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Buckeridge E, Caballero CC, Smith DH, Stott MB, Carere CR. Substrate and nutrient manipulation during continuous cultivation of extremophilic algae, Galdieria spp. RTK 37.1, substantially impacts biomass productivity and composition. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024. [PMID: 39032007 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The extremophilic nature and metabolic flexibility of Galdieria spp. highlights their potential for biotechnological application. However, limited research into continuous cultivation of Galdieria spp. has slowed progress towards the commercialization of these algae. The objective of this research was to investigate biomass productivity and growth yields during continuous photoautotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic cultivation of Galdieria sp. RTK371; a strain recently isolated from within the Taupō Volcanic Zone in Aotearoa-New Zealand. Results indicate Galdieria sp. RTK371 grows optimally at pH 2.5 under warm white LED illumination. Photosynthetic O2 production was dependent on lighting intensity with a maximal value of (133.5 ± 12.1 nmol O2 mgbiomass -1 h-1) achieved under 100 μmol m-2 s-1 illumination. O2 production rates slowed significantly to 42 ± 1 and <0.01 nmol O2 mgbiomass -1 h-1 during mixotrophic and heterotrophic growth regimes respectively. Stable, long-term chemostat growth of Galdieria sp. RTK371 was achieved during photoautotrophic, mixotrophic and heterotrophic growth regimes. During periods of ammonium limitation, Galdieria sp. RTK371 increased its intracellular carbohydrate content (up to 37% w/w). In contrast, biomass grown in ammonium excess was composed of up to 65% protein (w/w). Results from this study demonstrate that the growth of Galdieria sp. RTK371 can be manipulated during continuous cultivation to obtain desired biomass and product yields over long cultivation periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Buckeridge
- Te Tari Pūhanga Tukanga Matū, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Carlos C Caballero
- Te Tari Pūhanga Tukanga Matū, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Aotearoa, New Zealand
- Scion Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, Rotorua, Aotearoa, New Zealand
- Laboratorio de Biorefinería, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Daniel H Smith
- Te Tari Pūhanga Tukanga Matū, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Matthew B Stott
- Te Kura Pūtaiao Koiora-School of Biological Sciences, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Carlo R Carere
- Te Tari Pūhanga Tukanga Matū, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Aotearoa, New Zealand
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Sarpal AS, Teixeira CMLL, Costa ICR. Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris in wastewater: biodiesel potential and wastewater remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:48795-48810. [PMID: 38990262 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34231-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The present investigation has evaluated the use of effluents from a secondary municipal wastewater treatment plant for biomass production and potential of the biomass for biodiesel production. Cultivations of Chlorella vulgaris using wastewater, wastewater with supplementation, and WC medium were carried out. Effect of wastewater collected in different months on biomass productivity (BP) and lipid composition was studied. Methods based on NMR and GC-MS techniques were applied for determining the composition of the lipids and their fatty acid profile including poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Lipids extracted are comprised of both neutral (tri acyl glycerides, TAG; free fatty acids, FFA) and polar (glyco glycero/phospho) lipids. The TAG content of the extracted lipids was determined in the range of 22.5-41.3% w/w. The NMR and GC-MS compositional results of microalgal lipids of biomasses cultivated in wastewater without nutrient supplementation, collected in different months, showed potential for biodiesel production. The fatty acid profiles of neutral and polar lipids, which are mainly comprised of saturated and unsaturated long alkyl chain (C16-C22) fatty acids, are potential sources for the biodiesel and food industry. The concentration of nitrates (45-78 mg L-1) in wastewater without supplementation, collected in different months, was found to be optimum to enable cultivation of biomasses with reasonably good BP of 21.5-28.1 mg L-1 day-1. Similar results have been obtained in the present work as well as reported in the literature in the case of WC medium (nitrate, 69 mg L-1) with BP of 25.5-28.2 mg L-1 day-1, thus highlighted the significance of the presented work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarjit S Sarpal
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade E Tecnologia-INMETRO, Avenida Nossa Senhora das Gracas 50Duque de ́Caxias, Xerem, RJ, Brazil.
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., R&D Center, Fariadabad, Haryana, 121006, India.
| | - Cláudia M L L Teixeira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de M, icroalgas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Av Venezuela, 82, Sala 716, Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ingrid C R Costa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de M, icroalgas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Av Venezuela, 82, Sala 716, Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Loureiro L, Morais J, Silva R, Martins JT, Geada P, Vasconcelos V, Vicente AA. Isolation and Identification of Lichen Photobionts Collected from Different Environments in North of Portugal and Evaluation of Bioactivities of Their Extracts. Foods 2024; 13:1759. [PMID: 38890987 PMCID: PMC11172358 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lichens are organisms constituted by a symbiotic relationship between a fungus (mycobiont) and a photoautotrophic partner (photobiont). Lichens produce several bioactive compounds; however, the biotechnological exploitation of this organism is hampered by its slow growth. To start studying the possibility of exploiting lichens as alternative sources of bioactive compounds, eighteen lichens were collected in the north of Portugal in order to isolate and study the bioactivity of their photobionts. It was possible to isolate and cultivate only eight photobionts. Three of them, LFR1, LFA2 and LCF3, belong to the Coelastrella genus, the other two (LFA1 and LCF1) belong to the Chlorella genus and for the remaining three photobionts, LFS1, LCA1 and LCR1, it was impossible to isolate their microalgae. These only grow in consortium with bacteria and/or cyanobacteria. All extracts showed antioxidant activity, mainly at a concentration of 10 mg.mL-1. LFS1, a consortium extract, showed the highest antioxidant power, as well as the highest concentration of phenolic compounds (5.16 ± 0.53 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE).g-1). The extracts under study did not show significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Listeria or Salmonella. The Coelastrella sp. and LFA1 extracts showed the highest hyaluronidase inhibition. The LFR1 extract at a concentration of 5 mg.mL-1 showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity (79.77 ± 7.66%). The extracts of Coelastrella sp. and LFA1 also showed greater antidiabetic activity, demonstrating the high inhibitory power of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. LFR1 at a concentration of 5 mg.mL-1, due to its selective cytotoxicity inhibiting the growth of cancer cells (Caco-2 cells), is a promising anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Loureiro
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4750 Braga, Portugal; (J.T.M.); (P.G.); (A.A.V.)
| | - João Morais
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research and Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (J.M.); (R.S.); (V.V.)
| | - Raquel Silva
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research and Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (J.M.); (R.S.); (V.V.)
| | - Joana T. Martins
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4750 Braga, Portugal; (J.T.M.); (P.G.); (A.A.V.)
| | - Pedro Geada
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4750 Braga, Portugal; (J.T.M.); (P.G.); (A.A.V.)
| | - Vítor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR—Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research and Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (J.M.); (R.S.); (V.V.)
| | - António A. Vicente
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4750 Braga, Portugal; (J.T.M.); (P.G.); (A.A.V.)
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Miller IR, Bui H, Wood JB, Fields MW, Gerlach R. Understanding phycosomal dynamics to improve industrial microalgae cultivation. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42:680-698. [PMID: 38184438 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Algal-bacterial interactions are ubiquitous in both natural and industrial systems, and the characterization of these interactions has been reinvigorated by potential applications in biosystem productivity. Different growth conditions can be used for operational functions, such as the use of low-quality water or high pH/alkalinity, and the altered operating conditions likely constrain microbial community structure and function in unique ways. However, research is necessary to better understand whether consortia can be designed to improve the productivity, processing, and sustainability of industrial-scale cultivations through different controls that can constrain microbial interactions for maximal light-driven outputs. The review highlights current knowledge and gaps for relevant operating conditions, as well as suggestions for near-term and longer-term improvements for large-scale cultivation and polyculture engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac R Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Huyen Bui
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Jessica B Wood
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Matthew W Fields
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Department of Civil Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Energy Research Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
| | - Robin Gerlach
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Energy Research Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA; Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Bozeman, MT, USA
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5
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Vítová M, Mezricky D. Microbial recovery of rare earth elements from various waste sources: a mini review with emphasis on microalgae. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:189. [PMID: 38702568 PMCID: PMC11068686 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are indispensable in contemporary technologies, influencing various aspects of our daily lives and environmental solutions. The escalating demand for REEs has led to increased exploitation, resulting in the generation of diverse REE-bearing solid and liquid wastes. Recognizing the potential of these wastes as secondary sources of REEs, researchers are exploring microbial solutions for their recovery. This mini review provides insights into the utilization of microorganisms, with a particular focus on microalgae, for recovering REEs from sources such as ores, electronic waste, and industrial effluents. The review outlines the principles and distinctions of bioleaching, biosorption, and bioaccumulation, offering a comparative analysis of their potential and limitations. Specific examples of microorganisms demonstrating efficacy in REE recovery are highlighted, accompanied by successful methods, including advanced techniques for enhancing microbial strains to achieve higher REE recovery. Moreover, the review explores the environmental implications of bio-recovery, discussing the potential of these methods to mitigate REE pollution. By emphasizing microalgae as promising biotechnological candidates for REE recovery, this mini review not only presents current advances but also illuminates prospects in sustainable REE resource management and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milada Vítová
- Department of Phycology, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czechia.
| | - Dana Mezricky
- Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, IMC Krems, Krems, Austria
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Yang Y, Tang S, Chen JP. Carbon capture and utilization by algae with high concentration CO 2 or bicarbonate as carbon source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170325. [PMID: 38278265 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Algae plays a key role in carbon capture and utilization (CCU) as it can capture and use the atmospheric CO2 for conversion of value-added products. Concentrated CO2 is common in flue gas and provides opportunities for algae cultivation. The drawbacks are mass transfer limitation, poor CO2 dissolution, and challenges to reach optimal levels for algal growth at given flue gas levels. Bicarbonate is flexible to be used as carbon source and owns the potential to enhance the efficiency of biological carbon fixation by algae. The requirements of algae strains are more stringent. To improve the industrial scale-up of CCU, system optimization is of great importance. More novel algal strains that can grow rapidly under harsh environment and provide valuable bio-products should be developed for large-scale production. Algae-driven CCU is promising for achieving carbon-neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences/ College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge, Singapore.
| | - Shuo Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, PR China
| | - J Paul Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge, Singapore.
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Fais G, Casula M, Sidorowicz A, Manca A, Margarita V, Fiori PL, Pantaleo A, Caboni P, Cao G, Concas A. Cultivation of Chroococcidiopsis thermalis Using Available In Situ Resources to Sustain Life on Mars. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:251. [PMID: 38398760 PMCID: PMC10889959 DOI: 10.3390/life14020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The cultivation of cyanobacteria by exploiting available in situ resources represents a possible way to supply food and oxygen to astronauts during long-term crewed missions on Mars. Here, we evaluated the possibility of cultivating the extremophile cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis thermalis CCALA 050 under operating conditions that should occur within a dome hosting a recently patented process to produce nutrients and oxygen on Mars. The medium adopted to cultivate this cyanobacterium, named Martian medium, was obtained using a mixture of regolith leachate and astronauts' urine simulants that would be available in situ resources whose exploitation could reduce the mission payload. The results demonstrated that C. thermalis can grow in such a medium. For producing high biomass, the best medium consisted of specific percentages (40%vol) of Martian medium and a standard medium (60%vol). Biomass produced in such a medium exhibits excellent antioxidant properties and contains significant amounts of pigments. Lipidomic analysis demonstrated that biomass contains strategic lipid classes able to help the astronauts facing the oxidative stress and inflammatory phenomena taking place on Mars. These characteristics suggest that this strain could serve as a valuable nutritional resource for astronauts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Fais
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mattia Casula
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Sidorowicz
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessia Manca
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.); (V.M.); (P.L.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Valentina Margarita
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.); (V.M.); (P.L.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Pier Luigi Fiori
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.); (V.M.); (P.L.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.); (V.M.); (P.L.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Cao
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia (CRS4), Loc. Piscina Manna, Building 1, 09050 Pula, Italy
| | - Alessandro Concas
- Interdepartmental Centre of Environmental Science and Engineering (CINSA), University of Cagliari, Via San Giorgio 12, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (G.F.); (M.C.); (A.S.); (G.C.)
- Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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Marchetto F, Santaeufemia S, Lebiedzińska-Arciszewska M, Śliwińska MA, Pich M, Kurek E, Naziębło A, Strawski M, Solymosi D, Szklarczyk M, Bulska E, Szymański J, Wierzbicka M, Allahverdiyeva Y, Więckowski MR, Kargul J. Dynamic adaptation of the extremophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae to high nickel stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108365. [PMID: 38266563 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The order of Cyanidiales comprises seven acido-thermophilic red microalgal species thriving in hot springs of volcanic origin characterized by extremely low pH, moderately high temperatures and the presence of high concentrations of sulphites and heavy metals that are prohibitive for most other organisms. Little is known about the physiological processes underlying the long-term adaptation of these extremophiles to such hostile environments. Here, we investigated the long-term adaptive responses of a red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae, a representative of Cyanidiales, to extremely high nickel concentrations. By the comprehensive physiological, microscopic and elemental analyses we dissected the key physiological processes underlying the long-term adaptation of this model extremophile to high Ni exposure. These include: (i) prevention of significant Ni accumulation inside the cells; (ii) activation of the photoprotective response of non-photochemical quenching; (iii) significant changes of the chloroplast ultrastructure associated with the formation of prolamellar bodies and plastoglobuli together with loosening of the thylakoid membranes; (iv) activation of ROS amelioration machinery; and (v) maintaining the efficient respiratory chain functionality. The dynamically regulated processes identified in this study are discussed in the context of the mechanisms driving the remarkable adaptability of C. merolae to extremely high Ni levels exceeding by several orders of magnitude those found in the natural environment of the microalga. The processes identified in this study provide a solid basis for the future investigation of the specific molecular components and pathways involved in the adaptation of Cyanidiales to the extremely high Ni concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marchetto
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sergio Santaeufemia
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata A Śliwińska
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Pich
- Biological and Chemical Research Center, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eliza Kurek
- Biological and Chemical Research Center, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Naziębło
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Strawski
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Solymosi
- Molecular Plant Biology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Marek Szklarczyk
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bulska
- Biological and Chemical Research Center, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Szymański
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wierzbicka
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yagut Allahverdiyeva
- Molecular Plant Biology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Mariusz R Więckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kargul
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Center of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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Gupta A, Kang K, Pathania R, Saxton L, Saucedo B, Malik A, Torres-Tiji Y, Diaz CJ, Dutra Molino JV, Mayfield SP. Harnessing genetic engineering to drive economic bioproduct production in algae. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1350722. [PMID: 38347913 PMCID: PMC10859422 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1350722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Our reliance on agriculture for sustenance, healthcare, and resources has been essential since the dawn of civilization. However, traditional agricultural practices are no longer adequate to meet the demands of a burgeoning population amidst climate-driven agricultural challenges. Microalgae emerge as a beacon of hope, offering a sustainable and renewable source of food, animal feed, and energy. Their rapid growth rates, adaptability to non-arable land and non-potable water, and diverse bioproduct range, encompassing biofuels and nutraceuticals, position them as a cornerstone of future resource management. Furthermore, microalgae's ability to capture carbon aligns with environmental conservation goals. While microalgae offers significant benefits, obstacles in cost-effective biomass production persist, which curtails broader application. This review examines microalgae compared to other host platforms, highlighting current innovative approaches aimed at overcoming existing barriers. These approaches include a range of techniques, from gene editing, synthetic promoters, and mutagenesis to selective breeding and metabolic engineering through transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Kalisa Kang
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ruchi Pathania
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Lisa Saxton
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Barbara Saucedo
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ashleyn Malik
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yasin Torres-Tiji
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Crisandra J. Diaz
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - João Vitor Dutra Molino
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Stephen P. Mayfield
- Mayfield Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- California Center for Algae Biotechnology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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10
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Magyar T, Németh B, Tamás J, Nagy PT. Improvement of N and P ratio for enhanced biomass productivity and sustainable cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23238. [PMID: 38163152 PMCID: PMC10757005 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microalgae cultivation could contribute to the achievement of several sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, cultivating Chlorella vulgaris, like any other microalgae, is challenging due to various biotic, abiotic and process related factors that can affect its growth and biomass productivity. Nutrient availability, particularly N and P, and their ratio play a crucial role in building cellular structures and maintaining metabolic processes, determining basically the maximum achievable biomass productivity under given circumstances. The present article aims to improve the N and P ratio to enhance the biomass productivity of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae as well as to characterize the biomass growth kinetics that can be used for prediction purposes. The results showed that the nutrient solutions prepared with increased nitrate concentration (T1 - N:P = 55:1 and T3 - N:P = 28:1) promoted chlorophyll formation and significantly outperformed the control sample (BG-11 - N:P = 35:1) with 192% and 183%, leading to higher biomass productivity with 1160 μg L-1 and 1103 μg L-1, respectively. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was revealed (0.81) between phosphate concentration and microalgae activity rate, indicating the role of phosphorous in energy transfer, resulted in stimulated microalgae activity rates with 71.2% and 70.66% in the phosphate-increased nutrient solutions (T2 - N:P = 14:1 and T3 - N:P = 28:1). In addition, an exponential equation was introduced to characterize the biomass growth kinetics, of which the theoretically achievable maximum chlorophyll concentration (CTAM) and the theoretical cultivation time (tcultivation) were determined for the tested nutrient solutions with variable N:P ratio. It was concluded, that the higher the N:P ratio, the higher the CTAM is, nevertheless the absolute concentration of these nutrients need to be considered as well. The introduced two key parameters could provide valuable information for decision makers regarding the optimization of growth conditions, nutrient supplementation, and harvesting, additionally decreasing the production costs and making the cultivation cycles more effective and sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Magyar
- Institute of Water and Environmental Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 146B Böszörményi str., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 146B Böszörményi str., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Bence Németh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Debrecen, Ótemető str. 2-4., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Tamás
- Institute of Water and Environmental Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 146B Böszörményi str., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 146B Böszörményi str., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Tamás Nagy
- Institute of Water and Environmental Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 146B Böszörményi str., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 146B Böszörményi str., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
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11
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Rossi S, Carecci D, Marazzi F, Di Benedetto F, Mezzanotte V, Parati K, Alberti D, Geraci I, Ficara E. Integrating microalgae growth in biomethane plants: Process design, modelling, and cost evaluation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23240. [PMID: 38163195 PMCID: PMC10755323 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The integration of microalgae cultivation in anaerobic digestion (AD) plants can take advantage of relevant nutrients (ammonium and ortho-phosphate) and CO2 loads. The proposed scheme of microalgae integration in existing biogas plants aims at producing approximately 250 t·y-1 of microalgal biomass, targeting the biostimulants market that is currently under rapid expansion. A full-scale biorefinery was designed to treat 50 kt·y-1 of raw liquid digestate from AD and 0.45 kt·y-1 of CO2 from biogas upgrading, and 0.40 kt·y-1 of sugar-rich solid by-products from a local confectionery industry. An innovative three-stage cultivation process was designed, modelled, and verified, including: i) microalgae inoculation in tubular PBRs to select the desired algal strains, ii) microalgae cultivation in raceway ponds under greenhouses, and iii) heterotrophic microalgae cultivation in fermenters. A detailed economic assessment of the proposed biorefinery allowed to compute a biomass production cost of 2.8 ± 0.3 €·kg DW-1, that is compatible with current downstream process costs to produce biostimulants, suggesting that the proposed nutrient recovery route is feasible from the technical and economic perspective. Based on the case study analysis, a discussion of process, bioproducts and policy barriers that currently hinder the development of microalgae-based biorefineries is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rossi
- Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Carecci
- Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Marazzi
- University of Milano – Bicocca, DISAT – Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 1, P.zza della Scienza, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Benedetto
- Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Valeria Mezzanotte
- University of Milano – Bicocca, DISAT – Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 1, P.zza della Scienza, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Katia Parati
- Istituto Sperimentale Italiano Lazzaro Spallanzani, Aquaculture division, 26027 Rivolta d’Adda, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Ficara
- Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2, P.zza Leonardo da Vinci, 20133 Milano, Italy
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12
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Zhang F, Li Z, Chen C, Luan H, Fang RH, Zhang L, Wang J. Biohybrid Microalgae Robots: Design, Fabrication, Materials, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303714. [PMID: 37471001 PMCID: PMC10799182 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
The integration of microorganisms and engineered artificial components has shown considerable promise for creating biohybrid microrobots. The unique features of microalgae make them attractive candidates as natural actuation materials for the design of biohybrid microrobotic systems. In this review, microalgae-based biohybrid microrobots are introduced for diverse biomedical and environmental applications. The distinct propulsion and phototaxis behaviors of green microalgae, as well as important properties from other photosynthetic microalga systems (blue-green algae and diatom) that are crucial to constructing powerful biohybrid microrobots, will be described first. Then the focus is on chemical and physical routes for functionalizing the algae surface with diverse reactive materials toward the fabrication of advanced biohybrid microalgae robots. Finally, representative applications of such algae-driven microrobots are presented, including drug delivery, imaging, and water decontamination, highlighting the distinct advantages of these active biohybrid robots, along with future prospects and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Zhang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhengxing Li
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chuanrui Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Hao Luan
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ronnie H. Fang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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13
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Klepacz-Smolka A, Shah MR, Jiang Y, Zhong Y, Chen P, Pietrzyk D, Szelag R, Ledakowicz S, Daroch M. Microalgae are not an umbrella solution for power industry waste abatement but could play a role in their valorization. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023:1-29. [PMID: 38105487 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2284644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have long been regarded as a promising solution for biological carbon abatement from the power industry, offering renewable biomass without competing for land or water resources used for food crops. In this study, we extensively examined the application of photosynthetic microorganisms for closing carbon, nitrogen, and micronutrient loops in the power industry. Subsequently, we explored the bottom-up integration of algal biorefineries into power industry waste streams for increased economic benefits and reduced environmental impacts. Analysis of the available data indicated that microalgae integration with the power industry is primarily performed using flue-gas-assisted cultivation. This approach allows for carbon sequestration typically below one gram per liter per day, too low to significantly impact carbon abatement at achievable scales of microalgae cultivation. Alternative approaches are also being explored. For example, soluble bicarbonate platforms allow for higher biomass productivity and temporary carbon storage. Meanwhile, the use of ashes and waste heat and thermophilic strains can result in lower cultivation costs and better control of cultivation conditions. These approaches offer further incremental improvement to microalgae-based carbon abatement systems in the power industry but are unlikely to be an umbrella solution for carbon reduction. Consequently, in the near term, microalgae-based carbon valorization systems are likely to be limited to niche applications involving the synthesis of high-value products. For microalgae to truly transform carbon abatement processes radical improvements in both biology and engineering approaches are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Klepacz-Smolka
- Faculty of Process Engineering and Environmental Protection, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mahfuzur R Shah
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing Zhong
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Damian Pietrzyk
- Faculty of Process Engineering and Environmental Protection, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafal Szelag
- Faculty of Process Engineering and Environmental Protection, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Ledakowicz
- Faculty of Process Engineering and Environmental Protection, Technical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maurycy Daroch
- School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
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14
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Cutolo EA, Caferri R, Campitiello R, Cutolo M. The Clinical Promise of Microalgae in Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Natural Compounds to Recombinant Therapeutics. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:630. [PMID: 38132951 PMCID: PMC10745133 DOI: 10.3390/md21120630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an invalidating chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by joint inflammation and progressive bone damage. Dietary intervention is an important component in the treatment of RA to mitigate oxidative stress, a major pathogenic driver of the disease. Alongside traditional sources of antioxidants, microalgae-a diverse group of photosynthetic prokaryotes and eukaryotes-are emerging as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory food supplements. Several species accumulate therapeutic metabolites-mainly lipids and pigments-which interfere in the pro-inflammatory pathways involved in RA and other chronic inflammatory conditions. The advancement of the clinical uses of microalgae requires the continuous exploration of phytoplankton biodiversity and chemodiversity, followed by the domestication of wild strains into reliable producers of said metabolites. In addition, the tractability of microalgal genomes offers unprecedented possibilities to establish photosynthetic microbes as light-driven biofactories of heterologous immunotherapeutics. Here, we review the evidence-based anti-inflammatory mechanisms of microalgal metabolites and provide a detailed coverage of the genetic engineering strategies to enhance the yields of endogenous compounds and to develop innovative bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Andrea Cutolo
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Roberto Caferri
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Bioenergy, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Campitiello
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (R.C.)
| | - Maurizio Cutolo
- Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (R.C.)
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15
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Singh S, Singh L, Kumar V, Ali W, Ramamurthy PC, Singh Dhanjal D, Sivaram N, Angurana R, Singh J, Chandra Pandey V, Khan NA. Algae-based approaches for Holistic wastewater management: A low-cost paradigm. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140470. [PMID: 37858768 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic algal communities demonstrated their appeal for diverse industrial applications due to their vast availability, ease of harvest, lower production costs, and ability to biosynthesize valuable molecules. Algal biomass is promising because it can multiply in water and on land. Integrated algal systems have a significant advantage in wastewater treatment due to their ability to use phosphorus and nitrogen, simultaneously accumulating heavy metals and toxic substances. Several species of microalgae have adapted to thrive in these harsh environmental circumstances. The potential of algal communities contributes to achieving the United Nations' sustainable development goals in improving aquaculture, combating climate change, reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and providing biomass as a biofuel feedstock. Algal-based biomass processing technology facilitates the development of a circular bio-economy that is both commercially and ecologically viable. An integrated bio-refinery process featuring zero waste discharge could be a sustainable solution. In the current review, we will highlight wastewater management by algal species. In addition, designing and optimizing algal bioreactors for wastewater treatment have also been incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Singh
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - Lav Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, CCRAS-CARI, Jhansi, U.P., 284003, India
| | - Wahid Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology (CAIT), Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Praveen C Ramamurthy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560012, India.
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144111, India
| | - Nikhita Sivaram
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, USA
| | - Ruby Angurana
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144111, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144111, India; Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami, Nagaland 798627, India
| | - Vimal Chandra Pandey
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.
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16
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Sousa V, Pereira RN, Vicente AA, Dias O, Geada P. Microalgae biomass as an alternative source of biocompounds: New insights and future perspectives of extraction methodologies. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113282. [PMID: 37803596 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have characteristics that make them unique and full of potential. Their capacity to generate interesting bioactive molecules can add value to various industrial applications. However, most of these valuable compounds are intracellular, which makes their extraction a major bottleneck. Conventional extraction methodologies have some drawbacks, such as low eco-friendly character, high costs and energy demand, long treatment times, low selectivity and reduced extraction yields, as well as degradation of extracted compounds. The gaps found for these methods demonstrate that emergent approaches, such as ohmic heating, pulsed electric fields, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, or high-pressure processing, show potential to overcome the current drawbacks in the release and extraction of added-value compounds from microalgae. These new processing techniques can potentially extract a variety of compounds, making the process more profitable and applicable to large scales. This review provides an overview of the most important and promising factors to consider in the extraction methodologies applied to microalgae. Additionally, it delivers broad knowledge of the present impact of these methods on biomass and its compounds, raising the possibility of applying them in an integrated manner within a biorefinery concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vítor Sousa
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo N Pereira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António A Vicente
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Oscar Dias
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Pedro Geada
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS-Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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17
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Wang N, Pei H, Xiang W, Li T, Lin S, Wu J, Chen Z, Wu H, Li C, Wu H. Rapid Screening of Microalgae as Potential Sources of Natural Antioxidants. Foods 2023; 12:2652. [PMID: 37509744 PMCID: PMC10378671 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to rapidly screen microalgae species as feedstocks for antioxidants, extracts were obtained from 16 microalgae strains (under 11 genera, 7 classes) using two methods: a one-step extraction with ethanol/water and a three-step fractionating procedure using hexane, ethylacetate, and water successively. Measuring the total phenol content (TPC), total carotenoid content (TCC), and antioxidant activity of the extracts, indicating TPC and TCC, played an important role in determining the antioxidant activity of the microalgae. A weighted scoring system was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity, and the scores of microalgal samples from two extraction methods were calculated using the same system. Among the investigated microalgae, Euglena gracilis SCSIO-46781 had the highest antioxidant score, contributing to high TPC and TCC, followed by Arthrospira platensis SCSIO-44012, Nannochloropsis sp. SCSIO-45224, Phaeodactylum tricornutum SCSIO-45120, and Nannochloropsis sp. SCSIO-45006, respectively. Additionally, the above-mentioned five strains are currently being applied in commercial production, indicating this system could be effective not only for screening microalgal antioxidants, but also for screening microalgal species/strains with strong adaptation to environmental stress, which is a critical trait for their commercial cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiwei Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenzhou Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Tao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Shengjie Lin
- Guangzhou Keneng Cosmetic Scientific Research Co., Ltd., Guanghzou 510800, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Zishuo Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Houbo Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Chuanmao Li
- Guangzhou Keneng Cosmetic Scientific Research Co., Ltd., Guanghzou 510800, China
| | - Hualian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), No. 1119, Haibin Road, Nansha District, Guangzhou 511458, China
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18
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Sniegoňová P, Szotkowski M, Holub J, Sikorová P, Márová I. The Effect of Oil-Rich Food Waste Substrates, Used as an Alternative Carbon Source, on the Cultivation of Microalgae-A Pilot Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1621. [PMID: 37512794 PMCID: PMC10383527 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are mostly phototrophic microorganisms present worldwide, showcasing great adaptability to their environment. They are known for producing essential metabolites such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, sterols, lipids, and many more. This study discusses the possibility of the mixotrophic abilities of microalgae in the presence of food waste oils. The utilization of food waste materials is becoming more popular as a research subject as its production grows every year, increasing the environmental burden. In this work, waste frying oil and coffee oil were tested for the first time as a nutrition source for microalgae cultivation. Waste frying oil is produced in large amounts all over the world and its simple purification is one of its greatest advantages as it only needs to be filtered from leftover food pieces. Coffee oil is extracted from waste spent coffee grounds as a by-product. The waste frying oil and coffee oil were added to the basic algal media as an alternative source of carbon. As a pilot study for further experimentation, the effect of oil in the medium, algal adaptability, and capability to survive were tested within these experiments. The growth and production characteristics of four algae and cyanobacteria strains were tested, of which the strain Desmodesmus armatus achieved exceptional results of chlorophyll (8.171 ± 0.475 mg/g) and ubiquinone (5.708 ± 0.138 mg/g) production. The strain Chlamydomonas reindhartii showed exceptional lipid accumulation in the range of 30-46% in most of the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlína Sniegoňová
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Szotkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Holub
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Sikorová
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Márová
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic
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19
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Rossi S, Carecci D, Ficara E. Thermal response analysis and compilation of cardinal temperatures for 424 strains of microalgae, cyanobacteria, diatoms and other species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162275. [PMID: 36801411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae and other phototrophic microorganisms can be cultivated to produce food and valuable bioproducts, also allowing to remove nutrients from wastewater and CO2 from biogas or polluted gas streams. Among other environmental and physico-chemical parameters, microalgal productivity is strongly influenced by the cultivation temperature. In this review, cardinal temperatures identifying the thermal response, i.e., the optimal growth condition (TOPT), and the lower and upper limits for microalgae cultivation (TMIN and TMAX), have been included in a structured and harmonized database. Literature data for 424 strains belonging to 148 genera of green algae, cyanobacteria, diatoms, and other phototrophs were tabulated and analysed, with a focus on the most relevant genera that are currently cultivated at the industrial scale in Europe. The dataset creation aimed at facilitating the comparison of different strain performances for different operational temperatures and assisting in the process of thermal and biological modelling, to reduce energy consumption and biomass production costs. A case study was presented, to illustrate the effect of temperature control on the energetic expenditure for cultivating different Chorella sp. strains under a greenhouse located in different European sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rossi
- Politecnico di Milano, DICA - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Section, P.zza L. da Vinci, 3, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - D Carecci
- Politecnico di Milano, DEIB - Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, P.zza L. da Vinci, 3, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - E Ficara
- Politecnico di Milano, DICA - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Section, P.zza L. da Vinci, 3, 20133 Milan, Italy
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20
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Gajardo HA, Gómez-Espinoza O, Boscariol Ferreira P, Carrer H, Bravo LA. The Potential of CRISPR/Cas Technology to Enhance Crop Performance on Adverse Soil Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091892. [PMID: 37176948 PMCID: PMC10181257 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide food security is under threat in the actual scenery of global climate change because the major staple food crops are not adapted to hostile climatic and soil conditions. Significant efforts have been performed to maintain the actual yield of crops, using traditional breeding and innovative molecular techniques to assist them. However, additional strategies are necessary to achieve the future food demand. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) technology, as well as its variants, have emerged as alternatives to transgenic plant breeding. This novelty has helped to accelerate the necessary modifications in major crops to confront the impact of abiotic stress on agriculture systems. This review summarizes the current advances in CRISPR/Cas applications in crops to deal with the main hostile soil conditions, such as drought, flooding and waterlogging, salinity, heavy metals, and nutrient deficiencies. In addition, the potential of extremophytes as a reservoir of new molecular mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance, as well as their orthologue identification and edition in crops, is shown. Moreover, the future challenges and prospects related to CRISPR/Cas technology issues, legal regulations, and customer acceptance will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto A Gajardo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Agroindustria, Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente & Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 1145, Chile
| | - Olman Gómez-Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Agroindustria, Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente & Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 1145, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago 30101, Costa Rica
| | - Pedro Boscariol Ferreira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Helaine Carrer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil
| | - León A Bravo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Agroindustria, Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Medioambiente & Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 1145, Chile
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21
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Steensma AK, Shachar-Hill Y, Walker BJ. The carbon-concentrating mechanism of the extremophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 156:247-264. [PMID: 36780115 PMCID: PMC10154280 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyanidioschyzon merolae is an extremophilic red microalga which grows in low-pH, high-temperature environments. The basis of C. merolae's environmental resilience is not fully characterized, including whether this alga uses a carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM). To determine if C. merolae uses a CCM, we measured CO2 uptake parameters using an open-path infra-red gas analyzer and compared them to values expected in the absence of a CCM. These measurements and analysis indicated that C. merolae had the gas-exchange characteristics of a CCM-operating organism: low CO2 compensation point, high affinity for external CO2, and minimized rubisco oxygenation. The biomass δ13C of C. merolae was also consistent with a CCM. The apparent presence of a CCM in C. merolae suggests the use of an unusual mechanism for carbon concentration, as C. merolae is thought to lack a pyrenoid and gas-exchange measurements indicated that C. merolae primarily takes up inorganic carbon as carbon dioxide, rather than bicarbonate. We use homology to known CCM components to propose a model of a pH-gradient-based CCM, and we discuss how this CCM can be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Steensma
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Michigan State University - Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yair Shachar-Hill
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Berkley J Walker
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Michigan State University - Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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22
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Kharel HL, Shrestha I, Tan M, Nikookar M, Saraei N, Selvaratnam T. Cyanidiales-Based Bioremediation of Heavy Metals. BIOTECH 2023; 12:biotech12020029. [PMID: 37092473 PMCID: PMC10123701 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
With growing urbanization and ongoing development activities, the consumption of heavy metals has been increasing globally. Although heavy metals are vital for the survival of living beings, they can become hazardous when they surpass the permissible limit. The effect of heavy metals varies from normal to acute depending on the individual, so it is necessary to treat the heavy metals before releasing them into the environment. Various conventional treatment technologies have been used based on physical, chemical, and biological methods. However, due to technical and economic constraints and poor sustainability towards the environment, the use of these technologies has been limited. Microalgal-based heavy metal removal has been explored for the past few decades and has been seen as an effective, environment-friendly, and inexpensive method compared to conventional treatment technology. Cyanidiales that belong to red algae have the potential for remediation of heavy metals as they can withstand and tolerate extreme stresses of heat, acid salts, and heavy metals. Cyanidiales are the only photosynthetic organisms that can survive and thrive in acidic mine drainage, where heavy metal contamination is often prevalent. This review focuses on the algal species belonging to three genera of Cyanidiales: Cyanidioschyzon, Cyanidium, and Galdieria. Papers published after 2015 were considered in order to examine these species' efficiency in heavy metal removal. The result is summarized as maximum removal efficiency at the optimum experimental conditions and based on the parameters affecting the metal ion removal efficiency. This study finds that pH, initial metal concentration, initial algal biomass concentration, algal strains, and growth temperature are the major parameters that affect the heavy metal removal efficiency of Cyanidiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Lal Kharel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
| | - Ina Shrestha
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
| | - Melissa Tan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
| | - Mohammad Nikookar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
| | - Negar Saraei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
| | - Thinesh Selvaratnam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
- Center for Advances in Water & Air Quality, College of Engineering, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77705, USA
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23
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Pan X, Yue Z, She Z, He X, Wang S, Chuai X, Wang J. Eukaryotic Community Structure and Interspecific Interactions in a Stratified Acidic Pit Lake Water in Anhui Province. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040979. [PMID: 37110402 PMCID: PMC10142529 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The stratified acidic pit lake formed by the confluence of acid mine drainage has a unique ecological niche and is a model system for extreme microbial studies. Eukaryotes are a component of the AMD community, with the main members including microalgae, fungi, and a small number of protozoa. In this study, we analyzed the structural traits and interactions of eukaryotes (primarily fungi and microalgae) in acidic pit lakes subjected to environmental gradients. Based on the findings, microalgae and fungi were found to dominate different water layers. Specifically, Chlorophyta showed dominance in the well-lit aerobic surface layer, whereas Basidiomycota was more abundant in the dark anoxic lower layer. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that reciprocal relationships between fungi and microalgae were prevalent in extremely acidic environments. Highly connected taxa within this network were Chlamydomonadaceae, Sporidiobolaceae, Filobasidiaceae, and unclassified Eukaryotes. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and random forest models revealed that Chlorophyta and Basidiomycota responded strongly to environmental gradients. Further analysis indicated that eukaryotic community structure was mainly determined by nutrient and metal concentrations. This study investigates the potential symbiosis between fungi and microalgae in the acidic pit lake, providing valuable insights for future eukaryotic biodiversity studies on AMD remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pan
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhengbo Yue
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhixiang She
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiao He
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Nanshan Mining Company Ltd., Anhui Maanshan Iron and Steel Mining Resources Group, Maanshan 243000, China
| | - Shaoping Wang
- Nanshan Mining Company Ltd., Anhui Maanshan Iron and Steel Mining Resources Group, Maanshan 243000, China
| | - Xin Chuai
- Nanshan Mining Company Ltd., Anhui Maanshan Iron and Steel Mining Resources Group, Maanshan 243000, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, Hefei 230009, China
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24
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Salvatore MM, Carraturo F, Salbitani G, Rosati L, De Risi A, Andolfi A, Salvatore F, Guida M, Carfagna S. Biological and metabolic effects of the association between the microalga Galdieria sulphuraria and the fungus Penicillium citrinum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1789. [PMID: 36720953 PMCID: PMC9889788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Contamination of microalgae cultures can reduce their productivity and affect the quality of biomass and valuable bioproducts. In this article, after having isolated and identified for the first time the filamentous fungus Penicillium citrinum from heterotrophic cultures of the red polyextremophilic microalga Galdieria sulphuraria, we investigated the biological and metabolic significance of this alga-fungus association. In the same medium, both organisms grow better in each other's presence than separately. Both cell density and cell size of G. sulphuraria increase in co-cultures compared to pure alga cultures. In co-cultures, despite very severe growth conditions, the load of P. citrinum increases compared to pure fungus cultures. Optical microscope images have shown physical contact between cells of P. citrinum hyphae and G. sulphuraria which, however, retain their morphology and cell wall intact. GC-MS-based metabolomics analysis of metabolites excreted in the culture medium shows that pure cultures of the fungus and alga and co-cultures of alga plus fungus can be easily differentiated based on their metabolic products. Indeed, a richer assortment of extracellular metabolites (comprising both products of primary and secondary metabolism) is a distinct feature of co-cultures compared to both pure alga and pure fungus cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Michela Salvatore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Federica Carraturo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. .,Hygiene Laboratory, Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), University of Naples Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, 80146, Napoli, NA, Italy.
| | | | - Luigi Rosati
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna De Risi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Andolfi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,BAT Center - Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Hygiene Laboratory, Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), University of Naples Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, 80146, Napoli, NA, Italy
| | - Simona Carfagna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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25
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Gao B, Hong J, Chen J, Zhang H, Hu R, Zhang C. The growth, lipid accumulation and adaptation mechanism in response to variation of temperature and nitrogen supply in psychrotrophic filamentous microalga Xanthonema hormidioides (Xanthophyceae). BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:12. [PMID: 36658609 PMCID: PMC9854199 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02249-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae are promising feedstocks for production of renewable biofuels and value-added bioproducts. Temperature and nitrogen supply are important environmental and nutritional factors affecting the growth and metabolism of microalgae, respectively. In this study, the growth and lipid accumulation of filamentous microalgae Xanthonema hormidioides under different temperatures (5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 27 and 30 °C) and initial nitrogen concentrations (3, 9, 18 mM) were investigated, and its adaptive mechanisms of tolerance to low temperature and nitrogen stress were analysis by proteomics. RESULTS The optimum temperature range for the growth of X. hormidioides was between 15 and 20 °C, and the algal cells had slow growth rate at 5 °C and could not survive at 30 °C. The maximum biomass concentration was 11.73 g L-1 under the temperature of 20 °C, and the highest total lipid content was 56.63% of dry weight. Low temperature did not change the fatty acids profiles but promoted the accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids of X. hormidioides. The maximum contents of palmitoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and total fatty acid were 23.64%, 2.49% and 41.14% of dry weight, respectively. Proteomics was performed under three temperature (7, 15, 25 °C), two nitrogen concentrations (3 and 18 mM) and two cultivation times (day 3 and 12). A total of 6503 proteins were identified. In the low temperature, photosynthesis-related proteins were down-regulated to protect the photosynthetic apparatus. The up-regulation of key enzymes DGAT and PDAT demonstrated the accumulation of TAGs under low nitrogen treatment. The proteins related to ribosome, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, antioxidant system and cold shock proteins (CSPs) in X. hormidioides were co-upregulated under the treatment of low temperature, which can alleviate the damages induced by temperature stress and maintain the normal growth and metabolism of algal cells. CONCLUSIONS X. hormidioides is a psychrotolerant microalga. It is an oleaginous filamentous microalga containing hyper palmitoleic acid and a certain amount of eicosapentaenoic acid with great potential for biofuel development, as well as for applications in nutritional health products and other industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyan Gao
- Department of Ecology, Research Center for Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Hong
- Department of Ecology, Research Center for Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Department of Ecology, Research Center for Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Ecology, Research Center for Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Hu
- Department of Ecology, Research Center for Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Department of Ecology, Research Center for Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Goemann CL, Wilkinson R, Henriques W, Bui H, Goemann HM, Carlson RP, Viamajala S, Gerlach R, Wiedenheft B. Genome sequence, phylogenetic analysis, and structure-based annotation reveal metabolic potential of Chlorella sp. SLA-04. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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27
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Yalçın D, Erkaya İA, Erdem B. Antimicrobial, antibiofilm potential, and anti-quorum sensing activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Cyanobacteria Oscillatoria princeps. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89738-89752. [PMID: 35859236 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are among the beneficial and environmentally friendly natural candidates used in the biosynthesis of nanoparticles, with their ability to accumulate heavy metals from their environment, thanks to their biologically active compounds. In the current study, an aqueous extract of Oscillatoria princeps fresh biomass was used for the green synthesis of AgNPs. UV-vis spectrum, Fourier transforms infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used to validate and characterize biosynthesized of OSC-AgNPs. The biosynthesis of AgNPs was visually verified in terms of the change in the color of the AgNO3 solution from yellowish brown to brown colors from 72 h onwards. An absorption peak of approximately 420 nm was detected in the UV-vis spectrum, corresponding to the plasmon resonance of AgNPs. FT-IR analysis showed the presence of free amino groups in addition to sulfur-containing amino acid derivatives that act as stabilizing agents. SEM images detected the roughly spherical shape of OSC-AgNPs with an average size of 38 nm. The pathogens tested were all susceptible to OSC-AgNPs showing varying antimicrobial effects on pathogenic microorganisms. E. coli and C. albicans displayed the maximum susceptibility, with zones of inhibition of 14.6 and 13.8 mm at 3-mM concentration, respectively, while B. cereus had the lowest zone of inhibition (10.6 mm) at 3-mM OSC-AgN03 concentration. In conclusion, AgNPs synthesized from Oscillatoria princeps inhibit biofilm formation, suggesting that AgNPs may be a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-associated infections caused by bacteria and yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Yalçın
- Department of Advanced Materials and Aviation Technologies, Space Support Systems, Turkish Space Agency, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - İlkay Açıkgöz Erkaya
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Belgin Erdem
- Medical Services and Techniques Programs, Vocational School of Health Services, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
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28
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Tsvetanova F, Yankov D. Bioactive Compounds from Red Microalgae with Therapeutic and Nutritional Value. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2290. [PMID: 36422361 PMCID: PMC9693049 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Red microalgae represent a natural reservoir of beneficial substances with applications in different industrial sectors. They are rich in natural biomolecules known for their antihypertensive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and anticoagulant activities. Many red microalgae are a source of vitamins, minerals, photochemicals, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a wide spectrum of polysaccharides. The content of their valuable compounds and their activities have turned red microalgae into cellular factories of special interest in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Like all microalgae, the red ones are superior to traditional crops for the aims of biotechnology as they are renewable sources widely available in great quantities and are easy to culture. Moreover, some of the most studied red microalgae are generally recognized as safe. This review summarizes the valuable biochemicals from red microalgae and highlights their health and nutritional benefits.
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29
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Maqsood Q, Hussain N, Mumtaz M, Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Novel strategies and advancement in reducing heavy metals from the contaminated environment. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:478. [PMID: 35831495 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The most contemporary ecological issues are the dumping of unprocessed factories' effluent. As a result, there is an increasing demand for creative, practical, environmentally acceptable, and inexpensive methodologies to remediate inorganic metals (Hg, Cr, Pb, and Cd) liquidated into the atmosphere, protecting ecosystems. Latest innovations in biological metals have driven natural treatment as a viable substitute for traditional approaches in this area. To eliminate pesticide remains from soil/water sites, technologies such as oxidation, burning, adsorption, and microbial degradation have been established. Bioremediation is a more cost-effective and ecologically responsible means of removing heavy metals than conventional alternatives. As a result, microorganisms have emerged as a necessary component of methyl breakdown and detoxification via metabolic reactions and hereditary characteristics. The utmost operative variant for confiscating substantial metals commencing contaminated soil was A. niger, which had a maximum bioaccumulation efficiency of 98% (Cd) and 43% (Cr). Biosensor bacteria are both environmentally sustainable and cost-effective. As a result, microbes have a range of metal absorption processes that allow them to have higher metal biosorption capabilities. Additionally, the biosorption potential of bacterium, fungus, biofilm, and algae, inherently handled microorganisms that immobilized microbial cells for the elimination of heavy metals, was reviewed in this study. Furthermore, we discuss some of the challenges and opportunities associated with producing effective heavy metal removal techniques, such as those that employ different types of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quratulain Maqsood
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nazim Hussain
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehvish Mumtaz
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an, 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849, Monterrey, Mexico.
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30
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Yu J, Ran Z, Zhang J, Wei L, Ma W. Genome-Wide Insights Into the Organelle Translocation of Photosynthetic NDH-1 Genes During Evolution. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:956578. [PMID: 35910652 PMCID: PMC9326235 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.956578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Translocation of chloroplast-located genes to mitochondria or nucleus is considered to be a safety strategy that impedes mutation of photosynthetic genes and maintains their household function during evolution. The organelle translocation strategy is also developed in photosynthetic NDH-1 (pNDH-1) genes but its understanding is still far from complete. Here, we found that the mutation rate of the conserved pNDH-1 genes was gradually reduced but their selection pressure was maintained at a high level during evolution from cyanobacteria to angiosperm. By contrast, oxygenic photosynthesis-specific (OPS) pNDH-1 genes had an opposite trend, explaining the reason why they were transferred from the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-enriched chloroplast to the ROS-barren nucleus. Further, genome-wide sequence analysis supported the possibility that all conserved pNDH-1 genes lost in chloroplast genomes of Chlorophyceae and Pinaceae were transferred to the ROS-less mitochondrial genome as deduced from their truncated pNDH-1 gene fragments. Collectively, we propose that the organelle translocation strategy of pNDH-1 genes during evolution is necessary to maintain the function of the pNDH-1 complex as an important antioxidant mechanism for efficient photosynthesis.
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31
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Ben Ali R, Ben Ouada S, Leboulanger C, Jebali A, Sayadi S, Ben Ouada H. Emerging contaminants and nutrients recovery by Picocystis sp. under continuous culture in contaminated secondary municipal wastewater effluent. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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32
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Schoeters F, Spit J, Azizah RN, Van Miert S. Pilot-Scale Cultivation of the Snow Alga Chloromonas typhlos in a Photobioreactor. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:896261. [PMID: 35757813 PMCID: PMC9218667 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.896261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most studied and cultivated microalgae have a temperature optimum between 20 and 35°C. This temperature range hampers sustainable microalgae growth in countries with colder periods. To overcome this problem, psychrotolerant microalgae, such as the snow alga Chloromonas typhlos, can be cultivated during these colder periods. However, most of the research work has been carried out in the laboratory. The step between laboratory-scale and large-scale cultivation is difficult, making pilot-scale tests crucial to gather more information. Here, we presented a successful pilot-scale growth test of C. typhlos. Seven batch mode growth periods were compared during two longer growth tests in a photobioreactor of 350 L. We demonstrated the potential of this alga to be cultivated at colder ambient temperatures. The tests were performed during winter and springtime to compare ambient temperature and sunlight influences. The growth and CO2 usage were continuously monitored to calculate the productivity and CO2 fixation efficiency. A maximum dry weight of 1.082 g L-1 was achieved while a maximum growth rate and maximum daily volumetric and areal productivities of 0.105 d-1, 0.110 g L-1 d-1, and 2.746 g m-2 d-1, respectively, were measured. Future tests to optimize the cultivation of C. typhlos and production of astaxanthin, for example, will be crucial to explore the potential of biomass production of C. typhlos on a commercial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris Schoeters
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - Jornt Spit
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - Rahmasari Nur Azizah
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium.,I-BioStat, Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sabine Van Miert
- Radius, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
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Nayak T, Basak S, Deb A, Dhal PK. A systematic review on groundwater radon distribution with human health consequences and probable mitigation strategy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2022; 247:106852. [PMID: 35305305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2022.106852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater radon contamination is a serious global concern for its eco-toxicological effects. The major health hazard occurs due to toxic indoor air inhalation and consumption of contaminated drinking water supplied from different distribution systems, especially groundwater. There are fragmented reports on the measurement of radon contamination and their health consequences with physical radon removal strategies as well as characterization of inhabitant microbial communities. As it concerned with human health, collective information is much essential on their groundwater distribution, their physicochemical properties and possible mitigation strategies, not done so far. In such prospect, this review summarizes the physicochemical properties of radon, their sources, global as well as Indian groundwater radon contamination scenario, health effects and inhabitant microbes along with their survival strategies. It also summarizes the physical radon removal techniques and especially emphasizes the microbes based bioremediation process as well as a combination of both as a future effective radon remediation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilak Nayak
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sohom Basak
- Department of Biotechnology, Bengal Institute of Technology, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - Argha Deb
- School of Studies in Environmental Radiation and Archaeological Sciences & Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Paltu Kumar Dhal
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Kochhar N, I․K K, Shrivastava S, Ghosh A, Rawat VS, Sodhi KK, Kumar M. Perspectives on the microorganism of extreme environments and their applications. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2022; 3:100134. [PMID: 35909612 PMCID: PMC9325743 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The applications of extremophiles in various fields like biotechnology, biodegradation, bioremediation, biorefinery and astrobiology along with other industries like pharmaceuticals, food, agricultural, cosmetics, and textile. Further research in biodegradation, bioremediation and generation of biofuels using extremophiles is required considering the current climate crisis as it helps in reduction of environmental contamination load. The importance of promoting the use of extremophiles in food and agricultural industries and how extremophiles can be the key to achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of global food security. Keeping in mind the current global scenario with regards to the Covid-19 pandemic, our paper also focuses on the importance of by-products of extremophiles like biosurfactants in the vaccine production process. For advancement of the astrobiology sector, more PFA sites should be located and the extremophiles inhabiting them should be studied.
Extremophiles are organisms that can survive and thrive in conditions termed as “extreme” by human beings. Conventional methods cannot be applied under extreme conditions like temperature and pH fluctuations, high salinity, etc. for a variety of reasons. Extremophiles can function and are adapted to thrive in these environments and are sustainable, cheaper, and efficient, therefore, they serve as better alternatives to the traditional methods. They adapt to these environments with biochemical and physiological changes and produce products like extremolytes, extremozymes, biosurfactants, etc., which are found to be useful in a wide range of industries like sustainable agriculture, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. These products also play a crucial role in bioremediation, production of biofuels, biorefinery, and astrobiology. This review paper comprehensively lists out the current applications of extremophiles and their products in various industries and explores the prospects of the same. They help us understand the underlying basis of biological mechanisms exploring the boundaries of life and thus help us understand the origin and evolution of life on Earth. This helps us in the research for extra-terrestrial life and space exploration. The structure and biochemical properties of extremophiles along with any possible long-term effects of their applications need to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Kochhar
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Kavya I․K
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | | | - Anshika Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | | | - Kushneet Kaur Sodhi
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
- Corresponding author.
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Coelastrella terrestris for Adonixanthin Production: Physiological Characterization and Evaluation of Secondary Carotenoid Productivity. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20030175. [PMID: 35323473 PMCID: PMC8954916 DOI: 10.3390/md20030175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel strain of Coelastrella terrestris (Chlorophyta) was collected from red mucilage in a glacier foreland in Iceland. Its morphology showed characteristic single, ellipsoidal cells with apical wart-like wall thickenings. Physiological characterization revealed the presence of the rare keto-carotenoid adonixanthin, as well as high levels of unsaturated fatty acids of up to 85%. Initial screening experiments with different carbon sources for accelerated mixotrophic biomass growth were done. Consequently, a scale up to 1.25 L stirred photobioreactor cultivations yielded a maximum of 1.96 mg·L−1 adonixanthin in free and esterified forms. It could be shown that supplementing acetate to the medium increased the volumetric productivity after entering the nitrogen limitation phase compared to autotrophic control cultures. This study describes a promising way of biotechnological adonixanthin production using Coelastrella terrestris.
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Redkina VV, Temraleeva AD, Portnaya EA, Shalygina RR. Morphology and Phylogeny of the Microalga Coleochlamys apoda (Microthamniales, Chlorophyta). Microbiology (Reading) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261722010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Veloso-Giménez V, Escamilla R, Necuñir D, Corrales-Orovio R, Riveros S, Marino C, Ehrenfeld C, Guzmán CD, Boric MP, Rebolledo R, Egaña JT. Development of a Novel Perfusable Solution for ex vivo Preservation: Towards Photosynthetic Oxygenation for Organ Transplantation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:796157. [PMID: 34976984 PMCID: PMC8714958 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.796157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is the key molecule for aerobic metabolism, but no animal cells can produce it, creating an extreme dependency on external supply. In contrast, microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms, therefore, they are able to produce oxygen as plant cells do. As hypoxia is one of the main issues in organ transplantation, especially during preservation, the main goal of this work was to develop the first generation of perfusable photosynthetic solutions, exploring its feasibility for ex vivo organ preservation. Here, the microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was incorporated in a standard preservation solution, and key aspects such as alterations in cell size, oxygen production and survival were studied. Osmolarity and rheological features of the photosynthetic solution were comparable to human blood. In terms of functionality, the photosynthetic solution proved to be not harmful and to provide sufficient oxygen to support the metabolic requirement of zebrafish larvae and rat kidney slices. Thereafter, isolated porcine kidneys were perfused, and microalgae reached all renal vasculature, without inducing damage. After perfusion and flushing, no signs of tissue damage were detected, and recovered microalgae survived the process. Altogether, this work proposes the use of photosynthetic microorganisms as vascular oxygen factories to generate and deliver oxygen in isolated organs, representing a novel and promising strategy for organ preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Veloso-Giménez
- Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosalba Escamilla
- Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Necuñir
- Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rocío Corrales-Orovio
- Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, LMU Munich, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Sergio Riveros
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlo Marino
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Ehrenfeld
- Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Mauricio P Boric
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Rebolledo
- Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Surgery Service, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Tomás Egaña
- Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Suarez-Montes D, Borrell YJ, Gonzalez JM, Rico JM. Isolation and identification of microalgal strains with potential as carotenoids producers from a municipal solid waste landfill. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149755. [PMID: 34525767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Derived from their great capacity of adaptation, microalgae have several industrial applications, including pigment production for nutraceutical sector. However, the scarcity of studies on the diversity and life histories from several environments, highlight the need for more research on new species and habitats. Based on this, the present study assessed the microalgal diversity in water bodies of a municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill in Asturias (Spain). A total of 14 strains were successfully isolated and scaled up in liquid monocultures. They were identified through a combination of morphologic features with molecular assignation by DNA barcoding via the 18S and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 genes. The results of the genetic procedures (BLAST assignments and the 18S and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 genealogies) showed that 10 of the 14 assayed isolates were identified at the species level. The available genetic data were not sufficient for species classifications of the remaining isolates. It is possible that some might be new species not previously studied or described. Indeed, a new species, Coelastrella cogersae, was proposed in this study. Moreover, 3 of the 14 isolates (including the newly proposed species) exhibited caretogenic activity under specific conditions during the culture. These results are a great step forward in both the screening of lesser-known environments and the discovery of new sources of bioactive compounds. The study could be of great value to the nutraceutical industries and markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Suarez-Montes
- Neoalgae Micro Seaweed Products, C/ Carmen Leal Mata 191, 33211 Gijón, Spain; Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, C/ Catedrático Valentín Andrés Álvarez s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Yaisel Juan Borrell
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, C/ Catedrático Valentín Andrés Álvarez s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Jose Manuel Rico
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, University of Oviedo, C/ Catedrático Valentín Andrés Álvarez s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Gara-Ali M, Zili F, Hosni K, Ben Ouada H, Ben-Mahrez K. Lipophilic extracts of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. and chlorophyte Graesiella sp. and their potential use as food and anticancer agents. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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41
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DeCastro ME, Escuder-Rodríguez JJ, Becerra M, Rodríguez-Belmonte E, González-Siso MI. Comparative Metagenomic Analysis of Two Hot Springs From Ourense (Northwestern Spain) and Others Worldwide. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:769065. [PMID: 34899652 PMCID: PMC8661477 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.769065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With their circumneutral pH and their moderate temperature (66 and 68°C, respectively), As Burgas and Muiño da Veiga are two important human-use hot springs, previously studied with traditional culture methods, but never explored with a metagenomic approach. In the present study, we have performed metagenomic sequence-based analyses to compare the taxonomic composition and functional potential of these hot springs. Proteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, and Aquificae are the dominant phyla in both geothermal springs, but there is a significant difference in the abundance of these phyla between As Burgas and Muiño da Veiga. Phylum Proteobacteria dominates As Burgas ecosystem while Aquificae is the most abundant phylum in Muiño da Veiga. Taxonomic and functional analyses reveal that the variability in water geochemistry might be shaping the differences in the microbial communities inhabiting these geothermal springs. The content in organic compounds of As Burgas water promotes the presence of heterotrophic populations of the genera Acidovorax and Thermus, whereas the sulfate-rich water of Muiño da Veiga favors the co-dominance of genera Sulfurihydrogenibium and Thermodesulfovibrio. Differences in ammonia concentration exert a selective pressure toward the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Thermodesulfovibrio in Muiño da Veiga. Temperature and pH are two important factors shaping hot springs microbial communities as was determined by comparative analysis with other thermal springs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - María-Isabel González-Siso
- Grupo EXPRELA, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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D'Elia L, Imbimbo P, Liberti D, Bolinesi F, Mangoni O, Pollio A, Olivieri G, Monti DM. Thermo resistant antioxidants from photoautotrophic microorganisms: screening and characterization. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:215. [PMID: 34762205 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The demand for natural antioxidants to be used in food industry is increasing, as synthetic antioxidants are toxic and have high production costs. Specifically, food processing and preservation require antioxidants resistant to thermal sterilization processes. In this study, twenty-five strains among microalgae and cyanobacteria were screened as antioxidants producers. The species Enallax sp., Synechococcus bigranulatus and Galdieria sulphuraria showed the highest content of chlorophyll a and total carotenoids. In vitro stability and antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extracts were performed. The results revealed that pigments present in the extracts, obtained from the previously mentioned species, were stable at room temperature and exhibited in vitro free radical scavenging potential with IC50 values of 0.099 ± 0.001, 0.048 ± 0.001 and 0.13 ± 0.02 mg mL-1, respectively. Biocompatibility assay showed that the extracts were not toxic on immortalized cell lines. The antioxidant activity was also tested on a cell-based model by measuring intracellular ROS levels after sodium arsenite treatment. Noteworthy, extracts were able to exert the same protective effect, before and after the pasteurization process. Results clearly indicate the feasibility of obtaining biologically active and thermostable antioxidants from microalgae. Green solvents can be used to obtain thermo-resistant antioxidants from cyanobacteria and microalgae which can be used in the food industry. Thus, the substitution of synthetic pigments with natural ones is now practicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi D'Elia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Liberti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bolinesi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Mangoni
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Pollio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Olivieri
- Bioprocess Engineering Group, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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Arias DM, Ortíz-Sánchez E, Okoye PU, Rodríguez-Rangel H, Balbuena Ortega A, Longoria A, Domínguez-Espíndola R, Sebastian PJ. A review on cyanobacteria cultivation for carbohydrate-based biofuels: Cultivation aspects, polysaccharides accumulation strategies, and biofuels production scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148636. [PMID: 34323759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial biomass has constituted a crucial third and fourth-generation biofuel material, with great potential to synthesize a wide range of metabolites, mainly carbohydrates. Lately, carbohydrate-based biofuels from cyanobacteria, such as bioethanol, biohydrogen, and biobutanol, have attracted attention as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based products. Cyanobacteria can perform a simple process of saccharification, and extracted carbohydrates can be converted into biofuels with two alternatives; the first one consists of a fermentative process based on bacteria or yeasts, while the second alternative consists of an internal metabolic process of their own in intracellular carbohydrate content, either by the natural or genetic engineered process. This study reviewed carbohydrate-enriched cyanobacterial biomass as feedstock for biofuels. Detailed insights on technical strategies and limitations of cultivation, polysaccharide accumulation strategies for further fermentation process were provided. Advances and challenges in bioethanol, biohydrogen, and biobutanol production by cyanobacteria synthesis and an independent fermentative process are presented. Critical outlook on life-cycle assessment and techno-economical aspects for large-scale application of these technologies were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce María Arias
- Instituto de Energías Renovables-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Priv. Xochicalco s/n, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP, 62580, Mexico
| | - Edwin Ortíz-Sánchez
- Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos, Boulevard Cuauhnáhuac No. 566 Col. Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec, Morelos CP, 62550, Mexico
| | - Patrick U Okoye
- Instituto de Energías Renovables-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Priv. Xochicalco s/n, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP, 62580, Mexico.
| | - Hector Rodríguez-Rangel
- Division de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Culiacán, Juan de Dios Batiz 310 pte. Col Guadalupe, CP, 80220 Culiacàn, Mexico
| | - A Balbuena Ortega
- Instituto de Energías Renovables-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Priv. Xochicalco s/n, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP, 62580, Mexico
| | - Adriana Longoria
- Instituto de Energías Renovables-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Priv. Xochicalco s/n, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP, 62580, Mexico
| | - Ruth Domínguez-Espíndola
- Instituto de Energías Renovables-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Priv. Xochicalco s/n, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP, 62580, Mexico
| | - P J Sebastian
- Instituto de Energías Renovables-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Priv. Xochicalco s/n, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP, 62580, Mexico
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di Cicco MR, Iovinella M, Palmieri M, Lubritto C, Ciniglia C. Extremophilic Microalgae Galdieria Gen. for Urban Wastewater Treatment: Current State, the Case of “POWER” System, and Future Prospects. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112343. [PMID: 34834705 PMCID: PMC8622319 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decades, wastewater research has increasingly focused on the use of microalgae as a tool to remove contaminants, entrapping nutrients, and whose biomass could provide both material and energy resources. This review covers the advances in the emerging research on the use in wastewater sector of thermoacidophilic, low-lipid microalgae of the genus Galdieria, which exhibit high content of protein, reserve carbohydrates, and other potentially extractable high-value compounds. The natural tolerance of Galdieria for high toxic environments and hot climates recently made it a key player in a single-step process for municipal wastewater treatment, biomass cultivation and production of energetic compounds using hydrothermal liquefaction. In this system developed in New Mexico, Galdieria proved to be a highly performing organism, able to restore the composition of the effluent to the standards required by the current legislation for the discharge of treated wastewater. Future research efforts should focus on the implementation, in the context of wastewater treatment, of more energetically efficient cultivation systems, potentially capable of generating water with increasingly higher purity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosa di Cicco
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.R.d.C.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Manuela Iovinella
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, York YO10 5DD, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Palmieri
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.R.d.C.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (C.C.)
| | - Carmine Lubritto
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.R.d.C.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (C.C.)
- INFN—Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, ed. 6, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudia Ciniglia
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (M.R.d.C.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (C.C.)
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Mulkiewicz E, Wolecki D, Świacka K, Kumirska J, Stepnowski P, Caban M. Metabolism of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by non-target wild-living organisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148251. [PMID: 34139498 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the environment is a fact, and aquatic and soil organisms are chronically exposed to trace levels of these emerging pollutants. This review presents the current state of knowledge on the metabolic pathways of NSAIDs in organisms at various levels of biological organisation. More than 150 publications dealing with target or non-target analysis of selected NSAIDs (mainly diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen) were collected. The metabolites of phase I and phase II are presented. The similarity of NSAIDs metabolism to that in mammals was observed in bacteria, microalgae, fungi, higher plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. The differences, such as newly detected metabolites, the extracellular metabolism observed in bacteria and fungi, or phase III metabolism in plants, are highlighted. Metabolites detected in plants (conjugates with sugars and amino acids) but not found in any other organisms are described. Selected, in-depth studies with isolated bacterial strains showed the possibility of transforming NSAIDs into assimilable carbon sources. It has been found that some of the metabolites show higher toxicity than their parent forms. The presence of metabolites of NSAIDs in the environment is the cumulative effect of their introduction with wastewaters, their formation in wastewater treatment plants, and their transformation by non-target wild-living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Mulkiewicz
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Daniel Wolecki
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Klaudia Świacka
- Department of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, al. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kumirska
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magda Caban
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Castiglia D, Landi S, Esposito S. Advanced Applications for Protein and Compounds from Microalgae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1686. [PMID: 34451730 PMCID: PMC8398235 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Algal species still show unrevealed and unexplored potentiality for the identification of new compounds. Photosynthetic organisms represent a valuable resource to exploit and sustain the urgent need of sustainable and green technologies. Particularly, unconventional organisms from extreme environments could hide properties to be employed in a wide range of biotechnology applications, due to their peculiar alleles, proteins, and molecules. In this review we report a detailed dissection about the latest and advanced applications of protein derived from algae. Furthermore, the innovative use of modified algae as bio-reactors to generate proteins or bioactive compounds was discussed. The latest progress about pharmaceutical applications, including the possibility to obtain drugs to counteract virus (as SARS-CoV-2) were also examined. The last paragraph will survey recent cases of the utilization of extremophiles as bio-factories for specific protein and molecule production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Castiglia
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Simone Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Sergio Esposito
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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Moura JB, Delforno TP, do Prado PF, Duarte IC. Extremophilic taxa predominate in a microbial community of photovoltaic panels in a tropical region. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6350555. [PMID: 34387344 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photovoltaic panels can be colonized by a highly diverse microbial diversity, despite life-threatening conditions. Although they are distributed worldwide, the microorganisms living on their surfaces have never been profiled in tropical regions using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and PICRUst metagenome prediction of functional content. In this work, we investigated photovoltaic panels from two cities in southeast Brazil, Sorocaba and Itatiba, using these bioinformatics approach. Results showed that, despite significant differences in microbial diversity (p < 0.001), the taxonomic profile was very similar for both photovoltaic panels, dominated mainly by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and lower amounts of Cyanobacteria phyla. A predominance of Hymenobacter and Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum was observed at the genus level. We identified a microbial common core composed of Hymenobacter, Deinococcus, Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum, Craurococcus-Caldovatus, Massilia, Noviherbaspirillum and 1174-901-12 sharing genera. Predicted metabolisms focused on specific genes associated to radiation and desiccation resistance and pigments, were detected in members of the common core and among the most abundant genera. Our results suggested that taxonomic and functional profiles investigated were consistent with the harsh environment that photovoltaic panels represent. Moreover, the presence of stress genes in the predicted functional content was a preliminary evidence that microbes living there are a possibly source of metabolites with biotechnological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane B Moura
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga 18052-780, Sorocaba-SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago P Delforno
- SENAI Innovation Institute for Biotechnology, Rua Anhaia, 1321, Bom Retiro, São Paulo 01130-000, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Pierre F do Prado
- Earth Physics and Thermodynamics Department, University of Valencia, C/Dr Moliner n 50, 46010 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iolanda C Duarte
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110, Itinga 18052-780, Sorocaba-SP, Brazil
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Ruiz-Domínguez M, Fuentes J, Mendiola J, Cerezal-Mezquita P, Morales J, Vílchez C, Ibáñez E. Bioprospecting of cyanobacterium in Chilean coastal desert, Geitlerinema sp. molecular identification and pressurized liquid extraction of bioactive compounds. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Potential of Microalgae in Bioremediation of Wastewater. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.16.2.10616.413-429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The increase in global pollution, industrialization and fast economic progress are considered to inflict serious consequences to the quality and availability of water throughout the world. Wastewater is generated from three major sources, i.e. industrial, agricultural, and municipal which contain pollutants, such as: xenobiotics, microplastics, heavy metals and augmented by high amount of carbon, phosphorus, and nitrogen compounds. Wastewater treatment is one of the most pressing issues since it cannot be achieved by any specific technology because of the varying nature and concentrations of pollutants and efficiency of the treatment technologies. The degradation capacity of these conventional treatment technologies is limited, especially regarding heavy metals, nutrients, and xenobiotics, steering the researchers to bioremediation using microalgae (Phycoremediation). Bioremediation can be defined as use of microalgae for removal or biotransformation of pollutants and CO2 from wastewater with concomitant biomass production. However, the usage of wastewaters for the bulk cultivation of microalgae is advantageous for reducing carbon, nutrients cost, minimizing the consumption of freshwater, nitrogen, phosphorus recovery, and removal of other pollutants from wastewater and producing sufficient biomass for value addition for either biofuels or other value-added compounds. Several types of microalgae like Chlorella and Dunaliella have proved their applicability in the treatment of wastewaters. The bottlenecks concerning the microalgal wastewater bioremediation need to be identified and elucidated to proceed in bioremediation using microalgae. This objective of this paper is to provide an insight about the treatment of different wastewaters using microalgae and microalgal potential in the treatment of wastewaters containing heavy metals and emerging contaminants, with the specialized cultivation systems. This review also summarizes the end use applications of microalgal biomass which makes the bioremediation aspect more environmentally sustainable. Copyright © 2021 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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Growth under Different Trophic Regimes and Synchronization of the Red Microalga Galdieria sulphuraria. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070939. [PMID: 34202768 PMCID: PMC8301940 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extremophilic unicellular red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria (Cyanidiophyceae) is able to grow autotrophically, or mixo- and heterotrophically with 1% glycerol as a carbon source. The alga divides by multiple fission into more than two cells within one cell cycle. The optimal conditions of light, temperature and pH (500 µmol photons m-2 s-1, 40 °C, and pH 3; respectively) for the strain Galdieria sulphuraria (Galdieri) Merola 002 were determined as a basis for synchronization experiments. For synchronization, the specific light/dark cycle, 16/8 h was identified as the precondition for investigating the cell cycle. The alga was successfully synchronized and the cell cycle was evaluated. G. sulphuraria attained two commitment points with midpoints at 10 and 13 h of the cell cycle, leading to two nuclear divisions, followed subsequently by division into four daughter cells. The daughter cells stayed in the mother cell wall until the beginning of the next light phase, when they were released. Accumulation of glycogen throughout the cell cycle was also described. The findings presented here bring a new contribution to our general understanding of the cell cycle in cyanidialean red algae, and specifically of the biotechnologically important species G. sulphuraria.
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