1
|
Chandrasekaran S, Banu JR, Kumar G. Effect of thermal-calcium peroxide mediated exopolymer release on disperser pre-treatment for efficient anaerobic digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116635. [PMID: 37454801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to improve the hydrolysis potential of paper mill sludge through a two-phase disintegration process. In Particular, attention was focused on removal of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) i.e. deflocculation of sludge in order to improve the efficiency of subsequent disperser disintegration. During deflocculation, carbohydrate, protein and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) were used as assessment parameters. During disintegration, soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and suspended solids (SS) reduction were used as assessment index to evaluate the efficiency of disintegration. A greater EPS removal was attained while deflocculating the sludge at calcium peroxide dosage of 0.05 g/g suspended solids (SS) and at a temperature of 70 °C. When comparing the disintegrated samples, a clear variation was noted in deflocculated and disintegrated sludge (19.2%) than the disintegrated sludge alone (13.5%). This clearly shows the need for deflocculation prior to disintegration. Likewise, a higher biomethane production of 0.214 L/g COD was achieved in deflocculated and disintegrated sludge than the pretreated sludge alone. Deflocculation reduces sludge management cost from 170 USD (Disperser alone (D alone disintegration)) to 51 USD (Thermal calcium peroxide mediated-Disperser (TCaO2-D disintegration), indicating the efficiency of the proposed disintegration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivaraman Chandrasekaran
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Forus 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Ding Z, Shahadat Hossain M, Maurya R, Yang Y, Singh V, Kumar D, Salama ES, Sun X, Sindhu R, Binod P, Zhang Z, Kumar Awasthi M. Recent advances in lignocellulosic and algal biomass pretreatment and its biorefinery approaches for biochemicals and bioenergy conversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128281. [PMID: 36370945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As the global demand for sustainable energy increases, lignocellulosic (such as agricultural residues, forest biomass, municipal waste, and dedicated energy crops) and algal (including macroalgae and microalgae) biomass have attracted considerable attention, because of their high availability of carbohydrates. This is a potential feedstock to produce biochemical and bioenergy. Pretreatment of biomass can disrupt their complex structure, increasing conversion efficiency and product yield. Therefore, this review comprehensively discusses recent advances in different pretreatments (physical, chemical, physicochemical, and biological pretreatments) for lignocellulosic and algal biomass and their biorefining methods. Life cycle assessment (LCA) which enables the quantification of the environmental impact assessment of a biorefinery also be introduced. Biorefinery processes such as raw material acquisition, extraction, production, waste accumulation, and waste conversion are all monitored under this concept. Nevertheless, there still exist some techno-economic barriers during biorefinery and extensive research is still needed to develop cost-effective processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, the United States of America
| | - Zheli Ding
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou, Hainan Province 571101, China
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, the United States of America
| | - Rupesh Maurya
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Yulu Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, the United States of America
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xinwei Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam 691505, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Awasthi MK, Singh E, Binod P, Sindhu R, Sarsaiya S, Kumar A, Chen H, Duan Y, Pandey A, Kumar S, Taherzadeh MJ, Li J, Zhang Z. Biotechnological strategies for bio-transforming biosolid into resources toward circular bio-economy: A review. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2022; 156:111987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
|
4
|
El Sheikha AF, Ray RC. Bioprocessing of Horticultural Wastes by Solid-State Fermentation into Value-Added/Innovative Bioproducts: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2004161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aly Farag El Sheikha
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada
- Bioengineering and Technological Research Centre for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ramesh C. Ray
- ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (Regional Centre), Bhubaneswar, India
- Centre for Food Biology & Environment Studies, Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Valles A, Álvarez-Hornos J, Capilla M, San-Valero P, Gabaldón C. Fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation including in-situ recovery for enhanced butanol production from rice straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:126020. [PMID: 34600316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a study of fed-batch SSFR (simultaneous saccharification, fermentation and recovery) for butanol production from alkaline-pretreated rice straw (RS) in a 2-L stirred tank reactor. The initial solid (9.2% w/v) and enzyme (19.9 FPU g-dw-1) loadings were previously optimized by 50-mL batch SSF assays. Maximum butanol concentration of 24.80 g L-1 was obtained after three biomass feedings that doubled the RS load (18.4% w/v). Butanol productivity (0.344 g L-1h-1) also increased two-fold in comparison with batch SSF without recovery (0.170 g L-1h-1). Although fed-batch SSFR was able to operate with a single initial enzyme dosage, an extra dosage of nutrients was required with the biomass additions to achieve this high productivity. The study showed that SSFR can efficiently improve butanol production from a lignocellulosic biomass accompanied by the efficient use of the enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejo Valles
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Javier Álvarez-Hornos
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Miguel Capilla
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Pau San-Valero
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Carmen Gabaldón
- Research Group GI(2)AM, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat de València, Av. De la Universitat S/N, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Shi S, Wang Y, Jiang Z. Integrated production of optically pure l-lactic acid from paper mill sludge by simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF). WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 129:35-46. [PMID: 34023801 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Paper mill sludge (PMS) raises critical environmental issues due to its disposal problem, but its high sugar content and well-dispersed structure make it a great feedstock for biochemical production. The technical feasibility of integrating cellulase enzyme production into lactic acid (LA) fermentation from PMS was investigated in this study. The low ash content of PMS suggests a great potential for cellulase production. The enzyme produced using PMS without any treatment gave an activity of 7.8 FPU/ml, a performance comparable to the commercial enzyme, Cellic CTec 2. The LA yield from PMS with in-house enzyme was 64.7% and 73.7% at the enzyme loading of 10 and 15 FPU/g-glucan, respectively. The LA obtained was optically pure L- isomer with over 99% purity. The optimal condition of LA production by Bacillus coagulans was found to be 50 °C and pH 5.3 (with 50 g/L CaCO3). The nutrient effect of yeast extract (YE) and corn steep liquor (CSL) was substrate dependent, and CSL could substitute YE as an inexpensive nutrient when using PMS as a substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Alabama Center for Paper and Bioresource Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Suan Shi
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States
| | - Zhihua Jiang
- Alabama Center for Paper and Bioresource Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bacterial valorization of pulp and paper industry process streams and waste. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1345-1363. [PMID: 33481067 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry is a major source of lignocellulose-containing streams. The components of lignocellulose material are lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose that may be hydrolyzed into their smaller components and used as feedstocks for valorization efforts. Much of this material is contained in underutilized streams and waste products, such as black liquor, pulp and paper sludge, and wastewater. Bacterial fermentation strategies have suitable potential to upgrade lignocellulosic biomass contained in these streams to value-added chemicals. Bacterial conversion allows for a sustainable and economically feasible approach to valorizing these streams, which can bolster and expand applications of the pulp and paper industry. This review discusses the composition of pulp and paper streams, bacterial isolates from process streams that can be used for lignocellulose biotransformations, and technological approaches for improving valorization efforts. KEY POINTS: • Reviews the conversion of pulp and paper industry waste by bacterial isolates. • Metabolic pathways for the breakdown of lignocellulose components. • Methods for isolating bacteria, determining value-added products, and increasing product yields.
Collapse
|
8
|
High temperature simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of corn stover for efficient butanol production by a thermotolerant Clostridium acetobutylicum. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
9
|
Du H, Parit M, Wu M, Che X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Wang R, Zhang X, Jiang Z, Li B. Sustainable valorization of paper mill sludge into cellulose nanofibrils and cellulose nanopaper. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 400:123106. [PMID: 32580093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As a kind of agro-industrial wastes, paper mill sludge (PMS) has posed serious environmental and economic challenges for disposal due to the more stringent regulations and diminishing land availability in recent years. The present study is aimed at providing a sustainable approach to efficiently convert PMS to cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and cellulose nanopaper (CNP) by formic acid (FA) hydrolysis pretreatment and the followed microfluidization. It is found that FA hydrolysis (4-6 h) could swell and shorten PMS fibers, and only two-pass microfluidization is sufficient to get uniform CNFs from the collected cellulose residual. Results indicate that the obtained CNFs show high thermal stability and crystallinity index, surface functionality (ester groups), as well as a high yield of over 75 wt.%. Notably, more than 90 % FA can be recovered and the hydrolyzed sugars could be potentially used to produce platform chemicals (e.g. lactic acid, furfural). Finally, transparent CNP is prepared from the CNFs suspension via a simple vacuum filtration technique. The resultant CNP shows good mechanical properties with the maximum tensile strength and toughness of 106.4 MPa and 6.62 MJ/m3, respectively. Therefore, the current work provides a green and sustainable method to valorize PMS for the production of valuable CNFs and CNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haishun Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Mahesh Parit
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Meiyan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China
| | - Xinpeng Che
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ruigang Wang
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, The University of Alabama, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
| | - Zhihua Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
| | - Bin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Farmanbordar S, Amiri H, Karimi K. Synergy of municipal solid waste co-processing with lignocellulosic waste for improved biobutanol production. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 118:45-54. [PMID: 32889233 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Co-processing of lignocellulosic wastes, e.g., garden and paper wastes, and the organic matters fraction of municipal solid waste (OMSW) in an integrated bioprocess is a possible approach to realize the potential of wastes for biobutanol production. Dilute acid pretreatment is a multi-functional stage for breaking the recalcitrant lignocellulose's structure, hydrolyzing hemicellulose, and hydrolyzing/solubilizing starch, leading to a pretreated solid and a rich hydrolysate. In this study, dilute-acid pretreatment of the combination of wastepaper and OMSW, composite I, as well as garden waste and OMSW, composite II, at severe conditions resulted in "pretreatment hydrolysates" containing 33.7 and 19.4 g/L sugar along with 18.9 and 33.2 g/L soluble starch, respectively. In addition, the hydrolysis of solid remained after the pretreatment of composite I and II resulted in "enzymatic hydrolysates" comprising 19.4 and 33 g/L sugar, respectively. The fermentation of the pretreatment hydrolysates and enzymatic hydrolysates resulted in 3.5 and 6.4 g/L ABE from composite I and 15 and 5.2 g/L ABE from composite II, respectively. In this process, 148 and 173 g ABE (60 and 100 g gasoline equivalent/kg) was obtained from each kg composite I and composite II, respectively, where co-processing of OMSW with lignocellulosic wastes resulted in 10 and 49% higher ABE than that produced from the individual substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Farmanbordar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran; Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Industrial Biotechnology Group, Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gaur VK, Sharma P, Sirohi R, Awasthi MK, Dussap CG, Pandey A. Assessing the impact of industrial waste on environment and mitigation strategies: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:123019. [PMID: 32768833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand of rising population leads to the escalation of industrial sectors such as agro-, food-, paper and pulp industries. These industries generated hazardous waste which is primarily organic in nature thus is being dumped or processed in the environment. These waste leads to increasing contamination leading to increased mortality, physical and morphological changes in the organisms/animals in contact. Although the generated waste is hazardous yet it predominantly contains macromolecules and bioactive compounds thus can be efficiently utilized for the extraction and production of value added products. This article reviews the effect of these waste streams on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Since these wastes abundantly contain proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and lignocelluloses thus recycling, reuse and valorization offers an effective strategy for their reduction while comforting the environment. The policies laid down by national and international agencies that directs these industries for reducing the generation of waste and increasing the recyclability and reuse of the generated waste is discussed and the gaps and bottlenecks for these is identified. This study essentially provides the state-of-art information on above aspects by identifying the gaps for future research directions and may contribute in policy development for mitigation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gaur
- Environmental Biotechnology Division, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Postharvest Process and Food Engineering, GB Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, PR China
| | - Claude-Gilles Dussap
- Polytech Clermont Ferrand, Institut Pascal, Univeriste Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India; Frontier Research Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vees CA, Neuendorf CS, Pflügl S. Towards continuous industrial bioprocessing with solventogenic and acetogenic clostridia: challenges, progress and perspectives. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 47:753-787. [PMID: 32894379 PMCID: PMC7658081 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-020-02296-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The sustainable production of solvents from above ground carbon is highly desired. Several clostridia naturally produce solvents and use a variety of renewable and waste-derived substrates such as lignocellulosic biomass and gas mixtures containing H2/CO2 or CO. To enable economically viable production of solvents and biofuels such as ethanol and butanol, the high productivity of continuous bioprocesses is needed. While the first industrial-scale gas fermentation facility operates continuously, the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation is traditionally operated in batch mode. This review highlights the benefits of continuous bioprocessing for solvent production and underlines the progress made towards its establishment. Based on metabolic capabilities of solvent producing clostridia, we discuss recent advances in systems-level understanding and genome engineering. On the process side, we focus on innovative fermentation methods and integrated product recovery to overcome the limitations of the classical one-stage chemostat and give an overview of the current industrial bioproduction of solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Anne Vees
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Simon Neuendorf
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Pflügl
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße 1a, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Naicker JE, Govinden R, Lekha P, Sithole B. Transformation of pulp and paper mill sludge (PPMS) into a glucose-rich hydrolysate using green chemistry: Assessing pretreatment methods for enhanced hydrolysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110914. [PMID: 32721348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pulp and paper mill sludge is a waste stream derived from the pulp and paper making industry, comprised of organic and inorganic material in the form of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and ash. In South Africa, approximately fivefour hundred thousand wet tonnes are produced per annum and is currently disposed via landfilling or incineration. However, these disposal methods raise environmental and financial concerns. This waste stream is an attractive feedstock for fermentable sugars, mainly glucose, recovery and can be redirected for valorisation as a feedstock for microbial fermentation to produce value-added products. Sugar recovery by enzymatic hydrolysis, as opposed to acidic hydrolysis, is a promising approach but is hampered by the lignin and inorganic material found in pulp and paper mill sludge. Several treatment steps to reduce or remove these components prior to enzymatic hydrolysis are assessed in this review. Pretreatment improves hydrolysis of cellulosic fibres and ensures a substantial yield of sugars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Emmanuel Naicker
- University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University Road, Westville, Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Roshini Govinden
- University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University Road, Westville, Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Prabashni Lekha
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, PO Box 59081, Umbilo, 4075, South Africa
| | - Bruce Sithole
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, PO Box 59081, Umbilo, 4075, South Africa; University of KwaZulu-Natal (Howard Campus), Discipline of Chemical Engineering, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Paper Mill Sludge as a Source of Sugars for Use in the Production of Bioethanol and Isoprene. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13184662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Paper mill sludge (PMS) solids are predominantly comprised of cellulosic fibers and fillers rejected during the pulping or paper making process. Most sludges are dewatered and discharged into landfills or land spread at a cost to the mill; creating large economic and environmental burdens. This lignocellulosic residual stream can be used as a source of sugars for microbial fermentation to renewable chemicals. The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of converting mill sludge to sugars and then fermentation to either isoprene or ethanol. Chemical analysis indicated that the cellulosic fiber composition between 28 to 68% and hemicellulose content ranged from 8.4 to 10.7%. Calcium carbonate concentration in the sludge ranged from 0.4 to 34%. Sludge samples were enzyme hydrolyzed to convert cellulose fibers to glucose, percent conversion ranged from 10.5 to 98%. Calcium carbonate present with the sludge resulted in low hydrolysis rates; washing of sludge with hydrochloric acid to neutralize the calcium carbonate, increased hydrolysis rates by 50 to 88%. The production of isoprene “very low” (190 to 470 nmol) because the isoprene yields were little. Using an industrial yeast strain for fermentation of the sludge sugars obtained from all sludge samples, the maximum conversion efficiency was achieved with productivity ranging from 0.18 to 1.64 g L−1 h−1. Our data demonstrates that PMS can be converted into sugars that can be fermented to renewable chemicals for industry.
Collapse
|
15
|
Poe NE, Yu D, Jin Q, Ponder MA, Stewart AC, Ogejo JA, Wang H, Huang H. Compositional variability of food wastes and its effects on acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 107:150-158. [PMID: 32283489 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Converting food waste into butanol via acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) fermentation provides the potential to recover energy and value-added chemicals from food waste. However, the high variability of food waste compositions has hindered the consistency and predictability of butanol production, impeding the development of a robust industrial fermentation process. This study characterized the compositional variation of collected food wastes and determined correlations between food waste compositional attributes and butanol yields for a better prediction of food waste fermentation with Clostridium. The total sugar, starch, fiber, crude protein, fat and ash contents (on dry basis) in the food waste samples were in a range of 0.5-53.5%, 0-25.2%, 0.6-26.9%, 5.5-21.5%, 0.1-37.9%, and 1.4-13.7%, respectively. The high variability of food waste composition resulted in a wide range (3.5-11.5 g/L) of butanol concentrations with an average of 8.2 g/L. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that the butanol concentrations were strongly and positively correlated with equivalent glucose and starch contents in food waste, strongly and negatively correlated with fiber content, and weakly correlated with total sugar, protein, fat, and ash contents. The regression models constructed based on equivalent glucose and fiber contents reasonably predicted the butanol concentration, with the R2 of 0.80. Our study investigated the variability of food waste composition and, for the first time, unveiled relationships between food waste compositional attributes and fermentation yields, contributing to a greater understanding of food waste fermentation, which, in turn, assists in developing new strategies for increased consistency and predictability of food waste fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E Poe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Dajun Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Qing Jin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Monica A Ponder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Amanda C Stewart
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Jactone A Ogejo
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Hengjian Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Haibo Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cao X, Chen Z, Liang L, Guo L, Jiang Z, Tang F, Yun Y, Wang Y. Co-valorization of paper mill sludge and corn steep liquor for enhanced n-butanol production with Clostridium tyrobutyricum Δcat1::adhE2. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122347. [PMID: 31704602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hyper-butanol producing Clostridium tyrobutyricum Δcat1::adhE2 was used for butanol production from paper mill sludge (PMS) and corn steep liquor (CSL). Our results demonstrated that CSL can not only serve as a cheap nitrogen source, but also provide lactic acid that can be assimilated by C. tyrobutyricum for enhanced butanol production. Through a separate hydrolysis and fermentation, 16.5 g/L butanol with a yield of 0.26 g/g was obtained from PMS hydrolysates supplemented with 5% CSL. Further, a separate repeated hydrolysis was conducted to improve PMS hydrolysis rate and enhance sugar yield. Fermentation using hydrolysates from such process also generated high-level butanol with high yield. Our results suggested an innovative bioprocess for efficient biobutanol production from low-value waste streams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianshuang Cao
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; SFA Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100714, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Liyan Liang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zhihua Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Feng Tang
- SFA Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100714, China
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Center for Bioenergy and Bioproducts, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Deshwal GK, Panjagari NR, Alam T. An overview of paper and paper based food packaging materials: health safety and environmental concerns. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 56:4391-4403. [PMID: 31686671 PMCID: PMC6801293 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03950-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pulp and paper industry is one of the major sector in every country of the globe contributing not only to Gross Domestic Product but surprisingly to environmental pollution and health hazards also. Paper and paperboard based material is the one of the earliest and largest used packaging form for food products like milk and milk based products, beverages, dry powders, confectionary, bakery products etc. owing to its eco-friendly hallmark. Various toxic chemicals like printing inks, phthalates, surfactants, bleaching agents, hydrocarbons etc. are incorporated in the paper during its development process which leaches into the food chain during paper production, food consumption and recycling through water discharges. Recycling is considered the best option for replenishing the loss to environment but paper can be recycled maximum six to seven times and paper industry waste is very diverse in nature and composition. Various paper disposal methods like incineration, landfilling, pyrolysis and composting are available but their process optimization becomes a barrier. This review article aims at discussing in detail the use of paper and paper based packaging materials for food applications and painting a wide picture of various health and environmental issues related to the usage of paper and paper based packaging material in food industry. A brief comparison of the environmental aspects of paper production, recycling and its disposal options (incineration and land filling) had also been discussed.
Collapse
|
18
|
Improved Biobutanol Production in 2-L Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation with Delayed Yeast Extract Feeding and in-situ Recovery. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7443. [PMID: 31092836 PMCID: PMC6520356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43718-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with delayed yeast extract feeding (DYEF) was conducted in a 2-L bioreactor equipped with in-situ recovery using a gas stripping in order to enhance biobutanol production from lignocellulosic biomass of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). This study showed that 2.88 g/L of biobutanol has been produced from SSF with a similar yield of 0.23 g/g as compared to separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). An increase of 42% of biobutanol concentration was observed when DYEF was introduced in the SSF at 39 h of fermentation operation. Biobutanol production was further enhanced up to 11% with a total improvement of 72% when in-situ recovery using a gas stripping was implemented to reduce the solvents inhibition in the bioreactor. In overall, DYEF and in-situ recovery were able to enhance biobutanol production in SSF.
Collapse
|
19
|
Second Generation Bioethanol Production: On the Use of Pulp and Paper Industry Wastes as Feedstock. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation5010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to the health and environment impacts of fossil fuels utilization, biofuels have been investigated as a potential alternative renewable source of energy. Bioethanol is currently the most produced biofuel, mainly of first generation, resulting in food-fuel competition. Second generation bioethanol is produced from lignocellulosic biomass, but a costly and difficult pretreatment is required. The pulp and paper industry has the biggest income of biomass for non-food-chain production, and, simultaneously generates a high amount of residues. According to the circular economy model, these residues, rich in monosaccharides, or even in polysaccharides besides lignin, can be utilized as a proper feedstock for second generation bioethanol production. Biorefineries can be integrated in the existing pulp and paper industrial plants by exploiting the high level of technology and also the infrastructures and logistics that are required to fractionate and handle woody biomass. This would contribute to the diversification of products and the increase of profitability of pulp and paper industry with additional environmental benefits. This work reviews the literature supporting the feasibility of producing ethanol from Kraft pulp, spent sulfite liquor, and pulp and paper sludge, presenting and discussing the practical attempt of biorefineries implementation in pulp and paper mills for bioethanol production.
Collapse
|
20
|
Amiri H, Karimi K. Pretreatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic wastes for butanol production: Challenges and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:702-721. [PMID: 30195696 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Butanol is acknowledged as a drop-in biofuel that can be used in the existing transportation infrastructure, addressing the needs for sustainable liquid fuel. However, before becoming a thoughtful alternative for fossil fuel, butanol should be produced efficiently from a widely-available, renewable, and cost-effective source. In this regard, lignocellulosic materials, the main component of organic wastes from agriculture, forestry, municipalities, and even industries seems to be the most promising source. The butanol-producing bacteria, i.e., Clostridia sp., can uptake a wide range of hexoses, pentoses, and oligomers obtained from hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose content of lignocelluloses. The present work is dedicated to reviewing different processes containing pretreatment and hydrolysis of hemicellulose and cellulose developed for preparing fermentable hydrolysates for biobutanol production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran; Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Industrial Biotechnology Group, Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu J, Qi H, Huang X, Wei D, Zhao Y, Wei Z, Lu Q, Zhang R, Tong T. How does manganese dioxide affect humus formation during bio-composting of chicken manure and corn straw? BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:169-178. [PMID: 30172180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal the roles of MnO2 in Maillard reaction of biotic composting, and to identify its effectiveness in promoting humus formation. Corn straw (CS) and chicken manure (CM) have been chosen to be composted. During CS composting, addition of MnO2 rapidly reduced reducing sugars concentration (decreased by 84.0%) in 5 days and significantly improved humus production by 38.7% compared with treatment without MnO2. Whereas in CM composting, the promoting effect of MnO2 on humus formation was relatively weak by comparing with the treatment group of CS. Additionally, the presence of MnO2 has reshaped bacteria community, which might be the reason of MnO2 stimulated bacteria to utilize organic matter during CM composting. Therefore, the structural equation modeling has confirmed that MnO2 mainly performed as chemical catalyst to promote humus formation during CS composting. Besides catalyst, MnO2 also played as a bioactive activator in CM composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junqiu Wu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Haishi Qi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinning Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dan Wei
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qian Lu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruju Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianjiao Tong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ravindran R, Hassan SS, Williams GA, Jaiswal AK. A Review on Bioconversion of Agro-Industrial Wastes to Industrially Important Enzymes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5:E93. [PMID: 30373279 PMCID: PMC6316327 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering5040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Agro-industrial waste is highly nutritious in nature and facilitates microbial growth. Most agricultural wastes are lignocellulosic in nature; a large fraction of it is composed of carbohydrates. Agricultural residues can thus be used for the production of various value-added products, such as industrially important enzymes. Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, corn cob and rice bran, have been widely investigated via different fermentation strategies for the production of enzymes. Solid-state fermentation holds much potential compared with submerged fermentation methods for the utilization of agro-based wastes for enzyme production. This is because the physical⁻chemical nature of many lignocellulosic substrates naturally lends itself to solid phase culture, and thereby represents a means to reap the acknowledged potential of this fermentation method. Recent studies have shown that pretreatment technologies can greatly enhance enzyme yields by several fold. This article gives an overview of how agricultural waste can be productively harnessed as a raw material for fermentation. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of studies conducted in the production of different commercially important enzymes using lignocellulosic food waste has been provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Ravindran
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, D01 HV58 Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Shady S Hassan
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, D01 HV58 Dublin, Ireland.
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Gwilym A Williams
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin Street, D08 NF82 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Amit K Jaiswal
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Cathal Brugha Street, D01 HV58 Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sun X, Atiyeh HK, Kumar A, Zhang H, Tanner RS. Biochar enhanced ethanol and butanol production by Clostridium carboxidivorans from syngas. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:128-138. [PMID: 29886351 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has functional groups, pH buffering capacity and cation exchange capacity (CEC) that can be beneficial in syngas fermentation. This study examined the properties of biochar made from switchgrass (SGBC), forage sorghum (FSBC), red cedar (RCBC) and poultry litter (PLBC), and their effects on ethanol and butanol production from syngas using Clostridium carboxidivorans. Experiments were performed in 250 mL bottle reactors with a 50 mL working volume at 37 °C fed syngas containing CO:H2:CO2 (40:30:30 by volume). Results showed that PLBC and SGBC enhanced ethanol production by 90% and 73%, respectively, and butanol production by fourfold compared to standard yeast extract medium without biochar (control). CO and H2 utilization in PLBC and SGBC media increased compared to control. PLBC had the highest pH buffering capacity, CEC and total amount of cations compared with SGBC, FSBC and RCBC, which could have contributed to its highest enhancement of ethanol and butanol production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Hasan K Atiyeh
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Ralph S Tanner
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
This work reports on the use of a bench-scale chemostat (CSTR) in continuous mode and of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) in fed-batch mode to intensively produce acetic and butyric acids using C. butyricum grown on synthetic media. These studies were then used to perform a cost estimation study of the MBR system to assess the potential economic impact of this proposed methodology, regarding the production of carboxylic acids. The MBR system was found to be highly productive, reaching 37.88 g L−1 h−1 of acetic and 14.44 g L−1 h−1 of volumetric cell productivity, favoring acetic acid production over butyric acid at a ratio of 3 moles to 1. The cost of preparation and production of carboxylic acid using this system was found to be 0.0062 £PS/kg with up to 99% carbon recovery.
Collapse
|
25
|
Md Razali NAA, Ibrahim MF, Kamal Bahrin E, Abd-Aziz S. Optimisation of Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) for Biobutanol Production Using Pretreated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081944. [PMID: 30081514 PMCID: PMC6222772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to optimise simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for biobutanol production from a pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Temperature, initial pH, cellulase loading and substrate concentration were screened using one factor at a time (OFAT) and further statistically optimised by central composite design (CCD) using the response surface methodology (RSM) approach. Approximately 2.47 g/L of biobutanol concentration and 0.10 g/g of biobutanol yield were obtained after being screened through OFAT with 29.55% increment (1.42 fold). The optimised conditions for SSF after CCD were: temperature of 35 °C, initial pH of 5.5, cellulase loading of 15 FPU/g-substrate and substrate concentration of 5% (w/v). This optimisation study resulted in 55.95% increment (2.14 fold) of biobutanol concentration equivalent to 3.97 g/L and biobutanol yield of 0.16 g/g. The model and optimisation design obtained from this study are important for further improvement of biobutanol production, especially in consolidated bioprocessing technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Atheera Aiza Md Razali
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Faizal Ibrahim
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ezyana Kamal Bahrin
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Suraini Abd-Aziz
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ibrahim MF, Kim SW, Abd-Aziz S. Advanced bioprocessing strategies for biobutanol production from biomass. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2018; 91:1192-1204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
27
|
Guan W, Shi S, Blersch D. Effects of Tween 80 on fermentative butanol production from alkali-pretreated switchgrass. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
28
|
Co-fermentation of cellobiose and xylose by mixed culture of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae and kinetic modeling. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199104. [PMID: 29940003 PMCID: PMC6016917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient conversion of cellulosic sugars in cellulosic hydrolysates is important for economically viable production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass, but the goal remains a critical challenge. The present study reports a new approach for simultaneous fermentation of cellobiose and xylose by using the co-culture consisting of recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae specialist strains. The co-culture system can provide competitive advantage of modularity compared to the single culture system and can be tuned to deal with fluctuations in feedstock composition to achieve robust and cost-effective biofuel production. This study characterized fermentation kinetics of the recombinant cellobiose-consuming S. cerevisiae strain EJ2, xylose-consuming S. cerevisiae strain SR8, and their co-culture. The motivation for kinetic modeling was to provide guidance and prediction of using the co-culture system for simultaneous fermentation of mixed sugars with adjustable biomass of each specialist strain under different substrate concentrations. The kinetic model for the co-culture system was developed based on the pure culture models and incorporated the effects of product inhibition, initial substrate concentration and inoculum size. The model simulations were validated by results from independent fermentation experiments under different substrate conditions, and good agreement was found between model predictions and experimental data from batch fermentation of cellobiose, xylose and their mixtures. Additionally, with the guidance of model prediction, simultaneous co-fermentation of 60 g/L cellobiose and 20 g/L xylose was achieved with the initial cell densities of 0.45 g dry cell weight /L for EJ2 and 0.9 g dry cell weight /L SR8. The results demonstrated that the kinetic modeling could be used to guide the design and optimization of yeast co-culture conditions for achieving simultaneous fermentation of cellobiose and xylose with improved ethanol productivity, which is critically important for robust and efficient renewable biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass.
Collapse
|
29
|
Biswas S, Katiyar R, Gurjar BR, Pruthi V. Role of Different Feedstocks on the Butanol Production Through Microbial and Catalytic Routes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2016-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Among the renewable fuels, butanol has become an attractive, economic and sustainable choice because of cost elevation in petroleum fuel, diminishing the oil reserves and an increase of green house effect. Butanol can be derived from renewable sources by using the natural bio-resources and agro-wastes such as orchard wastes, peanut wastes, wheat straw, barley straw and grasses via Acetone Butanol Ethanol (ABE) process. On the other hand, butanol can be directly formed from chemical route involving catalysts also such as from ethanol through aldol condensation. This review presents extensive evaluation for the production of butanol deploying microbial and catalytic routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Biswas
- Centre for Transportation Systems , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand 247667 , India
| | - Richa Katiyar
- Centre for Transportation Systems , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand 247667 , India
| | - B. R. Gurjar
- Centre for Transportation Systems , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand 247667 , India
| | - Vikas Pruthi
- Centre for Transportation Systems , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand 247667 , India
- Department of Biotechnology , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand 247667 , India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Guan W, Xu G, Duan J, Shi S. Acetone–Butanol–Ethanol Production from Fermentation of Hot-Water-Extracted Hemicellulose Hydrolysate of Pulping Woods. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Guan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Guomin Xu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Jingran Duan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Suan Shi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biosystems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ding J, Luo H, Xie F, Wang H, Xu M, Shi Z. Electron receptor addition enhances butanol synthesis in ABE fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:1201-1205. [PMID: 28912077 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The techniques for enhancing butanol production in ABE fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum generally focus on adding electron carrier to strengthen NADH synthesis, repressing hydrogenase by aerating CO, supplementing butyrate, etc. However, those methods suffer from the problems of total solvent decrease, high purification cost, using expensive supplemental substances, etc. In this study, we added small amount of electron receptors (Na2SO4/CaSO4, 2g/L) into ABE fermentation broth: to alter electron/proton distributions in the intracellular electron transport shuttle system, directing more electron/proton pairs into NADH synthesis route; to stimulate intracellular accumulation of those amino acids favorable for cells survival/butanol synthesis. In ABE fermentation in a 7L fermentor, adding 2g/L Na2SO4 could raise butanol concentration to a higher level of 12.96g/L, which was 34.8% higher than that of the control. Addition of tiny amount cheap electron receptor would provide a new way to enhance bio-butanol production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongzhen Luo
- School of Life Science & Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Fang Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Meng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhongping Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Characterization of a thermophilic cellulase from Geobacillus sp. HTA426, an efficient cellulase-producer on alkali pretreated of lignocellulosic biomass. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175004. [PMID: 28406925 PMCID: PMC5390992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A themophilic cellulase-producing bacterium was isolated from a hot spring district and identified as Geobacillus sp. HTA426. The cellulase enzyme produced by the Geobacillus sp. HTA426 was purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation and ion exchange chromatography, with the recovery yield and fold purification of 10.14% and 5.12, respectively. The purified cellulase has a molecular weight of 40 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH for carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity of the purified cellulase were 60°C and pH 7.0, respectively. The enzyme was also stable over a wide temperature range of 50°C to 70°C after 5 h of incubation. Moreover, the strain HTA426 was able to grow and produce cellulase on alkali-treated sugarcane bagasse, rice straw and water hyacinth as carbon sources. Enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse, which was regarded as the most effective carbon source for cellulase production (CMCase activity = 103.67 U/mL), followed by rice straw (74.70 U/mL) and water hyacinth (51.10 U/mL). This strain producing an efficient thermostable cellulose is a potential candidate for developing a more efficient and cost-effective process for converting lignocellulosic biomass into biofuel and other industrial process.
Collapse
|
33
|
Lactic acid production from recycled paper sludge: Process intensification by running fed-batch into a membrane-recycle bioreactor. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
34
|
Kamthan A, Kamthan M, Datta A. Expression of C-5 sterol desaturase from an edible mushroom in fisson yeast enhances its ethanol and thermotolerance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173381. [PMID: 28278249 PMCID: PMC5344387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioethanol is an environment friendly and renewable source of energy produced by the fermentation of agricultural raw material by a variety of microorganisms including yeast. Obtaining yeast strains that are tolerant to stresses like high levels of ethanol and high temperature is highly desirable as it reduces cost and increases yield during bioethanol production. Here, we report that heterologous expression of C-5 Sterol desaturase (FvC5SD)-an ergosterol biosynthesis enzyme from an edible mushroom Flammulina velutipes in fission yeast, not only imparts increased thermotolerance but also tolerance towards high ethanol concentration and low pH. This tolerance could be attributed to an increase of ≈1.5 fold in the level of ergosterol and oleic acid (C-18 unsaturated fatty acid) as analysed by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. FvC5SD is a membrane localized iron binding enzyme that introduces double bond at C-5 position into the Δ7-sterol substrates to yield Δ5, 7- sterols as products. In F. velutipes, FvC5SD transcript was observed to be upregulated by ≈5 fold under low pH condition and by ≈ 9 folds and ≈5 fold at 40°C and 4°C respectively when compared to normal growth temperature of 23°C. Besides, susceptibility to cell wall inhibiting drugs like Congo red and Calcoflour white was also found to increase in FvC5SD expressing S. pombe strain. Alteration in membrane sterol and fatty acid composition could also lead to increase in susceptibility to cell wall inhibiting drugs. Thus, this study has immense industrial application and can be employed to ensure competitiveness of fermentation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Kamthan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohan Kamthan
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Asis Datta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li T, He J. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of hemicellulose to butanol by a non-sporulating Clostridium species. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:430-438. [PMID: 27513648 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Production of lignocellulosic butanol has drawn increasing attention. However, currently few microorganisms can produce biofuels, particularly butanol, from lignocellulosic biomass via simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Here we report discovery of a wild-type, mesophilic Clostridium sp. strain MF28 that ferments xylan to produce butanol (up to 3.2g/L) without the addition of saccharolytic enzymes and without any chemical pretreatments. Application of selective pressure from 2-deoxy-d-glucose facilitated isolation of strain MF28, which exhibits inactivation of genes (gid and ccp genes) responsible for carbon catabolite repression, thus allowing strain MF28 to simultaneously ferment a combination of glucose (30g/L), xylose (15g/L), and arabinose (15g/L) to produce 11.9g/L of butanol. Strain MF28 possesses several unique features: (i) non-sporulating, (ii) no acetone/ethanol, (iii) complete hemicellulose-binding enzymatic domain, and (iv) absence of carbon catabolite repression. These unique characteristics demonstrate the industrial potential of strain MF28 for cost-effective biofuel generation from lignocellulosic biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tinggang Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mendes CVT, Cruz CHG, Reis DFN, Carvalho MGVS, Rocha JMS. Integrated bioconversion of pulp and paper primary sludge to second generation bioethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 26602. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:161-167. [PMID: 27566524 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary sludge, from different pulp and paper mills, was used as feedstock in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes to produce ethanol. SSF was carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 26602 yeast and NS 22192 enzymatic extract using 150gL(-1) of carbohydrates (CH) from primary sludge. The effect of sterilization, reduction of enzyme dosage and fed-batch vs. batch conditions were studied. The removal of sterilization can be considered since no contamination or atypical by-products were observed, although SSF efficiency slightly decreased. The reduction of the enzyme dosage from 35 to 15FPUgCH(-1) was successful. Despite of initial mixing difficulties, batch SSF enabled higher ethanol concentration (41.7gL(-1)), conversion yield (48.9%) and productivity (0.78gL(-1)h(-1)), compared to the fed-batch process at the same conditions of low enzyme dosage of 5FPUgCH(-1) and high solids content of 21.7%, rarely found in literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cátia V T Mendes
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Crispin H G Cruz
- Department of Engineering and Food Technology, São Paulo State University, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000 - São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Diana F N Reis
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M Graça V S Carvalho
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Jorge M S Rocha
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shukor H, Abdeshahian P, Al-Shorgani NKN, Hamid AA, Rahman NA, Kalil MS. Enhanced mannan-derived fermentable sugars of palm kernel cake by mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis for production of biobutanol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:257-264. [PMID: 27372004 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic depolymerization of mannan composition of palm kernel cake (PKC) by mannanase was optimized to enhance the release of mannan-derived monomeric sugars for further application in acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of PKC was studied by evaluating effects of PKC concentration, mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH value, reaction temperature and hydrolysis time on production of fermentable sugars using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA results revealed that all factors studied had highly significant effects on total sugar liberated (P<0.01). The optimum conditions for PKC hydrolysis were 20% (w/v) PKC concentration, 5% (w/w) mannanase loading, hydrolysis pH 4.5, 45°C temperature and 72h hydrolysis time. Enzymatic experiments in optimum conditions revealed total fermentable sugars of 71.54±2.54g/L were produced including 67.47±2.51g/L mannose and 2.94±0.03g/L glucose. ABE fermentation of sugar hydrolysate by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 resulted in 3.27±1.003g/L biobutanol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Shukor
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Peyman Abdeshahian
- Department of Microbiology, Masjed Soleyman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Masjed Soleyman, Iran
| | | | - Aidil Abdul Hamid
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norliza A Rahman
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Sahaid Kalil
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gottumukkala LD, Haigh K, Collard FX, van Rensburg E, Görgens J. Opportunities and prospects of biorefinery-based valorisation of pulp and paper sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 215:37-49. [PMID: 27080100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The paper and pulp industry is one of the major industries that generate large amount of solid waste with high moisture content. Numerous opportunities exist for valorisation of waste paper sludge, although this review focuses on primary sludge with high cellulose content. The most mature options for paper sludge valorisation are fermentation, anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis. In this review, biochemical and thermal processes are considered individually and also as integrated biorefinery. The objective of integrated biorefinery is to reduce or avoid paper sludge disposal by landfilling, water reclamation and value addition. Assessment of selected processes for biorefinery varies from a detailed analysis of a single process to high level optimisation and integration of the processes, which allow the initial assessment and comparison of technologies. This data can be used to provide key stakeholders with a roadmap of technologies that can generate economic benefits, and reduce carbon wastage and pollution load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Devi Gottumukkala
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Kate Haigh
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - François-Xavier Collard
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Eugéne van Rensburg
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Johann Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Friedl A. Downstream process options for the ABE fermentation. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw073. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|