1
|
De Souza TPP, Cantão LXS, Rodrigues MQRB, Gonçalves DB, Nagem RAP, Rocha REO, Godoi RR, Lima WJN, Galdino AS, Minardi RCDM, Lima LHFD. Glycosylation and charge distribution orchestrates the conformational ensembles of a biotechnologically promissory phytase in different pHs - a computational study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:5030-5041. [PMID: 37325852 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2223685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytases [myo-inositol(1,2,3,4,5,6) hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolases] are phytate-specific phosphatases not present in monogastric animals. Nevertheless, they are an essential supplement to feeding such animals and for human special diets. It is crucial, hence, the biotechnological use of phytases with intrinsic stability and activity at the acid pHs from gastric environments. Here we use Metadynamics (METADY) simulations to probe the conformational space of the Aspergillus nidulans phytase and the differential effects of pH and glycosylation in this same space. The results suggest that strategic combinations of pH and glycosylation affect the stability of native-like conformations and alternate these structures from a metastable to a stable profile. Furthermore, the protein segments previously reported as more thermosensitive in phytases from this family present a pivotal role in the conformational changes at different conditions, especially H2, H5-7, L8, L10, L12, and L17. Also, the glycosylations and the pH-dependent charge balance modulate the mobility and interactions at these same regions, with consequences for the surface solvation and active site exposition. Finally, although the glycosylations have stabilized the native structure and improved the substrate docking at all the studied pHs, the data suggest a higher phytate receptivity at catalytic poses for the unglycosylated structure at pH 6.5 and the glycosylated one at pH 4.5. This behavior agrees with the exact change in optimum pH reported for this enzyme, expressed on low or high glycosylating systems. We hope the results and insights presented here will be helpful in future approaches for rational engineering of technologically promising phytases and intelligent planning of their heterologous expression systems and conditions for use.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaís P P De Souza
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia Xavier Silva Cantão
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems (LBS), Department Of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Bonoto Gonçalves
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, São João Del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Alves Pinto Nagem
- Institute of Biological Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Eduardo Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems (LBS), Department Of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Laboratory Of Molecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Department of Exacts and Biological Sciences (DECEB), Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renato Ramos Godoi
- Institute of Biological Sciences Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - William James Nogueira Lima
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Regional de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel Cardoso de Melo Minardi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Systems (LBS), Department Of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Henrique França de Lima
- Laboratory Of Molecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Department of Exacts and Biological Sciences (DECEB), Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jlali M, Hincelin C, Torrallardona D, Rougier T, Ceccantini M, Ozbek S, Preynat A, Devillard E. A New Biosynthetic 6-Phytase Added at 500 Phytase Unit/kg Diet Improves Growth Performance, Bone Mineralization, and Nutrient Digestibility and Retention in Weaned Piglets and Growing-Finishing Pigs. Vet Sci 2024; 11:250. [PMID: 38921997 PMCID: PMC11209098 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of a biosynthetic 6-phytase added at 500 phytase unit (FTU)/kg diet on growth performance, bone mineralization, and nutrient digestibility and retention in weaned piglets and growing-finishing pigs. Experiments were performed on 90 weaned male and female piglets with an average initial body weight (BW) at 7.7 ± 0.73 kg, 26 days of age) and 300 male and female growing pigs (initial BW: 21.0 ± 3.44 kg) for 43 and 98 days in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. In each experiment, the animals were assigned to one of three treatments according to a randomized complete block design. The treatments consisted of a positive-control (PC) diet formulated to meet nutrient requirements; a negative-control (NC) diet reduced similarly in calcium (Ca) and digestible P by 0.15 and 0.12% points in phases 1 and 2, respectively, in piglets and by 0.14, 0.11, and 0.10% points, respectively, in phases 1, 2, and 3 in growing-finishing pigs, compared with PC diet; and a NC diet supplemented with the new 6-phytase at 500 FTU/kg diet (PHY). The dietary P and Ca depletion reduced (p < 0.05) the final BW (-11.9%; -7.8%,), average daily gain (ADG, -17.8%; -10.1%), average daily feed intake (ADFI, -9.9%; -6.0%), gain-to-feed (G:F) ratio (-8.9%; -4.6%), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of P (-7.7% points; -6.7% points) in nursery piglets and growing pigs, respectively. It also decreased (p < 0.001) P and Ca retention by 6.1 and 9.4% points, respectively, in nursery pigs and ash, P, and Ca contents in metacarpal bones by 18.4, 18.4, and 16.8%, respectively, in growing pigs. Compared to animals fed the NC diet, phytase supplementation improved (p < 0.001) the final BW (+7.7%; +11.3%), ADG (+12.5%; +15.0%), G:F ratio (+8.4%; +5.8%), ATTD of Ca (+10.8% points; +7.2% points), and ATTD of P (+18.7% points; +16.6% points) in weaned piglets and growing pigs, respectively. In addition, phytase also increased (p < 0.001) P and Ca retention by 6.1 and 9.4% points, respectively, in nursery pigs and ash, P, and Ca contents in metacarpal bones by 17.7, 15.0, and 15.2%, respectively, in growing pigs. The final BW, ADG, G:F ratio, and bone traits in animals fed the NC diet supplemented with phytase were comparable to animals fed the PC diet. This finding indicates the ability of this novel biosynthetic phytase to restore performance and bone mineralization by improving the availability of P and Ca in piglets and growing pigs fed P- and Ca-deficient diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maamer Jlali
- Adisseo France S.A.S., European Laboratory of Innovation, Science and Expertise, 69190 Saint-Fons, Lyon, France; (T.R.); (S.O.); (E.D.)
| | | | - David Torrallardona
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Animal Nutrition, Ctra. Reus-El Morell km. 3.8, 43120 Constantí, Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Tania Rougier
- Adisseo France S.A.S., European Laboratory of Innovation, Science and Expertise, 69190 Saint-Fons, Lyon, France; (T.R.); (S.O.); (E.D.)
| | | | - Sarper Ozbek
- Adisseo France S.A.S., European Laboratory of Innovation, Science and Expertise, 69190 Saint-Fons, Lyon, France; (T.R.); (S.O.); (E.D.)
| | - Aurélie Preynat
- Adisseo France S.A.S., 92160 Antony, France; (C.H.); (M.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Estelle Devillard
- Adisseo France S.A.S., European Laboratory of Innovation, Science and Expertise, 69190 Saint-Fons, Lyon, France; (T.R.); (S.O.); (E.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gampa M, Nagar S, Kumari K, Tanwar E, Goyal S, Kumar V, Singh B. Cyclic extraction of phosphate from soybean meal using immobilized Aspergillus oryzae SBS50 phytase. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:39-55. [PMID: 37962643 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02943-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytase enzyme found in plants, animals, and microorganisms is mainly involved in catalyzing the systematic removal of a phosphate group from phytic acid. Enzyme immobilization is one of the cost-effective methods for the wide usage of enzymes in the industrial sector. This paper reports the covalent immobilization of phytase on glutaraldehyde-activated aluminum oxide beads. The immobilization yield, efficiency, and activation energy were found to be 47.8%, 71.5%, and 15.78 J/mol, respectively. The bound enzyme displayed a shift in pH optima from 5.5 to 4.5, which is more beneficial to increase digestibility in comparison with the free enzyme. Immobilized phytase retained 42.60% of its activity after 1.0 h incubation at 80 °C, whereas free enzyme retained only 4.20% of its activity. Thermodynami increase in half-lives, D-values, enthalpy and free energy change after covalent immobilization could be credited to the enhanced stability. Immobilized phytase could be reused for five consecutive cycles retaining 51% of its initial activity with sodium phytate. The immobilized phytase was also found effective to hydrolyze the soybean meal, thus increasing the digestibility of poultry feed. The hydrolyzing reaction of soybean meal was carried out for six consecutive cycles and immobilized phytase retained nearly 50% of activity till the fifth cycle. The amount of phosphorus released after treatment with immobilized phytase was far higher than that from free phytase. Immobilization on this support is significant, as this support can sustain high mechanical resistance at high pH and temperature. This considerable stability and reusability of the bound enzyme may be advantageous for its industrial application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallesh Gampa
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Sushil Nagar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India.
| | - Kajal Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Ekta Tanwar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Sakshi Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - Bijender Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Singh B, Pragya, Tiwari SK, Singh D, Kumar S, Malik V. Production of fungal phytases in solid state fermentation and potential biotechnological applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:22. [PMID: 38008864 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytases are important enzymes used for eliminating the anti-nutritional properties of phytic acid in food and feed ingredients. Phytic acid is major form of organic phosphorus stored during seed setting. Monogastric animals cannot utilize this phytate-phosphorus due to lack of necessary enzymes. Therefore, phytic acid excretion is responsible for mineral deficiency and phosphorus pollution. Phytases have been reported from diverse microorganisms, however, fungal phytases are preferred due to their unique properties. Aspergillus species are the predominant producers of phytases and have been explored widely as compared to other fungi. Solid-state fermentation has been studied as an economical process for the production of phytases to utilize various agro-industrial residues. Mixed substrate fermentation has also been reported for the production of phytases. Physical and chemical parameters including pH, temperature, and concentrations of media components have significantly affected the production of phytases in solid state fermentation. Fungi produced high levels of phytases in solid state fermentation utilizing economical substrates. Optimization of culture conditions using different approaches has significantly improved the production of phytases. Fungal phytases are histidine acid phosphatases exhibiting broad substrate specificity, are relatively thermostable and protease-resistant. These phytases have been found effective in dephytinization of food and feed samples with concomitant liberation of minerals, sugars and soluble proteins. Additionally, they have improved the growth of plants by increasing the availability of phosphorus and other minerals. Furthermore, phytases from fungi have played an important roles in bread making, semi-synthesis of peroxidase, biofuel production, production of myo-inositol phosphates and management of environmental pollution. This review article describes the production of fungal phytases in solid state fermentation and their biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bijender Singh
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India.
| | - Pragya
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Genetics, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Davender Singh
- Department of Physics, RPS Degree College, Mahendergarh, 123029, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Shobhit Institute of Engineering and Technology (Deemed to Be University), Modipurum, Meerut, 250110, UP, India
| | - Vinay Malik
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Filippovich SY, Isakova EP, Gessler NN, Deryabina YI. Advances in immobilization of phytases and their application. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 379:129030. [PMID: 37037335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The review describes the advances in the phytase immobilization for the past decade and their biotechnological applications. Different approaches for phytase immobilization are described including the process using organic and inorganic matrices and microbial cells, as well as nanostructures of various nature. Moreover, the immobilization of phytase-producing microbial cells and the use of cross-linked phytase aggregates have been under consideration. A detailed classification of various carriers for immobilization of phytases and the possibility of their applications are presented. A particular attention is drawn to a breakthrough approach of biotechnological significance to the design of microencapsulation of bacterial phytase from Obesumbacterium proteus in the recombinant extremophile of Yarrowia lipolytica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Yu Filippovich
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Elena P Isakova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Natalia N Gessler
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Yulia I Deryabina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li D, Liang G, Mu P, Lin J, Huang J, Guo C, Li Y, Lin R, Jiang J, Wu J, Deng Y, Wen J. Improvement of catalytic activity of sorbose dehydrogenase for deoxynivalenol degradation by rational design. Food Chem 2023; 423:136274. [PMID: 37159968 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is the most frequently contaminated mycotoxin in food and feed worldwide, causing significant economic losses and health risks. Physical and chemical detoxification methods are widely used, but they cannot efficiently and specifically remove DON. In the study, the combination of bioinformatics screening and experimental verification confirmed that sorbose dehydrogenase (SDH) can effectively convert DON to 3-keto-DON and a substance that removes four hydrogen atoms for DON. Through rational design, the Vmax of the mutants F103L and F103A were increased by 5 and 23 times, respectively. Furthermore, we identified catalytic sites W218 and D281. SDH and its mutants have broad application conditions, including temperature ranges of 10-45 °C and pH levels of 4-9. Additionally, the half-lives of F103A at 90 °C (processing temperature) and 30 °C (storage temperature) were 60.1 min and 100.5 d, respectively. These results suggest that F103A has significant potential in the detoxification application of DON.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Guoqiang Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Peiqiang Mu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Jinquan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Jiarun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Chongwen Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Ruqin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Jun Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Jun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Yiqun Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| | - Jikai Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mondal S, Rakhshit S, Pal K, Santra S, Goswami D, Mondal SP, Halder SK, Mondal KC. Production of glutathione from probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens KMH10 using banana peel extract. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 376:128910. [PMID: 36940875 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione, a tri-peptide (glutamate-cysteine-glycine) with the thiol group (-SH), is most efficient antioxidative agent in eukaryotic cells. The present study aimed to isolate an efficient probiotic bacterium having the potential to produce glutathione. The isolated strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens KMH10 showed antioxidative activity (77.7 ± 2.56) and several other essential probiotic attributes. Banana peel, a waste of banana fruit, is chiefly composed of hemicellulose with various minerals and amino acids. A consortium of lignocellulolytic enzyme was used for the saccharifying banana peel to produce 65.71 g/L sugar to support the optimal glutathione production of 181 ± 4.56 mg/L; i.e., 1.6 folds higher than the control. So, the studied probiotic bacteria could be an effective resource for glutathione; therefore, the stain could be used as natural therapeutics for the prevention/treatment of different inflammation-related gastric ailments and as an effective producer of glutathione using valorized banana waste that has excellent industrial relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadeep Mondal
- Centre for Life Sciences, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Shubham Rakhshit
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Kalyanbrata Pal
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Sourav Santra
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Debabrata Goswami
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Saswati Parua Mondal
- Department of Physiology, Bajkul Milani Mahavidyalaya, West Bengal 721626, India
| | - Suman Kumar Halder
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India
| | - Keshab Chandra Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore 721 102, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chi H, Zhu X, Shen J, Lu Z, Lu F, Lyu Y, Zhu P. Thermostability enhancement and insight of L-asparaginase from Mycobacterium sp. via consensus-guided engineering. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2321-2333. [PMID: 36843197 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide alleviation in food has represented as a critical issue due to its neurotoxic effect on human health. L-Asparaginase (ASNase, EC 3.5.1.1) is considered a potential additive for acrylamide alleviation in food. However, low thermal stability hinders the application of ASNase in thermal food processing. To obtain highly thermal stable ASNase for its industrial application, a consensus-guided approach combined with site-directed saturation mutation (SSM) was firstly reported to engineer the thermostability of Mycobacterium gordonae L-asparaginase (GmASNase). The key residues Gly97, Asn159, and Glu249 were identified for improving thermostability. The combinatorial triple mutant G97T/N159Y/E249Q (TYQ) displayed significantly superior thermostability with half-life values of 61.65 ± 8.69 min at 50 °C and 5.12 ± 1.66 min at 55 °C, whereas the wild-type was completely inactive at these conditions. Moreover, its Tm value increased by 8.59 °C from parent wild-type. Interestingly, TYQ still maintained excellent catalytic efficiency and specific activity. Further molecular dynamics and structure analysis revealed that the additional hydrogen bonds, increased hydrophobic interactions, and favorable electrostatic potential were essential for TYQ being in a more rigid state for thermostability enhancement. These results suggested that our strategy was an efficient engineering approach for improving fundamental properties of GmASNase and offering GmASNase as a potential agent for efficient acrylamide mitigation in food industry. KEY POINTS: • The thermostability of GmASNase was firstly improved by consensus-guided engineering. • The half-life and Tm value of triple mutant TYQ were significantly increased. • Insight on improved thermostability of TYQ was revealed by MD and structure analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huibing Chi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Juan Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yunbin Lyu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Weng Y, Wan A, Li Y, Liu Y, Chen X, Song H, Zhao CX. Scalable manufacturing of enzyme loaded alginate particles with excellent thermal and storage stability for industrial applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
|
10
|
Xing H, Wang P, Yan X, Yang Y, Li X, Liu R, Zhou Z. Thermostability enhancement of Escherichia coli phytase by error-prone polymerase chain reaction (epPCR) and site-directed mutagenesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1167530. [PMID: 37064242 PMCID: PMC10101328 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1167530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytase efficiently hydrolyzes phytate to phosphate; thus, it is widely used to increase phosphorus availability in animal feeds and reduce phosphorus pollution through excretion. Phytase is easily inactivated during feed pelleting at high temperature, and sufficient thermostability of phytase is essential for industrial applications. In this study, directed evolution was performed to enhance phytase thermostability. Variants were initially expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 for screening, then in Pichia pastoris for characterization. Over 19,000 clones were generated from an error-prone Polymerase Chain Reaction (epPCR) library; 5 mutants (G10, D7, E3, F8, and F9) were obtained with approximately 9.6%, 10.6%, 11.5%, 11.6%, and 12.2% higher residual activities than the parent after treatment at 99°C for 60 min. Three of these mutants, D7, E3, and F8, exhibited 79.8%, 73.2%, and 92.6% increases in catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km), respectively. In addition, the specific activities of D7, E3, and F8 were 2.33-, 1.98-, and 2.02-fold higher than parental phytase; they were also higher than the activities of all known thermostable phytases. Sequence analysis revealed that all mutants were substituted at residue 75 and was confirmed that the substitution of cysteine at position 75 was the main contribution to the improvement of thermostability of mutants by saturation mutagenesis, indicating that this amino acid is crucial for the stability and catalytic efficiency of phytase. Docking structure analysis revealed that substitution of the C75 residue allowed the mutants to form additional hydrogen bonds in the active pocket, thereby facilitating binding to the substrate. In addition, we confirmed that the intrinsic C77-C108 disulfide bond in E. coli phytase is detrimental to its stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongguan Xing
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Yan
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinliang Li
- CJ Youtell (Shanghai) Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liu
- CJ Youtell (Shanghai) Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhihua Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Weng Y, Li Y, Chen X, Song H, Zhao CX. Encapsulation of enzymes in food industry using spray drying: recent advances and process scale-ups. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7941-7958. [PMID: 36971126 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2193982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are widely used in the food industry due to their ability in improving the functional, sensory, and nutritional properties of food products. However, their poor stability under harsh industrial conditions and their compromised shelf-lives during long-term storage limit their applications. This review introduces typical enzymes and their functionality in the food industry and demonstrates spray drying as a promising approach for enzyme encapsulation. Recent studies on encapsulation of enzymes in the food industry using spray drying and the key achievements are summarized. The latest developments including the novel design of spray drying chambers, nozzle atomizers and advanced spray drying techniques are also analyzed and discussed in depth. In addition, the scale-up pathways connecting laboratory scale trials and industrial scale productions are illustrated, as most of the current studies have been limited to lab-scales. Enzyme encapsulation using spray drying is a versatile strategy to improve enzyme stability in an economical and industrial viable way. Various nozzle atomizers and drying chambers have recently been developed to increase process efficiency and product quality. A comprehensive understanding of the complex droplet-to-particle transformations during the drying process would be beneficial for both process optimization and scale-up design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Weng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yang Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Hao Song
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nezhad NG, Rahman RNZRA, Normi YM, Oslan SN, Shariff FM, Leow TC. Isolation, screening and molecular characterization of phytase-producing microorganisms to discover the novel phytase. Biologia (Bratisl) 2023; 78:2527-2537. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-023-01391-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
13
|
Improved enzyme thermal stability, loading and bioavailability using alginate encapsulation. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
|
14
|
RODRIGUES EJD, CARVALHO PLPFD, dos Santos XAVIER W, GUIMARÃES MG, VICENTE IST, BARROS MM, SARTORI MMP, de Magalhães PADILHA DMPADILHAP, ALARCON RT, GAGLIERI C, BANNACH G, PEZZATO LE. Plant-based polymer as a thermoresistant carrier of phytase in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
15
|
Moita VHC, Kim SW. Nutritional and Functional Roles of Phytase and Xylanase Enhancing the Intestinal Health and Growth of Nursery Pigs and Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:3322. [PMID: 36496844 PMCID: PMC9740087 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This review paper discussed the nutritional and functional roles of phytase and xylanase enhancing the intestinal and growth of nursery pigs and broiler chickens. There are different feed enzymes that are currently supplemented to feeds for nursery pigs and broiler chickens. Phytase and xylanase have been extensively studied showing consistent results especially related to enhancement of nutrient digestibility and growth performance of nursery pigs and broiler chickens. Findings from recent studies raise the hypothesis that phytase and xylanase could play functional roles beyond increasing nutrient digestibility, but also enhancing the intestinal health and positively modulating the intestinal microbiota of nursery pigs and broiler chickens. In conclusion, the supplementation of phytase and xylanase for nursery pigs and broiler chickens reaffirmed the benefits related to enhancement of nutrient digestibility and growth performance, whilst also playing functional roles benefiting the intestinal microbiota and reducing the intestinal oxidative damages. As a result, it could contribute to a reduction in the feed costs by allowing the use of a wider range of feedstuffs without compromising the optimal performance of the animals, as well as the environmental concerns associated with a poor hydrolysis of antinutritional factors present in the diets for swine and poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Impacts and Industrial Applications of Phytic Acid and Phytase. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.4.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid is an antinutritional compound that chelates P and essential divalent cations such as Fe, Ca, and Zn in cereals and major staple crops such as wheat, maize, rice, and sorghum. As a result, these cations cannot be absorbed by monogastric animals or humans: phytic acid has an inhibitory effect on nutrient uptake and its levels are negatively correlated with protein and starch digestibility. However, phytic acid can be degraded by the action of the enzyme phytase. Phytase plays important roles in the degradation of phytic acid and in increasing the nutritional quality of staple foods. Microbial phytase is a versatile enzyme that is beneficial for humans, animals, the environment, and the industry. In this review, we summarise the interaction of phytic acid with micronutrients, various approaches to enhancing the nutritional profile of staple foods by reducing the phytic acid content, and current knowledge of microbial-based phytase as a potential reducer of phytic acid.
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou Y, Anoopkumar AN, Tarafdar A, Madhavan A, Binoop M, Lakshmi NM, B AK, Sindhu R, Binod P, Sirohi R, Pandey A, Zhang Z, Awasthi MK. Microbial engineering for the production and application of phytases to the treatment of the toxic pollutants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119703. [PMID: 35787420 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytases are a group of digestive enzymes which are commonly used as feed enzymes. These enzymes are used exogenously in the feeds of monogastric animals thereby it improves the digestibility of phosphorous and thus reduces the negative impact of inorganic P excretion on the environment. Even though these enzymes are widely distributed in many life forms, microorganisms are the most preferred and potential source of phytase. Despite the extensive availability of the phytase-producing microbial consortia, only a few microorganisms have been known to be exploited at industrial level. The high costs of the enzyme along with the incapability to survive high temperatures followed by the poor storage stability are noted to be the bottleneck in the commercialization of enzymes. For this reason, besides the conventional fermentation approaches, the applicability of cloning, expression studies and genetic engineering has been implemented for the past few years to accomplish the abovesaid benefits. The site-directed mutagenesis as well as knocking out have also validated their prominent role in microbe-based phytase production with enhanced levels. The present review provides detailed information on recent insights on the modification of phytases through heterologous expression and protein engineering to make thermostable and protease-resistant phytases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - A N Anoopkumar
- Centre for Research in Emerging Tropical Diseases, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aravind Madhavan
- Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Mohan Binoop
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Nair M Lakshmi
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Arun K B
- Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 014, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India; Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, 691 505, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136713, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Center for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248 007, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Enhancing the Thermostability of Phytase to Boiling Point by Evolution-Guided Design. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0050622. [PMID: 35546578 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00506-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The good thermostability of enzymes is an important basis for their wide application in industry. In this study, the phytase APPA from Yersinia intermedia was designed by evolution-guided design. Through the collection of homologous sequences in the NCBI database, we obtained a sequence set composed of 5,569 sequences, counted the number and locations of motif N-X-T/S, and selected the sites with high frequency in evolution as candidate sites for experiments. Based on the principle that N-glycosylation modification sites are located on the protein surface, 13 mutants were designed to optimize the number and location of N-glycosylation sites. Through experimental verification, 7 single mutants with improved thermostability were obtained. The best mutant, M14, with equal catalytic efficiency as the wild-type was obtained through combined mutation. The half-life (t1/2) value of mutant M14 was improved from 3.32 min at 65°C to 25 min of at 100°C, allowing it to withstand boiling water treatment, retaining approximately 75% initial activity after a 10-min incubation at 100°C. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that while the mutants' thermodynamic stability was nearly unchanged, their kinetic stability was greatly improved, and the combined mutant exhibited strong refolding ability. The results of a in vitro digestibility test indicated that the application effect of mutant M14 was about 4.5 times that of wild-type APPA, laying a foundation for its industrial application. IMPORTANCE Due to the harsh reaction conditions of industrial production, the relative instability of enzymes limits their application in industrial production, such as for food, pharmaceuticals, and feed. For example, the pelleting process of feed includes a brief high temperature (80 to 85°C), which requires the enzyme to have excellent thermostability. Therefore, a simple and effective method to improve the thermostability of enzymes has important practical value. In this study, we make full use of the existing homologous sequences (5,569) in the database to statistically analyze the existence frequency of N-X-T/S motifs in this large sequence space to design the phytase APPA with improved thermostability and a high hit rate (~50%). We obtained the best combination mutant, M14, that can tolerate boiling water treatment and greatly improved its kinetic stability without damaging its specific activity. Simultaneously, we proved that its performance improvement is due to its enhanced refolding ability, which comes from N-glycan modification rather than amino acid replacement. Our results provide a feasible and effective method for the modification of enzyme thermostability.
Collapse
|
19
|
Dang DX, Chun SG, Kim IH. Feeding broiler chicks with S. pombe-expressed phytase-containing diet improves growth performance, phosphorus digestibility, toe ash, and footpad lesions. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:1390-1399. [PMID: 35507852 PMCID: PMC9449394 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
20
|
Elkhateeb YAM, Fadel M. Bioinformatic Studies, Experimental Validation of Phytase Production and Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for Enhancing Phytase Enzyme Production by Different Microorganisms under Solid-State Fermentation. Open Microbiol J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18742858-v16-e2202160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Phytase is an essential enzyme necessary for the digestive process. It is a natural enzyme found in plant materials. It prevents bad effect of phytic acid on protein and energy utilization. Phytase frees the bound minerals such as phosphorus, calcium, zinc, iron, magnesium and manganese from the phytic acid molecule providing essential minerals available for healthy nutrition. This study depends on converting food processing waste into highly valuable products. Optimizing the fermentation conditions for enhancing high phytase production with low cost was the objective of this research.
Methods:
A bibliographical survey was carried out to select the most fungul producers of phytase from fungal species deposited in NCBI database. Phytases of the selected organisms were analyzed in the UNIPROT database and their protein sequences were submitted to multiple sequence alignments using Clustal Omega and visualized using Jalview program. Experimental studies using five fungal strains of Aspergillus.ssp on wheat bran under Solid-State Fermentation carried out. Comparisons were made for phytase production. A. awamori NRC- F18 as the best phytase producer-strain cultured on different types of treated wastes followed by optimizing the fermentation conditions for enhancing phytase production using rice straw as the best substrate, which provides the highest phytase production. Thermostability of crude enzyme was studied. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS at P < 0.05 or P < 0.01.
Results:
Bioinformatic studies predicted the most producer species and explained the difference in activity of phytases produced from different species, although they have the same function. All phytases of the selected fungal species from the database NCBI have highly conserved amino acid sequences; there are 88 identical positions; 135 similar positions, but the identity percentage was 16.858%. Experimental studies using five fungal strains of Aspergillus ssp. on wheat bran revealed optimum conditions for phytase production by A. awamori NRC- F18, which cultured on different types of treated wastes. A considerably higher phytase production was obtained using rice straw as substrate 424.66± 2.92 IU /g at pH 6 (371.883± 0.822 IU /g), after 144 hrs of incubation at 30°C. The maximum enzyme activity observed when solid: moisture was 1:4; Inoculum concentration 2mg/5g (418.363± 16.709 IU /g) and substrate concentration 4.5% (277.39± 12.05 IU /g). Glucose and Ammonium acetate were the best carbon and nitrogen sources that enhanced phytase production from A. awamori NRC- F18. The obtained phytase was found to be thermostable and the maximum temperature at which phytase still active was 80°C.
Conclusion:
Bioinformatic studies predicted the most producer species. Experimental study revealed that A.awamori NRC- F18 was the best Phytase -producer strain. Solid state fermentation was a good method; pretreatment of agriculture residues as rice straw was useful for less expensive phytase production, which was thermostable. A. awamori NRC- F18 can be used in the industrial production of phytase.
Collapse
|
21
|
Thakur N, Patel SKS, Kumar P, Singh A, Devi N, Sandeep K, Pandey D, Chand D. Bioprocess for Hyperactive Thermotolerant Aspergillus fumigatus Phytase and its Application in Dephytinization of Wheat Flour. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03886-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
22
|
Ramos JL. Extremophile enzymes for food additives and fertilizers. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:81-83. [PMID: 34617672 PMCID: PMC8719797 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of extremophile enzymes for industrial purposes has become very significant since the beginning of this century and it is envisaged an ample use of enzymes for environmental applications (fertilisers, food and feed additives, biodegradation, pharma) as well as in the biosynthesis of compounds through design of novel biosynthetic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan L. Ramos
- Department of Environmental ProtectionEstación Experimental del ZaidinCSICGranadaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ajeje SB, Hu Y, Song G, Peter SB, Afful RG, Sun F, Asadollahi MA, Amiri H, Abdulkhani A, Sun H. Thermostable Cellulases / Xylanases From Thermophilic and Hyperthermophilic Microorganisms: Current Perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:794304. [PMID: 34976981 PMCID: PMC8715034 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.794304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioconversion of lignocellulose into monosaccharides is critical for ensuring the continual manufacturing of biofuels and value-added bioproducts. Enzymatic degradation, which has a high yield, low energy consumption, and enhanced selectivity, could be the most efficient and environmentally friendly technique for converting complex lignocellulose polymers to fermentable monosaccharides, and it is expected to make cellulases and xylanases the most demanded industrial enzymes. The widespread nature of thermophilic microorganisms allows them to proliferate on a variety of substrates and release substantial quantities of cellulases and xylanases, which makes them a great source of thermostable enzymes. The most significant breakthrough of lignocellulolytic enzymes lies in lignocellulose-deconstruction by enzymatic depolymerization of holocellulose into simple monosaccharides. However, commercially valuable thermostable cellulases and xylanases are challenging to produce in high enough quantities. Thus, the present review aims at giving an overview of the most recent thermostable cellulases and xylanases isolated from thermophilic and hyperthermophilic microbes. The emphasis is on recent advancements in manufacturing these enzymes in other mesophilic host and enhancement of catalytic activity as well as thermostability of thermophilic cellulases and xylanases, using genetic engineering as a promising and efficient technology for its economic production. Additionally, the biotechnological applications of thermostable cellulases and xylanases of thermophiles were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaila Boyi Ajeje
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guojie Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Sunday Bulus Peter
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Richmond Godwin Afful
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mohammad Ali Asadollahi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Abdulkhani
- Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Donzella S, Capusoni C, Pellegrino L, Compagno C. Bioprocesses with Reduced Ecological Footprint by Marine Debaryomyces hansenii Strain for Potential Applications in Circular Economy. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121028. [PMID: 34947010 PMCID: PMC8706832 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility to perform bioprocesses with reduced ecological footprint to produce natural compounds and catalyzers of industrial interest is pushing the research for salt tolerant microorganisms able to grow on seawater-based media and able to use a wide range of nutrients coming from waste. In this study we focused our attention on a Debaryomyces hansenii marine strain (Mo40). We optimized cultivation in a bioreactor at low pH on seawater-based media containing a mixture of sugars (glucose and xylose) and urea. Under these conditions the strain exhibited high growth rate and biomass yield. In addition, we characterized potential applications of this yeast biomass in food/feed industry. We show that Mo40 can produce a biomass containing 45% proteins and 20% lipids. This strain is also able to degrade phytic acid by a cell-bound phytase activity. These features represent an appealing starting point for obtaining D. hansenii biomass in a cheap and environmentally friendly way, and for potential use as an additive or to replace unsustainable ingredients in the feed or food industries, as this species is included in the QPS EFSA list (Quality Presumption as Safe-European Food Safety Authority).
Collapse
|
25
|
Lopes M, Coutinho T, Farinas C. Modification of zeolite with metallic ions improves the immobilization of phytase. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
26
|
Wu H, Chen Q, Zhang W, Mu W. Overview of strategies for developing high thermostability industrial enzymes: Discovery, mechanism, modification and challenges. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2057-2073. [PMID: 34445912 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1970508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysts such as enzymes are environmentally friendly and have substrate specificity, which are preferred in the production of various industrial products. However, the strict reaction conditions in industry including high temperature, organic solvents, strong acids and bases and other harsh environments often destabilize enzymes, and thus substantially compromise their catalytic functions, and greatly restrict their applications in food, pharmaceutical, textile, bio-refining and feed industries. Therefore, developing industrial enzymes with high thermostability becomes very important in industry as thermozymes have more advantages under high temperature. Discovering new thermostable enzymes using genome sequencing, metagenomics and sample isolation from extreme environments, or performing molecular modification of the existing enzymes with poor thermostability using emerging protein engineering technology have become an effective means of obtaining thermozymes. Based on the thermozymes as biocatalytic chips in industry, this review systematically analyzes the ways to discover thermostable enzymes from extreme environment, clarifies various interaction forces that will affect thermal stability of enzymes, and proposes different strategies to improve enzymes' thermostability. Furthermore, latest development in the thermal stability modification of industrial enzymes through rational design strategies is comprehensively introduced from structure-activity relationship point of view. Challenges and future research perspectives are put forward as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jayakumar M, Karmegam N, Gundupalli MP, Bizuneh Gebeyehu K, Tessema Asfaw B, Chang SW, Ravindran B, Kumar Awasthi M. Heterogeneous base catalysts: Synthesis and application for biodiesel production - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:125054. [PMID: 33832828 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, much research has been carried out to find a suitable catalyst for the transesterification process during biodiesel production where heterogeneous catalysts play a crucial role. As homogenous catalysts present drawbacks such as slow reaction rate, high-cost due to the use of food grade oils, problems associated with separation process, and environmental pollution, heterogenous catalysts are more preferred. Animal shells and bones are the biowastes suitably calcined for the synthesis of heterogenous base catalyst. The catalysts synthesized using organic wastes are environmentally friendly, and cost-effective. The present review is dedicated to synthesis of heterogeneous basic catalysts from the natural resources or biowastes in biodiesel production through transesterification of oils. Use of calcined catalysts for converting potential feedstocks (vegetable oils and animal fat) into biodiesel/FAME is effective and safe, and the yield could be improved over 98%. There is a vast scope for biowaste-derived catalysts in green production of biofuel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mani Jayakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem-636007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marttin Paulraj Gundupalli
- The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangsue, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Kaleab Bizuneh Gebeyehu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Belete Tessema Asfaw
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon, 16227, South Korea
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon, 16227, South Korea; Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tišma M, Žnidaršič-Plazl P, Šelo G, Tolj I, Šperanda M, Bucić-Kojić A, Planinić M. Trametes versicolor in lignocellulose-based bioeconomy: State of the art, challenges and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:124997. [PMID: 33752945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although Trametes versicolor is one of the most investigated white-rot fungi, the industrial application of this fungus and its metabolites is still far from reaching its full potential. This review aims to highlight the opportunities and challenges for the industrial use of T. versicolor according to the principles of circular bioeconomy. The use of this fungus can contribute significantly to the success of efforts to valorize lignocellulosic waste biomass and industrial lignocellulosic byproducts. Various techniques of T. versicolor cultivation for enzyme production, food and feed production, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production are listed and critically evaluated, highlighting bottlenecks and future perspectives. Applications of T. versicolor crude laccase extracts in wastewater treatment, removal of lignin from lignocellulose, and in various biotransformations are analyzed separately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tišma
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Polona Žnidaršič-Plazl
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gordana Šelo
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Tolj
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, University Hospital Center of Osijek, Clinical of Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Josipa Hutlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marcela Šperanda
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR - 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Bucić-Kojić
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mirela Planinić
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Capusoni C, Serra I, Donzella S, Compagno C. Screening For Yeast Phytase Leads to the Identification of a New Cell-Bound and Secreted Activity in Cyberlindnera jadinii CJ2. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:662598. [PMID: 34109165 PMCID: PMC8181137 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.662598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid is an anti-nutritional compound able to chelate proteins and ions. For this reason, the food industry is looking for a convenient method which allows its degradation. Phytases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the degradation of phytic acid and are used as additives in feed-related industrial processes. Due to their industrial importance, our goal was to identify new activities that exhibit best performances in terms of tolerance to high temperature and acidic pH. As a result of an initial screening on 21 yeast species, we focused our attention on phytases found in Cyberlindnera jadinii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and Torulaspora delbrueckeii. In particular, C. jadinii showed the highest secreted and cell-bound activity, with optimum of temperature and pH at 50°C and 4.5, respectively. These characteristics suggest that this enzyme could be successfully used for feed as well as for food-related industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Capusoni
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Immacolata Serra
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Donzella
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Concetta Compagno
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kumari N, Bansal S. Production and characterization of a novel, thermotolerant fungal phytase from agro-industrial byproducts for cattle feed. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:865-879. [PMID: 33387113 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-03069-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The application of phytases helps in releasing bound phosphorus and other nutrients in cattle feed eventually reducing the need for supplementations. However, high production cost owing to the unavailability of cheaper sources of phytases has limited their usage in developing countries. Herein, firstly isolation, identification of a phytase from fungal isolate, Aspergillus niger NT7 was carried out followed by optimizing of all production parameters, through solid-state fermentation (SSF). Secondly, crude phytase was characterized and potential applicability of crude phytase was evaluated for dephytinization of wheat bran. RESULTS The highest phytase production (208.30 ± 0.22 U/gds) was achieved using wheat bran as cheap agro-industrial substrate for SSF. The various physiological parameters were optimized including inoculum age and level (3-day old inoculum and 15 × 107 spores/ml), temperature (35 °C), a moistening agent (distilled water), medium pH (5), and supplementation of various biochemicals like sugar (Mannitol), nitrogen (ammonium sulphate) and detergent (Tween 80). Process optimization through one variable at a time (OVAT) approach increased the difference in productivity to more than 200%. The crude phytase of A. niger NT7 was thermostable, with optimal activity at 60 °C and also displayed optimal activity over a broad range of acidic pH. Further, enhancement in phytase activity was found specifically in the presence of Ca2+, Zn2+, and Co2+ ions, while other metal ions including Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Mg2+and Cu2+ inhibited its activity. Finally, the phytase showed efficient and sustained release of inorganic phosphate, proteins, and reducing sugars (> 60 h) from livestock feed. CONCLUSION Overall, our report highlights the production of an efficient and thermotolerant phytase with potential as a low-cost animal feed supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hemu X, Zhang X, Nguyen GKT, To J, Serra A, Loo S, Sze SK, Liu CF, Tam JP. Characterization and application of natural and recombinant butelase-1 to improve industrial enzymes by end-to-end circularization. RSC Adv 2021; 11:23105-23112. [PMID: 35480425 PMCID: PMC9034278 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03763c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Butelase-1, an asparaginyl endopeptidase or legumain, is the prototypical and fastest known Asn/Asp-specific peptide ligase that could be used for improving other enzymes by catalyzing simple and efficient end-to-end circularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Hemu
- School of Biological Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Giang K. T. Nguyen
- WIL@NUS Corporate Lab
- MD6 Centre for Translational Medicine
- Wilmar International Limited
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
| | - Janet To
- School of Biological Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Aida Serra
- IMDEA Food Research Institute
- +Pec Proteomics
- Campus of International Excellence UAM+CSIC
- Old Cantoblanco Hospital
- Madrid 28049
| | - Shining Loo
- School of Biological Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Chuan-Fa Liu
- School of Biological Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - James P. Tam
- School of Biological Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lopes MM, Coutinho TC, Malafatti JOD, Paris EC, Sousa CPD, Farinas CS. Immobilization of phytase on zeolite modified with iron(II) for use in the animal feed and food industry sectors. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
33
|
Fukushima A, Uchino G, Akabane T, Aiseki A, Perera I, Hirotsu N. Phytic Acid in Brown Rice Can Be Reduced by Increasing Soaking Temperature. Foods 2020; 10:foods10010023. [PMID: 33374851 PMCID: PMC7824421 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid (PA) is a storage form of phosphorus in seeds. Phytase enzyme is activated at germination and hydrolyses PA into myo-inositol and inorganic phosphate. PA inhibits the absorption of minerals in the human intestine by chelation. Its degradation, therefore, is a key factor to improve mineral bioavailability in rice. Germinated brown rice (GBR) is favoured because it improves the availability of nutrients, and thus have a positive effect on health. In this study, we show the effects of soaking temperature on phytase activity and PA content in GBR. Rice phytase showed thermostability and its activity peaked at 50 °C. After 36 h of soaking, phytase activity was significantly increased at 50 °C and PA content was significantly decreased, compared to that at 30 °C. Zinc (Zn) analysis revealed that there was no significant difference in Zn content among different temperature treatments. Calculated total daily absorbed Zn (TAZ) was significantly higher in GBR compared with non-soaked seeds. Moreover, brown rice grains germinated at 50 °C showed a higher TAZ value than that at 30 °C. Seed germination and seed water soaking at high temperatures reduce PA content in brown rice showing a potentially effective way to improve mineral bioavailability in brown rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Fukushima
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; (A.F.); (T.A.)
| | - Gun Uchino
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; (G.U.); (A.A.)
| | - Tatsuki Akabane
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; (A.F.); (T.A.)
| | - Ayaka Aiseki
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; (G.U.); (A.A.)
| | - Ishara Perera
- Grain Legume and Oil Crops Research and Development Centre, Department of Agriculture, Angunakolapelessa 82220, Sri Lanka;
| | - Naoki Hirotsu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; (A.F.); (T.A.)
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1 Izumino, Itakura-machi, Oura-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan; (G.U.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-276-82-9027
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Corrêa TLR, de Araújo EF. Fungal phytases: from genes to applications. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:1009-1020. [PMID: 32410091 PMCID: PMC7455620 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytic acid stores 60-90% of the inorganic phosphorus in legumes, oil seeds, and cereals, making it inaccessible for metabolic processes in living systems. In addition, given its negative charge, phytic acid complexes with divalent cations, starch, and proteins. Inorganic phosphorous can be released from phytic acid upon the action of phytases. Phytases are phosphatases produced by animals, plants, and microorganisms, notably Aspergillus niger, and are employed as animal feed additive, in chemical industry and for ethanol production. Given the industrial relevance of phytases produced by filamentous fungi, this work discusses the functional characterization of fungal phytase-coding genes/proteins, highlighting the physicochemical parameters that govern the enzymatic activity, the development of phytase super-producing strains, and key features for industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thamy Lívia Ribeiro Corrêa
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Vicosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
| | - Elza Fernandes de Araújo
- Department of Microbiology/BIOAGRO, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Vicosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Phukon LC, Chourasia R, Kumari M, Godan TK, Sahoo D, Parameswaran B, Rai AK. Production and characterisation of lipase for application in detergent industry from a novel Pseudomonas helmanticensis HS6. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123352. [PMID: 32299046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore novel source of lipase from biodiversity hot spot region of Sikkim with activity at broad temperature range for application in detergent industry. Among the isolates, Pseudomonas helmanticensis HS6 showed activity at wide range of temperatures was selected for lipase production. Statistical optimisation for enhanced production of lipase resulted in enhancement of lipase activity from 2.3 to 179.3 U/mg. Lipase was purified resulting in 18.78 fold purification, 5.58% yield and high specific activity of 3368 U/mg. The partially purified lipase was found to be active in wide range of temperature (5-80 °C) and pH (6-9), showing optimum activity at 50 °C at pH 7. Peptide sequences on mass spectrometric analysis of purified lipase showed similarity to lipase family protein of three species of Pseudomonas. Both crude and purified lipase retained residual activity of 40-80% after 3 h of incubation with commercial detergents suggesting its application in detergent industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loreni Chiring Phukon
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Centre, Tadong 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Rounak Chourasia
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Centre, Tadong 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Megha Kumari
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Centre, Tadong 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Tharangattumana Krishnan Godan
- CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Dinabandhu Sahoo
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Centre, Tadong 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Binod Parameswaran
- CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Centre, Tadong 737102, Sikkim, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Integrative Structural and Computational Biology of Phytases for the Animal Feed Industry. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to high temperature, acidic pH and proteolytic degradation during the pelleting process and in the digestive tract are important features of phytases as animal feed. The integration of insights from structural and in silico analyses into factors affecting thermostability, acid stability, proteolytic stability, catalytic efficiency and specific activity, as well as N-glycosylation, could improve the limitations of marginal stable biocatalysts with trade-offs between stability and activity. Synergistic mutations give additional benefits to single substitutions. Rigidifying the flexible loops or inter-molecular interactions by reinforcing non-bonded interactions or disulfide bonds, based on structural and roof mean square fluctuation (RMSF) analyses, are contributing factors to thermostability. Acid stability is normally achieved by targeting the vicinity residue at the active site or at the neighboring active site loop or the pocket edge adjacent to the active site. Extending the positively charged surface, altering protease cleavage sites and reducing the affinity of protease towards phytase are among the reported contributing factors to improving proteolytic stability. Remodeling the active site and removing steric hindrance could enhance phytase activity. N-glycosylation conferred improved thermostability, proteases degradation and pH activity. Hence, the integration of structural and computational biology paves the way to phytase tailoring to overcome the limitations of marginally stable phytases to be used in animal feeds.
Collapse
|
37
|
Kalkan SO, Bozcal E, Hames Tuna EE, Uzel A. Characterisation of a thermostable and proteolysis resistant phytase from Penicillium polonicum MF82 associated with the marine sponge Phorbas sp. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2020.1785434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saban Orcun Kalkan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Bozcal
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Istanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Esin Hames Tuna
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Atac Uzel
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Basic and Industrial Microbiology Section, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Genome-Scale Characterization of Fungal Phytases and a Comparative Study Between Beta-Propeller Phytases and Histidine Acid Phosphatases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:296-312. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
39
|
Patel SKS, Shanmugam R, Kalia VC, Lee JK. Methanol production by polymer-encapsulated methanotrophs from simulated biogas in the presence of methane vector. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 304:123022. [PMID: 32070839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Type I (Methylomicrobium album) and II (Methyloferula stellata) methanotrophs were encapsulated by alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to improve methanol production from simulated biogas [methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)] in the presence of CH4 vector. Polymeric matrix alginate (2%) and PVA (10%) were found to be optimum for the immobilization of both the methanotrophs, with a relative efficiency of methanol production up to 80.6 and 88.7%, respectively. The stability of methanol production by immobilized cells was improved up to 13.2-fold under repeated batch-culture over free cells. The addition of CH4 vectors showed 1.7-fold higher methanol production on using simulated biogas than in the control. The maximum methanol production of 7.46 and 7.14 mmol/L was noted for PVA-encapsulated M. album and M. stellata, respectively. This study successfully established the beneficial effects of CH4 vectors on methanol production by methanotrophs from greenhouse gases that can be applied for real biogas feedstock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay K S Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramasamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hou X, Shen Z, Li N, Kong X, Sheng K, Wang J, Wang Y. A novel fungal beta-propeller phytase from nematophagous Arthrobotrys oligospora: characterization and potential application in phosphorus and mineral release for feed processing. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:84. [PMID: 32252770 PMCID: PMC7137328 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytases are widely utilized in feed industry to increase the utilization of phosphorus, minerals, and amino acids for improvement of animal and human nutrition. At present, all known β-propeller phytases (BPP) have been generated from bacteria, particularly Bacillus. In this work we report for the first time a new fungal-derived BPP phytase. We identified a phytase highly differentially expressed only in the parasitic stage of a nematophagous fungus, Arhtrobotrys oliogospora, during the development of the 3D traps. We found that this phytase was homologous to the known bacterial BPP phytase, thus we referred the new phytase to Aophytase. The heterologous expression of codon-optimized Aophytase gene in Pichia pastoris was successfully investigated to yield recombinant Aophytase (r-Aophytase) with high specific enzyme activity of 74.71 U/mg, much higher than those of recombinant BPP phytases derived bacteria. The kinetic parameters of the r-Aophytase, the optimum pH and temperature, as well as the effects of surfactant, EDTA and different ions on its enzyme activity were further investigated. The potential utilization of r-Aophytase in feed processing was finally explored. We found that the optimal pH value was about 7.5, and the optimal temperature was 50 °C.; r-Aophytase significantly increased the release of inorganic phosphorus from soybean meal, and improved the release of soluble minerals from the durum wheat flour and finger millet flour. The findings indicate its potential utilization in the feed processing to ameliorate nutritional value of cereals and animal feed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianjuan Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaowei Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Kangliang Sheng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Jingmin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yongzhong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. .,Key Laboratory of Human Microenvironment and Precision Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. .,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jatuwong K, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Penkhrue W, Kakumyan P, Lumyong S. Bioprocess for Production, Characteristics, and Biotechnological Applications of Fungal Phytases. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:188. [PMID: 32117182 PMCID: PMC7034034 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytases are a group of enzymes that hydrolyze the phospho-monoester bonds of phytates. Phytates are one of the major forms of phosphorus found in plant tissues. Fungi are mainly used for phytase production. The production of fungal phytases has been achieved under three different fermentation methods including solid-state, semi-solid-state, and submerged fermentation. Agricultural residues and other waste materials have been used as substrates for the evaluation of enzyme production in the fermentation process. Nutrients, physical conditions such as pH and temperature, and protease resistance are important factors for increasing phytase production. Fungal phytases are considered monomeric proteins and generally possess a molecular weight of between 14 and 353 kDa. Fungal phytases display a broad substrate specificity with optimal pH and temperature ranges between 1.3 and 8.0 and 37-67°C, respectively. The crystal structure of phytase has been studied in Aspergillus. Notably, thermostability engineering has been used to improve relevant enzyme properties. Furthermore, fungal phytases are widely used in food and animal feed additives to improve the efficiency of phosphorus intake and reduce the amount of phosphorus in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kritsana Jatuwong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Ph.D. Degree Program in Applied Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Suwannarach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Watsana Penkhrue
- School of Preclinic, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Pattana Kakumyan
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Saisamorn Lumyong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Naghshbandi MP, Moghimi H. Stabilization of phytase on multi-walled carbon nanotubes via covalent immobilization. Methods Enzymol 2020; 630:431-451. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
43
|
Badoei-Dalfard A, Parhamfar M, Karami Z. Characterization of a Thermostable, Acidic-Phytase from Bacillus tequilensis Dm018; Medium Optimization by Response Surface Methodology. Catal Letters 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-02881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|