1
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Sun S, Yan P, Zhang M, Fan Y, Gu X, Chachar A, He S. Reveling the micromolecular biological mechanism of acetate, thiosulfate and Fe 0 in ecological floating beds for treating low C/N wastewater: Insight into nitrogen removals and greenhouse gases reductions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174042. [PMID: 38908573 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Selecting an appropriate electron donor to enhance nitrogen removal for treating low C/N wastewater in ecological floating beds (EFBs) is controversy. In this study, a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of sodium acetate (EFB-C), sodium thiosulfate (EFB-S) and iron scraps (EFB-Fe) was performed in a 2-year experiment on long-term viability including nitrogen removal and greenhouse gas emissions associated with key molecular biological mechanisms. The results showed that EFB-C (43-85 %) and EFB-S (40-88 %) exhibited superior total nitrogen (TN) removal. Temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) have significant impacts on TN removal of EFB-Fe, however, it could reach 86 % under high temperature (30-35 °C) and a long HRT (3 days), and it has lowest N2O (0-6.2 mg m-2 d-1) and CH4 (0-5.3 mg m-2 d-1) fluxes. Microbial network analysis revealed that the microbes changed from competing to cooperating after adding electron donors. A higher abundance of anammox genera was enriched in EFB-Fe. The Mantel's test and structural equation model provided proof of the differences, which showed that acetate and thiosulfate were similar, whereas Fe0 was different in the nitrogen removal mechanism. Molecular biology analyses further verified that heterotrophic, autotrophic, and mixotrophic coupled with anammox were the main TN removal pathways for EFB-C, EFB-S, and EFB-Fe, respectively. These findings provide a better understanding of the biological mechanisms for selecting appropriate electron donors for treating low C/N wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Pan Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Azharuddin Chachar
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
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2
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Zhou Q, Jia L, Li Y, Wu W, Wang J. Significantly Enhanced Nitrate and Phosphorus Removal by Pyrite/Sawdust Composite-Driven Mixotrophic Denitrification with Boosted Electron Transfer: Comprehensive Evaluation of Water-Gas-Biofilm Phases during a Long-Term Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10149-10161. [PMID: 38808456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Further reducing total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the secondary effluent needs to be realized effectively and in an eco-friendly manner. Herein, four pyrite/sawdust composite-based biofilters were established to treat simulated secondary effluent for 304 days. The results demonstrated that effluent TN and TP concentrations from biofilters under the optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.5 h were stable at <2.0 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively, and no significant differences were observed between inoculated sludge sources. The pyrite/sawdust composite-based biofilters had low N2O, CH4, and CO2 emissions, and the effluent's DOM was mainly composed of five fluorescence components. Moreover, mixotrophic denitrifiers (Thiothrix) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (Desulfosporosinus) contributing to microbial nitrogen and sulfur cycles were enriched in the biofilm. Co-occurrence network analysis deciphered that Chlorobaculum and Desulfobacterales were key genera, which formed an obvious sulfur cycle process that strengthened the denitrification capacity. The higher abundances of genes encoding extracellular electron transport (EET) chains/mediators revealed that pyrite not only functioned as an electron conduit to stimulate direct interspecies electron transfer by flagella but also facilitated EET-associated enzymes for denitrification. This study comprehensively evaluates the water-gas-biofilm phases of pyrite/sawdust composite-based biofilters during a long-term study, providing an in-depth understanding of boosted electron transfer in pyrite-based mixotrophic denitrification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lixia Jia
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuanwei Li
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weizhong Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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3
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Wolff D, Abou-Kandil A, Azaizeh H, Wick A, Jadoun J. Influence of vegetation and substrate type on removal of emerging organic contaminants and microbial dynamics in horizontal subsurface constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172346. [PMID: 38608881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) offer an efficient alternative technology for removing emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) from wastewater. Optimizing CW performance requires understanding the impact of CW configuration on EOC removal and microbial community dynamics. This study investigated EOC removal and microbial communities in horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) CWs over a 26-month operational period. Comparison between tuff-filled and gravel-filled CWs highlighted the superior EOC removal in tuff-filled CWs during extended operation, likely caused by the larger surface area of the tuff substrate fostering microbial growth, sorption, and biodegradation. Removal of partially positively charged EOCs, like atenolol (29-98 %) and fexofenadine (21-87 %), remained constant in the different CWs, and was mainly attributed to sorption. In contrast, removal rates for polar non-sorbing compounds, including diclofenac (3-64 %), acyclovir (9-85 %), and artificial sweeteners acesulfame (5-60 %) and saccharin (1-48 %), seemed to increase over time due to enhanced biodegradation. The presence of vegetation and different planting methods (single vs. mixed plantation) had a limited impact, underscoring the dominance of substrate type in the CW performance. Microbial community analysis identified two stages: a startup phase (1-7 months) and a maturation phase (19-26 months). During this transition, highly diverse communities dominated by specific species in the early stages gave way to more evenly distributed and relatively stable communities. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes remained dominant throughout. Alphaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Salinimicrobium, and Sphingomonas were enriched during the maturation phase, potentially serving as bioindicators for EOC removal. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the pivotal role of substrate type and maturation in the removal of EOCs in HSSF CW, considering the complex interplay with EOC physicochemical properties. Insights into microbial community dynamics underscore the importance of taxonomic and functional diversity in assessing CW effectiveness. This knowledge aids in optimizing HSSF CWs for sustainable wastewater treatment, EOC removal, and ecological risk assessment, ultimately contributing to environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wolff
- Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Nutritional Behaviour, D-76137 Karlsruhe, Haid-und-Neu-Straße 9, Germany
| | - Ammar Abou-Kandil
- Institute of Applied Research, the Galilee Society, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel
| | - Hassan Azaizeh
- Department of Environmental Science, Biotechnology and Water Sciences, Tel Hai College, Upper Galilee 12208, Israel
| | - Arne Wick
- Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), D-56068 Koblenz, Am Mainzer Tor 1, Germany.
| | - Jeries Jadoun
- Institute of Applied Research, the Galilee Society, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel.
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Fang F, Yang J, Chen LL, Xu RZ, Luo JY, Ni BJ, Cao JS. Mixotrophic denitrification of waste activated sludge fermentation liquid as an alternative carbon source for nitrogen removal: Reducing N 2O emissions and costs. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 362:121348. [PMID: 38824891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Heterotrophic-sulfur autotrophic denitrification (HAD) has been proposed to be a prospective nitrogen removal process. In this work, the potential of fermentation liquid (FL) from waste-activated sludge (WAS) as the electron donor for denitrification in the HAD system was explored and compared with other conventional carbon sources. Results showed that when FL was used as a carbon source, over 99% of NO3--N was removed and its removal rate exceeded 14.00 mg N/g MLSS/h, which was significantly higher than that of methanol and propionic acid. The produced sulfate was below the limit value and the emission of N2O was low (1.38% of the NO3--N). Microbial community analysis showed that autotrophic denitrifiers were predominated in the HAD system, in which Thiobacillus (16.4%) was the dominant genus. The economic analysis showed the cost of the FL was 0.062 €/m3, which was 30% lower than that in the group dosed with methanol. Our results demonstrated the FL was a promising carbon source for the HAD system, which could reduce carbon emission and cost, and offer a creative approach for waste-activated sludge resource reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Ling-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Run-Ze Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Jing-Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jia-Shun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Stefanatou A, Markoulatou E, Koukmenidis I, Vouzi L, Petousi I, Stasinakis AS, Rizzo A, Masi F, Akriotis T, Fountoulakis MS. Use of ornamental plants in floating treatment wetlands for greywater treatment in urban areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169448. [PMID: 38135068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetlands are considered a promising and low-cost technology for the treatment of polluted water and wastewater. However, their functionality and efficiency in different types of wastewater are not fully understood. In this study, several ornamental plant species (monocultures: Canna sp., Iris sp., polyculture: Iris orientalis, Cyperus sp., Acorus gramineus) were tested in two different types of floating mats, including a media supported floating mat (MSFM) or a simple plastic grid, and evaluated for optimal removal of the studied pollutants. The results regarding pollutant removal revealed that planted systems grown in MSFM achieved significantly higher removal rates (up to 90 %) compared to the plastic grid (up to 80 %). Statistically significant higher removal rates were obtained for the planted systems compared to the unplanted systems either grown in MSFM (for turbidity (planted: 82-90 %; unplanted: 44 %), COD (planted: 74-84 %; unplanted: 32 %) and BOD5 (planted: 76-85 %; unplanted: 51 %), respectively) or grown in the plastic grid (for turbidity (planted: 64-78 %; unplanted: 44 %) and COD (planted: 43-75 %; unplanted: 32 %), respectively). During the experimental period (7 months), all plants managed to survive and withstand the weather variations. The plants in polyculture followed by Iris sp. plants in plastic grid floating mats were better adapted, as indicated by maximum quantum efficiency of PSII values and chlorophyll content index, while all the plants were considered well adapted in the MSFM. Overall, the implementation of floating treatment wetlands with ornamental vegetation for greywater treatment in urban areas seems to be a sustainable and efficient approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilia Stefanatou
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Greece.
| | | | - Ilias Koukmenidis
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Greece
| | - Lydia Vouzi
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Greece
| | - Ioanna Petousi
- Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, 81100 Mytilene, Greece
| | | | | | - Fabio Masi
- IRIDRA Srl, via La Marmora 51, 50121 Florence, Italy
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Zhang F, Wang J, Li L, Shen C, Zhang S, Zhang J, Liu R, Zhao Y. Technologies for performance intensification of floating treatment wetland - An explicit and comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 348:140727. [PMID: 37977538 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
With the wide application of floating treatment wetland (FTW), the limited performance of FTWs should be improved. A comprehensive review is accordingly necessary to summarize the state-of-the-art on FTWs for performance improvement. An attempt has been made to gain information from literature about technologies to enhance the performance of FTWs. These technologies have been classified into three categories according to their mechanisms: 1) increasing the amount and activity of bacteria; 2) enhancing the growth of plant; and 3) configurable innovations. The design and application of each enhanced FTW have been discussed in detail. Thereafter, all the technologies have been compared and analyzed according to their improvement in pollutant removal and ecological effects. In summary, FTW with additional bio-carriers has a higher potential for future applications with the benefits of wide application conditions, scale-up potential, and the easy combination with other methods to further improve the removal efficiency. The stability and sustainability of these technologies should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Liyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China; Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Shaochen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Ranbin Liu
- Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies/Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Beijing 100044, PR China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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7
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Liu X, Xin X, Yang W, Zhang X. Effect mechanism of micron-scale zero-valent iron enhanced pyrite-driven denitrification biofilter for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1847-1860. [PMID: 37955735 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effect mechanism of micron-scale zero-valent iron (mZVI) to improve nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a pyrite (FeS2)-driven denitrification biofilter (DNBF) for the secondary effluent treatment. Two similar DNBFs (DNBF-A with FeS2 as fillers and DNBF-B with the mixture mZVI and FeS2 as carrier) were developed. The results showed that NO3--N, total nitrogen (TN) and PO43--P removal efficiencies were up to 91.64%, 67.44% and 80.26% in DNBF-B, which were obviously higher than those of DNBF-A (with NO3--N, TN and PO43--P removal efficiencies of 38.39%, 44.89% and 53.02%, respectively). Kinetic analysis of both PO43--P and NO3--N showed an increase in the rate constant (K) for DNBF-B compared to DNBF-A. The addition of mZVI not only improved the electron transport system activity (ETSA), but also achieved system Fe(II)/Fe(III) redox cycle in DNBF-B. In addition, the high-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the addition of mZVI could obviously stimulate the enrichment of functional bacteria, such as Thiobacillus (11.99%), Mesotoga (7.50%), JGI-0000079D21 (6.37%), norank_f__Bacteroidetes_vadinHA17 (6.19%), Aquimonas (5.93%) and Arenimonas (3.97%). These genus played the important role in nitrogen and phosphorus removal in DNBF-B. Addition mZVI in the FeS2-driven denitrification biofilter is highly promising for TN and TP removal during secondary effluent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Xin Xin
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China.
| | - Wenyu Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610225, China
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8
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Kou L, Huang T, Zhang H, Li K, Hua F, Huang C, Liu X, Si F. Water-lifting and aeration system improves water quality of drinking water reservoirs: Biological mechanism and field application. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 129:174-188. [PMID: 36804234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reservoirs have been served as the major source of drinking water for dozens of years. The water quality safety of large and medium reservoirs increasingly becomes the focus of public concern. Field test has proved that water-lifting and aeration system (WLAS) is a piece of effective equipment for in situ control and improvement of water quality. However, its intrinsic bioremediation mechanism, especially for nitrogen removal, still lacks in-depth investigation. Hence, the dynamic changes in water quality parameters, carbon source metabolism, species compositions and co-occurrence patterns of microbial communities were systematically studied in Jinpen Reservoir within a whole WLAS running cycle. The WLAS operation could efficiently reduce organic carbon (19.77%), nitrogen (21.55%) and phosphorus (65.60%), respectively. Biolog analysis revealed that the microbial metabolic capacities were enhanced via WLAS operation, especially in bottom water. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that WLAS operation altered the diversity and distributions of microbial communities in the source water. The most dominant genus accountable for aerobic denitrification was identified as Dechloromonas. Furthermore, network analysis revealed that microorganisms interacted more closely through WLAS operation. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and total nitrogen (TN) were regarded as the two main physicochemical parameters influencing microbial community structures, as confirmed by redundancy analysis (RDA) and Mantel test. Overall, the results will provide a scientific basis and an effective way for strengthening the in-situ bioremediation of micro-polluted source water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Kou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Haihan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Kai Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Fengyao Hua
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Fan Si
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710055, China
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9
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Li L, Zhang J, Shi Q, Lu S. Comparison of nitrogen removal performance and mechanism from low-polluted wastewater by constructed wetlands with two oxygen supply strategies: Tidal flow and intermittent aeration. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137364. [PMID: 36427582 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to dissolved oxygen (DO) limited nitrogen removal efficiency in constructed wetlands (CWs), two representative oxygen-suppling CWs, i.e., tidal flow constructed wetlands (TFCWs) and intermittently aerated constructed wetlands (IACWs) were proposed to compare the effect of oxygen supply strategies on the nitrogen removal performance and mechanism. Results showed that the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and COD in IACWs were as high as 90.35-97.14% and 91.14-92.44%, respectively. In terms of TN, TFCWs (83.82%) showed a significantly higher removal efficiency than IACWs, and this result was derived with the flooded/drained phase (FP/DP) ratio of 21 h:3 h in TFCWs, because rhythmic FP and DP formed a high oxygen gradient at different depths of the system, which intensified the nitrification and denitrification simultaneously. The potential nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria (e.g., Nitrospira, Azospira, Haliangium, Bradyrhizobium and Arenimonas) were enriched more significantly in TFCWs compared with IACWs, as well as Bacillus for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, which promoted nitrogen transformation together. Also, the results of molecular ecological network analysis showed that bacterial community structure in IACWs was more complex and robust than in TFCWs, because there were obviously more nodes and links as well as a higher proportion of negative interference. However, the relationship between genera in TFCWs was closer depending on shorter path distances, and the keystone genus (Nitrosomonas) in related to nitrification was considered to play an important role in nitrogen transformation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
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10
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Zhang J, Fan C, Zhao M, Wang Z, Jiang S, Jin Z, Bei K, Zheng X, Wu S, Lin P, Miu H. A comprehensive review on mixotrophic denitrification processes for biological nitrogen removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137474. [PMID: 36493890 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological denitrification is the most widely used method for nitrogen removal in water treatment. Compared with heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification, mixotrophic denitrification is later studied and used. Because mixotrophic denitrification can overcome some shortcomings of heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification, such as a high carbon source demand for heterotrophic denitrification and a long start-up time for autotrophic denitrification. It has attracted extensive attention of researchers and is increasingly used in biological nitrogen removal processes. However, so far, a comprehensive review is lacking. This paper aims to review the current research status of mixotrophic denitrification and provide guidance for future research in this field. It is shown that mixotrophic denitrification processes can be divided into three main kinds based on different kinds of electron donors, mainly including sulfur-, hydrogen-, and iron-based reducing substances. Among them, sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification is the most widely studied. The most concerned influencing factors of mixotrophic denitrification processes are hydraulic retention times (HRT) and ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to total inorganic nitrogen (C/N). The dominant functional bacteria of sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification system are Thiobacillus, Azoarcus, Pseudomonas, and Thauera. At present, mixotrophic denitrification processes are mainly applied for nitrogen removal in drinking water, groundwater, and wastewater treatment. Finally, challenges and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Chunzhen Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Shunfeng Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Zhan Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Ke Bei
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Xiangyong Zheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China.
| | - Suqing Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China.
| | - Ping Lin
- Wenzhou Drainage Co., Ltd, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| | - Huanyi Miu
- Wenzhou Ecological Park Development and Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
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Sun Y, Tang K, Song H, Jiang D, Chen S, Tu W, Cai L, Huang H, Zhang F. The Effect of Domestic Sewage Treatment on Islands Using Ecological Treatment Processes: A Case Study of Haimen Island, Fujian Province. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15440. [PMID: 36497513 PMCID: PMC9737686 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Islands are characterized by a lack of land and freshwater resources, public finances, and technical personnel. As a result, domestic sewage may not be effectively treated, which can lead to major pollution on islands and in the surrounding sea areas. In this study, a pilot treatment of domestic sewage was conducted using an ecological treatment process (i.e., a constructed wetland and ecological pond) in an abandoned pond located on Haimen Island, Fujian Province, China. The pollutant indicators were monitored to analyze this treatment method at different treatment stages. The results showed that the combination of multiple ecological treatment processes had favorable treatment effects on various pollutants in the sewage. The treatment rates of the chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) and suspended solids (SS) surpassed 88%. The treatment rate of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and fecal coliform surpassed 93%, and all the indicators met or were close to the level I B emission standards for urban sewage treatment plants. Different treatment stages have different treatment effects on different pollutants. The constructed wetland played an important role in sewage treatment through plant absorption, substrate adsorption, sedimentation, and microbial decomposition, particularly for the TP, CODCr, and BOD5. In contrast, algal photosynthesis in the ecological pond produced a large amount of dissolved oxygen, and the treatment effect was highest for the TN and NH3-N. The treatment effects on the fecal coliform in the constructed wetland and ecological pond were very significant. Ecological treatment processes based on the combination of a constructed wetland and ecological pond have favorable treatment effects, low construction and maintenance costs, and pollution-free conditions, which are suitable for application in island areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmin Sun
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Kunxian Tang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hui Song
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Degang Jiang
- Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Pingtan 350400, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wulin Tu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Luchun Cai
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Haiping Huang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen 361005, China
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12
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Chen Y, Zhao YG, Wang X, Ji J. Impact of sulfamethoxazole and organic supplementation on mixotrophic denitrification process: Nitrate removal efficiency and the response of functional microbiota. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115818. [PMID: 35944321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) effluent is characterized by low COD to total inorganic nitrogen ratio (C/N), excessive nitrate, and the presence of traces of antibiotics. Hence, it urgently needs to be treated before recycling or discharging. In this study, four denitrification bioreactors at increasing C/N ratios (0, 0.7, 2, and 5) were started up to treat mariculture wastewater under the sulfamethoxazole (SMX) stress, during which the bioreactors performance and the shift of mixotrophic microbial communities were explored. The result showed that during the SMX exposure, organic supplementation enhanced nitrate and thiosulfate removal, and eliminated nitrite accumulation. The denitrification rate was accelerated by increasing C/N from 0 to 2, while it declined at C/N of 5. The decline was ascribed to which SMX reduced the relative abundance of denitrifiers, but improved the capability of dissimilatory nitrogen reduction to ammonia (DNRA) and sulfide production. The direct evidence was the relative abundance of sulfidogenic populations, such as Desulfuromusa, Desulfurocapsa, and Desulfobacter increased under the SMX stress. Moreover, high SMX (1.5 mg L-1) caused the obvious accumulation of ammonia at C/N of 5 due to the high concentration of sulfide (3.54 ± 1.08 mM) and the enhanced DNRA process. This study concluded that the mixotrophic denitrification process with the C/N of 0.7 presented the best performance in nitrate and sulfur removal and indicated the maximum resistance to SMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yang-Guo Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Junyuan Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering (MEGE), College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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13
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Cui H, Yang Y, Zhang X, Dong L, Yang Y, Huang M, He Y, Lu X, Zhen G. Nitrogen removal and microbial mechanisms in a novel tubular bioreactor-enhanced floating treatment wetland for the treatment of high nitrate river water. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10767. [PMID: 35941098 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel tubular bioreactor-enhanced floating treatment wetland (TB-EFTW) was developed for the in situ treatment of high nitrate river water. When compared with the enhanced floating treatment wetland (EFTW), the TB-EFTW system achieved 30% higher total nitrogen removal efficiency. Further, the average TN level of the TB-EFTW effluent was below the Grade IV requirement (1.5 mg/L) specified in Chinese standard (GB3838-2002). Microbial analysis revealed that both aerobic and anoxic denitrifying bacteria coexisted in the new system. The relative abundance of aerobic and anoxic denitrifiers were 42.69% and 22% at the middle and end of the tubular bioreactor (TB), respectively. It is reasonable to assume that effective nitrogen removal can mainly be attributed to the addition of solid carbon source and the spatial difference in DO distribution (oxic-anoxic areas in sequence) inside the TB. The initial investment cost and operating costs associated with the TB-EFTW system are approximately 14,000 and 3500 yuan per 1000 m3 river water, respectively. Considering its low cost, minimal maintenance requirements, and effective nitrogen removal, this newly developed system can be regarded as a promising technology for treating high nitrate river water. PRACTITIONER POINTS: A novel TB-EFTW system was developed to upgrade traditional in situ treatment techniques. The TB-EFTW could achieve 30% higher nitrogen removal efficiency than EFTWs. Both aerobic and anoxic denitrifying bacteria coexisted in the system. The system shows better technical and economic performance compared with routine techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Cui
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yinchuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Minsheng Huang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan He
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqin Lu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyin Zhen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, China
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14
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Knowledge Atlas on the Relationship between Water Management and Constructed Wetlands—A Bibliometric Analysis Based on CiteSpace. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Water management is a crucial resource conservation challenge that mankind faces, and encouraging the creation of manmade wetlands with the goal of achieving long-term water management is the key to long-term urban development. To summarise and analyse the status of the research on the relationship between water management and constructed wetlands, this paper makes use of the advantages of the bibliometric visualization of CiteSpace to generate country/region maps and author-collaboration maps, and to analyse research hotspots and research dynamics by using keywords and literature co-citations based on 1248 pieces of related literature in the core collection in the Web of Science (WoS) database. The existing research shows that the research content and methods in the field of constructed-wetland and water-management research are constantly being enriched and deepened, including the research methods frequently used in constructed wetlands in water management and in the research content under concern, the functions and roles of constructed wetlands, the relevant measurement indicators of the purification impact of constructed wetlands on water bodies, and the types of water bodies treated by constructed wetlands in water management. We summarise the impact pathways of constructed wetlands on water management, as well as the impact factors of constructed wetlands under water-management objectives, by analysing the future concerns in the research field to provide references for research.
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Wu F, He S, Gu X, Yan P, Peng Y, Sun S, Liu Z. The suitable biomass carbon source for improving nitrogen removal in surface flow constructed wetland system: Fresh vs. withered. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 308:114624. [PMID: 35121457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant biomass can be used as a carbon source to enhance the nitrogen removal effect. Related researches mainly focused on withered biomass, while little on fresh biomass. In this study, batch experiments revealed that the carbon release rate (60.5 mg TOC g-1) of fresh biomass was significantly higher than that of withered biomass (44.9 mg TOC g-1), while the nitrogen release rate showed the opposite trend. Compared with withered biomass, fresh biomass could release more sugar and less refractory humic acid, which means higher bioavailability. After adding fresh biomass, TN removal rate increased from 18.65% to 51.59%. The TN removal in the wetland adding withered biomass increased from 13.59% to 42.25%. The biomass addition had a slight impact on the effluent sensory quality in the first two days. After adding fresh biomass and withered biomass, the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria like Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas in the system significantly increased. In general, fresh biomass was more suitable as a denitrification carbon source for surface flow constructed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Pan Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Peng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Zexuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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Wang J, Long Y, Yu G, Wang G, Zhou Z, Li P, Zhang Y, Yang K, Wang S. A Review on Microorganisms in Constructed Wetlands for Typical Pollutant Removal: Species, Function, and Diversity. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:845725. [PMID: 35450286 PMCID: PMC9016276 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.845725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been proven as a reliable alternative to traditional wastewater treatment technologies. Microorganisms in CWs, as an important component, play a key role in processes such as pollutant degradation and nutrient transformation. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the community structure and diversity of microorganisms, especially for functional microorganisms, in CWs is important to understand its performance patterns and explore optimized strategies. With advances in molecular biotechnology, it is now possible to analyze and study microbial communities and species composition in complex environments. This review performed bibliometric analysis of microbial studies in CWs to evaluate research trends and identify the most studied pollutants. On this basis, the main functional microorganisms of CWs involved in the removal of these pollutants are summarized, and the effects of these pollutants on microbial diversity are investigated. The result showed that the main phylum involved in functional microorganisms in CWs include Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. These functional microorganisms can remove pollutants from CWs by catalyzing chemical reactions, biodegradation, biosorption, and supporting plant growth, etc. Regarding microbial alpha diversity, heavy metals and high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly reduce microbial richness and diversity, whereas antibiotics can cause large fluctuations in alpha diversity. Overall, this review can provide new ideas and directions for the research of microorganisms in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yuannan Long
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Guanlong Yu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yameng Zhang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Shitao Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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Effects of Enrofloxacin on Nutrient Removal by a Floating Treatment Wetland Planted with Iris pseudacorus: Response and Resilience of Rhizosphere Microbial Communities. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14063358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs), including floating treatment wetlands (FTWs), possess great potential for treating excessive nutrients in surface waters, where, however, the ubiquitous presence of antibiotics, e.g., enrofloxacin (ENR), is threatening the performance of CWs. In developing a more efficient and resilient system, we explored the responses of the FTW to ENR, using tank 1, repeatedly exposed to ENR, and tank 2 as control. Plant growth and nutrient uptake were remarkably enhanced in tank 1, and similar phosphorus removal rates (86~89% of the total added P) were obtained for both tanks over the experimental period. Contrarily, ENR apparently inhibited N removal by tank 1 (35.1%), compared to 40.4% for tank 2. As ENR rapidly decreased by an average of 71.6% within a week after each addition, tank 1 took only 4 weeks to adapt and return to a similar state compared to that of tank 2. This might be because of the recovery of microbial communities, particularly denitrifying and antibiotic-resistance genes containing bacteria, such as Actinobacteria, Patescibacteria, Acidovorax and Pseudomonas. After three ENR exposures over six weeks, no significant differences in the nutrient removal and microbial communities were found between both tanks, suggesting the great resilience of the FTW to ENR.
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18
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Zhao X, Zhao X, Chen C, Zhang H, Wang L. Ecological floating bed for decontamination of eutrophic water bodies: Using alum sludge ceramsite. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 311:114845. [PMID: 35272160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combined ecological floating bed (C-EFB) with alum sludge ceramsite (ASC) was designed to improve the water purification effect of traditional ecological floating beds (T-EFBs). During the ASC preparation stage, alum sludge was shaped into a ball, air-dried, and fired under 600 °C. The physical and chemical properties of the ASC meet the requirements of Artificial Ceramsite Filter Materials for Water Treatment (CJ/T229-2008). This study investigated the increased capability of this new-type artificial substrate (ASC) on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) from eutrophic landscape water. Compared with the T-EFB, the C-EFB owns a higher purification efficiency. The highest average efficiency of COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP removals during the four operating stages was 78.2%, 58.1%, 46.7% and 53.2%, respectively, in the C-EFB, which were all higher than those of 53.5%, 32.4%, 27.2% and 25.8%, respectively, for the T-EFB. Among them, the C-EFB showed a higher advantage in the removal of TP. The results showed that the potential benefits of utilizing ASC in seriously eutrophic bodies of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecology in Arid Areas, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Haidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xiangcheng, Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, 215105, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Cui X, Ren Q, Zhang J, Zhou Y. Removal kinetics of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate in a batch-operated oxygen based membrane biofilm reactor treating greywater: Quantitative differentiation of adsorption and biodegradation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150523. [PMID: 34844301 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor (O2-MBfR) is a unique technique for high linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS)-containing greywater (GW) treatment. Despite the efficient removal of LAS, the dynamics of how it is taken up and the quantitative differentiation of adsorption and biodegradation are largely undefined. In this study, we tracked the fate of LAS, chemical oxygen demand and nitrogen in various systems: GW, GW with inactivated sludge (InAS) and GW with activated sludge (AS). We determined the distribution of biodegraded-, free-, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-attached LAS, and we also developed a model to simulate all the steps. Results showed that AS exhibited high live cells proportion and microbial activity, but the opposite trend for GW and InAS. Both of nitrogen and organics could be simultaneously and efficiently removed in the AS inoculated system. The two-step model for LAS uptake and biodegradation represented the experimental results well. EPS adsorption led to the fast LAS accumulation in biofilm, and biodegradation led to the continuous removal of LAS in the system. After operated for 24 h, biodegradation and EPS accumulation of LAS were 94% and 4%, respectively, and the residual soluble LAS was lower than 1%. This work lays the foundation for using O2-MBfR to treat GW and other types of wastewater, and understanding the key roles of EPS and the mathematical model of LAS removal in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocai Cui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingqing Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou, Guangdong 516007, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Health and Green Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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20
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Kostrytsia A, Papirio S, Khodzhaev M, Morrison L, Collins G, Lens PNL, Ijaz UZ, Esposito G. Biofilm carrier type affects biogenic sulfur-driven denitrification performance and microbial community dynamics in moving-bed biofilm reactors. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:131975. [PMID: 34454228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Autotrophic denitrification with biosulfur (ADBIOS) provides a sustainable technological solution for biological nitrogen removal from wastewater driven by biogenic S0, derived from biogas desulfurization. In this study, the effect of different biofilm carriers (conventional AnoxK™ 1 and Z-200 with a pre-defined maximum biofilm thickness) on ADBIOS performance and microbiomics was investigated in duplicate moving bed-biofilm reactors (MBBRs). The MBBRs were operated parallelly in continuous mode for 309 days, whilst gradually decreasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 72 to 21 h, and biosulfur was either pumped in suspension (days 92-223) or supplied in powder form. Highest nitrate removal rates were approximately 225 (±11) mg/L·d and 180 (±7) mg NO3--N/L·d in the MBBRs operated with K1 and Z-200 carriers, respectively. Despite having the same protected surface area for biofilm development in each MBBR, the biomass attached onto the K1 carrier was 4.8-fold more than that on the Z-200 carrier, with part of the biogenic S0 kept in the biofilm. The microbial communities of K1 and Z-200 biofilms could also be considered similar at cDNA level in terms of abundance (R = 0.953 with p = 0.042). A relatively stable microbial community was formed on K1 carriers, while the active portion of the microbial community varied significantly over time in the MBBRs using Z-200 carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Kostrytsia
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino (FR), Italy.
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Murod Khodzhaev
- IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Liam Morrison
- Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Gavin Collins
- Microbial Communities Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Piet N L Lens
- IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Umer Zeeshan Ijaz
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Oakfield Avenue, Glasgow, G12 8LT, United Kingdom.
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
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21
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Gu X, He S, Huang J. Efficient utilization of Iris pseudacorus biomass for nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands: Combining alkali treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118170. [PMID: 34534823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic plant biomass like Iris pseudacorus can be used as electron donor to improve denitrification performance in subsurface constructed wetlands. However, the phenomenon that the nitrogen removal rate declined in the terminal stage restricted the utilization of litters. In terms of this problem, this study investigated the performance of the used biomass through alkali treatment on nitrogen removal and analyzed the effect of alkali treatment on the component and structure of biomass and microbial community. The results showed that the alkali-treated biomass could further enhance the nitrogen removal by nearly 15% compared with used ones. The significant damage of cell walls and compact fibers containing cellulose and lignin through alkali treatment mainly resulted in the improvement of carbon release and nitrogen removal. With the addition of alkali-treated biomass, the richness index of microbes was higher compared with other biomass materials. Furthermore, the abundance of denitrification related genera increased and the abundance of genera for nitrification was maintained. Based on these finds, a mode of a more efficient Iris pseudacorus self-consumed subsurface flow constructed wetlands was designed. In this mode, the effluent total nitrogen could be stabilized below 5 mg L-1 for nine months and the weight of litters could be further cut down by 75%. These findings would contribute to efficient utilization of plant biomass for nitrogen removal enhancement and final residue reduction in the wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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22
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Shen C, Zhao Y, Li Y, Liu R, Wang J, Yang Y. Treating carbon-limited wastewater by DWTR and woodchip augmented floating constructed wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131331. [PMID: 34237501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Floating constructed wetlands (FCWs) have attained tremendous popularity for water purification purposes. However, FCW functions establishment in nutrients removal from carbon-limited wastewater, especially in cold weather, is still a challenge. Here, two drinking water treatment residual (DWTR) based biocarriers (B-I: DWTR cakes, B-II: DWTR cakes combined with woodchips) have been augmented into FCW to enhance the nutrients (N and P) removal performance. Compared to the traditional FCW, the intensified FCWs simultaneously achieved higher N and P removal efficiencies, with average pollutants removal of 52.16 ± 11.51% for TN and 92.72 ± 1.61% for TP in FCW-I and 57.65 ± 9.43% for TN and 92.17 ± 2.55% for TP in FCW-II, respectively, while their removal in FCW-III of 27.74 ± 7.11% for TN and 17.91 ± 9.27% for TP. B-II performed best in overcoming the negative influence of low temperature in nutrients removal. Mass balance budget indicated that most P was enriched in DWTR based biocarriers. Thus it is feasible to recycle and recover P from the surface water. Furthermore, P in the sediment can be changed from active P to stable P, mitigating the internal P release risk. This study can help to expand the understanding of the intensified FCWs and promote the practical application of FCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University Science & Technology, Zhejiang Prov. Key Lab. of Recycling & Ecotreatment Waste, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China; Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China.
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ranbin Liu
- Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Sino-Dutch R&D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center of Future Urban Design, Beijing University of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Beijing, 100044, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University Science & Technology, Zhejiang Prov. Key Lab. of Recycling & Ecotreatment Waste, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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23
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Li D, Chu Z, Zeng Z, Sima M, Huang M, Zheng B. Effects of design parameters, microbial community and nitrogen removal on the field-scale multi-pond constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:148989. [PMID: 34351277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ecological multi-pond constructed wetlands (CWs) are an alternative wastewater treatment technology for nitrogen removal from non-point source pollution. As an important component of nitrogen cycles in the field-scale CWs, microorganisms are affected by design parameters. Nevertheless, the mechanism of design parameters affecting the distribution of microbial community and removal performance remains largely unexplored. In this study, satisfactory nitrogen removal performance was obtained in three multi-pond CWs. The highest mass removal rate per square meter (1104.0 mg/m2/day) and mass removal rate per cubic meter (590.2 mg/m3/day) for total nitrogen removal were obtained in the XY CW system during the wet season. The changes in seasonal parameters accounted for different removal performances and distributions of the microbial community. The combination of wastewater treatment technologies in the XY CW system consisting of ponds, CWs, and eco-floating treatment wetlands enriched the abundances of nitrogen-related functional genera. Correlation network analysis further demonstrated that longer hydraulic residence time and higher nitrogen concentration could intensify the enrichment of nitrogen-related functional genera. Regulating the combination of wastewater treatment technologies, the nitrogen concentration of influent, hydraulic loading rate, and water depth might promote the accumulation of microbial communities and enhance nitrogen removal. Macroscopical spatial/temporal regulation were proposed to enhance the treatment of non-point source pollution. The clarification of driving mechanism on design parameters, microbial community, and removal performance provided a novel perspective on the long-term maintenance of purification performance, practically sustainable applications, and scientific management of field-scale multi-pond CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhaosheng Chu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zhenzhong Zeng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Matthew Sima
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Minsheng Huang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Binghui Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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24
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Shen S, Li X, Lu X. Recent developments and applications of floating treatment wetlands for treating different source waters: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62061-62084. [PMID: 34586569 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Most water bodies around the world suffer from pollution to varying degrees. Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are a simple and efficient ecological treatment technology and have been widely studied and applied as a sustainable solution for different source waters. Based on the analysis of abundant literature in the last ten years, this paper systematically reviews the history and the latest development of FTWs. Meanwhile, the treatment performance and pollutant removal mechanisms of FTWs on the natural water, stormwater, domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, and agricultural runoff are analyzed. In particular, very interesting information is provided, such as water depth, water surface coverage, the ratio of dissolved to total phosphorous (DRP/TP), the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorous (N/P), BOD/COD ratio, and its effects on the efficiency and removal mechanisms of FTWs. This information will provide useful references and guidance for optimizing the design of FTW and pollutant treatment efficiency of different source waters. This paper also provides an objective review of the limitations of FTWs. Subsequently, the enhancements of FTW technology which are recognized to be effective, including aeration, adding functional fillers or obligate degrading bacteria, and construction of hybrid FTWs, are summarized and recommendations are made for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Shen
- Sch Energy & Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi, 214135, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Sch Energy & Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi, 214135, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwu Lu
- Sch Energy & Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing, 210096, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi, 214135, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Shang J, Zhang W, Chen X, Li Y, Niu L, Wang L, Zhang H. How environmental stress leads to alternative microbiota states in a river ecosystem: A new insight into river restoration. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117538. [PMID: 34416651 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Catastrophic shifts in river ecosystems can abruptly degrade their structures and functions, often reducing the efficacy of traditional remediation targeting physicochemical properties. Alternative stable states theory can not only explain this phenomenon but also provide a new insight into river restoration; however, little is known about the existence and implications of alternative stable states in a river. Considering the important role of benthic microbiota in sustaining river ecosystem structures and functions, ecological theory and high-throughput sequencing were combined to firstly investigate multi-stability in microbial communities and its relationship with environmental factors in river sediments. The Nanjing reach of the Yangtze River was selected as the study area because of its huge spatial heterogeneity and varying degrees of pollution. Bimodal distributions combined with temporal variations of microbiota status provided direct evidence of bistability by showing the instability at the intermediate. In addition, environmental stress, particularly concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3--N, was identified as an important driver of alternative microbiota states from the perspectives of the behavior of bistable ecosystems. Comparison of α-diversity indices and network properties between two alternative microbiota states revealed that the diversity and co-occurrence pattern of microbial communities will be high if they are settled in favorable environments (i.e., comprehensive sediment quality identification index > 3.7). Key taxa, including Clostridiales, Nitrospirales and Myxococcales, were discerned by combining LEfSe and network analysis, and their strong interspecies interactions were believed to be an important factor in triggering alternative microbiota states. This study suggests alternative stable states theory should be considered in river remediation to better understand the response of river ecosystems to environmental stress and the effect of hysteresis, benefiting the implementation of effective monitoring and restoration strategies in a river of urban area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Shang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R. China.
| | - Xinqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R. China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R. China.
| | - Lihua Niu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R. China
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R. China
| | - Huanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R. China
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26
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Sharma R, Vymazal J, Malaviya P. Application of floating treatment wetlands for stormwater runoff: A critical review of the recent developments with emphasis on heavy metals and nutrient removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146044. [PMID: 33689897 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) are increasingly gaining popularity due to a set of valuable features like wastewater remediation under varied conditions, ecosystem quality preservation, landscape conservation, and aesthetic benefits. FTW is a phyto-technology in which macrophytes grow on a floating raft with their roots in permanent contact with water and remove pollutants via several physicochemical-biological processes. FTW is highly capable of overcoming technical and operational challenges that come way in stormwater treatment due to the erratic nature of hydrologic and input pollutant loads because this innovative buoyant hydroponic design can move up and down with fluctuating water levels in the stormwater pond and can treat highly variable flows. Plants and biofilms attached to the roots hanging beneath the floating mat play a pivotal role in FTWs. The present review encompasses the concept of FTWs, their structural designs, relevance in stormwater management, and mechanism of plant uptake for pollutant removal. The role of FTWs to remove heavy metals and nutrients is also critically analyzed. Understanding hydraulics and other parameters of FTW is vital to effective design. Hence, the role of vegetation coverage, vegetation type, sorption media, aeration frequency, and intensity, and plant density to enhance system efficiency is also highlighted. Due to their operational flexibility and environmentally friendly working with no additional burden on existing urban land use, FTWs entice broad international interest and offer a coherent solution for stormwater management. MAIN FINDINGS: The review delivers state-of-the-art analysis of the current understanding of hydraulics and other parameters of FTWs, and associated mechanisms to enhance the treatment efficiency of FTWs for nutrients and heavy metals removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozi Sharma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, J&K, India
| | - Jan Vymazal
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Piyush Malaviya
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, J&K, India.
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27
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Sun S, Gu X, Zhang M, Tang L, He S. Response mechanism of different electron donors for treating secondary effluent in ecological floating bed. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125083. [PMID: 33826983 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electron donors have been widely used to improve denitrification performance. However, it is controversial which electron donor could be chosen. In this study, three electron donors were used to improve nitrogen removal from ecological floating beds (EFBs). The results showed that TN removal efficiency was 49-80%, 46-81%, and 45-79% in EFB-C (sodium acetate), EFB-S (sodium thiosulfate), EFB-Fe (iron scraps), respectively. Nitrification was limited in EFB-C and EFB-S while denitrification in EFB-Fe. The TN removal in the three EFBs were almost equivalent when HRT was 3 days. Lowest CH4 and N2O emissions were measured in EFB-Fe. Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria were mainly concentrated in the root rhizospheres while iron cycle related and anammox bacteria were mainly concentrated on iron scraps surface. Heterotrophic denitrification and autotrophic denitrification were mainly attributed to TN removal in EFB-C and EFB-S, respectively. Autotrophic, heterotrophic denitrification and anammox contributed to TN removal in EFB-Fe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Li Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai 200031, PR China; Shanghai Landscape Architecture Design Institute , Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 20092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
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28
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Refinery wastewater treatment via a multistage enhanced biochemical process. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10282. [PMID: 33986369 PMCID: PMC8119716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum refinery wastewater (PRWW) that contains recalcitrant components as the major portion of constituents is difficult to treat by conventional biological processes. An effective and economical biological treatment process was established to treat industrial PRWW with an influent COD of over 2500 mg L−1 in this research. This process is mainly composed of internal circulation biological aerated filter (ICBAF), hydrolysis acidfication (HA), two anaerobic–aerobic (A/O) units, a membrane biological reactor (MBR), and ozone-activated carbon (O3-AC) units. The results showed that, overall, this system removed over 94% of the COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and phosphorus in the influent, with the ICBAF unit accounting for 54.6% of COD removal and 83.6% of BOD5 removal, and the two A/O units accounting for 33.3% of COD removal and 9.4% of BOD5 removal. The degradation processes of eight organic pollutants and their removal via treatment were also analyzed. Furthermore, 26 bacteria were identified in this system, with Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria being the most dominant. Ultimately, the treatment process exhibited good performance in degrading complex organic pollutants in the PRWW.
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29
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Gaballah MS, Ismail K, Aboagye D, Ismail MM, Sobhi M, Stefanakis AI. Effect of design and operational parameters on nutrients and heavy metal removal in pilot floating treatment wetlands with Eichhornia Crassipes treating polluted lake water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25664-25678. [PMID: 33464529 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Though having an economic and ecological impact on Marriott Lake management in Egypt, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is an aquatic floating macrophyte with a known phytoremediation potential. In order to assess its remediation potential, pilot floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) with E. crassipes were built in duplicates to evaluate the removal of nutrients and heavy metals from the polluted lake water. The experimental design included units with different water depths (15, 25, and 35 cm; D15, D25, and D35, respectively) and plant coverage (90, 70, 50, and 0%; P90, P70, P50, and P0, respectively). The pilot FTWs were monitored over a 7-day operation cycle to identify the optimum combination of design (plant coverage, water depth) and operation (hydraulic retention time; HRT) parameters needed for maximum BOD5, TN, NH4-N, and TP removal. NH4-N removal reached 97.4% in the D25P50 unit after 3 days, BOD5 75% in the D15P90 after 3 days, TN 82% in the D25P70 after 4 days, and TP 84.2% in the D35P70 after 4 days. The open-water evaporation rate was higher than the evapotranspiration rate in the planted units, probably due to the warm climate of the study area. Metals were also sufficiently removed through bioaccumulation in plant tissues in the order of Fe > Pb > Cu > Ni (62.5%, 88.9%, 81.7%, and 80.4% for D25P50, D25P70, D25P50, and D25P90, respectively), while most of the assimilated metal mass was translocated to the plant roots. The biochemical composition of the plant tissue was significantly different between the shoot and root parts. Overall, the FTW with 70% E. crassipes coverage, 25-cm water depth, and an HRT of 3-5 days was identified as the optimum design for effective remediation of the polluted Marriott Lake in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Gaballah
- Marine Environment Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, 21556, Egypt.
- College of Engineering (Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Khiary Ismail
- Agricultural and Bio-system Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dominic Aboagye
- College of Engineering (Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Mona M Ismail
- Marine Environment Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, 21556, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Sobhi
- Agricultural and Bio-system Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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30
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Nsenga Kumwimba M, Batool A, Li X. How to enhance the purification performance of traditional floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) at low temperatures: Strengthening strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 766:142608. [PMID: 33082049 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of freshwaters poses a major threat to water quality and human health and thus, nutrients have been targeted for mitigation. One such control measure is floating treatment wetlands (FTWs), which are designed to employ vigorous macrophytes above the water surface and extensive plant root system below the water surface to increase plant uptake of nutrients. The efficacy of FTWs in purifying different water systems has been widely studied and reviewed, but most studies have been performed in warm periods when FTW macrophytes are actively growing. In low-temperature conditions, the metabolic processes of macrophytes and microbial activity are usually weakened or reduced by the winter months and are not actively assimilating pollutants. These circumstances hamper the purification ability of FTWs to perform as designed. Furthermore, decayed macrophytes could release pollutants into the water column. Hence, this paper aimed to systematically summarize strategies for use of enhanced FTWs in eutrophic water improvement at low temperature and identify future directions to be addressed in intensifying FTW performance in low-temperature conditions. Low-temperature FTW show variable nutrient removal efficiencies ranging from 22% to 98%. Current amendments to enhance FTW purification performance, ranging from direct strategies for internal components to indirect enhancement of external operation environments encourage the FTW efficacy to some extent. However, the sustainability and sufficiency of water purification efficiency remain a great challenge. Keeping in mind the need for optimizing the FTW components and dealing with high organic and inorganic chemicals, future research should be carried out at the large field-scale and focus on macrophyte- benthos- microorganism synergistic enhancement, breeding of cold-tolerant macrophytes, and combination of FTWs with many strategies, as well as rational design and operational approaches under cold conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nsenga Kumwimba
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Faculty of Agronomy, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ammara Batool
- National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Xuyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Qin S, Zhang X, He S, Huang J. Improvement of nitrogen removal with iron scraps in floating treatment wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:17878-17890. [PMID: 33398766 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetland (FTW) in restoration of low C/N ratio wastewater was deemed to a frequently used method. However, the nitrate removal performance in floating beds was limited due to insufficient organic carbon sources. Iron scraps as a potential electron donor was beneficial to the NO3--N reduction. To research the removal performance and mechanism of denitrification in FTW with iron scraps, FTW with Iris pseudacorus was built, and iron scraps were added as an electron donor to improve nitrogen removal efficiency. The batch experimental results demonstrated that the proper mass ratio of iron scraps to NO3--N was 500:1. With iron scraps, the NO3--N removal efficiency of FTW and control system increased significantly to 98.04% and 44.42% respectively in 2 weeks, while there was no obvious influence on the removal of NH4+-N. After adding iron scraps, the proportion of bacteria in the systems related to iron cycle and the relative abundance of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria have increased obviously. By calculating the nitrogen balance, nitrogen reduction via plant uptake accounted for 8.79%, and the microbial denitrification was the main nitrogen removal pathway in FTW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Qin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
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Li H, Li Y, Guo J, Song Y, Hou Y, Lu C, Han Y, Shen X, Liu B. Effect of calcinated pyrite on simultaneous ammonia, nitrate and phosphorus removal in the BAF system and the Fe 2+ regulatory mechanisms: Electron transfer and biofilm properties. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 194:110708. [PMID: 33428914 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus from secondary effluent with low values of COD/TN, a novel biological aerated filter (BAF) utilizing calcined pyrite with a large specific surface area (SSA) and pore diameter (PD) was designed to address this challenge. From the perspective of nutrients removal performance, and the corresponding effluent total nitrogen (TN) and PO43--P in the calcined pyrite autotrophic denitrification (CPAD) process decreased from 40.21 to 1.07 mg/L to 1.22 and 0.14 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the nutrients removal kinetics analysis showed that the CPAD and pyrite autotrophic denitrification (PAD) processes could be fitted with Half-order and Zero-order reactions via kinetics analysis, respectively, indicating that the TN removal performance of CPAD processes was better than that of the PAD process. Moreover, CPAD combined with sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) processes was fitted by First-order reaction, and the TN removal performance was further enhanced over the CPAD process. From the perspective of microregulation, Fe2+ production in the PAD and CPAD processes could accelerate the electron transfer rate by increasing electron transport system activity (ETSA) and reducing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Moreover, Fe2+ stimulated microbes to produce more proteins (PN) and C10-HSL, which improved biofilm stability and interspecific communication processes. Notably, nitrifiers and autotrophic denitrifiers were simultaneously enriched via detection of high-throughput sequencing of 16 S rRNA genes, which verified the feasibility of simultaneous nitrification and autotrophic denitrification. Therefore, BAF with calcined pyrite and sulfur as composite fillers have a considerable advantage in nutrients removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Yaofeng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin, 300384, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Yanan Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Caicai Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Yi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, PR China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Dongguan Taiteng Environmental Protection Material Technology Co., Ltd, Huanchang South Road 435#, Dongguan, 523000, PR China
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Agronomic and Environmental Performance of Lemnaminor Cultivated on Agricultural Wastewater Streams—A Practical Approach. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13031570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of Lemna minor to valorise agricultural wastewater in protein-rich feed material in order to meet the growing demand for animal feed protein and reduce the excess of nutrients in certain European regions. For this purpose, three pilot-scale systems were monitored for 175 days under outdoor conditions in Flanders. The systems were fed with the effluent of aquaculture (pikeperch production—PP), a mixture of diluted pig manure wastewater (PM), and a synthetic medium (SM). PM showed the highest productivity (6.1 ± 2.5 g DW m−2 d−1) and N uptake (327 ± 107 mg N m−2 d−1). PP yielded a similar productivity and both wastewaters resulted in higher productivities than SM. Furthermore, all media showed similar P uptake rates (65–70 P m−2 d−1). Finally, duckweed had a beneficial amino acid composition for humans (essential amino acid index = 1.1), broilers and pigs. This study also showed that the growing medium had more influence on the productivity of duckweed than on its amino acid composition or protein content, with the latter being only slightly affected by the different media studied. Overall, these results demonstrate that duckweed can effectively remove nutrients from agriculture wastewaters while producing quality protein.
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Sun S, Gu X, Zhang M, Tang L, He S, Huang J. Biological iron nitrogen cycle in ecological floating bed: Nitrogen removal improvement and nitrous oxide emission reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115842. [PMID: 33120338 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ecological floating beds (EFBs) have become a superior method for treating secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plant. However, insufficient electron donor limited its denitrification efficiency. Iron scraps from lathe cutting waste consist of more than 95% iron could be used as electron donors to enhance denitrification. In this study, EFBs with and without iron scraps supplementation (EFB-Fe and EFB, respectively) were conducted to explore the impacts of iron scraps addition on nitrogen removal, nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and microbial communities. Results showed the total nitrogen (TN) removal in EFB-Fe improved to 79% while that in EFB was 56%. N2O emission was 0-6.20 mg m-2 d-1 (EFB-Fe) and 1.74-15.2 mg m-2 d-1 (EFB). Iron scraps could not only improve nitrogen removal efficiency, but also reduce N2O emissions. In addition, high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that adding iron scraps could improve the sum of denitrification related genera, among which Novosphingobium accounted for the highest proportion (6.75% of PFe1, 4.24% of PFe2, 3.18% of PFe3). Iron-oxidizing bacteria and iron-respiring bacteria associated with and nitrate reducing bacteria mainly concentrated on the surface of iron scraps. Principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) indicated that iron scraps were the key factor affecting microbial community composition. The mechanism of iron scraps enhanced nitrogen removal was realized by enhanced biological denitrification process. Iron release dynamic from iron scraps was detected in bench-scale experiment and the electron transfer mechanism was that Fe0 transferred electrons directly to NO3--N, and biological iron nitrogen cycle occurred in EFB-Fe without secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Li Tang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Shanghai Landscape Architecture Design Institute, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 20092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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Gu X, Chen D, Wu F, He S, Huang J. Recycled utilization of Iris pseudacorus in constructed wetlands: Litters self-consumption and nitrogen removal improvement. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127863. [PMID: 32768758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic plants litters from constructed wetlands might become pollutants without proper treatment. Due to its high carbon and low nitrogen contained, Iris pseudacorus litters have potential to be used as carbon source to enhance denitrification process in advanced treatments of secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants. This study investigated the characteristics of carbon release form Iris pseudacorus litters and its performance on enhancement of nitrogen removal. The batch experiment showed that the organic carbon release process can be simulated by combining dissolution and hydrolysis process, and it was found that dissolved organic matters mainly consisted of 60% sugar and 35% humic acid-like compounds from the neutral detergent solution and hemicellulose of litters. The long-term operation of lab-scale constructed wetlands revealed a high nitrogen removal of 78.81-90.39% in treating the synthetic wastewater treatment plants effluent with the equivalent dosage of 25-150 g litters m-2 d-1. Furthermore, it is possible to establish an Iris pseudacorus self-consumed constructed wetland to reuse all of the litters produced during the operation. These findings can contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of carbon release from Iris pseudacorus litters and recycled utilization of plant biomass in the constructed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Danyue Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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Zhou Y, Li R, Guo B, Zhang L, Zhang H, Xia S, Liu Y. Three-dimension oxygen gradient induced low energy input for grey water treatment in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110124. [PMID: 32835683 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Grey water (GW) containing high levels of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) can be a threat to human health and organisms in the environment if not treated properly. Although aerobic treatment could achieve high organics removal efficiency, conventional aeration can lead to serious foaming and energy waste. Here, we systematically evaluated an oxygen based membrane biofilm reactor (O2-MBfR) for its capacity to simultaneously remove organics and nitrogen from GW. The dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration inside the reactor was maintained at 0.4 mg/L by gradually controlling the lumen air pressure. Results showed that the O2-MBfR achieved high removal efficiency of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD), total linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) and total nitrogen (TN) of 89.7%, 99.1% and 78.1%, respectively, with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 7.5 h. Lower HRT (7.0 h) led to the accumulation of LAS in the biofilm, which caused cell lysis and damaged the O2-MBfR system, leading to a discernible and continuous decline of the reactor performance. The O2-MBfR design completely eliminated foaming formation and the three-dimension oxygen gradient design led to low air pressure inside the membrane fiber, which enabled the high removal efficiency for both organics and nitrogen with low energy input and GW treatment cost, providing the fundamental knowledge for practical application of O2-MBfR in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Ran Li
- College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, 710065, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bing Guo
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Lei Zhang
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Huixin Zhang
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yang Liu
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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Li M, Duan R, Hao W, Li Q, Arslan M, Liu P, Qi X, Huang X, El-Din MG, Liang P. High-rate nitrogen removal from carbon limited wastewater using sulfur-based constructed wetland: Impact of sulfur sources. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140969. [PMID: 32721681 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the application of sulfur-based constructed wetlands (CWs) for effective nitrogen (N) removal from wastewater. Two solid sulfur sources namely elemental sulfur (S0) and pyrite (FeS2) were used as substrates in two CWs, i.e. S-CW and P-CW, respectively. The CWs were vegetated with a common wetland plant Iris pseudacorus, and were operated to investigate the effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and temperature on N removal. The use of S0 resulted in the highest denitrification rate (19.0 ± 7.5 g m-2 d-1), whereas up to 20 times slower total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal was observed with FeS2. Different sulfur sources had negligible effects on the growth of I. pseudacorus, but the element contents (e.g., N, S, and P) within the plant tissues were different. Iris roots in S-CW had higher S content compared with those in P-CW, which resulted in the difference in shoots colors. The characteristics of rhizospheric microbial communities were closely related to the sulfur and nitrogen sources. Briefly, denitrifying and sulfur-oxidizing genera (e.g., Denitratisoma, Sulfurimonas, Thiobacillus) were dominating in the S-CW, suggesting the occurrence of both autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification processes in the wetland. On the other hand, nitrifying bacteria were more abundant (e.g. Nitrospira, Piscinibacter) in the P-CW. S0 layer and rhizosphere accounted for 99.3% of nitrogen removal and the former part most likely played important roles with a decrease in HRT. Low temperature strongly affected the rate and efficiency of denitrification but recovered to 49.2 ± 25.8% when added with 30 mg L-1 sodium acetate. This study broadens the applications of sulfur-based CWs and provides a promising management strategy for denitrification at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy Innovation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Rui Duan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy Innovation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Wen Hao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy Innovation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Qingcheng Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Panpan Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xiang Qi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Mohamed Gamal El-Din
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Peng Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China.
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Implementation of Floating Treatment Wetlands for Textile Wastewater Management: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The textile industry is one of the most chemically intensive industries, and its wastewater is comprised of harmful dyes, pigments, dissolved/suspended solids, and heavy metals. The treatment of textile wastewater has become a necessary task before discharge into the environment. The textile effluent can be treated by conventional methods, however, the limitations of these techniques are high cost, incomplete removal, and production of concentrated sludge. This review illustrates recent knowledge about the application of floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) for remediation of textile wastewater. The FTWs system is a potential alternative technology for textile wastewater treatment. FTWs efficiently removed the dyes, pigments, organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals, and other pollutants from the textile effluent. Plants and bacteria are essential components of FTWs, which contribute to the pollutant removal process through their physical effects and metabolic process. Plants species with extensive roots structure and large biomass are recommended for vegetation on floating mats. The pollutant removal efficiency can be enhanced by the right selection of plants, managing plant coverage, improving aeration, and inoculation by specific bacterial strains. The proper installation and maintenance practices can further enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and aesthetic value of the FTWs. Further research is suggested to develop guidelines for the selection of right plants and bacterial strains for the efficient remediation of textile effluent by FTWs at large scales.
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Role of Microorganisms in the Remediation of Wastewater in Floating Treatment Wetlands: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article provides useful information for understanding the specific role of microbes in the pollutant removal process in floating treatment wetlands (FTWs). The current literature is collected and organized to provide an insight into the specific role of microbes toward plants and pollutants. Several aspects are discussed, such as important components of FTWs, common bacterial species, rhizospheric and endophytes bacteria, and their specific role in the pollutant removal process. The roots of plants release oxygen and exudates, which act as a substrate for microbial growth. The bacteria attach themselves to the roots and form biofilms to get nutrients from the plants. Along the plants, the microbial community also influences the performance of FTWs. The bacterial community contributes to the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, toxic metals, hydrocarbon, and organic compounds. Plant–microbe interaction breaks down complex compounds into simple nutrients, mobilizes metal ions, and increases the uptake of pollutants by plants. The inoculation of the roots of plants with acclimatized microbes may improve the phytoremediation potential of FTWs. The bacteria also encourage plant growth and the bioavailability of toxic pollutants and can alleviate metal toxicity.
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Mehrani MJ, Sobotka D, Kowal P, Ciesielski S, Makinia J. The occurrence and role of Nitrospira in nitrogen removal systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 303:122936. [PMID: 32059161 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Application of the modern microbial techniques changed the paradigm about the microorganisms performing nitrification. Numerous investigations recognized representatives of the genus Nitrospira as a key and predominant nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in biological nutrient removal systems, especially under low dissolved oxygen and substrate conditions. The recent discovery of Nitrospira capable of performing complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) raised a fundamental question about the actual role of Nitrospira in both nitrification steps. This review summarizes the current knowledge about morphological, physiological and genetic characteristics of the canonical and comammox Nitrospira. Potential implications of comammox for the functional aspects of nitrogen removal have been highlighted. The complex meta-analysis of literature data was applied to identify specific individual variables and their combined interactions on the Nitrospira abundance. In addition to dissolved oxygen and influent nitrogen concentrations, temperature and pH may play an important role in enhancing or suppressing the Nitrospira activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad-Javad Mehrani
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominika Sobotka
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Kowal
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ciesielski
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Sloneczna 45G, 10-709 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Makinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
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Colares GS, Dell'Osbel N, Wiesel PG, Oliveira GA, Lemos PHZ, da Silva FP, Lutterbeck CA, Kist LT, Machado ÊL. Floating treatment wetlands: A review and bibliometric analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136776. [PMID: 31991269 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) have attained tremendous popularity for water purification purposes. Through this phyto-technology, naturally occurring macrophytes are allowed to grow on the water surface on a buoyant raft or a rigid support, keeping the plant roots permanently in contact with the water and removing pollutants via several processes. The objective of this study was to review studies that have developed FTWs and to perform a bibliometric analysis using three keywords: "Floating", "Treatment" and "Wetlands". From bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software and the Web of Science database, it was possible to verify the number of publications over the years and the countries and authors with the most published articles on these systems and other related terms. Subsequently, a review was performed on the main mechanisms of pollutant removal by FTWs as well as experiences and recommendations for major design and operating aspects for their application, such as water depth, hydraulic retention time (HRT), floating mat, water surface coverage, artificial aeration, plant selection and pruning or harvesting. It was verified that FTWs are a potential technology for treating several wastewater types and water remediation under different conditions. Even with the increasing number of publications in recent years, many design and operation aspects related to system performance still demand more research in order to better understand the relations between macrophytes and other pollutant removal mechanisms and to thereby improve the treatment efficiency of FTW systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo S Colares
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Naira Dell'Osbel
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Patrik G Wiesel
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Gislayne A Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av, Bento Gonçalves, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Z Lemos
- Industrial Chemistry Program, Chemistry Department, University of Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Fagner P da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Lutterbeck
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Lourdes T Kist
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Ênio L Machado
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul 96815-900, Brazil.
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Sun S, Liu J, Zhang M, He S. Thiosulfate-driven autotrophic and mixotrophic denitrification processes for secondary effluent treatment: Reducing sulfate production and nitrous oxide emission. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 300:122651. [PMID: 31887578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Three ecological floating beds (EFBs) with different additional electron donors including sodium thiosulfate, mixed electron donors of sodium thiosulfate and sodium acetate and without additional electron donors were established to compare the differences of nitrogen removal efficiency, nitrous oxide emission, microbial community and functional gene between autotrophic and mixotrophic denitrification. Results showed denitrification efficiency was nearly 100% in both autotrophic and mixotrophic process when electron donors were sufficient while that ranged from 4 to 43% without additional electron donors. Sodium acetate addition could effectively decrease sulfate concentration in effluent and nitrogen oxide flux. In addition, high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed autotrophic denitrifying bacteria were dominant in autotrophic denitrification while autotrophic, facultative and heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria coexisted in mixotrophic denitrification, and there was no dominant genus. For EFB with mixed external autotrophic and heterotrophic electron donors, it can not only achieve better denitrification efficiency, but also reduce the emission of nitrous oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Manping Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 20092, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
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43
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Song J, Li Q, Dzakpasu M, Wang XC, Chang N. Integrating stereo-elastic packing into ecological floating bed for enhanced denitrification in landscape water. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122601. [PMID: 31874787 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of stereo-elastic packing, as additional bio-carriers, on nitrogen removal in enhanced ecological floating beds (EFBs) are evaluated. Enhanced EFBs with additional stereo-elastic packing was demonstrated to enhance maximum TN removal efficiency (65.8%) over that of EFBs with plant and ceramisite only (54.9%). Performance enhancement was attributable to a 40.6% increase in sediment N accretion and intensification of denitrification by biomass on other carriers in the presence of stereo-elastic packing. Nonetheless, nitrogen uptake by plants was inhibited slightly. Stereo-elastic packing intensified denitrification rates on plant roots and ceramisite by increasing the attached biomass and enhancing the biomass activity, albeit to different extents. The increase in denitrification rate on plant root by 25.7% was significantly higher than that of 4.6% on ceramisite via increased NO2-N removal. Moreover, bacterial diversity on the carriers was significantly altered, and the enrichment of genera such as Aridibacter, Hyphomicrobium and Gemmobacter promoted denitrification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi, China; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Qian Li
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi, China; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Mawuli Dzakpasu
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi, China; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi, China; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Nini Chang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi, China; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
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Du R, Cao S, Li X, Wang J, Peng Y. Efficient partial-denitrification/anammox (PD/A) process through gas-mixing strategy: System evaluation and microbial analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 300:122675. [PMID: 31901775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Partial denitrification (PD, NO3--N → NO2--N) provides a promising opportunity for anammox application in wastewater nitrogen removal. In this study, a continuous-flow PD/Anammox (PD/A) process operated with a novel gas mixing was reported in an up-flow anaerobic bed reactor. A high nitrogen removal rate of 2.42 kgN/(m3∙d) was achieved at a relatively short hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 0.5 h with both influent NH4+-N and NO3--N of 30 mg/L. Sludge floatation was eliminated by mixing with gas of the reactor due to an efficiently improved mass transfer. Further optimization of gas flowrates at high NLR could avoid the overproduction of tight-bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) and benefit sludge stability. Functional microorganisms of PD and anammox were effectively retained, and Zoogloea affecting sludge settleability kept increasing throughout the operation. This study clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of gas mixing strategy for a high-rate continuous-flow PD/A process with stable nitrogen removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shenbin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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45
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Zhou Y, Guo B, Zhang L, Zou X, Yang S, Zhang H, Xia S, Liu Y. Anaerobically digested blackwater treatment by simultaneous denitrification and anammox processes: Feeding loading affects reactor performance and microbial community succession. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125101. [PMID: 31683431 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Source diverted blackwater collected from toilets can be anaerobically digested to recover energy. The anaerobically digested blackwater (ADB) contains high levels of ammonium and low carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio. In the present study, ADB was treated by a two-stage nitritation-denitrification/anammox process in an integrated fixed film activated sludge-continuous flow reactor (IFAS-CFR). NH4+-N, NO2--N, total nitrogen (TN), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies were 80%, 82%, 76%, and 78%, respectively. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and denitrification contributed to 44-48%, and 52-56% of total nitrogen removal, respectively. Both of the protein- and humic acid-like matters were removed during the process. An increase in feed load promoted the sustained growth of anammox bacteria-Candidatus Brocadia in the biofilm, as well as an increase of denitrifiers (Pseudomonas, Thermotonus, Phodanobacter, Caulobacter) in both biofilm and suspended biomass, which remained higher in the suspended biomass than in biofilm. Overall, biofilm had higher nitrogen removal efficiency than suspended biomass, while suspended biomass had a higher COD removal efficiency than biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Bing Guo
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Lei Zhang
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xin Zou
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Sen Yang
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Huixin Zhang
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Siqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yang Liu
- University of Alberta, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada.
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46
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Schwammberger PF, Yule CM, Tindale NW. Rapid plant responses following relocation of a constructed floating wetland from a construction site into an urban stormwater retention pond. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134372. [PMID: 31683220 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study compared plant growth, nutrient partitioning and total nutrient uptake by tall sedge (Carex appressa) plants in large-scale Constructed Floating Wetlands (CFWs). Two CFWs with a total area of 2088 m2 were installed in a 2.6 ha man-made urban lake to treat stormwater runoff during the construction phase of a 45-ha residential development. After 12 months of operation, parts of the CFWs, with a total area of 147 m2, were removed from the urban lake and relocated into a well-established 0.127-ha stormwater retention pond at another site. Biomass and nutrient concentrations of C. appressa shoots above the floating mat and roots below the mat were analysed at both sites 12, 16 and 25 months after initial planting. Plants at the urban lake maintained an extensive root network but there was no increase in total plant biomass at 16 and 25 months after planting. In contrast, the relocated plants in the stormwater pond showed extensive shoot growth but a significant decline in root biomass. C. appressa at the urban lake removed and sequestered 1.00 ± 1.04 g m-2 N, 0.11 ± 0.07 g m-2 P and 1.03 ± 0.81 g m-2 K while plants at the pond removed 11.20 ± 2.29 g m-2 N, 1.37 ± 0.26 g m-2 P and 16.13 ± 2.88 g m-2 K during 12 and 25 months after planting. This study demonstrated that C. appressa adapted rapidly to changes in nutrient availability. The implications are interesting as nutrient levels can be low in constructed lakes during the initial phase of urban developments but can increase rapidly as the development progresses. The study demonstrated multiple benefits of CFWs for stormwater treatment during the early construction stages of an urban development and the potential benefits of relocating and establishing CFWs in existing stormwater retention ponds and lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F Schwammberger
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia.
| | - Catherine M Yule
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Neil W Tindale
- School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia
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Li Y, Guo J, Li H, Song Y, Chen Z, Lu C, Han Y, Hou Y. Effect of dissolved oxygen on simultaneous removal of ammonia, nitrate and phosphorus via biological aerated filter with sulfur and pyrite as composite fillers. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122340. [PMID: 31704601 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A biological aerated filter (BAF) with sulfur and pyrite as fillers were structured to simultaneously remove NH4+-N, NO3--N and PO43--P from secondary effluent. When dissolved oxygen (DO) was 1.2-1.5 mg/L, effluent concentration of NH4+-N, NO3--N and PO43--P were below 0.65, 0.47 and 0.18 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile, Fe2+ production via decomposing pyrite could improve autotrophic denitrification performance. Besides, sulfur and pyrite autotrophic denitrification process (PAD and SAD) aligned with the Zero-order and First-order kinetics models, respectively, indicating that the sulfur had excellent capability of providing electron. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the nitrogen removal performance and protein-like substances in extracellular polymeric substances. Bacterial community analysis suggested the nitrifiers and autotrophic denitrifiers were simultaneously enriched. Principal component analysis indicated that the DO concentration and type of electron donors impacted bacterial community. Consequently, BAF combined with PAD and SAD processes provides an alternative method to remove nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofeng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Jianbo Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
| | - Haibo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd. W. Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Caicai Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Yanan Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26#, Tianjin 300384, PR China
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48
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Li H, Liu F, Luo P, Chen X, Chen J, Huang Z, Peng J, Xiao R, Wu J. Stimulation of optimized influent C:N ratios on nitrogen removal in surface flow constructed wetlands: Performance and microbial mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133575. [PMID: 31756813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exploring optimal C:N ratio is necessary to ensure balanced microbial nitrification and denitrification in constructed wetlands (CWs), which has become an important management practice for more efficient nitrogen removal and sustainability of CWs. Surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) vegetated with Myriophyllum aquaticum were designed to investigate the effects of five different influent C:N ratios (0:1, 2.5:1, 5:1, 10:1, and 15:1) on nitrogen removal performance and microbial communities over a 175-day experimental period. Compared to the influent C:N ratios of 0:1, higher NH4+-N, NO3--N, and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies and lower NO3--N accumulation were observed at influent C:N ratios higher than 5:1. In addition, the highest TN removal efficiency (70.4%) and the lowest nitrous oxide emission flux (4.12 mg m-2 d-1) were obtained at the influent C:N ratio of 5:1. High-throughput sequencing revealed that influent C:N ratios altered the distribution and composition of microbial communities in the sediment, which resulted in a dynamic interplay between N-transforming functional microbes and NH4+-N and NO3--N removal. In particular, the dominant denitrifiers, including Desulfovibrio, Zoogloea, and Dechloromonas, were more abundant in the sediment with an influent C:N ratio of 5:1, which contributed to the high N removal rate. These findings may be used to screen for an optimum influent C:N ratio to maintain the sustainability of SFCWs with higher N removal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China.
| | - Pei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China
| | - Junli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhenrong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jianwei Peng
- College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Runlin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China
| | - Jinshui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China
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Liu Z, Liu Q, Qi X, Li Y, Zhou G, Dai M, Miao M, Kong Q. Evolution and resistance of a microbial community exposed to Pb(II) wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133722. [PMID: 31401502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the treatment performance of activated sludge on Pb(II)-containing wastewater, including contaminant removal efficiency, extracellular polymeric substances, pbrT gene content and the microbial community. The average removal efficiencies of ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and Pb(II) were 40% ± 4%, 91% ± 3%, 95% ± 3%, 51% ± 5% and 92% ± 9% during the stable operation stage, respectively. Moreover, the extracellular polymeric substance -protein contents increased significantly from day 0 to day 60 (p < 0.05). The most abundant fluorescent component in extracellular polymeric substances was a humic acid-like substance, and its fluorescence intensity increased significantly from day 0 to day 60 (p < 0.05). Adsorption of negatively charged organic functional groups in extracellular polymeric substances was identified as a major component of the removal of Pb(II). Most of the denitrifying bacteria associated with nitrogen removal showed an increasing trend during the acclimation stage, which may have resulted in high total nitrogen removal efficiency. In addition, pbrT uptake protein was found to be responsible for the uptake of Pb(II) into cells. The abundance of the pbrT gene showed a downward trend (p < 0.05) after adding Pb(II), probably because expression of the pbrT gene was inhibited under Pb(II) stress. Sphingopyxis containing the pbrT gene was the dominant resistance genus, and its relative abundance increased significantly (p < 0.05) from day 0 to day 60. This study provided a theoretical basis for the treatment of Pb(II)-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaosheng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China; Editorial Office of China's Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China; College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Qi
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Yexuan Li
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China; College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guangqing Zhou
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China; College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Meixue Dai
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mingsheng Miao
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 Wenhua Donglu, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qiang Kong
- College of Geography and Environment, Collaborative Innovation Center of Human-Nature and Green Development in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
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50
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Samal K, Kar S, Trivedi S. Ecological floating bed (EFB) for decontamination of polluted water bodies: Design, mechanism and performance. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 251:109550. [PMID: 31539700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide water quality is degrading and most of the water bodies are now being contaminated by heavy load of pollutants from various industries. Aquatic ecosystems are also disrupted affecting various flora and fauna adversely. Water bodies dominated with aquatic plants have high yielding capacity. These plants are capable of high nutrient accumulation and creating favorable condition in rhizosphere for microbial organic degradation, which can be applied in the restoration process of polluted lakes, natural streams and wetlands, etc. Ecological Floating Bed (EFB) is designed by using aquatic plants, floating like mat on the surface of water. The plant roots hang beneath the floating mat and provide a large surface area for biofilm growth. This paper reviewed the EFB concept, structure, mechanisms and functions. Screening of suitable macrophyte species, involvement of biofilm in organic removal process and necessity of growth media have been discussed briefly. Apart from this, effect of depth, buoyancy, vegetation coverage ratio are also represented. Detail mechanisms of oxygen transfer from top to bottom of water biomass have been well analyzed. Various pollutants present in wastewater like organics, solids, nitrogen, phosphorous, heavy metals etc. and their removal mechanism have also mentioned. Again biomass needs to be harvested in regular interval, else the absorbed nutrients may re-enter to the water body. Overall, EFB is an efficient and effective wastewater treatment technology and further research is necessary for its better utilization. Finally, based on reviews, recommendations have been made for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundan Samal
- School of Civil Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology-Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India.
| | - Soham Kar
- School of Civil Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology-Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Shivanshi Trivedi
- School of Civil Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology-Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
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