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Nobili S, Masin CE, Zalazar CS, Lescano MR. Vermistabilization of excess sludge employing Eisenia fetida: Earthworm histopathological alterations and phytotoxicity evaluation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 368:122174. [PMID: 39151339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to stabilize excess sludge (ES) coming from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) by vermistabilization and to evaluate ecotoxicological effects over the earthworm species Eisenia fetida. Three mixtures were made up in triplicate using different volume ratios of ES and soil (S) (100% ES, 70:30% ES:S and 30:70% ES:S in wet weight basis). Earthworms were added in order to compare vermicomposting vs. natural stabilization. The mixtures were monitored over 130 days through physical, chemical, pathological and biological analysis, following quality standards depicted in the US EPA 40 CFR Part 503, local regulations and background studies. Histopathological samples were processed as biomarkers of acute and chronic toxicity on earthworms, and germination assays were performed at the end of the experiment to assess phytotoxicity. In terms of pathogen depletion comparing initial and final values from each treatment, the mixtures with higher ES proportions (70 and 100%) with earthworms were the most efficient ones registering 64.8 and 75.5% of reduction of fecal coliforms (FC) respectively, while the lowest ES proportion with earthworms (30%) showed 54.7%. Final pathogens content in all the treatments with earthworms were significantly lower (ranged from 1360 to 1760 MPN g total solids-1) than the values registered in treatments without earthworms (ranged from 2400 to 4000 MPN g total solids-1) (p < 0.05). However, none of the treatments attained class A categorization (FC ≤ 1000 MPN g total solids-1) in terms of FC. Also, values of mean cocoon production and hatched juveniles along time were significantly higher in the treatments with 100 and 70% ES (p < 0.05), while the higher mean adult biomass was detected in the treatment with 30% ES. Volatile solids decrease ranged between 8.45 and 22.34% in treatments with earthworms and all values of specific oxygen uptake rate were below 1.5 mg O2 h -1 g total solids -1. There were not negative effects over behavior or reproduction of E. fetida adults, nor the presence of external and internal injuries. Final products from mixtures with earthworms presented a humus-like structure, were odorless and reached maturity values -presenting no phytotoxicity-with significant differences between germination index values of treatments with and without earthworms (p < 0.05). Vermistabilization is a successful eco-technology to sanitize excess sludge, acquiring an added-value material and contributing to its revalorization as organic amendments or fertilizers in soils within the circular economy framework and the United Nations' Sustainability Development Goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Nobili
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Predio CONICET Santa Fe "Dr. Alberto Cassano", Ruta Nacional 168, Km. 0 - Paraje "El Pozo", 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carolina E Masin
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Predio CONICET Santa Fe "Dr. Alberto Cassano", Ruta Nacional 168, Km. 0 - Paraje "El Pozo", 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cristina S Zalazar
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Predio CONICET Santa Fe "Dr. Alberto Cassano", Ruta Nacional 168, Km. 0 - Paraje "El Pozo", 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Maia R Lescano
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Predio CONICET Santa Fe "Dr. Alberto Cassano", Ruta Nacional 168, Km. 0 - Paraje "El Pozo", 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Raza ST, Feyissa A, Li R, Rene ER, Ali Z, Iqbal H, Sahito ZA, Chen Z. Emerging technology effects on combined agricultural and eco-vermicompost. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120056. [PMID: 38219670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This study focused on the waste management of livestock manure and wetland plant residues and their increasing effect on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The benefits of nutrient-rich plants and manures are often overlooked. By conducting a soil column experiment with a fully factorial design, this work found that adding the vermicompost amendments of wetland plants [combination of Canna indica (CiV), Cyperus alternifollius (CaV), Acorus calamus (AcV), and Hydrocotyle vulgaris (HvV) vermicompost] to agricultural wastes affected maize growth throughout its growing season. The results demonstrated that the use of combined AcV and HvV wetland plant-based vermicompost as an organic fertilizer increased the plant total nitrogen (TN: 92% increase) and soil organic matter (SOM: 192% increase) compared with those in control CK. Meanwhile, the combination of CaV with HvV increased the shoot biomass by 3.4 and 4.6 folds compared with that in NPK and CK, respectively. Overall, a new approach for transforming ecological wastes into organic fertilizers was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Turab Raza
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Adugna Feyissa
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Rong Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, P.o. Box 3015, 2601, DA, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Laboratory of Environmental Health & Wildlife, Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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3
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Dume B, Hanc A, Svehla P, Michal P, Chane AD, Nigussie A. Composting and vermicomposting of sewage sludge at various C/N ratios: Technological feasibility and end-product quality. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115255. [PMID: 37478570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Even though sewage sludge (SS) contains a high level of pollutants, it is rich in essential plant nutrients and has the potential to enhance soil fertility. However, the SS must be further treated through pre-composting plus vermicomposting to make it safe for use on food crops. More research and data are needed to determine how different carbon-to-nitrogen ratios (C/N) affect the feasibility and quality of composting vs vermicomposting of SS. Therefore, in this study we comprehensively evaluated the feasibility and end-product quality of compost and vermicompost produced from SS under different C/N ratios. SS was mixed with pelletized wheat straw (PWS) at various proportions to produce C/N ratios of 6:1, 18:1, 28:1, and 38:1, then pre-composted for 14 days followed by vermicomposting using the earthworm Eisenia andrei for 120 days. Agrochemical properties were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. Results revealed significantly higher levels of agrochemicals in vermicompost compared to compost, including total potassium (37-88%) and magnesium (4.3-12%), nitrate nitrogen (71-98%), available potassium (53-88%), available phosphorus (79%), available magnesium (54-453%), available boron (48-303%), and available copper (2.5-82%). However, lower levels of ammonium nitrogen by (59-85%), available iron (2.3-51.3%), available manganese (29.7-52.2%), available zinc (10.5-29.8%), total carbon (0.75-4.5%), and total nitrogen (1.6-22.2%) were measured. Comparison of the various C/N ratios, showed that vermicompost with an 18:1 C/N ratio outperformed compost and demonstrated the highest earthworm population (165 pieces/kg). Thus, vermicomposting SS at an 18:1 C/N ratio is strongly recommended as a sustainable technology for producing high-quality vermicompost from SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayu Dume
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Kamycka 129, Prague 16500, Czech Republic.
| | - Ales Hanc
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Kamycka 129, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Svehla
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Kamycka 129, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Michal
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Kamycka 129, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Abraham Demelash Chane
- Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Kamycka 129, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Abebe Nigussie
- Jimma University, College of Agriculture, 307, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Thirunavukkarasu A, Sivashankar R, Nithya R, Sathya AB, Priyadharshini V, Kumar BP, Muthuveni M, Krishnamoorthy S. Sustainable organic waste management using vermicomposting: a critical review on the prevailing research gaps and opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:364-381. [PMID: 36744572 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00324d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Logistic growth of human population, exponential rate in agronomic industries and feeble waste management practices have resulted in the massive generation of organic wastes. Vermicomposting is one of the eco-biotechnological practices to efficiently transform them into stable and nutrient-rich organic manure with the synergetic actions of earthworms and soil microbiota. Vermicompost, a derivative product has the desirable physicochemical traits such as excellent porosity, buffering actions, aeration and water holding capacity. Also the presences of enzymic and microbial secretions contribute to growth and disease resistance of the crops. Owing to the benefits of soil nutrients restoration and effective organic waste management, vermicomposting has gained much attention among the scientific researchers and organic farmers. The present review is intended to provide comprehensive information on the site selection, screening of earthworms, different modes of operation and their desirable micro-environmental conditions. Also, the review has critically identified the prevailing research gaps viz. limited studies on the substrate formulation or optimization designs, poor control on the operational variables, lack of field-level investigations, technological feasibility of scale-up process, economic viability and cost-benefit analysis. Prospective researches can be made on these hotspots to identify the vermicomposting as a successful and profitable business model in the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raja Sivashankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India
| | - Rajarathinam Nithya
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India.
| | | | | | - Balakrishnan Prem Kumar
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India.
| | - Murugan Muthuveni
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India.
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5
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Raza ST, Zhu Y, Wu J, Rene ER, Ali Z, Feyissa A, Khan S, Anjum R, Bazai NA, Chen Z. Different ratios of Canna indica and maize-vermicompost as biofertilizers to improve soil fertility and plant growth: A case study from southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114374. [PMID: 36150444 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vermicomposting is recommended as an eco-friendly technology for an organic amendment to avoid the excessive use of inorganic fertilizers, which are causing environmental pollution. Here, this study evaluated soil fertility and plant growth after vermicompost amendment using reclaimed wetland plants and manure. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the seven treatments for nutrient recovery and plant growth: a control group without any fertilization (CK); four groups with vermicompost prepared from different ratios of ecological wetland plant residues, maize, and pig manure (V1, 4:6; V2, 5:5; V3, 6:6; and V4, 7:3); one group with only Canna indica (V5, Ci), and a group with synthetic fertilizers (NPK). The results showed the remarkable impacts of Ci-vermicompost and different ratios of organic fertilizer on soil fertility and plant height (28.8%) as major outcomes. In addition, vermicompost substantially increased soil total nitrogen (60.5%), soil organic matter (60.9%) including dissolved organic carbon (52.2%), and shoot biomass (V4, three-fold increase) compared with NPK and CK. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that vermicomposting combined with wetland plants is a feasible method for organic amendments and offers an innovative approach for recycling ecological waste to produce nutrient-rich organic fertilizers, reduce environmental damage, and improve crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Turab Raza
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yingmo Zhu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, P.o. Box 3015, 2601, DA Delft, Netherlands
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- Laboratory of Environmental Health & Wildlife, Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Adugna Feyissa
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shamshad Khan
- School of Geography and Resources Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641100, China
| | - Raheel Anjum
- Department of Economics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmed Bazai
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China.
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6
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Martínez-Gallardo MR, Jurado MM, López-González JA, Toribio A, Suárez-Estrella F, Sáez JA, Moral R, Andreu-Rodríguez FJ, López MJ. Biorecovery of olive mill wastewater sludge from evaporation ponds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115647. [PMID: 35803069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Olive mill wastewater (OMW) resulting from the olive oil extraction process is usually disposed of in evaporation ponds where it concentrates generating a sludge that pollutes the ponds nearby area. In this study, four bio-treatments were applied for the in-situ bioremediation and valorization of OMW sludge: Landfarming, phytoremediation, composting and vermicomposting. In all cases, the OMW sludge was added with organic residues (mushroom compost, rabbit manure, and chicken manure). The bio-treatments were carried out in duplicate, inoculated and non-inoculated, to determine the effect of a specialized fungal consortium (Aspergillus ochraceus H2 and Scedosporium apiospermum H16) on the efficacy of the bio-treatments. The evaluation of chemical parameters, toxicity, and functional microbial biodiversity revealed that the four techniques depleted the toxicity and favored the stimulation of functional microbiota. Landfarming and phytoremediation allowed the decontamination and improvement of soils. Composting and vermicomposting also offered high-quality products of agronomic interest. Inoculation improved the bioremediation effectiveness. Biological treatments are effective for the safe recovery of contaminated OMW sludge into high-quality services and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Martínez-Gallardo
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain.
| | - M M Jurado
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - J A López-González
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - A Toribio
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - F Suárez-Estrella
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - J A Sáez
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - R Moral
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - F J Andreu-Rodríguez
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University, EPS-Orihuela, Ctra. Beniel Km 3.2, 03312, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - M J López
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biology and Geology, CITE II-B, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, CIAIMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120, Almeria, Spain
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Huang K, Guan M, Chen J, Xu J, Xia H, Li Y. Biochars modify the degradation pathways of dewatered sludge by regulating active microorganisms during gut digestion of earthworms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154496. [PMID: 35288128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can accelerate the degradation and mineralization of organic matter during vermicomposting of sludge and the resulted vermicompost is termed as vermi-char containing active enzymes and microorganisms. However, the mechanisms by which biochars affect vermicomposting of the dewatered sludge during gut digestion of earthworms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of biochar on the degradation pathways of organic matter and the involved active microorganisms in dewatered sludge during gut digestion of earthworms. The earthworms Eisenia fetida were fed on three sludge substrates; 1) sludge mixed with 5% corncob biochar, 2) sludge mixed 5% rice husk biochar, and 3) sludge without biochar. The results showed that dissolved organic carbon significantly decreased by 5.65%-21.81% after the 5-day gut digestion of earthworms (P < 0.05) and that biochar addition could accelerate the decomposition of aromatic protein-like substances. Contrarily, the nitrate in earthworms casting with biochars significantly increased by 47.32%-122.64% (P < 0.05) compared with the control. The numbers of active bacteria and eukaryotes in earthworm castings with biochars significantly enhanced by 1.34-1.45 times and 0.45-5.91 times, respectively, than the control (P < 0.05). Active Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated the castings with biochars significantly enriched by 76.18%-88.83% and 4.02%-18.59% (P < 0.05), respectively, compared to control. As for eukaryotes, the biochars amendment increased Cercozoa abundance by 114.23%-136.31% but decreased Annelida by 55.61%-75.88% in the castings. The partial least squares path model revealed that the biochars could change the content and structure of organic matter in earthworm castings during vermicomposting of sludge by affecting environmental factors, microbial abundance, and microbial community composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Mengxin Guan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hui Xia
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
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Soylu MÇ, Azgin ST. Sensitive Multi‐Detection of
Escherichia coli
by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with a Novel Surface Controllable Sensing Method in Liquid Organic Fertilizer Produced by Sewage Sludge. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Çağrı Soylu
- Biological and Medical Diagnostic Sensors Laboratory (BioMeD Sensors Lab) Department of Biomedical Engineering Erciyes University Kayseri 38039 Turkey
| | - Sukru Taner Azgin
- Department of Environmental Engineering Erciyes University Kayseri 38039 Turkey
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9
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Niedzialkoski RK, Marostica R, Damaceno FM, Costa LADM, Costa MSSDM. Combination of biological processes for agro-industrial poultry waste management: Effects on vermicomposting and anaerobic digestion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113127. [PMID: 34346400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the combination of bioprocesses to increase the utilization of agro-industrial poultry wastes. Composting piles were submitted to hydration and fraction separation (FS) and then, the solid fraction was vermicomposted and the liquid fraction was anaerobically digested. Composting followed by hydration and FS prior to vermicomposting enhanced earthworm adaptation and survival by reducing salt levels (50%), total organic carbon, and total nitrogen which may be limiting to vermicomposting at high concentrations. These strategies providing the production of up to 300 new cocoons and 360 young earthworms more than the control treatment. In addition to providing a favorable environment for earthworm growth, the combination of bioprocesses resulted in a high-quality organic fertilizer free of phytotoxic compounds and with phytostimulant properties (germination index higher than 100%). Energy recovery was greater in the treatment without the precomposting step (T0) (461.8 L CH4 kg-1. Volatile Solidsadded). The results show that combining the bioprocesses is a sustainable alternative for managing poultry wastes not only in terms of the recycling of nutrients but also by providing a clean source of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Krauss Niedzialkoski
- Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Western Paraná State University, Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85.819-110, Cascavel, Parana, Brazil
| | - Ritieli Marostica
- Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Western Paraná State University, Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85.819-110, Cascavel, Parana, Brazil
| | - Felippe Martins Damaceno
- Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Western Paraná State University, Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85.819-110, Cascavel, Parana, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio de Mendonça Costa
- Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Western Paraná State University, Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85.819-110, Cascavel, Parana, Brazil
| | - Monica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça Costa
- Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Western Paraná State University, Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program, Rua Universitária, 2069, Jardim Universitário, 85.819-110, Cascavel, Parana, Brazil.
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10
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Rimkus A, Gudrā D, Dubova L, Fridmanis D, Alsiņa I, Muter O. Stimulation of sewage sludge treatment by carbon sources and bioaugmentation with a sludge-derived microbial consortium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 783:146989. [PMID: 33865123 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, sewage sludge (SS) disposal has become one of the greatest global challenges. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of faba bean straw (Straw-B), wheat straw (Straw-W), and wood-chip pellets (WCP) amended to SS, as well as bioaugmentation (BA), on the physicochemical characteristics and structure of the microbial community of the treated SS. Sixteen days of incubation of SS-containing mixtures revealed the highest efficiency of Straw-W(BA) in terms of SS stabilisation, i.e., the highest and most stable respiration intensity, the lowest ammonia emission, and the highest stimulation effect on the cress seedling growth. Shotgun sequencing data analysis showed that Proteobacteria dominated in the raw SS with 60.17% reads, which consisted of 16.40%, 29.18%, and 12.33% of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, respectively. All treated samples were characterised by an increased abundance of Firmicutes (32.70-53.84%). A remarkable increase in virus abundance (0.34% reads) was detected in the treated SS, which was incubated without C amendment and bioaugmentation. The addition of C sources to the SS changed some physicochemical characteristics of the mixture. All of these findings provide novel insights toward a mechanistic understanding of the fate of the human sewage microbiome in wastewater and other environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alīna Rimkus
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Dita Gudrā
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, 1 Ratsupites Str., Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Laila Dubova
- Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Liela 2, Jelgava LV-3001, Latvia
| | - Dāvids Fridmanis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, 1 Ratsupites Str., Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Ina Alsiņa
- Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Liela 2, Jelgava LV-3001, Latvia
| | - Olga Muter
- Institute of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Latvia, 1 Jelgavas Str., Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
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11
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Karki R, Chuenchart W, Surendra KC, Shrestha S, Raskin L, Sung S, Hashimoto A, Kumar Khanal S. Anaerobic co-digestion: Current status and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:125001. [PMID: 33773269 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a long-established technology for the valorization of diverse organic wastes with concomitant generation of valuable resources. However, mono-digestion (i.e., anaerobic digestion using one feedstock) suffers from challenges associated with feedstock characteristics. Co-digestion using multiple feedstocks provides the potential to overcome these limitations. Significant research and development efforts have highlighted several inherent merits of co-digestion, including enhanced digestibility due to synergistic effects of co-substrates, better process stability, and higher nutrient value of the produced co-digestate. However, studies focused on the underlying effects of diverse co-feedstocks on digester performance and stability have not been synthesized so far. This review fills this gap by highlighting the limitations of mono-digestion and critically examining the benefits of co-digestion. Furthermore, this review discusses synergistic effect of co-substrates, characterization of microbial communities, the prediction of biogas production via different kinetic models, and highlights future research directions for the development of a sustainable biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renisha Karki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Wachiranon Chuenchart
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2540 Dole Street, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - K C Surendra
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, 44600 Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shilva Shrestha
- Joint Bioenergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, 107 EWRE Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA
| | - Lutgarde Raskin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 1351 Beal Avenue, 107 EWRE Building, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2125, USA
| | - Shihwu Sung
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management (CAFNRM), University of Hawai'i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili Street, Hilo, HI 96720, USA
| | - Andrew Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Samir Kumar Khanal
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2540 Dole Street, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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12
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Can the Application of Municipal Sewage Sludge Compost in the Aided Phytostabilization Technique Provide an Effective Waste Management Method? ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14071984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: sewage sludge is a by-product of wastewater treatment, which needs to be managed appropriately, e.g., in composting processes. The application of municipal sewage sludge composts (MSSCs) as a soil amendment is a potential way to effectively manage sewage sludge. (2) Methods: this paper presents the results of a vegetation pot experiment undertaken to assess the suitability of Dactylis glomerata L. and MSSC in the aided phytostabilization technique when applied on soils from an area effected by industrial pressure; this is characterized by high levels of heavy metal (HM). The contents of HMs in the test plant (the roots and above-ground parts), as well as in the soil and MSSC, were determined via an atomic spectrometry method. (3) Results: the application of MSSC positively contributed to an increased production of plant biomass and an increase in the pH in the soil. Concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cr were higher in the roots than in the above-ground parts of Dactylis glomerata L. The addition of MSSC contributed most significantly to the considerable reduction in Ni, Pb, and Zn contents in the soil after the experiment. (4) Conclusions: MSSC can support the phytostabilization of soils contaminated with high levels of HMs.
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13
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Ravindran B, Karmegam N, Yuvaraj A, Thangaraj R, Chang SW, Zhang Z, Kumar Awasthi M. Cleaner production of agriculturally valuable benignant materials from industry generated bio-wastes: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124281. [PMID: 33099155 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bio-wastes from different agro-based industries are increasing at a rapid rate with the growing human population's demand for the products. The industries procure raw materials largely from agriculture, finish it with the required major product, and produce huge bio-wastes which are mostly disposed unscientifically. This creates serious environmental problems and loss of resources and nutrients. Traditional bio-wastes disposal possess several demerits which again return with negative impact over the eco-system. Anaerobic digestion, composting, co-composting, and vermicomposting are now-a-days given importance due to the improved and modified methods with enhanced transformation of bio-wastes into suitable soil amendments. The advanced and modified methods like biochar assisted composting and vermicomposting is highlighted with the updated knowledge in the field. Hence, the present study has been carried to compile the effective and efficient methods of utilizing industry generated bio-wastes for circularity between agriculture - industrial sectors to promote sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ananthanarayanan Yuvaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasundaram Thangaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S W Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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14
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Tsigkou K, Zagklis D, Tsafrakidou P, Zafiri C, Kornaros M. Composting of anaerobic sludge from the co-digestion of used disposable nappies and expired food products. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 118:655-666. [PMID: 33011543 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic sludge originating from the co-digestion of used disposable nappies and expired food products treated in a pilot two-stage system was examined as feed material for a continuous pilot-scale composter (capacity: 300 L feed per week). The feed materials and final compost products were analyzed and evaluated for their suitability as compost materials. Ιn terms of stability, the compost products were identified as stable through static respiratory index measurement (0.11-0.24 g O2/(kg Volatile Solids h)), heavy metals concentrations were within acceptable limits (i.e. concentration of Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr, As lower than 1 mg/kg dry mass) as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (0.06-0.34 mg/kg dry mass lower than 6 mg/kg dry mass). During composting, significant losses of nitrogen from the digestate and the urea added for C/N correction were observed (51-75%), indicating that the adjustment of C/N ratio through the addition of chemicals is not efficient in composting processes with forced aeration and the pre-existing nitrogen in digestate was susceptible to air-stripping. The continuous composting process implemented proved capable of producing mature compost with a retention time of 14 d. The final products were within acceptable limits for all the parameters examined, except for the presence of pathogens (Salmonella and Enterococcus) which were not eliminated, even though the composter reached 56 °C for 3-4 days at the thermophilic stage. The characteristics of the anaerobic sludge samples examined indicate that direct land application of the anaerobic effluent should be considered as an option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Tsigkou
- Lab. of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitris Zagklis
- Green Technologies Ltd., 5 Ellinos Stratiotou Str., 26223 Patras, Greece
| | | | - Constantina Zafiri
- Green Technologies Ltd., 5 Ellinos Stratiotou Str., 26223 Patras, Greece
| | - Michael Kornaros
- Lab. of Biochemical Engineering & Environmental Technology (LBEET), Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 1 Karatheodori Str, 26504 Patras, Greece.
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15
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Valorization of Orange Peel Waste Using Precomposting and Vermicomposting Processes. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12187626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The industrialization process of oranges generates waste, which is inadequately disposed of; this produces adverse effects on the environment. Among the alternatives for valorization is the vermicomposting process, which consists of the degradation of organic waste through the action of earthworms and microorganisms. Therefore, this research aimed to study this process using orange peel (OP) waste at the laboratory level. For this purpose, it was necessary to determine the degradation conditions through the monitoring of physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH, humidity, organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio). To balance the substrate’s nutrients, load material (LM) that included vegetable waste and eggshells was added to three different mixtures: M1 (50% OP + 50% LM), M2 (40% OP + 60% LM) and M3 (60% OP + 40% LM). To condition the substrate for earthworm (Eisenia fetida) activity, a previous precomposting process was performed. The results showed that all the mixtures fulfilled the requirements for a quality and mature vermicompost; however, the highest concentrations for TN were in the mixtures M1 and M2. The total time required for degradation of the OP waste was 13 weeks.
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16
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Mudhoo A, Ramasamy DL, Bhatnagar A, Usman M, Sillanpää M. An analysis of the versatility and effectiveness of composts for sequestering heavy metal ions, dyes and xenobiotics from soils and aqueous milieus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 197:110587. [PMID: 32325327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The persistence and bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants in water bodies, soils and living tissues remain alarmingly related to environmental protection and ecosystem restoration. Adsorption-based techniques appear highly competent in sequestering several environmental pollutants. In this review, the recent research findings reported on the assessments of composts and compost-amended soils as adsorbents of heavy metal ions, dye molecules and xenobiotics have been appraised. This review demonstrates clearly the high adsorption capacities of composts for umpteen environmental pollutants at the lab-scale. The main inferences from this review are that utilization of composts for the removal of heavy metal ions, dye molecules and xenobiotics from aqueous environments and soils is particularly worthwhile and efficient at the laboratory scale, and the adsorption behaviors and effectiveness of compost-type adsorbents for agrochemicals (e.g. herbicides and insecticides) vary considerably because of variabilities in structure, topology, bond connectivity, distribution of functional groups and interactions of xenobiotics with the active humic substances in composts. Compost-based field-scale remediation of environmental pollutants is still sparse and arguably much challenging to implement if, furthermore, real-world soil and water contamination issues are to be addressed effectively. Hence, significant research and process development efforts should be promptly geared and intensified in this direction by extrapolating the lab-scale findings in a cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ackmez Mudhoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mauritius, Réduit, 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Deepika Lakshmi Ramasamy
- Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Muhammad Usman
- PEIE Research Chair for the Development of Industrial Estates and Free Zones, Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, 4350, QLD, Australia.
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17
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Che J, Lin W, Ye J, Liao H, Yu Z, Lin H, Zhou S. Insights into compositional changes of dissolved organic matter during a full-scale vermicomposting of cow dung by combined spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122757. [PMID: 31978700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Various spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques combined was used to investigate the compositional changes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and the difference in humification degree during full-scale cow dung vermicomposting. This study also investigated that whether the two techniques could be used as humification indices. The physicochemical characteristics of vermicompost were superior to those of the control, indicating that vermicomposting significantly accelerated the humification process, which was confirmed by spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses. Meanwhile, the changes of three components identified and electron transfer capacities in vermicomposting further revealed that vermicomposting resulted in significant compositional changes of DOM and higher humification degree. Partial least squares path modeling and redundancy analysis revealed that the two techniques could be used as humification indices for vermicomposting. These results of this study demonstrated that the combination of spectroscopy and electrochemistry was applicable to characterize the compositional changes of DOM and the humification degree of vermicomposting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Che
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weifen Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jie Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hanpeng Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Hao Lin
- Wuyi University, Nanping 354300, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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18
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Balachandar R, Baskaran L, Yuvaraj A, Thangaraj R, Subbaiya R, Ravindran B, Chang SW, Karmegam N. Enriched pressmud vermicompost production with green manure plants using Eudrilus eugeniae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122578. [PMID: 31865155 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vermicomposting of pressmud with cow dung and nitrogenous green manures (Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala) was carried out using Eudrilus eugeniae (50 days). The reduction in pH, total organic carbon, C/N ratio, water-soluble organic carbon (Cws)/Norg and C/P ratios, and a pronounced increase in NPK contents and microbial population in vermicompost were observed. An enhanced TKN of 3.80% and 3.45% was recorded in vermicomposts of pressmud + cow dung + L. leucocephala (2:1:1) and pressmud + cow dung + G. sepium (2:1:1) respectively. The C/N and Cws/Norg ratios in vermicompost ranged from 11.86 to 16.66 and 0.53 to 1.33, respectively. The activity of dehydrogenase, urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase declined towards the end, indicating the progression of vermicompost maturity. The pressmud and green manure substrates promoted more biomass of E. eugeniae, while cow dung with green manure combination favored reproduction. The amendment of cow dung and green manure plants to pressmud (2:1:1 ratio) results in nutrient-enriched vermicompost production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramalingam Balachandar
- Department of Biotechnology, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Paiyanoor, Chennai 603 104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ananthanarayanan Yuvaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasundaram Thangaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Subbaiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Nagar, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, South Korea
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India.
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19
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Peng W, Lü F, Hao L, Zhang H, Shao L, He P. Digestate management for high-solid anaerobic digestion of organic wastes: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122485. [PMID: 31810738 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Digestate management for anaerobic digestion (AD) is becoming a bottleneck of the sustainability of AD plants when the use of digestate for agricultural application is restricted due to nutrient surplus and low market acceptance. Digestate quality and treatment in high solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) can be better than conventional low-solid system. The rheological behavior of digestate in high solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) can have a great impact on the energy consumption of digestate management. After post-conditioning guided by rheological parameters, the solid digestate can be further treated based on the integrated solutions to enhance the energy efficiency or nutrients recovery. The environmental impacts for some core parts of those integrated systems were also evaluated in this study. This article presented a critical review of recent investigations of digestate management for HSAD, especially focusing on the rheology of HSAD digestate, integrated solutions and their environmental performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Fan Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Liping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Pinjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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