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Bouchareb EM, Derbal K, Bedri R, Slimani K, Menas S, Lazreg H, Maaref F, Ouabdelkader S, Saheb A, Bouaita R, Bouchareb R, Dizge N. Improving Biohydrogen Production by Dark Fermentation of Milk Processing Wastewater by Physicochemical and Enzymatic Pretreatments. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2741-2756. [PMID: 37682509 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04619-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Biohydrogen is considered an alternative energy reserve. Dark fermentation is one of the important green hydrogen production techniques that utilizes organic waste as raw material. It is a promising bioconversion, easy, not expensive, and cost-effective process. Milk processing wastewater (MPWW) is an organic effluent generated in large volumes on a daily basis and disposed directly into the environment. In this research, the study of biochemical hydrogen potential (BHP) test of MPWW was evaluated and used as substrate (S). A waste sludge was used as an inoculum (I) and source of bacteria. Both substrate and inoculum were analyzed and the study was based mainly on the ratio of volatile solids (VS) of inoculum and substrate subsequently, which was noted as I/S. Different substrate pretreatments were performed: ultrasonic, thermal, chemical, and enzymatic hydrolysis. The I/S ratio impact was investigated and evaluated the hydrogen production improvement. Modified Gompertz and modified Logistic kinetic models were employed for the kinetic modeling of cumulative hydrogen production values. Results show that I/S ratio of 1/4 gVS/gVS resulted from the best hydrogen production of 59.96 mL during 30 days of MPWW fermentation without pretreatment. It was also shown that all the adopted pretreatments enhanced hydrogen production, whereas ultrasonic pretreatment for 5 min increased the production by only 14.84%. Heat pretreatment was more efficient, where the hydrogen production increased from 60 to 162 mL (170% of improvement) using heat shock at 90 °C for 30 min. The impact of chemical pretreatment was different from a reagent to another. Pretreatment using calcium hydroxide resulted in the biggest hydrogen production of 165.3 mL (175.5%) compared to the other chemical pretreatments. However, the best hydrogen production was given by the biological pretreatment using enzymatic hydrolysis (Lactase) resulting in 254 mL of hydrogen production, which is equivalent to 323.62% of production improvement. Modified Gompertz and Logistic kinetic models fitted well with experimental data. Thus, the enzymatic hydrolysis of MPWW proved to be a promising technique for biohydrogen production enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Mahfouf Bouchareb
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Process Engineering Faculty, Saleh Boubnider University, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
- Laboratory of Process Engineering for Sustainable Development and Health Products (LGPDDPS), National Polytechnic School of Constantine, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Kerroum Derbal
- Laboratory of Process Engineering for Sustainable Development and Health Products (LGPDDPS), National Polytechnic School of Constantine, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
- Department of Process Engineering, National High School of Polytechnic, Malek Bennabi, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Rayane Bedri
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Khaled Slimani
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Souha Menas
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Halima Lazreg
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Feriel Maaref
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Samir Ouabdelkader
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Aya Saheb
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Rokaya Bouaita
- Department of Process Engineering, National High School of Polytechnic, Malek Bennabi, Constantine 3, Algeria
| | - Raouf Bouchareb
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Process Engineering Faculty, Saleh Boubnider University, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratory of Process Engineering for Sustainable Development and Health Products (LGPDDPS), National Polytechnic School of Constantine, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
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Ali S, Dar MA, Liaqat F, Sethupathy S, Rani A, Khan MI, Rehan M, Zhu D. Optimization of biomethane production from lignocellulosic biomass by a developed microbial consortium. PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 2024; 184:1106-1118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2024.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
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Bouchareb EM, Derbal K, Bedri R, Menas S, Bouchareb R, Dizge N. Enhanced fermentative hydrogen production from potato waste by enzymatic pretreatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:1801-1809. [PMID: 36449015 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2154171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis have a potential role in the economic production of sugars and fuels from starch biomass. In this study, the Inoculum/Substrate (I/S) ratio effect and enzymatic pretreatments of potato peels for biohydrogen production in batch reactors were investigated. Two enzymes, α-Amylase and Cellulase, were tested separately and coexistent. Results showed that enzymatic hydrolysis using α-Amylase in mesophilic conditions enhanced carbohydrate concentration from 24.10 g/L to 53.47 g/L, whereas, the use of Cellulase and equi-volumetric mixture of both tested enzymes resulted in 47.16 and 48.16 g/L, respectively. The maximum biohydrogen cumulative production of 263 mL (equivalent to 430.37 mL H2/gVSadded) was obtained using the optimum I/S ratio of 1/6 gVS/gVS at pH 5.5 and incubation temperature of 55°C after 20 days of dark fermentation of potato waste without enzymatic treatment. Under the same operating conditions of the I/S ratio, pH, temperature and the best enzymatic treatment (3 h of substrate enzymatic hydrolysis by α-Amylase), the maximum yield of biohydrogen was 1088 mL (1780.39 mL H2/gVSadded). The enzymatic hydrolysis method adopted in this study can make overall biohydrogen production an effective process. The modified Gompertz model was found to be an adequate fit for biohydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Mahfouf Bouchareb
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Process Engineering Faculty, Saleh Boubnider University, Constantine, Algeria
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar Constantine, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Kerroum Derbal
- Department of Process Engineering, National High School of Polytechnic, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Rayane Bedri
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar Constantine, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Souha Menas
- Department of Engineering, National High School of Biotechnology, Toufik Khaznadar Constantine, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Raouf Bouchareb
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Process Engineering Faculty, Saleh Boubnider University, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Shevidi A, Lizasoain J, Wlcek B, Frühauf S, Gronauer A, Bauer A. Biogas Production from Steam-Exploded Maize Stover: Results from Continuous Anaerobic Tank Bioreactor Tests. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9040339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Steam explosion pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass presents a promising technology for agricultural residues before anaerobic degradation. This study aimed to assess biogas production in continuously stirred tank reactors using steam-exploded maize stover mono-digestion. The continuous digestion tests were carried out in four fermenters with a capacity of 150 L under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. Maize stover was pretreated at 173 °C for 15 min. Four different organic loading rates (OLR) were tested, the biogas and methane production rate was monitored, and parameters such as dry matter (DM), volatile solids (VS), pH, and C:N were analyzed. The results of the tests showed that using steam-exploded maize stover in a continuous system over the range of an OLR from 1.0 to 3.5 kg VS m–3 d–1 is feasible with nitrogen as an additive only. The maximum methane yield, 637 LN m–3 d–1, was measured under thermophilic conditions with an OLR of 3.5 kg VS m–3 d–1. The trend of an increased gas production rate with an increasing OLR was observed over the range of the applied OLRs, although the average gas yield in the thermophilic mode was higher than it was in the mesophilic one.
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Arthur R, Antonczyk S, Off S, Scherer PA. Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw in a CSTR System with 'Synthetic Manure': Impact of Nickel and Tungsten on Methane Yields, Cell Count, and Microbiome. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9010013. [PMID: 35049722 PMCID: PMC8772805 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic residues, such as straw, are currently considered as candidates for biogas production. Therefore, straw fermentations were performed to quantitatively estimate methane yields and cell counts, as well as to qualitatively determine the microbiome. Six fully automated, continuously stirred biogas reactors were used: three mesophilic (41 °C) and three thermophilic (58 °C). They were fed every 8 h with milled wheat straw suspension in a defined, buffered salt solution, called 'synthetic manure'. Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analyses showed nickel and tungsten deficiency in the straw suspension. Supplementation of nickel and subsequently tungsten, or with an increasing combined dosage of both elements, resulted in a final concentration of approximately 0.1 mg/L active, dissolved tungsten ions, which caused an increase of the specific methane production, up to 63% under mesophilic and 31% under thermophilic conditions. That is the same optimal range for pure cultures of methanogens or bacteria found in literature. A simultaneous decrease of volatile fatty acids occurred. The Ni/W effect occurred with all three organic loading rates, being 4.5, 7.5, and 9.0 g volatile solids per litre and day, with a concomitant hydraulic retention time of 18, 10, or 8 days, respectively. A maximum specific methane production of 0.254 m3 CH4, under standard temperature and pressure per kg volatile solids (almost 90% degradation), was obtained. After the final supplementation of tungsten, the cell counts of methanogens increased by 300%, while the total microbial cell counts increased by only 3-62%. The mesophilic methanogenic microflora was shifted from the acetotrophic Methanosaeta to the hydrogenotrophic Methanoculleus (85%) by tungsten, whereas the H2-CO2-converter, Methanothermobacter, always dominated in the thermophilic fermenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Arthur
- Energy Systems Engineering Department, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua P.O. Box KF 981, Ghana;
| | - Sebastian Antonczyk
- Research Center for Biomass Utilization, Faculty Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW), 20099 Hamburg, Germany; (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Sandra Off
- Research Center for Biomass Utilization, Faculty Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW), 20099 Hamburg, Germany; (S.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Paul A. Scherer
- Research Center for Biomass Utilization, Faculty Life Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW), 20099 Hamburg, Germany; (S.A.); (S.O.)
- Correspondence:
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Pretreatment, Anaerobic Codigestion, or Both? Which Is More Suitable for the Enhancement of Methane Production from Agricultural Waste? Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144175. [PMID: 34299449 PMCID: PMC8303515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pretreatment and codigestion are proven to be effective strategies for the enhancement of the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic residues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of pretreatment and codigestion on methane production and the hydrolysis rate in the anaerobic digestion of agricultural wastes (AWs). Thermal and different thermochemical pretreatments were applied on AWs. Sewage sludge (SS) was selected as a cosubstrate. Biochemical methane potential tests were performed by mixing SS with raw and pretreated AWs at different mixing ratios. Hydrolysis rates were estimated by the best fit obtained with the first-order kinetic model. As a result of the experimental and kinetic studies, the best strategy was determined to be thermochemical pretreatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). This strategy resulted in a maximum enhancement in the anaerobic digestion of AWs, a 56% increase in methane production, an 81.90% increase in the hydrolysis rate and a 79.63% decrease in the technical digestion time compared to raw AWs. On the other hand, anaerobic codigestion (AcoD) with SS was determined to be ineffective when it came to the enhancement of methane production and the hydrolysis rate. The most suitable mixing ratio was determined to be 80:20 (Aws/SS) for the AcoD of the studied AWs with SS in order to obtain the highest possible methane production without any antagonistic effect.
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Ndubuisi-Nnaji UU, Ofon UA, Offiong NAO. Anaerobic co-digestion of spent coconut copra with cow urine for enhanced biogas production. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2021; 39:594-600. [PMID: 33238822 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x20975092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory-scale bioreactors were used to co-digest spent coconut copra (SCC) and cow urine (CU) as a co-substrate (SCC + CU) in a batch mode under thermophilic condition (45 ± 2°C) in order to enhance biogas production. The effect of CU pretreatment on the performance indicators (biogas and biomethane yields, total solids (TS), and volatile solids (VS) reduction, pH and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations) were also examined. This was compared with mono-digestion of SCC. The experiment was performed with different mixing ratios in reactors labelled as follows: A = 75 g SCC + 5 ml CU; B = 70 g SCC + 10 ml CU; C = 65 g SCC + 15 ml CU; and D (control) = 80 g SCC at a hydraulic retention time of 42 days. Co-digestion (SCC + CU) significantly improved anaerobic digestion (AD) performance resulting in a threefold and fivefold increase in biogas and biomethane production, respectively, with concomitant TS (44.9-57.7%) and VS (55.4-60.3%) removal efficiencies. But for mono-digestion (control experiment), all CU treated and co-digestion assays showed pH stability ranging between 6.6 and 7.4 and VFAs' concentrations ranging from 15-330 mgL-1. By acting as a buffer, CU effectively enhanced the AD performance of SCC as demonstrated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Utibe A Ofon
- Department of Microbiology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Nnanake-Abasi O Offiong
- International Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability Research, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
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Li Y, Zhao J, Krooneman J, Euverink GJW. Strategies to boost anaerobic digestion performance of cow manure: Laboratory achievements and their full-scale application potential. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142940. [PMID: 33348487 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cow manure represents a surplus manure waste in agricultural food sectors, which requires proper disposal. Anaerobic digestion, in this regard, has raised global interest owing to its apparent environmental benefits, including simultaneous waste diminishment and renewable energy generation. However, dedicated intensifications are necessary to promote the degradation of recalcitrant lignocellulosic components of cow manure. Hence, this manuscript presents a review of how to exploit cow manure in anaerobic digestion through different incentives extensively at lab-scale and full-scale. These strategies comprise 1) co-digestion; 2) pretreatment; 3) introduction of additives (trace metals, carbon-based materials, low-cost composites, nanomaterials, and microbial cultures); 4) innovative systems (bio-electrochemical fields and laser irradiation). Results imply that co-digestion and pretreatment approaches gain the predominance on promoting the digestion performance of cow manure. Particularly, for the co-digestion scenario, the selection of lignin-poor co-substrate is highlighted to produce maximum synergy and pronounced removal of lignocellulosic compounds of cow manure. Mechanical, thermal, and biological (composting) pretreatments generate mild improvement at laboratory-scale and are proved applicable in full-scale facilities. It is noteworthy that the introduction of additives (Fe-based nanomaterials, carbon-based materials, and composites) is acquiring more attention and shows promising full-scale application potential. Finally, bio-electrochemical fields stand out in laboratory trials and may serve as future reactor modules in agricultural anaerobic digestion installations treating cow manure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jing Zhao
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janneke Krooneman
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Jan Willem Euverink
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Life Cycle Assessment of Biogas Production from Unused Grassland Biomass Pretreated by Steam Explosion Using a System Expansion Method. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12239945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Reforestation is a threat to permanent grasslands in many alpine regions. Using these areas to produce biogas energy may help to preserve these important landscapes and save fossil fuels by adding a renewable local heat and electricity source. This case study compares (a) a status quo (SQ) reference scenario with heating oil, wood-chips, and grid electricity as municipal energy sources, and (b) a hypothetical local biogas (LB) scenario (to also be used as a municipal energy source) based on a 500-kWel biogas plant with steam explosion pretreatment. Here, hay from previously unused grassland is the main biogas substrate, whereas, in the reference SQ scenario, these grasslands remain unused. Life cycle assessment (LCA) results for LB and SQ scenarios are significantly different at p < 0.05 in all six impact categories. In three categories, the LB scenario has lower impacts than the SQ scenario, including climate change (0.367 CO2-eq kWhel-1 versus 0.501 CO2-eq kWhel-1). Dominant contributions to climate change in the SQ scenario are from the extant municipal energy sources that the LB biogas plant would replace; in the LB scenario, important contributions include unburned methane from the biogas plant, as well as CO2 emissions from hay production machines. In summary, important environmental impacts can be reduced and alpine grasslands can be preserved by biogas production from that grass. The advantages of integrating a local biogas plant in municipal energy and waste systems depend strongly on the extant municipal energy system characteristics.
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Ma G, Ndegwa P, Harrison JH, Chen Y. Methane yields during anaerobic co-digestion of animal manure with other feedstocks: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138224. [PMID: 32361106 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion of animal manure with other feedstocks (aka co-digestion) is increasingly being used to enhance methane yield and organic waste management. The benefits accruing from co-digestions compared to mono-digestions, however, vary greatly in the literature. The goal of this research was to use meta-analysis to critically compare methane yields between mono- and co-digestions and identify relevant factors (co-substrate type, substrate dose, carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, volatile solids (VS), substrate pH, organic loading rate (OLR), and hydraulic retention time (HRT)) contributing to methane yield. Published studies (n = 64 representing 384 case-studies) with sufficient detail on methane yield were identified for the meta-analysis. Analysis indicated that co-digestion of animal manure with other feedstocks significantly increased methane yield (249 L kg-1[VS]), compared with anaerobic mono-digestion of animal manure (171 L kg-1[VS]). Similar methane yields increases (47-57 L kg-1[VS]) were obtained from co-digestions in batch reactors of swine (238-287 L kg-1[VS]), poultry (213-260 L kg-1[VS]), and cattle manure (147-204 L kg-1[VS]). In continuous digesters of cattle manure (175-299 L kg-1[VS]) co-digestion had the greatest methane yield improvement of 124 L kg-1[VS], swine manure (212-322 L kg-1[VS]) co-digestion ranked second with 110 L kg-1[VS], and poultry manure ranked third with 70 L kg-1[VS]. Improved methane yield were obtained at optimum C/N ratio ranging from 26 to 34. The respective optimum OLR for co-digestion of swine, poultry, and cattle manure were 1.2, 1.4 and 3.4 kg VS m-3 d-1, while the recommended HRT was 30-40 d. Taken together, anaerobic co-digestion of animal manure with other feedstock significantly improved anaerobic digestion. Factors contributing to methane yields included: substrate-type and dose, VS, C/N, OLR, and HRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Ma
- Department of Animal Sciences, WSU-Pullman, 116 ASLB, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Pius Ndegwa
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, WSU-Pullman, PO Box 646120, Pullman, WA 99164-6120, USA
| | - Joseph H Harrison
- Department of Animal Sciences, WSU-Puyallup, 2606 W Pioneer, Puyallup, WA 98371, USA.
| | - Yanting Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, WSU-Pullman, 116 ASLB, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Abstract
The biogas production technology has improved over the last years for the aim of reducing the costs of the process, increasing the biogas yields, and minimizing the greenhouse gas emissions. To obtain a stable and efficient biogas production, there are several design considerations and operational parameters to be taken into account. Besides, adapting the process to unanticipated conditions can be achieved by adequate monitoring of various operational parameters. This paper reviews the research that has been conducted over the last years. This review paper summarizes the developments in biogas design and operation, while highlighting the main factors that affect the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process. The study’s outcomes revealed that the optimum operational values of the main parameters may vary from one biogas plant to another. Additionally, the negative conditions that should be avoided while operating a biogas plant were identified.
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Determination of Various Parameters during Thermal and Biological Pretreatment of Waste Materials. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13092262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pretreatment of waste materials could help in more efficient waste management. Various pretreatment methods exist, each one having its own advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, a certain pretreatment technique might be efficient and economical for one feedstock while not for another. Thus, it is important to analyze how parameters change during pretreatment. In this study, two different pretreatment techniques were applied: thermal at lower and higher temperatures (38.6 °C and 80 °C) and biological, using cattle rumen fluid at ruminal temperature (≈38.6 °C). Two different feedstock materials were chosen: sewage sludge and riverbank grass (Typha latifolia), and their combinations (in a ratio of 1:1) were also analyzed. Various parameters were analyzed in the liquid phase before and after pretreatment, and in the gas phase after pretreatment. In the liquid phase, some of the parameters that are relevant to water quality were measured, while in the gas phase composition of biogas was measured. The results showed that most of the parameters significantly changed during pretreatments and that lower temperature thermal and/or biological treatment of grass and sludge is suggested for further applications.
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Chozhavendhan S, Gnanavel G, Karthiga Devi G, Subbaiya R, Praveen Kumar R, Bharathiraja B. Enhancement of Feedstock Composition and Fuel Properties for Biogas Production. ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, AND SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-0410-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Schumacher B, Zerback T, Wedwitschka H, Weinrich S, Hofmann J, Nelles M. The Influence of Pressure-Swing Conditioning Pre-Treatment of Cattle Manure on Methane Production. Bioengineering (Basel) 2019; 7:bioengineering7010006. [PMID: 31905876 PMCID: PMC7175210 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cattle manure is an agricultural residue, which could be used as source to produce methane in order to substitute fossil fuels. Nevertheless, in practice the handling of this slowly degradable substrate during anaerobic digestion is challenging. In this study, the influence of the pre-treatment of cattle manure with pressure-swing conditioning (PSC) on the methane production was investigated. Six variants of PSC (combinations of duration 5 min, 30 min, 60 min and temperature 160 °C, 190 °C) were examined with regards to methane yield in batch tests. PSC of cattle manure showed a significant increase up to 109% in the methane yield compared to the untreated sample. Kinetic calculations proved also an enhancement of the degradation speed. One PSC-variant (190 °C/30 min) and untreated cattle manure were chosen for comparative fermentation tests in continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTR) in lab-scale with duplicates. In the continuous test a biogas production of 428 mL/g volatile solids (VS) (54.2% methane) for untreated manure was observed and of 456 mL/g VS (53.7% methane) for PSC-cattle-manure (190 °C/30 min). Significant tests were conducted for methane yields of all fermentation tests. Furthermore, other parameters such as furfural were investigated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Schumacher
- Biochemical Conversion, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany; (T.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (J.H.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-2434-540
| | - Timo Zerback
- Biochemical Conversion, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany; (T.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (J.H.); (M.N.)
| | - Harald Wedwitschka
- Biochemical Conversion, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany; (T.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (J.H.); (M.N.)
| | - Sören Weinrich
- Biochemical Conversion, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany; (T.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (J.H.); (M.N.)
| | - Josephine Hofmann
- Biochemical Conversion, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany; (T.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (J.H.); (M.N.)
| | - Michael Nelles
- Biochemical Conversion, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany; (T.Z.); (H.W.); (S.W.); (J.H.); (M.N.)
- Department Waste and Resource Management, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
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15
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Tapadia-Maheshwari S, Pore S, Engineer A, Shetty D, Dagar SS, Dhakephalkar PK. Illustration of the microbial community selected by optimized process and nutritional parameters resulting in enhanced biomethanation of rice straw without thermo-chemical pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 289:121639. [PMID: 31212172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Effects of different process and nutritional parameters on microbial community structure and function were investigated to enhance the biomethanation of rice straw without any thermochemical pre-treatment. The study was performed in a mesophilic anaerobic digester with cattle dung slurry as inoculum. The highest methane yield of 274 ml g-1 volatile solids was obtained from particulate rice straw (1 mm size, 7.5% solids loading rate) at 37 °C, pH-7, when supplemented with urea (carbon: nitrogen ratio, 25:1) and zinc as trace element (100 µM) at 21 days hydraulic retention time. The optimization of conditions selected Clostridium, Bacteroides, and Ruminococcus as dominant hydrolytic bacteria and Methanosarcina as the methanogen. Analysis of metagenome and metatranscriptome revealed wide array of bacterial lignocellulolytic enzymes that efficiently hydrolyzed the rice straw. The methane yield was >80% of the theoretical yield, making this green process a sustainable choice for efficient extraction of energy from rice straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Tapadia-Maheshwari
- Bioenergy Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Soham Pore
- Bioenergy Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Anupama Engineer
- Bioenergy Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India
| | - Deepa Shetty
- M.C.E. Society's Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Pune, India
| | - Sumit S Dagar
- Bioenergy Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Prashant K Dhakephalkar
- Bioenergy Group, MACS Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
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16
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Steam Explosion Conditions Highly Influence the Biogas Yield of Rice Straw. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193492. [PMID: 31561500 PMCID: PMC6804039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Straws are agricultural residues that can be used to produce biomethane by anaerobic digestion. The methane yield of rice straw is lower than other straws. Steam explosion was investigated as a pretreatment to increase methane production. Pretreatment conditions with varying reaction times (12–30 min) and maximum temperatures (162–240 °C) were applied. The pretreated material was characterized for its composition and thermal and morphological properties. When the steam explosion was performed with a moderate severity parameter of S0 = 4.1 min, the methane yield was increased by 32% compared to untreated rice straw. This study shows that a harsher pretreatment at S0 > 4.3 min causes a drastic reduction of methane yield because inert condensation products are formed from hemicelluloses.
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17
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Straw Stocks as a Source of Renewable Energy. A Case Study of a District in Poland. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11174714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomass is playing an increasingly important role as a source of renewable energy. The aim of this study has been to identify the potential applicability of straw from agricultural crops to generate energy within the district of Braniewo, in the province Warmia and Mazury, Poland. The study covered the years 2015 to 2017. Based on statistical data, and using appropriate equations and norms, the structure of crop production and the number of livestock in the mentioned district were analysed; the potential production volume of straw was estimated, from which the amount needed for animal production (feed and bedding) was deducted, while the organic substance balance in soil was calculated. An annual average amount of straw remaining to be used for energy purposes in the district of Braniewo is about 41,531 t of straw, equivalent to about 60,222 GJ of energy (24,088 t of coal). In addition to the above analyses, a survey was conducted among local farmers, which showed their opinions about barriers to and opportunities for growing crops for energy purposes and using renewable energy resources. The survey results justify the claim that there is certain potential among farmers in the district of Braniewo to grow crops for energy purposes.
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18
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Westerholm M, Castillo MDP, Chan Andersson A, Jahre Nilsen P, Schnürer A. Effects of thermal hydrolytic pre-treatment on biogas process efficiency and microbial community structure in industrial- and laboratory-scale digesters. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 95:150-160. [PMID: 31351600 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of thermal hydrolysis process (THP) pre-treatment on anaerobic co-digestion of wastewater sludge and household waste and assessed whether THP was vital to achieve higher process capacity. Performance data were collected for both industrial- and laboratory-scale digesters and response in microbial community structure was evaluated by Illumina sequencing. Implementation of THP at the industrial-scale plant increased methane yield by 15% and enhanced substrate degradability. Possibility to extend the sludge retention time due to a higher solid content of the substrate, sanitisation of the digestate and improved fertiliser quality of the digestate were other industrial-scale benefits of THP installation. Continuously-fed laboratory-scale digesters were fed THP-treated or untreated substrate at an organic loading rate (OLR) of 5 g volatile solid (VS)/L/day, a feeding rate necessary at the corresponding industrial-scale plant to meet the estimated population increase within the municipality. The results indicated that the plant could have increased the capacity with unimpaired stability independently of THP installation, even though the retention time was significantly shortened during operation with untreated substrate. Microbial community analyses revealed increased contribution of the Clostridia class after THP installation in industrial-scale digesters and positive correlation between Firmicutes:Bacteriodetes and methane yield in all digesters. Differentiated profiles in laboratory-scale digesters indicated that a temperature increase from 37 to 42 °C in association with THP installation and altered substrate composition were strong determining factors shaping the microbial community. Overall, these findings can assist industrial-scale plants in choosing management strategies aimed at improving the efficiency of anaerobic digestion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Westerholm
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Box 7025, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | - A Schnürer
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Box 7025, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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19
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Dong L, Cao G, Wu J, Yang S, Ren N. Reflux of acidizing fluid for enhancing biomethane production from cattle manure in plug flow reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 284:248-255. [PMID: 30947139 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The performance and microbial community succession of a 36 L working volume plug flow reactor was evaluated for treated cattle manure at an organic loading rate of 2.67 g-TS/L/day, a temperature of 38 °C ± 1 °C, and a hydraulic retention time of 18 days. A reflux of acidizing fluid effectively enhanced anaerobic digestion performance and promoted optimization of microbial community structure. The average biogas volume production rate was 1.08 L biogas/L reactor, which was 116.5% higher than the control without reflux of acidizing fluid. The specific qmethane production yield and methane content reached 0.204 L/g VS and 70%. Moreover, methane yield achieved 0.34 m3/kg removal COD with a COD removal of about 70.56%. The bacteria genera Christensenellaceae, Bacteroidales, vadinBC27, Ruminococcaceae and Treponema_2 were further enriched. Methanosarcina became the dominant methanogen in the whole PFR operation process. This study offers new opportunities for producing renewable energy from enhanced cattle manure biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guangli Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Jiwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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20
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Mokomele T, da Costa Sousa L, Balan V, van Rensburg E, Dale BE, Görgens JF. Incorporating anaerobic co-digestion of steam exploded or ammonia fiber expansion pretreated sugarcane residues with manure into a sugarcane-based bioenergy-livestock nexus. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 272:326-336. [PMID: 30384207 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The co-digestion of pretreated sugarcane lignocelluloses with dairy cow manure (DCM) as a bioenergy production and waste management strategy, for intensive livestock farms located in sugarcane regions, was investigated. Ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) increased the nitrogen content and accelerated the biodegradability of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and cane leaf matter (CLM) through the cleavage of lignin carbohydrate crosslinks, resulting in the highest specific methane yields (292-299 L CH4/kg VSadded), biogas methane content (57-59% v/v) and biodegradation rates, with or without co-digestion with DCM. To obtain comparable methane yields, untreated and steam exploded (StEx) SCB and CLM had to be co-digested with DCM, at mass ratios providing initial C/N ratios in the range of 18 to 35. Co-digestion with DCM improved the nutrient content of the solid digestates, providing digestates that could be used as biofertilizer to replace CLM that is removed from sugarcane fields during green harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thapelo Mokomele
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Leonardo da Costa Sousa
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Venkatesh Balan
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Department of Engineering Technology, Biotechnology Division, School of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Eugéne van Rensburg
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | - Bruce E Dale
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Johann F Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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21
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Sukhesh MJ, Rao PV. Anaerobic digestion of crop residues: Technological developments and environmental impact in the Indian context. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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22
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Wang H, Xu J, Liu X, Sheng L, Zhang D, Li L, Wang A. Study on the pollution status and control measures for the livestock and poultry breeding industry in northeastern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:4435-4445. [PMID: 29185219 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0751-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Livestock and poultry breeding industry is one of the main economic pillars of northeastern China. However, the amount of pollutants produced is much higher than that in other parts of China. Through a questionnaire survey, indoor experiment, and outdoor experiment, it was found that the resource utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure in the northeastern region is low, with the pollution of livestock and poultry breeding mainly including air and water pollution. The alarm level of cultivated land and manure is II. While the livestock and poultry breeding is relatively concentrated area, its level is higher than grade II. Based on the pollution status of small farms, biogas can be produced through fermentation, along with the preparation of organic fertilizer, to completely utilize the manure and straw, while obtaining higher economic value, and effectively controlling the pollution from livestock and poultry breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxi Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration/School of Environment Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Jianling Xu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration/School of Environment Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Jilin Provincial Institute of Education, Changchun, 130022, China.
| | - Lianxi Sheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration/School of Environment Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Di Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration/School of Environment Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Longwei Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration/School of Environment Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Aixia Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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23
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Nair RB, Kabir MM, Lennartsson PR, Taherzadeh MJ, Horváth IS. Integrated Process for Ethanol, Biogas, and Edible Filamentous Fungi-Based Animal Feed Production from Dilute Phosphoric Acid-Pretreated Wheat Straw. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 184:48-62. [PMID: 28597311 PMCID: PMC5756571 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Integration of wheat straw for a biorefinery-based energy generation process by producing ethanol and biogas together with the production of high-protein fungal biomass (suitable for feed application) was the main focus of the present study. An edible ascomycete fungal strain Neurospora intermedia was used for the ethanol fermentation and subsequent biomass production from dilute phosphoric acid (0.7 to 1.2% w/v) pretreated wheat straw. At optimum pretreatment conditions, an ethanol yield of 84 to 90% of the theoretical maximum, based on glucan content of substrate straw, was observed from fungal fermentation post the enzymatic hydrolysis process. The biogas production from the pretreated straw slurry showed an improved methane yield potential up to 162% increase, as compared to that of the untreated straw. Additional biogas production, using the syrup, a waste stream obtained post the ethanol fermentation, resulted in a combined total energy output of 15.8 MJ/kg wheat straw. Moreover, using thin stillage (a waste stream from the first-generation wheat-based ethanol process) as a co-substrate to the biogas process resulted in an additional increase by about 14 to 27% in the total energy output as compared to using only wheat straw-based substrates. ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar B Nair
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190, Borås, SE, Sweden.
| | - Maryam M Kabir
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190, Borås, SE, Sweden
| | - Patrik R Lennartsson
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 50190, Borås, SE, Sweden
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24
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Liu T, Sun L, Müller B, Schnürer A. Importance of inoculum source and initial community structure for biogas production from agricultural substrates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:768-777. [PMID: 28926908 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the importance of inoculum source for start-up and operation of biogas processes. Three different inocula with different community structure were used to initiate six laboratory continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) processes operated with a grass manure mixture as substrate. The processes were evaluated by chemical and microbiological analysis, by targeting the overall bacterial community and potential cellulose-degrading bacteria. As expected, the results showed a large difference in community structure in the inocula and in process performance during the first hydraulic retention time (HRT). However, the performance and overall microbial community structure became similar in the reactors over time. An inoculum from a high-ammonia process, characterized by low diversity and low degradation efficiency, took the longest time to reach stability and final methane yield. The overall bacterial community was mainly shaped by the operating conditions but, interestingly, potential cellulose-degrading bacteria seemed mainly to originate from the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department of Molecular Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Molecular Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bettina Müller
- Department of Molecular Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Schnürer
- Department of Molecular Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
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25
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Larsen SU, Hjort-Gregersen K, Vazifehkhoran AH, Triolo JM. Co-ensiling of straw with sugar beet leaves increases the methane yield from straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:106-115. [PMID: 28892679 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of co-ensiling of wheat straw and sugar beet leaves on the biochemical methane potential (BMP) by both lab-scale and pilot-scale co-ensiling. BMP was increased by co-ensiling, and the increase ranged from 19 to 34% after 9months of co-ensiling in lab-scale and from 18 to 32% after 6months of co-ensiling in pilot-scale. No effluent run-off was found through pilot-scale co-ensiling and there was a mass loss of only 0.1%. The study demonstrates that co-ensiling of straw and green biomass has potential as biological pretreatment and for avoiding effluent run-off from pure beet leave silage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Ugilt Larsen
- Danish Technological Institute, Agro Food Park 15, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Ali Heidarzadeh Vazifehkhoran
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jin Mi Triolo
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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26
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Lizasoain J, Trulea A, Gittinger J, Kral I, Piringer G, Schedl A, Nilsen PJ, Potthast A, Gronauer A, Bauer A. Corn stover for biogas production: Effect of steam explosion pretreatment on the gas yields and on the biodegradation kinetics of the primary structural compounds. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:949-956. [PMID: 28847085 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of steam explosion on the chemical composition and biomethane potential of corn stover using temperatures ranging between 140 and 220°C and pretreatment times ranging between 2 and 15min. Biodegradation kinetics during the anaerobic digestion of untreated and corn stover, pretreated at two different intensities, 140°C for 5min and 180°C for 5min, were studied in tandem. Results showed that pretreatment at 160°C for 2min improved the methane yield by 22%. Harsher pretreatment conditions led to lower hemicellulose contents and methane yields, as well as higher lignin contents, which may be due to the formation of pseudo-lignin. The biodegradation kinetics trial demonstrated that steam explosion enhances the degradation of structural carbohydrates and acid insoluble lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Lizasoain
- AlpS-GmbH, Centre for Climate Change Adaptation Technologies, Grabenweg 68, A-6010 Innsbruck, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Adrian Trulea
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Johannes Gittinger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Iris Kral
- AlpS-GmbH, Centre for Climate Change Adaptation Technologies, Grabenweg 68, A-6010 Innsbruck, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Gerhard Piringer
- AlpS-GmbH, Centre for Climate Change Adaptation Technologies, Grabenweg 68, A-6010 Innsbruck, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Andreas Schedl
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | | | - Antje Potthast
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Andreas Gronauer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Alexander Bauer
- AlpS-GmbH, Centre for Climate Change Adaptation Technologies, Grabenweg 68, A-6010 Innsbruck, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria.
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27
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Thermal Pretreatment of Harvest Residues and Their Use in Anaerobic Co-digestion with Dairy Cow Manure. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 184:471-483. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Microbial Community Ability to Adapt to Altered Temperature Conditions Influences Operating Stability in Anaerobic Digestion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Risberg K, Cederlund H, Pell M, Arthurson V, Schnürer A. Comparative characterization of digestate versus pig slurry and cow manure - Chemical composition and effects on soil microbial activity. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 61:529-538. [PMID: 28038908 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing number of biogas plants in Europe has resulted in increased production of nutrient-rich digestate with great potential as fertilizer for arable land. The nutrient composition of digestate varies with the substrate treated in the biogas plant and may contain compounds that stimulate or inhibit soil microbial activity. This study compared 20 digestates (D) with 10 pig slurries (PS) and 10 cow manures (CM) regarding their chemical content and their effect on soil microbial activities, i.e. potential ammonia oxidation rate (PAO) and soil respiration. The results showed no significant differences within the D group when divided based on substrate type. i.e. manure dominated vs. other organic waste materials in any of the tests. In general D contained significantly higher concentrations of ammonium while the concentrations of total carbon and volatile fatty acids were higher in PS and CM than in D. The D showed both stimulating and inhibiting effects on PAO, while all CM and all PS except one showed inhibiting effects on PAO. However, PAO activity was negatively correlated with the content of volatile fatty acids in the residues indicating that these compounds may be the cause of the inhibition. The maximum respiration activity (hpeakmax) was lower and the time point for the maximum respiration activity (tpeakmax) occurred earlier for D compared with CM and PS. This earlier peak time could be indicative of a high proportion of easily degradable carbon in D compared with PS and CM. However, the utilization rate of carbon, i.e. the proportion of added organic C converted to CO2-C during 12days, did not differ significantly between D, PS and CM, indicating that overall carbon quality in the different fertilizers was still roughly comparable. In short, our results suggest that digestates were different compared with PS and CM but without posing a higher risk with respect to their impact on soil microbial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajsa Risberg
- Department of Microbiology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7025, SE 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Harald Cederlund
- Department of Microbiology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7025, SE 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael Pell
- Department of Microbiology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7025, SE 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Veronica Arthurson
- Department of Microbiology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7025, SE 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Schnürer
- Department of Microbiology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7025, SE 75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Wang X, Pan H, Gu J, Qian X, Gao H, Qin Q. Effects of oxytetracycline on archaeal community, and tetracycline resistance genes in anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure and wheat straw. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:3177-3185. [PMID: 27115735 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1181109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different concentrations of oxytetracycline (OTC) on biogas production, archaeal community structure, and the levels of tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) were investigated in the anaerobic co-digestion products of pig manure and wheat straw. PCR denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) (PCR) were used to detect the archaeal community structure and the levels of four TRGs: tet(M), tet(Q), tet(W), and tet(C). The results showed that anaerobic co-digestion with OTC at concentrations of 60, 100, and 140 mg/kg (dry weight of pig manure) reduced the cumulative biogas production levels by 9.9%, 10.4%, and 14.1%, respectively, compared with that produced by the control, which lacked the antibiotic. The addition of OTC substantially modified the structure of the archaeal community. Two orders were identified by phylogenetic analysis, that is, Pseudomonadales and Methanomicrobiales, and the methanogen present during anaerobic co-digestion with OTC may have been resistant to OTC. The abundances of tet(Q) and tet(W) genes increased as the OTC concentration increased, whereas the abundances of tet(M) and tet(C) genes decreased as the OTC concentration increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wang
- a Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjia Pan
- a Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gu
- a Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Qian
- a Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Gao
- a Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjun Qin
- a Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-environment in Northwest China/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , People's Republic of China
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Wang D, Xi J, Ai P, Yu L, Zhai H, Yan S, Zhang Y. Enhancing ethanol production from thermophilic and mesophilic solid digestate using ozone combined with aqueous ammonia pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 207:52-58. [PMID: 26868156 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment with ozone combined with aqueous ammonia was used to recover residual organic carbon from recalcitrant solid digestate for ethanol production after anaerobic digestion (AD) of rice straw. Methane yield of AD at mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, and ethanol production of solid digestate were investigated. The results showed that the methane yield at thermophilic temperature was 72.2% higher than that at mesophilic temperature under the same conditions of 24days and 17% solid concentration. And also the ethanol production efficiency of solid digestate after thermophilic process was 24.3% higher than that of solid digestate after mesophilic process. In this study, the optimal conditions for integrated methane and ethanol processes were determined as 55°C, 17% solid concentration and 24days. 58.6% of glucose conversion, 142.8g/kg of methane yield and 65.2g/kg of ethanol yield were achieved, and the highest net energy balance was calculated as 6416kJ/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianlong Wang
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jiang Xi
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ping Ai
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Hong Zhai
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuiping Yan
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanlin Zhang
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
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Bousek J, Scroccaro D, Sima J, Weissenbacher N, Fuchs W. Influence of the gas composition on the efficiency of ammonia stripping of biogas digestate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 203:259-266. [PMID: 26735881 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Impact of strip gas composition on side stream ammonia stripping, a technology aiming at the reduction of high ammonia levels in anaerobic reactors, was investigated. Evaluation of the effect of oxygen contact during air stripping showed a distinct, though lower than perceived, inhibition of anaerobic microflora. To circumvent, the feasibility and possible constraints of biogas and flue gas as alternatives in side stream stripping were studied. Experiments, with ammonia bicarbonate model solution and digestate, were conducted. It was demonstrated that the stripping performance is negatively correlated to the CO2 level in the strip gas with a progressive performance loss towards higher concentrations. In contrast to biogas with its high CO2 content, the efficiency reduction observed for flue gas was significantly less pronounced. The later provides the additional benefit that its high thermal energy can be re-utilized in the stripping unit and it is therefore considered a viable alternative for air.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bousek
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
| | - D Scroccaro
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Jan Sima
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Norbert Weissenbacher
- Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Wien, Austria
| | - W Fuchs
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, IFA-Tulln, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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Schnürer A. Biogas Production: Microbiology and Technology. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 156:195-234. [PMID: 27432246 DOI: 10.1007/10_2016_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Biogas, containing energy-rich methane, is produced by microbial decomposition of organic material under anaerobic conditions. Under controlled conditions, this process can be used for the production of energy and a nutrient-rich residue suitable for use as a fertilising agent. The biogas can be used for production of heat, electricity or vehicle fuel. Different substrates can be used in the process and, depending on substrate character, various reactor technologies are available. The microbiological process leading to methane production is complex and involves many different types of microorganisms, often operating in close relationships because of the limited amount of energy available for growth. The microbial community structure is shaped by the incoming material, but also by operating parameters such as process temperature. Factors leading to an imbalance in the microbial community can result in process instability or even complete process failure. To ensure stable operation, different key parameters, such as levels of degradation intermediates and gas quality, are often monitored. Despite the fact that the anaerobic digestion process has long been used for industrial production of biogas, many questions need still to be resolved to achieve optimal management and gas yields and to exploit the great energy and nutrient potential available in waste material. This chapter discusses the different aspects that need to be taken into consideration to achieve optimal degradation and gas production, with particular focus on operation management and microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schnürer
- Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 7025, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Protocol for Start-Up and Operation of CSTR Biogas Processes. SPRINGER PROTOCOLS HANDBOOKS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/8623_2016_214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sun L, Liu T, Müller B, Schnürer A. The microbial community structure in industrial biogas plants influences the degradation rate of straw and cellulose in batch tests. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:128. [PMID: 27330562 PMCID: PMC4912747 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Materials rich in lignocellulose, such as straw, are abundant, cheap and highly interesting for biogas production. However, the complex structure of lignocellulose is difficult for microbial cellulolytic enzymes to access, limiting degradation. The rate of degradation depends on the activity of members of the microbial community, but the knowledge of this community in the biogas process is rather limited. This study, therefore, investigated the degradation rate of cellulose and straw in batch cultivation test initiated with inoculums from four co-digestion biogas plants (CD) and six wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The results were correlated to the bacterial community by 454-pyrosequencing targeting 16S rRNA gene and by T-RFLP analysis targeting genes of glycoside hydrolase families 5 (cel5) and 48 (cel48), combined with construction of clone libraries. RESULTS UniFrac principal coordinate analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons revealed a clustering of WWTPs, while the CDs were more separated from each other. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes dominated the community with a comparably higher abundance of the latter in the processes operating at high ammonia levels. Sequences obtained from the cel5 and cel 48 clone libraries were also mainly related to the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and here ammonia was a parameter with a strong impact on the cel5 community. The results from the batch cultivation showed similar degradation pattern for eight of the biogas plants, while two characterised by high ammonia level and low bacterial diversity, showed a clear lower degradation rate. Interestingly, two T-RFs from the cel5 community were positively correlated to high degradation rates of both straw and cellulose. One of the respective partial cel5 sequences shared 100 % identity to Clostridium cellulolyticum. CONCLUSION The degradation rate of cellulose and straw varied in the batch tests dependent on the origin of the inoculum and was negatively correlated with the ammonia level. The cellulose-degrading community, targeted by analysis of the glycoside hydrolase families 5 (cel5) and 48 (cel48), showed a dominance of bacteria belonging the Firmicutes and Bacteriodetes, and a positive correlation was found between the cellulose degradation rate of wheat straw with the level of C. cellulolyticum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- />Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tong Liu
- />Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bettina Müller
- />Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Schnürer
- />Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- />Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Science, 1432 Ås, Norway
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Sun L, Pope PB, Eijsink VGH, Schnürer A. Characterization of microbial community structure during continuous anaerobic digestion of straw and cow manure. Microb Biotechnol 2015; 8:815-27. [PMID: 26152665 PMCID: PMC4554469 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Responses of bacterial and archaeal communities to the addition of straw during anaerobic digestion of manure at different temperatures (37°C, 44°C and 52°C) were investigated using five laboratory-scale semi-continuous stirred tank reactors. The results revealed that including straw as co-substrate decreased the species richness for bacteria, whereas increasing the operating temperature decreased the species richness for both archaea and bacteria, and also the evenness of the bacteria. Taxonomic classifications of the archaeal community showed that Methanobrevibacter dominated in the manure samples, while Methanosarcina dominated in all digesters regardless of substrate. Increase of the operating temperature to 52°C led to increased relative abundance of Methanoculleus and Methanobacterium. Among the bacteria, the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes dominated within all samples. Compared with manure itself, digestion of manure resulted in a higher abundance of an uncultured class WWE1 and lower abundance of Bacilli. Adding straw to the digesters increased the level of Bacteroidia, while increasing the operating temperature decreased the level of this class and instead increased the relative abundance of an uncultured genus affiliated to order MBA08 (Clostridia). A considerable fraction of bacterial sequences could not be allocated to genus level, indicating that novel phylotypes are resident in these communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Phillip B Pope
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Anna Schnürer
- Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala BioCenter, P.O. Box 7025, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway
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Hagen LH, Vivekanand V, Pope PB, Eijsink VGH, Horn SJ. The effect of storage conditions on microbial community composition and biomethane potential in a biogas starter culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:5749-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Rico C, Muñoz N, Rico JL. Anaerobic co-digestion of cheese whey and the screened liquid fraction of dairy manure in a single continuously stirred tank reactor process: Limits in co-substrate ratios and organic loading rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:327-333. [PMID: 25911592 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion of cheese whey and the screened liquid fraction of dairy manure was investigated with the aim of determining the treatment limits in terms of the cheese whey fraction in feed and the organic loading rate. The results of a continuous stirred tank reactor that was operated with a hydraulic retention time of 15.6 days showed that the co-digestion process was possible with a cheese whey fraction as high as 85% in the feed. The efficiency of the process was similar within the range of the 15-85% cheese whey fraction. To study the effect of the increasing loading rate, the HRT was progressively shortened with the 65% cheese whey fraction in the feed. The reactor efficiency dropped as the HRT decreased but enabled a stable operation over 8.7 days of HRT. At these operating conditions, a volumetric methane production rate of 1.37 m(3) CH4 m(-3) d(-1) was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rico
- Department of Water and Environmental Science and Technologies, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain.
| | - Noelia Muñoz
- Energy Lab (Sustainable Energy Technological Center), Edificio CITEXVI, Local 1 R/Fonte das Abelleiras, s/n, Campus Universitario de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Resources, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - José Luis Rico
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Resources, University of Cantabria, Avda. Los Castros, s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
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Theuretzbacher F, Lizasoain J, Lefever C, Saylor MK, Enguidanos R, Weran N, Gronauer A, Bauer A. Steam explosion pretreatment of wheat straw to improve methane yields: investigation of the degradation kinetics of structural compounds during anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 179:299-305. [PMID: 25549903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Wheat straw can serve as a low-cost substrate for energy production without competing with food or feed production. This study investigated the effect of steam explosion pretreatment on the biological methane potential and the degradation kinetics of wheat straw during anaerobic digestion. It was observed that the biological methane potential of the non steam exploded, ground wheat straw (276 l(N) kg VS(-1)) did not significantly differ from the best steam explosion treated sample (286 l(N) kg VS(-1)) which was achieved at a pretreatment temperature of 140°C and a retention time of 60 min. Nevertheless degradation speed was improved by the pretreatment. Furthermore it was observed that compounds resulting from chemical reactions during the pretreatment and classified as pseudo-lignin were also degraded during the anaerobic batch experiments. Based on the rumen simulation technique, a model was developed to characterise the degradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Theuretzbacher
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Javier Lizasoain
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria; alpS - Centre for Climate Change Adaptation, Grabenweg 68, A-6010 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christopher Lefever
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Molly K Saylor
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Ramon Enguidanos
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Weran
- Biogas Systems GmbH, Am Futterplatz 3106, 7111 Parndorf, Austria
| | - Andreas Gronauer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Alexander Bauer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria.
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Sasaki D, Sasaki K, Tsuge Y, Morita M, Kondo A. Comparison of metabolomic profiles of microbial communities between stable and deteriorated methanogenic processes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 172:83-90. [PMID: 25237777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Central metabolite profiles from glucose in microbial communities during methanogenic process were compared between a stable methanogenic reactor (MR) and a deteriorated reactor (DR). The concentrations of intracellular metabolites related to the Embden-Meyerhof and pentose phosphate pathways, with the exception of pyruvate, remained high in the MR, showing increased carbon flux in the glycolysis pathway during stable methanogenesis. Extracellular acetate temporarily accumulated in the MR, consistent with higher ATP level in the MR. Intracellular concentrations of the intermediates in the reductive branch of tricarboxylic acid cycle, malate, fumarate, and succinate were higher in the DR. Low NADH/NAD(+) ratio both in the MR and DR would suggest NADH consumption during acetate and lactate/succinate production in the MR and DR, respectively. Intracellular glutamate levels were higher in the MR, correlating with lower NADPH/NADP(+) ratio concentrations in the MR. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic state during stable methanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sasaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kengo Sasaki
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yota Tsuge
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Morita
- Bioengineering Sector, Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, 1646 Abiko, Abiko-shi, Chiba 270-1194, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Biomass Engineering Program, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
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Strömberg S, Nistor M, Liu J. Towards eliminating systematic errors caused by the experimental conditions in Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) tests. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 34:1939-48. [PMID: 25151444 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test is increasingly recognised as a tool for selecting and pricing biomass material for production of biogas. However, the results for the same substrate often differ between laboratories and much work to standardise such tests is still needed. In the current study, the effects from four environmental factors (i.e. ambient temperature and pressure, water vapour content and initial gas composition of the reactor headspace) on the degradation kinetics and the determined methane potential were evaluated with a 2(4) full factorial design. Four substrates, with different biodegradation profiles, were investigated and the ambient temperature was found to be the most significant contributor to errors in the methane potential. Concerning the kinetics of the process, the environmental factors' impact on the calculated rate constants was negligible. The impact of the environmental factors on the kinetic parameters and methane potential from performing a BMP test at different geographical locations around the world was simulated by adjusting the data according to the ambient temperature and pressure of some chosen model sites. The largest effect on the methane potential was registered from tests performed at high altitudes due to a low ambient pressure. The results from this study illustrate the importance of considering the environmental factors' influence on volumetric gas measurement in BMP tests. This is essential to achieve trustworthy and standardised results that can be used by researchers and end users from all over the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sten Strömberg
- Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, Getingevägen 60, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Mihaela Nistor
- Bioprocess Control, Scheelevägen 22, 223 63 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, Getingevägen 60, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; Bioprocess Control, Scheelevägen 22, 223 63 Lund, Sweden.
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Schumacher B, Wedwitschka H, Hofmann J, Denysenko V, Lorenz H, Liebetrau J. Disintegration in the biogas sector--technologies and effects. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 168:2-6. [PMID: 24589495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment of organic material prior to anaerobic digestion is seen as an option to increase the overall efficiency of the process. An overview of physical, chemical, and biological disintegration (DT) of substrates in the biogas sector is given. The energy demands DT were surveyed. The technologies were evaluated by reference to the Technology Readiness Assessment Guide of the U.S. Department of Energy. The evaluation focuses on ligno-cellulosic substrates like straw. Data of a survey among biogas plant operators were analyzed regarding the prevalence of disintegration technology classes in Germany. Furthermore, biochemical methane potential tests were conducted in laboratory scale to determine the specific methane yields of un-/treated barley straw (thermal pressure hydrolysis (TPH)). A methane potential of 228 ml CH4/g VS was measured for untreated barley straw; and of 251 ml CH4/g VS for TPH-straw (190 °C, 30 min). The reaction rates in BMP were calculated between 0.0976 and 0.1443 d(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Schumacher
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Harald Wedwitschka
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josephine Hofmann
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Velina Denysenko
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helge Lorenz
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Liebetrau
- Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
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