous (TP) was high (up to 96.95%, 95.87% and 99.83%, respectively), resulting in low nutrient concentrations in the recovered water. Membrane autopsy revealed presence of organic and biological fouling on the FO membrane. However, no direct correlation between feed properties and methane yield and fouling potential was found, indicating that there is no inherent trade-off between high water flux and high methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Schneider
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Rajath Sathyadev Rajmohan
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Agata Zarebska
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Panagiotis Tsapekos
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Claus Hélix-Nielsen
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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48
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Aslam M, Kim J. Investigating membrane fouling associated with GAC fluidization on membrane with effluent from anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor in domestic wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1170-1180. [PMID: 28785947 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Effect of mechanical scouring driven by granular activated carbon (GAC) fluidization on membrane fouling was investigated using a laboratory-scaled, fluidized membrane reactor filtering the effluent from anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor (AFBR) in domestic wastewater treatment. The GAC particles were fluidized by recirculating a bulk solution only through the membrane reactor to control membrane fouling. The membrane fouling was compared with two different feed solutions, effluent taken from a pilot-scaled, AFBR treating domestic wastewater and its filtrate through 0.1-μm membrane pore size. The GAC fluidization driven by bulk recirculation through the membrane reactor was very effective to reduce membrane fouling. Membrane scouring under GAC fluidization decreased reversible fouling resistance effectively. Fouling mitigation was more pronounced with bigger GAC particles than smaller ones as fluidized media. Regardless of the fluidized GAC sizes, however, there was limited effect on controlling irreversible fouling caused by colloidal materials which is smaller than 0.1 μm. In addition, the deposit of GAC particles that ranged from 180 to 500 μm in size on membrane surface was very significant and accelerated fouling rate. Biopolymers rejected by the membranes were thought to play a role as binding these small GAC particles on membrane surface strongly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Namgu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Namgu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Song X, Luo W, Hai FI, Price WE, Guo W, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD. Resource recovery from wastewater by anaerobic membrane bioreactors: Opportunities and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:669-677. [PMID: 30245196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review examines the potential of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to serve as the core technology for simultaneous recovery of clean water, energy, and nutrient from wastewater. The potential is significant as AnMBR treatment can remove a board range of trace organic contaminants relevant to water reuse, convert organics in wastewater to biogas for subsequent energy production, and liberate nutrients to soluble forms (e.g. ammonia and phosphorus) for subsequent recovery for fertilizer production. Yet, there remain several significant challenges to the further development of AnMBR. These challenges evolve around the dilute nature of municipal wastewater, which entails the need for pre-concentrating wastewater prior to AnMBR, and hence, issues related to salinity build-up, accumulation of substances, membrane fouling, and membrane stability. Strategies to address these challenges are proposed and discussed. A road map for further research is also provided to guide future AnMBR development toward resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Song
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Wenhai Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Faisal I Hai
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Civil Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - William E Price
- Strategic Water Infrastructure Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hao H Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Long D Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Hu Y, Yang Y, Yu S, Wang XC, Tang J. Psychrophilic anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor for domestic wastewater treatment: Effects of organic loading and sludge recycling. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:62-69. [PMID: 30212775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two upflow anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors (AnDMBRs) with and without sludge recycling were operated in parallel at varied organic loadings and psychrophilic temperature for domestic wastewater treatment. A 75 μm nylon mesh, used as a supporting material, enabled quick and stable dynamic membrane formation. The AnDMBRs could operate continuously without relaxation at a high flux rate of 22.5 L/m2h; however, high organic loading accelerated the increasing rate of trans-membrane pressure (TMP). High chemical oxygen demand removal was achieved in both AnDMBRs with removal efficiencies of 70-90%. Sludge recycling enhanced the cross-flow velocity but negatively affected the effluent turbidity, sludge properties (particle size reduction and biopolymer release) and dynamic membrane filterability. Although increased organic loading enhanced biogas yield, the low biogas production was related to the dissolved methane loss in the effluent. Easy-operation, minimal maintenance and low-energy consumption makes the AnDMBR process cost-effective for practical wastewater treatment in temperate areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisong Hu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Shichun Yu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| | - Jialing Tang
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, PR China
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