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Gao Y, Elhadad A, Choi S. Revolutionary self-powered transducing mechanism for long-lasting and stable glucose monitoring: achieving selective and sensitive bacterial endospore germination in microengineered paper-based platforms. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:187. [PMID: 39663363 PMCID: PMC11634959 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
We introduce a groundbreaking proof-of-concept for a novel glucose monitoring transducing mechanism, marking the first demonstration of a spore-forming microbial whole-cell sensing platform. The approach uses selective and sensitive germination of Bacillus subtilis spores in response to glucose in potassium-rich bodily fluids such as sweat. As the rate of germination and the number of metabolically active germinating cells are directly proportional to glucose concentration, the electrogenic activity of these cells-manifested as electricity-serves as a self-powered transducing signal for glucose detection. Within a microengineered, paper-based microbial fuel cell (MFC), these electrical power outputs are measurable and can be visually displayed through a compact interface, providing real-time alerts. The dormant spores extend shelf-life, and the self-replicating bacteria ensure robustness. The MFC demonstrated a remarkable sensitivity of 2.246 µW·(log mM)-1·cm-2 to glucose concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 10 mM, with a notably lower limit of detection at ~0.07 mM. The sensor exhibited exceptional selectivity, accurately detecting glucose even in the presence of various interferents. Comparative analyses revealed that, unlike conventional enzymatic biosensors whose performance degrades significantly through time even when inactive, the spore-based MFC is stable for extended periods and promptly regains functionality when needed. This preliminary investigation indicates that the spore-forming microbial whole-cell sensing strategy holds considerable promise for efficient diabetes management and can be extended toward noninvasive wearable monitoring, overcoming critical challenges of current technologies and paving the way for advanced biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Anwar Elhadad
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Seokheun Choi
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
- Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies & Environmental Sustainability, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
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2
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Gao Y, Elhadad A, Choi S. A Paper-Based Wearable Moist-Electric Generator for Sustained High-Efficiency Power Output and Enhanced Moisture Capture. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2408182. [PMID: 39308200 PMCID: PMC11636170 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202408182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
Disposable wearable electronics are valuable for diagnostic and healthcare purposes, reducing maintenance needs and enabling broad accessibility. However, integrating a reliable power supply is crucial for their advancement, but conventional power sources present significant challenges. To address that issue, a novel paper-based moist-electric generator is developed that harnesses ambient moisture for power generation. The device features gradients for functional groups and moisture adsorption and architecture of nanostructures within a disposable paper substrate. The nanoporous, gradient-formed spore-based biofilm and asymmetric electrode deposition enable sustained high-efficiency power output. A Janus hydrophobic-hydrophilic paper layer enhances moisture harvesting, ensuring effective operation even in low-humidity environments. This research reveals that the water adsorption gradient is crucial for performance under high humidity, whereas the functional group gradient is dominant under low humidity. The device delivers consistent performance across diverse conditions and flexibly conforms to various surfaces, making it ideal for wearable applications. Its eco-friendly, cost-effective, and disposable nature makes it a viable solution for widespread use with minimal environmental effects. This innovative approach overcomes the limitations of traditional power sources for wearable electronics, offering a sustainable solution for future disposable wearables. It significantly enhances personalized medicine through improved health monitoring and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems LaboratoryDepartment of Electrical & Computer EngineeringState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
| | - Anwar Elhadad
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems LaboratoryDepartment of Electrical & Computer EngineeringState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
| | - Seokheun Choi
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems LaboratoryDepartment of Electrical & Computer EngineeringState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
- Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies & Environmental SustainabilityState University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew York13902USA
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Rezaie M, Rafiee Z, Choi S. Unlocking Wearable Microbial Fuel Cells for Advanced Wound Infection Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:36117-36130. [PMID: 38950522 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Better infection control will accelerate wound healing and alleviate associated healthcare burdens. Traditional antibacterial dressings often inadequately control infections, inadvertently promoting antibacterial resistance. Our research unveils a novel, dual-functional living dressing that autonomously generates antibacterial agents and delivers electrical stimulation, harnessing the power of spore-forming Bacillus subtilis. This dressing is built on an innovative wearable microbial fuel cell (MFC) framework, using B. subtilis endospores as a powerful, dormant biocatalyst. The endospores are resilient, reactivating in nutrient-rich wound exudate to produce electricity and antibacterial compounds. The combination allows B. subtilis to outcompete pathogens for food and other resources, thus fighting infections. The strategy is enhanced by the extracellular synthesis of tin oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles on the endospore surface, boosting antibacterial action, and electrical stimulation. Moreover, the MFC framework introduces a pioneering dressing design featuring a conductive hydrogel embedded within a paper-based substrate. The arrangement ensures cell stability and sustains a healing-friendly moist environment. Our approach has proven very effective against three key pathogens in biofilms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus demonstrating exceptional capabilities in both in vitro and ex vivo models. Our innovation marks a significant leap forward in wearable MFC-based wound care, offering a potent solution for treating infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rezaie
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Zahra Rafiee
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Seokheun Choi
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
- Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies & Environmental Sustainability, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
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4
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Zhang S, He Z, Zhao W, Liu C, Zhou S, Ibrahim OO, Wang C, Wang Q. Innovative Material-Based Wearable Non-Invasive Electrochemical Sweat Sensors towards Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:857. [PMID: 38786813 PMCID: PMC11124380 DOI: 10.3390/nano14100857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Sweat is an accessible biofluid that provides useful physiological information about the body's biomolecular state and systemic health. Wearable sensors possess various advantageous features, such as lightweight design, wireless connectivity, and compatibility with human skin, that make them suitable for continuous monitoring. Wearable electrochemical sweat sensors can diagnose diseases and monitor health conditions by detecting biomedical signal changes in sweat. This paper discusses the state-of-the-art research in the field of wearable sweat sensors and the materials used in their construction. It covers biomarkers present in sweat, sensing modalities, techniques for sweat collection, and ways to power these sensors. Innovative materials are categorized into three subcategories: sweat collection, sweat detection, and self-powering. These include substrates for sensor fabrication, analyte detection electrodes, absorbent patches, microfluidic devices, and self-powered devices. This paper concludes by forecasting future research trends and prospects in material-based wearable non-invasive sweat sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zhaotao He
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Shulan Zhou
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- Polytechnic Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Oresegun Olakunle Ibrahim
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chunge Wang
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (S.Z.); (O.O.I.)
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Tech University, Ningbo 315100, China
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Song Z, Zhou S, Qin Y, Xia X, Sun Y, Han G, Shu T, Hu L, Zhang Q. Flexible and Wearable Biosensors for Monitoring Health Conditions. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:630. [PMID: 37366995 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable biosensors have received tremendous attention over the past decade owing to their great potential applications in the field of health and medicine. Wearable biosensors serve as an ideal platform for real-time and continuous health monitoring, which exhibit unique properties such as self-powered, lightweight, low cost, high flexibility, detection convenience, and great conformability. This review introduces the recent research progress in wearable biosensors. First of all, the biological fluids often detected by wearable biosensors are proposed. Then, the existing micro-nanofabrication technologies and basic characteristics of wearable biosensors are summarized. Then, their application manners and information processing are also highlighted in the paper. Massive cutting-edge research examples are introduced such as wearable physiological pressure sensors, wearable sweat sensors, and wearable self-powered biosensors. As a significant content, the detection mechanism of these sensors was detailed with examples to help readers understand this area. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are proposed to push this research area forward and expand practical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanxia Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiangjiao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Nano-Biosensing Technology, International Health Science Innovation Center, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guanghong Han
- Department of Oral Geriatrics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Tong Shu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ), Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Nano-Biosensing Technology, International Health Science Innovation Center, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
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Min J, Tu J, Xu C, Lukas H, Shin S, Yang Y, Solomon SA, Mukasa D, Gao W. Skin-Interfaced Wearable Sweat Sensors for Precision Medicine. Chem Rev 2023; 123:5049-5138. [PMID: 36971504 PMCID: PMC10406569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors hold great potential in empowering personalized health monitoring, predictive analytics, and timely intervention toward personalized healthcare. Advances in flexible electronics, materials science, and electrochemistry have spurred the development of wearable sweat sensors that enable the continuous and noninvasive screening of analytes indicative of health status. Existing major challenges in wearable sensors include: improving the sweat extraction and sweat sensing capabilities, improving the form factor of the wearable device for minimal discomfort and reliable measurements when worn, and understanding the clinical value of sweat analytes toward biomarker discovery. This review provides a comprehensive review of wearable sweat sensors and outlines state-of-the-art technologies and research that strive to bridge these gaps. The physiology of sweat, materials, biosensing mechanisms and advances, and approaches for sweat induction and sampling are introduced. Additionally, design considerations for the system-level development of wearable sweat sensing devices, spanning from strategies for prolonged sweat extraction to efficient powering of wearables, are discussed. Furthermore, the applications, data analytics, commercialization efforts, challenges, and prospects of wearable sweat sensors for precision medicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Min
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Jiaobing Tu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Changhao Xu
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Heather Lukas
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Soyoung Shin
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Yiran Yang
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Samuel A. Solomon
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Daniel Mukasa
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
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Rezaie M, Choi S. Moisture-Enabled Germination of Heat-Activated Bacillus Endospores for Rapid and Practical Bioelectricity Generation: Toward Portable, Storable Bacteria-Powered Biobatteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2301135. [PMID: 36932936 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Small-scale battery-like microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a promising alternative power source for future low-power electronics. Controllable microbial electrocatalytic activity in a miniaturized MFC with unlimited biodegradable energy resources would enable simple power generation in various environmental settings. However, the short shelf-life of living biocatalysts, few ways to activate the stored biocatalysts, and extremely low electrocatalytic capabilities render the miniature MFCs unsuitable for practical use. Here, heat-activated Bacillus subtilis spores are revolutionarily used as a dormant biocatalyst that can survive storage and rapidly germinate when exposed to special nutrients that are preloaded in the device. A microporous, graphene hydrogel allows the adsorption of moisture from the air, moves the nutrients to the spores, and triggers their germination for power generation. In particular, forming a CuO-hydrogel anode and an Ag2 O-hydrogel cathode promotes superior electrocatalytic activities leading to an exceptionally high electrical performance in the MFC. The battery-type MFC device is readily activated by moisture harvesting, producing a maximum power density of 0.4 mW cm-2 and a maximum current density of 2.2 mA cm-2 . The MFC configuration is readily stackable in series and a three-MFC pack produces enough power for several low-power applications, demonstrating its practical feasibility as a sole power source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rezaie
- Bioelectronics and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Seokheun Choi
- Bioelectronics and Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
- Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies and Environmental Sustainability, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
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Huang TY, Lim HL. Electrogenic Staphylococcus warneri in lactate-rich skin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 618:67-72. [PMID: 35716597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The electrogenicity of environmental bacteria has been thoroughly explored and has been known to have the unique capability of decomposing hazardous chemicals for environmental remediation. However, electrogenic bacteria in human skin in regards to their electrical properties and locations have not yet been determined. Here, electrodermal activities and metabolite compositions at different locations of arm skin were assessed. Compared to the uppermost part of arm, we found that the forearm elicited high electrodermal activity and carried abundant lactate and alpha-ketoglutarate, two components commonly present in sweat. Upon culturing bacteria from the forearm, an iron-resistant strain of Staphylococcus warneri (S. warneri) was identified through 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Voltage changes induced by S. warneri in the presence of glucose were detected by two voltmeters of different electrode materials, demonstrating the electrogenicity of skin bacteria. Furthermore, we discovered that S. warneri has the ability to metabolize lactate to generate electricity. The results of this study reveal changes in skin conductance caused by bacterial electricity that are mediated by skin endogenous molecules and may provide a novel method of monitoring environmental skin insults.
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A sweat-activated, wearable microbial fuel cell for long-term, on-demand power generation. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:114128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Choi S. Electrogenic Bacteria Promise New Opportunities for Powering, Sensing, and Synthesizing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107902. [PMID: 35119203 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Considerable research efforts into the promises of electrogenic bacteria and the commercial opportunities they present are attempting to identify potential feasible applications. Metabolic electrons from the bacteria enable electricity generation sufficient to power portable or small-scale applications, while the quantifiable electric signal in a miniaturized device platform can be sensitive enough to monitor and respond to changes in environmental conditions. Nanomaterials produced by the electrogenic bacteria can offer an innovative bottom-up biosynthetic approach to synergize bacterial electron transfer and create an effective coupling at the cell-electrode interface. Furthermore, electrogenic bacteria can revolutionize the field of bioelectronics by effectively interfacing electronics with microbes through extracellular electron transfer. Here, these new directions for the electrogenic bacteria and their recent integration with micro- and nanosystems are comprehensively discussed with specific attention toward distinct applications in the field of powering, sensing, and synthesizing. Furthermore, challenges of individual applications and strategies toward potential solutions are provided to offer valuable guidelines for practical implementation. Finally, the perspective and view on how the use of electrogenic bacteria can hold immeasurable promise for the development of future electronics and their applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokheun Choi
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
- Center for Research in Advanced Sensing Technologies & Environmental Sustainability, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
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Su Y, Lu L, Zhou M. Wearable Microbial Fuel Cells for Sustainable Self-Powered Electronic Skins. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:8664-8668. [PMID: 35152701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Autonomous energy systems are key to sustainably powering electronic skins. Potential autonomous energy resources include sunlight, human motion, sweat, and body heat, among which the biofuel in human sweat is a most natural and available candidate. In this perspective, we discuss the promise of wearable microbial fuel cells as autonomous power suppliers for electronic skins by using the biofuels in human sweat. In comparison to wearable enzymatic biofuel cells, wearable microbial fuel cells offer easy access, low cost and superior sustainability. We summarize the present achievements and provide our vision toward future research to make wearable microbial fuel cells reliable on-skin power suppliers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yude Su
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nano-biosensing and Nano-bioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
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12
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Rajnicek AMR. Recent Bioelectricity-Related Articles Selected by Ann M. Rajnicek, Media Editor of Bioelectricity. Bioelectricity 2021. [DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2021.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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