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Samaei SHA, Chen J, Xue J. Current progress of continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162633. [PMID: 36889385 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is promising for water resource recovery. Despite the mature granulation strategies in sequencing batch reactor (SBR), the application of AGS-SBR in wastewater treatment is usually costly as it requires extensive infrastructure conversion (e.g., from continuous-flow reactor to SBR). In contrast, continuous-flow AGS (CAGS) that does not require such infrastructure conversion is a more cost-effective strategy to retrofit existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Formation of aerobic granules in both batch and continuous-flow mode depends on many factors, including selection pressure, feast/famine conditions, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and environmental conditions. Compared with AGS in SBR, creating proper conditions to facilitate granulation in continuous-flow mode is challenging. Researchers have been seeking to tackle this bottleneck by studying the impacts of selection pressure, feast/famine conditions, and operating parameters on granulation and granule stability in CAGS. This review paper summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding CAGS for wastewater treatment. Firstly, we discuss the CAGS granulation process and effective parameters (i.e., selection pressure, feast/famine conditions, hydrodynamic shear force, reactor configuration, the role of EPS, and other operating factors). Then, we evaluate CAGS performance in removing COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, emerging pollutants, and heavy metals from wastewater. Finally, the applicability of the hybrid CAGS systems is presented. At last, we suggest that integrating CAGS with other treatment methods such as membrane bioreactor (MBR) or advanced oxidation processes (AOP) can benefit the performance and stability of granules. However, future research should address unknowns including the relationship between feast/famine ratio and stability of the granules, the effectiveness of applying particle size-based selection pressure, and the CAGS performance at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hesam-Aldin Samaei
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory, Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jianfei Chen
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory, Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jinkai Xue
- Cold-Region Water Resource Recovery Laboratory, Environmental Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
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2
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Su Z, Wang K, Yang F, Zhuang T. Antibiotic pollution of the Yellow River in China and its relationship with dissolved organic matter: Distribution and Source identification. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119867. [PMID: 36934539 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the sources of antibiotics is important for managing antibiotic contamination and preventing environmental risks in the aquatic environment. In this study, the distribution of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and 24 antibiotics from four typical classes (quinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in the Yellow River basin containing distinct sources of pollution was investigated. In particular, relationships between the antibiotic concentrations and fluorescent properties of DOM were to be established to identify antibiotic sources. A total of 22 antibiotics were detected, with maximum concentrations ranging from 0.27 to 30.14 ng/L in the mainstream of the Yellow River. Of these antibiotics, only erythromycin (ERY) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) posed potential risks to aquatic organisms. Spatially, tetracyclines were mainly distributed in the upstream reaches of the river, and quinolones were largely distributed in the midstream. High levels of sulfonamides were present downstream of the investigated river. Only EYR belonging to the macrolide group was detected and had a high downstream concentration. EEM-PARAFAC analysis showed that DOM was composed of visible fulvic acid-like fluorescence fraction (C1), ultraviolet fulvic acid-like fluorescence fraction (C2) and protein-like fraction (C3). Using Pearson correlation analysis, this study demonstrated a close relationship between DOM spectral parameters and antibiotic concentrations in the Yellow River basin. Specifically, r (C3, C2) was significantly and positively correlated with the concentrations of SMX, sulfadoxine (SDX), and ERY, while humification index (HIX) had an opposite relationship with these antibiotics. These results suggested that SMX, SDX and ERY were mainly discharged from wastewater treatment plants into the mainstream of the Yellow River. This work provides a powerful demonstration that DOM plays an important role in indicating the occurrence and sources of antibiotics in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Su
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Fengchun Yang
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
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3
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Nasrollahi N, Vatanpour V, Khataee A. Removal of antibiotics from wastewaters by membrane technology: Limitations, successes, and future improvements. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156010. [PMID: 35595150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and related pharmaceuticals are applied to enhance public health and life quality. A major environmental concern is wastewaters from pharmaceutical industries, which contain significant amounts of antibiotics. Pharmaceutical industries apply conventional processes (biological, filtration, coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation) for wastewater treatment, but these approaches cannot remove antibiotics completely. Moreover, unmetabolized antibiotics released by humans and animals are dangerous for municipal and effluent wastewater. Besides, antibiotic resistance is another challenge in treatment of wastewater for superbugs. This comprehensive study summarizes different techniques for antibiotic removal with an emphasis on membrane technology in individual and hybrid systems such as chemical, physical, biological, and conditional-based strategies. A combination of membrane processes with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), adsorption, and biological treatments can be the right solution for perfect removal. Furthermore, this review briefly compares different procedures for antibiotic removal, which can be helpful for further studies with their advantages and drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Nasrollahi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 5166616471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Vatanpour
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911 Tehran, Iran; Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran; Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey
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4
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Kennes-Veiga DM, Gónzalez-Gil L, Carballa M, Lema JM. Enzymatic cometabolic biotransformation of organic micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126291. [PMID: 34752884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biotransformation of trace-level organic micropollutants (OMPs) by complex microbial communities in wastewater treatment facilities is a key process for their detoxification and environmental impact reduction. Therefore, understanding the metabolic activities and mechanisms that contribute to their biotransformation is essential when developing approaches aiming to minimize their discharge. This review addresses the relevance of cometabolic processes and discusses the main enzymatic activities currently known to take part in OMPs removal under different redox environments in the compartments of wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, the most common methodologies to decipher such enzymes are discussed, including the use of in vitro enzyme assays, enzymatic inhibitors, the analysis of transformation products and the application of several -omic techniques. Finally, perspectives on major challenges and future research requirements to improve OMPs biotransformation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Kennes-Veiga
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Lorena Gónzalez-Gil
- Defence University Centre, Spanish Naval Academy, Plaza de España, 36920 Marín, Spain
| | - Marta Carballa
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan M Lema
- CRETUS, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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5
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Gondi R, Kavitha S, Yukesh Kannah R, Parthiba Karthikeyan O, Kumar G, Kumar Tyagi V, Rajesh Banu J. Algal-based system for removal of emerging pollutants from wastewater: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126245. [PMID: 34743994 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The bioremediation of emerging pollutants in wastewater via algal biotechnology has been emerging as a cost-effective and low-energy input technological solution. However, the algal bioremediation technology is still not fully developed at a commercial level. The development of different technologies and new strategies to cater specific needs have been studied. The existence of multiple emerging pollutants and the selection of microalgal species is a major concern. The rate of algal bioremediation is influenced by various factors, including accidental contaminations and operational conditions in the pilot-scale studies. Algal-bioremediation can be combined with existing treatment technologies for efficient removal of emerging pollutants from wastewater. This review mainly focuses on algal-bioremediation systems for wastewater treatment and pollutant removal, the impact of emerging pollutants in the environment, selection of potential microalgal species, mechanisms involved, and challenges in removing emerging pollutants using algal-bioremediation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Gondi
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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6
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Alfonso-Muniozguren P, Serna-Galvis EA, Bussemaker M, Torres-Palma RA, Lee J. A review on pharmaceuticals removal from waters by single and combined biological, membrane filtration and ultrasound systems. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105656. [PMID: 34274706 PMCID: PMC8319449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) such as pharmaceuticals commonly found in urban and industrial wastewater are a potential threat to human health and have negative environmental impact. Most wastewater treatment plants cannot efficiently remove these compounds and therefore, many pharmaceuticals end up in aquatic ecosystems, inducing problems such as toxicity and antibiotic-resistance. This review reports the extent of pharmaceutical removal by individual processes such as bioreactors, advanced oxidation processes and membrane filtration systems, all of which are not 100% efficient and can lead to the direct discharge of pharmaceuticals into water bodies. Also, the importance of understanding biotransformation of pharmaceutical compounds during biological and ultrasound treatment, and its impact on treatment efficacy will be reviewed. Different combinations of the processes above, either as an integrated configuration or in series, will be discussed in terms of their degradation efficiency and scale-up capabilities. The trace quantities of pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater and scale-up issues of ultrasound highlight the importance of membrane filtration as a concentration and volume reduction treatment step for wastewater, which could subsequently be treated by ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Efraím A Serna-Galvis
- Grupo de Investigación en Remediación Ambiental y Biocatálisis (GIRAB), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington (Uniremington), Calle 51 No. 51-27, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Madeleine Bussemaker
- Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU27XH, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo A Torres-Palma
- Grupo de Investigación en Remediación Ambiental y Biocatálisis (GIRAB), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Judy Lee
- Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU27XH, United Kingdom.
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7
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Tang Z, Liu ZH, Wang H, Dang Z, Liu Y. Occurrence and removal of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in municipal wastewater treatment plants: Current status and challenges. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129551. [PMID: 33453480 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a synthetic estrogen, 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) has been known to show the strong estrogenic potency. This work critically reviewed the occurrence and removal of EE2 in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Based on the on-site investigations from 282 municipal WWTPs across 29 countries, the concentrations of EE2 in influent and effluent ranged from n.d-7890 and n.d-549 ng/L, with respective average concentrations of 78.4 and 12.3 ng/L. The average effluent concentration of EE2 was more than 61 times higher than the reported lowest-observed-effect concentration, indicating an urgent need for removing EE2 in WWTPs. The calculated removal efficiencies of EE2 in different wastewater treatment processes varied from -100%-100%. Averagely, 47.5% of EE2 was removed in the primary treatment process, 55.3% by biological filter treatment, 59.4% by lagoon and 71.5% by activated sludge process. The observed removal of EE2 in municipal WWTP could be mainly attributed to adsorption and biodegradation, which could be predicted according to its solid-water distribution coefficients and biodegradation rate constants. However, it should be noted that the predicted removal of EE2 was found to deviate from the in-plant observation, likely attributing to the existence of EE2 conjugates in raw municipal wastewater. Therefore, the effect of EE2 conjugates on the EE2 removal in WWTPs should be taken into account in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Tang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-Hua Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; Key Lab Pollution Control & Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environment Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Center, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, CleanTech One, 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
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8
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Biodegradation of Emerging Pharmaceuticals from Domestic Wastewater by Membrane Bioreactor: The Effect of Solid Retention Time. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073395. [PMID: 33805955 PMCID: PMC8036512 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although conventional biological treatment plants can remove basic pollutants, they are ineffective at removing recalcitrant pollutants. Membrane bioreactors contain promising technology and have the advantages of better effluent quality and lower sludge production compared to those of conventional biological treatment processes. In this study, the removal of pharmaceutical compounds by membrane bioreactors under different solid retention times (SRTs) was investigated. To study the effect of SRT on the removal of emerging pharmaceuticals, the levels of pharmaceuticals were measured over 96 days for the following retention times: 20, 30, and 40-day SRT. It was found that the 40-day SRT had the optimum performance in terms of the pharmaceuticals’ elimination. The removal efficiencies of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) for each selected SRT were higher than 96% at steady-state conditions. The highest degradation efficiency was observed for paracetamol. Paracetamol was the most removed compound followed by ranitidine, atenolol, bezafibrate, diclofenac, and carbamazepine. The microbial community at the phylum level was also analyzed to understand the biodegradability of pharmaceuticals. It was noticed that the Proteobacteria phylum increased from 46.8% to 60.0% after 96 days with the pharmaceuticals. The Actinobacteria class, which can metabolize paracetamol, carbamazepine, and atenolol, was also increased from 9.1% to 17.9% after adding pharmaceuticals. The by-products of diclofenac, bezafibrate, and carbamazepine were observed in the effluent samples.
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9
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Katibi KK, Yunos KF, Che Man H, Aris AZ, bin Mohd Nor MZ, binti Azis RS. Recent Advances in the Rejection of Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds from Water Using Membrane and Membrane Bioreactor Technologies: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:392. [PMID: 33513670 PMCID: PMC7865700 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Water is a critical resource necessary for life to be sustained, and its availability should be secured, appropriated, and easily obtainable. The continual detection of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) (ng/L or µg/L) in water and wastewater has attracted critical concerns among the regulatory authorities and general public, due to its associated public health, ecological risks, and a threat to global water quality. Presently, there is a lack of stringent discharge standards regulating the emerging multiclass contaminants to obviate its possible undesirable impacts. The conventional treatment processes have reportedly ineffectual in eliminating the persistent EDCs pollutants, necessitating the researchers to develop alternative treatment methods. Occurrences of the EDCs and the attributed effects on humans and the environment are adequately reviewed. It indicated that comprehensive information on the recent advances in the rejection of EDCs via a novel membrane and membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment techniques are still lacking. This paper critically studies and reports on recent advances in the membrane and MBR treatment methods for removing EDCs, fouling challenges, and its mitigation strategies. The removal mechanisms and the operating factors influencing the EDCs remediation were also examined. Membranes and MBR approaches have proven successful and viable to eliminate various EDCs contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kayode Katibi
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Kwara State University, Malete 23431, Nigeria;
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Khairul Faezah Yunos
- Department of Food and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hasfalina Che Man
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Material Processing and Technology Laboratory (MPTL), Institute of Advance Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zuhair bin Mohd Nor
- Department of Food and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Rabaah Syahidah binti Azis
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory (MSCL), Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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Low-Temperature Adapted Nitrifying Microbial Communities of Finnish Wastewater Treatment Systems. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12092450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the microbial community of nitrifying activated sludge adapted to Finnish climate conditions was studied to clarify the microbial populations involved in low-temperature nitrification. Microbial community analysis of five full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) showed several differences compared to WWTPs from other countries with a similar climate. In particular, very low abundance of ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOBs) (altogether ˂ 0.25% of total community) as well as typical NOBs (˂0.35%) and a high abundance of orders Cytophagales and Micrococcales was observed in all Finnish WWTPs. To shed light on the importance of autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrifying processes, laboratory studies of activated sludge were carried out with a presence of and a lack of organic carbon in wastewater at 10 ± 1 °C. Two different sludge retention times (SRTs) were compared to determine the effect of this operational parameter on low-temperature nitrogen removal. The important role of previously reported Candidatus Nitrotogaarctica for nitrite oxidizing in cold climate conditions was confirmed in both full-scale and laboratory scale results. Additionally, potential participation of Dokdonella sp. and Flexibacter sp. in nitrogen removal at low-temperatures is proposed. Operation at SRT of 100 days demonstrated more stable and efficient nitrogen removal after a sharp temperature decrease compared to 14 days SRT.
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Chopra S, Kumar D. Ibuprofen as an emerging organic contaminant in environment, distribution and remediation. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04087. [PMID: 32510000 PMCID: PMC7265064 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are the one of sub-class under emerging organic contaminants (EOCs). Ibuprofen is the world's third most consumable drug. This drug enters into our water system through human pharmaceutical use. It attracts the attention of environmentalist on the basis of risk associated, presence and transformation in the environment. The detection and removal are the two key area where we need to focus. The concentration of such compounds in waterbodies detected through conventional and also by the advanced methods. This review we described the available technologies including chemical, physical and biological methods, etc used the for removal of Ibuprofen. The pure culture based method, mixed culture approach and activated sludge culture approach focused and pathway of degradation of ibuprofen was deciphered by using the various methods of structure determination. The various degradation methods used for Ibuprofen are discussed. The advanced methods coupled with physical, chemical, biological, chemical methods like ozonolysis, oxidation and adsorption, nanotechnology based methods, nanocatalysis and use of nonosensors to detect the presence of small amount in waterbodies can enhance the future degradation of this drug. It is necessary to develop the new detection methods to enhance the detection of such pollutants. With the developments in new detection methods based on GC-MS//MS, HPLC, LC/MS and nanotechnology based sensors makes easier detection of these compounds which can detect even very minute amount with great sensitivity and in less time. Also, the isolation and characterization of more potent microbial strains and nano-photocatalysis will significantly increase the future degradation of such harmful compounds from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Chopra
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039 Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Dharmender Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal 131039 Sonepat, Haryana, India
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12
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Removal of Organic Micro-Pollutants by Conventional Membrane Bioreactors and High-Retention Membrane Bioreactors. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in the environment as a result of continuous discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) into water matrices—even at trace concentrations (ng/L)—is of great concern, both in the public and environmental health domains. This fact essentially warrants developing and implementing energy-efficient, economical, sustainable and easy to handle technologies to meet stringent legislative requirements. Membrane-based processes—both stand-alone or integration of membrane processes—are an attractive option for the removal of OMPs because of their high reliability compared with conventional process, least chemical consumption and smaller footprint. This review summarizes recent research (mainly 2015–present) on the application of conventional aerobic and anaerobic membrane bioreactors used for the removal of organic micropollutants (OMP) from wastewater. Integration and hybridization of membrane processes with other physicochemical processes are becoming promising options for OMP removal. Recent studies on high retention membrane bioreactors (HRMBRs) such as osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBRs) and membrane distillation bioreactors (MDBRs) are discussed. Future prospects of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) and HRMBRs for improving OMP removal from wastewater are also proposed.
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13
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Wang Y, Fan L, Khan SJ, Roddick FA. Fugacity modelling of the fate of micropollutants in aqueous systems - Uncertainty and sensitivity issues. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134249. [PMID: 31522051 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of multimedia fugacity models is useful to facilitate understanding of the behaviour of emerging contaminants during wastewater treatment, as well as after their release to the environment. In this paper, twenty-two fugacity modelling applications (reported over 1995-2019) describing the distribution of organic micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants and surface water bodies were analysed in terms of model application and modelling strategy. Disparities and similarities in strategies including selection of micropollutants, data sources for internal and external model inputs, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, as well as model validation were discussed. This review confirmed that fugacity modelling is very applicable for providing qualitative predictions of the fate and removal of organic micropollutants in the various aqueous systems. However, it was also noted that there are issues related to the uncertainties and sensitivities of fugacity models such as the sources of model inputs and selection of default settings. The issues associated with the uncertainties in the investigated fugacity models are pointed out. Recommendations are given regarding the selection of the sources of model inputs, sensitivity analysis strategies and model validation methods. This review presents the challenges and opportunities for improving multimedia fugacity models, and so paves the way for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Linhua Fan
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Stuart J Khan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Felicity A Roddick
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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14
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Henning N, Falås P, Castronovo S, Jewell KS, Bester K, Ternes TA, Wick A. Biological transformation of fexofenadine and sitagliptin by carrier-attached biomass and suspended sludge from a hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 167:115034. [PMID: 31581038 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the (bio)transformation of the antidiabetic sitagliptin (STG) and the antihistamine fexofenadine (FXF) during wastewater treatment. As inoculum either attached-growth on carriers or suspended sludge from a hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor (HMBBR) was used. Both target compounds were incubated in degradation experiments and quantified via LC-MS/MS for degradation kinetics. Furthermore transformation products (TPs) were analyzed via high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Structural elucidation of the TPs was based on the high resolution molecular ion mass to propose a molecular formula and on MS2 fragmentation to elucidate the chemical structure of the TPs. In total, 22 TPs (9 TPs for STG and 13 TPs for FXF) were detected in the experiments with STG and FXF. For all TPs, chemical structures could be proposed. STG was mainly transformed via amide hydrolysis and conjugation of the primary amine moiety. In contrast, FXF was predominantly transformed by oxidative reactions such as oxidation (dehydrogenation) and hydroxylation. Furthermore, FXF was removed significantly faster in contact with carriers compared to suspended sludge, whereas STG was degraded slightly faster in contact with suspended sludge. Moreover, the primary TP of FXF was also degraded faster in contact with carriers leading to higher proportions of secondary TPs. Thus, the microbial community of both carriers and suspended sludge catalyzed the same primary transformation reactions but the transformation kinetics of FXF and the formation/degradation of FXF TPs were considerably higher in contact with carrier-attached biomass. The primary degradation of both target compounds in pilot- and full-scale conventional activated sludge (CAS) and MBBR reactors reached 42 and 61% for FXF and STG, respectively. Up to three of the identified TPs of FXF and 8 TPs of STG were detected in the effluents of pilot- and full-scale CAS and MBBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Henning
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Per Falås
- Water and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandro Castronovo
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Kevin S Jewell
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Kai Bester
- Department for Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas A Ternes
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Arne Wick
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068, Koblenz, Germany.
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15
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Cornejo J, González-Pérez DM, Pérez JI, Gómez MA. Ibuprofen removal by a microfiltration membrane bioreactor during the startup phase. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2019; 55:374-384. [PMID: 31793382 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1697587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of ibuprofen (IBU) during the startup phase of a microfiltration membrane bioreactor (MBR) was determined. A full-scale experimental installation treating real urban wastewater was used for the study. The MBR was composed of an anoxic and an aerobic bioreactors working in pre-denitrification configuration, followed of a membrane reactor. A full mass balance was carried out to estimate the contribution of biotransformation and sorption to biomass to the overall removal of the IBU. During the startup phase of the MBR system there were significant oscillations of the operational variables, mainly of the sludge retention time (SRT); nevertheless, the capacity of the system for IBU removal was very high, with yields of over 94%, despite reaching minimum SRT values of 4.15 d. The main IBU removal occurs in the aerobic reactor, both in the liquid phase and the one associated with the sludge, while in the anoxic bioreactor the removal was scarce, although a certain transfer of IBU from the liquid phase to the sludge took place under anoxic conditions. Despite the high IBU removal yields during startup, the SRT was the most influential variable in IBU removal, an effect observed in all bioreactors, particularly in the anoxic one.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Cornejo
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel M González-Pérez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge I Pérez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A Gómez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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16
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Nsenga Kumwimba M, Meng F. Roles of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in improving metabolism and cometabolism of trace organic chemicals in biological wastewater treatment processes: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 659:419-441. [PMID: 31096373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
While there has been a significant recent improvement in the removal of pollutants in natural and engineered systems, trace organic chemicals (TrOCs) are posing a major threat to aquatic environments and human health. There is a critical need for developing potential strategies that aim at enhancing metabolism and/or cometabolism of these compounds. Recently, knowledge regarding biodegradation of TrOCs by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) has been widely developed. This review aims to delineate an up-to-date version of the ecophysiology of AOB and outline current knowledge related to biodegradation efficiencies of the frequently reported TrOCs by AOB. The paper also provides an insight into biodegradation pathways by AOB and transformation products of these compounds and makes recommendations for future research of AOB. In brief, nitrifying WWTFs (wastewater treatment facilities) were superior in degrading most TrOCs than non-nitrifying WWTFs due to cometabolic biodegradation by the AOB. To fully understand and/or enhance the cometabolic biodegradation of TrOCs by AOB, recent molecular research has focused on numerous crucial factors including availability of the compounds to AOB, presence of growth substrate (NH4-N), redox potentials, microorganism diversity (AOB and heterotrophs), physicochemical properties and operational parameters of the WWTFs, molecular structure of target TrOCs and membrane-based technologies, may all significantly impact the cometabolic biodegradation of TrOCs. Still, further exploration is required to elucidate the mechanisms involved in biodegradation of TrOCs by AOB and the toxicity levels of formed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nsenga Kumwimba
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Fangang Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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17
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Ma J, Dai R, Chen M, Khan SJ, Wang Z. Applications of membrane bioreactors for water reclamation: Micropollutant removal, mechanisms and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:532-543. [PMID: 30195697 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have attracted attention in water reclamation as a result of the recent technical advances and cost reduction in membranes. However, the increasing occurrence of micropollutants in wastewaters has posed new challenges. Therefore, we reviewed the current state of research to identify the outstanding needs in this field. In general, the fate of micropollutants in MBRs relates to sorption, biodegradation and membrane separation processes. Hydrophobic, nonionized micropollutants are favorable in sorption, and the biological degradation shows higher efficiency at relatively long SRTs (30-40 days) and HRTs (20-30 h), as a result of co-metabolism, metabolism and/or ion trapping. Although the membrane rejection rates for micropollutants are generally minor, final water quality can be improved via combination with other technologies. This review highlights the challenges and perspectives that should be addressed to facilitate the extended use of MBRs for the removal of micropollutants in water reclamation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ruobin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Stuart J Khan
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Safety, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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18
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Wei CH, Wang N, HoppeJones C, Leiknes T, Amy G, Fang Q, Hu X, Rong H. Organic micropollutants removal in sequential batch reactor followed by nanofiltration from municipal wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:648-657. [PMID: 30144738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The removal of 26 organic micropollutants (OMPs) in synthetic municipal wastewater was investigated via the process of aerobic sequential batch reactor (SBR) alone and SBR followed by nanofiltration (NF). SBR-NF performed better than SBR alone, ascribed to the contribution of NF: 1) complete biomass rejection resulted in diverse microbial community and much less fluctuated performance than SBR alone, and 2) direct OMPs rejection (74-98%) increased their retention time in SBR and thus overall removal via biodegradation/transformation and accumulation in SBR. Nine OMPs showed high biological removal (over 60%), 6 OMPs showed moderate biological removal (30-70%) and 10 OMPs showed low biological removal (below 40%). Most readily and moderately biodegradable OMPs contained strong electron donating group. Most refractory OMPs contained strong electron withdrawing group and/or halogen substitute. The batch addition of powdered activated carbon (100 mg/L) into SBR showed short term sorption performance for both OMPs and bulk organics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hai Wei
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nan Wang
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christiane HoppeJones
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - TorOve Leiknes
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gary Amy
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qian Fang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongwei Rong
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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19
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Kruglova A, Mikola A, Gonzalez-Martinez A, Vahala R. Effect of sulfadiazine and trimethoprim on activated sludge performance and microbial community dynamics in laboratory-scale membrane bioreactors and sequencing batch reactors at 8°C. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 35:e2708. [PMID: 30294885 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The effect of antibiotics sulfadiazine and trimethoprim on activated sludge operated at 8°C was investigated. Performance and microbial communities of sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) and Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) were compared before and after the exposure of antibiotics to the synthetic wastewater. The results revealed irreversible negative effect of these antibiotics in environmentally relevant concentrations on nitrifying microbial community of SBR activated sludge. In opposite, MBR sludge demonstrated fast adaptation and more stable performance during the antibiotics exposure. Dynamics of microbial community was greatly affected by presence of antibiotics. Bacteria from classes Betaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes demonstrated the potential to develop antibiotic resistance in both wastewater treatment systems while Actinobacteria disappeared from all of the reactors after 60 days of antibiotics exposure. Altogether, results showed that operational parameters such as sludge retention time (SRT) and reactor configuration had great effect on microbial community composition of activated sludge and its vulnerability to antibiotics. Operation at long SRT allowed archaea, including ammonium oxidizing species (AOA) such as Nitrososphaera viennensis to grow in MBRs. AOA could have an important role in stable nitrification performance of MBR-activated sludge as a result of tolerance of archaea to antibiotics. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 35: e2708, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Mikola
- Dept. of Built Environment, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Riku Vahala
- Dept. of Built Environment, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
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20
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Żur J, Piński A, Marchlewicz A, Hupert-Kocurek K, Wojcieszyńska D, Guzik U. Organic micropollutants paracetamol and ibuprofen-toxicity, biodegradation, and genetic background of their utilization by bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:21498-21524. [PMID: 29923050 PMCID: PMC6063337 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Currently, analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are classified as one of the most emerging group of xenobiotics and have been detected in various natural matrices. Among them, monocyclic paracetamol and ibuprofen, widely used to treat mild and moderate pain are the most popular. Since long-term adverse effects of these xenobiotics and their biological and pharmacokinetic activity especially at environmentally relevant concentrations are better understood, degradation of such contaminants has become a major concern. Moreover, to date, conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not fully adapted to remove that kind of micropollutants. Bioremediation processes, which utilize bacterial strains with increased degradation abilities, seem to be a promising alternative to the chemical methods used so far. Nevertheless, despite the wide prevalence of paracetamol and ibuprofen in the environment, toxicity and mechanism of their microbial degradation as well as genetic background of these processes remain not fully characterized. In this review, we described the current state of knowledge about toxicity and biodegradation mechanisms of paracetamol and ibuprofen and provided bioinformatics analysis concerning the genetic bases of these xenobiotics decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Żur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Piński
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ariel Marchlewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hupert-Kocurek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Danuta Wojcieszyńska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Urszula Guzik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
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21
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Kruglova A, Gonzalez-Martinez A, Kråkström M, Mikola A, Vahala R. Bacterial diversity and population shifts driven by spotlight wastewater micropollutants in low-temperature highly nitrifying activated sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 605-606:291-299. [PMID: 28668740 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study the influence of low-temperature (8°C), sludge retention time (SRT) and loading of spotlight wastewater micropollutants (MPs) on bacterial community of activated sludge was investigated with a special focus on nitrification. Two Sequencing batch reactors (SBR) and two membrane bioreactors (MBR) were operated with synthetic municipal-like wastewater receiving and not receiving ibuprofen, diclofenac, estrone and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2). Bacterial population studies were related to removal efficiencies of studied MPs. The results showed that studied bacterial communities significantly differed from all previously published nitrifying activated sludge communities. Exceptionally low concentration of autotrophic nitrifying bacteria were found (<0.5%) as well as no common heterotrophic nitrifies were presenting in activated sludge and therefore could not be related to the MPs removal. Additionally SRT had a spacious effect on the diversity of bacteria and bacterial population shifts under pressure of MPs. Growth of Firmicutes was suppressed by presence of MPs in all the reactors. Increase of MPs concentrations in wastewater improved the removal of EE2. Abundance of Delta- and Gammaproteobacteria showed positive correlation with diclofenac removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Kruglova
- Aalto University, Department of Built Environment, P.O. Box 15200, FI-00076 AALTO Espoo, Finland.
| | | | - Matilda Kråkström
- Åbo Akademy University, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Piispankatu 8, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Mikola
- Aalto University, Department of Built Environment, P.O. Box 15200, FI-00076 AALTO Espoo, Finland
| | - Riku Vahala
- Aalto University, Department of Built Environment, P.O. Box 15200, FI-00076 AALTO Espoo, Finland
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22
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Välitalo P, Massei R, Heiskanen I, Behnisch P, Brack W, Tindall AJ, Du Pasquier D, Küster E, Mikola A, Schulze T, Sillanpää M. Effect-based assessment of toxicity removal during wastewater treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 126:153-163. [PMID: 28941401 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Wastewaters contain complex mixtures of chemicals, which can cause adverse toxic effects in the receiving environment. In the present study, the toxicity removal during wastewater treatment at seven municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) was investigated using an effect-based approach. A battery of eight bioassays was applied comprising of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, endocrine disruption and fish embryo toxicity assays. Human cell-based CALUX assays, transgenic larval models and the fish embryo toxicity test were particularly sensitive to WWTP effluents. The results indicate that most effects were significantly reduced or completely removed during wastewater treatment (76-100%), while embryo toxicity, estrogenic activity and thyroid disruption were still detectable in the effluents suggesting that some harmful substances remain after treatment. The responsiveness of the bioassays was compared and the human cell-based CALUX assays showed highest responsiveness in the samples. Additionally, the fish embryo toxicity test and the transgenic larval models for endocrine disrupting effects showed high responsiveness at low sample concentrations in nearly all of the effluent samples. The results showed a similar effect pattern among all WWTPs investigated, indicating that the wastewater composition could be rather similar at different locations. There were no considerable differences in the toxicity removal efficiencies of the treatment plants and no correlation was observed with WWTP characteristics, such as process configuration or sludge age. This study demonstrated that a biotest battery comprising of multiple endpoints can serve as a powerful tool when assessing water quality or water treatment efficiency in a holistic manner. Rather than analyzing the concentrations of a few selected chemicals, bioassays can be used to complement traditional methods of monitoring in the future by assessing sum-parameter based effects, such as mixture effects, and tackling chemicals that are present at concentrations below chemical analytical detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Välitalo
- Finnish Environment Institute, Laboratory Centre, Hakuninmaantie 6, 00430, Helsinki, Finland; Aalto University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tietotie 1E, 02150, Espoo, Finland.
| | - Riccardo Massei
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ilse Heiskanen
- Finnish Environment Institute, Laboratory Centre, Hakuninmaantie 6, 00430, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Werner Brack
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Eberhard Küster
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna Mikola
- Aalto University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tietotie 1E, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tobias Schulze
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Sillanpää
- Finnish Environment Institute, Laboratory Centre, Hakuninmaantie 6, 00430, Helsinki, Finland
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23
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González-Pérez DM, Pérez JI, Gómez MA. Behaviour of the main nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in a membrane bioreactor treating urban wastewater at high hydraulic- and sludge-retention time. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 336:128-138. [PMID: 28494300 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The behaviour and removal efficiency of ibuprofen (IBU), diclofenac (DCF), ketoprofen (KPF), and naproxen (NPX) during the real urban wastewater treatment by an experimental full-scale MBR working at high sludge and hydraulic retention time (SRT, HRT) were determined. The MBR worked in denitrification/nitrification conformation at 35.4h of HRT (Q=0.45m3/h), 37 d of SRT and a recirculation flow rate of 4Q. The experiments were made under steady-state conditions, reaching a biodegradable organic matter removal higher than 99.5%. The MBR system showed similar removal capacity for IBU, NPX, and KTP (>95%), whose main transformation occurred in the aerobic reactor with a low contribution from the anoxic reactor. The system worked with complete nitrification, also achieving an effective retention of the unbiodegradable organic matter due to recirculation. DCF removal was low with negative removal yields for several samplings. Both removal and increase transformation of DCF also occurred in the aerobic reactor, this not being observed in the anoxic one. DCF tends to accumulate in the system and to be recirculated. Thus, during the sampling in which DCF influent concentration decreases, removal yields turn negative. The increase of DCF concentration in the aerobic bioreactor also contributes to the negative removal yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M González-Pérez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group (TEP-239), University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - J I Pérez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group (TEP-239), University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - M A Gómez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group (TEP-239), University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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24
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Muter O, P Erkons I, Selga T, Berzins A, Gudra D, Radovica-Spalvina I, Fridmanis D, Bartkevics V. Removal of pharmaceuticals from municipal wastewaters at laboratory scale by treatment with activated sludge and biostimulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:402-413. [PMID: 28126281 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater containing 21 pharmaceutical compounds, as well as activated sludge obtained from the aeration tank of the same wastewater treatment plant were used in lab-scale biodegradation experiments. The concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry and ranged from 13.2ng/L to 51.8μg/L. Activated sludge was characterized in the terms of phylogenetic and catabolic diversity of microbial community, as well as its morphology. Proteobacteria (24.0%) represented the most abundant phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes (19.8%) and Firmicutes (13.2%). Bioaugmentation of wastewater with activated sludge stimulated the biodegradation process for 14 compounds. The concentration of carbamazepine in non-amended and bioaugmented WW decreased during the first 17h up to 30% and 70%, respectively. Diclofenac and ibuprofen demonstrated comparatively slow removal. The stimulating effect of the added nutrients was observed for the degradation of almost all pharmaceuticals detected in WW. The most pronounced effect of nutrients was found for erythromycin. The results were compared with those obtained for the full-scale WW treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Muter
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
| | - Ingus P Erkons
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Turs Selga
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Andrejs Berzins
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Dita Gudra
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, 1 Ratsupites Str., Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | | | - Davids Fridmanis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, 1 Ratsupites Str., Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Vadims Bartkevics
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
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25
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Gurung K, Ncibi MC, Sillanpää M. Assessing membrane fouling and the performance of pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) to treat real municipal wastewater during winter season in Nordic regions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 579:1289-1297. [PMID: 27913026 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the performance of a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) to treat real municipal wastewater was assessed at low temperatures (7 to 20°C) in Nordic regions. First, the effect of low temperatures on membrane fouling was evaluated by monitoring trans-membrane pressure. A significant membrane fouling was observed when the sludge temperature inside the MBR unit was below 10°C with a 75% permeability drop, thus indicating high deterioration of the membrane performance at low temperatures. Moreover, increasing values of sludge volume index (SVI) during low temperatures showed high deterioration of sludge settleability. As for the pollution removal, MBR achieved high performances primarily for pathogens and emerging micropollutants. The average log reductions of 1.82, 3.02, and 1.94 log units were achieved for norovirus GI, norovirus GII, and adenoviruses, respectively. Among the four trace organic compounds (TrOCs), the average removal efficiencies of bisoprolol, diclofenac and bisphenol A were 65%, 38%, and >97%, respectively. However, carbamazepine was not efficiently removed (-89% to 28%). Regarding trace metals, an average removal of >80% was achieved for Cd, Pb, and V. For the rest of the metals, the removal capacities were between 30 and 60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khum Gurung
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland.
| | - Mohamed Chaker Ncibi
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Laboratory of Green Chemistry, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida International University, Miami FL-33174, USA.
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26
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Tiwari B, Sellamuthu B, Ouarda Y, Drogui P, Tyagi RD, Buelna G. Review on fate and mechanism of removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from wastewater using biological approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:1-12. [PMID: 27889353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to research advancement and discoveries in the field of medical science, maintains and provides better human health and safer life, which lead to high demand for production of pharmaceutical compounds with a concomitant increase in population. These pharmaceutical (biologically active) compounds were not fully metabolized by the body and excreted out in wastewater. This micro-pollutant remains unchanged during wastewater treatment plant operation and enters into the receiving environment via the discharge of treated water. Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds in both surface and ground waters becomes a major concern due to their potential eco-toxicity. Pharmaceuticals (emerging micro-pollutants) deteriorate the water quality and impart a toxic effect on living organisms. Therefore, from last two decades, plenty of studies were conducted on the occurrence, impact, and removal of pharmaceutical residues from the environment. This review provides an overview on the fate and removal of pharmaceutical compounds via biological treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yassine Ouarda
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | - Patrick Drogui
- INRS Eau, Terre et Environnement, Québec (Québec), Canada
| | | | - Gerardo Buelna
- Centre de Recherche Industrielle du Québec (CRIQ), Québec (Québec), Canada
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