1
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Xiao J, Chen X, Liu W, Qian W, Bulek K, Hong L, Miller-Little W, Li X, Liu C. TRAF4 is crucial for ST2+ memory Th2 cell expansion in IL-33-driven airway inflammation. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169736. [PMID: 37607012 PMCID: PMC10561728 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) is an important regulator of type 2 responses in the airway; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, we generated T cell-specific TRAF4-deficient (CD4-cre Traf4fl/fl) mice and investigated the role of TRAF4 in memory Th2 cells expressing IL-33 receptor (ST2, suppression of tumorigenicity 2) (ST2+ mTh2 cells) in IL-33-mediated type 2 airway inflammation. We found that in vitro-polarized TRAF4-deficient (CD4-cre Traf4fl/fl) ST2+ mTh2 cells exhibited decreased IL-33-induced proliferation as compared with TRAF4-sufficient (Traf4fl/fl) cells. Moreover, CD4-cre Traf4fl/fl mice showed less ST2+ mTh2 cell proliferation and eosinophilic infiltration in the lungs than Traf4fl/fl mice in the preclinical models of IL-33-mediated type 2 airway inflammation. Mechanistically, we discovered that TRAF4 was required for the activation of AKT/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways as well as the expression of transcription factor Myc and nutrient transporters (Slc2a1, Slc7a1, and Slc7a5), signature genes involved in T cell growth and proliferation, in ST2+ mTh2 cells stimulated by IL-33. Taken together, the current study reveals a role of TRAF4 in ST2+ mTh2 cells in IL-33-mediated type 2 pulmonary inflammation, opening up avenues for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Xiao
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xing Chen
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wen Qian
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Katarzyna Bulek
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lingzi Hong
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - William Miller-Little
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program
- Department of Pathology, and
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Caini Liu
- Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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2
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Lu J, Yang P, Yu L, Xie N, Wu Y, Li B. Identification of m7G-Related LncRNA Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Evaluating Tumor Immune Infiltration in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13101697. [PMID: 37238181 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
N7-Methylguanosine (m7G) modification holds significant importance in regulating posttranscriptional gene expression in epigenetics. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in cancer progression. m7G-related lncRNA may be involved in the progression of pancreatic cancer (PC), although the underlying mechanism of regulation remains obscure. We obtained RNA sequence transcriptome data and relevant clinical information from the TCGA and GTEx databases. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk analyses were performed to build a twelve-m7G-associated lncRNA risk model with prognostic value. The model was verified using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The expression level of m7G-related lncRNAs in vitro was validated. Knockdown of SNHG8 increased the proliferation and migration of PC cells. Differentially expressed genes between high- and low-risk groups were identified for gene set enrichment analysis, immune infiltration, and potential drug exploration. We conducted an m7G-related lncRNA predictive risk model for PC patients. The model had independent prognostic significance and offered an exact survival prediction. The research provided us with better knowledge of the regulation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in PC. The m7G-related lncRNA risk model may serve as a precise prognostic tool and indicate prospective therapeutic targets for PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Pusheng Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecology Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lanting Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Baiwen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
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3
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Zhu JJ, Guo T, Zhang ZW, Qian H, Tian P, Yu KY, Wu WJ, Zhang JW. Design, Synthesis, Insecticidal Activities and Molecular Docking of Sulfonamide Derivatives Containing Propargyloxy or Pyridine Groups. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201020. [PMID: 36536172 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new highly active molecules from natural products is a common method to create new pesticides. Celangulin V targeting Mythimna separate (M. separate) midgut V-ATPase H subunit, has received considerable attention for its excellent insecticidal activity and unique mechanism of action. Therefore, combined with our preliminary work, thirty-seven sulfonamide derivatives bearing propargyloxy or pyridine groups were systematically synthesized to search for insecticidal candidate compounds with low cost and high efficiency on the H subunit of V-ATPase. Bioactive results showed that compounds A2-A4 and A6-A7 exhibited a better bioactivity with median effective concentration (LC50 ) values (2.78, 3.11, 3.34, 3.54 and 2.48 mg/mL, respectively) against third-instar larvae of M. separate than Celangulin V (LC50 =18.1 mg/mL). Additionally, molecular docking experiments indicated that these molecules may act on the H subunit of V-ATPase. Based on the above results, these compounds provide new ideas for the discovery of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tao Guo
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hao Qian
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Peng Tian
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ke-Yin Yu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ji-Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xian Yang Shi, Yangling, 712100, China.,Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
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4
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Jiang Y, Gu J, Nie W, Lu G, Xin M, Zhu Z, Jiang J, Meng Y, Miao H, Zou Y. Copper‐Catalyzed C(sp
2
)−N Coupling of (
E
)‐3‐(2‐Bromophenysl)‐2‐arylacrylamides for the Synthesis of 3‐Arylquinolin‐2‐ones. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Nie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Meixiu Xin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Zefeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Heyuan 517000 P. R. China
| | - Jiayao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yingfen Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Hui Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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5
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Adnan M, Jairajpuri DS, Chaddha M, Khan MS, Yadav DK, Mohammad T, Elasbali AM, Abu Al-Soud W, Hussain Alharethi S, Hassan MI. Discovering Tuberosin and Villosol as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of AKT1 for Therapeutic Targeting of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071083. [PMID: 35887580 PMCID: PMC9322152 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major cause of death in developing countries because of high tobacco consumption. RAC-alpha serine-threonine kinase (AKT1) is considered as an attractive drug target because its prolonged activation and overexpression are associated with cancer progression and metastasis. In addition, several AKT1 inhibitors are being developed to control OSCC and other associated forms of cancers. We performed a screening of the IMPPAT (Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry and Therapeutics) database to discover promising AKT1 inhibitors which pass through various important filters such as ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties, physicochemical properties, PAINS (pan-assay interference compounds) filters, PASS (prediction of activity spectra for substances) analysis, and specific interactions with AKT1. Molecules bearing admirable binding affinity and specificity towards AKT1 were selected for further analysis. Initially, we identified 30 natural compounds bearing appreciable affinity and specific interaction with AKT1. Finally, tuberosin and villosol were selected as potent and selective AKT1 inhibitors. To obtain deeper insights into binding mechanism and selectivity, we performed an all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and principal component analysis (PCA). We observed that both tuberosin and villosol strongly bind to AKT1, and their complexes were stable throughout the simulation trajectories. Our in-depth structure analysis suggested that tuberosin and villosol could be further exploited in the therapeutic targeting of OSCC and other cancers after further clinical validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Deeba Shamim Jairajpuri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 26671, Bahrain;
| | - Muskan Chaddha
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21924, Korea
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.C.); (T.M.)
| | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Sciences-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Waleed Abu Al-Soud
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia;
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Hussain Alharethi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Arts and Science, Najran University, Najran 66252, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India; (M.C.); (T.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.K.Y.); (M.I.H.)
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6
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Della Verde G, Mochizuki M, Lorenz V, Roux J, Xu L, Ramin-Wright L, Pfister O, Kuster GM. Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 is a regulator of the cardiac side population in mice. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 5:5/3/e202101112. [PMID: 34903561 PMCID: PMC8711848 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt3) is a regulator of hematopoietic progenitor cells and a target of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Flt3-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors can have cardiovascular side effects. Flt3 and its ligand (Flt3L) are expressed in the heart, but little is known about their physiological functions. Here, we show that cardiac side population progenitor cells (SP-CPCs) from mice produce and are responsive to Flt3L. Compared with wild-type, flt3L-/- mice have less SP-CPCs with less contribution of CD45-CD34+ cells and lower expression of genes related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cardiovascular development and stem cell differentiation. Upon culturing, flt3L-/- SP-CPCs show increased proliferation and less vasculogenic commitment, whereas Akt phosphorylation is lower. Notably, proliferation and differentiation can be partially restored towards wild-type levels in the presence of alternative receptor tyrosine kinase-activating growth factors signaling through Akt. The lower vasculogenic potential of flt3L-/- SP-CPCs reflects in decreased microvascularisation and lower systolic function of flt3L-/- hearts. Thus, Flt3 regulates phenotype and function of murine SP-CPCs and contributes to cellular and molecular properties that are relevant for their cardiovasculogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Della Verde
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michika Mochizuki
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vera Lorenz
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julien Roux
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lifen Xu
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Leandra Ramin-Wright
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Otmar Pfister
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela M Kuster
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland .,Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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7
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Wiechmann S, Ruprecht B, Siekmann T, Zheng R, Frejno M, Kunold E, Bajaj T, Zolg DP, Sieber SA, Gassen NC, Kuster B. Chemical Phosphoproteomics Sheds New Light on the Targets and Modes of Action of AKT Inhibitors. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:631-641. [PMID: 33755436 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.0c00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to its important roles in oncogenic signaling, AKT has been subjected to extensive drug discovery efforts leading to small molecule inhibitors investigated in advanced clinical trials. To better understand how these drugs exert their therapeutic effects at the molecular level, we combined chemoproteomic target affinity profiling using kinobeads and phosphoproteomics to analyze the five clinical AKT inhibitors AZD5363 (Capivasertib), GSK2110183 (Afuresertib), GSK690693, Ipatasertib, and MK-2206 in BT-474 breast cancer cells. Kinobead profiling identified between four and 29 nM targets for these compounds and showed that AKT1 and AKT2 were the only common targets. Similarly, measuring the response of the phosphoproteome to the same inhibitors identified ∼1700 regulated phosphorylation sites, 276 of which were perturbed by all five compounds. This analysis expanded the known AKT signaling network by 119 phosphoproteins that may represent direct or indirect targets of AKT. Within this new network, 41 regulated phosphorylation sites harbor the AKT substrate motif, and recombinant kinase assays validated 16 as novel AKT substrates. These included CEP170 and FAM83H, suggesting a regulatory function of AKT in mitosis and cytoskeleton organization. In addition, a specific phosphorylation pattern on the ULK1-FIP200-ATG13-VAPB complex was found to determine the active state of ULK1, leading to elevated autophagy in response to AKT inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Wiechmann
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ruprecht
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Theresa Siekmann
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Runsheng Zheng
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Martin Frejno
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Elena Kunold
- Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Bonn Clinical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel P. Zolg
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Stephan A. Sieber
- Organic Chemistry II, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nils C. Gassen
- Department of Psychiatry, Bonn Clinical Center, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 80336 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, 85354 Freising, Germany
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8
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Zhao F, Sun X, Lu W, Xu L, Shi J, Yang S, Zhou M, Su F, Lin F, Cao F. Synthesis of novel, DNA binding heterocyclic dehydroabietylamine derivatives as potential antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing agents. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:216-227. [PMID: 31984809 PMCID: PMC7034089 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1716879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several dehydroabietylamine derivatives containing heterocyclic moieties such as thiophene and pyrazine ring were successfully synthesized. The antiproliferative activities of these thiophene-based Schiff-bases, thiophene amides, and pyrazine amides were investigated in vitro against Hela (cervix), MCF-7 (breast), A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), and HUVEC (umbilical vein) cells by MTT assay. The toxicity of L1-L10 (IC50 = 5.92- >100 μM) was lower than L0 (1.27 μM) and DOX (4.40 μM) in every case. Compound L1 had higher anti-HepG2 (0.66 μM), anti-MCF-7 (5.33 μM), and anti-A549 (2.11 μM) and compound L3 had higher anti-HepG2 (1.63 μM) and anti-MCF-7 (2.65 μM) activities. Both of these compounds were recognized with high efficiency in apoptosis induction in HepG2 cells and intercalated binding modes with DNA. Moreover, with average IC50 values of 0.66 and 5.98 μM, L1 was nine times more effective at suppressing cultured HepG2 cells viability than normal cells (SI = 9). The relative tumor proliferation rate (T/C) was 38.6%, the tumor inhibition rate was up to 61.2%, which indicated that L1 had no significant toxicity but high anti-HepG2 activity in vivo. Thus, it may be a potential antiproliferation drug with nontoxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry
in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR
China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xu Sun
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
- College of Information Science and Technology,
Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wen Lu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Li Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry
in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR
China
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jiuzhou Shi
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Shilong Yang
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Mengyi Zhou
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fan Su
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Feng Lin
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry
in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, PR
China
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry
University, Nanjing, PR China
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9
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A Molecular Dynamics Study Proposing the Existence of Structural Interaction Between Cancer Cell Receptor and RNA Aptamer. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01740-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Darroudi M, Mohammadi Ziarani G, Ghasemi JB, Badiei A. Acenaphtoquinoxaline as a selective fluorescent sensor for Hg (II) detection: experimental and theoretical studies. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04986. [PMID: 33005795 PMCID: PMC7509793 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new fluorescent chemosensor based on quinoxaline was successfully synthesized through a facile and green catalytic reaction of ortho-phenylenediamine (O-PDA) and acenaphthylene-1,2-dione in the presence of SBA-Pr-SO3H. Prepared a "switch-off" quinoxaline-based receptor to recognized Hg2+ ion in high selectively and, without any interference from other metal ions, was developed. The photophysical behavior of this fluorophore was studied in acetonitrile by using fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence properties of several cations to acenaphtoquinoxaline were investigated in acetonitrile, and the competition test displayed that the probe fluorescence changes were specific for Hg2+ ion. The obtained results have shown high selectivity and sensitivity only for Hg2+. Also, the detection limit was as low as 42 ppb, and a top linear trend was observed between the concentration of Hg2+ ions and fluorescence intensity. The binding stoichiometry between chemosensor L and Hg2+ was found to be 1:1. Moreover, a computational study was performed to obtain an electronic description of the fluorescence emission and quenching mechanisms. The optimized structures and binding mechanisms were supported with a high correlation and agreement by spectroscopy and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Darroudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physic and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran P.O. Box 1993893973, Iran
| | - Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physic and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran P.O. Box 1993893973, Iran
| | - Jahan B. Ghasemi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Badiei
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Akram M, Niaz S, Adeel M, Tahir MN, Ullah I, Ullah MA, Subashchandrabose S, Uddin G. Spectroscopic, structural, electronic and bioactive characteristics of 3,5-bis(2,5-dimethylphenyl)pyridine (1): An experimental and theoretical investigations. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Yamamoto M, Abe C, Wakinaga S, Sakane K, Yumiketa Y, Taguchi Y, Matsumura T, Ishikawa K, Fujimoto J, Semba K, Miyauchi M, Akiyama T, Inoue JI. TRAF6 maintains mammary stem cells and promotes pregnancy-induced mammary epithelial cell expansion. Commun Biol 2019; 2:292. [PMID: 31396572 PMCID: PMC6684589 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB (RANK) signaling promotes pregnancy-dependent epithelial cell differentiation and expansion for mammary gland development, which requires NF-κB pathway-dependent Cyclin D1 induction and inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2) pathway-dependent anti-apoptotic gene induction. However, the roles of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) remain unclear despite its requirement in RANK signaling. Here we show that TRAF6 is crucial for both mammary stem cell maintenance and pregnancy-induced epithelial cell expansion. TRAF6 deficiency impairs phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and canonical NF-κB pathways, whereas noncanonical NF-κB signaling remains functional. Therefore, we propose that TRAF6 promotes cell proliferation by activating PI3K/AKT signaling to induce retinoblastoma phosphorylation in concert with noncanonical NF-κB pathway-dependent Cyclin D1 induction. Furthermore, TRAF6 inhibits apoptosis by activating canonical NF-κB signaling to induce anti-apoptotic genes with the Id2 pathway. Therefore, proper orchestration of TRAF6-dependent and -independent RANK signals likely establishes mammary gland formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Yamamoto
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Chiho Abe
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Sakura Wakinaga
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Kota Sakane
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Yo Yumiketa
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Yuu Taguchi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640 Japan
| | - Kosuke Ishikawa
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480 Japan
| | - Jiro Fujimoto
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480 Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bio-Science, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480 Japan
| | - Maki Miyauchi
- Laboratory for Immune Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Taishin Akiyama
- Laboratory for Immune Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Jun-ichiro Inoue
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
- Research Center for Asian Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
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13
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Naveja JJ, Medina-Franco JL. Finding Constellations in Chemical Space Through Core Analysis. Front Chem 2019; 7:510. [PMID: 31380353 PMCID: PMC6646408 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein we introduce the constellation plots as a general approach that merges different and complementary molecular representations to enhance the information contained in a visual representation and analysis of chemical space. The method is based on a combination of a sub-structure based representation and classification of compounds with a "classical" coordinate-based representation of chemical space. A distinctive outcome of the method is that organizing the compounds in analog series leads to the formation of groups of molecules, aka "constellations" in chemical space. The novel approach is general and can be used to rapidly identify, for instance, insightful and "bright" Structure-Activity Relationships (StARs) in chemical space that are easy to interpret. This kind of analysis is expected to be especially useful for lead identification in large datasets of unannotated molecules, such as those obtained through high-throughput screening. We demonstrate the application of the method using two datasets of focused inhibitors designed against DNMTs and AKT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Jesús Naveja
- PECEM, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José L. Medina-Franco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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14
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Tao QQ, Liu LW, Wang PY, Long QS, Zhao YL, Jin LH, Xu WM, Chen Y, Li Z, Yang S. Synthesis and In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Activity Evaluation and Quantitative Proteome Profiling of Oxadiazoles Bearing Flexible Heterocyclic Patterns. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7626-7639. [PMID: 31241941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of simple 1,3,4-oxadiazoles that bear flexible heterocyclic patterns was prepared, and their biological activities in plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, and Meloidogyne incognita in vitro and in vivo were screened to explore low-cost and versatile antimicrobial agents. Screening results showed that compounds, such as A0, B0, and C4, were bioactive against Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae in vitro and in vivo, and such bioactivities were superior to those of commercial agents bismerthiazol and thiodiazole copper. Their antibacterial mechanisms were further investigated by quantitative proteomics and concentration-dependent scanning electron microscopy images. Antifungal results indicated that compound A0 displayed a selective and better antifungal effect on Botrytis cinerea with inhibition rate of 96.8% at 50 μg/mL. Nematocidal bioassays suggested that compound D1 had good in vitro nematocidal activity toward M. incognita at 24, 48, and 72 h, with the corresponding insecticidal efficiency of 48.7%, 64.1%, and 87.2% at 40 μg/mL. In vivo study further confirmed that compounds D1 and F2 showed nematocidal actions at 80 μg/mL with a disease index of 1.5. Given these advantages, this kind of molecular frameworks could be a suitable platform for exploring highly efficient agrochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Tao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Li-Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Pei-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Qing-Su Long
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Yong-Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Lin-Hong Jin
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Wei-Ming Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
| | - Zhong Li
- College of Pharmacy , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education , Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University , Guiyang 550025 , China
- College of Pharmacy , East China University of Science & Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
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15
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Autocrine STAT3 activation in HPV positive cervical cancer through a virus-driven Rac1-NFκB-IL-6 signalling axis. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007835. [PMID: 31226168 PMCID: PMC6608985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the leading cause of cervical cancer. Although the fundamental link between HPV infection and oncogenesis is established, the specific mechanisms of virus-mediated transformation are not fully understood. We previously demonstrated that the HPV encoded E6 protein increases the activity of the proto-oncogenic transcription factor STAT3 in primary human keratinocytes; however, the molecular basis for STAT3 activation in cervical cancer remains unclear. Here, we show that STAT3 phosphorylation in HPV positive cervical cancer cells is mediated primarily via autocrine activation by the pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin 6 (IL-6). Antibody-mediated blockade of IL-6 signalling in HPV positive cells inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation, whereas both recombinant IL-6 and conditioned media from HPV positive cells leads to increased STAT3 phosphorylation within HPV negative cervical cancer cells. Interestingly, we demonstrate that activation of the transcription factor NFκB, involving the small GTPase Rac1, is required for IL-6 production and subsequent STAT3 activation. Our data provides new insights into the molecular re-wiring of cancer cells by HPV E6. We reveal that activation of an IL-6 signalling axis drives the autocrine and paracrine phosphorylation of STAT3 within HPV positive cervical cancers cells and that activation of this pathway is essential for cervical cancer cell proliferation and survival. Greater understanding of this pathway provides a potential opportunity for the use of existing clinically approved drugs for the treatment of HPV-mediated cervical cancer.
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16
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Duan D, Derynck R. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced up-regulation of TGF-β receptors at the cell surface amplifies the TGF-β response. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8490-8504. [PMID: 30948511 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional activation of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) receptors (TGFBRs) is carefully regulated through integration of post-translational modifications, spatial regulation at the cellular level, and TGFBR availability at the cell surface. Although the bulk of TGFBRs resides inside the cells, AKT Ser/Thr kinase (AKT) activation in response to insulin or other growth factors rapidly induces transport of TGFBRs to the cell surface, thereby increasing the cell's responsiveness to TGF-β. We now demonstrate that TGF-β itself induces a rapid translocation of its own receptors to the cell surface and thus amplifies its own response. This mechanism of response amplification, which hitherto has not been reported for other cell-surface receptors, depended on AKT activation and TGF-β type I receptor kinase. In addition to an increase in cell-surface TGFBR levels, TGF-β treatment promoted TGFBR internalization, suggesting an overall amplification of TGFBR cycling. The TGF-β-induced increase in receptor presentation at the cell surface amplified TGF-β-induced SMAD family member (SMAD) activation and gene expression. Furthermore, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4), which also induces AKT activation, increased TGFBR levels at the cell surface, leading to enhanced autocrine activation of TGF-β-responsive SMADs and gene expression, providing context for the activation of TGF-β signaling in response to BMP during development. In summary, our results indicate that TGF-β- and BMP-induced activation of low levels of cell surface-associated TGFBRs rapidly mobilizes additional TGFBRs from intracellular stores to the cell surface, increasing the abundance of cell-surface TGFBRs and cells' responsiveness to TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Duan
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Rik Derynck
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143; Anatomy, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143.
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17
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Song M, Bode AM, Dong Z, Lee MH. AKT as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Cancer Res 2019; 79:1019-1031. [PMID: 30808672 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many cellular processes in cancer are attributed to kinase signaling networks. V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) plays a major role in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. AKT is activated by PI3K or phosphoinositide-dependent kinases (PDK) as well as growth factors, inflammation, and DNA damage. Signal transduction occurs through downstream effectors such as mTOR, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), or forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1). The abnormal overexpression or activation of AKT has been observed in many cancers, including ovarian, lung, and pancreatic cancers, and is associated with increased cancer cell proliferation and survival. Therefore, targeting AKT could provide an important approach for cancer prevention and therapy. In this review, we discuss the rationale for targeting AKT and also provide details regarding synthetic and natural AKT-targeting compounds and their associated studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiu Song
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Zigang Dong
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
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18
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Budi EH, Mamai O, Hoffman S, Akhurst RJ, Derynck R. Enhanced TGF-β Signaling Contributes to the Insulin-Induced Angiogenic Responses of Endothelial Cells. iScience 2019; 11:474-491. [PMID: 30684493 PMCID: PMC6348203 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels, is a key process in disease. We reported that insulin promotes translocation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) receptors to the plasma membrane of epithelial and fibroblast cells, thus enhancing TGF-β responsiveness. Since insulin promotes angiogenesis, we addressed whether increased autocrine TGF-β signaling participates in endothelial cell responses to insulin. We show that insulin enhances TGF-β responsiveness and autocrine TGF-β signaling in primary human endothelial cells, by inducing a rapid increase in cell surface TGF-β receptor levels. Autocrine TGF-β/Smad signaling contributed substantially to insulin-induced gene expression associated with angiogenesis, including TGF-β target genes encoding angiogenic mediators; was essential for endothelial cell migration; and participated in endothelial cell invasion and network formation. Blocking TGF-β signaling impaired insulin-induced microvessel outgrowth from neonatal aortic rings and modified insulin-stimulated blood vessel formation in zebrafish. We conclude that enhanced autocrine TGF-β signaling is integral to endothelial cell and angiogenic responses to insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erine H Budi
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California at San Francisco Broad Center, Room RMB-1027, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143-0669, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ons Mamai
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Steven Hoffman
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California at San Francisco Broad Center, Room RMB-1027, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143-0669, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rosemary J Akhurst
- Department of Anatomy, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rik Derynck
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California at San Francisco Broad Center, Room RMB-1027, 35 Medical Center Way, San Francisco, CA 94143-0669, USA; Department of Anatomy, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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19
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Akhtar N, Jabeen I, Jalal N, Antilla J. Structure-based pharmacophore models to probe anticancer activity of inhibitors of protein kinase B-beta (PKB β). Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:325-336. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Akhtar
- Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS); National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST); Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Jabeen
- Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS); National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST); Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Nasir Jalal
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin City China
| | - Jon Antilla
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin City China
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20
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A combined experimental and computational study of 3-bromo-5-(2,5-difluorophenyl) pyridine and 3,5-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)pyridine: Insight into the synthesis, spectroscopic, single crystal XRD, electronic, nonlinear optical and biological properties. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Al-Sha'er MA, Taha MO. Ligand-based modeling of Akt3 lead to potent dual Akt1/Akt3 inhibitor. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 83:153-166. [PMID: 29456101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Akt1 and Akt3 are important serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in G2 phase required by cancer cells to maintain cell cycle and to prevent cell death. Accordingly, inhibitors of these kinases should have potent anti-cancer properties. This prompted us to use pharmacophore/QSAR modeling to identify optimal binding models and physicochemical descriptors that explain bioactivity variation within a set of 74 diverse Akt3 inhibitors. Two successful orthogonal pharmacophores were identified and further validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. The pharmacophoric models and associated QSAR equation were applied to screen the national cancer institute (NCI) list of compounds for new Akt3 inhibitors. Six hits showed significant experimental anti-Akt3 IC50 values, out of which one compound exhibited dual low micromolar anti-Akt1 and anti-Akt3 inhibitory profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mutasem O Taha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
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22
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Schmid CL, Kennedy NM, Ross NC, Lovell KM, Yue Z, Morgenweck J, Cameron MD, Bannister TD, Bohn LM. Bias Factor and Therapeutic Window Correlate to Predict Safer Opioid Analgesics. Cell 2017; 171:1165-1175.e13. [PMID: 29149605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Biased agonism has been proposed as a means to separate desirable and adverse drug responses downstream of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) targets. Herein, we describe structural features of a series of mu-opioid-receptor (MOR)-selective agonists that preferentially activate receptors to couple to G proteins or to recruit βarrestin proteins. By comparing relative bias for MOR-mediated signaling in each pathway, we demonstrate a strong correlation between the respiratory suppression/antinociception therapeutic window in a series of compounds spanning a wide range of signaling bias. We find that βarrestin-biased compounds, such as fentanyl, are more likely to induce respiratory suppression at weak analgesic doses, while G protein signaling bias broadens the therapeutic window, allowing for antinociception in the absence of respiratory suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cullen L Schmid
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Nicole M Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Nicolette C Ross
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Kimberly M Lovell
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Zhizhou Yue
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Jenny Morgenweck
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Michael D Cameron
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Thomas D Bannister
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Laura M Bohn
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
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23
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Chandgude AL, Narducci D, Kurpiewska K, Kalinowska-Tłuścik J, Dömling A. Diastereoselective One Pot Five-Component Reaction toward 4-(Tetrazole)-1,3-Oxazinanes. RSC Adv 2017; 7:49995-49998. [PMID: 29430295 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07392e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A diastereoselective one pot five-component reaction toward the synthesis of 4-(tetrazole)-1,3-oxazinanes has been reported. The sonication-accelerated, catalyst-free, simple, general and highly time efficient, Asinger-Ugi-tetrazole reaction was used for the synthesis of diverse 4-(tetrazole)-1,3-oxazinanes. The reaction exhibit excellent diastereoselectivity and broad substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay L Chandgude
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Narducci
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Kurpiewska
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics Biocrystallography Group, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Kalinowska-Tłuścik
- Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics Biocrystallography Group, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Alexander Dömling
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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24
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Bardasov IN, Alekseeva AU, Chunikhin SS, Tafeenko VA, Ershov OV. Three-component synthesis and optical properties of triarylpyridines containing a buta-1,3-diene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile fragment. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Winder M, Wasén C, Aronsson P, Giglio D. Proliferation of the human urothelium is induced by atypical β1 -adrenoceptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 35:32-40. [PMID: 26913580 DOI: 10.1111/aap.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We wanted to assess whether β-adrenoceptors mediate proliferation in the normal and malignant urothelial cell lines UROtsa and T24, respectively. Urothelial cells were cultured for 24 h in the presence of the β-adrenoceptor agonists isoprenaline (β1/2/3 ), dobutamine (β1 ), salbutamol (β2 ), BRL 37344 (β3 ), CGP 12177 (a partial β-agonist) or β-adrenoceptor antagonists (metoprolol; β1 , propranolol; β1/2 ). Phosphorylation of kinases was screened with a Human Phospho-Kinase Array Kit (R&D systems). Intracellular pathways activated by proliferation of urothelial cells were characterized by incubating cells with the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD 98,059, the p38 kinase inhibitor losmapimod or with the Akt 1/2 kinase inhibitor. Proliferation was assessed with the MTT proliferation assay (ATCC). Western blot and immunocytochemistry were used for detection of the β1 -adrenoceptor. Isoprenaline and dobutamine induced proliferation, while salbutamol and BRL 37344 did not. Dobutamine-induced proliferation was not affected by metoprolol or propranolol but was instead antagonized by CGP 12177 in T24 but not in UROtsa. In response to stimulation with dobutamine, Akt1/2/3 was phosphorylated in UROtsa, while ERK1/2 and p38 were phosphorylated in T24. MEK1/2 inhibition blocked basal and dobutamine-induced proliferation in T24 but only basal proliferation in UROtsa. Losmapimod slightly inhibited basal proliferation in T24 but not dobutamine-induced proliferation. Akt 1/2 inhibitor blocked basal and dobutamine-induced proliferation in UROtsa. Immunocytochemistry and Western blot revealed expression of β1 -adrenoceptors in both urothelial cell lines. The present data show that the urothelium expresses atypical β1-adrenoceptors that activate intracellular kinases inducing urothelial proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Winder
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 13, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Wasén
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Gothenburg, Guldhedsgatan 10 A, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - P Aronsson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 13, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Giglio
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 13, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Joshi SM, Mane RB, Pulagam KR, Gomez-Vallejo V, Llop J, Rode C. The microwave-assisted synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles via [3+2] cycloaddition over a heterogeneous Cu-based catalyst: application to the preparation of 13N-labelled tetrazoles. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00568g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The [3+2] cycloaddition between various nitriles and sodium azide proceeds smoothly in the presence of a new CuII catalyst in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to give the corresponding 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer M. Joshi
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Rasika B. Mane
- Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
| | - Krishna R. Pulagam
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | | | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group
- CIC biomaGUNE
- 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Chandrashekhar Rode
- Chemical Engineering & Process Development Division
- National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411008
- India
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Akhtar N, Jabeen I. A 2D-QSAR and Grid-Independent Molecular Descriptor (GRIND) Analysis of Quinoline-Type Inhibitors of Akt2: Exploration of the Binding Mode in the Pleckstrin Homology (PH) Domain. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168806. [PMID: 28036396 PMCID: PMC5201309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase B-β (PKBβ/Akt2) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that has emerged as one of the most important regulators of cell growth, differentiation, and division. Upregulation of Akt2 in various human carcinomas, including ovarian, breast, and pancreatic, is a well-known tumorigenesis phenomenon. Early on, the concept of the simultaneous administration of anticancer drugs with inhibitors of Akt2 was advocated to overcome cell proliferation in the chemotherapeutic treatment of cancer. However, clinical studies have not lived up to the high expectations, and several phase II and phase III clinical studies have been terminated prematurely because of severe side effects related to the non-selective isomeric inhibition of Akt2. The notion that the sequence identity of pleckstrin homology (PH) domains within Akt-isoforms is less than 30% might indicate the possibility of the development of selective antagonists against the Akt2 PH domain. Therefore, in this study, various in silico tools were utilized to explore the hypothesis that quinoline-type inhibitors bind in the Akt2 PH domain. A Grid-Independent Molecular Descriptor (GRIND) analysis indicated that two hydrogen bond acceptors, two hydrogen bond donors and one hydrophobic feature at a certain distance from each other were important for the selective inhibition of Akt2. Our docking results delineated the importance of Lys30 as an anchor point for mapping the distances of important amino acid residues in the binding pocket, including Lys14, Glu17, Arg25, Asn53, Asn54 and Arg86. The binding regions identified complement the GRIND-based pharmacophoric features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Akhtar
- Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Jabeen
- Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation (RCMS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
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28
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Cao Y, Zhao H, Zhang-Negrerie D, Du Y, Zhao K. Metal-Free Synthesis of 3-Arylquinolin-2-ones fromN,2-Diaryl- acrylamidesviaPhenyliodine(III) Bis(2,2-dimethylpropanoate)- Mediated Direct Oxidative C−C Bond Formation. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery &; High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science; Shandong Agricultural University; Taian City, Shandong Province 271018 People's Republic of China
| | - Daisy Zhang-Negrerie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery &; High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Du
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery &; High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery &; High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 People's Republic of China
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AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway is critically involved in human pluripotent stem cell survival. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35660. [PMID: 27762303 PMCID: PMC5071844 DOI: 10.1038/srep35660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are self-renewing pluripotent stem cells (PSC) that can differentiate into a wide range of specialized cells. Basic fibroblast growth factor is essential for PSC survival, stemness and self-renewal. PI3K/AKT pathway regulates cell viability and apoptosis in many cell types. Although it has been demonstrated that PI3K/AKT activation by bFGF is relevant for PSC stemness maintenance its role on PSC survival remains elusive. In this study we explored the molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of PSC survival by AKT. We found that inhibition of AKT with three non-structurally related inhibitors (GSK690693, AKT inhibitor VIII and AKT inhibitor IV) decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis. We observed a rapid increase in phosphatidylserine translocation and in the extent of DNA fragmentation after inhibitors addition. Moreover, abrogation of AKT activity led to Caspase-9, Caspase-3, and PARP cleavage. Importantly, we demonstrated by pharmacological inhibition and siRNA knockdown that GSK3β signaling is responsible, at least in part, of the apoptosis triggered by AKT inhibition. Moreover, GSK3β inhibition decreases basal apoptosis rate and promotes PSC proliferation. In conclusion, we demonstrated that AKT activation prevents apoptosis, partly through inhibition of GSK3β, and thus results relevant for PSC survival.
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Karadeniz E, Zora M, Kılıçaslan NZ. Facile synthesis of aryl-substituted pyridines via Suzuki–Miyaura approach. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Budi EH, Muthusamy BP, Derynck R. The insulin response integrates increased TGF-β signaling through Akt-induced enhancement of cell surface delivery of TGF-β receptors. Sci Signal 2015; 8:ra96. [PMID: 26420907 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaa9432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increased activity of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), which binds to and stimulates cell surface receptors, contributes to cancer progression and fibrosis by driving epithelial cells toward a migratory mesenchymal phenotype and increasing the abundance of extracellular matrix proteins. The abundance of TGF-β receptors at the cell surface determines cellular responsiveness to TGF-β, which is often produced by the same cells that have the receptors, and thus serves as an autocrine signal. We found that Akt-mediated phosphorylation of AS160, a RabGAP [guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating protein], promoted the translocation of TGF-β receptors from intracellular stores to the plasma membrane of mouse embryonic fibroblasts and NMuMG epithelial cells. Consequently, insulin, which is commonly used to treat hyperglycemia and activates Akt signaling, increased the amount of TGF-β receptors at the cell surface, thereby enhancing TGF-β responsiveness. This insulin-induced increase in autocrine TGF-β signaling contributed to insulin-induced gene expression responses, attenuated the epithelial phenotype, and promoted the migration of NMuMG cells. Furthermore, the enhanced delivery of TGF-β receptors at the cell surface enabled insulin to increase TGF-β-induced gene responses. The enhancement of TGF-β responsiveness in response to Akt activation may help to explain the biological effects of insulin, the progression of cancers in which Akt is activated, and the increased incidence of fibroses in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erine H Budi
- Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, and Anatomy, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0669, USA
| | - Baby-Periyanayaki Muthusamy
- Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, and Anatomy, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0669, USA
| | - Rik Derynck
- Departments of Cell and Tissue Biology, and Anatomy, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0669, USA.
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Skarra DV, Thackray VG. FOXO1 is regulated by insulin and IGF1 in pituitary gonadotropes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 405:14-24. [PMID: 25676570 PMCID: PMC4363278 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The FOXO1 transcription factor is important for multiple aspects of reproductive function. We previously reported that FOXO1 functions as a repressor of gonadotropin hormone synthesis, but how FOXO1 is regulated in pituitary gonadotropes is unknown. The growth factors, insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF1), function as key regulators of cell proliferation, metabolism and apoptosis in multiple cell types through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In this study, we found that insulin and IGF1 signaling in gonadotropes induced FOXO1 phosphorylation through the PI3K/AKT pathway in immortalized and primary cells, resulting in FOXO1 relocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Furthermore, insulin administration in vivo induced phosphorylation of FOXO1 and AKT in the pituitary. Thus, insulin and IGF1 act as negative regulators of FOXO1 activity and may serve to fine-tune gonadotropin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danalea V Skarra
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and the Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Varykina G Thackray
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and the Center for Reproductive Science and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Development of a new model system to dissect isoform specific Akt signalling in adipocytes. Biochem J 2015; 468:425-34. [PMID: 25856301 PMCID: PMC4604748 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Our study describes the development and validation of a new model system that allows for acute control of signalling by specific Akt isoforms. This model system revealed new insights into the role of Akt kinases in glucose transport and adipogenesis. Protein kinase B (Akt) kinases are critical signal transducers mediating insulin action. Genetic studies revealed that Akt1 and Akt2 signalling differentially contribute to sustain lipid and glucose homoeostasis; however Akt isoform-specific effectors remain elusive due to the lack of a suitable model system to mechanistically interrogate Akt isoform-specific signalling. To overcome those technical limitations we developed a novel model system that provides acute and specific control of signalling by Akt isoforms. We generated mutants of Akt1 and Akt2 resistant to the allosteric Akt inhibitor MK-2206. We then developed adipocyte cell lines, in which endogenous Akt1 or Akt2 has been replaced by their corresponding drug-resistant Akt mutant. Treatment of those cells with MK-2206 allowed for acute and specific control of either Akt1 or Akt2 function. Our data showed that Akt1W80A and Akt2W80A mutants are resistant to MK-2206, dynamically regulated by insulin and able to signal to Akt downstream effectors. Analyses of insulin action in this cellular system showed that Akt1 and Akt2 are both able to mediate insulin regulation of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and the glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), revealing a redundant role for these Akt kinases in the control of glucose transport into fat cells. In contrast, Akt1 signalling is uniquely required for adipogenesis, by controlling the mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) of pre-adipocytes that precedes white adipose cell differentiation. Our data provide new insights into the role of Akt kinases in glucose transport and adipogenesis and support our model system as a valuable tool for the biochemical characterization of signalling by specific Akt isoforms.
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Yan R, Chuang HC, Kapuriya N, Chou CC, Lai PT, Chang HW, Yang CN, Kulp SK, Chen CS. Exploitation of the ability of γ-tocopherol to facilitate membrane co-localization of Akt and PHLPP1 to develop PHLPP1-targeted Akt inhibitors. J Med Chem 2015; 58:2290-8. [PMID: 25689347 DOI: 10.1021/jm501751b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that Akt inactivation by γ-tocopherol (2) in PTEN-negative prostate cancer cells resulted from its unique ability to facilitate membrane co-localization of Akt and PHLPP1 (PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase isoform 1), a Ser473-specific Akt phosphatase, through pleckstrin homology (PH) domain binding. This finding provided a basis for exploiting 2 to develop a novel class of PHLPP1-targeted Akt inhibitors. Here, we used 3 (γ-VE5), a side chain-truncated 2 derivative, as a scaffold for lead optimization. The proof-of-concept of this structural optimization was obtained by 20, which exhibited higher antitumor efficacy than 3 in PTEN-negative cancer cells through PHLPP1-facilitated Akt inactivation. Like 3, 20 preferentially recognized the PH domains of Akt and PHLPP1, as its binding affinities for other PH domains, including those of ILK and PDK1, were an order-of-magnitude lower. Moreover, 20 was orally active in suppressing xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, which underlines the translational potential of this new class of Akt inhibitor in PTEN-deficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribai Yan
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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35
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Kaur N. Applications of Microwaves in the Synthesis of Polycyclic Six-Membered N,N-Heterocycles. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2013.828755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navjeet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
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36
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Fang Z, Simard JR, Plenker D, Nguyen HD, Phan T, Wolle P, Baumeister S, Rauh D. Discovery of inter-domain stabilizers-a novel assay system for allosteric akt inhibitors. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:279-88. [PMID: 24959717 DOI: 10.1021/cb500355c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the catalytically active kinase domain, most kinases feature regulatory domains that govern their activity. Modulating and interfering with these interdomain interactions presents a major opportunity for understanding biological systems and developing novel therapeutics. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors that target these interactions through an allosteric mode of action have high intrinsic selectivity, as these interactions are often unique to a single kinase or kinase family. Here we report the development of iFLiK (interface-Fluorescent Labels in Kinases), a fluorescence-based assay that can monitor such interdomain interactions. Using iFLiK, we have demonstrated selective detection of allosteric Akt inhibitors that induce an inactive closed conformation unique to Akt. This methodology easily distinguished small molecule allosteric inhibitors from classic ATP-competitive inhibitors. Screening an in-house compound library with iFLiK, we were able to identify novel compounds with a scaffold that has not been previously described for allosteric Akt inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhou Fang
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical
Genomics
Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jeffrey R. Simard
- Chemical
Genomics
Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Plenker
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Department
of Translational Genomics, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hoang D. Nguyen
- Chemical
Genomics
Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Trang Phan
- Chemical
Genomics
Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patrik Wolle
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stefan Baumeister
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Chemical
Genomics
Centre of the Max Planck Society, Otto-Hahn-Strasse
15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Zhu L, Derijard B, Chakrabandhu K, Wang BS, Chen HZ, Hueber AO. Synergism of PI3K/Akt inhibition and Fas activation on colon cancer cell death. Cancer Lett 2014; 354:355-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Shipe WD, Wolkenberg SE, Lindsley CW. Accelerating lead development by microwave-enhanced medicinal chemistry. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2014; 2:155-61. [PMID: 24981843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2005.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) addresses the need for accelerated chemical synthesis by providing many advantages over classical thermal conditions. Microwave instruments produced by Biotage, CEM and Milestone enable chemistry to be safely and reproducibly performed on various scales and in a parallel fashion. To illustrate the high utility of this technology for lead development, our Akt kinase program will be described wherein MAOS played a pivotal role in the identification of isozyme-selective Akt inhibitors.:
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Shipe
- Merck Research Laboratories, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Scott E Wolkenberg
- Merck Research Laboratories, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West Point, PA 19486, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Merck Research Laboratories, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, West Point, PA 19486, USA.
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West nile virus-induced activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 supports viral growth and viral protein expression. J Virol 2014; 88:9458-71. [PMID: 24920798 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01323-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Since its introduction in New York City, NY, in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has spread to all 48 contiguous states of the United States and is now the leading cause of epidemic encephalitis in North America. As a member of the family Flaviviridae, WNV is part of a group of clinically important human pathogens, including dengue virus and Japanese encephalitis virus. The members of this family of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses have limited coding capacity and are therefore obligated to co-opt a significant amount of cellular factors to translate their genomes effectively. Our previous work has shown that WNV growth was independent of macroautophagy activation, but the role of the evolutionarily conserved mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway during WNV infection was not well understood. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that acts as a central cellular censor of nutrient status and exercises control of vital anabolic and catabolic cellular responses such as protein synthesis and autophagy, respectively. We now show that WNV activates mTOR and cognate downstream activators of cap-dependent protein synthesis at early time points postinfection and that pharmacologic inhibition of mTOR (KU0063794) significantly reduced WNV growth. We used an inducible Raptor and Rictor knockout mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) system to further define the role of mTOR complexes 1 and 2 in WNV growth and viral protein synthesis. Following inducible genetic knockout of the major mTOR cofactors raptor (TOR complex 1 [TORC1]) and rictor (TORC2), we now show that TORC1 supports flavivirus protein synthesis via cap-dependent protein synthesis pathways and supports subsequent WNV growth. IMPORTANCE Since its introduction in New York City, NY, in 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has spread to all 48 contiguous states in the United States and is now the leading cause of epidemic encephalitis in North America. Currently, the mechanism by which flaviviruses such as WNV translate their genomes in host cells is incompletely understood. Elucidation of the host mechanisms required to support WNV genome translation will provide broad understanding for the basic mechanisms required to translate capped viral RNAs. We now show that WNV activates mTOR and cognate downstream activators of cap-dependent protein synthesis at early time points postinfection. Following inducible genetic knockout of the major mTOR complex cofactors raptor (TORC1) and rictor (TORC2), we now show that TORC1 supports WNV growth and protein synthesis. This study demonstrates the requirement for TORC1 function in support of WNV RNA translation and provides insight into the mechanisms underlying flaviviral RNA translation in mammalian cells.
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Zapata-Bustos R, Alonso-Castro AJ, Gómez-Sánchez M, Salazar-Olivo LA. Ibervillea sonorae (Cucurbitaceae) induces the glucose uptake in human adipocytes by activating a PI3K-independent pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 152:546-552. [PMID: 24534528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene (Cucurbitaceae), a plant used for the empirical treatment of type 2 diabetes in México, exerts antidiabetic effects on animal models but its mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the antidiabetic mechanism of an Ibervillea sonorae aqueous extract (ISE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-toxic ISE concentrations were assayed on the glucose uptake by insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant murine and human cultured adipocytes, both in the absence or the presence of insulin signaling pathway inhibitors, and on murine and human adipogenesis. Chemical composition of ISE was examined by spectrophotometric and HPLC techniques. RESULTS ISE stimulated the 2-NBDGlucose uptake by mature adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. ISE 50 µg/ml induced the 2-NBDG uptake in insulin-sensitive 3T3-F442A, 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes by 100%, 63% and 33%, compared to insulin control. Inhibitors for the insulin receptor, PI3K, AKT and GLUT4 blocked the 2-NBDG uptake in murine cells, but human adipocytes were insensitive to the PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin. ISE 50 µg/ml also stimulated the 2-NBDG uptake in insulin-resistant adipocytes by 117% (3T3-F442A), 83% (3T3-L1) and 48% (human). ISE induced 3T3-F442A adipogenesis but lacked proadipogenic effects on 3T3-L1 and human preadipocytes. Chemical analyses showed the presence of phenolics in ISE, mainly an appreciable concentration of gallic acid. CONCLUSION Ibervillea sonorae exerts its antidiabetic properties by means of hydrosoluble compounds stimulating the glucose uptake in human preadipocytes by a PI3K-independent pathway and without proadipogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Zapata-Bustos
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a secc., San Luis Potosí 76216, Mexico
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a secc., San Luis Potosí 76216, Mexico
| | | | - Luis A Salazar-Olivo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a secc., San Luis Potosí 76216, Mexico.
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Chen SF, Cao Y, Han S, Chen JZ. Insight into the structural mechanism for PKBα allosteric inhibition by molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 48:36-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Yang JL, Lin YT, Chuang PC, Bohr VA, Mattson MP. BDNF and exercise enhance neuronal DNA repair by stimulating CREB-mediated production of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1. Neuromolecular Med 2014; 16:161-174. [PMID: 24114393 PMCID: PMC3948322 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-013-8270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes the survival and growth of neurons during brain development and mediates activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and associated learning and memory in the adult. BDNF levels are reduced in brain regions affected in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases, and elevation of BDNF levels can ameliorate neuronal dysfunction and degeneration in experimental models of these diseases. Because neurons accumulate oxidative lesions in their DNA during normal activity and in neurodegenerative disorders, we determined whether and how BDNF affects the ability of neurons to cope with oxidative DNA damage. We found that BDNF protects cerebral cortical neurons against oxidative DNA damage-induced death by a mechanism involving enhanced DNA repair. BDNF stimulates DNA repair by activating cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), which, in turn, induces the expression of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), a key enzyme in the base excision DNA repair pathway. Suppression of either APE1 or TrkB by RNA interference abolishes the ability of BDNF to protect neurons against oxidized DNA damage-induced death. The ability of BDNF to activate CREB and upregulate APE1 expression is abolished by shRNA of TrkB as well as inhibitors of TrkB, PI3 kinase, and Akt kinase. Voluntary running wheel exercise significantly increases levels of BDNF, activates CREB, and upregulates APE1 in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice, suggesting a novel mechanism whereby exercise may protect neurons from oxidative DNA damage. Our findings reveal a previously unknown ability of BDNF to enhance DNA repair by inducing the expression of the DNA repair enzyme APE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenq-Lin Yang
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Center for Translation Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- Center for Translation Research in Biomedical Sciences, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chin Chuang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung, Memorial Hospital, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mark P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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43
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Stanley SA, Barczak AK, Silvis MR, Luo SS, Sogi K, Vokes M, Bray MA, Carpenter AE, Moore CB, Siddiqi N, Rubin EJ, Hung DT. Identification of host-targeted small molecules that restrict intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1003946. [PMID: 24586159 PMCID: PMC3930586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a significant threat to global health. Macrophages are the host cell for M. tuberculosis infection, and although bacteria are able to replicate intracellularly under certain conditions, it is also clear that macrophages are capable of killing M. tuberculosis if appropriately activated. The outcome of infection is determined at least in part by the host-pathogen interaction within the macrophage; however, we lack a complete understanding of which host pathways are critical for bacterial survival and replication. To add to our understanding of the molecular processes involved in intracellular infection, we performed a chemical screen using a high-content microscopic assay to identify small molecules that restrict mycobacterial growth in macrophages by targeting host functions and pathways. The identified host-targeted inhibitors restrict bacterial growth exclusively in the context of macrophage infection and predominantly fall into five categories: G-protein coupled receptor modulators, ion channel inhibitors, membrane transport proteins, anti-inflammatories, and kinase modulators. We found that fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, enhances secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and induces autophagy in infected macrophages, and gefitinib, an inhibitor of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), also activates autophagy and restricts growth. We demonstrate that during infection signaling through EGFR activates a p38 MAPK signaling pathway that prevents macrophages from effectively responding to infection. Inhibition of this pathway using gefitinib during in vivo infection reduces growth of M. tuberculosis in the lungs of infected mice. Our results support the concept that screening for inhibitors using intracellular models results in the identification of tool compounds for probing pathways during in vivo infection and may also result in the identification of new anti-tuberculosis agents that work by modulating host pathways. Given the existing experience with some of our identified compounds for other therapeutic indications, further clinically-directed study of these compounds is merited. Infection with the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes the disease tuberculosis (TB) that imposes significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Approximately 2 billion people are infected with M. tuberculosis, and almost 1.5 million people die annually from TB. With increasing drug resistance and few novel drug candidates, our inability to effectively treat all infected individuals necessitates a deeper understanding of the host-pathogen interface to facilitate new approaches to treatment. In addition, the current anti-tuberculosis regimen requires months of strict compliance to clear infection; targeting host immune function could play a strategic role in reducing the duration and complexity of treatment while effectively treating drug-resistant strains. Here we use a microscopy-based screen to identify molecules that target host pathways and inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis in macrophages. We identified several host pathways not previously implicated in tuberculosis. The identified inhibitors prevent growth either by blocking host pathways exploited by M. tuberculosis for virulence, or by activating immune responses that target intracellular bacteria. Fluoxetine, used clinically for treating depression, induces autophagy and enhances production of TNF-α. Similarly, gefitinib, used clinically for treating cancer, inhibits M. tuberculosis growth in macrophages. Importantly, gefitinib treatment reduces bacterial replication in the lungs of M. tuberculosis-infected mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Stanley
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America ; Division of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Amy K Barczak
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America ; Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ; Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Melanie R Silvis
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Samantha S Luo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Sogi
- Division of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Martha Vokes
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark-Anthony Bray
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anne E Carpenter
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher B Moore
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Noman Siddiqi
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eric J Rubin
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Deborah T Hung
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America ; Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America ; Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Ziegler S, Gartner K, Scheuermann U, Zoeller T, Hantzschmann J, Over B, Foermer S, Heeg K, Bekeredjian-Ding I. Ca(2+) -related signaling events influence TLR9-induced IL-10 secretion in human B cells. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:1285-98. [PMID: 24470136 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Suppressory B-cell function controls immune responses and is mainly dependent on IL-10 secretion. Pharmacological manipulation of B-cell-specific IL-10 synthesis could, thus, be therapeutically useful in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, transplantation, autoimmunity and sepsis. TLR are thought to play a protagonistic role in the formation of IL-10-secreting B cells. The aim of the study was to identify the molecular events selectively driving IL-10 production in TLR9-stimulated human B cells. Our data highlight the selectivity of calcineurin inhibitors in blocking TLR9-induced B-cell-derived IL-10 transcription and secretion, while IL-6 transcription and release, B-cell proliferation, and differentiation remain unaffected. Nevertheless, TLR9-induced IL-10 production was found to be independent of calcineurin phosphatase activity and was even negatively regulated by NFAT. In contrast to TLR9-induced IL-6, IL-10 secretion was highly sensitive to targeting of spleen tyrosine kinase (syk) and Bruton's tyrosine kinase. Further analyses demonstrated increased phosphorylation of Ca(2+) /calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) in TLR9-stimulated B cells and selective reduction of TLR9-induced secretion of IL-10 upon treatment with CaMKII inhibitors, with negligible impact on IL-6 levels. Altogether, our results identify calcineurin antagonists as selective inhibitors of IL-10 transcription and syk/Bruton´s tyrosine kinase-induced Ca(2+) /calmodulin- and CaMKII-dependent signaling as a pathway regulating the release of TLR9-induced B-cell-derived IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Ziegler
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Dobashi Y, Sato E, Oda Y, Inazawa J, Ooi A. Significance of Akt activation and AKT gene increases in soft tissue tumors. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:127-36. [PMID: 24321521 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2013.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the aberrations of AKT genes, their protein products and clinicopathologic significance in bone and soft tissue tumors, expression profiles of total Akt, its isoforms and activated Akt, and increases in copy number of AKT1/AKT2 genes were examined. Immunohistochemical analysis in 77 cases revealed overexpression of total Akt, Akt1, Akt2, and phosphorylated Akt in 84.4%, 67.5%, 72.7%, and 71.4%, respectively. Positive results were also observed in benign lesions but at a lower frequency. Overexpression of Akt1 was more frequent than that of Akt2 in well-differentiated liposarcoma (6/7 versus 3/7 cases) and schwannoma (4/4 versus 1/4 cases), whereas Akt2 overexpression and Akt activation were more frequent than Akt1 overexpression in malignant nerve sheath (3/4 and 4/4, respectively, versus 2/4 cases) and muscular tumors (8/9 and 8/9 versus 4/9 cases). By fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, increase of gene copy number was observed in 13.3% for AKT1 and in 25.0% for AKT2 due to polysomy of chromosome 14 or 19, respectively, but not gene amplification. One case of schwannoma exhibited polysomy of both chromosomes 14 and 19. Akt activation was correlated with total Akt cytoplasmic localization (P = .0031) and subsequent metastasis (P = .0454). Moreover, AKT2 gene increase correlated with tumor size (P = .0352) and metastasis (P = .0344). In conclusion, in a defined subset of bone and soft tissue tumors, including benign tumors, Akt was frequently overexpressed and activated, and AKT1/2 copy number was increased. Because abnormality of Akt/AKT correlated with clinicopathologic profiles, novel therapies targeting isoform-specific Akts may be useful for these particular types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoh Dobashi
- Department of Pathology, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
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46
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Tomita N, Hayashi Y, Suzuki S, Oomori Y, Aramaki Y, Matsushita Y, Iwatani M, Iwata H, Okabe A, Awazu Y, Isono O, Skene RJ, Hosfield DJ, Miki H, Kawamoto T, Hori A, Baba A. Structure-based discovery of cellular-active allosteric inhibitors of FAK. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1779-85. [PMID: 23414845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop potent and selective focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitors, synthetic studies on pyrazolo[4,3-c][2,1]benzothiazines targeted for the FAK allosteric site were carried out. Based on the X-ray structural analysis of the co-crystal of the lead compound, 8-(4-ethylphenyl)-5-methyl-1,5-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-c][2,1]benzothiazine 4,4-dioxide 1 with FAK, we designed and prepared 1,5-dimethyl-1,5-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-c][2,1]benzothiazin derivatives which selectively inhibited kinase activity of FAK without affecting seven other kinases. The optimized compound, N-(4-tert-butylbenzyl)-1,5-dimethyl-1,5-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-c][2,1]benzothiazin-8-amine 4,4-dioxide 30 possessed significant FAK kinase inhibitory activities both in cell-free (IC50=0.64μM) and in cellular assays (IC50=7.1μM). These results clearly demonstrated a potential of FAK allosteric inhibitors as antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Tomita
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, 26-1 Muraoka-Higashi 2-Chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
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Alizadeh A, Mokhtari J. Unexpected Approach to the Synthesis of 2-Phenylquinoxalines and Pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazinesviaa Regioselective Reaction. Helv Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Tau protein kinases: involvement in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2013; 12:289-309. [PMID: 22742992 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tau phosphorylation is regulated by a balance between tau kinase and phosphatase activities. Disruption of this equilibrium was suggested to be at the origin of abnormal tau phosphorylation and thereby might contribute to tau aggregation. Thus, understanding the regulation modes of tau phosphorylation is of high interest in determining the possible causes at the origin of the formation of tau aggregates in order to elaborate protection strategies to cope with these lesions in Alzheimer's disease. Among the possible and specific interventions that reverse tau phosphorylation is the inhibition of certain tau kinases. Here, we extensively reviewed tau protein kinases, their physiological roles and regulation, their involvement in tau phosphorylation and their relevance to AD. We also reviewed the most common inhibitory compounds acting on each tau kinase.
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49
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Fei J, Zhou L, Liu T, Tang XY. Pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular docking studies for discovery of novel Akt2 inhibitors. Int J Med Sci 2013; 10:265-75. [PMID: 23372433 PMCID: PMC3558715 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.5344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt2 is considered as a potential target for cancer therapy. In order to find novel Akt2 inhibitors which have different scaffolds, structure-based pharmacophore model and 3D-QSAR pharmacophore model were built and validated by different methods. Then, they were used for chemical databases virtual screening. The selected compounds were further analyzed and refined using drug-like filters and ADMET analysis. Finally, seven hits with different scaffolds were picked out for docking studies. These seven hits were predicted to have high inhibitory activity and good ADMET properties, they may act as novel leads for Akt2 inhibitors designing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fei
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610065, China
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50
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Zapata-Bustos R, Gómez-Espinoza G, Salazar-Olivo LA. Isoorientin reverts TNF-α-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes activating the insulin signaling pathway. Endocrinology 2012; 153:5222-30. [PMID: 22948221 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoorientin (ISO) is a plant C-glycosylflavonoid with purported antidiabetic effects but unexplored mechanisms of action. To gain insight into its antidiabetic mechanisms, we assayed nontoxic ISO concentrations on the 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake by murine 3T3-F442A and human sc adipocytes. In insulin-sensitive adipocytes, ISO stimulated the 2-NBDG uptake by 210% (murine) and 67% (human), compared with insulin treatment. Notably, ISO also induced 2-NBDG uptake in murine (139%) and human (60%) adipocytes made resistant to insulin by treatment with TNF-α, compared with the incorporation induced in these cells by rosiglitazone. ISO induction of glucose uptake in adipocytes was abolished by inhibitors of the insulin signaling pathway. These inhibitors also blocked the proper phosphorylation of insulin signaling pathway components induced by ISO in both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adipocytes. Additionally, ISO stimulated the transcription of genes encoding components of insulin signaling pathway in murine insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adipocytes. In summary, we show here that ISO exerts its antidiabetic effects by activating the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes, reverts the insulin resistance caused in these cells by TNF-α by stimulating the proper phosphorylation of proteins in this signaling pathway, and induces the expression of genes encoding these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México
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