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Dai H, Hariwitonang J, Fujiyama N, Moriguchi C, Hirano Y, Ebara F, Inaba S, Kondo F, Kitagaki H. A Decrease in the Hardness of Feces with Added Glucosylceramide Extracted from Koji In Vitro-A Working Hypothesis of Health Benefits of Dietary Glucosylceramide. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:739. [PMID: 38929722 PMCID: PMC11204706 DOI: 10.3390/life14060739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin barrier function, prevent colon cancer, head and neck cancer, and decrease liver cholesterol. However, the mechanism of action has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we propose a new working hypothesis regarding the health benefits and functions of glucosylceramide: decreased fecal hardness. This hypothesis was verified using an in vitro hardness test. The hardness of feces supplemented with glucosylceramide was significantly lower than that of the control. Based on these results, a new working hypothesis of dietary glucosylceramide was conceived: glucosylceramide passes through the small intestine, interacts with intestinal bacteria, increases the tolerance of these bacteria toward secondary bile acids, and decreases the hardness of feces, and these factors synergistically result in in vivo effects. This hypothesis forms the basis for further studies on the health benefits and functions of dietary glucosylceramides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanghuang Dai
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Kagoshima, Japan; (H.D.); (F.E.); (S.I.); (F.K.)
| | - Johan Hariwitonang
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences, Saga University, 1, Honjo-cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan; (J.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Nao Fujiyama
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences, Saga University, 1, Honjo-cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan; (J.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Chihiro Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences, Saga University, 1, Honjo-cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan; (J.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Yuto Hirano
- Graduate School of Advanced Health Sciences, Saga University, 1, Honjo-cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan; (J.H.); (C.M.)
| | - Fumio Ebara
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Kagoshima, Japan; (H.D.); (F.E.); (S.I.); (F.K.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1, Honjo-Cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan
| | - Shigeki Inaba
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Kagoshima, Japan; (H.D.); (F.E.); (S.I.); (F.K.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1, Honjo-Cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan
| | - Fumiyoshi Kondo
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Kagoshima, Japan; (H.D.); (F.E.); (S.I.); (F.K.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1, Honjo-Cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagaki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Kagoshima, Japan; (H.D.); (F.E.); (S.I.); (F.K.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1, Honjo-Cho, Saga City 840-8502, Saga, Japan
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Li Y, Chaurasia B, Rahman MM, Kaddai V, Maschek JA, Berg JA, Wilkerson JL, Mahmassani ZS, Cox J, Wei P, Meikle PJ, Atkinson D, Wang L, Poss AM, Playdon MC, Tippetts TS, Mousa EM, Nittayaboon K, Anandh Babu PV, Drummond MJ, Clevers H, Shayman JA, Hirabayashi Y, Holland WL, Rutter J, Edgar BA, Summers SA. Ceramides Increase Fatty Acid Utilization in Intestinal Progenitors to Enhance Stemness and Increase Tumor Risk. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:1136-1150. [PMID: 37541526 PMCID: PMC10592225 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancers of the alimentary tract, including esophageal adenocarcinomas, colorectal cancers, and cancers of the gastric cardia, are common comorbidities of obesity. Prolonged, excessive delivery of macronutrients to the cells lining the gut can increase one's risk for these cancers by inducing imbalances in the rate of intestinal stem cell proliferation vs differentiation, which can produce polyps and other aberrant growths. We investigated whether ceramides, which are sphingolipids that serve as a signal of nutritional excess, alter stem cell behaviors to influence cancer risk. METHODS We profiled sphingolipids and sphingolipid-synthesizing enzymes in human adenomas and tumors. Thereafter, we manipulated expression of sphingolipid-producing enzymes, including serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), in intestinal progenitors of mice, cultured organoids, and Drosophila to discern whether sphingolipids altered stem cell proliferation and metabolism. RESULTS SPT, which diverts dietary fatty acids and amino acids into the biosynthetic pathway that produces ceramides and other sphingolipids, is a critical modulator of intestinal stem cell homeostasis. SPT and other enzymes in the sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway are up-regulated in human intestinal adenomas. They produce ceramides, which serve as prostemness signals that stimulate peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-α and induce fatty acid binding protein-1. These actions lead to increased lipid utilization and enhanced proliferation of intestinal progenitors. CONCLUSIONS Ceramides serve as critical links between dietary macronutrients, epithelial regeneration, and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Bhagirath Chaurasia
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
| | - M Mahidur Rahman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Vincent Kaddai
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - J Alan Maschek
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jordan A Berg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Joseph L Wilkerson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - James Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donald Atkinson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Annelise M Poss
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mary C Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Trevor S Tippetts
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Esraa M Mousa
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Kesara Nittayaboon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Princess Maxima Center (PMC) for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - James A Shayman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yoshio Hirabayashi
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama Japan
| | - William L Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Bruce A Edgar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute and Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology and the Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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Esaki S, Nagasawa T, Tanaka H, Tominaga A, Mikami D, Usuki S, Hamajima H, Hanamatsu H, Sakai S, Hama Y, Igarashi Y, Kitagaki H, Mitsutake S. The fungal 9-methyl-sphingadiene is a novel ligand for both PPARγ and GPR120. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shota Esaki
- Department of Biological Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Tomotaka Nagasawa
- Department of Biological Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Haruka Tanaka
- Department of Biological Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Aoi Tominaga
- Department of Biological Resource Science, Graduate School of Agriculture; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroshi Hamajima
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Environmental Science; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Hanamatsu
- Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Shota Sakai
- Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Igarashi
- Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitagaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Environmental Science; Saga University; Saga Japan
| | - Susumu Mitsutake
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences; Saga University; Saga Japan
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Fenofibrate lowers atypical sphingolipids in plasma of dyslipidemic patients: A novel approach for treating diabetic neuropathy? J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9:568-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lee SE, Jung MK, Oh SJ, Jeong SK, Lee SH. Pseudoceramide stimulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α expression in a murine model of atopic dermatitis: molecular basis underlying the anti-inflammatory effect and the preventive effect against steroid-induced barrier impairment. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:781-92. [PMID: 26121942 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1584-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Topical pseudoceramides are successfully used in skin barrier repair therapy for atopic dermatitis (AD) and demonstrated to reduce the adverse effects of topical glucocorticoids (GC). However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We investigated whether PC-9S (myristoyl/palmitoyloxostearamide/arachamide MEA, Neopharm, Daejeon, Korea), one of the synthetic pseudoceramides, could stimulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α expression in a hapten [oxazolone (oxa)]-induced AD murine model (oxa-AD mice) and subsequently improved permeability barrier, reduced inflammation, and increased antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) expression. Normal hairless mice and oxa-AD mice were topically treated twice daily with either PC-9S-containing physiologic lipid mixture (PLM), vehicle (PLM), or PPARα agonist for 4 days. Topical PC-9S significantly increased PPARα expression in mouse epidermis in vivo and in oxa-AD mice skin comparable with PPARα agonist. Topical PC-9S-containing PLM significantly reduced basal trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), surface pH, and mast cell infiltrates and prevented the decline of AMPs expression in oxa-AD mice, which were abrogated by PPARα antagonist. Then, oxa-AD mice were treated with super-potent topical GC twice daily for 4 days with or without PC-9S co-applications. Co-treatment with PC-9S-containing PLM suppressed GC-induced increase in basal TEWL, epidermal thinning, reduced loricrin expression, and impaired barrier recovery and these effects were attenuated by PPARα antagonist. Collectively, our findings suggest that pseudoceramide PC-9S-induced stimulation of PPARα expression provides a new mechanism by which pseudoceramides show anti-inflammatory property, improve the permeability and antimicrobial barrier function, and prevent the negative effects of topical GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Eun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 712 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 712 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Korea
| | - Seung Joon Oh
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 712 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Korea
| | - Se Kyoo Jeong
- Research Division, Neopharm Co., Ltd, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 712 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Korea.
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Barbarroja N, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Nygren H, Camargo A, Pirraco A, Relat J, Cuadrado I, Pellegrinelli V, Medina-Gomez G, Lopez-Pedrera C, Tinahones FJ, Symons JD, Summers SA, Oresic M, Vidal-Puig A. Increased dihydroceramide/ceramide ratio mediated by defective expression of degs1 impairs adipocyte differentiation and function. Diabetes 2015; 64:1180-92. [PMID: 25352638 PMCID: PMC9757540 DOI: 10.2337/db14-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue dysfunction is an important determinant of obesity-associated, lipid-induced metabolic complications. Ceramides are well-known mediators of lipid-induced insulin resistance in peripheral organs such as muscle. DEGS1 is the desaturase catalyzing the last step in the main ceramide biosynthetic pathway. Functional suppression of DEGS1 activity results in substantial changes in ceramide species likely to affect fundamental biological functions such as oxidative stress, cell survival, and proliferation. Here, we show that degs1 expression is specifically decreased in the adipose tissue of obese patients and murine models of genetic and nutritional obesity. Moreover, loss-of-function experiments using pharmacological or genetic ablation of DEGS1 in preadipocytes prevented adipogenesis and decreased lipid accumulation. This was associated with elevated oxidative stress, cellular death, and blockage of the cell cycle. These effects were coupled with increased dihydroceramide content. Finally, we validated in vivo that pharmacological inhibition of DEGS1 impairs adipocyte differentiation. These data identify DEGS1 as a new potential target to restore adipose tissue function and prevent obesity-associated metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Barbarroja
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodriguez-Cuenca
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K.
| | - Heli Nygren
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Antonio Camargo
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. Lipids and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Pirraco
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. Department of Biochemistry (U38-FCT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Relat
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Cuadrado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanessa Pellegrinelli
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Gema Medina-Gomez
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K
| | - Chary Lopez-Pedrera
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CB06/03), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga/Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain
| | - J David Symons
- College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Scott A Summers
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matej Oresic
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, U.K.
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7
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Mary VS, Valdehita A, Navas JM, Rubinstein HR, Fernández-Cruz ML. Effects of aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1 and their mixture on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and cytochrome P450 1A induction. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 75:104-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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CerS2 haploinsufficiency inhibits β-oxidation and confers susceptibility to diet-induced steatohepatitis and insulin resistance. Cell Metab 2014; 20:687-95. [PMID: 25295789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of ceramide synthesis prevents diabetes, steatosis, and cardiovascular disease in rodents. Six different ceramide synthases (CerS) that differ in tissue distribution and substrate specificity account for the diversity in acyl-chain composition of distinct ceramide species. Haploinsufficiency for ceramide synthase 2 (CerS2), the dominant isoform in the liver that preferentially makes very-long-chain (C22/C24/C24:1) ceramides, led to compensatory increases in long-chain C16-ceramides and conferred susceptibility to diet-induced steatohepatitis and insulin resistance. Mechanistic studies revealed that these metabolic effects were likely due to impaired β-oxidation resulting from inactivation of electron transport chain components. Inhibiting global ceramide synthesis negated the effects of CerS2 haploinsufficiency in vivo, and increasing C16-ceramides by overexpressing CerS6 recapitulated the phenotype in isolated, primary hepatocytes. Collectively, these studies reveal that altering sphingolipid acylation patterns impacts hepatic steatosis and insulin sensitivity and identify CerS6 as a possible therapeutic target for treating metabolic diseases associated with obesity.
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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) protects against ceramide-induced cellular toxicity in rat brain astrocytes and neurons by activation of ceramide kinase. Mol Cell Neurosci 2014; 59:127-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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10
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Murakami I, Mitsutake S, Kobayashi N, Matsuda J, Suzuki A, Shigyo T, Igarashi Y. Improved high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance by an oral administration of phytosphingosine. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2013; 77:194-7. [PMID: 23291756 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that phytoceramide and phytosphingosine (PHS) stimulated the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in cells. PPARγ is a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. We found in this study that an oral administration of PHS improved diet-induced glucose intolerance in mice. Since PHS is highly expressed in yeast, PHS in fermented foods may improve diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuo Murakami
- Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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11
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Kawaminami S, Breakspear S, Saga Y, Noecker B, Masukawa Y, Tsuchiya M, Oguri M, Inoue Y, Ishikawa K, Okamoto M. Deletion of theSox21gene drastically affects hair lipids. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:974-6. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunro Kawaminami
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories; Kao Corporation; Tochigi; Japan
| | | | - Yumiko Saga
- Division of Mammalian Development; National Institute of Genetics; Shizuoka; Japan
| | | | - Yoshinori Masukawa
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories; Kao Corporation; Tochigi; Japan
| | | | - Masashi Oguri
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories; Kao Corporation; Tochigi; Japan
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories; Kao Corporation; Tochigi; Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ishikawa
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories; Kao Corporation; Wakayama; Japan
| | - Masayuki Okamoto
- Analytical Science Research Laboratories; Kao Corporation; Wakayama; Japan
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Dreesen L, Rinaldi M, Chiers K, Li R, Geurden T, Van den Broeck W, Goddeeris B, Vercruysse J, Claerebout E, Geldhof P. Microarray analysis of the intestinal host response in Giardia duodenalis assemblage E infected calves. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40985. [PMID: 22848418 PMCID: PMC3407150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite Giardia duodenalis being one of the most commonly found intestinal pathogens in humans and animals, little is known about the host-parasite interactions in its natural hosts. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the intestinal response in calves following a G. duodenalis infection, using a bovine high-density oligo microarray to analyze global gene expression in the small intestine. The resulting microarray data suggested a decrease in inflammation, immune response, and immune cell migration in infected animals. These findings were examined in more detail by histological analyses combined with quantitative real-time PCR on a panel of cytokines. The transcription levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-17, and IFN-γ showed a trend of being downregulated in the jejunum of infected animals compared to the negative controls,.No immune cell recruitment could be seen after infection, and no intestinal pathologies, such as villus shortening or increased levels of apoptosis. Possible regulators of this intestinal response are the nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha (PPARα), and gamma (PPARγ) and the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA), all for which an upregulated expression was found in the microarray and qRT-PCR analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leentje Dreesen
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Manuela Rinaldi
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Koen Chiers
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Robert Li
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas Geurden
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Wim Van den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bruno Goddeeris
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jozef Vercruysse
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Edwin Claerebout
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Peter Geldhof
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Ciborowski M, Teul J, Martin-Ventura JL, Egido J, Barbas C. Metabolomics with LC-QTOF-MS permits the prediction of disease stage in aortic abdominal aneurysm based on plasma metabolic fingerprint. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31982. [PMID: 22384120 PMCID: PMC3286447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a permanent and localized aortic dilation, defined as aortic diameter ≥3 cm. It is an asymptomatic but potentially fatal condition because progressive enlargement of the abdominal aorta is spontaneously evolving towards rupture. Biomarkers may help to explain pathological processes of AAA expansion, and allow us to find novel therapeutic strategies or to determine the efficiency of current therapies. Metabolomics seems to be a good approach to find biomarkers of AAA. In this study, plasma samples of patients with large AAA, small AAA, and controls were fingerprinted with LC-QTOF-MS. Statistical analysis was used to compare metabolic fingerprints and select metabolites that showed a significant change. Results presented here reveal that LC-QTOF-MS based fingerprinting of plasma from AAA patients is a very good technique to distinguish small AAA, large AAA, and controls. With the use of validated PLS-DA models it was possible to classify patients according to the disease stage and predict properly the stage of additional AAA patients. Identified metabolites indicate a role for sphingolipids, lysophospholipids, cholesterol metabolites, and acylcarnitines in the development and progression of AAA. Moreover, guanidinosuccinic acid, which mimics nitric oxide in terms of its vasodilatory action, was found as a strong marker of large AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Ciborowski
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Teul
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jose Luis Martin-Ventura
- Vascular Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Vascular Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- CEMBIO (Center for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Murakami I, Wakasa Y, Yamashita S, Kurihara T, Zama K, Kobayashi N, Mizutani Y, Mitsutake S, Shigyo T, Igarashi Y. Phytoceramide and sphingoid bases derived from brewer's yeast Saccharomyces pastorianus activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:150. [PMID: 21861924 PMCID: PMC3176198 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate lipid and glucose metabolism. PPARα is highly expressed in the liver and controls genes involved in lipid catabolism. We previously reported that synthetic sphingolipid analogs, part of which contains shorter-length fatty acid chains than natural sphingolipids, stimulated the transcriptional activities of PPARs. Sphingosine and dihydrosphingosine (DHS) are abundant sphingoid bases, and ceramide and dihydroceramide are major ceramide species in mammals. In contrast, phytosphingosine (PHS) and DHS are the main sphingoid bases in fungi. PHS and phytoceramide exist in particular tissues such as the epidermis in mammals, and involvement of ceramide species in PPARβ activation in cultured keratinocytes has been reported. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether natural sphingolipids with C18 fatty acid and yeast-derived sphingoid bases activate PPARs as PPAR agonists. Method Lipids of brewer's yeast contain PHS- and DHS-based sphingolipids. To obtain the sphingoid bases, lipids were extracted from brewer's yeast and acid-hydrolyzed. The sphingoid base fraction was purified and quantified. To assess the effects of sphingolipids on PPAR activation, luciferase reporter assay was carried out. NIH/3T3 and human hepatoma (HepG2) cells were transfected with expression vectors for PPARs and retinoid × receptors, and PPAR responsive element reporter vector. When indicated, the PPAR/Gal4 chimera system was performed to enhance the credibility of experiments. Sphingolipids were added to the cells and the dual luciferase reporter assay was performed to determine the transcriptional activity of PPARs. Results We observed that phytoceramide increased the transcriptional activities of PPARs significantly, whereas ceramide and dihydroceramide did not change PPAR activities. Phytoceramide also increased transactivation of PPAR/Gal4 chimera receptors. Yeast-derived sphingoid base fraction, which contained PHS and DHS, or authentic PHS or DHS increased PPAR-dependent transcription. Additionally, phytoceramide stimulated PPARα activity in HepG2 hepatocytes, suggesting that phytoceramide activates genes regulated by PPARα. Conclusions Phytoceramide and yeast-derived sphingoid bases activate PPARs, whereas ceramide and dihydroceramide do not change the PPAR activity. The present findings suggest that phytoceramide acts as a PPAR ligand that would regulate PPAR-targeted genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuo Murakami
- Department of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi 11, Kita 21, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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