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Gach-Janczak K, Biernat M, Kuczer M, Adamska-Bartłomiejczyk A, Kluczyk A. Analgesic Peptides: From Natural Diversity to Rational Design. Molecules 2024; 29:1544. [PMID: 38611824 PMCID: PMC11013236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain affects one-third of the global population and is a significant public health issue. The use of opioid drugs, which are the strongest painkillers, is associated with several side effects, such as tolerance, addiction, overdose, and even death. An increasing demand for novel, safer analgesic agents is a driving force for exploring natural sources of bioactive peptides with antinociceptive activity. Since the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a crucial role in pain modulation, the discovery of new peptide ligands for GPCRs is a significant challenge for novel drug development. The aim of this review is to present peptides of human and animal origin with antinociceptive potential and to show the possibilities of their modification, as well as the design of novel structures. The study presents the current knowledge on structure-activity relationship in the design of peptide-based biomimetic compounds, the modification strategies directed at increasing the antinociceptive activity, and improvement of metabolic stability and pharmacodynamic profile. The procedures employed in prolonged drug delivery of emerging compounds are also discussed. The work summarizes the conditions leading to the development of potential morphine replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gach-Janczak
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (K.G.-J.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - Monika Biernat
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Mariola Kuczer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Anna Adamska-Bartłomiejczyk
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (K.G.-J.); (A.A.-B.)
| | - Alicja Kluczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
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2
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Stefanucci A, Minosi P, Pieretti S, Tanguturi P, Molnar G, Scioli G, Marinaccio L, Della Valle A, Streicher JM, Mollica A. Design of Analgesic Trivalent Peptides with Low Withdrawal Symptoms: Probing the Antinociceptive Profile of Novel Linear and Cyclic Peptides as Opioid Pan Ligands. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:506-515. [PMID: 36651179 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of efficacious and safe analgesics with reduced side effects is the foremost challenge in the pain field. In this work, we report the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of linear and cyclic analogues of biphalin with the aim to complete the series of structural modifications previously applied in the development of opioid peptides incorporating a xylene bridge. Replacement of Tyr1,1' by Dmt (2,5-dimethyltyrosine) in the linear biphalin analogue AM94 and cyclic analogue MACE4 resulted in two new compounds (namely, MJ2 and MJ5) endowed with improved KOR/MOR/DOR binding affinity. Both compounds showed a strong antinociceptive profile in in vivo models of nociception, allodynia, and hyperalgesia via the tail flick, hot plate, and formalin tests after intracerebroventricular and subcutaneous administration. One of these ligands, MJ2, was also tested in tolerance and dependence studies, exhibiting very little withdrawal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Stefanucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universitá; di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Minosi
- Centro Nazionale Ricerca e Valutazione Preclinica e Clinica dei Farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- Centro Nazionale Ricerca e Valutazione Preclinica e Clinica dei Farmaci, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Molnar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85012, United States
| | - Giuseppe Scioli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universitá; di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenza Marinaccio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universitá; di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alice Della Valle
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universitá; di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - John M Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85012, United States.,Comprehensive Pain and Addiction Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85012, United States
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universitá; di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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3
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Lee YS. Peptidomimetics and Their Applications for Opioid Peptide Drug Discovery. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091241. [PMID: 36139079 PMCID: PMC9496382 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite various advantages, opioid peptides have been limited in their therapeutic uses due to the main drawbacks in metabolic stability, blood-brain barrier permeability, and bioavailability. Therefore, extensive studies have focused on overcoming the problems and optimizing the therapeutic potential. Currently, numerous peptide-based drugs are being marketed thanks to new synthetic strategies for optimizing metabolism and alternative routes of administration. This tutorial review briefly introduces the history and role of natural opioid peptides and highlights the key findings on their structure-activity relationships for the opioid receptors. It discusses details on opioid peptidomimetics applied to develop therapeutic candidates for the treatment of pain from the pharmacological and structural points of view. The main focus is the current status of various mimetic tools and the successful applications summarized in tables and figures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Sun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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4
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Redkiewicz P, Dyniewicz J, Misicka A. Biphalin-A Potent Opioid Agonist-As a Panacea for Opioid System-Dependent Pathophysiological Diseases? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11347. [PMID: 34768778 PMCID: PMC8582929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biphalin, one of the opioid agonists, is a dimeric analog of enkephalin with a high affinity for opioid receptors. Opioid receptors are widespread in the central nervous system and in peripheral neuronal and non-neuronal tissues. Hence, these receptors and their agonists, which play an important role in pain blocking, may also be involved in the regulation of other physiological functions. Biphalin was designed and synthesized in 1982 by Lipkowski as an analgesic peptide. Extensive further research in various laboratories on the antinociceptive effects of biphalin has shown its excellent properties. It has been demonstrated that biphalin exhibits an analgesic effect in acute, neuropathic, and chronic animal pain models, and is 1000 times more potent than morphine when administered intrathecally. In the course of the broad conducted research devoted primarily to the antinociceptive effect of this compound, it has been found that biphalin may also potentially participate in the regulation of other opioid system-dependent functions. Nearly 40 years of research on the properties of biphalin have shown that it may play a beneficial role as an antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent, and may also affect many physiological functions. This integral review analyzes the literature on the multidirectional biological effects of biphalin and its potential in the treatment of many opioid system-dependent pathophysiological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Redkiewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02093 Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Dyniewicz J, Lipiński PFJ, Kosson P, Bochyńska-Czyż M, Matalińska J, Misicka A. Antinociceptive and Cytotoxic Activity of Opioid Peptides with Hydrazone and Hydrazide Moieties at the C-Terminus. Molecules 2020; 25:E3429. [PMID: 32731576 PMCID: PMC7435865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present contribution, we analyze the influence that C-terminal extension of short opioid peptide sequences by organic fragments has on receptor affinity, in vivo analgesic activity, and antimelanoma properties. The considered fragments were based on either N-acylhydrazone (NAH) or N'-acylhydrazide motifs combined with the 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl moiety. Eleven novel compounds were synthesized and subject to biological evaluation. The analyzed compounds exhibit a diversified range of affinities for the µ opioid receptor (MOR), rather low δ opioid receptor (DOR) affinities, and no appreciable neurokinin-1 receptor binding. In three out of four pairs, N-acylhydrazone-based derivatives bind MOR better than their N'-acylhydrazide counterparts. The best of the novel derivatives have similar low nanomolar MOR binding affinity as the reference opioids, such as morphine and biphalin. The obtained order of MOR affinities was compared to the results of molecular docking. In vivo, four tested compounds turned out to be relatively strong analgesics. Finally, the NAH-based analogues reduce the number of melanoma cells in cell culture, while their N'-acylhydrazide counterparts do not. The antimelanoma properties are roughly correlated to the lipophilicity of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Dyniewicz
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Piotr F. J. Lipiński
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marta Bochyńska-Czyż
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Joanna Matalińska
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
| | - Aleksandra Misicka
- Department of Neuropeptides, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.B.-C.); (J.M.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Stefanucci A, Dimmito MP, Molnar G, Streicher JM, Novellino E, Zengin G, Mollica A. Developing Cyclic Opioid Analogues: Fluorescently Labeled Bioconjugates of Biphalin. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:720-726. [PMID: 32435376 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of bioconjugates is of pivotal importance in medicinal chemistry due to their potential applications as therapeutic agents to improve the targeting of specific diseases, decrease toxicity, or control drug release. In this work we achieved the synthesis and characterization of three novel opioid peptides fluorescently labeled, analogues of cyclic biphalin derivatives, namely 1D, 1C, and 2C. Among them, compound 1D, containing a dansyl-maleimide motif, exhibited an excellent binding affinity and functional potency for the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). 1D also demonstrated a strong fluorescence emission spectrum ranging from 300 to 700 nm. These features could be highly desirable for medical and biological applications needed for targeting the DOR, including in vivo imaging, and as a lead for the design of fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Stefanucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marilisa Pia Dimmito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gabriela Molnar
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - John M. Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42250 Konya, Turkey
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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7
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Kropotova ES, Ivleva IS, Karpenko MN, Mosevitsky MI. Design of enkephalin modifications protected from brain extracellular peptidases providing long-term analgesia. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 28:115184. [PMID: 31740204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The main obstacle to the use of many therapeutic peptides in practice is their rapid destruction by extracellular peptidases. Earlier we have found that active in the extracellular medium of mammalian brain exopeptidases are unable to break the bonds formed by β-alanine. We have designed several modified forms of opioid peptide enkephalin (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met; Enk) with end βAla: ModEnk1 (βAla-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-βAla), ModEnk2 (βAla-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-NH2), ModEnk3 (βAla-Tyr-Gly-Phe-NH2). These modifications are much more stable than Enk in the suspension of isolated axonal endings (synaptosomes) that mimics the brain extracellular medium. ModEnk1-3 have been tested in standard "pain" experiment "tail flick" on rats using intranasal peptide administration. ModEnk1 and ModEnk2 (but not ModEnk3) have fully preserved pain-relieving properties of Enk, but their efficiency was maintained for much longer. Compared to ModEnk1, ModEnk2 is more stable and provides longer analgesia because it is less accessible for endopeptidases. They are potent non-toxic analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Kropotova
- Division of Molecular and Radiation Biophysics, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P.Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina 188300, Russia; Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Irina S Ivleva
- Pavlov's Department of Physiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Marina N Karpenko
- Pavlov's Department of Physiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Mark I Mosevitsky
- Division of Molecular and Radiation Biophysics, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P.Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Gatchina 188300, Russia; Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
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8
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Stefanucci A, Lei W, Pieretti S, Dimmito MP, Luisi G, Novellino E, Nowakowski M, Koźmiński W, Mirzaie S, Zengin G, Streicher JM, Mollica A. Novel Cyclic Biphalin Analogues by Ruthenium-Catalyzed Ring Closing Metathesis: in Vivo and in Vitro Biological Profile. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:450-456. [PMID: 30996778 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we report the application of the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) to the preparation of two cyclic olefin-bridged analogues of biphalin (Tyr-d-Ala-Gly-Phe-NH-NH ← Phe ← Gly ← d-Ala ← Tyr), using the second generation Grubbs' catalyst. The resulting cis- and trans-cyclic isomers were identified, fully characterized, and tested in vitro at μ (ΜΟR), δ (DOR), and κ (KOR) opioid receptors and in vivo for antinociceptive activity. Both were shown to be full agonists at MOR and potential partial antagonists at DOR, with low potency KOR agonism. They also share a strong antinociceptive effect after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intravenous (i.v.) administration, higher than that of the cyclic biphalin analogues containing a disulfide bridge between the side chains of two d-Cys or d-Pen residues, previously described by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Stefanucci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Centro Nazionale Ricerca e Valutazione Preclinica e Clinica dei Farmaci, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marilisa Pia Dimmito
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Grazia Luisi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michał Nowakowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiktor Koźmiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sako Mirzaie
- Department of Biochemistry, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - John M. Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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9
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Willemse T, Eiselt E, Hollanders K, Schepens W, van Vlijmen HWT, Chung NN, Blais V, Holleran B, Longpré JM, Schiller PW, Maes BUW, Sarret P, Gendron L, Ballet S. Chemical space screening around Phe 3 in opioid peptides: Modulating µ versus δ agonism by Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2320-2323. [PMID: 29853330 PMCID: PMC6005765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, affinities and activities of derivatized analogues of Dmt-dermorphin[1-4] (i.e. Dmt-d-Ala-Phe-GlyNH2, Dmt = 2',6'-dimethyl-(S)-tyrosine) for the µ opioid receptor (MOP) and δ opioid receptor (DOP) were evaluated using radioligand binding studies, functional cell-based assays and isolated organ bath experiments. By means of solid-phase or solution-phase Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings, various substituted regioisomers of the phenylalanine moiety in position 3 of the sequence were prepared. An 18-membered library of opioid tetrapeptides was generated via screening of the chemical space around the Phe3 side chain. These substitutions modulated bioactivity, receptor subtype selectivity and highly effective ligands with subnanomolar binding affinities, contributed to higher functional activities and potent analgesic actions. In search of selective peptidic ligands, we show here that the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction is a versatile and robust tool which could also be deployed elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Willemse
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Organic Synthesis Division, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emilie Eiselt
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12(e)Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Karlijn Hollanders
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Organic Synthesis Division, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wim Schepens
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Herman W T van Vlijmen
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Nga N Chung
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Véronique Blais
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12(e)Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Brain Holleran
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12(e)Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Longpré
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12(e)Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Montreal Clinical Research Institute, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12(e)Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Louis Gendron
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12(e)Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada.
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Departments of Bioengineering Sciences and Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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10
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Remesic M, Macedonio G, Mollica A, Porreca F, Hruby V, Lee YS. Cyclic biphalin analogues with a novel linker lead to potent agonist activities at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3664-3667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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11
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Gach-Janczak K, Piekielna-Ciesielska J, Adamska-Bartłomiejczyk A, Wtorek K, Ferrari F, Calo' G, Szymaszkiewicz A, Piasecka-Zelga J, Janecka A. In vitro and in vivo activity of cyclopeptide Dmt-c[d-Lys-Phe-Asp]NH 2, a mu opioid receptor agonist biased toward β-arrestin. Peptides 2018; 105:51-57. [PMID: 29684591 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Morphine and related drugs, which are the most effective analgesics for the relief of severe pain, act through activating opioid receptors. The endogenous ligands of these receptors are opioid peptides which cannot be used as antinociceptive agents due to their low bioactivity and stability in biological fluids. The major goal of opioid research is to understand the mechanism of action of opioid receptor agonists in order to improve therapeutic utility of opioids. Analgesic effects of morphine are mediated mostly through activation of the mu opioid receptor. However, in the search for safer and more effective drug candidates, analogs with mixed opioid receptor profile gained a lot of interest. Recently, the concept of biased agonists able to differentially activate GPCR downstream pathways, became a new approach in the design of novel drug candidates. It is hypothesized that compounds promoting G-protein signaling may produce analgesia while β-arrestin recruitment may be responsible for opioid side effects. In this report we showed that replacement of the tyrosine residue in the mu-selective ligand Tyr-c[d-Lys-Phe-Asp]NH2 with 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine (Dmt) produced a cyclopeptide Dmt-c[d-Lys-Phe-Asp]NH2 with mu/delta opioid receptor agonist profile. This analog showed improved antinociception in the hot-plate test, probably due to the simultaneous activation of mu and delta receptors but also significantly inhibited the gastrointestinal transit. Using the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assay it was shown that this analog was a mu receptor agonist biased toward β-arrestin. β-Arrestin-dependent signaling is most likely responsible for the observed inhibition of gastrointestinal motility exerted by the novel cyclopeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Karol Wtorek
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University, Lodz, Poland
| | - Federica Ferrari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Italian Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Girolamo Calo'
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Italian Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Agata Szymaszkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Piasecka-Zelga
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Research Laboratory for Medicine and Veterinary Products in the GMP Head of Research Laboratory for Medicine and Veterinary Products, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University, Lodz, Poland.
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12
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Stefanucci A, Carotenuto A, Macedonio G, Novellino E, Pieretti S, Marzoli F, Szűcs E, Erdei AI, Zádor F, Benyhe S, Mollica A. Cyclic Biphalin Analogues Incorporating a Xylene Bridge: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Profile. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:858-863. [PMID: 28835802 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we enhanced the ring lipophilicity of biphalin introducing a xylene moiety, thus obtaining three cyclic regioisomers. Novel compounds have similar in vitro activity as the parent compound, but one of these (6a) shows a remarkable increase of in vivo antinociceptive effect. Nociception tests have disclosed its significant high potency and the more prolonged effect in eliciting analgesia, higher than that of biphalin and of the disulfide-bridge-containing analogue (7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Stefanucci
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Macedonio
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Centro Nazionale per la Ricerca e la Valutazione Preclinica dei Farmaci, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Marzoli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Centro Nazionale per la Ricerca e la Valutazione Preclinica dei Farmaci, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Edina Szűcs
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna I. Erdei
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Zádor
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Benyhe
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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13
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Fluorescent-labeled bioconjugates of the opioid peptides biphalin and DPDPE incorporating fluorescein–maleimide linkers. Future Med Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The conjugation of fluorescent labels to opioid peptides is an extremely challenging task, which needs to be overcome to create new classes of probes for biological assays. Materials & methods: Three opioid peptide analogs of biphalin and [D-Pen2,5]-Enkephalin (DPDPE) containing a fluorescein–maleimide motif were synthesized. Results & discussion: The biphalin analog 17 binds to opioid receptors with Ki μ = 530 ± 90 nM and Ki δ = 69.8 ± 16.4 nM. We then tested the ability of the compounds to stimulate G-protein-coupling, 17 activated μ-receptor expressing cells (EC50 = 16.7 ± 6.7 nM, EMax = 76 ± 4%) as well as δ-receptor expressing cells (EC50 = 42 ± 10 nM, EMax = 34 ± 8%). However, 17 was not able to fluorescently label receptor in live or fixed cells. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the biphalin scaffold could be employed to develop fluorescent ligands with the appropriate fluorescent motif, and suggest a means for further probe development.
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Monodrug therapy has been used with success to fight various pathologies. When one medicine fails, co-administration of two or more drugs at the same time may be successfully applied in the treatment of infections, hypertension, HIV and in many other fields. DISCUSSION This approach has some weakness related to the pharmacokinetic of the two different substances administered, side effects, possible drug-drug interaction. Bivalent ligand approach would maintain the strength of the multidrug therapy (synergistic effect, lower doses, and little side effects) and overcome the weakness of a co-administration. CONCLUSION In this review we have described the state-of-the-art of the multitarget approach for the control of pain. Several approaches adopted by different research groups and future perspectives have been discussed.
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15
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Frączak O, Lasota A, Kosson P, Leśniak A, Muchowska A, Lipkowski AW, Olma A. Biphalin analogs containing β(3)-homo-amino acids at the 4,4' positions: Synthesis and opioid activity profiles. Peptides 2015; 66:13-8. [PMID: 25708417 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Biphalin, a synthetic opioid octapeptide with a palindromic sequence has high analgesic activity. Biphalin displays a strong affinity for μ and δ-opioid receptors, and a significant to κ-receptor. The paper reports the synthesis of novel analogs of biphalin containing β(3)-homo-amino acid residues at the 4,4' positions and a hydrazine or 1,2-phenylenediamine linker. The potency and selectivity of the peptides were evaluated by a competitive receptor-binding assay in rat brain homogenate using [(3)H]DAMGO (a μ ligand) and [(3)H]DELT (a δ ligand). Analogs with β(3)-h-p-NO2Phe in positions 4 and 4' are the most active compounds. Selectivity depends on the degree of freedom between the two pharmacophore moieties. Analogs with a hydrazine linker show noticeable binding selectivity to μ receptors (IC50(μ)=0.72nM; IC50(δ)=4.66nM), while the peptides with a 1,2-phenylenediamine linker show slight δ selectivity (IC50(μ)=10.97nM; IC50(δ)=1.99nM). Tyr-d-Ala-Gly-β(3)-h-p-NO2PheNHNH-β(3)-h-p-NO2Phe (1) and (Tyr-d-Ala-Gly-β(3)-h-p-NO2PheNH)2 (2) produced greater antinociceptive effect compared to morphine after i.t. administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Frączak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anika Lasota
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kosson
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Leśniak
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adriana Muchowska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej W Lipkowski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Olma
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
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16
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Rational Approach to the Design of Bioactive Peptidomimetics: Recent Developments in Opioid Agonist Peptides. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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17
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Mollica A, Carotenuto A, Novellino E, Limatola A, Costante R, Pinnen F, Stefanucci A, Pieretti S, Borsodi A, Samavati R, Zador F, Benyhe S, Davis P, Porreca F, Hruby VJ. Novel cyclic biphalin analogue with improved antinociceptive properties. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1032-6. [PMID: 25221662 DOI: 10.1021/ml500241n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel opioid analogues have been designed by substituting the native d-Ala residues in position 2,2' of biphalin with two residues of d-penicillamine or l-penicillamine and by forming a disulfide bond between the thiol groups. The so-obtained compound 9 containing d-penicillamines showed excellent μ/δ mixed receptor affinities (K i (δ) = 5.2 nM; K i (μ) = 1.9 nM), together with an efficacious capacity to trigger the second messenger and a very good in vivo antinociceptive activity, whereas product 10 was scarcely active. An explanation of the two different pharmacological behaviors of products 9 and 10 was found by studying their conformational properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Limatola
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Costante
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Pinnen
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Azzurra Stefanucci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le A. Moro,
5, 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- Department
of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Borsodi
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Reza Samavati
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Zador
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sándor Benyhe
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
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18
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Costante R, Pinnen F, Stefanucci A, Mollica A. Potent Biphalin Analogs with µ/δ Mixed Opioid Activity:In VivoandIn VitroBiological Evaluation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2014; 347:305-12. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Costante
- Dipartimento di Farmacia; Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d'Annunzio”; Chieti Italy
| | - Francesco Pinnen
- Dipartimento di Farmacia; Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d'Annunzio”; Chieti Italy
| | | | - Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Farmacia; Università di Chieti-Pescara “G. d'Annunzio”; Chieti Italy
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19
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Mollica A, Pinnen F, Costante R, Locatelli M, Stefanucci A, Pieretti S, Davis P, Lai J, Rankin D, Porreca F, Hruby VJ. Biological active analogues of the opioid peptide biphalin: mixed α/β(3)-peptides. J Med Chem 2013; 56:3419-23. [PMID: 23547584 DOI: 10.1021/jm301456c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Natural residues of the dimeric opioid peptide Biphalin were replaced by the corresponding homo-β(3) amino acids. The derivative 1 containing hβ(3) Phe in place of Phe showed good μ- and δ-receptor affinities (Ki(δ) = 0.72 nM; Ki(μ) = 1.1 nM) and antinociceptive activity in vivo together with an increased enzymatic stability in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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20
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Nefzi A. Hantzsch based macrocyclization approach for the synthesis of thiazole containing cyclopeptides. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1081:1-11. [PMID: 24014430 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-652-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An innovative macrocyclization approach via high-yielding solid-phase intramolecular thioalkylation reaction is described. The reaction of S-nucleophiles with newly generated N-terminal 4-chloromethyl thiazoles leads to the desired cyclic products in high purities and good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Nefzi
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
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21
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Mollica A, Costante R, Stefanucci A, Pinnen F, Lucente G, Fidanza S, Pieretti S. Antinociceptive profile of potent opioid peptide AM94, a fluorinated analogue of biphalin with non-hydrazine linker. J Pept Sci 2012; 19:233-9. [PMID: 23136069 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AM94 is a fluorinated analog of biphalin with non-hydrazine linker that has an in vitro affinity for μ-opioid and δ-opioid receptors tenfold higher than biphalin. Furthermore, in vivo evaluation in rats showed that AM94 has in hot plate test - after both intracerebroventricular and intravenous administrations - a greater and more durable efficacy than biphalin. Here, the antinociceptive profile of AM94 is further evaluated by following two different administration routes, intrathecal and subcutaneous, and two different animal species, rats and mice. The analgesic potency of AM94 is compared with that of both the parent peptide biphalin and morphine. Results show that in rats (tail flick test) and in mice (formalin test), AM94 has a higher and more durable analgesic effect than biphalin after intrathecal and subcutaneous administrations. Conformational properties of biphalin and AM94 were also investigated by variable-temperature (1)H NMR and energy minimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy.
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22
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Mollica A, Locatelli M, Stefanucci A, Pinnen F. Synthesis and bioactivity of secondary metabolites from marine sponges containing dibrominated indolic systems. Molecules 2012; 17:6083-99. [PMID: 22614862 PMCID: PMC6268355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17056083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges. (e.g., Hyrtios sp., Dragmacidin sp., Aglophenia pleuma, Aplidium cyaneum, Aplidium meridianum.) produce bioactive secondary metabolites involved in their defence mechanisms. Recently it was demonstrated that several of those compounds show a large variety of biological activities against different human diseases with possible applications in medicinal chemistry and in pharmaceutical fields, especially related to the new drug development process. Researchers have focused their attention principally on secondary metabolites with anti-cancer and cytotoxic activities. A common target for these molecules is the cytoskeleton, which has a central role in cellular proliferation, motility, and profusion involved in the metastatic process associate with tumors. In particular, many substances containing brominated indolic rings such as 5,6-dibromotryptamine, 5,6-dibromo-N-methyltryptamine, 5,6-dibromo-N-methyltryptophan (dibromoabrine), 5,6-dibromo-N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 5,6-dibromo-L-hypaphorine isolated from different marine sources, have shown anti-cancer activity, as well as antibiotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Considering the structural correlation between endogenous monoamine serotonin with marine indolic alkaloids 5,6-dibromoabrine and 5,6-dibromotryptamine, a potential use of some dibrominated indolic metabolites in the treatment of depression-related pathologies has also been hypothesized. Due to the potential applications in the treatment of various diseases and the increasing demand of these compounds for biological assays and the difficult of their isolation from marine sources, we report in this review a series of recent syntheses of marine dibrominated indole-containing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Mollica
- Via dei Vestini 31, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University G. d' Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy.
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23
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Pharmacological evaluation of benzimidazole derivatives with potential antiviral and antitumor activity. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Mollica A, Pinnen F, Stefanucci A, Feliciani F, Campestre C, Mannina L, Sobolev AP, Lucente G, Davis P, Lai J, Ma SW, Porreca F, Hruby VJ. The cis-4-amino-L-proline residue as a scaffold for the synthesis of cyclic and linear endomorphin-2 analogues. J Med Chem 2012; 55:3027-35. [PMID: 22394120 DOI: 10.1021/jm201402v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Endomorphin-2 (EM-2: Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH(2)) is an endogenous tetrapeptide that combines potency and efficacy with high affinity and selectivity toward the μ opioid receptor, the most responsible for analgesic effects in the central nervous system. The presence of the Pro(2) represents a crucial factor for the ligand structural and conformational properties. Proline is in fact an efficient stereochemical spacer, capable of inducing favorable spatial orientation of aromatic rings, a key factor for ligand recognition and interaction with receptors. Here the Pro(2) has been replaced by 4(S)-NH(2)-2(S)-proline (cAmp), a proline/GABA cis-chimera residue. This bivalent amino acid maintains the capacity to influenc the tetrapeptide conformation and offers the opportunity to generate new linear models and unusually constrained cyclic analogues characterized by an N-terminal Tyr bearing a free α-amino group. The results indicate that the new analogues do not show affinity for both δ and κ opioid receptors and bind only poorly to the μ receptors (for cyclopeptide 9: K(i)(μ) = 660 nM; GPI (IC(50)) = 1.4% at 1 μM; for linear tetrapeptide acid 13: K(i)(μ) = 2000 nM; GPI (IC(50)) = 0% at 1 μM; for linear tetrapeptide amide 15: K(i)(μ) = 310 nM; GPI (IC(50)) = 894 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Mollica
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Chieti-Pescara G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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25
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Vandormael B, Fourla DD, Gramowski-Voss A, Kosson P, Weiss DG, Schröder OHU, Lipkowski A, Georgoussi Z, Tourwé D. Superpotent [Dmt¹] dermorphin tetrapeptides containing the 4-aminotetrahydro-2-benzazepin-3-one scaffold with mixed μ/δ opioid receptor agonistic properties. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7848-59. [PMID: 21978284 DOI: 10.1021/jm200894e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel dermorphin tetrapeptides are described in which Tyr(1) is replaced by Dmt(1), where d-Ala(2) and Gly(4) are N-methylated, and where Phe(3)-Gly(4) residue is substituted by the constrained Aba(3)-Gly(4) peptidomimetic. Most of these peptidic ligands displayed binding affinities in the nanomolar range for both μ- and δ-opioid receptors but no detectable affinity for the κ-opioid receptor. Measurements of cAMP accumulation, phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in HEK293 cells stably expressing each of these receptors individually, and functional screening in primary neuronal cultures confirmed the potent agonistic properties of these peptides. The most potent ligand H-Dmt-NMe-d-Ala-Aba-Gly-NH(2) (BVD03) displayed mixed μ/δ opioid agonist properties with picomolar functional potencies. Functional electrophysiological in vitro assays using primary cortical and spinal cord networks showed that this analogue possessed electrophysiological similarity toward gabapentin and sufentanil, which makes it an interesting candidate for further study as an analgesic for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Vandormael
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Hydrophobic tag-assisted liquid-phase synthesis of a growth hormone-inhibiting peptide somatostatin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4476-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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27
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New potent biphalin analogues containing p-fluoro-L-phenylalanine at the 4,4' positions and non-hydrazine linkers. Amino Acids 2010; 40:1503-11. [PMID: 20924622 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and the biological evaluation of two new analogues of the potent dimeric opioid peptide biphalin. The performed modification is based on the replacement of two key structural elements of the native biphalin, namely: the hydrazine bridge which joins the two palindromic moieties and the phenylalanine residues at the 4,4' positions of the backbone. The new analogues 9 and 10 contain 1,2-phenylenediamine and piperazine, respectively, in place of the hydrazidic linker and p-fluoro-L-phenylalanine residues at 4 and 4' positions. Binding values are: Kμ(i)=0.51 nM and Kδ(i)=12.8 nM for compound 9, Kμ(i)=0.09 nM and Kδ(i)=0.11 nM for analogue 10.
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28
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Mayorov AV, Cai M, Palmer ES, Liu Z, Cain JP, Vagner J, Trivedi D, Hruby VJ. Solid-phase peptide head-to-side chain cyclodimerization: discovery of C(2)-symmetric cyclic lactam hybrid α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)/agouti-signaling protein (ASIP) analogues with potent activities at the human melanocortin receptors. Peptides 2010; 31:1894-905. [PMID: 20688117 PMCID: PMC3041174 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel hybrid melanocortin pharmacophore was designed based on the pharmacophores of the agouti-signaling protein (ASIP), an endogenous melanocortin antagonist, and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), an endogenous melanocortin agonist. The designed hybrid ASIP/MSH pharmacophore was explored in monomeric cyclic, and cyclodimeric templates. The monomeric cyclic disulfide series yielded peptides with hMC3R-selective non-competitive binding affinities. The direct on-resin peptide lactam cyclodimerization yielded nanomolar range (25-120 nM) hMC1R-selective full and partial agonists in the cyclodimeric lactam series which demonstrates an improvement over the previous attempts at hybridization of MSH and agouti protein sequences. The secondary structure-oriented pharmacophore hybridization strategy will prove useful in development of unique allosteric and orthosteric melanocortin receptor modulators. This report also illustrates the utility of peptide cyclodimerization for the development of novel GPCR peptide ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minying Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Erin S. Palmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - James P. Cain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Josef Vagner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Dev Trivedi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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Dietis N, Guerrini R, Calo G, Salvadori S, Rowbotham D, Lambert D. Simultaneous targeting of multiple opioid receptors: a strategy to improve side-effect profile. Br J Anaesth 2009; 103:38-49. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Balboni G, Onnis V, Congiu C, Zotti M, Sasaki Y, Ambo A, Bryant SD, Jinsmaa Y, Lazarus LH, Trapella C, Salvadori S. Effect of lysine at C-terminus of the Dmt-Tic opioid pharmacophore. J Med Chem 2006; 49:5610-7. [PMID: 16942034 PMCID: PMC2533050 DOI: 10.1021/jm060741w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Substitution of Gly with side-chain-protected or unprotected Lys in lead compounds containing the opioid pharmacophore Dmt-Tic [H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-CH(2)-Ph, mu agonist/delta antagonist; H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-Ph, mu agonist/delta agonist; and H-Dmt-Tic-NH-CH(2)-Bid, delta agonist (Bid = 1H-benzimidazole-2-yl)] yielded a new series of compounds endowed with distinct pharmacological activities. Compounds (1-10) included high delta- (Ki(delta) = 0.068-0.64 nM) and mu-opioid affinities (Ki(mu) = 0.13-5.50 nM), with a bioactivity that ranged from mu-opioid agonism {10, H-Dmt-Tic-NH-CH[(CH2)4-NH2]-Bid (IC50 GPI = 39.7 nM)} to a selective mu-opioid antagonist [3, H-Dmt-Tic-Lys-NH-CH2-Ph (pA2(mu) = 7.96)] and a selective delta-opioid antagonist [5, H-Dmt-Tic-Lys(Ac)-NH-Ph (pA2(delta) = 12.0)]. The presence of a Lys linker provides new lead compounds in the formation of opioid peptidomimetics containing the Dmt-Tic pharmacophore with distinct agonist and/or antagonist properties.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Dipeptides/chemical synthesis
- Dipeptides/chemistry
- Dipeptides/pharmacology
- Electric Stimulation
- Guinea Pigs
- Ileum/drug effects
- Ileum/physiology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Ligands
- Male
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tetrahydroisoquinolines/chemical synthesis
- Tetrahydroisoquinolines/chemistry
- Tetrahydroisoquinolines/pharmacology
- Vas Deferens/drug effects
- Vas Deferens/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Balboni
- Department of Toxicology, University of Cagliari, I-09124, Cagliari, Italy.
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Tourwé D, Salvadori S, Bryant SD, Jinsmaa Y, Lazarus LH, Negri L, Giannini E, Lattanzi R, Balboni G. New 2',6'-dimethyl-L-tyrosine (Dmt) opioid peptidomimetics based on the Aba-Gly scaffold. Development of unique mu-opioid receptor ligands. J Med Chem 2006; 49:3990-3. [PMID: 16789756 PMCID: PMC2983084 DOI: 10.1021/jm0603264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Aba-Gly scaffold, incorporated into Dmt-Tic ligands (H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-CH2-Ph, H-Dmt-Tic-Gly-NH-Ph, H-Dmt-Tic-NH-CH2-Bid), exhibited mixed micro/delta or delta opioid receptor activities with micro agonism. Substitution of Tic by Aba-Gly coupled to -NH-CH2-Ph (1), -NH-Ph (2), or -Bid (Bid=1H-benzimidazole-2-yl) (3) shifted affinity (Ki(micro)=0.46, 1.48, and 19.9 nM, respectively), selectivity, and bioactivity to micro-opioid receptors. These compounds represent templates for a new class of lead opioid agonists that are easily synthesized and suitable for therapeutic pain relief.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/chemical synthesis
- Analgesics, Opioid/chemistry
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzazepines/chemical synthesis
- Benzazepines/pharmacology
- Glycine/analogs & derivatives
- Glycine/chemical synthesis
- Glycine/pharmacology
- Guinea Pigs
- In Vitro Techniques
- Ligands
- Molecular Mimicry
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth/innervation
- Muscle, Smooth/physiology
- Myenteric Plexus/physiology
- Peptides/chemistry
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Synaptosomes/drug effects
- Synaptosomes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Tourwé
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Severo Salvadori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sharon D. Bryant
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Yunden Jinsmaa
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Lazarus
- Medicinal Chemistry Group, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Chemistry, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lucia Negri
- Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” University La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannini
- Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” University La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Lattanzi
- Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer,” University La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Balboni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, University of Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Toxicology, University of Cagliari, I-09124, Cagliari, Italy
- To whom Correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: +39-532-291-275; Fax: +39-532-291-296; E-mail: ;
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Ananthan S. Opioid ligands with mixed mu/delta opioid receptor interactions: an emerging approach to novel analgesics. AAPS JOURNAL 2006; 8:E118-25. [PMID: 16584118 PMCID: PMC2751430 DOI: 10.1208/aapsj080114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are widely used in the treatment of severe pain. The clinical use of the opioids is limited by serious side effects such as respiratory depression, constipation, development of tolerance, and physical dependence and addiction liabilities. Most of the currently available opioid analgesics exert their analgesic and adverse effects primarily through the opioid mu receptors. A large number of biochemical and pharmacological studies and studies using genetically modified animals have provided convincing evidence regarding the existence of modulatory interactions between opioid mu and delta receptors. Several studies indicate that delta receptor agonists as well as delta receptor antagonists can provide beneficial modulation to the pharmacological effects of mu agonists. For example, delta agonists can enhance the analgesic potency and efficacy of mu agonists, and delta antagonists can prevent or diminish the development of tolerance and physical dependence by mu agonists. On the basis of these observations, the development of new opioid ligands possessing mixed mu agonist/delta agonist profile and mixed mu agonist/delta antagonist profile has emerged as a promising new approach to analgesic drug development. A brief overview of mu-delta interactions and recent developments in identification of ligands possessing mixed mu agonist/delta agonist and mu agonist/delta antagonist activities is provided in this report.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/chemical synthesis
- Analgesics, Opioid/metabolism
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Drugs, Investigational/chemical synthesis
- Drugs, Investigational/metabolism
- Drugs, Investigational/pharmacology
- Humans
- Ligands
- Opioid Peptides/chemistry
- Opioid Peptides/metabolism
- Opioid Peptides/pharmacology
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Technology, Pharmaceutical/trends
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