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Chen L, Yang G, Qu F. Aptamer-based sensors for fluid biopsies of protein disease markers. Talanta 2024; 276:126246. [PMID: 38796994 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Fluid biopsy technology, characterized by its minimally invasive nature, speed, and continuity, has become a rapidly advancing and widely applied real-time diagnostic technique. Among various biomarkers, proteins represent the most abundant class of disease indicators. The sensitive and accurate detection of protein markers in bodily fluids is significantly influenced by the control exerted by recognition ligands. Aptamers, which are structurally dynamic functional oligonucleotides, exhibit high affinity, specific recognition of targets, and notable characteristics of high editability and modularity. These features make aptamer universal "recognition-capture" components, contribute to a significant leap in their applications within the biosensor domain. In this context, we provide a comprehensive review of the extensive application of aptamer-based biosensors in fluid biopsy. We systematically compile the characteristics and construction strategies of aptamer-based biosensors tailored for fluid biopsy, including aptamer sequences, affinity (KD), fluid background, sensing technologies, sensor construction strategies, incubation time, detection performance, and influencing factors. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages was conducted. In conclusion, we delineate and deliberate on prospective research trajectories and challenges that lie ahead in the realm of aptamer-based biosensors for fluid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ge Yang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Feng Qu
- School of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Fathi-Karkan S, Sargazi S, Shojaei S, Farasati Far B, Mirinejad S, Cordani M, Khosravi A, Zarrabi A, Ghavami S. Biotin-functionalized nanoparticles: an overview of recent trends in cancer detection. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12750-12792. [PMID: 38899396 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00634h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical bio-sensing is a potent and efficient method for converting various biological recognition events into voltage, current, and impedance electrical signals. Biochemical sensors are now a common part of medical applications, such as detecting blood glucose levels, detecting food pathogens, and detecting specific cancers. As an exciting feature, bio-affinity couples, such as proteins with aptamers, ligands, paired nucleotides, and antibodies with antigens, are commonly used as bio-sensitive elements in electrochemical biosensors. Biotin-avidin interactions have been utilized for various purposes in recent years, such as targeting drugs, diagnosing clinically, labeling immunologically, biotechnology, biomedical engineering, and separating or purifying biomolecular compounds. The interaction between biotin and avidin is widely regarded as one of the most robust and reliable noncovalent interactions due to its high bi-affinity and ability to remain selective and accurate under various reaction conditions and bio-molecular attachments. More recently, there have been numerous attempts to develop electrochemical sensors to sense circulating cancer cells and the measurement of intracellular levels of protein thiols, formaldehyde, vitamin-targeted polymers, huwentoxin-I, anti-human antibodies, and a variety of tumor markers (including alpha-fetoprotein, epidermal growth factor receptor, prostate-specific Ag, carcinoembryonic Ag, cancer antigen 125, cancer antigen 15-3, etc.). Still, the non-specific binding of biotin to endogenous biotin-binding proteins present in biological samples can result in false-positive signals and hinder the accurate detection of cancer biomarkers. This review summarizes various categories of biotin-functional nanoparticles designed to detect such biomarkers and highlights some challenges in using them as diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fathi-Karkan
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, 94531-55166 Iran.
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd 9414974877, Iran.
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Shirin Shojaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkiye.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkiye.
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Jafarisani M, Hashemi SA, Faridi N, Mousavi MF, Bathaie SZ. Cadmium nanocluster as a safe nanocarrier: biodistribution in BALB/c mice and application to carry crocin to breast cancer cell lines. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:522-542. [PMID: 38966182 PMCID: PMC11220307 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Metal nanoclusters are emerging nanomaterials applicable for drug delivery. Here, the toxicity and oxidative stress induction of divalent cationic cadmium (Cd2+) was compared with a Cd in the form of nanocluster. Then, it was used for targeted drug delivery into breast cancer cell lines. Methods Using a green chemistry route, a Cd nanocluster (Cd-NC) was synthesized based on bovine serum albumin. After characterization, its genotoxicity and oxidative stress induction were studied in both in vitro and in vivo. After that, it was conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA). The efficiency of hyaloronized-Cd-CN (HA-Cd-NC) for loading and releasing crocin (Cro), an anticancer phytochemical, was studied. Finally, it was applied for cell death induction in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. Results The comet assay results indicated that, unlike Cd2+ and potassium permanganate (KMnO4), no genotoxicity and oxidative stress was induced by Cd-NC in vitro. Then, the pharmacokinetics of this Cd-NC was studied in vivo. The data showed that Cd-NC has accumulated in the liver and excreted from the feces of mice. Unlike Cd2+, no toxicity and oxidative stress were induced by this Cd-NC in animal tissues. Then, the Cd-NC was targeted toward breast cancer cells by adding HA, a ligand for the CD44 cell surface receptor. After that, Cro was loaded on HA-Cd-NC and it was used for the treatment of a panel of human breast cancer cell lines with varying degrees of CD44. The half-maximal drug inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Cro was significantly decreased when it was loaded on HA-Cd-NC, especially in MDA-MB-468 with a higher degree of CD44 at the surface. These results indicate the higher toxicity of Cro toward breast cancers when carried out by HA-Cd-NC. Conclusions The Cd-NC was completely safe and is a promising candidate for delivering anticancer drugs/phytochemicals into the targeted breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Jafarisani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran 14155-331, Iran
| | - S. Ali Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran 14155-331, Iran
| | - Nassim Faridi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran 14155-331, Iran
| | - Mir F. Mousavi
- Institute for Natural Products and Medicinal Plants (INPMP), Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran 14155-331, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran 14115-175, Iran
| | - S. Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran 14155-331, Iran
- Institute for Natural Products and Medicinal Plants (INPMP), Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran 14155-331, Iran
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Cheng HP, Yang TH, Wang JC, Chuang HS. Recent Trends and Innovations in Bead-Based Biosensors for Cancer Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2904. [PMID: 38733011 PMCID: PMC11086254 DOI: 10.3390/s24092904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Demand is strong for sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic tools for cancer detection. Accordingly, bead-based biosensors have emerged in recent years as promising diagnostic platforms based on wide-ranging cancer biomarkers owing to the versatility, high sensitivity, and flexibility to perform the multiplexing of beads. This comprehensive review highlights recent trends and innovations in the development of bead-based biosensors for cancer-biomarker detection. We introduce various types of bead-based biosensors such as optical, electrochemical, and magnetic biosensors, along with their respective advantages and limitations. Moreover, the review summarizes the latest advancements, including fabrication techniques, signal-amplification strategies, and integration with microfluidics and nanotechnology. Additionally, the challenges and future perspectives in the field of bead-based biosensors for cancer-biomarker detection are discussed. Understanding these innovations in bead-based biosensors can greatly contribute to improvements in cancer diagnostics, thereby facilitating early detection and personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Pin Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan (T.-H.Y.)
| | - Tai-Hua Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan (T.-H.Y.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Cheng Wang
- Department of Urology, Chimei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 710, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sheng Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan (T.-H.Y.)
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Sakthivel R, Lin YC, Yu MC, Dhawan U, Liu X, Chen JC, Tung CW, Chung RJ. A sensitive sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor using nitrogen-doped graphene/metal-organic framework-derived CuMnCoO x and Au/MXene for the detection of breast cancer biomarker. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113755. [PMID: 38241894 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
In terms of cancer-related deaths among women, breast cancer (BC) is the most common. Clinically, human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the most commonly used diagnostic biomarkers for facilitating BC cell proliferation and malignant growth. In this study, a disposable gold electrode (DGE) modified with gold nanoparticle-decorated Ti3C2Tx (Au/MXene) was utilized as a sensing platform to immobilize the capturing antibody (Ab1/Au/MXene). Subsequently, nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) with a metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived copper-manganese-cobalt oxide, tagged as NG/CuMnCoOx, was used as a probe to label the detection antibody (Ab2). A sandwich-type immunosensor (NG/CuMnCoOx/Ab2/HER2-ECD /Ab1/Au/MXene/DGE) was developed to quantify HER2-ECD. NG/CuMnCoOx enhances the conductivity, electrocatalytic active sites, and surface area to immobilize Ab2. In addition, Au/MXene facilitates electron transport and captures more Ab1 on its surface. Under optimal conditions, the resultant immunosensor displayed an excellent linear range of 0.0001 to 50.0 ng. mL-1. The detection limit was 0.757 pg·mL-1 with excellent selectivity, appreciable reproducibility, and high stability. Moreover, the applicability for determining HER2-ECD in human serum samples indicates its ability to monitor tumor markers clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Sakthivel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Udesh Dhawan
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, Mazumdar-Shaw Advanced Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Xinke Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chinese Engineering and Research Institute of Microelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jung-Chih Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Catholic Mercy Hospital, Catholic Mercy Medical Foundation, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Medical Device Innovation & Translation Centre, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Wei Tung
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Ren-Jei Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan; High-value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei, Taiwan.
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Gangopadhyay B, Roy A, Paul D, Panda S, Das B, Karmakar S, Dutta K, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay D. 3-Polythiophene Acetic Acid Nanosphere Anchored Few-Layer Graphene Nanocomposites for Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensing of Liver Cancer Biomarker. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:485-497. [PMID: 38165836 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
This study devised a label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the quantitative detection of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). 3-Polythiophene acetic acid (3-PTAA) nanoparticles were anchored onto a few-layer graphene (FLG) nanosheet, and the resulting nanocomposite was utilized as the immunosensor platform. The AFP antibody (anti-AFP) was immobilized on 3-PTAA@FLG via a covalent interaction between the amine group of anti-AFP and the carboxylic group of 3-PTAA via ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling. FLG is largely responsible for providing electrochemical signals, whereas 3-PTAA nanoparticles are well-known for their ability to be compatible with biological molecules in neutral aqueous solutions. Moreover, the carboxyl group present in 3-PTAA effectively binds anti-AFP through EDC/NHS conjugation. Owing to good dispersibility and higher surface area of 3-PTAA, it is very convenient for casting the polymer directly on the electrode substrate followed by immobilization of anti-AFP. Thus, it is feasible to regulate the activity of AFP proteins and control the spatial distribution of the immobilized anti-AFP proteins. The electrochemical sensing performance was assessed via cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For an increase in the bioconjugate concentration, the results demonstrated a surge in charge-transfer resistance and a consequent decline in the current response. This approach effectively detected AFP at an extended dynamic range of 0.0001-250 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.047 pg/mL. Furthermore, the sensing capacity of the immunosensor for AFP detection has been demonstrated to be steady in real human serum cultures. Our approach exhibits good electrochemical performance in terms of reproducibility, selectivity, and stability, which would surely impart budding applications in the clinical diagnosis of several other tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuman Gangopadhyay
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Aindrila Roy
- Department of Electronic Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Debanjan Paul
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Subrata Panda
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Beauty Das
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Srikanta Karmakar
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Koushik Dutta
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Sanatan Chattopadhyay
- Center for Research in Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
- Department of Electronic Science, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Dipankar Chattopadhyay
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
- Center for Research in Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Calcutta, JD-2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
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Shubhangi, Nandi I, Rai SK, Chandra P. MOF-based nanocomposites as transduction matrices for optical and electrochemical sensing. Talanta 2024; 266:125124. [PMID: 37657374 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs), a class of crystalline microporous materials have been into research limelight lately due to their commendable physio-chemical properties and easy fabrication methods. They have enormous surface area which can be a working ground for innumerable molecule adhesions and site for potential sensor matrices. Their biocompatibility makes them valuable for in vitro detection systems but a compromised conductivity requires a lot of surface engineering of these molecules for their usage in electrochemical biosensors. However, they are not just restricted to a single type of transduction system rather can also be modified to achieve feat as optical (colorimetry, luminescence) and electro-luminescent biosensors. This review emphasizes on recent advancements in the area of MOF-based biosensors with focus on various MOF synthesis methods and their general properties along with selective attention to electrochemical, optical and opto-electrochemical hybrid biosensors. It also summarizes MOF-based biosensors for monitoring free radicals, metal ions, small molecules, macromolecules and cells in a wide range of real matrices. Extensive tables have been included for understanding recent trends in the field of MOF-composite probe fabrication. The article sums up the future scope of these materials in the field of biosensors and enlightens the reader with recent trends for future research scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Laboratory (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India; Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Indrani Nandi
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - S K Rai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Laboratory (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensors and Nanobioengineering, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
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de Oliveira TR, Manzine PR, Cominetti MR, Leite OD, Faria RC. Electrochemical magneto-immunoassay for detection of ADAM10 Alzheimer's biomarker using gold nanoparticles as label. Talanta 2024; 266:125042. [PMID: 37591151 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative and progressive illness with no known cure, is the most frequent cause of dementia in older adults. Dementia in AD is usually preceded by a stage of cognitive decline known as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI has gained attention as an ideal target for prevention and early interventions, considering its reversible characteristic. Here, we propose a magneto-immunoassay based on a low-cost screen-printed electrode for detecting soluble ADAM10 in plasma samples, a potential biomarker for early AD diagnosis. We present a sandwich immunoassay using magnetic beads modified with antibodies to capture ADAM10 from plasma samples and using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as an electrochemical label. The assay was designed to accurately detect ADAM10 in diluted plasma with a limit of detection (LoD) of 32.5 pg/mL and a dynamic linear range of 10.0-1000.0 pg/mL. Twenty-three plasma samples from the elderly, including patients with AD, MCI, and healthy subjects (negative control), were analyzed by the magneto-immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the ADAM10 levels correlated. This work shows the potential of this protein as a biomarker in the early diagnosis and progression of AD and provides an interesting disposable device with capabilities for applications as point-of-care (PoC) to measure ADAM10 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia R de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patricia R Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Oldair D Leite
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Technological University of Paraná, Medianeira, PR, 85884-000, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C Faria
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Meng X, Ma F, Yu D. The diverse effects of cisplatin on tumor microenvironment: Insights and challenges for the delivery of cisplatin by nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117362. [PMID: 37827371 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a well-known platinum-based chemotherapy medication that is widely utilized for some malignancies. Despite the direct cytotoxic consequences of cisplatin on tumor cells, studies in the recent decade have revealed that cisplatin can also affect different cells and their secretions in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cisplatin has complex impacts on the TME, which may contribute to its anti-tumor activity or drug resistance mechanisms. These regulatory effects of cisplatin play a paramount function in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. This paper aims to review the diverse impacts of cisplatin and nanoparticles loaded with cisplatin on cancer cells and also non-cancerous cells in TME. The impacts of cisplatin on immune cells, tumor stroma, cancer cells, and also hypoxia will be discussed in the current review. Furthermore, we emphasize the challenges and prospects of using cisplatin in combination with other adjuvants and therapeutic modalities that target TME. We also discuss the potential synergistic effects of cisplatin with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and other agents with anticancer potentials such as polyphenols and photosensitizers. Furthermore, the potential of nanoparticles for targeting TME and better delivery of cisplatin into tumors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Meng
- Zhuji Sixth People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311801, China
| | - Fengyun Ma
- Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China.
| | - Dingli Yu
- Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China
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Noor J, Chaudhry A, Batool S. Microfluidic Technology, Artificial Intelligence, and Biosensors As Advanced Technologies in Cancer Screening: A Review Article. Cureus 2023; 15:e39634. [PMID: 37388583 PMCID: PMC10305590 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer screening techniques aim to detect premalignant lesions and enable early intervention to delay the onset of cancer while keeping incidence constant. Technology advancements have led to the development of powerful tools such as microfluidic technology, artificial intelligence, machine learning algorithms, and electrochemical biosensors to aid in early cancer detection. Non-invasive cancer screening methods like virtual colonoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography have also been developed to provide comprehensive pictures of organs and detect cancer early. This review article provides an overview of recent advances in cancer screening in microfluidic technology, artificial intelligence, and biomarkers through a narrative literature search. Microfluidic devices enable easy handling of sub-microliter volumes and have become a promising tool for cancer detection, drug screening, and modeling angiogenesis and metastasis in cancer research. Machine learning and artificial intelligence have shown high accuracy in oncology-related diagnostic imaging, reducing the manual steps in lesion detection and providing standardized and accurate results, with potential for global standardization in areas like colon polyps, breast cancer, and primary and metastatic brain cancer. A biomarker-based cancer diagnosis is promising for early detection and effective therapy, and electrochemical biosensors integrated with nanoparticles offer multiplexing and amplification capabilities. Understanding these advanced technologies' basics, achievements, and challenges is crucial for advancing their use in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad Noor
- Internal Medicine, St. Dominic Hospital, Jackson, USA
| | | | - Saima Batool
- Pathology, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, PAK
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Wignarajah S, Chianella I, Tothill IE. Development of Electrochemical Immunosensors for HER-1 and HER-2 Analysis in Serum for Breast Cancer Patients. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13030355. [PMID: 36979567 PMCID: PMC10046363 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two human epidermal growth factor receptors, HER-1 and HER-2, were selected as biomarkers to enable the detection of breast cancer. Therefore, two biosensors were developed using gold sensor chips coupled with amperometric detection of the enzyme label horse radish peroxidase (HRP). The biosensors/immunosensors relied on indirect sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with monoclonal antibodies (Ab) against HER-1 and HER-2 attached to the sensors to capture the biomarkers. Detection polyclonal antibodies followed by secondary anti-rabbit (for HER-1) and anti-goat (for HER-2) IgG antibody-HRP were then applied for signal generation. In buffer, the developed sensors showed limits of detections (LOD) of 1.06 ng mL-1 and 0.95 ng mL-1 and limits of quantification (LOQ) of 2.1 ng mL-1 and 1.5 ng mL-1 for HER-1 and HER-2, respectively. In 100% (undiluted) serum, LODs of 1.2 ng mL-1 and 1.47 ng mL-1 and LOQs of 1.5 ng mL-1 and 2.1 ng mL-1 were obtained for HER-1 and HER-2, respectively. Such limits of detections are within the serum clinical range for the two biomarkers. Furthermore, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) labelled with secondary anti-rabbit and anti-goat IgG antibody-HRP were then used to enhance the assay signal and increase the sensitivity. In buffers, LODs of 30 pg mL-1 were seen for both sensors and LOQs of 98 pg mL-1 and 35 pg mL-1 were recorded for HER-1 and HER-2, respectively. For HER-2 the AuNPs biosensor was also tested in 100% serum obtaining a LOD of 50 pg mL-1 and a LOQ of 80 pg mL-1. The HER-2 AuNP electrochemical immunosensor showed high specificity with very low cross-reactivity to HER-1. These findings demonstrate that the two developed sensors can enable early detection as well as monitoring of disease progression with a beneficial impact on patient survival and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iva Chianella
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (I.E.T.); Tel.: +44-(12)-34758322 (I.C.)
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12
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Current Update on Biomarkers for Detection of Cancer: Comprehensive Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122138. [PMID: 36560548 PMCID: PMC9787556 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early and effective diagnosis of cancer is decisive for its proper management. In this context biomarker-based cancer diagnosis is budding as one of the promising ways for early detection, disease progression monitoring, and effective cancer therapy. Integration of Biosensing devices with different metallic/nonmetallic nanoparticles offers amplification and multiplexing capabilities for simultaneous detection of cancer biomarkers (CB's). This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the most recent designs and fabrication methodologies designed for developing electrochemical biosensors (EB) for early detection of cancers. The role of biomarkers in cancer therapeutics is also discussed.
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Nasrollahpour H, Khalilzadeh B, Hasanzadeh M, Rahbarghazi R, Estrela P, Naseri A, Tasoglu S, Sillanpää M. Nanotechnology‐based electrochemical biosensors for monitoring breast cancer biomarkers. Med Res Rev 2022; 43:464-569. [PMID: 36464910 DOI: 10.1002/med.21931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is categorized as the most widespread cancer type among women globally. On-time diagnosis can decrease the mortality rate by making the right decision in the therapy procedure. These features lead to a reduction in medication time and socioeconomic burden. The current review article provides a comprehensive assessment for breast cancer diagnosis using nanomaterials and related technologies. Growing use of the nano/biotechnology domain in terms of electrochemical nanobiosensor designing was discussed in detail. In this regard, recent advances in nanomaterial applied for amplified biosensing methodologies were assessed for breast cancer diagnosis by focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. We also monitored designing methods, advantages, and the necessity of suitable (nano) materials from a statistical standpoint. The main objective of this review is to classify the applicable biosensors based on breast cancer biomarkers. With numerous nano-sized platforms published for breast cancer diagnosis, this review tried to collect the most suitable methodologies for detecting biomarkers and certain breast cancer cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nasrollahpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Applied Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Pedro Estrela
- Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio) and Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
| | - Abdolhossein Naseri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Environmental Engineering and Management Research Group Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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He L, Guo Y, Li Y, Zhu J, Ren J, Wang E. Aptasensors for Biomarker Detection. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934822120048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Hu X, Zhang D, Zeng Z, Huang L, Lin X, Hong S. Aptamer-Based Probes for Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111937. [PMID: 36431072 PMCID: PMC9695321 DOI: 10.3390/life12111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligomers that have the ability to generate unique and diverse tertiary structures that bind to cognate molecules with high specificity. In recent years, aptamer researches have witnessed a huge surge, owing to its unique properties, such as high specificity and binding affinity, low immunogenicity and toxicity, and simplicity of synthesis with negligible batch-to-batch variation. Aptamers may bind to targets, such as various cancer biomarkers, making them applicable for a wide range of cancer diagnosis and treatment. In cancer diagnostic applications, aptamers are used as molecular probes instead of antibodies. They have the potential to detect various cancer-associated biomarkers. For cancer therapeutic purposes, aptamers can serve as therapeutic or delivery agents. The chemical stabilization and modification strategies for aptamers may expand their serum half-life and shelf life. However, aptamer-based probes for cancer diagnosis and therapy still face several challenges for successful clinical translation. A deeper understanding of nucleic acid chemistry, tissue distribution, and pharmacokinetics is required in the development of aptamer-based probes. This review summarizes their application in cancer diagnostics and treatments based on different localization of target biomarkers, as well as current challenges and future prospects.
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Khan H, Shah MR, Barek J, Malik MI. Cancer biomarkers and their biosensors: A comprehensive review. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for tumor marker detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Emerging Biosensors for Oral Cancer Detection and Diagnosis—A Review Unravelling Their Role in Past and Present Advancements in the Field of Early Diagnosis. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070498. [PMID: 35884301 PMCID: PMC9312890 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a serious concern to people all over the world because of its high mortality rate and metastatic spread to other areas of the body. Despite recent advancements in biomedical research, OC detection at an early stage remains a challenge and is complex and inaccurate with conventional diagnostics procedures. It is critical to study innovative approaches that can enable a faster, easier, non-invasive, and more precise diagnosis of OC in order to increase the survival rate of patients. In this paper, we conducted a review on how biosensors might be an excellent tool for detecting OC. This review covers the strategies that use different biosensors to target various types of biomarkers and focuses on biosensors that function at the molecular level viz. DNA biosensors, RNA biosensors, and protein biosensors. In addition, we reviewed non-invasive electrochemical methods, optical methods, and nano biosensors to analyze the OC biomarkers present in body fluids such as saliva and serum. As a result, this review sheds light on the development of ground-breaking biosensors for the early detection and diagnosis of OC.
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Application of Dual-Enhanced Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Probe Technology in the Diagnosis of Tumor Cells in Vitro. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113582. [PMID: 35684522 PMCID: PMC9182129 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
With the development of precision medicine, antigen/antibody-targeted therapy has brought great hope to tumor patients; however, the migration of tumor cells, especially a small number of cells flowing into blood or other tissues, remains a clinical challenge. In particular, it is difficult to use functional gold nanomaterials for targeted clinical tumor diagnosis while simultaneously obtaining stable and highly sensitive Raman signals. Therefore, we developed a detection method for functional Au Nanostars (AuNSs) with dual signal enhancement that can specifically track location and obtain high-intensity surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals. First, AuNSs with specific optical properties were synthesized and functionalized. The Raman dye 4-mercapto-hydroxybenzoic acid and polyethylene glycol were coupled with the tumor marker, epidermal growth factor receptor, to obtain the targeted SERS probes. In addition, a detection chip was prepared for Raman detection with physical enhancement, exhibiting a 40-times higher signal intensity than that of quartz glass. This study combines physical enhancement and SERS enhancement technologies to achieve dual enhancement, enabling the detection of a highly sensitive and stable Raman signal; this has potential clinical value for antigen/antibody-targeted tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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20
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Electrochemical Biosensors for Soluble Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Detection. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-022-00740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Chupradit S, Jasim SA, Bokov D, Mahmoud MZ, Roomi AB, Hachem K, Rudiansyah M, Suksatan W, Bidares R. Recent advances in biosensor devices for HER-2 cancer biomarker detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1301-1310. [PMID: 35318477 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00111j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) protein is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR or ErbB) family and is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor. HER-2 is highly regulated in ovarian, lung, gastric, oral, and breast cancers. The low specificity, complexity, expensiveness and the lack of sensitivity are essential restrictions in traditional diagnosis methods such as FISH, immunohistochemistry and PCR and these disadvantages led to the need for more studies on alternative methods. Biosensor technology has greatly affected the quality of human life owing to its features including, sensitivity, specificity, and rapid diagnosis and monitoring of different patient diseases. In this review article, we examine various biosensors, considering that they have been categorized based on the transducers used including piezoelectric biosensors, optical sensors such as fluorescence and surface plasmon resonance, and electrochemical types for the diagnosis of HER-2 and the effectiveness of some drugs against that. Attention to developing some types of biosensor devices such as colorimetric biosensors for HER-2 detection can be an important point in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supat Chupradit
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Dmitry Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., Bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation
| | - Mustafa Z Mahmoud
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ali B Roomi
- PhD Biochemistry, Ministry of Education, Directorate of Education Thi-Qar, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq
- Biochemistry and Biological Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq
| | - Kadda Hachem
- Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Saida - Dr Moulay Tahar, 20000 Saida, Algeria
| | - Mohammad Rudiansyah
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Ramtin Bidares
- Department of Anatomy, Histology Forensic Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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22
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Cancer Diagnostics and Early Detection Using Electrochemical Aptasensors. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040522. [PMID: 35457828 PMCID: PMC9026785 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The detection of early-stage cancer offers patients the best chance of treatment and could help reduce cancer mortality rates. However, cancer cells or biomarkers are present in extremely small amounts in the early stages of cancer, requiring high-precision quantitative approaches with high sensitivity for accurate detection. With the advantages of simplicity, rapid response, reusability, and a low cost, aptamer-based electrochemical biosensors have received considerable attention as a promising approach for the clinical diagnosis of early-stage cancer. Various methods for developing highly sensitive aptasensors for the early detection of cancers in clinical samples are in progress. In this article, we discuss recent advances in the development of electrochemical aptasensors for the early detection of different cancer biomarkers and cells based on different detection strategies. Clinical applications of the aptasensors and future perspectives are also discussed.
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23
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An Electrochemical and Raman Scattering Dual Detection Biosensor for Rapid Screening and Biomolecular Profiling of Cancer Biomarkers. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Detecting circulating biomarkers sensitively and quantitatively is paramount for cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment selection. Particularly, screening of a panel of circulating protein biomarkers followed by mapping of individual biomarkers could assist better diagnosis and understanding of the cancer progression mechanisms. Herein, we present a miniaturized biosensing platform with dual readout schemes (electrochemical and Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)) for rapid cancer screening and specific biomarker expressional profiling to support cancer management. Our approach utilizes a controlled nanomixing phenomena under alternative current electrohydrodynamic condition to improve the isolation of cancer-associated circulating proteins (i.e., Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), BRAF, Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)) with antibody functionalized sensor surface for rapid and efficient isolation of the targets and subsequent labelling with SERS nanotags. The method employs Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) for rapidly screening for the presence of the circulating proteins on biosensor surface irrespective of their type. Upon positive DPV detection, SERS is applied for sensitive read-out of individual biomarkers biomarker levels. In a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the dual detection biosensor for analysing circulating BRAF, EGFR and PDL-1 proteins and successfully screened both ensemble and individual biomarker expressional levels as low as 10 pg (1 ng/mL). Our findings clearly indicate the potential of the proposed method for cancer biomarker analysis which may drive the translation of this dual sensing concept in clinical settings.
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24
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Zhang C, Fu S, Zhang F, Han M, Wang X, Du J, Zhang H, Li W. Affibody Modified G-quadruplex DNA Micelles Incorporating Polymeric 5-Fluorodeoxyuridine for Targeted Delivery of Curcumin to Enhance Synergetic Therapy of HER2 Positive Gastric Cancer. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040696. [PMID: 35215023 PMCID: PMC8879187 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy is emerging as an important strategy for cancer treatment with decreased side effects. However, chemotherapeutic drugs with different solubility are not easy to realize co-delivery in traditional nanocarriers. Herein, an affibody modified G-quadruplex DNA micellar prodrug (affi-F/GQs) of hydrophilic 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR) by integrating polymeric FUdRs into DNA strands is developed for the first time. To achieve synergistic efficacy with hydrophobic drugs, curcumin (Cur) is co-loaded into affi-F/GQs micelles to prepare the dual drug-loaded DNA micelles (Cur@affi-F/GQs), in which affibody is employed as a targeting moiety to facilitate HER2 receptor-mediated uptake. Cur@affi-F/GQs have a small size of approximately 130 nm and exhibit excellent stability. The system co-delivers FUdR and Cur in a ratiometric manner, and the drug loading rates are 21.1% and 5.6%, respectively. Compared with the physical combination of FUdR and Cur, Cur@affi-F/GQs show higher cytotoxicity and greater synergistic effect on HER2 positive gastric cancer N87 cells. Surprisingly, Cur@affi-F/GQs significantly enhance the expression and activity of apoptosis-associated proteins in Bcl-2/Bax-caspase 8, 9-caspase 3 apoptotic pathway, which is the main factor in the death of tumor cells induced by FUdR. Overall, this nanoencapsulation is a promising candidate for the targeted co-delivery of drugs with significant differences in solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
- Department of Life Science, Hengshui University, Hengshui 053000, China
| | - Shuangqing Fu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
| | - Fanghua Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
| | - Mengnan Han
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
| | - Xuming Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
| | - Jie Du
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
| | - Honglei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province-Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (C.Z.); (S.F.); (F.Z.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (W.L.)
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Agrahari S, Kumar Gautam R, Kumar Singh A, Tiwari I. Nanoscale materials-based hybrid frameworks modified electrochemical biosensors for early cancer diagnostics: An overview of current trends and challenges. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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26
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Baghbaderani SS, Mokarian P, Moazzam P. A Review on Electrochemical Sensing of Cancer Biomarkers Based on
Nanomaterial - Modified Systems. CURR ANAL CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411016999200917161657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of cancer in the early stages can help treat efficiently and reduce cancerrelated
death. Cancer biomarkers can respond to the presence of cancer in body fluids before the
appearance of any other symptoms of cancer. The integration of nanomaterials into biosensors as
electrochemical platforms offer rapid, sensitive detection for cancer biomarkers. The use of surface-
modified electrodes by carbon nanomaterials and metal nanoparticles enhances the performance
of electrochemical analysis in biosensing systems through the increase of bioreceptors loading
capacity on the surface. In this review, novel approaches based on nanomaterial-modified systems
in the point of care diagnostics are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorour Salehi Baghbaderani
- Department of Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441,Iran
| | - Parastou Mokarian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 14676-86831,Iran
| | - Parisa Moazzam
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052,Australia
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Hashem A, Hossain MAM, Marlinda AR, Mamun MA, Sagadevan S, Shahnavaz Z, Simarani K, Johan MR. Nucleic acid-based electrochemical biosensors for rapid clinical diagnosis: Advances, challenges, and opportunities. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2021; 59:156-177. [PMID: 34851806 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2021.1997898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinical diagnostic tests should be quick, reliable, simple to perform, and affordable for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this regard, owing to their novel properties, biosensors have attracted the attention of scientists as well as end-users. They are efficient, stable, and relatively cheap. Biosensors have broad applications in medical diagnosis, including point-of-care (POC) monitoring, forensics, and biomedical research. The electrochemical nucleic acid (NA) biosensor, the latest invention in this field, combines the sensitivity of electroanalytical methods with the inherent bioselectivity of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The NA biosensor exploits the affinity of single-stranded DNA/RNA for its complementary strand and is used to detect complementary sequences of NA based on hybridization. After the NA component in the sensor detects the analyte, a catalytic reaction or binding event that generates an electrical signal in the transducer ensues. Since 2000, much progress has been made in this field, but there are still numerous challenges. This critical review describes the advances, challenges, and prospects of NA-based electrochemical biosensors for clinical diagnosis. It includes the basic principles, classification, sensing enhancement strategies, and applications of biosensors as well as their advantages, limitations, and future prospects, and thus it should be useful to academics as well as industry in the improvement and application of EC NA biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Hashem
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Microbial Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M A Motalib Hossain
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ab Rahman Marlinda
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Al Mamun
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Suresh Sagadevan
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zohreh Shahnavaz
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khanom Simarani
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Rafie Johan
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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28
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Ilkhani H, Hedayat N, Farhad S. Novel approaches for rapid detection of COVID-19 during the pandemic: A review. Anal Biochem 2021; 634:114362. [PMID: 34478703 PMCID: PMC8406551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that caused the COVID-19 disease, has highlighted our urgent need for sensitive, fast and accurate diagnostic technologies. In fact, one of the main challenges for flatting COVID-19 spread charts is the ability to accurately and rapidly identify asymptomatic cases that result in spreading the virus to close contacts. SARS-CoV-2 virus mutation is also relatively rapid, which makes the detection of COVID-19 diseases still crucial even after the vaccination. Conventional techniques, which are commercially available have focused on clinical manifestation, along with molecular and serological detection tools that can identify the SARS-CoV-2 virus however, owing to various disadvantages including low specificity and sensitivity, a quick, low cost and easy approach is needed for diagnosis of COVID-19. Scientists are now showing extensive interest in an effective portable and simple detection method to diagnose COVID-19. There are several novel methods and approaches that are considered viable advanced systems that can meet the demands. This study reviews the new approaches and sensing technologies that work on COVID-19 diagnosis for easy and successful detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Ilkhani
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87144, United States,Corresponding author
| | - Nader Hedayat
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, United States
| | - Siamak Farhad
- Advanced Energy & Sensor Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, United States,Corresponding author
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Theerthagiri J, Lee SJ, Karuppasamy K, Park J, Yu Y, Kumari MLA, Chandrasekaran S, Kim HS, Choi MY. Fabrication strategies and surface tuning of hierarchical gold nanostructures for electrochemical detection and removal of toxic pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126648. [PMID: 34329090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The intensive research on the synthesis and characterization of gold (Au) nanostructures has been extensively documented over the last decades. These investigations allow the researchers to understand the relationships between the intrinsic properties of Au nanostructures such as particle size, shape, morphology, and composition to synthesize the Au nano/hybrid nanostructures with novel physicochemical properties. By tuning the properties above, these nanostructures are extensively employed to detect and remove trace amounts of toxic pollutants from the environment. This review attempts to document the achievements and current progress in Au-based nanostructures, general synthetic and fabrication strategies and their utilization in electrochemical sensing and environmental remediation applications. Additionally, the applications of Au nanostructures (e.g., as adsorbents, sensing platforms, catalysts, and electrodes) and advancements in the field of electrochemical sensing of different target analytes (e.g., proteins, nucleic acids, heavy metals, small molecules, and antigens) are summarized. The literature survey concludes the existing methods for the detection of toxic contaminants at various concentration levels. Finally, the existing challenges and future research directions on electrochemical sensing and degradation of toxic contaminants using Au nanostructures are defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Theerthagiri
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Seung Jun Lee
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - K Karuppasamy
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyeon Park
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Yiseul Yu
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - M L Aruna Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, M.S. Ramaiah College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Sivaraman Chandrasekaran
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea.
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30
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Joshi A, Vishnu G K A, Sakorikar T, Kamal AM, Vaidya JS, Pandya HJ. Recent advances in biosensing approaches for point-of-care breast cancer diagnostics: challenges and future prospects. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5542-5564. [PMID: 36133274 PMCID: PMC9417675 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00453k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Timely and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer is essential for efficient treatment and the best possible survival rates. Biosensors have emerged as a smart diagnostic platform for the detection of biomarkers specific to the onset, recurrence, and therapeutic drug monitoring of breast cancer. There have been exciting recent developments, including significant improvements in the validation, sensitivity, specificity, and integration of sample processing steps to develop point-of-care (POC) integrated micro-total analysis systems for clinical settings. The present review highlights various biosensing modalities (electrical, optical, piezoelectric, mass, and acoustic sensing). It provides deep insights into their design principles, signal amplification strategies, and comparative performance analysis. Finally, this review emphasizes the status of existing integrated micro-total analysis systems (μ-TAS) for personalized breast cancer therapeutics and associated challenges and outlines the approach required to realize their successful translation into clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Joshi
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Anil Vishnu G K
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Tushar Sakorikar
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Arif M Kamal
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
| | - Jayant S Vaidya
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London 4919 London UK
| | - Hardik J Pandya
- Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Division of EECS, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
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Ahirwar R. Recent advances in nanomaterials-based electrochemical immunosensors and aptasensors for HER2 assessment in breast cancer. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:317. [PMID: 34476602 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the key molecular targets in breast cancer pathogenesis. Overexpression and/or amplification of HER2 in approximately 15-20% of breast cancer patients is associated with high mortality and poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence shows that accurate and sensitive detection of HER2 improves the survival outcomes for HER2-positive breast cancer patients from targeted therapies. The current methods of clinical determination of HER2 expression levels are based on slide-based assays that rely on invasively collected primary tumours. Alternatively, ELISA-based detection of the shredded HER2 extracellular domain (HER2-ECD) of has been suggested as a surrogate method for monitoring disease progress and treatment response in breast cancer patients. In the past decade, biosensors have emerged as an alternative modality for the detection of circulating HER2-ECD in human serum samples. In particular, electrochemical biosensors based on nanomaterials and antibodies and aptamers have been increasingly developed as promising tools for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective detection of HER2-ECD. These biosensors harness the high affinity and specificity of antibodies and aptamers, and unique conductive properties, biocompatibility, large surface area, and chemical stability of nanomaterials for selective and sensitive assessment of the HER2. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the application of nanomaterials-based immunosensors and aptasensors for detection of circulating HER2-ECD. In particular, various electrochemical techniques, detection approaches, and nanomaterials are discussed. Further, analytical figures of merit of various HER2 immunosensors and aptasensors are compared. Finally, possible challenges and potential opportunities for biosensor-based detection of HER2-ECD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Ahirwar
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462030, India.
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Nanomedicines functionalized with anti-EGFR ligands for active targeting in cancer therapy: Biological strategy, design and quality control. Int J Pharm 2021; 605:120795. [PMID: 34119579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, active targeting using nanocarriers with biological ligands has emerged as a novel strategy for improving the delivery of therapeutic and/or imaging agents to tumor cells. The presence of active targeting moieties on the surface of nanomedicines has been shown to play an important role in enhancing their accumulation in tumoral cells and tissues versus healthy ones. This property not only helps to increase the therapeutic index but also to minimize possible side effects of the designed nanocarriers. Since the overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) is a common occurrence linked to the progression of a broad variety of cancers, the potential application of anti-EGFR immunotherapy and EGFR-targeting ligands in active targeting nanomedicines is getting increasing attention. Henceforth, the EGFR-targeted nanomedicines were extensively studied in vitro and in vivo but exhibited both satisfactory and disappointing results, depending on used protocols. This review is designed to give an overview of a variety of EGFR-targeting ligands available for nanomedicines, how to conjugate them onto the surface of nanoparticles, and the main analytical methods to confirm this successful conjugation.
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Dehdari Vais R, Yadegari H, Heli H, Sattarahmady N. A β-Amyloid (1-42) Biosensor Based on Molecularly Imprinted Poly-Pyrrole for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. J Biomed Phys Eng 2021; 11:215-228. [PMID: 33937128 PMCID: PMC8064131 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common form of dementia, characterized by production and deposition of β-amyloid peptide in the brain.
Thus, β-amyloid peptide is a potentially promising biomarker used to diagnose and monitor the progression of AD. Objective: The study aims to develop a biosensor based on a molecularly imprinted poly-pyrrole for detection of β-amyloid. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, an imprinted poly-pyrrole was employed as an artificial receptor synthesized by electro-polymerization of pyrrole
on screen-printed carbon electrodes in the presence of β-amyloid. β-amyloid acts as a molecular template within the polymer. The biosensor was
evaluated by cyclic voltammetry using ferro/ferricyanide marker. The parameters influencing the biosensor performance, including electro-polymerization
cycle umbers and β-amyloid binding time were optimized to achieve the best biosensor sensitivity. Results: The β-amyloid binding affinity with the biosensor surface was evaluated by the Freundlich isotherm, and Freundlich
constant and exponent were obtained as 0.22 ng mL-1 and 10.60, respectively. The biosensor demonstrated a detection limit of 1.2 pg mL-1.
The biosensor was applied for β-amyloid determination in artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Conclusion: The biosensor is applicable for early Alzheimer’s disease detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Dehdari Vais
- PhD Candidate, Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Yadegari
- PhD, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Hossein Heli
- PhD, Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Sattarahmady
- PhD, Nanomedicine and Nanobiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- PhD, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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34
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Ștefan G, Hosu O, De Wael K, Lobo-Castañón MJ, Cristea C. Aptamers in biomedicine: Selection strategies and recent advances. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Electrochemical biosensors for measurement of colorectal cancer biomarkers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2407-2428. [PMID: 33666711 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with one of the highest rates of mortality among cancers worldwide. The early detection and management of CRC is imperative. Biomarkers play an important role in CRC screening tests, CRC treatment, and prognosis and clinical management; thus rapid and sensitive detection of biomarkers is helpful for early detection of CRC. In recent years, electrochemical biosensors for detecting CRC biomarkers have been widely investigated. In this review, different electrochemical detection methods for CRC biomarkers including immunosensors, aptasensors, and genosensors are summarized. Further, representative examples are provided that demonstrate the advantages of electrochemical sensors modified by various nanomaterials. Finally, the limitations and prospects of biomarkers and electrochemical sensors in detection are also discussed. Graphical abstract.
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36
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Liu LS, Wang F, Ge Y, Lo PK. Recent Developments in Aptasensors for Diagnostic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9329-9358. [PMID: 33155468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Aptamers are exciting smart molecular probes for specific recognition of disease biomarkers. A number of strategies have been developed to convert target-aptamer binding into physically detectable signals. Since the aptamer sequence was first discovered, a large variety of aptamer-based biosensors have been developed, with considerable attention paid to their potential applications in clinical diagnostics. So far, a variety of techniques in combination with a wide range of functional nanomaterials have been used for the design of aptasensors to further improve the sensitivity and detection limit of target determination. In this paper, the advantages of aptamers over traditional antibodies as the molecular recognition components in biosensors for high-throughput screening target molecules are highlighted. Aptamer-target pairing configurations are predominantly single- or dual-site binding; the design of recognition modes of each aptamer-target pairing configuration is described. Furthermore, signal transduction strategies including optical, electrical, mechanical, and mass-sensitive modes are clearly explained together with examples. Finally, we summarize the recent progress in the development of aptamer-based biosensors for clinical diagnosis, including detection of cancer and disease biomarkers and in vivo molecular imaging. We then conclude with a discussion on the advanced development and challenges of aptasensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sum Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yonghe Ge
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pik Kwan Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Ziółkowski R, Jarczewska M, Górski Ł, Malinowska E. From Small Molecules Toward Whole Cells Detection: Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors in Modern Medical Diagnostics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:724. [PMID: 33494499 PMCID: PMC7866209 DOI: 10.3390/s21030724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the current state of art as well as on future trends in electrochemical aptasensors application in medical diagnostics. The origin of aptamers is presented along with the description of the process known as SELEX. This is followed by the description of the broad spectrum of aptamer-based sensors for the electrochemical detection of various diagnostically relevant analytes, including metal cations, abused drugs, neurotransmitters, cancer, cardiac and coagulation biomarkers, circulating tumor cells, and viruses. We described also possible future perspectives of aptasensors development. This concerns (i) the approaches to lowering the detection limit and improvement of the electrochemical aptasensors selectivity by application of the hybrid aptamer-antibody receptor layers and/or nanomaterials; and (ii) electrochemical aptasensors integration with more advanced microfluidic devices as user-friendly medical instruments for medical diagnostic of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ziółkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Marta Jarczewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Łukasz Górski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
| | - Elżbieta Malinowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (M.J.); (Ł.G.)
- Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
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38
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Mollarasouli F, Zor E, Ozcelikay G, Ozkan SA. Magnetic nanoparticles in developing electrochemical sensors for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Talanta 2021; 226:122108. [PMID: 33676664 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A revolutionary impact on the pharmaceutical and biomedical applications has been arisen in the few years to come as a result of the advances made in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) research. The use of MNPs opens wide opportunities in diagnostics, drug and gene delivery, in vivo imaging, magnetic separation, and hyperthermia therapy, etc. Besides, their possible integration in sensors makes them an ideal essential element of innovative pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Nowadays, MNPs-based electrochemical sensors have attracted great attention to pharmaceutical and biomedical applications owing to their high sensitivity, stability. Selectivity towards the target as well as their simplicity of manufacture. Therefore, this review focus on recent advances with cutting-edge approaches dealing with the synthesis, design, and advantageous analytical performance of MNPs in the electrochemical sensors utilized for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications between 2015 and 2020. The challenges existing in this research area and some potential strategies/future perspectives for the rational design of electrochemical sensors are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erhan Zor
- Department of Science Education, A. K. Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey; Biomaterials and Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, 42090, Turkey
| | - Goksu Ozcelikay
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 06560, Ankara, Turkey.
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39
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Yu H, Rong S, Gao H, Meng L, Dai J, Pan H, Chang D. Spherical carrier amplification strategy for electrochemical immunosensor based on polystyrene-gold nanorods @L-cysteine/MoS2 for determination of tacrolimus. Talanta 2020; 220:121321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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40
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Alijani H, Noori A, Faridi N, Bathaie S, Mousavi MF. Aptamer-functionalized Fe3O4@MOF nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery and fluorescence imaging of the triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2020.121680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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41
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Wang X, Li F, Guo Y. Recent Trends in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors for Point-of-Care Testing. Front Chem 2020; 8:586702. [PMID: 33195085 PMCID: PMC7596383 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.586702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nanomaterials of different shape, size, and composition have been prepared and characterized, such as gold and silver nanoparticles, quantum dots, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and hybrid nanocomposites. Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, these nanomaterials are increasingly used in point-of-care testing (POCT) to improve analytical performance and simplify detection process. They are used either as carriers for immobilizing biorecognition elements, or as labels for signal generation, transduction and amplification. In this commentary, we highlight recent POCT technologies that employ nanotechnology for the analysis of disease biomarkers, including small-molecule metabolites, enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids, cancer cells, and pathogens. Recent advances in lateral flow tests, printable electrochemical biosensors, and microfluidics-based devices are summarized. Existing challenges and future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Yirong Guo
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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42
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Nur Topkaya S, Cetin AE. Electrochemical Aptasensors for Biological and Chemical Analyte Detection. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seda Nur Topkaya
- Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry 35620, Cigli Izmir TURKEY
| | - Arif E. Cetin
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center 35330, Balcova Izmir TURKEY
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43
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Letchumanan I, Gopinath SCB, Md Arshad MK, Mohamed Saheed MS, Perumal V, Voon CH, Hashim U. Gold-Nanohybrid Biosensors for Analyzing Blood Circulating Clinical Biomacromolecules: Current Trend toward Future Remote Digital Monitoring. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:577-592. [PMID: 32897761 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1812373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mortality level is worsening the situation worldwide thru blood diseases and greatly jeopardizes the human health with poor diagnostics. Due to the lack of successful generation of early diagnosis, the survival rate is currently lower. To overcome the present hurdle, new diagnostic methods have been choreographed for blood disease biomarkers analyses with the conjunction of ultra-small ideal gold nanohybrids. Gold-hybrids hold varieties of unique features, such as high biocompatibility, increased surface-to-volume ratio, less-toxicity, ease in electron transfer and have a greater localized surface plasmon resonance. Gold-nanocomposites can be physically hybrid on the sensor surface and functionalize with the biomolecules using appropriate chemical conjugations. Revolutionizing biosensor platform can be prominently linked for the nanocomposite applications in the current research on medical diagnosis. This review encloses the new developments in diagnosing blood biomarkers by utilizing the gold-nanohybrids. Further, the current state-of-the-art and the future envision with digital monitoring for facile telediagnosis were narrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iswary Letchumanan
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia.,School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
| | - M K Md Arshad
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia.,School of Microelectronic Engineering, Arau 02600, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Shuaib Mohamed Saheed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.,Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Veeradasan Perumal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.,Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Chun Hong Voon
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia
| | - Uda Hashim
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia
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44
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Song Y, He L, Chen K, Wang M, Yang L, He L, Guo C, Jia Q, Zhang Z. Quantification of EGFR and EGFR-overexpressed cancer cells based on carbon dots@bimetallic CuCo Prussian blue analogue. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28355-28364. [PMID: 35519133 PMCID: PMC9055645 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01439g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new bimetallic CuCo Prussian blue analogue (CuCo PBA) loaded with carbon dots (CDs) was prepared (represented by CD@CuCoPBA) and developed as a scaffold for anchoring the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) aptamer to detect EGFR and living EGFR-overexpressed cancer cells. The basic characterizations revealed CuCo PBA exhibited nanocube shape and still remained its nanostructure and physical/chemical properties after coupling with large amounts of CDs. As compared with the pristine CuCo PBA, the CD@CuCoPBA displayed good electrochemical activity, strong binding interaction toward aptamer, and high stability of aptamer-EGFR G-quadruplex in aqueous solution. As such, the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements indicated that the CD@CuCoPBA-based aptasensor displayed an ultra-low detection limit toward EGFR (0.42 fg mL-1) and living EGFR-overexpressed MCF-7 cancer cells (80 cell per mL), as well as high selectivity, good reproducibility, high stability, repeatability, and acceptable applicability. Consequently, the constructed CD@CuCoPBA-based aptasensor can be extended to be a promising universal method for early diagnosis of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingpan Song
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Lina He
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Kun Chen
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Minghua Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Longyu Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Linghao He
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Chuanpan Guo
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Qiaojuan Jia
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry No. 136, Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
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Abstract
Oral cancer poses a serious threat worldwide owing to its soaring case-fatality rate and its metastatic characteristics of spreading to the other parts of the body. Despite the recent breakthroughs in biomedical sciences, the detection of oral cancer at an early stage is still challenging. Conventional diagnosis in clinics and optical techniques to detect oral cancer in the initial stages are quite complicated as well as not completely accurate. To enhance the survival rate of oral cancer patients, it is important to investigate the novel methodologies that can provide faster, simpler, non-invasive, and yet ultraprecise detection of the onset of oral cancer. In this review, we demonstrate the promising aspects of an electrochemical biosensor as an ideal tool for oral cancer detection. We discuss the cutting-edge methodologies utilizing various electrochemical biosensors targeting the different kinds of biomarkers. In particular, we emphasize on electrochemical biosensors working at the molecular levels, which can be classified into mainly three types: DNA biosensors, RNA biosensors and protein biosensors according to the types of the analytes. Furthermore, we focus on the significant electrochemical methods including cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to analyze the oral cancer biomarkers (such as IL-6, IL-8, CYFRA 21-1, CD 59 and CIP2A) present in body fluids including saliva and serum, using non-invasive manner. Hence, this review provides essential insights into the development of pioneering electrochemical biosensors for the detection of oral cancer at an early stage.
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46
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Jarczewska M, Malinowska E. The application of antibody-aptamer hybrid biosensors in clinical diagnostics and environmental analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3183-3199. [PMID: 32930180 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00678e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The growing number of various diseases and the increase of environmental contamination are the causes for the development of novel methods for their detection. The possibility of the application of affinity-based biosensors for such purposes seems particularly promising as they provide high selectivity and low detection limits. Recently, the usage of hybrid antibody-aptamer sandwich constructs was shown to be more advantageous in terms of working parameters in comparison to aptamer-based and immune-based biosensors. This review is focused on the usage of hybrid antibody-aptamer receptor layers for the determination of clinically and environmentally important target molecules. In this work, antibodies and aptamer molecules are characterized and the methods of their immobilization as well as analytical signal generation are shown. This is followed by the critical presentation of examples of hybrid sandwich biosensors that have been elaborated in the past 12 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jarczewska
- The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw, 00-664, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Malinowska
- The Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw, 00-664, Poland.
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
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47
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Betlem K, Canfarotta F, Raumbault R, Banks CE, Eersels K, van Grinsven B, Cleij TJ, Crapnell R, Hudson A, Peeters M. Thermistors coated with molecularly imprinted nanoparticles for the electrical detection of peptides and proteins. Analyst 2020; 145:5419-5424. [PMID: 32589168 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01046d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) that are produced by solid-phase synthesis are functionalised onto thermistors via dip-coating. These thermistors are soldered onto a printed-circuit board to facilitate electrical detection. Subsequently, these are inserted into a home-made thermal device that can measure the selective binding of biomolecules to the nanoMIP layer via monitoring the thermal resistance (Rth) at the solid-liquid interface. This thermal analysis technique, referred to as the Heat-Transfer Method, has previously been used for detection of proteins with MIP-based binders. While offering the advantages of low-cost and label free analysis, this method is limited by the high noise on the feedback loop and not being commercially available. These disadvantages can be overcome by the use of thermistors, which offer superior temperature sensitivity compared to thermocouples, and its electrical read-out can be easily integrated into portable devices. To our knowledge, this is the first report where MIPs are directly integrated onto thermistors for detection purposes. Measurements were conducted with an epitope of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and trypsin, where the electrical resistance was correlated to the biomolecule concentration. For both EGFR and trypsin, an enhanced signal to noise ratio for the electrical measurements was observed compared to previous analysis that was based on thermal resistance. The sensitivity of the sensors in buffered solution was in the nanomolar range, which is compatible with physiologically relevant concentrations. Upon exposure of the nanoMIP for EGFR towards pepsin no significant change in the resistance was yielded, establishing the selectivity of the developed sensor platform. Besides the enhanced sensitivity, the use of thermistors will enable miniaturisation of the device and has potential for in vivo measurements since specified electrochemical measurements are compatible with human use. To highlight the versatility of the nanoMIPs, this work should be extended to a set of biomolecules with various structures, with the possibility of extending this to an array format.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Betlem
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Experimental Soft Matter and Thermal Physics group, Physics division, Campus de Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
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48
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Korodi M, Rákosi K, Baibarac M, Fejer SN. Reusable on-plate immunoprecipitation method with covalently immobilized antibodies on a protein G covered microtiter plate. J Immunol Methods 2020; 483:112812. [PMID: 32569597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Covalent immobilization of antibodies to protein G beads is a basic molecular biology method, although the beads present poor recovery results. Our aim was to reuse the immobilized antibody-protein G complex on a very small scale, therefore we optimized the crosslinking procedure to be used on the wells of a standard 96-well microplate. The method used involves the affinity binding of the antibody to the protein G surface, followed by the immobilization step using different crosslinking reagents, DMP and BS3, quenching the crosslinking reaction, and binding the antibody-specific antigen. By scaling down the procedure, we were able to reuse the anti-EGFR crosslinked wells more than 20 times. This method can be used to perform assays on a wide range of solid supports containing the protein G in an immobilized form, including functionalized nanosensors, for immunoprecipitation, protein and cell lysate purification, target protein enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Korodi
- Pro-Vitam Ltd., Muncitorilor Street 16, RO-520032 Sfantu Gheorghe, Romania; University of Pécs, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjúság Street 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kinga Rákosi
- Pro-Vitam Ltd., Muncitorilor Street 16, RO-520032 Sfantu Gheorghe, Romania
| | - Mihaela Baibarac
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Laboratory of Optical Processes in Nanostructured Materials, Atomistilor street 405A, P.O.Box MG-7, R077125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Szilard N Fejer
- Pro-Vitam Ltd., Muncitorilor Street 16, RO-520032 Sfantu Gheorghe, Romania; University of Pécs, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ifjúság Street 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary.
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49
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Wang C, Roozbahani GM, Chang HC, Guan X. Chemically functionalized conical PET nanopore for protein detection at the single-molecule level. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112289. [PMID: 32729470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are essential for all living organisms, and perform a wide variety of functions in the cell and human body, including structural, mechanical, biochemical, and signaling. Since proteins can serve as valuable biomarkers for health status and diseases states, and enable personalized medicine, sensitive and rapid detection of proteins is of paramount importance. Herein, we report a chemically functionalized conical shaped poly-(ethylene terephthalate) nanopore (PET nanopore) as a stochastic sensing element for detection of proteins at the single-molecule level. We demonstrate that the PET nanopore sensor is not only sensitive and selective, but also can differentiate proteins rapidly, offering the potential for label-free protein detection and characterization. Our developed PET nanopore sensing strategy not only provides a general platform for exploring fundamental protein dynamics and rapid detection of proteins at the single-molecule level, but also opens new avenues toward advanced deeper understanding of enzymes, development of more efficient biosensing technologies, and constructing novel biomimetic nanopore systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Ceming Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Golbarg M Roozbahani
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Hsueh-Chia Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 S Dearborn St, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
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50
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Díaz-Fernández A, Lorenzo-Gómez R, Miranda-Castro R, de-Los-Santos-Álvarez N, Lobo-Castañón MJ. Electrochemical aptasensors for cancer diagnosis in biological fluids - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1124:1-19. [PMID: 32534661 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tunability of SELEX procedure is an essential feature to supply bioaffinity receptors (aptamers) almost on demand for analytical and therapeutic purposes. This longstanding ambition is, however, not straightforward. Non-invasive cancer diagnosis, so called liquid biopsy, requires collection of body fluids with minimal or no sample pretreatment. In those raw matrices, aptamers must recognize minute amounts of biomarkers that are not unique entities but large sets of variants evolving with the disease stage. The susceptibility of aptasensors to assay conditions has driven the selection of aptamers to natural environments to ensure their optimum performance in clinical samples. We present herein a compilation of the SELEX procedures in natural milieus. By revising the electrochemical aptasensors applied to clinical samples for cancer diagnosis and tracing back to the original SELEX we analyze whether aptamers raised using these SELEX strategies are being incorporated to the diagnostic devices and how aptasensors are finding their way to a market dominated by antibody-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Díaz-Fernández
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Ramón Lorenzo-Gómez
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Miranda-Castro
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Noemí de-Los-Santos-Álvarez
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Lobo-Castañón
- Dpto. Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011, Oviedo, Spain.
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