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Ivanova E, Osipova M, Vasilieva T, Eremkin A, Markova S, Zazhivihina E, Smirnova S, Mitrasov Y, Nasakin O. The Recycling of Substandard Rocket Fuel N,N-Dimethylhydrazine via the Involvement of Its Hydrazones Derived from Glyoxal, Acrolein, Metacrolein, Crotonaldehyde, and Formaldehyde in Organic Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17196. [PMID: 38139025 PMCID: PMC10742919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
"Heptil" (unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine-UDMH) is extensively employed worldwide as a propellant for rocket engines. However, UDMH constantly loses its properties as a result of its continuous and uncontrolled absorption of moisture, which cannot be rectified. This situation threatens its long-term usability. UDMH is an exceedingly toxic compound (Hazard Class 1), which complicates its transportation and disposal. Incineration is currently the only method used for its disposal, but this process generates oxidation by-products that are even more toxic than the original UDMH. A more benign approach involves its immediate reaction with a formalin solution to form 1,1-dimethyl-2-methylene hydrazone (MDH), which is significantly less toxic by an order of magnitude. MDH can then be polymerized under acidic conditions, and the resulting product can be burned, yielding substantial amounts of nitrogen oxides. This review seeks to shift the focus of MDH from incineration towards its application in the synthesis of relatively non-toxic and readily available analogs of various pharmaceutical substances. We aim to bring the attention of the international chemical community to the distinctive properties of MDH, as well as other hydrazones (such as glyoxal, acrolein, crotonal, and meta-crolyl), wherein each structural fragment can initiate unique transformations that have potential applications in molecular design, pharmaceutical research, and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Ivanova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Margarita Osipova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Tatyana Vasilieva
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Alexey Eremkin
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Svetlana Markova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Ekaterina Zazhivihina
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Svetlana Smirnova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Yurii Mitrasov
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Yakovlev Chuvash State Pedagogical University, K. Marx Street, 38, 428000 Cheboksary, Russia;
| | - Oleg Nasakin
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.); (S.M.); (E.Z.); (S.S.)
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Ivanova E, Maryasov M, Andreeva V, Osipova M, Vasilieva T, Eremkin A, Lodochnikova O, Grishaev D, Nasakin OE. Treatment of Substandard Rocket Fuel 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine via Its Methylene Derivative into Heterocycles Based on Pyrrolo-[3,4c]Quinolines, Cyclododeca[b]piran and Pyrrole. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13076. [PMID: 37685883 PMCID: PMC10487424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
1,1-Dimethylhydrazine (Heptil, rocket fuel (UDMH)) is characterized by extremely high toxicity, teratogenicity and the ability to constantly absorb water from the atmosphere, losing its energy characteristics. In this regard, as well as due to the alternative fuel ("Angara") transition, there is a need for UDMH utilization in huge amounts. A more benign approach involves its immediate reaction with a formalin solution to form 1,1-dimethyl-2-methylene hydrazone (MDH), which is significantly less toxic by an order of magnitude. MDH can then be polymerized under acidic conditions, and the resulting product can be burned, yielding a substantial amount of nitrogen oxides. We propose an alternative to incineration by involving MDH in organic synthesis. We studied the reactions of MDH and its analog N,N-dimethyl-2-(methylenamino)ethane-1-amine (MDEA) with available CH-acids: tetracyanoethylated ketones (TCEKs) based on cyclohexanone, 4-propylcyclohexanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone, cyclododecanone and tetracyanoethane. The structures synthesized were confirmed by IR, 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy methods. MDH-based adducts were also identified by X-ray structural analysis. TCEKs and MDH, as well as TCEK based on cyclohexanone and MDEA, form bi- and tricyclic structures: pyrrolo [3,4c]-quinolines (using TCEKs based on cyclohexanone and 4-propylcyclohexanone), epiminomethanoquinoline-3,4-dicarbonitrile (using TCEK based on 2-methylcyclohexanone) and cyclododec[b]pyran-3,4-dicarbonitrile (using TCEK based on cyclododecanone). MDH and TCNEH2 formed a pyrrole derivative. Thus, we synthesized the structures that are of interest for molecular design and pharmaceutical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Ivanova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, ssUlyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Maxim Maryasov
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, ssUlyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Vera Andreeva
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, ssUlyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Margarita Osipova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, ssUlyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Tatyana Vasilieva
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, ssUlyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Alexey Eremkin
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, ssUlyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.)
| | - Olga Lodochnikova
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Streed, 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Denis Grishaev
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Scientific and Educational Center Pharmacy, Kazan Federal University, Paris Commune Street, 9, 296100 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Oleg E. Nasakin
- Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, ssUlyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky Prospect, 15, 428015 Cheboksary, Russia; (E.I.); (M.M.); (V.A.); (M.O.); (T.V.); (A.E.)
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Menchikov LG, Shulishov EV, Tomilov YV. Recent advances in the catalytic cyclopropanation of unsaturated compounds with diazomethane. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The main achievements and development trends of the past 10–15 years related to the catalytic cyclopropanation of unsaturated compounds with diazomethane are integrated and analyzed. The attention is focused on the most efficient catalysts based on palladium compounds. Data on the effects of substrate structure and nature of catalyst components on the regio- and stereoselectivity of these reactions are systematized. Characteristic features of safe methods for diazomethane generation are considered, including the use of membrane technologies and continuous-flow and in situ preparation methods, which have prospects for industrial application.
The bibliography includes 281 references.
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Miró R, Cunillera A, Margalef J, Lutz D, Börner A, Pamiès O, Diéguez M, Godard C. Rh-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroaminomethylation of α-Substituted Acrylamides: Application in the Synthesis of RWAY. Org Lett 2020; 22:9036-9040. [PMID: 33164527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The successful rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation and hydroaminomethylation of α-substituted acrylamides is described using 1,3-phosphite-phosphoramidite ligands based on a sugar backbone. A broad scope of chiral aldehydes and amines were afforded in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99%). Furthermore, the synthetic potential of this method is demonstrated by the single-step synthesis of the brain imaging molecule RWAY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Miró
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anton Cunillera
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jèssica Margalef
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Domke Lutz
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Armin Börner
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Oscar Pamiès
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Diéguez
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cyril Godard
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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Nitrogen-containing acetals and ketals in the synthesis of pyrrolidine derivatives. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-016-1960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Strunz AK, Zweemer AJ, Weiss C, Schepmann D, Junker A, Heitman LH, Koch M, Wünsch B. Synthesis and biological evaluation of spirocyclic antagonists of CCR2 (chemokine CC receptor subtype 2). Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4034-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Kothandan G, Gadhe CG, Cho SJ. Investigation of the Binding Site of CCR2 using 4-Azetidinyl-1-aryl-cyclohexane Derivatives: A Membrane Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Study. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.11.3429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Domino synthesis of 3-amino-8-hydroxy-1,6-dioxo-2,7-diazaspiro[4.4]non-3-ene-4-carbonitriles. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- James Pease
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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Kothandan G, Gadhe CG, Cho SJ. Structural insights from binding poses of CCR2 and CCR5 with clinically important antagonists: a combined in silico study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32864. [PMID: 22479344 PMCID: PMC3314010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that contain seven transmembrane domains. In particular, CCR2 and CCR5 and their ligands have been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Based on their roles in disease, they have been attractive targets for the pharmaceutical industry, and furthermore, targeting both CCR2 and CCR5 can be a useful strategy. Owing to the importance of these receptors, information regarding the binding site is of prime importance. Structural studies have been hampered due to the lack of X-ray crystal structures, and templates with close homologs for comparative modeling. Most of the previous models were based on the bovine rhodopsin and β2-adrenergic receptor. In this study, based on a closer homolog with higher resolution (CXCR4, PDB code: 3ODU 2.5 Å), we constructed three-dimensional models. The main aim of this study was to provide relevant information on binding sites of these receptors. Molecular dynamics simulation was done to refine the homology models and PROCHECK results indicated that the models were reasonable. Here, binding poses were checked with some established inhibitors of high pharmaceutical importance against the modeled receptors. Analysis of interaction modes gave an integrated interpretation with detailed structural information. The binding poses confirmed that the acidic residues Glu291 (CCR2) and Glu283 (CCR5) are important, and we also found some additional residues. Comparisons of binding sites of CCR2/CCR5 were done sequentially and also by docking a potent dual antagonist. Our results can be a starting point for further structure-based drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gugan Kothandan
- Department of Bio-New Drug Development, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Changdev G. Gadhe
- Department of Bio-New Drug Development, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Joo Cho
- Department of Bio-New Drug Development, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Cellular Molecular Medicine, Research Center for Resistant Cells, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Zhang X, Hufnagel H, Hou C, Opas E, McKenney S, Crysler C, O’Neill J, Johnson D, Sui Z. Design, synthesis and SAR of indazole and benzoisoxazole containing 4-azetidinyl-1-aryl-cyclohexanes as CCR2 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6042-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Zhang X, Hufnagel H, Markotan T, Lanter J, Cai C, Hou C, Singer M, Opas E, McKenney S, Crysler C, Johnson D, Sui Z. Overcoming hERG activity in the discovery of a series of 4-azetidinyl-1-aryl-cyclohexanes as CCR2 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5577-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kang YS, Cha JJ, Hyun YY, Cha DR. Novel C-C chemokine receptor 2 antagonists in metabolic disease: a review of recent developments. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2011; 20:745-56. [PMID: 21466412 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2011.575359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and its receptor, C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), play important roles in various inflammatory diseases. Recently, it has been reported that the CCL2/CCR2 pathway also has an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome through its association with obesity and related systemic complications. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the roles of CCR2 in the pathogenesis of adipose tissue inflammation and other organ damage associated with metabolic syndrome, which is still a matter of debate in many studies. It also covers the use of novel CCR2 antagonists as therapies in such conditions. EXPERT OPINION There is abundant experimental evidence that the CCL2/CCR2 pathway may be involved in chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue in obesity and related metabolic diseases. Although animal models of diabetes and obesity, as well as human trials, have produced controversial results, there is continued interest in the roles of CCR2 inhibition in metabolic disease. Further identification of the mechanisms for recruitment and activation of phagocytes and determination of the roles of other chemokines are needed. Future study of these fundamental questions will provide a clearer understanding of adipose tissue biology and potential therapeutic targets for treatment of obesity-related metabolic disease, including diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sun Kang
- Medical College of Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ansan City, Korea
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Kothandan G, Gadhe CG, Madhavan T, Cho SJ. Binding Site Analysis of CCR2 Through In Silico Methodologies: Docking, CoMFA, and CoMSIA. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 78:161-74. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xue CB, Wang A, Meloni D, Zhang K, Kong L, Feng H, Glenn J, Huang T, Zhang Y, Cao G, Anand R, Zheng C, Xia M, Han Q, Robinson DJ, Storace L, Shao L, Li M, Brodmerkel CM, Covington M, Scherle P, Diamond S, Yeleswaram S, Vaddi K, Newton R, Hollis G, Friedman S, Metcalf B. Discovery of INCB3344, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable antagonist of human and murine CCR2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7473-8. [PMID: 21036044 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rational design based on a pharmacophore of CCR2 antagonists reported in the literature identified lead compound 9a with potent inhibitory activity against human CCR2 (hCCR2) but moderate activity against murine CCR2 (mCCR2). Modification on 9a led to the discovery of a potent CCR2 antagonist 21 (INCB3344) with IC(50) values of 5.1 nM (hCCR2) and 9.5 nM (mCCR2) in binding antagonism and 3.8 nM (hCCR2) and 7.8 nM (mCCR2) in antagonism of chemotaxis activity. INCB3344 exhibited >100-fold selectivity over other homologous chemokine receptors, a free fraction of 24% in human serum and 15% in mouse serum, and an oral bioavailability of 47% in mice, suitable as a tool compound for target validation in rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Biao Xue
- Incyte Corporation, Experimental Station E336, Wilmington, DE 19880, USA.
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Sobhia ME, Singh R, Kare P, Chavan S. Rational design of CCR2 antagonists: a survey of computational studies. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2010; 5:543-57. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2010.482559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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17
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Carter PH. Spiroindenes and spiroindanes as antagonists of CC chemokine receptor 2: WO 2009023754. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010; 20:283-9. [DOI: 10.1517/13543770903490437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Kothandaraman S, Donnely KL, Butora G, Jiao R, Pasternak A, Morriello GJ, Goble SD, Zhou C, Mills SG, MacCoss M, Vicario PP, Ayala JM, DeMartino JA, Struthers M, Cascieri MA, Yang L. Design, synthesis, and structure–activity relationship of novel CCR2 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1830-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 12/08/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nair PC, Sobhia ME. Fingerprint Directed Scaffold Hopping for Identification of CCR2 Antagonists. J Chem Inf Model 2008; 48:1891-902. [PMID: 18763838 DOI: 10.1021/ci800157j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod C. Nair
- Centre for Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Punjab-160062, India
| | - M. Elizabeth Sobhia
- Centre for Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Punjab-160062, India
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Shamovsky I, Connolly S, David L, Ivanova S, Nordén B, Springthorpe B, Urbahns K. Overcoming Undesirable hERG Potency of Chemokine Receptor Antagonists Using Baseline Lipophilicity Relationships. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1162-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jm070543k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Shamovsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Connolly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent David
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Nordén
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Springthorpe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Urbahns
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Lund, S-22187 Lund, Sweden, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
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QSAR studies on CCR2 antagonists with chiral sensitive hologram descriptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1323-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2007] [Revised: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yao H, de Boer WI, Rahman I. Targeting lung inflammation: novel therapies for the treatment of COPD. CURRENT RESPIRATORY MEDICINE REVIEWS 2008; 4:57-68. [PMID: 19672474 PMCID: PMC2723817 DOI: 10.2174/157339808783497873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem. As understanding of pathology of COPD has increased it has been established that COPD is associated with the progressive pulmonary inflammation and destruction of lung parenchyma (emphysema) that relate to disease severity. Therefore, it is anticipated that drugs that reduce pulmonary inflammation will provide effective, disease modifying therapy for COPD. Several specific therapies are directed against the influx of inflammatory cells into the airways and lung parenchyma that occurs in COPD; these include agents directed against cytokines and chemokines. Broad-range anti-inflammatory drugs are now in phase III development for COPD; they include inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4). Other drugs that inhibit cell signaling include inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K). There is also a search for inhibitors of proteinases and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to prevent lung destruction and the development of emphysema. This review highlights studies on novel or potential anti-inflammatory agents that might be considered in the development of new future therapies for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yao
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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24
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Probing the structural and topological requirements for CCR2 antagonism: holographic QSAR for indolopiperidine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1450-6. [PMID: 18226895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Revised: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CCR2 is the major family of chemokine receptors which involve in the pathophysiology of the acute or chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, asthma, obesity, and type-2 diabetes. Herein, we report the results of HQSAR model, developed for CCR2 antagonistic activity of indolopiperidine derivatives. The best HQSAR model with r(2)=0.916, q(2)=0.562 with atom count=4-7 was used to predict the activity of the test set molecules. The predicted values are in good agreement with experimental results and show the potential of the model for untested compounds. Analysis of molecular fragments throws light on essential structural and topological features of indolopiperidine derivatives for antagonist activity. The analysis shows that the presence of tertiary hydrogen bond acceptor groups is important for CCR2 antagonism. Fragments containing benzene ring substituted with one or more chlorine atoms show the positive effect of electron withdrawing group for favorable activity.
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Braddock M. 11th annual Inflammatory and Immune Diseases Drug Discovery and Development Summit 12-13 March 2007, San Francisco, USA. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16:909-17. [PMID: 17501702 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.16.6.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Strategic Research Institute (SRi) hosted the 11th International Inflammation and Immune Diseases Drug Discovery and Development World Summit in San Francisco during 12-13 March 2007. The summit comprised keynote sessions and two parallel tracks and focussed on targeting mechanisms for drug discovery and development, which modulate the immune response and which have anti-inflammatory activity in a number of human diseases. Indications included psoriasis, hepatitis C, allergic dermatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, multiple sclnerosis, cardiovascular disease and asthma. Data were presented supporting all stages of drug discovery from target identification and validation through to lead identification and optimisation to both early- and late-stage clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Braddock
- Discovery Bioscience, AstraZeneca R&D Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire, England, UK.
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26
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3-Amino-1-alkyl-cyclopentane carboxamides as small molecule antagonists of the human and murine CC chemokine receptor 2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:3636-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Revised: 04/10/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Yang L, Butora G, Jiao RX, Pasternak A, Zhou C, Parsons WH, Mills SG, Vicario PP, Ayala JM, Cascieri MA, MacCoss M. Discovery of 3-Piperidinyl-1-cyclopentanecarboxamide as a Novel Scaffold for Highly Potent CC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonists. J Med Chem 2007; 50:2609-11. [PMID: 17461566 DOI: 10.1021/jm070166b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction of ring restrictions to a linear aminobutyramide CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist lead (2) led to the discovery of a 1,3-disubstituted cyclopentane scaffold with enhanced hCCR2 receptor binding and antagonist activity. (1S,3R)-N-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-1-methyl-3-[(1R,3'R)-methyl-1'H-spiro[indene-1,4'-piperidin]-1'-yl]cyclopentanecarboxamide (16) had IC50 of 1.3 nM (binding) and 0.45 nM (functional chemotaxis) against hCCR2. It also showed activity against the mouse CCR2 receptor with an IC50 of 130 nM. Compound 16 is selective against other chemokine receptors, including CCR5 ( approximately 500-fold).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihu Yang
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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28
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Pinkerton AB, Huang D, Cube RV, Hutchinson JH, Struthers M, Ayala JM, Vicario PP, Patel SR, Wisniewski T, DeMartino JA, Vernier JM. Diaryl substituted pyrazoles as potent CCR2 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:807-13. [PMID: 17088058 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have identified and synthesized a series of diaryl substituted pyrazoles as potent antagonists of the chemokine receptor subtype 2. Structure-activity relationship studies directed toward improving the potency led to the discovery of 23 (IC50 = 6 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Pinkerton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, MRLSDB2, 3535 General Atomics Court, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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29
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Zhou C, Guo L, Parsons WH, Mills SG, MacCoss M, Vicario PP, Zweerink H, Cascieri MA, Springer MS, Yang L. α-Aminothiazole-γ-aminobutanoic amides as potent, small molecule CCR2 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:309-14. [PMID: 17092717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2006] [Revised: 10/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of racemic and homochiral alpha-aminothiazole-gamma-aminobutyroamides that display high affinities for human and murine CCR2 and functional antagonism by inhibition of monocyte recruitment are described. A representative example is (2S)-2-[2-(acetylamino)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-N-[3-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)butanamide, which shows 5 nM affinity for human monocytes and CHO cells expressing the human CCR2b receptor. It also inhibited MCP-1 initiated chemotaxis of human monocytes with an IC50 of 0.69 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyou Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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30
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Chapter 14 Advances in the Discovery of CC Chemokine Receptor 2 Antagonists. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(07)42014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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