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Zamanian MY, Golmohammadi M, Abdullaev B, García MO, Alazbjee AAA, Kumar A, Mohaamed SS, Hussien BM, Khalaj F, Hodaei SM, Shirsalimi N, Moriasi G. A narrative review on therapeutic potential of naringenin in colorectal cancer: Focusing on molecular and biochemical processes. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4011. [PMID: 38583080 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and highly metastatic cancer affecting people worldwide. Drug resistance and unwanted side effects are some of the limitations of current treatments for CRC. Naringenin (NAR) is a naturally occurring compound found in abundance in various citrus fruits such as oranges, grapefruits, and tomatoes. It possesses a diverse range of pharmacological and biological properties that are beneficial for human health. Numerous studies have highlighted its antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, making it a subject of interest in scientific research. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of NAR on CRC. The study's findings indicated that NAR: (1) interacts with estrogen receptors, (2) regulates the expression of genes related to the p53 signaling pathway, (3) promotes apoptosis by increasing the expression of proapoptotic genes (Bax, caspase9, and p53) and downregulation of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2, (4) inhibits the activity of enzymes involved in cell survival and proliferation, (5) decreases cyclin D1 levels, (6) reduces the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk4, Cdk6, and Cdk7) and antiapoptotic genes (Bcl2, x-IAP, and c-IAP-2) in CRC cells. In vitro CDK2 binding assay was also performed, showing that the NAR derivatives had better inhibitory activities on CDK2 than NAR. Based on the findings of this study, NAR is a potential therapeutic agent for CRC. Additional pharmacology and pharmacokinetics studies are required to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action of NAR and establish the most suitable dose for subsequent clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Central Asian Center of Development Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- School of Medicine, Central Asian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiology, Samarkand State Medical University
| | - María Olalla García
- Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Ser Humano, Carrera de Enfermería, CP, Guaranda, Ecuador
| | | | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sameer S Mohaamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Fattaneh Khalaj
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niyousha Shirsalimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gervason Moriasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
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Hao B, Yang Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang S. Advances in Flavonoid Research: Sources, Biological Activities, and Developmental Prospectives. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2884-2925. [PMID: 38666911 PMCID: PMC11049524 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, the occurrence of a large number of infectious and non-communicable diseases poses a serious threat to human health as well as to drug development for the treatment of these diseases. One of the most significant challenges is finding new drug candidates that are therapeutically effective and have few or no side effects. In this respect, the active compounds in medicinal plants, especially flavonoids, are potentially useful compounds with a wide range of pharmacological activities. They are naturally present in nature and valuable in the treatment of many infectious and non-communicable diseases. Flavonoids are divided into fourteen categories and are mainly derived from plant extraction, chemical synthesis and structural modification, and biosynthesis. The structural modification of flavonoids is an important way to discover new drugs, but biosynthesis is currently considered the most promising research direction with the potential to revolutionize the new production pipeline in the synthesis of flavonoids. However, relevant problems such as metabolic pathway analyses and cell synthesis protocols for flavonoids need to be addressed on an urgent basis. In the present review, new research techniques for assessing the biological activities of flavonoids and the mechanisms of their biological activities are elucidated and their modes of interaction with other drugs are described. Moreover, novel drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, bioparticles, colloidals, etc., are gradually becoming new means of addressing the issues of poor hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, poor chemical stability, and low bioavailability of flavonoids. The present review summarizes the latest research progress on flavonoids, existing problems with their therapeutic efficacy, and how these issues can be solved with the research on flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (B.H.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
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3
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Motallebi M, Bhia M, Rajani HF, Bhia I, Tabarraei H, Mohammadkhani N, Pereira-Silva M, Kasaii MS, Nouri-Majd S, Mueller AL, Veiga FJB, Paiva-Santos AC, Shakibaei M. Naringenin: A potential flavonoid phytochemical for cancer therapy. Life Sci 2022; 305:120752. [PMID: 35779626 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin is an important phytochemical which belongs to the flavanone group of polyphenols, and is found mainly in citrus fruits like grapefruits and others such as tomatoes and cherries plus medicinal plants derived food. Available evidence demonstrates that naringenin, as herbal medicine, has important pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-cancer activities. Collected data from in vitro and in vivo studies show the inactivation of carcinogens after treatment with pure naringenin, naringenin-loaded nanoparticles, and also naringenin in combination with anti-cancer agents in various malignancies, such as colon cancer, lung neoplasms, breast cancer, leukemia and lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate tumors, oral squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, brain tumors, skin cancer, cervical and ovarian cancer, bladder neoplasms, gastric cancer, and osteosarcoma. Naringenin inhibits cancer progression through multiple mechanisms, like apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest, angiogenesis hindrance, and modification of various signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, NF-ĸB, and TGF-β pathways. In this review, we demonstrate that naringenin is a natural product with potential for the treatment of different types of cancer, whether it is used alone, in combination with other agents, or in the form of the naringenin-loaded nanocarrier, after proper technological encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahzad Motallebi
- Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 7616911319, Iran; Department of Biology, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1815163111, Iran
| | - Mohammed Bhia
- Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 7616911319, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1996835113, Iran
| | - Huda Fatima Rajani
- Department of Immunology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E0T5, Canada
| | - Iman Bhia
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Hadi Tabarraei
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Science, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon SKS7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Niloufar Mohammadkhani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Miguel Pereira-Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maryam Sadat Kasaii
- Department of Nutrition Research, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center); and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Nouri-Majd
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14155-6117, Iran
| | - Anna-Lena Mueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Francisco J B Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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Rauf A, Shariati MA, Imran M, Bashir K, Khan SA, Mitra S, Emran TB, Badalova K, Uddin MS, Mubarak MS, Aljohani ASM, Alhumaydhi FA, Derkho M, Korpayev S, Zengin G. Comprehensive review on naringenin and naringin polyphenols as a potent anticancer agent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31025-31041. [PMID: 35119637 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Though the incidence of several cancers in Western societies is regulated wisely, some cancers such as breast, lung, and colorectal cancer are currently rising in many low- and middle-income countries due to increased risk factors triggered by societal and development problems. Surgery, chemotherapy, hormone, radiation, and targeted therapies are examples of traditional cancer treatment approaches. However, multiple short- and long-term adverse effects may also significantly affect patient prognosis depending on treatment-associated clinical factors. More and more research has been carried out to find new therapeutic agents in natural products, among which the bioactive compounds derived from plants have been increasingly studied. Naringin and naringenin are abundantly found in citrus fruits, such as oranges and grapefruits. A variety of cell signaling pathways mediates their anti-carcinogenic properties. Naringin and naringenin were also documented to overcome multidrug resistance, one of the major challenges to clinical practice due to multiple defense mechanisms in cancer. The effective parameters underlying the anticancer effects of naringenin and naringin include GSK3β inactivation, suppression of the gene and protein activation of NF-kB and COX-2, JAK2/STAT3 downregulation, downregulation of intracellular adhesion molecules-1, upregulation of Notch1 and tyrocite-specific genes, and activation of p38/MAPK and caspase-3. Thus, this review outlines the potential of naringin and naringenin in managing different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi, 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management, The First Cossack University), 73 Zemlyanoy Val, Moscow, 109004, Russia
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of food science and technology, University of Narowal-Pakistan, Pakistan
- Food, nutrition and lifestyle Unit, King Fahed Medical Research Center, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kashif Bashir
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Abasyan University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi, 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Kamala Badalova
- General Toxicological Chemistry Department, Azerbaijan Medical University Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marina Derkho
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, South-Ural State Agrarian University, Chelyabinsk Region, 13 Gagarin St, Troitsk, 454700, Russian Federation
| | - Serdar Korpayev
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, 06135, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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5
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Skelding KA, Barry DL, Theron DZ, Lincz LF. Targeting the two-pore channel 2 in cancer progression and metastasis. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:62-89. [PMID: 36046356 PMCID: PMC9400767 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of Ca2+ signaling, and particularly Ca2+ channels, in key events of cancer cell function such as proliferation, metastasis, autophagy and angiogenesis, has recently begun to be appreciated. Of particular note are two-pore channels (TPCs), a group of recently identified Ca2+-channels, located within the endolysosomal system. TPC2 has recently emerged as an intracellular ion channel of significant pathophysiological relevance, specifically in cancer, and interest in its role as an anti-cancer drug target has begun to be explored. Herein, an overview of the cancer-related functions of TPC2 and a discussion of its potential as a target for therapeutic intervention, including a summary of clinical trials examining the TPC2 inhibitors, naringenin, tetrandrine, and verapamil for the treatment of various cancers is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A. Skelding
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia;Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
| | - Daniel L. Barry
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia;Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
| | - Danielle Z. Theron
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia;Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
| | - Lisa F. Lincz
- Cancer Cell Biology Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia;Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia;Hunter Hematology Research Group, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, New South Wales 2298, Australia
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6
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Anwar S, Khan S, Shamsi A, Anjum F, Shafie A, Islam A, Ahmad F, Hassan MI. Structure-based investigation of MARK4 inhibitory potential of Naringenin for therapeutic management of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1445-1459. [PMID: 34121218 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) is a member of serine/threonine kinase family and considered an attractive drug target for many diseases. Screening of Indian Medicinal Plants, Phytochemistry, and Therapeutics (IMPPAT) using virtual high-throughput screening coupled with enzyme assay suggested that Naringenin (NAG) could be a potent inhibitor of MARK4. Structure-based molecular docking analysis showed that NAG binds to the critical residues found in the active site pocket of MARK4. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies for 100 ns have delineated the binding mechanism of NAG to MARK4. Results of MD simulation suggested that binding of NAG further stabilizes the structure of MARK4 by forming a stable complex. In addition, no significant conformational change in the MARK4 structure was observed. Fluorescence binding and isothermal titration calorimetric measurements revealed an excellent binding affinity of NAG to MARK4 with a binding constant (K) = 0.13 × 106 M-1 obtained from fluorescence binding studies. Further, enzyme inhibition studies showed that NAG has an admirable IC50 value of 4.11 µM for MARK4. Together, these findings suggest that NAG could be an effective MARK4 inhibitor that can potentially be used to treat cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Anwar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Shama Khan
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre (H3D), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Anas Shamsi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
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7
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Murti Y, Semwal BC, Goyal A, Mishra P. Naringenin Scaffold as a Template for Drug Designing. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190617144652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural products provide cornucopia of heterocyclic systems. The nucleus of 2-
phenyl chromane is one of the important and well-known heterocycles found in the natural
products. Naringenin, a plant-derived flavanone (2-phenyl chroman-4-one) belongs to the family
of flavanoids. It possesses diverse biologic activities such as antidiabetic, antiatherogenic,
antidepressant, antiandrogenic, antiestrogenic, immunomodulatory, antitumor, antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, antiviral, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, neuroprotective,
anti-obesity, anti-Alzheimer, and memory enhancer activity. It has the potential to be used as
an active pharmacophore. There have been reports of a number of molecular mechanisms
underlying their beneficial activities. With emerging interest in traditional medicine and
exploiting their potential based on a variety of health care systems, naringenin literature was
thought to be explored. Further, this review aims to provide a new era of flavonoid-based
therapeutic agents with new insights into naringenin and its derivatives as a lead compound
in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Murti
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura N.H.#2, Mathura-Delhi Road, P.O. Chaumuhan, Mathura-281 406, India
| | - Bhupesh Chander Semwal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura N.H.#2, Mathura-Delhi Road, P.O. Chaumuhan, Mathura-281 406, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura N.H.#2, Mathura-Delhi Road, P.O. Chaumuhan, Mathura-281 406, India
| | - Pradeep Mishra
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura N.H.#2, Mathura-Delhi Road, P.O. Chaumuhan, Mathura-281 406, India
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8
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The anti-Zika virus and anti-tumoral activity of the citrus flavanone lipophilic naringenin-based compounds. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109218. [PMID: 32916141 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural products widely recognized for their plurality of applications such as antiviral, antiproliferative, antitumor activities and, antioxidant properties. The flavanone naringenin is presented in citrus fruits and has been studied to combat recurrent diseases that still lack effective treatment. Research groups have been investing efforts to the development of new, safe and active candidates to combat these agents or conditions and despite good results recently reported against the Zika virus (ZIKV) and tumor cells, the use of citrus naringenin is limited due to its low bioavailability. Structural exchanges through functionalization, for example, attaching lipophilic groups instead of hydroxyl groups, can further enhance biological properties. Here, the synthesis and characterization of regioselective naringenin mono-7-O-ethers and both mono and di-fatty acid esters, structurally lipophilic ones were demonstrated. Finally, in vitro studies of anti-ZIKV action and antiproliferative activities against melanoma (B16-F10) and breast carcinoma (4T1) cells showed the ether derivatives were actives, with IC50 ranging from 6.76, 18.5 and 22.6 μM to 28.53, 45.1 and 32.3 μM referring to ZIKV, B16-F10 and 4T1 cell lines, respectively. The lipophilic ethers present the ability to inhibit selectively ZIKV-replication in human cells and inhibitions. This class of modifications in flavonoid molecules could be further explore in the future development of specific anti-ZIKV compounds.
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Bonta RK. Dietary Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents: Current State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:29-48. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191019112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a rapidly growing disease and the second most leading cause of death
worldwide. Breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancer are the most diagnosed types of cancer among the majority
of the population. The prevalence of these cancers is increasing rapidly due to the lack of effective drugs. The
search for anti-cancer bioactive components from natural plant sources is gaining immense significance. The
aim of the paper is to introduce the readers about the in vitro and in vivo biochemical mechanisms of phenolic
acids and flavonoids in these four types of cancers.
Methods:
A literature search was carried out in databases, including Scopus, SciFinder, Springer, Science direct
and Google. The main keywords used were fruits & vegetables, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anticancer, bioavailability,
etc. The data obtained were integrated and analyzed.
Results:
The study revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids, which include
the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, induction of Poly ADP ribose
polymerase cleavage, downregulation of Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and Matrix metalloproteinases-9 activities,
decreased levels of B-cell lymphoma-2, etc. Promising effects of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been observed
against breast, colon, lung and prostate cancers.
Conclusion:
The in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been revealed
in this study. With the knowledge of specific molecular targets and the structural-functional relationship
of bioactive compounds, the current review will open a new gateway for the scientific community and provide
them a viable option to exploit more of these compounds for the development of novel and efficacious anticancer
compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K. Bonta
- Plant Metabolic Pathway Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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Xie ZZ, Deng ZX, Zheng Y, Chen YS, Xiao JA, Chen K, Xiang HY, Yang H. A phosphine-mediated domino sequence of salicylaldehyde with but-3-yn-2-one: rapid access to chromanone. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8916-8920. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01588a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chromanone is a privileged structure with a wide range of unique biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Yan-Shan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety
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11
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Li J, Grosslight S, Miller SJ, Sigman MS, Toste FD. Site-selective acylation of natural products with BINOL-derived phosphoric acids. ACS Catal 2019; 9:9794-9799. [PMID: 31827975 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective acylation of a steroidal natural product 19-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone catalyzed by 1,1'-Bi(2-napthol)-derived (BINOL) chiral phosphoric acids (CPA's) is described. Systematic variation and multivariate linear regression analysis reveal that the same steric parameters typically needed for high enantioselectivity with this class of CPAs are also required for site-selectivity in this case. Density functional theory calculations identify additional weak CH-π interactions as contributors to site discrimination. We further report a rare example of site-selective acylation of phenols through the evaluation of naringenin, a flavonoid natural product, using CPA catalysis. These results suggest that BINOL-derived CPA's may have broader applications in site-selective catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Samantha Grosslight
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Scott J. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Matthew S. Sigman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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12
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Ahmed OM, Ahmed AA, Fahim HI, Zaky MY. Quercetin and naringenin abate diethylnitrosamine/acetylaminofluorene-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats: the roles of oxidative stress, inflammation and cell apoptosis. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 45:262-273. [PMID: 31665932 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1683187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the preventive effects and to suggest the probable mechanisms of action of quercetin and naringein in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar male rats. The chemical-induction of hepatocarcinogenesis was performed by injection of DEN intraperitoneally at 150 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) twice/week for two weeks, followed by oral administration of 2AAF at 20 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) 4 times/week for 3 weeks. The DEN/2AAF-administered rats were co-treated with quercetin and naringenin at dose level of 10 mg/kg b. w. by oral gavage for 20 weeks. The treatment of DEN/2AAF-administered rats with quercetin and naringenin significantly prevented the elevations in serum levels of liver function indicators (ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GT, total bilirubin and albumin) and liver tumor biomarkers including AFP, CEA and CA19.9. The cancerous histological lesions and inflammatory cells infiltration in liver of DEN/2AAF-administered rats were remarkably suppressed by treatments with quercetin and naringenin. The hepatic oxidative stress markers including NO level and lipid peroxidation significantly decreased while the SOD, GPx and CAT activities and GSH content significantly increased in DEN/2AAF-administered rats treated with quercetin and naringenin when compared to DEN/2AFF-administered control rats. Furthermore, the lowered mRNA expression of liver IL-4, P53 and Bcl-2 in of DEN/2AAF-administered rats were significantly counteracted by treatment with quercetin and naringenin. Taken together, our results demonstrate that quercetin and naringenin may abate hepatocarcinogenesis via enhancement of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and apoptotic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Ahmed
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Adel A Ahmed
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hanaa I Fahim
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Y Zaky
- Molecular Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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13
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Yoo HS, Son SH, Cho YY, Lee SJ, Jang HJ, Kim YM, Kim DH, Kim NY, Park BY, Lee YS, Kim NJ. Synthesis of Flavanones via Palladium(II)-Catalyzed One-Pot β-Arylation of Chromanones with Arylboronic Acids. J Org Chem 2019; 84:10012-10023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Therapeutic potential of naringin in neurological disorders. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 132:110646. [PMID: 31252025 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurological illnesses are multifactorial incurable debilitating disorders that may cause neurodegeneration. These diseases influence approximately 30 million people around the world. Despite several therapies, effective management of such disorders remains a global challenge. Thus, natural products might offer an alternative therapy for the treatment of various neurological disorders. Polyphenols, such as curcumin, resveratrol, myricetin, mangiferin and naringin (NRG) have been shown to possess promising potential in the treatment of neurogenerative illness. In this review, we have targeted the therapeutic potential of naringin as a neuroprotective agent. The overall neuroprotective effects and different possible underlying mechanisms related to NRG are discussed. In light of the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of NRG in various experimental paradigms, it is concluded that this molecule should be further considered and studied as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics, focusing on mechanistic and clinical trials to ascertain its efficacy.
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15
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Synthesis and In Vitro Antitumor Activity of Naringenin Oxime and Oxime Ether Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092184. [PMID: 31052551 PMCID: PMC6539930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids exerting several beneficial biological activities. Synthetic modification of naringenin is of continuous interest. During this study our aim was to synthesize a compound library of oxime and oxime ether derivatives of naringenin, and to investigate their biological activities. Two oximes and five oxime ether derivatives were prepared; their structure has been elucidated by NMR and high-resolution mass spectroscopy. The antiproliferative activity of the prepared compounds was evaluated by MTT assay against human leukemia (HL-60) and gynecological cancer cell lines isolated from cervical (HeLa, Siha) and breast (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) cancers. Tert-butyl oxime ether derivative exerted the most potent cell growth inhibitory activity. Moreover, cell cycle analysis suggested that this derivative caused a significant increase in the hypodiploid (subG1) phase and induced apoptosis in Hela and Siha cells, and induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in MCF-7 cells. The proapoptotic potential of the selected compound was confirmed by the activation of caspase-3. Antioxidant activities of the prepared molecules were also evaluated with xanthine oxidase, DPPH and ORAC assays, and the methyl substituted oxime ether exerted the most promising activity.
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16
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Cui W, He Z, Zhang Y, Fan Q, Feng N. Naringenin Cocrystals Prepared by Solution Crystallization Method for Improving Bioavailability and Anti-hyperlipidemia Effects. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:115. [PMID: 30771018 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Naringenin exerts anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects; however, it shows low oral bioavailability because of poor water solubility. In this work, cocrystals of naringenin were formed to address these issues. Using the solution crystallization method, various naringenin cocrystals were prepared with different cocrystal coformers, including naringenin-nicotinamide, naringenin-isonicotinamide, naringenin-caffeine, naringenin-betaine, and naringenin-L-proline. The formation of these cocrystals was assayed by using DSC, XRD, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The stoichiometric ratio of naringenin and the CCFs in the corresponding cocrystals was investigated by NMR. The solubility of naringenin, as well as its dissolution rate, was markedly improved by forming cocrystals. The oral bioavailability of naringenin administered as naringenin-L-proline and naringenin-betaine cocrystals was achieved significantly greater than that of pure naringenin (p < 0.05). In particular, the Cmax of naringenin-L-proline and naringenin-betaine cocrystals were 2.00-fold and 3.35-fold higher, and the AUC of naringenin-L-proline and naringenin-betaine cocrystals were 2.39-fold and 4.91-fold, respectively, higher than pure naringenin in rats. With the naringenin-betaine cocrystals for oral delivery, the drug distribution in the liver was significantly increased compared to pure naringenin. Accordingly, the naringenin-betaine cocrystals showed improved anti-hyperlipidemia effects on the C57 BL/6J PNPLA3 I148M transgenic mouse hyperlipidemia model. Collectively, cocrystal formation is a promising way to increase the bioavailability of naringenin for treating hyperlipidemia.
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17
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Kozłowska J, Grela E, Baczyńska D, Grabowiecka A, Anioł M. Novel O-alkyl Derivatives of Naringenin and Their Oximes with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040679. [PMID: 30769816 PMCID: PMC6413393 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our investigation, we concentrated on naringenin (NG)—a widely studied flavanone that occurs in citrus fruits. As a result of a reaction with a range of alkyl iodides, 7 novel O-alkyl derivatives of naringenin (7a–11a, 13a, 17a) were obtained. Another chemical modification led to 9 oximes of O-alkyl naringenin derivatives (7b–13b, 16b–17b) that were never described before. The obtained compounds were evaluated for their potential antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. The results were reported as the standard minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values and compared with naringenin and its known O-alkyl derivatives. Compounds 4a, 10a, 12a, 14a, 4b, 10b, 11b, and 14b were described with MIC of 25 µg/mL or lower. The strongest bacteriostatic activity was observed for 7-O-butylnaringenin (12a) against S. aureus (MIC = 6.25 µg/mL). Moreover, the antitumor effect of flavonoids was examined on human colon cancer cell line HT-29. Twenty-six compounds were characterized as possessing an antiproliferative activity stronger than that of naringenin. The replacement of the carbonyl group with an oxime moiety significantly increased the anticancer properties. The IC50 values below 5 µg/mL were demonstrated for four oxime derivatives (8b, 11b, 13b and 16b).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Ewa Grela
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Dagmara Baczyńska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Grabowiecka
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Anioł
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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18
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Hassan SS, Gomha SM. Novel functionalized thiosemicarbazone ligands and their Pd(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-0592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Zaidun NH, Thent ZC, Latiff AA. Combating oxidative stress disorders with citrus flavonoid: Naringenin. Life Sci 2018; 208:111-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Chu LL, Dhakal D, Shin HJ, Jung HJ, Yamaguchi T, Sohng JK. Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Enhanced Production of Naringenin 7-Sulfate and Its Biological Activities. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1671. [PMID: 30100899 PMCID: PMC6072979 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are one of the predominant groups of plant polyphenols, and these compounds have significant effects on human health and nutrition. Sulfated flavonoids have more favorable attributes compared to their parent compounds such as increased solubility, stability, and bioavailability. In this research, we developed a microbial system to produce sulfated naringenin using Escherichia coli expressing a sulfotransferase (ST) from Arabidopsis thaliana (At2g03770). This wild-type strain was used as a model system for testing clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) interference (CRISPRi) metabolic engineering strategies. Using synthetic sgRNA to mediate transcriptional repression of cysH, a gene encoding 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) ST, which is involved in sulfur metabolism, resulted in an increase in intracellular PAPS accumulation by over 3.28-fold without impairing cell growth. Moreover, naringenin 7-sulfate production by engineering E. coli with its cysH gene repressed in the open reading frame through CRISPRi was enhanced by 2.83-fold in compared with the wild-type control. To improve the efficiency of biotransformation, the concentration of SO42- , glucose, and substrate were optimized. The bioproductivity of naringenin 7-sulfate was 135.49 μM [∼143.1 mg (47.7 mg L-1)] in a 3-L fermenter at 36 h. These results demonstrated that the CRISPRi system was successfully applied for the first time in E. coli to develop an efficient microbial strain for production of a sulfated flavonoid. In addition, antibacterial and anticancer activities of naringenin 7-sulfate were investigated and found to be higher than the parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan L Chu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Dipesh Dhakal
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Hee J Shin
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Hye J Jung
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea.,Department of BT Convergence Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Tokutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of BT Convergence Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jae K Sohng
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea.,Department of BT Convergence Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea
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21
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Zaim Ö, Doğanlar O, Zreigh MM, Doğanlar ZB, Özcan H. Synthesis, Cancer-Selective Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Some (±)-Naringenin Cycloaminoethyl Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1800016. [PMID: 29766645 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavonoid and due to its broad spectrum of biological activities, including anticancer properties, has attracted scientific attention in recent years. To contribute to these studies, we synthesized some new (±)-naringenin cyclic aminoethyl derivatives, analyzed the cytotoxic and anti-proliferative properties of them via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and mitochondrial apoptosis signaling response and gene expressions belong to caspase-3 depended apoptosis as biomarkers in both healthy and cancer cell lines. Our results suggest that some of our naringenin derivatives are potential anticancer agents with a selective death potential and targeting properties for mitochondrial apoptosis signaling against at least human cervix and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Zaim
- Department of Chemistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Doğanlar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Mohamed M Zreigh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zawia University, P.O. Box 16168, Zawia, Libya
| | - Zeynep Banu Doğanlar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hafize Özcan
- Department of Chemistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
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22
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Hernández-Aquino E, Muriel P. Beneficial effects of naringenin in liver diseases: Molecular mechanisms. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1679-1707. [PMID: 29713125 PMCID: PMC5922990 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i16.1679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are caused by different etiological agents, mainly alcohol consumption, viruses, drug intoxication or malnutrition. Frequently, liver diseases are initiated by oxidative stress and inflammation that lead to the excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM), followed by a progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been reported that some natural products display hepatoprotective properties. Naringenin is a flavonoid with antioxidant, antifibrogenic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties that is capable of preventing liver damage caused by different agents. The main protective effects of naringenin in liver diseases are the inhibition of oxidative stress, transforming growth factor (TGF-β) pathway and the prevention of the transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC), leading to decreased collagen synthesis. Other effects include the inhibition of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), toll-like receptor (TLR) and TGF-β non-canonical pathways, the inhibition of which further results in a strong reduction in ECM synthesis and deposition. In addition, naringenin has shown beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through the regulation of lipid metabolism, modulating the synthesis and oxidation of lipids and cholesterol. Moreover, naringenin protects from HCC, since it inhibits growth factors such as TGF-β and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), inducing apoptosis and regulating MAPK pathways. Naringenin is safe and acts by targeting multiple proteins. However, it possesses low bioavailability and high intestinal metabolism. In this regard, formulations, such as nanoparticles or liposomes, have been developed to improve naringenin bioavailability. We conclude that naringenin should be considered in the future as an important candidate in the treatment of different liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Hernández-Aquino
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 07000, Mexico
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Hepatology, Department of Pharmacology, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico City 07000, Mexico
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23
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Polyphenols in Colorectal Cancer: Current State of Knowledge including Clinical Trials and Molecular Mechanism of Action. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4154185. [PMID: 29568751 PMCID: PMC5820674 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4154185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been reported to have wide spectrum of biological activities including major impact on initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer by modulating different signalling pathways. Colorectal cancer is the second most major cause of mortality and morbidity among females and the third among males. The objective of this review is to describe the activity of a variety of polyphenols in colorectal cancer in clinical trials, preclinical studies, and primary research. The molecular mechanisms of major polyphenols related to their beneficial effects on colorectal cancer are also addressed. Synthetic modifications and other future directions towards exploiting of natural polyphenols against colorectal cancer are discussed in the last section.
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Kozłowska J, Potaniec B, Żarowska B, Anioł M. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel O-Alkyl Derivatives of Naringenin and Their Oximes. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091485. [PMID: 28878189 PMCID: PMC6151618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
O -Alkyl derivatives of naringenin ( 1a - 10a ) were prepared from naringenin using the corresponding alkyl iodides and anhydrous potassium carbonate. The resulting products were used to obtain oximes ( 1b - 10b ). All compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC10536, Staphylococcus aureus DSM799, Candida albicans DSM1386, Alternaria alternata CBS1526, Fusarium linii KB-F1, and Aspergillus niger DSM1957. The resulting biological activity was expressed as the increase in optical density (ΔOD). The highest inhibitory effect against E. coli ATCC10536 was observed for 7,4'-di- O -pentylnaringenin ( 8a ), 7- O -dodecylnaringenin ( 9a ), naringenin oxime ( NG-OX ), 7,4'-di- O -pentylnaringenin oxime ( 8b ), and 7- O -dodecylnaringenin oxime ( 9b ) (ΔOD = 0). 7- O -dodecylnaringenin oxime ( 9b ) also inhibited the growth of S. aureus DSM799 (ΔOD = 0.35) and C. albicans DSM1386 (ΔOD = 0.22). The growth of A. alternata CBS1526 was inhibited as a result of the action of 7,4'-di- O -methylnaringenin ( 2a ), 7- O -ethylnaringenin ( 4a ), 7,4'-di- O -ethylnaringenin ( 5a ), 5,7,4'-tri- O -ethylnaringenin ( 6a ), 7,4'-di- O -pentylnaringenin ( 8a ), and 7- O -dodecylnaringenin ( 9a ) (ΔOD in the range of 0.49-0.42) in comparison to that of the control culture (ΔOD = 1.87). In the case of F. linii KB-F1, naringenin ( NG ), 7,4'-di- O -dodecylnaringenin ( 10a ), 7- O -dodecylnaringenin oxime ( 9b ), and 7,4'-di- O -dodecylnaringenin oxime ( 10b ) showed the strongest effect (ΔOD = 0). 7,4'-Di- O -pentylnaringenin ( 8a ) and naringenin oxime ( NG-OX ) hindered the growth of A. niger DSM1957 (ΔOD = 0).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Potaniec
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Barbara Żarowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Anioł
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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25
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Ravishankar D, Salamah M, Attina A, Pothi R, Vallance TM, Javed M, Williams HF, Alzahrani EMS, Kabova E, Vaiyapuri R, Shankland K, Gibbins J, Strohfeldt K, Greco F, Osborn HMI, Vaiyapuri S. Ruthenium-conjugated chrysin analogues modulate platelet activity, thrombus formation and haemostasis with enhanced efficacy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5738. [PMID: 28720875 PMCID: PMC5515887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The constant increase in cardiovascular disease rate coupled with significant drawbacks of existing therapies emphasise the necessity to improve therapeutic strategies. Natural flavonoids exert innumerable pharmacological effects in humans. Here, we demonstrate the effects of chrysin, a natural flavonoid found largely in honey and passionflower on the modulation of platelet function, haemostasis and thrombosis. Chrysin displayed significant inhibitory effects on isolated platelets, however, its activity was substantially reduced under physiological conditions. In order to increase the efficacy of chrysin, a sulfur derivative (thio-chrysin), and ruthenium-complexes (Ru-chrysin and Ru-thio-chrysin) were synthesised and their effects on the modulation of platelet function were evaluated. Indeed, Ru-thio-chrysin displayed a 4-fold greater inhibition of platelet function and thrombus formation in vitro than chrysin under physiologically relevant conditions such as in platelet-rich plasma and whole blood. Notably, Ru-thio-chrysin exhibited similar efficacy to chrysin in the modulation of haemostasis in mice. Increased bioavailability and cell permeability of Ru-thio-chrysin compared to chrysin were found to be the basis for its enhanced activity. Together, these results demonstrate that Ru-thio-coupled natural compounds such as chrysin may serve as promising templates for the development of novel anti-thrombotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alda Attina
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Radhika Pothi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena Kabova
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | | | - Jonathan Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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26
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Liu SY, Zeng J, Peng KJ, Zhang LC, Liu LJ, Luo ZY, Ma DY. Synthesis and antiproliferative properties of novel naringenin derivatives. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1966-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Microbial transformation of naringenin derivatives. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:720-726. [PMID: 28612118 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0916-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbial transformations of (±)-7-O-prenylnaringenin (7-PN, 1) and (±)-7-O-allylnaringenin (7-AN, 2) have isolated four metabolites (3-6). Structures of these novel compounds were identified as 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-O-[(2E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl]flavanone (3), 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-O-(2,3-dihdroxy-3-methylbutyl)flavanone (4), 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-O-(2,3-dihdroxypropyl)flavanone (5), and 5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-allyl-4'-hydroxyflavanone (6) based on spectroscopy. Compounds 1-6 were evaluated for their radical scavenging capacity using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The derivatives 3-6 exhibited more potent antioxidant activity than their corresponding substrates 1 and 2.
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Inhibitory potential of flavonoids on PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 binding with the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 pleckstrin homology domain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:420-426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Yadav DK, Rai R, Kumar N, Singh S, Misra S, Sharma P, Shaw P, Pérez-Sánchez H, Mancera RL, Choi EH, Kim MH, Pratap R. New arylated benzo[h]quinolines induce anti-cancer activity by oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38128. [PMID: 27922047 PMCID: PMC5138627 DOI: 10.1038/srep38128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-cancer activity of the benzo[h]quinolines was evaluated on cultured human skin cancer (G361), lung cancer (H460), breast cancer (MCF7) and colon cancer (HCT116) cell lines. The inhibitory effect of these compounds on the cell growth was determined by the MTT assay. The compounds 3e, 3f, 3h and 3j showed potential cytotoxicity against these human cancer cell lines. Effect of active compounds on DNA oxidation and expression of apoptosis related gene was studied. We also developed a quantitative method to measure the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases-2 (CDK2) by western blotting in the presence of active compound. In addition, molecular docking revealed that benzo[h]quinolines can correctly dock into the hydrophobic pocket of the targets receptor protein aromatase and CDK2, while their bioavailability/drug-likeness was predicted to be acceptable but requires future optimization. These findings reveal that benzo[h]quinolines act as anti-cancer agents by inducing oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra K. Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur-342005, India
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Incheon, Korea
| | - Reeta Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Surjeet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi-110007 India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur-342005, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur-342005, India
| | - Priyanka Shaw
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Horacio Pérez-Sánchez
- Computer Science Department, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM) E30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ricardo L. Mancera
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University: GPO Box U1987, Perth WA 6845, Australia
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 139-701, Korea
| | - Mi-hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Incheon, Korea
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Rasouli H, Farzaei MH, Mansouri K, Mohammadzadeh S, Khodarahmi R. Plant Cell Cancer: May Natural Phenolic Compounds Prevent Onset and Development of Plant Cell Malignancy? A Literature Review. Molecules 2016; 21:E1104. [PMID: 27563858 PMCID: PMC6274315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) are known as a chemically diverse category of secondary and reactive metabolites which are produced in plants via the shikimate-phenylpropanoid pathways. These compounds-ubiquitous in plants-are an essential part of the human diet, and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties. Phenolic compounds are essential for plant functions, because they are involved in oxidative stress reactions, defensive systems, growth, and development. A large body of cellular and animal evidence carried out in recent decades has confirmed the anticancer role of PCs. Phytohormones-especially auxins and cytokinins-are key contributors to uncontrolled growth and tumor formation. Phenolic compounds can prevent plant growth by the endogenous regulation of auxin transport and enzymatic performance, resulting in the prevention of tumorigenesis. To conclude, polyphenols can reduce plant over-growth rate and the development of tumors in plant cells by regulating phytohormones. Future mechanistic studies are necessary to reveal intracellular transcription and transduction agents associated with the preventive role of phenolics versus plant pathological malignancy cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rasouli
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Sara Mohammadzadeh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714967346, Iran.
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31
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Lee Y, Kim BS, Ahn S, Koh D, Lee YH, Shin SY, Lim Y. Anticancer and structure-activity relationship evaluation of 3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-N,5-diphenyl-pyrazoline-1-carbothioamide analogs of chalcone. Bioorg Chem 2016; 68:166-76. [PMID: 27543822 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To identify new potent chemotherapeutic agents, we synthesized compounds with 3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-N,5-diphenyl-pyrazoline-1-carbothioamide (NDPC) skeletons and evaluated their cytotoxicities using a clonogenic long-term survival assay. Their half-maximal cell growth inhibitory concentrations ranged from a few hundred nanomolars to a few micromolars. Further biological experiments including flow cytometry and western blotting analysis were performed with the derivative showing the best cytotoxicity. To identify a target protein of the selected compound, an in vitro kinase assay was carried out, which revealed that aurora kinases A and B were inhibited by the test compound, and this was confirmed using western blot analysis. The molecular binding mode between the selected compound and the kinases was elucidated using in silico docking. The structural conditions required for good cytotoxicity were identified based on the quantitative relationships between the physicochemical properties of the derivatives and their cytotoxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngshim Lee
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Ahn
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsoo Koh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Han Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Young Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoongho Lim
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Shin SY, Ahn S, Yoon H, Jung H, Jung Y, Koh D, Lee YH, Lim Y. Colorectal anticancer activities of polymethoxylated 3-naphthyl-5-phenylpyrazoline-carbothioamides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4301-9. [PMID: 27476140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To develop potent chemotherapeutic agents for treating colorectal cancers, polymethoxylated 3-naphthyl-5-phenylpyrazoline-carbothioamide derivatives were designed. Twenty-two novel derivatives were synthesized and their cytotoxicities were measured using a clonogenic long-term survival assay. Of these derivatives, 3-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-pyrazoline-1-carbothioamide (NPC 15) exhibited the best half-maximal cell growth inhibitory concentrations (196.35nM). To explain its cytotoxicity, further biological experiments were performed. Treatment with NPC 15 inhibited cell cycle progression and triggered apoptosis through the caspase-mediated pathway. Its inhibitory effects on several kinases participating in the cell cycle were investigated using an in vitro kinase assay. Its half-maximal inhibitory concentrations for aurora kinases A and B were 105.03μM and 8.53μM, respectively. Further analysis showed that NPC 15 decreased phosphorylation of aurora kinases A, B, and C and phosphorylation of histone H3, a substrate of aurora kinases A and B. Its molecular binding mode for aurora kinase B was elucidated using in silico docking. In summary, polymethoxylated 3-naphthyl-5-phenylpyrazoline-carbothioamides could be potent chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Young Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Ahn
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Yoon
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryoung Jung
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yearam Jung
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsoo Koh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul 136-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Han Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoongho Lim
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Song HM, Park GH, Eo HJ, Jeong JB. Naringenin-Mediated ATF3 Expression Contributes to Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:140-6. [PMID: 26797111 PMCID: PMC4774494 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NAR) as one of the flavonoidsobserved in grapefruit has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer activity. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is associated with apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. This study was performed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which NAR stimulates ATF3 expression and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. NAR reduced the cell viability and induced an apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. ATF3 overexpression increased NAR-mediated cleaved PARP, while ATF3 knockdown attenuated the cleavage of PARP by NAR. NAR increased ATF3 expression in both protein and mRNA level, and increased the luciferase activity of ATF3 promoter in a dose-dependent manner. The responsible region for ATF3 transcriptional activation by NAR is located between -317 and -148 of ATF3 promoter. p38 inhibition blocked NAR-mediated ATF3 expression, its promoter activation and apoptosis. The results suggest that NAR induces apoptosis through p38-dependent ATF3 activation in human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Min Song
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760749, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Eo
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760749, Republic of Korea
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34
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Wang Q, Yang J, Zhang XM, Zhou L, Liao XL, Yang B. Practical Synthesis of Naringenin. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.3184/174751915x14379994045537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two routes for the synthesis of the flavanone naringenin are described. In the first, 3,5-dimethoxyphenol is converted to 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenone and then by condensation with anisaldehyde to 2′-hydroxy-4,4′,6′-trimethoxychalcone. The chalcone is then cyclised with aqueous hydrochloric acid and demethylated with pyridine hydrochloride to form naringenin in 45% overall yield. The condensation of 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyacetophenone with anisaldehyde could also directly produce 4′,5,7-trimethoxyflavanone, which was then converted into naringenin in 60% overall yield. In the second route, a single step for the preparation of the chalcone is used in which 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene is acylated with p-methoxycinnamic acid. Although the synthesis of naringenin is achieved in a lower overall yield of 29%, the process is simpler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-ming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 94 WeiJin Road, Nankai District, Tianjing 300071, P.R. China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, Tianjin economic and technological development zone, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 94 WeiJin Road, Nankai District, Tianjing 300071, P.R. China
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, Tianjin economic and technological development zone, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Xia-li Liao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 727 South Jingming Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650500, P.R. China
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35
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Song HM, Park GH, Eo HJ, Lee JW, Kim MK, Lee JR, Lee MH, Koo JS, Jeong JB. Anti-Proliferative Effect of Naringenin through p38-Dependent Downregulation of Cyclin D1 in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2015; 23:339-44. [PMID: 26157550 PMCID: PMC4489828 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2015.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NAR) as one of the flavonoids observed in grapefruit has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer activity. However, more detailed mechanism by which NAR exerts anti-cancer properties still remains unanswered. Thus, in this study, we have shown that NAR down-regulates the level of cyclin D1 in human colorectal cancer cell lines, HCT116 and SW480. NAR inhibited the cell proliferation in HCT116 and SW480 cells and decreased the level of cyclin D1 protein. Inhibition of proteasomal degradation by MG132 blocked NAR-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation and the half-life of cyclin D1 was decreased in the cells treated with NAR. In addition, NAR increased the phosphorylation of cyclin D1 at threonine-286 and a point mutation of threonine-286 to alanine blocked cyclin D1 downregulation by NAR. p38 inactivation attenuated cyclin D1 downregulation by NAR. From these results, we suggest that NAR-mediated cyclin D1 downregulation may result from proteasomal degradation through p38 activation. The current study provides new mechanistic link between NAR, cyclin D1 downregulation and cell growth in human colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Min Song
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Hyun Ji Eo
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Jin Wook Lee
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Mi Kyoung Kim
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749
| | - Jeong Rak Lee
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio-industry, Andong 760-380
| | - Man Hyo Lee
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio-industry, Andong 760-380
| | - Jin Suk Koo
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749 ; Insititute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 760-749 ; Insititute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
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36
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Kaur J, Kaur G. An insight into the role of citrus bioactives in modulation of colon cancer. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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37
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Jung H, Shin SY, Jung Y, Tran TA, Lee HO, Jung KY, Koh D, Cho SK, Lim Y. Quantitative Relationships Between the Cytotoxicity of Flavonoids on the Human Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells MCF7-SC and Their Structural Properties. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:496-508. [PMID: 25582302 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
As some breast cancer-related deaths can be attributed to the metastasis of cancer stem cells, chemotherapeutic agents targeting breast cancer stem cells are of interest as a potential treatment. Flavonoids that exhibit cytotoxicity on breast cancer stem cells have rarely been observed. Thus, the objective of this study was to measure potential cytotoxic effects of 42 different flavonoids on the human breast cancer stem-like cell line, MCF7-SC. The relationship between flavonoid structural properties and cytotoxicity has not been reported previously; therefore, we determined quantitative structure-activity relationships using both comparative molecular field analysis and comparative molecular similarity analysis. Further biological experiments including Western blot analysis, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence microscopy were also conducted on the most cytotoxic 8-chloroflavanone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryoung Jung
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - Soon Young Shin
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, 690-756, Korea
| | - Yearam Jung
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - Thao Anh Tran
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon, 210-702, Korea
| | - Hye Ok Lee
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
| | - Kang-Yeoun Jung
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, 136-714, Korea
| | - Dongsoo Koh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women's University, Seoul, 136-714, Korea
| | - Somi Kim Cho
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon, 210-702, Korea
| | - Yoongho Lim
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Korea
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38
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Amino- and fluoro-substituted quinoline-4-carboxylic acid derivatives: MWI synthesis, cytotoxic activity, apoptotic DNA fragmentation and molecular docking studies. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1248-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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39
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Shin SY, Yong Y, Lee J, Ahn S, Jung KY, Koh D, Lee YH, Lim Y. A novel hydroxymethoxynaphthochalcone induces apoptosis through the p53-dependent caspase-mediated pathway in HCT116 human colon cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-014-4043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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40
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Elucidation of different inhibition mechanism of small chemicals on PtdInsP-binding domains using in silico docking experiments. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2256-62. [PMID: 24736117 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositides, most negatively charged lipids in cellular membranes, regulate diverse effector proteins through the interaction with their lipid binding domains. We have previously reported inhibitory effect of small chemicals on the interaction between PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and Btk PH domain. Here, we report that the inhibitory effects of same sets of chemicals on Grp1 PH domain and epsin1 ENTH domain to elucidate diversity of inhibitory mechanisms upon different lipid binding domains. Among the chemicals, chemical 8 showed best inhibition in vitro assay for Grp1 PH domain and epsin1 ENTH domain, and then the interaction between small chemicals and lipid binding domains was further investigated by in silico docking experiments. As a result, it was concluded that the diverse inhibitory effects on different lipid binding domains were dependent on not only the number of interactions between small chemical and domain, but also additional interaction with positively charged surfaces as the secondary binding sites. This finding will help to develop lipid binding inhibitors as antagonists for lipid-protein interactions, and these inhibitors would be novel therapeutic drug candidates via regulating effector proteins involved in severe human diseases.
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41
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Cho M, Yoon H, Park M, Kim YH, Lim Y. Flavonoids promoting HaCaT migration: I. Hologram quantitative structure-activity relationships. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:560-569. [PMID: 24252338 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration plays an important role in multicellular development and preservation. Because wound healing requires cell migration, compounds promoting cell migration can be used for wound repair therapy. Several plant-derived polyphenols are known to promote cell migration, which improves wound healing. Previous studies of flavonoids on cell lines have focused on their inhibitory effects and not on wound healing. In addition, studies of flavonoids on wound healing have been performed using mixtures. In this study, individual flavonoids were used for cellular migration measurements. Relationships between the cell migration effects of flavonoids and their structural properties have never been reported. Here, we investigated the migration of keratinocytes caused by 100 flavonoids and examined their relationships using hologram quantitative structure-activity relationships. The structural conditions responsible for efficient cell migration on keratinocyte cell lines determined from the current study will facilitate the design of flavonoids with improved activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moonjae Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Yoon
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijoo Park
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwa Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan 330-801, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoongho Lim
- Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, BMIC, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Jo G, Ahn S, Kim BG, Park HR, Kim YH, Choo HA, Koh D, Chong Y, Ahn JH, Lim Y. Chromenylchalcones with inhibitory effects on monoamine oxidase B. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7890-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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43
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Shin SY, Yoon H, Hwang D, Ahn S, Kim DW, Koh D, Lee YH, Lim Y. Benzochalcones bearing pyrazoline moieties show anti-colorectal cancer activities and selective inhibitory effects on aurora kinases. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:7018-24. [PMID: 24095020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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44
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Shin SY, Yoon H, Ahn S, Kim DW, Kim SH, Koh D, Lee YH, Lim Y. Chromenylchalcones showing cytotoxicity on human colon cancer cell lines and in silico docking with aurora kinases. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4250-8. [PMID: 23719279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to toxicity problems, various plant-derived compounds have been screened to find the chemotherapeutic agents. As anticancer therapeutic agents, chalcones have advantages such as poor interaction with DNA and low risk of mutagenesity. Chromenones show anticancer activities too. Therefore, hybrids of chalcone and chromenone may be potent chemotherapeutic agents. We prepared 16 synthetic chromenylchalcones and applied a clonogenic long-term survival assay method for them on HCT116 human colorectal cancer cell lines. One of chromenylchalcones tested here, chromenylchalcone 11, showed IC50 of 93.1nM which can be competed with the IC50 values of well-known flavonoids such as catechin gallate and epicatechin gallate. Further biological experiments including cell cycle analysis, apoptosis assay, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescent microscopy were carried out for this compound. In addition, in vitro kinases binding assay performed to explain its molecular mechanism demonstrated the compound inhibited aurora kinases. The binding modes between chromenylchalcone 11 and aurora kinases were elucidated using in silico docking experiments. These findings could be used for designing cancer therapeutic or preventive plant-derived chromenylchalcone agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Young Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, South Korea
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Arul D, Subramanian P. Inhibitory effect of naringenin (citrus flavonone) on N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 434:203-9. [PMID: 23523793 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of naringenin on N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Administration of NDEA induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as evidenced by changes in histopathological architecture, increased activity of cytochrome P450, decreased activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) as well as decreased antioxidant status, enhanced lipid peroxidation and increased liver marker enzymes. Pre- and post-treatment with naringenin effectively suppressed NDEA-initiated hepatocarcinoma and the associated preneoplastic lesions by modulating xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (XMEs), alleviating lipid peroxidation (through both free radical scavenging and the enhanced antioxidant status), and decreased levels of liver marker enzymes. These results indicate that naringenin prevents lipid peroxidation and hepatic cell damage and also protects the antioxidant system in N-nitrosdithylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraikannu Arul
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India.
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