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Todaro B, Pesce L, Cardarelli F, Luin S. Pioglitazone Phases and Metabolic Effects in Nanoparticle-Treated Cells Analyzed via Rapid Visualization of FLIM Images. Molecules 2024; 29:2137. [PMID: 38731628 PMCID: PMC11085555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has proven to be a useful method for analyzing various aspects of material science and biology, like the supramolecular organization of (slightly) fluorescent compounds or the metabolic activity in non-labeled cells; in particular, FLIM phasor analysis (phasor-FLIM) has the potential for an intuitive representation of complex fluorescence decays and therefore of the analyzed properties. Here we present and make available tools to fully exploit this potential, in particular by coding via hue, saturation, and intensity the phasor positions and their weights both in the phasor plot and in the microscope image. We apply these tools to analyze FLIM data acquired via two-photon microscopy to visualize: (i) different phases of the drug pioglitazone (PGZ) in solutions and/or crystals, (ii) the position in the phasor plot of non-labelled poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), and (iii) the effect of PGZ or PGZ-containing NPs on the metabolism of insulinoma (INS-1 E) model cells. PGZ is recognized for its efficacy in addressing insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and polymeric nanoparticles offer versatile platforms for drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and controlled release kinetics. This study lays the foundation for a better understanding via phasor-FLIM of the organization and effects of drugs, in particular, PGZ, within NPs, aiming at better control of encapsulation and pharmacokinetics, and potentially at novel anti-diabetics theragnostic nanotools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biagio Todaro
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Luca Pesce
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Stefano Luin
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (L.P.); (F.C.)
- NEST Laboratory, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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2
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Wang Y, Wu Y, Lei Y. Microneedle-based glucose monitoring: a review from sampling methods to wearable biosensors. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5727-5757. [PMID: 37431216 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00409k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Blood glucose (BG) monitoring is critical for diabetes management. In recent years, microneedle (MN)-based technology has attracted emerging attention in glucose sensing and detection. In this review, we summarized MN-based sampling for glucose collection and glucose analysis in detail. First, different principles of MN-based biofluid extraction were elaborated, including external negative pressure, capillary force, swelling force and iontophoresis, which would guide the shape design and material optimization of MNs. Second, MNs coupled with different analysis approaches, including Raman methods, colorimetry, fluorescence, and electrochemical sensing, were emphasized to exhibit the trend towards highly integrated wearable sensors. Finally, the future development prospects of MN-based devices were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering & The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - You Wu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering & The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yifeng Lei
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering & The Institute of Technological Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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3
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Luminescent upconversion nanoparticles evaluating temperature-induced stress experienced by aquatic organisms owing to environmental variations. iScience 2022; 25:104568. [PMID: 35769879 PMCID: PMC9234695 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing anthropogenic activities are significantly influencing the environment and especially aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, there is an increasing demand to develop techniques for monitoring and assessing freshwater habitat changes so that interventions can prevent irrevocable damage. We explore an approach for screening the temperature-induced stress experienced by aquatic organisms owing to environmental variations. Luminescent spectra of upconversion [Y2O3: Yb, Er] particles embedded within Caridina multidentata shrimps are measured, while ambient temperature gradient is inducing stress conditions. The inverse linear dependence of the logarithmic ratio of the luminescence intensity provides an effective means for temperature evaluation inside aquatic species in vivo. The measured luminescence shows high photostability on the background of the complete absence of biotissues’ autofluorescence, as well as no obscuration of the luminescence signal from upconversion particles. Current approach of hybrid sensing has a great potential for monitoring variations in aquatic ecosystems driven by climate changes and pollution. Luminescence spectra induced by upconversion particles are embedded into aquatic animals Real-time quantitative assessment of temperature inside aquatic species in vivo Evaluation of stress handled by water organisms owing to environmental variations Hybrid sensing approach for monitoring environmental variations driven by climate change
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4
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Pang Z, Sokolov M, Kubař T, Elstner M. Unravelling the mechanism of glucose binding in a protein-based fluorescence probe: molecular dynamics simulation with a tailor-made charge model. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2441-2453. [PMID: 35019922 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03733a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluorophores linked to the glucose/galactose-binding protein (GGBP) are a promising class of glucose sensors with potential application in medical devices for diabetes patients. Several different fluorophores at different positions in the protein were tested experimentally so far, but a deeper molecular understanding of their function is still missing. In this work, we use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mechanism of glucose binding in the GGBP-Badan triple mutant and make a comparison to the GGBP wild-type protein. The aim is to achieve a detailed molecular understanding of changes in the glucose binding site due to the mutations and their effect on glucose binding. Free simulations give an insight into the changes of the hydrogen-bonding network in the active site and into the mechanisms of glucose binding. Additionally, metadynamics simulations for wild type and mutant unravel the energetics of binding/unbinding in these proteins. Computed free energies for the opening of the binding pocket for the wild-type and the mutant agree well with the experimental data. Further, the simulations also give an insight into the changes of the chromophore conformations upon glucose binding, which can help to understand fluorescence changes. Therefore, the molecular details unravelled in this work may support effective optimisation strategies for the construction of more efficient glucose sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Pang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Monja Sokolov
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Tomáš Kubař
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Marcus Elstner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. .,Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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5
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Photophysical Properties of BADAN Revealed in the Study of GGBP Structural Transitions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011113. [PMID: 34681772 PMCID: PMC8540541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The fluorescent dye BADAN (6-bromoacetyl-2-dimetylaminonaphtalene) is widely used in various fields of life sciences, however, the photophysical properties of BADAN are not fully understood. The study of the spectral properties of BADAN attached to a number of mutant forms of GGBP, as well as changes in its spectral characteristics during structural changes in proteins, allowed to shed light on the photophysical properties of BADAN. It was shown that spectral properties of BADAN are determined by at least one non-fluorescent and two fluorescent isomers with overlapping absorbing bands. It was found that BADAN fluorescence is determined by the unsolvated "PICT" (planar intramolecular charge transfer state) and solvated "TICT" (twisted intramolecular charge transfer state) excited states. While "TICT" state can be formed both as a result of the "PICT" state solvation and as a result of light absorption by the solvated ground state of the dye. BADAN fluorescence linked to GGBP/H152C apoform is quenched by Trp 183, but this effect is inhibited by glucose intercalation. New details of the changes in the spectral characteristics of BADAN during the unfolding of the protein apo and holoforms have been obtained.
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Periplasmic-binding protein-based biosensors and bioanalytical assay platforms: Advances, considerations, and strategies for optimal utility. TALANTA OPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2021.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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7
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Ripoll C, Orte A, Paniza L, Ruedas-Rama MJ. A Quantum Dot-Based FLIM Glucose Nanosensor. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19224992. [PMID: 31744089 PMCID: PMC6891378 DOI: 10.3390/s19224992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles have been employed for bioimaging and sensing due to their excellent optical features. Most studies have used photoluminescence (PL) intensity-based techniques, which have some drawbacks, especially when working with nanoparticles in intracellular media, such as fluctuations in the excitation power, fluorophore concentration dependence, or interference from cell autofluorescence. Some of those limitations can be overcome with the use of time-resolved spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) techniques. In this work, CdSe/ZnS QDs with long decay times were modified with aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) to achieve QD-APBA conjugates, which can act as glucose nanosensors. The attachment of the boronic acid moiety on the surface of the nanoparticle quenched the PL average lifetime of the QDs. When glucose bonded to the boronic acid, the PL was recovered and its lifetime was enhanced. The nanosensors were satisfactorily applied to the detection of glucose into MDA-MB-231 cells with FLIM. The long PL lifetimes of the QD nanoparticles made them easily discernible from cell autofluorescence, thereby improving selectivity in their sensing applications. Since the intracellular levels of glucose are related to the metabolic status of cancer cells, the proposed nanosensors could potentially be used in cancer diagnosis.
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8
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Yang G, Pang G, Pang Z, Gu Y, Mantysalo M, Yang H. Non-Invasive Flexible and Stretchable Wearable Sensors With Nano-Based Enhancement for Chronic Disease Care. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2018; 12:34-71. [PMID: 30571646 DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2018.2887301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Advances in flexible and stretchable electronics, functional nanomaterials, and micro/nano manufacturing have been made in recent years. These advances have accelerated the development of wearable sensors. Wearable sensors, with excellent flexibility, stretchability, durability, and sensitivity, have attractive application prospects in the next generation of personal devices for chronic disease care. Flexible and stretchable wearable sensors play an important role in endowing chronic disease care systems with the capability of long-term and real-time tracking of biomedical signals. These signals are closely associated with human body chronic conditions, such as heart rate, wrist/neck pulse, blood pressure, body temperature, and biofluids information. Monitoring these signals with wearable sensors provides a convenient and non-invasive way for chronic disease diagnoses and health monitoring. In this review, the applications of wearable sensors in chronic disease care are introduced. In addition, this review exploits a comprehensive investigation of requirements for flexibility and stretchability, and methods of nano-based enhancement. Furthermore, recent progress in wearable sensors-including pressure, strain, electrophysiological, electrochemical, temperature, and multifunctional sensors-is presented. Finally, opening research challenges and future directions of flexible and stretchable sensors are discussed.
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9
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Paulraj T, Wennmalm S, Riazanova AV, Wu Q, Crespo GA, Svagan AJ. Porous Cellulose Nanofiber-Based Microcapsules for Biomolecular Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41146-41154. [PMID: 30412378 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) have recently attracted a lot of attention in sensing because of their multifunctional character and properties such as renewability, nontoxicity, biodegradability, printability, and optical transparency in addition to unique physicochemical, barrier, and mechanical properties. However, the focus has exclusively been devoted toward developing two-dimensional sensing platforms in the form of nanopaper or nanocellulose-based hydrogels. To improve the flexibility and sensing performance in situ, for example, to detect biomarkers in vivo for early disease diagnostics, more advanced CNF-based structures are needed. Here, we developed porous and hollow, yet robust, CNF-based microcapsules using only the primary plant cell wall components, CNF, pectin, and xyloglucan, to assemble the capsule wall. The fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextrans with MW of 70 and 2000 kDa could enter the hollow capsules at a rate of 0.13 ± 0.04 and 0.014 ± 0.009 s-1, respectively. This property is very attractive because it minimizes the influence of mass transport through the capsule wall on the response time. As a proof of concept, glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme was loaded (and cross-linked) in the microcapsule interior with an encapsulation efficiency of 68 ± 2%. The GOx-loaded microcapsules were immobilized on a variety of surfaces (here, inside a flow channel, on a carbon-coated sensor or a graphite rod) and glucose concentrations up to 10 mM could successfully be measured. The present concept offers new opportunities in the development of simple, more efficient, and disposable nanocellulose-based analytical devices for several sensing applications including environmental monitoring, healthcare, and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Paulraj
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Stefan Wennmalm
- SciLifeLab, Department of Applied Physics, Experimental Biomolecular Physics , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Tomtebodavägen 23a , 171 65 Solna , Sweden
| | - Anastasia V Riazanova
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Gaston A Crespo
- Applied Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 30 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Anna J Svagan
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Teknikringen 56 , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
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10
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Tres F, Posada MM, Hall SD, Mohutsky MA, Taylor LS. Mechanistic understanding of the phase behavior of supersaturated solutions of poorly water-soluble drugs. Int J Pharm 2018; 543:29-37. [PMID: 29572154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are a promising formulation strategy to increase both the apparent aqueous solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Upon dissolution under nonsink conditions, ASDs can generate highly supersaturated drug solutions which can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and/or crystallization. In this study, the phase behavior of supersaturated solutions generated by antisolvent addition and upon the dissolution of ASDs was evaluated using fluorescence lifetime measurements and several other orthogonal techniques, including steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy, ultraviolet (UV) extinction and concentration profiles, ultracentrifuge measurements and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Ritonavir and lopinavir were chosen as poorly water-soluble model drugs, and the polymer, Kollidon VA64, was selected to form the dispersions. The fluorescence lifetime of the environment-sensitive fluoroprobe, PRODAN, was monitored to determine the occurrence of LLPS and crystallization. It was found that only the 10% w/w drug loading ASDs dissolved to a concentration in solution higher than the LLPS concentration and this led to an increase in the lifetime of PRODAN due to partitioning of the fluoroprobe into the drug-rich phase. In contrast, the 50% w/w drug loading ASDs did not reach the amorphous solubility, pointing to a dissolution behavior controlled by the low water solubility and high hydrophobicity of the drug. Fluorescence lifetime measurements were demonstrated to be extremely useful for the characterization of the phase behavior of supersaturated solutions of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tres
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Maria M Posada
- Department of Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN 46225, United States
| | - Stephen D Hall
- Department of Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN 46225, United States
| | - Michael A Mohutsky
- Department of Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN 46225, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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11
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Luo T, Zhou T, Zhao Y, Liu L, Qu J. Multiplexed fluorescence lifetime imaging by concentration-dependent quenching. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1912-1919. [PMID: 32254357 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00095f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to use the undesirable concentration-dependent quenching to propose a simple multiplexed imaging analysis for histopathological identification of different stained tissues. To verify this point, the relationship between the fluorescence lifetime and eosin concentration was obtained. At low concentrations, the fluorescence lifetimes of eosin were independent of the concentration (<0.25 μg ml-1). At moderate concentrations (0.25-1 μg ml-1), eosin was quenched and its fluorescence lifetime was shortened gradually. Interestingly, the fluorescence of eosin was still quenched when the concentration exceeded 1 μg ml-1, but its corresponding fluorescence lifetimes increase with increased concentration (>100 μg ml-1). To further verify that multiplexed imaging of different tissues could be achieved only by eosin, we used fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to measure fluorescence lifetimes from hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections. Working directly on an average fluorescence lifetime (τm) histogram for lifetime-based separation easily achieved multiplexed imaging in situ. H&E stained erythrocytes, smooth muscles, collagen and artificial structures on a prepared microscopic slide could be identified without the need of alternating laser excitation, using hyperspectral systems and special staining or multi-labeled immunofluorescence. Using only eosin, different types of tissues could be distinguished by eosin concentration-dependent quenching. Hence, eosin fluorescence lifetimes potentially simplify multiplexed imaging and may have potential applications for pathological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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12
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Tres F, Hall SD, Mohutsky MA, Taylor LS. Monitoring the Phase Behavior of Supersaturated Solutions of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs Using Fluorescence Techniques. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:94-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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De Acha N, Elosua C, Matias I, Arregui FJ. Luminescence-Based Optical Sensors Fabricated by Means of the Layer-by-Layer Nano-Assembly Technique. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E2826. [PMID: 29211050 PMCID: PMC5751518 DOI: 10.3390/s17122826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Luminescence-based sensing applications range from agriculture to biology, including medicine and environmental care, which indicates the importance of this technique as a detection tool. Luminescent optical sensors are required to be highly stable, sensitive, and selective, three crucial features that can be achieved by fabricating them by means of the layer-by-layer nano-assembly technique. This method permits us to tailor the sensors' properties at the nanometer scale, avoiding luminophore aggregation and, hence, self-quenching, promoting the diffusion of the target analytes, and building a barrier against the undesired molecules. These characteristics give rise to the fabrication of custom-made sensors for each particular application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea De Acha
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Cesar Elosua
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Matias
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Arregui
- Department of Electric and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Public University of Navarra, E-31006 Pamplona, Spain.
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14
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Fonin AV, Golikova AD, Zvereva IA, D'Auria S, Staiano M, Uversky VN, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Osmolyte-Like Stabilizing Effects of Low GdnHCl Concentrations on d-Glucose/d-Galactose-Binding Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2008. [PMID: 28925982 PMCID: PMC5618657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18092008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of d-glucose/d-galactose-binding protein (GGBP) to reversibly interact with its ligands, glucose and galactose, makes this protein an attractive candidate for sensing elements of glucose biosensors. This potential is largely responsible for attracting researchers to study the conformational properties of this protein. Previously, we showed that an increase in the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent dye 6-bromoacetyl-2-dimetylaminonaphtalene (BADAN) is linked to the holo-form of the GGBP/H152C mutant in solutions containing sub-denaturing concentrations of guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl). It was hypothesized that low GdnHCl concentrations might lead to compaction of the protein, thereby facilitating ligand binding. In this work, we utilize BADAN fluorescence spectroscopy, intrinsic protein UV fluorescence spectroscopy, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to show that the sub-denaturing GdnHCl concentrations possess osmolyte-like stabilizing effects on the structural dynamics, conformational stability, and functional activity of GGBP/H152C and the wild type of this protein (wtGGBP). Our data are consistent with the model where low GdnHCl concentrations promote a shift in the dynamic distribution of the protein molecules toward a conformational ensemble enriched in molecules with a tighter structure and a more closed conformation. This promotes the increase in the configurational complementarity between the protein and glucose molecules that leads to the increase in glucose affinity in both GGBP/H152C and wtGGBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Fonin
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Alexandra D Golikova
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Irina A Zvereva
- Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Sabato D'Auria
- CNR, Institute of Food Science, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
| | - Maria Staiano
- CNR, Institute of Food Science, via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy.
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Irina M Kuznetsova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Konstantin K Turoverov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Tikhoretsky av. 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Biophysics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya av. 29, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia.
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15
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Zhu X, Shinohara H, Miyatake R, Hohsaka T. Novel biosensor system model based on fluorescence quenching by a fluorescent streptavidin and carbazole-labeled biotin. J Mol Recognit 2016; 29:485-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Zhu
- Innovation Research Centre of Acupuncture Combined with Medicine; Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine; Xi'an-Xianyang New Ecomic Zone Shaanxi Province 712046 China
| | - Hiroaki Shinohara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research; University of Toyama; 3190 Gofuku Toyama 930-8555 Japan
| | - Ryuta Miyatake
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research; University of Toyama; 3190 Gofuku Toyama 930-8555 Japan
| | - Takahiro Hohsaka
- School of Materials Science; Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology; 1-1 Asahidai Nomi Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan
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16
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Nakabayashi T, Ohta N. Sensing of intracellular environments by fluorescence lifetime imaging of exogenous fluorophores. ANAL SCI 2016; 31:275-85. [PMID: 25864670 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.31.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) has been recognized as a powerful microscopy technique to examine environments in living systems. The fluorescence lifetime does not depend on the photobleaching and optical conditions, which allows us to obtain quantitative information on intracellular environments by analyzing the fluorescence lifetime. A variety of exogenous fluorophores have been applied in FLIM measurements to examine cellular processes. Information on the correlation between the fluorescence lifetime and the physiological parameters is essential to elucidate the cellular environments from the fluorescence lifetime measurements of exogenous fluorophores. In this review, exogenous fluorophores used for lifetime-based sensing are summarized, with the expectation that it becomes a basis for selecting the fluorophore used to investigate the intracellular environment with FLIM. Experimental results of the intracellular sensing of pH, metal ions, oxygen, viscosity, and other physiological parameters on the basis of the FLIM measurements are described along with a brief explanation of the mechanism of the change in the fluorescence lifetime.
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Abstract
Visualization of biological processes and pathologic conditions at the cellular and tissue levels largely relies on the use of fluorescence intensity signals from fluorophores or their bioconjugates. To overcome the concentration dependency of intensity measurements, evaluate subtle molecular interactions, and determine biochemical status of intracellular or extracellular microenvironments, fluorescence lifetime (FLT) imaging has emerged as a reliable imaging method complementary to intensity measurements. Driven by a wide variety of dyes exhibiting stable or environment-responsive FLTs, information multiplexing can be readily accomplished without the need for ratiometric spectral imaging. With knowledge of the fluorescent states of the molecules, it is entirely possible to predict the functional status of biomolecules or microevironment of cells. Whereas the use of FLT spectroscopy and microscopy in biological studies is now well-established, in vivo imaging of biological processes based on FLT imaging techniques is still evolving. This review summarizes recent advances in the application of the FLT of molecular probes for imaging cells and small animal models of human diseases. It also highlights some challenges that continue to limit the full realization of the potential of using FLT molecular probes to address diverse biological problems and outlines areas of potential high impact in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Sarder
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Dolonchampa Maji
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
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18
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Fonin A, Kuznetsova I, Turoverov K. Spectral properties of BADAN in solutions with different polarities. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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20
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Pickup JC. Banting Memorial Lecture 2014* Technology and diabetes care: appropriate and personalized. Diabet Med 2015; 32:3-13. [PMID: 25345658 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion was initially developed as a research procedure in the 1970s but quickly became a routine treatment for selected people with Type 1 diabetes. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and other diabetes technologies, such as continuous glucose monitoring, are now an established and evidence-based part of diabetes care, but there has been some confusion about effectiveness and best use, particularly because of conflicting results from meta-analyses. This is because literature summary meta-analyses (including all trials) are inappropriate for therapeutic and economic decision-making; such meta-analyses should only include trials representative of groups likely to benefit. For example, for continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, this would be those with continued disabling hypoglycaemia or elevated HbA1c levels. Alternatively, individual patient data meta-analysis allows modelling of covariates that determine effect size, e.g. in the case of continuous glucose monitoring, baseline HbA1c and frequency of sensor usage. Diabetes technology is therefore an example of personalized medicine, where evaluation and use should be both appropriate and targeted. This will also apply to future technologies such as new 'patch' pumps for Type 2 diabetes, closed-loop insulin delivery systems and nanomedicine applications in diabetes that we are currently researching. These include fluorescence lifetime-based non-invasive glucose monitoring and nanoencapsulation of islets for improved post-transplant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Pickup
- Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
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21
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Stepanenko OV, Fonin AV, Stepanenko OV, Staiano M, D'Auria S, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Tryptophan residue of the D-galactose/D-glucose-binding protein from E. Coli localized in its active center does not contribute to the change in intrinsic fluorescence upon glucose binding. J Fluoresc 2014; 25:87-94. [PMID: 25501855 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-014-1483-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Changes of the characteristics of intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the wild type of D-galactose/D-glucose-binding protein from Escherichia coli (GGBPwt) induced by D-glucose binding were examined by the intrinsic UV-fluorescence of proteins, circular dyhroism in the near-UV region, and acrylamide-induced fluorescence quenching. The analysis of the different characteristics of GGBPwt and its mutant form GGBP-W183A together with the analysis of the microenvironment of tryptophan residues of GGBPwt revealed that Trp 183, which is directly involved in sugar binding, has the least influence on the provoked by D-glucose blue shift and increase in the intensity of protein intrinsic fluorescence in comparison with other tryptophan residues of GGBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Stepanenko
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky ave., 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
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22
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Scognamiglio V, Arduini F, Palleschi G, Rea G. Biosensing technology for sustainable food safety. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Pospíšil P, Luxem KE, Ener M, Sýkora J, Kocábová J, Gray HB, Vlček A, Hof M. Fluorescence quenching of (dimethylamino)naphthalene dyes Badan and Prodan by tryptophan in cytochromes P450 and micelles. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:10085-91. [PMID: 25079965 PMCID: PMC4148165 DOI: 10.1021/jp504625d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Fluorescence
of 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-6-propionylnaphthalene
dyes Badan and Prodan is quenched by tryptophan in Brij 58 micelles
as well as in two cytochrome P450 proteins (CYP102, CYP119) with Badan
covalently attached to a cysteine residue. Formation of nonemissive
complexes between a dye molecule and tryptophan accounts for about
76% of the fluorescence intensity quenching in micelles, the rest
is due to diffusive encounters. In the absence of tryptophan, fluorescence
of Badan-labeled cytochromes decays with triexponential kinetics characterized
by lifetimes of about 100 ps, 700–800 ps, and 3 ns. Site mutation
of a histidine residue in the vicinity of the Badan label by tryptophan
results in shortening of all three decay lifetimes. The relative amplitude
of the fastest component increases at the expense of the two slower
ones. The average quenching rate constants are 4.5 × 108 s–1 (CYP102) and 3.7 × 108 s–1 (CYP119), at 288 K. Cyclic voltammetry of Prodan
in MeCN shows a reversible reduction peak at −1.85 V vs NHE
that becomes chemically irreversible and shifts positively upon addition
of water. A quasireversible reduction at −0.88 V was observed
in an aqueous buffer (pH 7.3). The excited-state reduction potential
of Prodan (and Badan) is estimated to vary from about +0.6 V (vs NHE)
in polar aprotic media (MeCN) to approximately +1.6 V in water. Tryptophan
quenching of Badan/Prodan fluorescence in CYPs and Brij 58 micelles
is exergonic by ≤0.5 V and involves tryptophan oxidation by
excited Badan/Prodan, coupled with a fast reaction between the reduced
dye and water. Photoreduction is a new quenching mechanism for 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-6-propionylnaphthalene
dyes that are often used as solvatochromic polarity probes, FRET donors
and acceptors, as well as reporters of solvation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Pospíšil
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Dolejškova 3, CZ-182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
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Mitra K, Ghosh AB, Sarkar A, Saha N, Dutta AK. Colorimetric estimation of human glucose level using γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles: An easily recoverable effective mimic peroxidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 451:30-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Fonin AV, Stepanenko OV, Povarova OI, Volova CA, Philippova EM, Bublikov GS, Kuznetsova IM, Demchenko AP, Turoverov KK. Spectral characteristics of the mutant form GGBP/H152C of D-glucose/D-galactose-binding protein labeled with fluorescent dye BADAN: influence of external factors. PeerJ 2014; 2:e275. [PMID: 24711960 PMCID: PMC3970809 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mutant form GGBP/H152C of the D-glucose/D-galactose-binding protein with the solvatochromic dye BADAN linked to cysteine residue Cys 152 can be used as a potential base for a sensitive element of glucose biosensor system. We investigated the influence of various external factors on the physical-chemical properties of GGBP/H152C-BADAN and its complex with glucose. The high affinity (Kd = 8.5 µM) and high binding rate of glucose make GGBP/H152C-BADAN a good candidate to determine the sugar content in biological fluids extracted using transdermal techniques. It was shown that changes in the ionic strength and pH of solution within the physiological range did not have a significant influence on the fluorescent characteristics of GGBP/H152C-BADAN. The mutant form GGBP/H152C has relatively low resistance to denaturation action of GdnHCl and urea. This result emphasizes the need to find more stable proteins for the creation of a sensitive element for a glucose biosensor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Fonin
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Olga V Stepanenko
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Olga I Povarova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Catherine A Volova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia ; Department of Biology, St. Petersburg State University , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Elizaveta M Philippova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia ; Department of Physical Electronics, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Grigory S Bublikov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Irina M Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia ; Department of Biophysics, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University , St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Alexander P Demchenko
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnologies, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Kiev , Ukraine
| | - Konstantin K Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science , St. Petersburg , Russia ; Department of Biophysics, St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University , St. Petersburg , Russia
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26
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Near-infrared fluorescence glucose sensing based on glucose/galactose-binding protein coupled to 651-Blue Oxazine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 438:488-92. [PMID: 23928160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dyes that are environmentally sensitive or solvatochromic are useful tools for protein labelling in in vivo biosensor applications such as glucose monitoring in diabetes since their spectral properties are mostly independent of tissue autofluorescence and light scattering, and they offer potential for non-invasive analyte sensing. We showed that the fluorophore 651-Blue Oxazine is polarity-sensitive, with a marked reduction in NIR fluorescence on increasing solvent polarity. Mutants of glucose/galactose-binding protein (GBP) used as the glucose receptor were site-specifically and covalently labelled with Blue Oxazine using click chemistry. Mutants H152C/A213R and H152C/A213R/L238S showed fluorescence increases of 15% and 21% on addition of saturating glucose concentrations and binding constants of 6 and 25mM respectively. Fluorescence responses to glucose were preserved when GBP-Blue Oxazine was immobilised to agarose beads, and the beads were excited by NIR light through a mouse skin preparation studied in vitro. We conclude GBP-Blue Oxazine shows proof-of-concept as a non-invasive continuous glucose sensing system.
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27
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Zhi ZL, Khan F, Pickup JC. Multilayer nanoencapsulation: a nanomedicine technology for diabetes research and management. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 100:162-9. [PMID: 23273839 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanothickness encapsulation using a layer-by-layer technique has applications in several areas of diabetes research, including improved glucose sensors, islet cell transplantation and oral insulin delivery. We have fabricated microvesicles containing a fluorescence lifetime-based glucose sensing system, with bacterial glucose-binding protein as the glucose receptor. Such sensors are suitable for impregnation in the dermis as a 'smart tattoo' type of non-invasive glucose monitoring technology. Nanoencapsulation of islet cells is intended to alleviate the immediate blood-mediated inflammatory reaction which is responsible for early islet loss post-transplant. In an allogeneic diabetic mouse model, nanoencapsulated islets with phosporylcholine-modified polysaccharide coating, significantly extended survival of transplanted islets. In early studies aimed at formulating an effective oral insulin preparation, insulin-chitosan colloids coated with nanolayers of chitosan and heparin had enhanced acid stability and effectively lowered blood glucose in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Liang Zhi
- Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 1UL, UK
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28
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Pickup JC, Khan F, Zhi ZL, Coulter J, Birch DJS. Fluorescence intensity- and lifetime-based glucose sensing using glucose/galactose-binding protein. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2013; 7:62-71. [PMID: 23439161 PMCID: PMC3692217 DOI: 10.1177/193229681300700108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We review progress in our laboratories toward developing in vivo glucose sensors for diabetes that are based on fluorescence labeling of glucose/galactose-binding protein. Measurement strategies have included both monitoring glucose-induced changes in fluorescence resonance energy transfer and labeling with the environmentally sensitive fluorophore, badan. Measuring fluorescence lifetime rather than intensity has particular potential advantages for in vivo sensing. A prototype fiber-optic-based glucose sensor using this technology is being tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Pickup
- Diabetes Research Group, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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29
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Chen NT, Wu CY, Chung CY, Hwu Y, Cheng SH, Mou CY, Lo LW. Probing the dynamics of doxorubicin-DNA intercalation during the initial activation of apoptosis by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). PLoS One 2012; 7:e44947. [PMID: 23028696 PMCID: PMC3445590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a potent anthracycline antibiotic, commonly used to treat a wide range of cancers. Although postulated to intercalate between DNA bases, many of the details of doxorubicin's mechanism of action remain unclear. In this work, we demonstrate the ability of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to dynamically monitor doxorubicin-DNA intercalation during the earliest stages of apoptosis. The fluorescence lifetime of doxorubicin in nuclei is found to decrease rapidly during the first 2 hours following drug administration, suggesting significant changes in the doxorubicin-DNA binding site's microenvironment upon apoptosis initiation. Decreases in doxorubicin fluorescence lifetimes were found to be concurrent with increases in phosphorylation of H2AX (an immediate signal of DNA double-strand breakage), but preceded activation of caspase-3 (a late signature of apoptosis) by more than 150 minutes. Time-dependent doxorubicin FLIM analyses of the effects of pretreating cells with either Cyclopentylidene-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl)-hydrazine (a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor) or Trichostatin A (a histone deacetylase inhibitor) revealed significant correlation of fluorescence lifetime with the stage of chromatin decondensation. Taken together, our findings suggest that monitoring the dynamics of doxorubicin fluorescence lifetimes can provide valuable information during the earliest phases of doxorubicin-induced apoptosis; and implicate that FLIM can serve as a sensitive, high-resolution tool for the elucidation of intercellular mechanisms and kinetics of anti-cancer drugs that bear fluorescent moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Tzu Chen
- Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
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30
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Influence of hole mobility on the response characteristics of p-type nickel oxide thin film based glucose biosensor. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 726:93-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Matthews DR, Fruhwirth GO, Weitsman G, Carlin LM, Ofo E, Keppler M, Barber PR, Tullis IDC, Vojnovic B, Ng T, Ameer-Beg SM. A multi-functional imaging approach to high-content protein interaction screening. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33231. [PMID: 22506000 PMCID: PMC3323588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional imaging can provide a level of quantification that is not possible in what might be termed traditional high-content screening. This is due to the fact that the current state-of-the-art high-content screening systems take the approach of scaling-up single cell assays, and are therefore based on essentially pictorial measures as assay indicators. Such phenotypic analyses have become extremely sophisticated, advancing screening enormously, but this approach can still be somewhat subjective. We describe the development, and validation, of a prototype high-content screening platform that combines steady-state fluorescence anisotropy imaging with fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). This functional approach allows objective, quantitative screening of small molecule libraries in protein-protein interaction assays. We discuss the development of the instrumentation, the process by which information on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) can be extracted from wide-field, acceptor fluorescence anisotropy imaging and cross-checking of this modality using lifetime imaging by time-correlated single-photon counting. Imaging of cells expressing protein constructs where eGFP and mRFP1 are linked with amino-acid chains of various lengths (7, 19 and 32 amino acids) shows the two methodologies to be highly correlated. We validate our approach using a small-scale inhibitor screen of a Cdc42 FRET biosensor probe expressed in epidermoid cancer cells (A431) in a 96 microwell-plate format. We also show that acceptor fluorescence anisotropy can be used to measure variations in hetero-FRET in protein-protein interactions. We demonstrate this using a screen of inhibitors of internalization of the transmembrane receptor, CXCR4. These assays enable us to demonstrate all the capabilities of the instrument, image processing and analytical techniques that have been developed. Direct correlation between acceptor anisotropy and donor FLIM is observed for FRET assays, providing an opportunity to rapidly screen proteins, interacting on the nano-meter scale, using wide-field imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Matthews
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gilbert O. Fruhwirth
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Weitsman
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leo M. Carlin
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Enyinnaya Ofo
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Keppler
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R. Barber
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iain D. C. Tullis
- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Borivoj Vojnovic
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tony Ng
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon M. Ameer-Beg
- Division of Cancer Studies, Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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32
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An epifluorescence microscopy method for generalized polarization imaging. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 415:686-90. [PMID: 22079294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.10.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Generalized polarization (GP) microscopy represents an excellent tool to study lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions in situ and in vitro. Here, we present an efficient and cost effective method to perform GP microscopy using a standard light-emitting diode (LED) epifluorescence microscope equipped with a digital color camera.
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33
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Weidemaier K, Lastovich A, Keith S, Pitner JB, Sistare M, Jacobson R, Kurisko D. Multi-day pre-clinical demonstration of glucose/galactose binding protein-based fiber optic sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:4117-23. [PMID: 21549586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We report here the first pre-clinical demonstration of continuous glucose tracking by fluorophore-labeled and genetically engineered glucose/galactose binding protein (GGBP). Acrylodan-labeled GGBP was immobilized in a hydrogel matrix at the tip of a small diameter optical fiber contained in a stainless steel needle. The fiber optic biosensors were inserted subcutaneously into Yucatan and Yorkshire swine, and the sensor response to changing glucose levels was monitored at intervals over a 7-day period. Sensor mean percent error on day 7 was 16.4±5.0% using a single daily reference blood glucose value to calibrate the sensor. The GGBP sensor's susceptibility to common interferents was tested in a well-plate system using human sera. No significant interference was observed from the tested interferents except for tetracycline at the drug's maximum plasma concentration. The robust performance of the GGBP-based fiber optic sensor in swine models and resistance to interferents indicates the potential of this technology for continuous glucose monitoring in humans.
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34
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Saxl T, Khan F, Ferla M, Birch D, Pickup J. A fluorescence lifetime-based fibre-optic glucose sensor using glucose/galactose-binding protein. Analyst 2011; 136:968-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00430h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Pickup JC, Zhi ZL, Khan F, Saxl TE. Nanomedicine in diabetes management: where we are now and where next. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2010; 5:791-794. [PMID: 30780832 DOI: 10.1586/eem.10.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John C Pickup
- a Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Zheng-Liang Zhi
- b Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Faaizah Khan
- b Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tania E Saxl
- b Diabetes Research Group, King's College London School of Medicine, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 1UL, UK
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36
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Cash KJ, Clark HA. Nanosensors and nanomaterials for monitoring glucose in diabetes. Trends Mol Med 2010; 16:584-93. [PMID: 20869318 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, diabetes is a rapidly growing problem that is managed at the individual level by monitoring and controlling blood glucose levels to minimize the negative effects of the disease. Because of limitations in diagnostic methods, significant research efforts are focused on developing improved methods to measure glucose. Nanotechnology has impacted these efforts by increasing the surface area of sensors, improving the catalytic properties of electrodes and providing nanoscale sensors. Here, we discuss developments in the past several years on both nanosensors that directly measure glucose and nanomaterials that improve glucose sensor function. Finally, we discuss challenges that must be overcome to apply these developments in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Cash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 110 Mugar Life Sciences Building, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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37
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Nielsen LJ, Olsen LF, Ozalp VC. Aptamers embedded in polyacrylamide nanoparticles: a tool for in vivo metabolite sensing. ACS NANO 2010; 4:4361-70. [PMID: 20731422 DOI: 10.1021/nn100635j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe a new type of aptamer-based optical nanosensor which uses the embedding of target responsive oligonucleotides in porous polyacrylamide nanoparticles to eliminate nuclease instability. The latter is a common problem in the use of aptamer sensors in biological environments. These aptamers embedded in nanoparticles (AptaNPs) are proposed as a tool in real-time metabolite measurements in living cells. The AptaNPs comprise 30 nm polyacrylamide nanoparticles, prepared by inverse microemulsion polymerization, which contain water-soluble aptamer switch probes (ASPs) trapped in the porous matrix of the nanoparticles. The matrix acts as a molecular fence allowing rapid diffusion of small metabolites into the particles to interact with the aptamer molecules, but at the same time it retains the larger aptamer molecules inside the nanoparticles providing protection against intracellular degradation. We tested the ability of the AptaNPs to measure the adenine-nucleotide content in yeast cells. Our results successfully demonstrate the potential for monitoring any metabolite of interest in living cells by selecting specific aptamers and embedding them in nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise J Nielsen
- CelCom, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Y. Berezin
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Ave, St. Louis, USA, Tel. 314-747-0701, 314-362-8599, fax 314-747-5191
| | - Samuel Achilefu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Ave, St. Louis, USA, Tel. 314-747-0701, 314-362-8599, fax 314-747-5191
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Khan F, Saxl TE, Pickup JC. Fluorescence intensity- and lifetime-based glucose sensing using an engineered high-Kd mutant of glucose/galactose-binding protein. Anal Biochem 2010; 399:39-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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