1
|
Sanna AL, Pachova T, Catellani A, Calzolari A, Sforazzini G. Meta-Substituted Asymmetric Azobenzenes: Insights into Structure-Property Relationship. Molecules 2024; 29:1929. [PMID: 38731420 PMCID: PMC11085191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive investigation into the functionalization of methoxyphenylazobenzene using electron-directing groups located at the meta position relative to the azo group. Spectroscopic analysis of meta-functionalized azobenzenes reveals that the incorporation of electron-withdrawing units significantly influences the absorption spectra of both E and Z isomers, while electron-donating functionalities lead to more subtle changes. The thermal relaxation process from Z to E result in almost twice as prolonged for electron-withdrawing functionalized azobenzenes compared to their electron-rich counterparts. Computational analysis contributes a theoretical understanding of the electronic structure and properties of meta-substituted azobenzenes. This combined approach, integrating experimental and computational techniques, yields significant insights into the structure-property relationship of meta-substituted asymmetrical phenolazobenzenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laura Sanna
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS 554, Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Tatiana Pachova
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Arrigo Calzolari
- CNR-NANO, Istituto Nanoscienze, Via Giuseppe Campi, 213, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sforazzini
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, SS 554, Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Materials, Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ding X, Zhu C, Wang W, Li M, Ma C, Gao B. SIRT1 is a regulator of autophagy: Implications for the progression and treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:106957. [PMID: 37820856 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
SIRT1 is a highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylase. It is involved in the regulation of various pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, autophagy, and oxidative stress. Therapeutic activation of SIRT1 protects the heart and cardiomyocytes from pathology-related stress, particularly myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Autophagy is an important metabolic pathway for cell survival during energy or nutrient deficiency, hypoxia, or oxidative stress. Autophagy is a double-edged sword in myocardial I/R injury. The activation of autophagy during the ischemic phase removes excess metabolic waste and helps ensure cardiomyocyte survival, whereas excessive autophagy during reperfusion depletes the cellular components and leads to autophagic cell death. Increasing research on I/R injury has indicated that SIRT1 is involved in the process of autophagy and regulates myocardial I/R. SIRT1 regulates autophagy through various pathways, such as the deacetylation of FOXOs, ATGs, and LC3. Recent studies have confirmed that SIRT1-mediated autophagy plays different roles at different stages of myocardial I/R injury. By targeting the mechanism of SIRT1-mediated autophagy at different stages of I/R injury, new small-molecule drugs, miRNA activators, or blockers can be developed. For example, resveratrol, sevoflurane, quercetin, and melatonin in the ischemic stage, coptisine, curcumin, berberine, and some miRNAs during reperfusion, were involved in regulating the SIRT1-autophagy axis, exerting a cardioprotective effect. Here, we summarize the possible mechanisms of autophagy regulation by SIRT1 in myocardial I/R injury and the related molecular drug applications to identify strategies for treating myocardial I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ding
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chenyu Zhu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wenhong Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Mengying Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chunwei Ma
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Binghong Gao
- School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim HD, Choi H, Abekura F, Park JY, Yang WS, Yang SH, Kim CH. Naturally-Occurring Tyrosinase Inhibitors Classified by Enzyme Kinetics and Copper Chelation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098226. [PMID: 37175965 PMCID: PMC10178891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are three major assaying methods used to validate in vitro whitening activity from natural products: methods using mushroom tyrosinase, human tyrosinase, and dopachrome tautomerase (or tyrosinase-related protein-2, TRP-2). Whitening agent development consists of two ways, melanin synthesis inhibition in melanocytes and downregulation of melanocyte stimulation. For melanin levels, the melanocyte cell line has been used to examine melanin synthesis with the expression levels of TRP-1 and TRP-2. The proliferation of epidermal surfaced cells and melanocytes is stimulated by cellular signaling receptors, factors, or mediators including endothelin-1, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, nitric oxide, histamine, paired box 3, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, pyrimidine dimer, ceramide, stem cell factors, melanocortin-1 receptor, and cAMP. In addition, the promoter region of melanin synthetic genes including tyrosinase is upregulated by melanocyte-specific transcription factors. Thus, the inhibition of growth and melanin synthesis in gene expression levels represents a whitening research method that serves as an alternative to tyrosinase inhibition. Many researchers have recently presented the bioactivity-guided fractionation, discovery, purification, and identification of whitening agents. Melanogenesis inhibition can be obtained using three different methods: tyrosinase inhibition, copper chelation, and melanin-related protein downregulation. There are currently four different types of inhibitors characterized based on their enzyme inhibition mechanisms: competitive, uncompetitive, competitive/uncompetitive mixed-type, and noncompetitive inhibitors. Reversible inhibitor types act as suicide substrates, where traditional inhibitors are classified as inactivators and reversible inhibitors based on the molecule-recognizing properties of the enzyme. In a minor role, transcription factors can also be downregulated by inhibitors. Currently, the active site copper iron-binding inhibitors such as kojic acid and chalcone exhibit tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Because the tyrosinase catalysis site structure is important for the mechanism determination of tyrosinase inhibitors, understanding the enzyme recognition and inhibitory mechanism of inhibitors is essential for the new development of tyrosinase inhibitors. The present review intends to classify current natural products identified by means of enzyme kinetics and copper chelation to exhibit tyrosinase enzyme inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Do Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Choi
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Fukushi Abekura
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Park
- Environmental Diseases Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong-Suk Yang
- National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology (NINT), POSTECH, 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si 37676, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Yang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, Seoburo 2066, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hwang HJ, Li DD, Lee J, Kang MK, Moon HR, Lee JH. Compounds That Have an Anti-Biofilm Effect against Common Bacteria at Very Low Concentrations and Their Antibiotic Combination Effect. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050853. [PMID: 37237757 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Two synthetic compounds, MHY1383, azo-resveratrol and MHY1387, 5-[4-hydroxy-3,5-methoxybenzy]-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6[1H,5H]-dione have been reported to have an anti-biofilm effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa at very low concentrations (1-10 pM). Here, we investigated the anti-biofilm effects of these compounds in various bacteria. We found that MHY1383 significantly inhibited Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation at 1 pM, 1 nM, and 10 nM, respectively. MHY1387 also inhibited the biofilm formation of E. coli, B. subtilis, and S. aureus at 1 pM, 10 nM, and 100 pM, respectively. Both MHY1383 and MHY1387 showed medium-dependent anti-biofilm effects on Salmonella enterica at high concentrations (10 μM). We also tested the susceptibility to antibiotics by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in various bacteria. When P. aeruginosa, E. coli, B. subtilis, S. enterica, and S. aureus were treated with MHY1383 or MHY1387 in combination with four different antibiotics, the MICs of carbenicillin against B. subtilis and S. aureus were lowered more than two-fold by the combination with MHY1387. However, in all other combinations, the MIC changed within two-fold. The results of this study suggest that MHY1383 and MHY1387 are effective anti-biofilm agents and can be used at very low concentrations against biofilms formed by various types of bacteria. We also suggest that even if a substance that inhibits biofilm is used together with antibiotics, it does not necessarily have the effect of lowering the MIC of the antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Ji Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yousefnejad F, Iraji A, Sabourian R, Moazzam A, Tasharoie S, Sara Mirfazli S, Zomorodian K, Alireza Akhlagh S, Hosseini S, Larijani B, Tehrani MB, Hajimahmoodi M, Mahdavi M. Ugi Bis-Amide Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitor; Synthesis, Biology Assessment, and in Silico Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200607. [PMID: 36538729 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a straightforward synthetic strategy mediated by Ugi reaction was developed to synthesize novel series of compounds as tyrosinase inhibitors. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and CHNOS techniques. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities of all synthesized derivatives 5a-m were determined against mushroom tyrosinase and it was found that derivative 5c possesses the best inhibition with an IC50 value of 69.53±0.042 μM compared to the rest of the synthesized derivatives. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) showed that the presence of 4-MeO or 4-NO2 at the R2 position plays a key role in tyrosinase inhibitory activities. The enzyme kinetics studies showed that compound 5c is an noncompetitive inhibitor. For in silico study, the allosteric site detection was first applied to find the appropriate binding site and then molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies were performed to reveal the position and interactions of 5c as the most potent inhibitor within the tyrosinase active site. The results showed that 5c bind well with the proposed binding site and formed a stable complex with the target protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faeze Yousefnejad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Sabourian
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Moazzam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Tasharoie
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamiar Zomorodian
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Samensadst Hosseini
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Barazandeh Tehrani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mannan Hajimahmoodi
- Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ko J, Lee J, Jung HJ, Ullah S, Jeong Y, Hong S, Kang MK, Park YJ, Hwang Y, Kang D, Park Y, Chun P, Yoo JW, Chung HY, Moon HR. Design and Synthesis of (Z)-5-(Substituted benzylidene)-3-cyclohexyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one Analogues as Anti-Tyrosinase and Antioxidant Compounds: In Vitro and In Silico Insights. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101918. [PMID: 36290640 PMCID: PMC9598926 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many compounds containing the β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl (PUSC) scaffold, including cinnamamide derivatives, have been shown to inhibit tyrosinase potently in vitro and in vivo. Structural changes to cinnamamide derivatives were produced by adding a dithionate functional group to provide eight (Z)-5-(substituted benzylidene)-3-cyclohexyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one analogs with high log p values for skin. These analogs were synthesized using a two-step reaction, and their stereochemistry was confirmed using the 3JC4-Hβ values of C4 measured in proton-coupled 13C mode. Analogs 2 (IC50 = 5.21 ± 0.86 µM) and 3 (IC50 = 1.03 ± 0.14 µM) more potently inhibited mushroom tyrosinase than kojic acid (IC50 = 25.26 ± 1.10 µM). Docking results showed 2 binds strongly to the active site of tyrosinase, while 3 binds strongly to an allosteric site. Kinetic studies using l-tyrosine as substrate indicated 2 and 3 competitively and non-competitively inhibit tyrosinase, respectively, which was supported by our docking results. In B16F10 cells, 3 significantly and concentration-dependently reduced α–MSH plus IBMX induced increases in cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin production and the similarity between these inhibitory patterns implied that the anti-melanogenic effect of 3 might be due to its tyrosinase-inhibitory ability. In addition, 2 and 3 exhibited strong antioxidant effects; for example, they reduced ROS and ONOO– levels and exhibited radical scavenging activities, suggesting that these effects might underlie their anti-melanogenic effects. Furthermore, 3 suppressed the expressions of melanogenesis-associated proteins and genes in B16F10 cells. These results suggest (Z)-5-(substituted benzylidene)-3-cyclohexyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one analogs offer a means of producing novel anti-melanogenesis agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongin Ko
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sultan Ullah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Yeongmu Jeong
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sojeong Hong
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Kang
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yu Jung Park
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - YeJi Hwang
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Dongwan Kang
- New Drug Development Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Yujin Park
- New Drug Development Center, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xia W, Chen K, Zhu YZ, Zhang CJ, Chen YL, Wang F, Xie YY, Hider RC, Zhou T. Antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity of a novel stilbene analogue as an anti-browning agent. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3817-3825. [PMID: 34923627 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosinase inhibitors find potential application in food, cosmetic and medicinal products, but most of the identified tyrosinase inhibitors are not suitable for practical use because of safety regulations or other problems. For the purpose of development of novel tyrosinase inhibitors that meet the requirement for practical application, a novel stilbene analogue (SA) was designed. RESULTS SA was found to possess a potent inhibitory effect against both mono- and diphenolase activities of mushroom tyrosinase, with IC50 values of 1.56 and 7.15 μmol L-1 , respectively. Compared with a natural tyrosinase inhibitor - kojic acid - the anti-tyrosinase effect of SA was significantly improved. Analysis of inhibition kinetics indicated that SA was a reversible and competitive-noncompetitive mixed-type inhibitor. SA was also found to possess more potent antioxidant activities (DPPH, superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability) than those of kojic acid. Cell viability studies revealed that SA was non-toxic to two cell lines. Furthermore, an anti-browning test demonstrated that SA effectively delayed the blackening of shrimp. CONCLUSION SA has potential as an anti-browning agent in foods. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhu Zhu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chang-Jun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu-Lin Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Robert C Hider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Resveratrol and neuroprotection: an insight into prospective therapeutic approaches against Alzheimer's disease from bench to bedside. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4384-4404. [PMID: 35545730 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and cognitive impairment; yet, there is currently no treatment. A buildup of Aβ, tau protein phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in AD is pathogenic. The accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides in these neurocognitive areas is a significant characteristic of the disease. Therefore, inhibiting Aβ peptide aggregation has been proposed as the critical therapeutic approach for AD treatment. Resveratrol has been demonstrated in multiple studies to have a neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant characteristic and the ability to minimize Aβ peptides aggregation and toxicity in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's patients, stimulating neurogenesis and inhibiting hippocampal degeneration. Furthermore, resveratrol's antioxidant effect promotes neuronal development by activating the silent information regulator-1 (SIRT1), which can protect against the detrimental effects of oxidative stress. Resveratrol-induced SIRT1 activation is becoming more crucial in developing novel therapeutic options for AD and other diseases that have neurodegenerative characteristics. This review highlighted a better knowledge of resveratrol's mechanism of action and its promising therapeutic efficacy in treating AD. We also highlighted the therapeutic potential of resveratrol as an AD therapeutic agent, which is effective against neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nikpassand M, Keyhani A, Fekri LZ, Varma RS. Mechanochemical synthesis of azo-linked 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives using Fe3O4@SiO2@KIT-6-NH2@Schiff-base complex nanoparticles. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
10
|
Antipathogenic Compounds That Are Effective at Very Low Concentrations and Have Both Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0024921. [PMID: 34494853 PMCID: PMC8557914 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00249-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a human pathogen, causes both acute and chronic infections that are mediated by virulence factor production and biofilm formation. Since both characteristics of P. aeruginosa are regulated by quorum sensing (QS), we screened 126 synthetic chemicals for anti-QS activity and finally selected the compounds that have both antivirulence and antibiofilm activities. To efficiently screen the chemical library, the following reporter-based bioassay systems were used: the QS- or biofilm-specific promoter-lacZ fusions (lasIp- or PA1897p-lacZ for the QS activity and cdrAp-lacZ for measuring the intracellular c-di-GMP levels). We also measured the production of virulence factors and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. A small-animal infection model using mealworms was also used for virulence analysis. From this screening, MHY1383 and MHY1387 were found to have both antivirulence and antibiofilm activities in P. aeruginosa. Most importantly, MHY1383 and MHY1387 exhibited these activities at very low concentrations, showing a significant anti-QS effect at 100 pM and an antibiofilm effect at 1 to 10 pM. By treating P. aeruginosa with these compounds, the virulence factor production and biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa were significantly reduced. These compounds can be developed as promising antipathogenic and antibiofilm drugs that can be applied in situations where such compounds must be used in an extremely low concentration. Our findings also offer a significant advantage for developing therapeutic agents with few adverse side effects. IMPORTANCE Many antibiotics are increasingly losing their efficacy due to antibiotic resistance mediated by biofilm formation. In this study, we screened a synthetic chemical library and discovered several compounds that have both antivirulence and antibiofilm effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a notorious human pathogen. Two of them had these effects at extremely low concentrations and are expected not to develop resistance, unlike conventional antibiotics, because they have no effect on the growth of bacteria. Our results strongly suggest that these compounds act on the target in a noncompetitive manner, indicating that they are distinct from other previously known quorum sensing inhibitors or biofilm inhibitors. Our findings offer a significant advantage for developing therapeutic agents with few adverse side effects.
Collapse
|
11
|
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of symmetrical azine derivatives as novel tyrosinase inhibitors. BMC Chem 2021; 15:54. [PMID: 34587988 PMCID: PMC8480273 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-021-00780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of symmetrical azine derivatives containing different substituted benzyl moieties were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against tyrosinase. The results showed that compounds 3e, 3f, 3h, 3i, 3j, and 3k possess effective tyrosinase inhibition with IC50 values ranging from 7.30 μM to 62.60 μM. Particularly, compounds 3f displayed around three-fold improvement in the potency (IC50 = 7.30 ± 1.15 μM) compared to that of kojic acid (IC50 = 20.24 ± 2.28 μM) as the positive control. Kinetic study of compound 3f confirmed uncompetitive inhibitory activity towards tyrosinase indicating that it can bind to enzyme–substrate complex. Next, molecular docking analysis was performed to study the interactions and binding mode of the most potent compound 3f in the tyrosinase active site. Besides, the cytotoxicity of 3f, as well as its potency to reduce the melanin content were also measured on invasive melanoma B16F10 cell line. Also, 3f exhibited above 82% cell viability in the A375 cell line at 10 µM. Consequently, compounds 3f could be introduced as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor that might be a promising candidate in the cosmetics, medicine, and food industry.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zeng HJ, Li QY, Ma J, Yang R, Qu LB. A comparative study on the effects of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol against tyrosinase activity and their inhibitory mechanism. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119405. [PMID: 33450449 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol and oxyresveratrol are two natural polyhydroxy trans-stilbene products. Previous studies have shown that both of them can effectively inhibit the activity of tyrosinase. However, little attention has been paid to study the difference of their inhibitory mechanism. To reveal this difference, in this work a comparative study on the inhibitory effects of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol against cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content were investigated by B16F0 cells, and the inhibitory mechanism of them on tyrosinase was revealed by cell-free tyrosinase inhibition, intrinsic fluorescence spectrum, circular dichroism and molecular docking. The results showed that the inhibitory capacity of oxyresveratrol toward tyrosinase activity and melanin formation was better than that of resveratrol. The difference of their inhibitory mechanism may be closely related to the different types of inhibition, the different strength of their interaction with tyrosinase and the different number of hydrogen bonds between them. The data in this study provide a scientific basis for revealing the inhibitory mechanisms of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol toward tyrosinase, and lay an experimental foundation for further development and utilization of them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jin Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Qiong-Yang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jiao Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Ran Yang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Naseem HA, Aziz T, Shah HUR, Ahmad K, Parveen S, Ashfaq M. Rational synthesis and characterization of medicinal phenyl diazenyl-3-hydroxy-1h-inden-1-one azo derivatives and their metal complexes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
14
|
Peng Z, Wang G, Zeng QH, Li Y, Liu H, Wang JJ, Zhao Y. A systematic review of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors and their structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4053-4094. [PMID: 33459057 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1871724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a copper-containing oxidation enzyme, which is responsible for the production of melanin. This enzyme is widely distributed in microorganisms, animals and plants, and plays an essential role in undesirable browning of fruits and vegetables, antibiotic resistance, skin pigment formation, sclerotization of cuticle, neurodegeneration, etc. Hence, it has been recognized as a therapeutic target for the development of antibrowning agents, antibacterial agents, skin-whitening agents, insecticides, and other therapeutic agents. With great potential application in food, agricultural, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, a large number of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors have been widely reported in recent years. In this review, we systematically summarized the advances of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors in the literatures, including their inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, structure-activity relationship (SAR), inhibition kinetics, and interaction mechanisms with the enzyme. The collected information is expected to provide a rational guidance and effective strategy to develop novel, potent and safe tyrosinase inhibitors for better practical applications in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiao-Hui Zeng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Jing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Food Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aza- and Azo-Stilbenes: Bio-Isosteric Analogs of Resveratrol. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030605. [PMID: 32019195 PMCID: PMC7037676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several series of natural polyphenols are described for their biological and therapeutic potential. Natural stilbenoid polyphenols, such as trans-resveratrol, pterostilbene and piceatannol are well-known for their numerous biological activities. However, their moderate bio-availabilities, especially for trans-resveratrol, prompted numerous research groups to investigate innovative and relevant synthetic resveratrol derivatives. This review is focused on isosteric resveratrol analogs aza-stilbenes and azo-stilbenes in which the C=C bond between both aromatic rings was replaced with C=N or N=N bonds, respectively. In each series, synthetic ways will be displayed, and structural sights will be highlighted and compared with those of resveratrol. The biological activities of some of these molecules will be presented as well as their potential therapeutic applications. In some cases, structure-activity relationships will be discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zolghadri S, Bahrami A, Hassan Khan MT, Munoz-Munoz J, Garcia-Molina F, Garcia-Canovas F, Saboury AA. A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:279-309. [PMID: 30734608 PMCID: PMC6327992 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1545767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a multi-copper enzyme which is widely distributed in different organisms and plays an important role in the melanogenesis and enzymatic browning. Therefore, its inhibitors can be attractive in cosmetics and medicinal industries as depigmentation agents and also in food and agriculture industries as antibrowning compounds. For this purpose, many natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have been developed by different screening methods to date. This review has focused on the tyrosinase inhibitors discovered from all sources and biochemically characterised in the last four decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Zolghadri
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Asieh Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - J. Munoz-Munoz
- Group of Microbiology, Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University at Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - F. Garcia-Molina
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - F. Garcia-Canovas
- GENZ-Group of Research on Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong X, Wang S, Xu L, Lin J, Xu X. Inhibitory mechanism of Penicillin V on mushroom tyrosinase. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:967-975. [PMID: 31749120 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Penicillin V is a bacteriolytic β-lactam antibiotic drug. In the present work, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Penicillin V on the activity of mushroom tyrosinase for the first time. The molecular mechanism for the inhibition of tyrosinase by Penicillin V was investigated by means of kinetics analysis, fluorescence quenching and molecular docking techniques. The results showed that Penicillin V could inhibit both monophenolase and diphenolase activities with IC50 of 16.6 ± 0.5 and 11.0 ± 0.2 mmol/L, respectively. The inhibitory type of Penicillin V on mushroom was mixed type, and the values of KI and KIS were 13.46 and 17.26 mmol/L, respectively. The fluorescence quenching and molecular docking showed that Penicillin V could form static interaction near the catalytic pocket of the enzyme to hinder the transportation of substrate to the active site, as well as reduce the copper plasticity for catalysis. Our results contributed to the usage of Penicillin V as a novel tyrosinase inhibitor with dual effect in field of antimicrobial and food preservation and could also provide guidance for the design of novel tyrosinase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Dong
- Tuolong Biotechnological Developmental Ltd Co., Guangzhou, 510800, China
| | - Shaoyu Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Lian Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Juan Lin
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
| | - Xinqi Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pourhanifeh MH, Shafabakhsh R, Reiter RJ, Asemi Z. The Effect of Resveratrol on Neurodegenerative Disorders: Possible Protective Actions Against Autophagy, Apoptosis, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:2178-2191. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190717110932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the loss of neuronal function is rapidly
increasing. The pathogenesis of the majority of these diseases is not entirely clear, but current evidence has
shown the possibility that autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress are involved. The present
review summarizes the therapeutic effects of resveratrol on neurodegenerative disorders, based on the especially
molecular biology of these diseases. The PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Scopus databases were
searched for studies published in English until March 30th, 2019 that contained data for the role of inflammation,
oxidative stress, angiogenesis and apoptosis in the neurodegenerative disorders. There are also studies documenting
the role of molecular processes in the progression of central nervous system diseases. Based on current evidence,
resveratrol has potential properties that may reduce cell damage due to inflammation. This polyphenol
affects cellular processes, including autophagy and the apoptosis cascade under stressful conditions. Current
evidence supports the beneficial effects of resveratrol on the therapy of neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kim SJ, Yang J, Lee S, Park C, Kang D, Akter J, Ullah S, Kim YJ, Chun P, Moon HR. The tyrosinase inhibitory effects of isoxazolone derivatives with a (Z)-β-phenyl-α, β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3882-3889. [PMID: 29907470 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen (Z)-4-(substituted benzylidene)-3-phenylisoxazol-5(4H)-ones were designed to confirm the geometric effect of the double bond of the β-phenyl-α, β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold on tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Compounds 1a-1m, which all possessed the (Z)-β-phenyl-α, β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold, were synthesized using a tandem reaction consisting of an isoxazolone ring formation and a Knoevenagel condensation, and three starting materials, ethyl benzoylacetate, hydroxylamine and benzaldehydes. Some of the compounds showed inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase as potent as compounds containing the "(E)"-β-phenyl-α, β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold. Compounds 1c and 1m showed greater inhibitory activity than kojic acid: IC50 = 32.08 ± 2.25 μM for 1c; IC50 = 14.62 ± 1.38 μM for 1m; and IC50 = 37.86 ± 2.21 μM for kojic acid. A kinetic study indicated that 1m inhibited tyrosinase in a competitive manner and that it probably binds to the enzyme's active site. In silico docking simulation supported binding of 1m (-7.6 kcal/mol) to the active site of tyrosinase with stronger affinity than kojic acid (-5.7 kcal/mol). Similar results were obtained using cell-based assays, and in B16F10 cells, compound 1m dose-dependently inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis. These results indicate the anti-melanogenic effect of compound 1m is due to the inhibition of tyrosinase and (Z)-isomer of the β-phenyl-α, β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold can, like its congener the (E)-isomer, act as an excellent scaffold for tyrosinase inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Jeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jungho Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sanggwon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Chaeun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Dongwan Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jinia Akter
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Sultan Ullah
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Jeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea
| | - Pusoon Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea.
| | - Hyung Ryong Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Arslan T. Synthesis and Characterisation of New Sulfonamide Chalcones Containing an azo Group. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3184/174751918x15269091219930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterisation of a new type of chalcone bearing a –N=N– bond is reported using an environmentally benign approach. The synthesis consists of two steps. ( E)-4-((5-acetyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonamide was synthesised by an easy structural modification of sulfanilamide. The key step then involved the solvent-free Claisen–Schmidt condensation of benzaldehydes to form the chalcones. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by FTIR, NMR and MS spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayfun Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Art and Science Faculty, Giresun University, 28200-Giresun, Turkey Department of Textile, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Giresun University, 28049-Giresun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Eisel B, Hartrampf FWW, Meier T, Trauner D. Reversible optical control of F 1 F o -ATP synthase using photoswitchable inhibitors. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:343-355. [PMID: 29292505 PMCID: PMC6175411 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
F1 Fo -ATP synthase is one of the best studied macromolecular machines in nature. It can be inhibited by a range of small molecules, which include the polyphenols, resveratrol and piceatannol. Here, we introduce Photoswitchable Inhibitors of ATP Synthase, termed PIAS, which were synthetically derived from these polyphenols. They can be used to reversibly control the enzymatic activity of purified yeast Yarrowia lipolyticaATP synthase by light. Our experiments indicate that the PIAS bind to the same site in the ATP synthase F1 complex as the polyphenols in their trans form, but they do not bind in their cis form. The PIAS could be useful tools for the optical precision control of ATP synthase in a variety of biochemical and biotechnological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Eisel
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | | | - Thomas Meier
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, New York University, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pillaiyar T, Manickam M, Namasivayam V. Skin whitening agents: medicinal chemistry perspective of tyrosinase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:403-425. [PMID: 28097901 PMCID: PMC6010116 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1256882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis is a process to synthesize melanin, which is a primary responsible for the pigmentation of human skin, eye and hair. Although numerous enzymatic catalyzed and chemical reactions are involved in melanogenesis process, the enzymes such as tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2 played a major role in melanin synthesis. Specifically, tyrosinase is a key enzyme, which catalyzes a rate-limiting step of the melanin synthesis, and the downregulation of tyrosinase is the most prominent approach for the development of melanogenesis inhibitors. Therefore, numerous inhibitors that target tyrosinase have been developed in recent years. The review focuses on the recent discovery of tyrosinase inhibitors that are directly involved in the inhibition of tyrosinase catalytic activity and functionality from all sources, including laboratory synthetic methods, natural products, virtual screening and structure-based molecular docking studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Manoj Manickam
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jia Y, Wang N, Liu X. Resveratrol and Amyloid-Beta: Mechanistic Insights. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101122. [PMID: 29036903 PMCID: PMC5691738 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid-beta (Aβ) hypothesis that dyshomeostasis between Aβ production and clearance is a very early, key molecular factor in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been proposed and examined in the AD research field. Scientists have focused on seeking natural products or drugs to influence the dynamic equilibrium of Aβ, targeting production and clearance of Aβ. There is emerging evidence that resveratrol (Res), a naturally occurring polyphenol mainly found in grapes and red wine, acts on AD in numerous in vivo and in vitro models. Res decreases the amyloidogenic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), enhances clearance of amyloid beta-peptides, and reduces Aβ aggregation. Moreover, Res also protects neuronal functions through its antioxidant properties. This review discusses the action of Res on Aβ production, clearance and aggregation and multiple potential mechanisms, providing evidence of the useful of Res for AD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Jia
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
| | - Xuewei Liu
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pillaiyar T, Manickam M, Jung SH. Recent development of signaling pathways inhibitors of melanogenesis. Cell Signal 2017; 40:99-115. [PMID: 28911859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human skin, eye and hair color rely on the production of melanin, depending on its quantity, quality, and distribution, Melanin plays a monumental role in protecting the skin against the harmful effect of ultraviolet radiation and oxidative stress from various environmental pollutants. However, an excessive production of melanin causes serious dermatological problems such as freckles, solar lentigo (age spots), melasma, as well as cancer. Hence, the regulation of melanin production is important for controlling the hyper-pigmentation. Melanogenesis, a biosynthetic pathway to produce melanin pigment in melanocyte, involves a series of intricate enzymatic and chemical catalyzed reactions. Several extrinsic factors include ultraviolet radiation and chemical drugs, and intrinsic factors include molecules secreted by surrounding keratinocytes or melanocytes, and fibroblasts, all of which regulate melanogenesis. This article reviews recent advances in the development of melanogenesis inhibitors that directly/indirectly target melanogenesis-related signaling pathways. Efforts have been made to provide a description of the mechanism of action of inhibitors on various melanogenesis signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Manoj Manickam
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National, University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National, University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Joko S, Watanabe M, Fuda H, Takeda S, Furukawa T, Hui SP, Shrestha R, Chiba H. Comparison of chemical structures and cytoprotection abilities between direct and indirect antioxidants. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
26
|
Synthesis and anticancer activity of new azo compounds containing extended π-conjugated systems. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
27
|
Abstract
Polyphenols are a widely used class of compounds in dermatology. While phenol itself, the most basic member of the phenol family, is chemically synthesized, most polyphenolic compounds are found in plants and form part of their defense mechanism against decomposition. Polyphenolic compounds, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans, play an integral role in preventing the attack on plants by bacteria and fungi, as well as serving as cross-links in plant polymers. There is also mounting evidence that polyphenolic compounds play an important role in human health as well. One of the most important benefits, which puts them in the spotlight of current studies, is their antitumor profile. Some of these polyphenolic compounds have already presented promising results in either in vitro or in vivo studies for non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma. These compounds act on several biomolecular pathways including cell division cycle arrest, autophagy, and apoptosis. Indeed, such natural compounds may be of potential for both preventive and therapeutic fields of cancer. This review evaluates the existing scientific literature in order to provide support for new research opportunities using polyphenolic compounds in oncodermatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Costa
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael Yi Bonner
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Arslan T, Çelik G, Çelik H, Şentürk M, Yaylı N, Ekinci D. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Bischalcone Derivatives as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:741-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tayfun Arslan
- Technical Sciences Vocational School; Giresun University; Giresun Turkey
| | - Gonca Çelik
- Department of Chemistry; Karadeniz Technical University; Trabzon Turkey
| | - Habip Çelik
- Department of Chemistry; Agri Ibrahim Cecen University; Agri Turkey
| | - Murat Şentürk
- Department of Chemistry; Agri Ibrahim Cecen University; Agri Turkey
| | - Nurettin Yaylı
- Department of Pharmacy; Karadeniz Technical University; Trabzon Turkey
| | - Deniz Ekinci
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu P, Shu C, Liu L, Huang Q, Peng Y. Design and synthesis of thiourea derivatives with sulfur-containing heterocyclic scaffolds as potential tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1866-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
30
|
Ahmed T, Javed S, Javed S, Tariq A, Šamec D, Tejada S, Nabavi SF, Braidy N, Nabavi SM. Resveratrol and Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanistic Insights. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2622-2635. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
31
|
Ortiz-Ruiz CV, Ballesta de Los Santos M, Berna J, Fenoll J, Garcia-Ruiz PA, Tudela J, Garcia-Canovas F. Kinetic characterization of oxyresveratrol as a tyrosinase substrate. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:828-36. [PMID: 26450473 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxyresveratrol is a stilbenoid described as a powerful inhibitor of tyrosinase and proposed as skin-whitening and anti-browning agent. However, the enzyme is capable of acting on it, considering it as a substrate, as it has been proved in the case of its analogous resveratrol. Tyrosinase hydroxylates the oxyresveratrol to an o-diphenol and oxidizes the latter to an o-quinone, which finally isomerizes to p-quinone. For these reactions to take place the presence of the Eox (oxy-tyrosinase) form is necessary. The kinetic analysis of the proposed mechanism has allowed the kinetic characterization of this molecule as a substrate of tyrosinase, affording a catalytic constant of 5.39 ± 0.21 sec(-1) and a Michaelis constant of 8.65 ± 0.73 µM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Vanessa Ortiz-Ruiz
- GENZ: Grupo De Investigación Enzimología, Departamento De Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad De Biología, Campus De Excelencia Internacional "Mare Nostrum", Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Ballesta de Los Santos
- GENZ: Grupo De Investigación Enzimología, Departamento De Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad De Biología, Campus De Excelencia Internacional "Mare Nostrum", Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Grupo De Química Orgánica Sintética. Departamento De Química Orgánica. Facultad De Química, Campus De Excelencia Internacional "Mare Nostrum", Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Fenoll
- IMIDA: Instituto Murciano De Investigación Y Desarrollo Agrario Y Alimentario, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Antonio Garcia-Ruiz
- QCPAI: Grupo De Química De Carbohidratos, Polímeros Y Aditivos Industriales, Departamento De Química Orgánica. Facultad De Química, Campus De Excelencia Internacional "Mare Nostrum", Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Tudela
- GENZ: Grupo De Investigación Enzimología, Departamento De Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad De Biología, Campus De Excelencia Internacional "Mare Nostrum", Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Garcia-Canovas
- GENZ: Grupo De Investigación Enzimología, Departamento De Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad De Biología, Campus De Excelencia Internacional "Mare Nostrum", Universidad De Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li C, Cho J, Yamada K, Hashizume D, Araoka F, Takezoe H, Aida T, Ishida Y. Macroscopic ordering of helical pores for arraying guest molecules noncentrosymmetrically. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8418. [PMID: 26416086 PMCID: PMC4598726 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Helical nanostructures have attracted continuous attention, not only as media for chiral recognition and synthesis, but also as motifs for studying intriguing physical phenomena that never occur in centrosymmetric systems. To improve the quality of signals from these phenomena, which is a key issue for their further exploration, the most straightforward is the macroscopic orientation of helices. Here as a versatile scaffold to rationally construct this hardly accessible structure, we report a polymer framework with helical pores that unidirectionally orient over a large area (∼10 cm(2)). The framework, prepared by crosslinking a supramolecular liquid crystal preorganized in a magnetic field, is chemically robust, functionalized with carboxyl groups and capable of incorporating various basic or cationic guest molecules. When a nonlinear optical chromophore is incorporated in the framework, the resultant complex displays a markedly efficient nonlinear optical output, owing to the coherence of signals ensured by the macroscopically oriented helical structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunji Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Joonil Cho
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kuniyo Yamada
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Fumito Araoka
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Hideo Takezoe
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-S8-42 O-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishida
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu Q, Kim C, Jo YH, Kim SB, Hwang BY, Lee MK. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Resveratrol Derivatives as Melanogenesis Inhibitors. Molecules 2015; 20:16933-45. [PMID: 26393543 PMCID: PMC6332419 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (1), a naturally occurring stilbene compound, has been suggested as a potential whitening agent with strong inhibitory activity on melanin synthesis. However, the use of resveratrol in cosmetics has been limited due to its chemical instability and poor bioavailability. Therefore, resveratrol derivatives were prepared to improve bioavailability and anti-melanogenesis activity. Nine resveratrol derivatives including five alkyl ether derivatives with C2H5, C4H9, C5H11, C6H13, and C8H17 (2a–2e) and four ester derivatives with CH3, CH=C(CH3)2, CH(C2H5)C4H9, C7H15 (3a–3d) were newly synthesized and their effect on melanin synthesis were assessed. All the synthetic derivatives efficiently reduced the melanin content in α-MSH stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. Further investigation showed that the inhibitory effect of 2a on melanin synthesis was achieved not by the inhibition of tyrosinase activity but by the inhibition of melanogenic enzyme expressions such as tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1. Our synthetic resveratrol derivatives have more lipophilic properties than resveratrol by the addition of alkyl or acyl chains to free hydroxyl moiety of resveratrol; thus, they are expected to show better bioavailability in skin application. Therefore, we suggest that our synthetic resveratrol derivatives might be promising candidates for better practical application to skin-whitening cosmetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | | | - Yang Hee Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Seon Beom Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mutoh K, Arai H, Kobayashi Y, Abe J. Photo-control of the thermal radical recombination reaction: photochromism of an azobenzene-bridged imidazole dimer. PURE APPL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2014-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAmong various kinds of photochromic compounds, bridged imidazole dimers have been known as fast photo-switch molecules. Bridged imidazole dimers have opened up various potential applications to photochromic lenses and real-time holographic displays. The optical properties of bridged imidazole dimers strongly depend on the bridging moiety to tether two imidazole rings. Therefore, the control of the bridging structure by introducing another photochromic moiety would increase the versatility of bridged imidazole dimers. In this study, we designed and synthesized a new type of the bridged imidazole dimer 1 which has the azobenzene moiety as the photo-responsive linker. The cis–trans isomerization of the azobenzene moiety enables to change the distance between the photogenerated radical pairs. The two structural isomers, cis–1 and trans–1, are observed and both compounds undergo the photochromism to produce the imidazolyl radicals. We found that the two imidazolyl radicals generated from cis–1 are close enough to form the intramolecular C–N bond, whereas the imidazolyl radicals of trans–1 undergo the intermolecular recombination reaction due to the long distance between the radicals. Our results demonstrate the control of intra-/intermolecular radical recombination reactions by the combination of the two photochromic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Mutoh
- 1Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Hiroki Arai
- 1Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kobayashi
- 1Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Singh G, Saroa A, Girdhar S, Rani S, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Sahoo SC. Incorporation of azo group at axial position of silatranes: synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amandeep Saroa
- Department of Chemistry; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Shally Girdhar
- Department of Chemistry; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Sunita Rani
- Department of Chemistry; Panjab University; Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Duane Choquesillo-Lazarte
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalográficos, IACT; CSIC-University of Granada; Avenida de las Palmeras 4 18100 Armilla (Granada) Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Tyrosinase plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of melanin pigment synthesis on skin utilizing tyrosine as a substrate. Melanin is responsible for the protection against harmful ultraviolet irradiation, which can cause significant pathological conditions, such as skin cancers. However, it can also create esthetic problems when accumulated as hyperpigmented spots. Various skin-whitening ingredients which inhibit tyrosinase activity have been identified. Some of them, especially ones with natural product origins, possess phenolic moiety and have been employed in cosmetic products. Semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have also been developed under inspiration of the natural inhibitors yet some of which have no phenolic groups. In this review, tyrosinase inhibitors with natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic origins are listed up with their structures, activities and characteristics. Further, a recent report on the adverse effect of a natural melanin synthesis inhibitor which was included in skin-whitening cosmetics is also briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yeul Lee
- a Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , Gyeonggi-do , South Korea
| | - Namhuk Baek
- a Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , Gyeonggi-do , South Korea
| | - Tae-gyu Nam
- a Department of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan , Gyeonggi-do , South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lee YC, Hsiao NW, Tseng TS, Chen WC, Lin HH, Leu SJ, Yang EW, Tsai KC. Phage display-mediated discovery of novel tyrosinase-targeting tetrapeptide inhibitors reveals the significance of N-terminal preference of cysteine residues and their functional sulfur atom. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 87:218-30. [PMID: 25403678 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.094185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosinase, a key copper-containing enzyme involved in melanin biosynthesis, is closely associated with hyperpigmentation disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, and as such, it is an essential target in medicine and cosmetics. Known tyrosinase inhibitors possess adverse side effects, and there are no safety regulations; therefore, it is necessary to develop new inhibitors with fewer side effects and less toxicity. Peptides are exquisitely specific to their in vivo targets, with high potencies and relatively few off-target side effects. Thus, we systematically and comprehensively investigated the tyrosinase-inhibitory abilities of N- and C-terminal cysteine/tyrosine-containing tetrapeptides by constructing a phage-display random tetrapeptide library and conducting computational molecular docking studies on novel tyrosinase tetrapeptide inhibitors. We found that N-terminal cysteine-containing tetrapeptides exhibited the most potent tyrosinase-inhibitory abilities. The positional preference of cysteine residues at the N terminus in the tetrapeptides significantly contributed to their tyrosinase-inhibitory function. The sulfur atom in cysteine moieties of N- and C-terminal cysteine-containing tetrapeptides coordinated with copper ions, which then tightly blocked substrate-binding sites. N- and C-terminal tyrosine-containing tetrapeptides functioned as competitive inhibitors against mushroom tyrosinase by using the phenol ring of tyrosine to stack with the imidazole ring of His263, thus competing for the substrate-binding site. The N-terminal cysteine-containing tetrapeptide CRVI exhibited the strongest tyrosinase-inhibitory potency (with an IC50 of 2.7 ± 0.5 μM), which was superior to those of the known tyrosinase inhibitors (arbutin and kojic acid) and outperformed kojic acid-tripeptides, mimosine-FFY, and short-sequence oligopeptides at inhibiting mushroom tyrosinase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Lee
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| | - Nai-Wan Hsiao
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| | - Tien-Sheng Tseng
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| | - Wang-Chuan Chen
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| | - Hui-Hsiung Lin
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| | - Sy-Jye Leu
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| | - Ei-Wen Yang
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Antibody and Hybridoma Core Facility (Y.-C.L.), and Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine (S.-J.L.), Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan (N.-W.H., T.-S.T., H.-H.L.); National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (T.-S.T., H.-H.L., K.-C.T.); The School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (W.-C.C.); and Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California (E.-W.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lee TH, Seo JO, Do MH, Ji E, Baek SH, Kim SY. Resveratrol-Enriched Rice Down-Regulates Melanin Synthesis in UVB-Induced Guinea Pigs Epidermal Skin Tissue. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:431-7. [PMID: 25414774 PMCID: PMC4201217 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic compounds that are used in the clinic to regulate skin hyperpigmentation, such as arbutin, hydroquinone, and kojic acid, are only moderately effective. But, their use is limited by side effects. As part of an effort to overcome the limitations, we developed resveratrol-enriched rice (RR) using genetic engineering technique. Each of resveratrol and rice has been reported to produce anti-melanogenic effects. Therefore, we hypothesized that RR would show more anti-melanogenic effects than those of resveratrol or rice alone. Anti-melanogenic effect of RR was done by using melan-a mouse melanocytes. The depigmenting efficacy was then observed following topical application of the RR to UVB-stimulated hyperpigmented dorsal skin of guinea pigs. Treatment with RR extract resulted a 21.4 ± 0.7% decrease in tyrosinase expression at melan-a cells. Colorimetric analysis showed a significantly lower depigmenting value by day 9 following treatment with RR in UVB-irradiated guinea pigs the dorsal skin (p<0.01), indicating that RR produced a depigmentation effect. By staining with Fontana-Masson stain, we found that the RR-treated group had more effect histopathologically in epidermal melanin production than resveratrol or rice alone-treated group. RR was associated with reduction in the levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and downregulation of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein (TRP-2) expression, leading to inhibit epidermal melanin production by western blot analysis. This study suggests that the resveratrol-enriched rice may be a promising candidate in regulating skin pigmentation with UVB exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taek Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon 406-840
| | - Jae Ok Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799
| | - Moon Ho Do
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799
| | - Eunhee Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799
| | - So-Hyeon Baek
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Iksan 570-080
| | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799 ; Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Inchon 405-760 ; Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of hydroxy- or methoxy-substituted 5-benzylidene(thio) barbiturates as novel tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3279-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
40
|
Erfantalab M, Khanmohammadi H. New 1,2,4-triazole-based azo-azomethine dye. Part III: Synthesis, characterization, thermal property, spectrophotometric and computational studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 125:345-352. [PMID: 24577255 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new 1,2,4-triazole-based azo-azomethine compound, H2L, has been prepared by condensation reaction of 1-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenylazo)-4-ethylbenzene with prepared triazole-based diamine. The structure of H2L was characterized by using FT-IR, UV-Vis and (1)H NMR spectroscopic methods as well as elemental analysis. Hard model chemometrics method has been used to determine the formation constants of zinc(II), copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II) complexes of H2L in DMSO by UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. Solvatochromic behavior of the dye has been also investigated in some organic solvents with different polarities. Thermal properties of the prepared dye was examined by thermogravimetric analysis. Results indicated that the framework of the dye was stable up to 245 °C. Furthermore,(1)H chemical shifts and UV-Vis of H2L were studied by the gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO), continuous set of gauge transformations (CSGT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) methods respectively at the level of density functional theory using B3LYP/6-311+G(d) basis sets in DMSO. The computational data are in reasonably good agreement with the experimental data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Erfantalab
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
| | - Hamid Khanmohammadi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mendes E, Perry MDJ, Francisco AP. Design and discovery of mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors and their therapeutic applications. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:533-54. [PMID: 24708040 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.907789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tyrosinase inhibitors could have a huge importance in medicine, cosmetics and agriculture. Although many tyrosinase inhibitors are available, they have demonstrated only mild efficacy and safety concerns. This has led to the discovery of novel tyrosinase inhibitors that are more safe, potent and efficacious. AREAS COVERED The authors provide an overview of the recent scientific accounts describing the design of new molecules. These compounds belong to different chemical families. The review emphasizes the rationale behind the discovery, the study of structure-activity relationships, the study of the mechanism and kinetic of inhibition and the cellular effect of the inhibitors. The article is based on the literature published from 2007 onward related with the development of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION Although a great number of tyrosinase inhibitors have been published in the literature, none, as of yet, have reached the potency and safety requirements needed to enter clinical trials. The emergence of new in vitro and in vivo tests will finally allow the arrival of new compounds that are more potent and safe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Mendes
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Department of Toxicological and Bromatological Sciences , Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa , Portugal
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Patil S, Srinivas S, Jadhav J. Evaluation of crocin and curcumin affinity on mushroom tyrosinase using surface plasmon resonance. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 65:163-6. [PMID: 24444880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase inhibitors have potential applications in the cosmetics and food industries for preventing browning reactions and also as therapeutic drugs for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's. In this article, crocin and curcumin were evaluated as mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors. Results showed that, both compounds strongly inhibited the diphenolase activity than monophenolase. The IC50 values for diphenolase activity were estimated to be 0.11 mM and 0.18 mM for crocin and curcumin respectively. The binding kinetics of crocin and curcumin was studied with mushroom tyrosinase using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Tyrosinase was immobilized on the gold surface of a Biacore sensor chip through amine coupling. Binding of inhibitors was analyzed by SPR without the need to further modify the surface or the use of other reagents. The binding constant KD (M) for mushroom tyrosinase obtained was 1.21×10(-4) M for crocin and 1.64×10(-4) M for curcumin, while showing a higher affinity for L-DOPA 1.95×10(-8) M, a substrate for tyrosinase (positive control). The study reveals the SPR sensor's ability to detect binding of the inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushama Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India
| | - Sistla Srinivas
- GE Healthcare Life Sciences, John F Welch Technology Centre, EPIP, Phase 2, Whitefield Road, Bangalore 560048, India
| | - Jyoti Jadhav
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India; Department of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhou Z, Zhuo J, Yan S, Ma L. Design and synthesis of 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles as new tyrosinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2156-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|