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Huang J, Hu Y, Wang Y, Jin Z. Activation of Notch1-GATA3 pathway in asthma bronchial epithelial cells induced by acute PM2.5 exposure and the potential protective role of microRNA-139-5p. J Asthma 2024; 61:959-969. [PMID: 38346176 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2024.2316711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE PM2.5 is closed linked to asthma exacerbation. The Notch1 pathway acts as an important pathway, ultimately inducing T-helper cells that express GATA3 and its corresponding Th2 cytokines. The regulatory effects of miR-139-5p on the Notch1 pathway have been indicated in cancer. However, studies on miR-139-5p have not applied asthma-related models. The role of miR-139-5p and its regulatory effects on the Notch1-GATA3 pathway in asthma exacerbation induced by acute PM2.5 exposure has not been elucidated. We hypothesize that acute PM2.5 exposure induces asthma exacerbation by regulating the expression of miR-139-5p and activating the Notch1-GATA3 pathway. METHODS We first employed Diseased Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells-Asthma cells to establish an in vitro model of acute exposure to PM2.5, and explored the relationship between the different concentrations and durations of acute PM2.5 exposure and the activation of Notch1-GATA3 pathway. We investigated the protein and mRNA expression changes of Notch1, upstream Jagged1, downstream GATA3, as well as the regulatory effect of miR-139-5p involved in it. RESULTS The miR-139-5p expression increased within 24 h of PM2.5 exposure. However, if PM2.5 exposure was sustained, miR-139-5p expression turned to decrease, accompanied by upregulations of the mRNA and protein expression of Notch1-GATA3 pathway. Overexpression of miR-139-5p blocked Notch1-GATA3 pathway activation induced by acute PM2.5 exposure. CONCLUSION Acute PM2.5 exposure can activate Notch1-GATA3 pathway in asthma bronchial epithelial cells model, which might be involved in PM2.5-induced asthma exacerbation. miR-139-5p has a potential protective role of inhibiting PM2.5-induced asthma airway inflammation by targeting Notch1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Wu T, Chen S, Zhu X, Ma J, Luo M, Wang Y, Tian Y, Sun Q, Guo X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Wu L. Dynamic Regulation of Innate Lymphoid Cell Development During Ontogeny. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00090-4. [PMID: 39159846 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The Helper ILC contains various functional subsets, such as ILC1, ILC2, ILC3 and LTi cells, mediating the immune responses against viruses, parasites, and extracellular bacteria, respectively. Among them, LTi cells are also crucial for the formation of peripheral lymphoid tissues, such as lymph nodes. Our research, along with others', indicates a high proportion of LTi cells in the fetal ILC pool, which significantly decreases after birth. Conversely, the proportion of non-LTi ILCs increases postnatally, corresponding to the need for LTi cells to mediate lymphoid tissue formation during fetal stages and other ILC subsets to combat diverse pathogen infections postnatally. However, the regulatory mechanism for this transition remains unclear. In this study, we observed a preference for fetal ILC progenitors to differentiate into LTi cells, while postnatal bone marrow ILC progenitors preferentially differentiate into non-LTi ILCs. Particularly, this differentiation shift occurs within the first week after birth in mice. Further analysis revealed that adult ILC progenitors exhibit stronger activation of the Notch signaling pathway compared to fetal counterparts, accompanied by elevated Gata3 expression and decreased Rorc expression, leading to a transition from fetal LTi cell-dominant states to adult non LTi ILC-dominant states. This study suggests that the body can regulate ILC development by modulating the activation level of the Notch signaling pathway, thereby acquiring different ILC subsets to accommodate the varying demands within the body at different developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, Beijing, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics/Bioinformatics Division, BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Maocai Luo
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuanhao Wang
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yujie Tian
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianhong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xuegong Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics/Bioinformatics Division, BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yunping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Li Wu
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China.
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Palti Y, Vallejo RL, Purcell MK, Gao G, Shewbridge KL, Long RL, Setzke C, Fragomeni BO, Cheng H, Martin KE, Naish KA. Genome-wide association analysis of the resistance to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in two rainbow trout aquaculture lines confirms oligogenic architecture with several moderate effect quantitative trait loci. Front Genet 2024; 15:1394656. [PMID: 38854430 PMCID: PMC11162110 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1394656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) is a disease of salmonid fish that is caused by the IHN virus (IHNV), which can cause substantial mortality and economic losses in rainbow trout aquaculture and fisheries enhancement hatchery programs. In a previous study on a commercial rainbow trout breeding line that has undergone selection, we found that genetic resistance to IHNV is controlled by the oligogenic inheritance of several moderate and many small effect quantitative trait loci (QTL). Here we used genome wide association analyses in two different commercial aquaculture lines that were naïve to previous exposure to IHNV to determine whether QTL were shared across lines, and to investigate whether there were major effect loci that were still segregating in the naïve lines. A total of 1,859 and 1,768 offspring from two commercial aquaculture strains were phenotyped for resistance to IHNV and genotyped with the rainbow trout Axiom 57K SNP array. Moderate heritability values (0.15-0.25) were estimated. Two statistical methods were used for genome wide association analyses in the two populations. No major QTL were detected despite the naïve status of the two lines. Further, our analyses confirmed an oligogenic architecture for genetic resistance to IHNV in rainbow trout. Overall, 17 QTL with notable effect (≥1.9% of the additive genetic variance) were detected in at least one of the two rainbow trout lines with at least one of the two statistical methods. Five of those QTL were mapped to overlapping or adjacent chromosomal regions in both lines, suggesting that some loci may be shared across commercial lines. Although some of the loci detected in this GWAS merit further investigation to better understand the biological basis of IHNV disease resistance across populations, the overall genetic architecture of IHNV resistance in the two rainbow trout lines suggests that genomic selection may be a more effective strategy for genetic improvement in this trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yniv Palti
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Roger L. Vallejo
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Maureen K. Purcell
- US Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Guangtu Gao
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Kristy L. Shewbridge
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Roseanna L. Long
- National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Christopher Setzke
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Breno O. Fragomeni
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Kerry A. Naish
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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To TT, Oparaugo NC, Kheshvadjian AR, Nelson AM, Agak GW. Understanding Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Crosstalk with the Microbiota: A Skin Connection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2021. [PMID: 38396697 PMCID: PMC10888374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a diverse population of lymphocytes classified into natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and ILCregs, broadly following the cytokine secretion and transcription factor profiles of classical T cell subsets. Nonetheless, the ILC lineage does not have rearranged antigen-specific receptors and possesses distinct characteristics. ILCs are found in barrier tissues such as the skin, lungs, and intestines, where they play a role between acquired immune cells and myeloid cells. Within the skin, ILCs are activated by the microbiota and, in turn, may influence the microbiome composition and modulate immune function through cytokine secretion or direct cellular interactions. In particular, ILC3s provide epithelial protection against extracellular bacteria. However, the mechanism by which these cells modulate skin health and homeostasis in response to microbiome changes is unclear. To better understand how ILC3s function against microbiota perturbations in the skin, we propose a role for these cells in response to Cutibacterium acnes, a predominant commensal bacterium linked to the inflammatory skin condition, acne vulgaris. In this article, we review current evidence describing the role of ILC3s in the skin and suggest functional roles by drawing parallels with ILC3s from other organs. We emphasize the limited understanding and knowledge gaps of ILC3s in the skin and discuss the potential impact of ILC3-microbiota crosstalk in select skin diseases. Exploring the dialogue between the microbiota and ILC3s may lead to novel strategies to ameliorate skin immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Tam To
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicole Chizara Oparaugo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander R. Kheshvadjian
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amanda M. Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - George W. Agak
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Luo H, Luo J, Ding N, Zhang T, He Y. BICDL1 Predicts Poor Prognosis and is Correlated with Methylation and Immune Infiltration in Colorectal Cancer. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:1109-1126. [PMID: 38149287 PMCID: PMC10750784 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s424209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bicaudal-D (BICD) Family Like Cargo Adaptor 1 (BICDL1) is an essential component of the molecular mechanism during neuronal development. However, BICDL1 has not been reported in cancer. Using bioinformatics analysis, we systematically evaluated the potential role of BICDL1 in CRC. Methods Colorectal cancer (CRC) and normal tissue samples were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis, nomogram, COX analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the prognostic power. Correlation analysis was also conducted to explore the correlation between mRNA expression and the methylation level of BICDL1 using cBioPortal, and the correlation between immune infiltration and BICDL1. RT-qPCR and Western blot assays were performed to analyze BICDL1 expression level between human colorectal cancer cell lines and normal colonic epithelial cells. Results BICDL1 had a higher expression in CRC tissues than in normal tissues (p < 0.001) in TCGA and GES 74602 datasets. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with high BICDL1 expression had lower overall survival (OS) (1.53, 95% confidence interval: 1.07-2.17, p=0.019). The ROC curves demonstrated that BICDL1 has high specificity and efficiency in diagnosis (AUC=0.919, CI: 0.895-0.943). The expression level of BICDL1 was significantly correlated with the infiltrating levels of Treg (R=0.146, p <0.001), TFH (R=0.080, p=0.043), NK CD56bright cells (R=0.149, p <0.001), aDC (R=0.095, p=0.016), and T helper cell infiltration (R=-0.084, p=0.034). The correlation between BICDL1 expression and methylation levels was negative (R2=0.134, p <0.001), and CRC patients had lower methylation levels than normal people (p=0.036). BICDL1 mRNA and its protein expression levels in CRC cell lines (SW620) was markedly increased compared with that of normal colonic epithelial cells (NCM460) (p < 0.001). Conclusion BICDL1 may be a potential biomarker for evaluating immune infiltration levels and prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbiao Luo
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Chenzhou NO. 1 People’s Hospital, Chenzhou, Hunan, 423000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine on Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Ding
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongheng He
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Karpenko DV. Immune Privileges as a Result of Mutual Regulation of Immune and Stem Systems. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:1818-1831. [PMID: 38105201 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923110123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Immune privileges of cancer stem cells is a well-known and widely studied problem, as presence of such cells in tumors is associated with refractoriness, recurrence, and metastasis. Accumulating evidence also suggests presence of immune privileges in non-pathological stem cells in addition to their other defense mechanisms against damaging factors. This similarity between pathological and normal stem cells raises the question of why stem cells have such a potentially dangerous property. Regulation of vital processes of autoimmunity control and regeneration realized through interactions between immune cells, stem cells, and their microenvironment are reviewed in this work as causes of formation of the stem cell immune privilege. Deep mutual integration between regulations of stem and immune cells is noted. Considering diversity and complexity of mutual regulation of stem cells, their microenvironment, and immune system, I suggest the term "stem system".
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy V Karpenko
- Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation of Hematopoiesis, National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, 125167, Russia.
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7
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Jia H, Wan H, Zhang D. Innate lymphoid cells: a new key player in atopic dermatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277120. [PMID: 37908364 PMCID: PMC10613734 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic inflammatory skin condition mainly caused by gene variants, immune disorders, and environmental risk factors. The T helper (Th) 2 immune response mediated by interleukin (IL)-4/13 is generally believed to be central in the pathogenesis of AD. It has been shown that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a major effector cell role in the immune response in tissue homeostasis and inflammation and fascinating details about the interaction between innate and adaptive immunity. Changes in ILCs may contribute to the onset and progression of AD, and ILC2s especially have gained much attention. However, the role of ILCs in AD still needs to be further elucidated. This review summarizes the role of ILCs in skin homeostasis and highlights the signaling pathways in which ILCs may be involved in AD, thus providing valuable insights into the behavior of ILCs in skin homeostasis and inflammation, as well as new approaches to treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Jia
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Huiying Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Raabe J, Kaiser KM, ToVinh M, Finnemann C, Lutz P, Hoffmeister C, Bischoff J, Goeser F, Kaczmarek DJ, Glowka TR, Manekeller S, Charpentier A, Langhans B, Nischalke HD, Toma M, Strassburg CP, Spengler U, Abdallah AT, Krämer B, Nattermann J. Identification and characterization of a hepatic IL-13-producing ILC3-like population potentially involved in liver fibrosis. Hepatology 2023; 78:787-802. [PMID: 37029085 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Human innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critically involved in the modulation of homeostatic and inflammatory processes in various tissues. However, only little is known about the composition of the intrahepatic ILC pool and its potential role in chronic liver disease. Here, we performed a detailed characterization of intrahepatic ILCs in both healthy and fibrotic livers. APPROACH AND RESULTS A total of 50 livers (nonfibrotic = 22, and fibrotic = 29) were analyzed and compared with colon and tonsil tissue (each N = 14) and peripheral blood (N = 32). Human intrahepatic ILCs were characterized ex vivo and on stimulation using flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing. ILC differentiation and plasticity were analyzed by both bulk and clonal expansion experiments. Finally, the effects of ILC-derived cytokines on primary human HSteCs were studied. Unexpectedly, we found that an "unconventional" ILC3-like cell represented the major IL-13-producing liver ILC subset. IL-13 + ILC3-like cells were specifically enriched in the human liver, and increased frequencies of this cell type were found in fibrotic livers. ILC3-derived IL-13 production induced upregulation of proinflammatory genes in HSteCs, indicating a potential role in the regulation of hepatic fibrogenesis. Finally, we identified KLRG1-expressing ILC precursors as the potential progenitor of hepatic IL-13 + ILC3-like cells. CONCLUSIONS We identified a formerly undescribed subset of IL-13-producing ILC3-like cells that is enriched in the human liver and may be involved in the modulation of chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Raabe
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kim M Kaiser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael ToVinh
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia Finnemann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Lutz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jenny Bischoff
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felix Goeser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Tim R Glowka
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Arthur Charpentier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bettina Langhans
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Marieta Toma
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Spengler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ali T Abdallah
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- The German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)
| | - Benjamin Krämer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- The German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)
| | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- The German Center for Infection Research (DZIF)
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Zhang Y, Wang T, Wu S, Tang L, Wang J, Yang J, Yao S, Zhang Y. Notch signaling pathway: a new target for neuropathic pain therapy. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:87. [PMID: 37454050 PMCID: PMC10349482 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch gene, a highly evolutionarily conserved gene, was discovered approximately 110 years ago and has been found to play a crucial role in the development of multicellular organisms. Notch receptors and their ligands are single-pass transmembrane proteins that typically require cellular interactions and proteolytic processing to facilitate signal transduction. Recently, mounting evidence has shown that aberrant activation of the Notch is correlated with neuropathic pain. The activation of the Notch signaling pathway can cause the activation of neuroglia and the release of pro-inflammatory factors, a key mechanism in the development of neuropathic pain. Moreover, the Notch signaling pathway may contribute to the persistence of neuropathic pain by enhancing synaptic transmission and calcium inward flow. This paper reviews the structure and activation of the Notch signaling pathway, as well as its potential mechanisms of action, to provide novel insights for future treatments of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Sanlan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li Tang
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jia Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Research Center for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, The Key Laboratory of Neuro-Informatics & Rehabilitation En-Gineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Jinghan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Pain, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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10
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Korchagina AA, Shein SA, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. Transcriptional control of ILC identity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1146077. [PMID: 36969171 PMCID: PMC10033543 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1146077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are heterogeneous innate immune cells which participate in host defense, mucosal repair and immunopathology by producing effector cytokines similarly to their adaptive immune cell counterparts. The development of ILC1, 2, and 3 subsets is controlled by core transcription factors: T-bet, GATA3, and RORγt, respectively. ILCs can undergo plasticity and transdifferentiate to other ILC subsets in response to invading pathogens and changes in local tissue environment. Accumulating evidence suggests that the plasticity and the maintenance of ILC identity is controlled by a balance between these and additional transcription factors such as STATs, Batf, Ikaros, Runx3, c-Maf, Bcl11b, and Zbtb46, activated in response to lineage-guiding cytokines. However, how interplay between these transcription factors leads to ILC plasticity and the maintenance of ILC identity remains hypothetical. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding transcriptional regulation of ILCs in homeostatic and inflammatory conditions.
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11
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Korchagina AA, Koroleva E, Tumanov AV. Innate Lymphoid Cell Plasticity in Mucosal Infections. Microorganisms 2023; 11:461. [PMID: 36838426 PMCID: PMC9967737 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal tissue homeostasis is a dynamic process that involves multiple mechanisms including regulation of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs are mostly tissue-resident cells which are critical for tissue homeostasis and immune response against pathogens. ILCs can sense environmental changes and rapidly respond by producing effector cytokines to limit pathogen spread and initiate tissue recovery. However, dysregulation of ILCs can also lead to immunopathology. Accumulating evidence suggests that ILCs are dynamic population that can change their phenotype and functions under rapidly changing tissue microenvironment. However, the significance of ILC plasticity in response to pathogens remains poorly understood. Therefore, in this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the mechanisms regulating ILC plasticity in response to intestinal, respiratory and genital tract pathogens. Key transcription factors and lineage-guiding cytokines regulate this plasticity. Additionally, we discuss the emerging data on the role of tissue microenvironment, gut microbiota, and hypoxia in ILC plasticity in response to mucosal pathogens. The identification of new pathways and molecular mechanisms that control functions and plasticity of ILCs could uncover more specific and effective therapeutic targets for infectious and autoimmune diseases where ILCs become dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexei V. Tumanov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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12
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Fang D, Healy A, Zhu J. Differential regulation of lineage-determining transcription factor expression in innate lymphoid cell and adaptive T helper cell subsets. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1081153. [PMID: 36685550 PMCID: PMC9846361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1081153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4 T helper (Th) cell subsets, including Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells, and their innate counterparts innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets consisting of ILC1s, ILC2s and ILC3s, display similar effector cytokine-producing capabilities during pro-inflammatory immune responses. These lymphoid cell subsets utilize the same set of lineage-determining transcription factors (LDTFs) for their differentiation, development and functions. The distinct ontogeny and developmental niches between Th cells and ILCs indicate that they may adopt different external signals for the induction of LDTF during lineage commitment. Increasing evidence demonstrates that many conserved cis-regulatory elements at the gene loci of LDTFs are often preferentially utilized for the induction of LDTF expression during Th cell differentiation and ILC development at different stages. In this review, we discuss the functions of lineage-related cis-regulatory elements in inducing T-bet, GATA3 or RORγt expression based on the genetic evidence provided in recent publications. We also review and compare the upstream signals involved in LDTF induction in Th cells and ILCs both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we discuss the possible mechanisms and physiological importance of regulating LDTF dynamic expression during ILC development and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Difeng Fang
- *Correspondence: Difeng Fang, ; Jinfang Zhu,
| | | | - Jinfang Zhu
- *Correspondence: Difeng Fang, ; Jinfang Zhu,
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13
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Group 2 innate lymphoid cells in human asthma. Allergol Int 2022; 72:194-200. [PMID: 36585333 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by increased airway hyperresponsiveness, reversible airflow limitation, and remodeling due to allergic airway inflammation. Asthma has been proposed to be classified into various phenotypes by cluster analyses integrating clinical information and laboratory data. Recently, asthma has been classified into two major endotypes, Type 2-high and Type 2-low asthma, and various subtypes based on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In Type 2-high asthma, Th2 cells, together with group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), produce type 2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13, which play crucial roles in causing airway inflammation. The roles of ILC2s in asthma pathogenesis have been analyzed primarily in murine models, demonstrating their importance not only in IL-33- or papain-induced innate asthma models but also in house dust mite (HDM)- or ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acquired asthma models evoked in an antigen-specific manner. Recently, evidence regarding the roles of ILC2s in human asthma is also accumulating. This minireview summarizes the roles of ILC2s in asthma, emphasizing human studies.
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14
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Zheng L, Duan SL, Wen XL, Dai YC. Molecular regulation after mucosal injury and regeneration in ulcerative colitis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:996057. [PMID: 36310594 PMCID: PMC9606627 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.996057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease with a complex etiology. Intestinal mucosal injury is an important pathological change in individuals with UC. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5+) intestinal stem cells (ISCs) exhibit self-renewal and high differentiation potential and play important roles in the repair of intestinal mucosal injury. Moreover, LGR5+ ISCs are intricately regulated by both the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling pathways, which jointly maintain the function of LGR5+ ISCs. Combination therapy targeting multiple signaling pathways and transplantation of LGR5+ ISCs may lead to the development of new clinical therapies for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin-Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yan-Cheng Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Cheng Dai,
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15
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Jowett GM, Read E, Roberts LB, Coman D, Vilà González M, Zabinski T, Niazi U, Reis R, Trieu TJ, Danovi D, Gentleman E, Vallier L, Curtis MA, Lord GM, Neves JF. Organoids capture tissue-specific innate lymphoid cell development in mice and humans. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111281. [PMID: 36044863 PMCID: PMC9638027 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoid-based models of murine and human innate lymphoid cell precursor (ILCP) maturation are presented. First, murine intestinal and pulmonary organoids are harnessed to demonstrate that the epithelial niche is sufficient to drive tissue-specific maturation of all innate lymphoid cell (ILC) groups in parallel, without requiring subset-specific cytokine supplementation. Then, more complex human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based gut and lung organoid models are used to demonstrate that human epithelial cells recapitulate maturation of ILC from a stringent systemic human ILCP population, but only when the organoid-associated stromal cells are depleted. These systems offer versatile and reductionist models to dissect the impact of environmental and mucosal niche cues on ILC maturation. In the future, these could provide insight into how ILC activity and development might become dysregulated in chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine M Jowett
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Wellcome Trust Cell Therapies and Regenerative Medicine Ph.D. Programme, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Emily Read
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Luke B Roberts
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Diana Coman
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Marta Vilà González
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tomasz Zabinski
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Umar Niazi
- Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre Translational Bioinformatics Platform, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Rita Reis
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Tung-Jui Trieu
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Davide Danovi
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; bit.bio, Babraham Research Campus, The Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Cambridge CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome and MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Michael A Curtis
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Graham M Lord
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Joana F Neves
- School for Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK; Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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16
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Croft CA, Thaller A, Marie S, Doisne JM, Surace L, Yang R, Puel A, Bustamante J, Casanova JL, Di Santo JP. Notch, RORC and IL-23 signals cooperate to promote multi-lineage human innate lymphoid cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4344. [PMID: 35896601 PMCID: PMC9329340 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) include cytotoxic natural killer cells and distinct groups of cytokine-producing innate helper cells which participate in immune defense and promote tissue homeostasis. Circulating human ILC precursors (ILCP) able to generate all canonical ILC subsets via multi-potent or uni-potent intermediates according to our previous work. Here we show potential cooperative roles for the Notch and IL-23 signaling pathways for human ILC differentiation from blood ILCP using single cell cloning analyses and validate these findings in patient samples with rare genetic deficiencies in IL12RB1 and RORC. Mechanistically, Notch signaling promotes upregulation of the transcription factor RORC, enabling acquisition of Group 1 (IFN-γ) and Group 3 (IL-17A, IL-22) effector functions in multi-potent and uni-potent ILCP. Interfering with RORC or signaling through its target IL-23R compromises ILC3 effector functions but also generally suppresses ILC production from multi-potent ILCP. Our results identify a Notch->RORC- > IL-23R pathway which operates during human ILC differentiation. These observations may help guide protocols to expand functional ILC subsets in vitro with an aim towards novel ILC therapies for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carys A Croft
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Anna Thaller
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Solenne Marie
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Doisne
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Laura Surace
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - James P Di Santo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Innate Immunity Unit, Paris, France.
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17
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Constantin AM, Boşca AB, Melincovici CS, Mărginean MV, Jianu EM, Moldovan IM, Sufleţel RT, Djouini A, Şovrea AS, Şovrea AS. Short histological kaleidoscope - recent findings in histology. Part II. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2022; 63:275-292. [PMID: 36374135 PMCID: PMC9801680 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.63.2.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This article focuses on the latest histological knowledge in the field regarding the peripheral lymphoid system [mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)], the thymus stroma, some of the various corpuscles of the human body (Hassall's corpuscles in thymus, arenaceous corpuscles in pineal gland, corpora amylacea in prostate and other locations) and Fañanas glial cells in the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Constantin
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adina Bianca Boşca
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Stanca Melincovici
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mariana Viorica Mărginean
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Mihaela Jianu
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Maria Moldovan
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rada Teodora Sufleţel
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Amina Djouini
- Ophthalmology Resident Physician, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Alina Simona Şovrea
- Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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18
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Guards! Guards! How innate lymphoid cells ensure local law and order. Biomed J 2021; 44:105-111. [PMID: 33994144 PMCID: PMC8178564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This special issue of the Biomedical Journal is dedicated to the latest official recruits in the field of immunology: innate lymphoid cells, the tissue-resident sentinels and first responders to damage or invasion. Subsequently, we consider extracellular vesicle release during bacterial infection, how immunomodulation can avoid compromising Mycobacterium tuberculosis clearance, and how innate immunity jeopardises the organism during rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, we ponder over the predictive value of cardiac troponin in influenza, the virtues of cashew nuts and bilirubin, as well as holes in the heart. Finally, we learn that mandibular movement during swallowing increases with the vertical dimension of occlusion, and that early controlled relaxation incisions restore the blood supply to the extremities in harlequin ichthyosis neonates.
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Neither B cell nor T cell - The unique group of innate lymphoid cells. Biomed J 2021; 44:112-114. [PMID: 33985926 PMCID: PMC8178576 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This special issue contains four review articles that analyze the development and biology of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are the most recently-discovered group of innate immune cells. This unique group of lymphoid cells lacks the RAG gene and consequently does not express B cell nor T cell antigen-specific receptors. They are abundant at mucosal surfaces, where they play a role in immunity and homeostasis. The ILCs are the focus of intensive research efforts to understand their development and function.
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