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Nelson TA, Tommasini S, Fretz JA. Deletion of the transcription factor EBF1 in perivascular stroma disrupts skeletal homeostasis and precipitates premature aging of the marrow microenvironment. Bone 2024; 187:117198. [PMID: 39002837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) is a transcription factor expressed by multiple lineages of stromal cells within the bone marrow. While cultures of Ebf1-deficient cells have been demonstrated to have impaired differentiation into either the osteoblast or adipogenic lineage in vitro by several groups, in vivo there has been a nominal consequence of the loss of EBF1 on skeletal development. In this study we used Prx-cre driven deletion of Ebf1 to eliminate EBF1 from the entire mesenchymal lineage of the skeleton and resolve this discrepancy. We report here that EBF1 is expressed primarily in the Mesenchymal Stem and Progenitor Cell (MSPC)-Adipo, MSPC-Osteo, and the Early Mesenchymal Progenitors, and that loss of EBF1 has a plethora of consequences to maintenance of the skeleton throughout adulthood. Stroma from the Prx-cre;Ebf1fl/fl bones had impaired osteogenic differentiation, an age-dependent loss of CFU-F, and elevated senescence accompanying Ebf1-deletion. New bone formation was reduced after 3 months, and resulted in a quiescent bone environment with fewer osteoblasts and an accompanied reduction in osteoclast-mediated remodeling. Consequently, bones were less ductile at a younger age, and deletion of EBF1 dramatically impaired fracture repair. Disruption of EBF1 in perivascular populations also rearranged the vascular network within these bones and disrupted cytokine signaling from key hematopoietic niches resulting in anemia, reductions in B cells, and myeloid skewing of marrow hematopoietic lineages. Mechanistically we observed disrupted BMP signaling within Ebf1-deficient progenitors with reduced SMAD1-phosphorylation, and elevated secretion of the soluble BMP-inhibitor Gremlin from the MSPC-Adipo cells. Ebf1-deficient progenitors also exhibited posttranslational suppression of glucocorticoid receptor expression. Together, these results suggest that EBF1 signaling is required for mesenchymal progenitor mobilization to maintain the adult skeleton, and that the primary action of EBF1 in the early mesenchymal lineage is to promote proliferation, and differentiation of these perivascular cells to sustain a healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A Nelson
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America
| | - Stephen Tommasini
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America
| | - Jackie A Fretz
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America.
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2
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Hong J, Luo F, Du X, Xian F, Li X. The immune cells in modulating osteoclast formation and bone metabolism. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112151. [PMID: 38685175 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are pivotal in regulating bone metabolism, with immune cells significantly influencing both physiological and pathological processes by modulating osteoclast functions. This is particularly evident in conditions of inflammatory bone resorption, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis. This review summarizes and comprehensively analyzes the research progress on the regulation of osteoclast formation by immune cells, aiming to unveil the underlying mechanisms and pathways through which diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis, impact bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xingyue Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fa Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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3
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Yang M, Zhu L. Osteoimmunology: The Crosstalk between T Cells, B Cells, and Osteoclasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2688. [PMID: 38473934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an ongoing inflammatory condition that affects the joints and can lead to severe damage to cartilage and bones, resulting in significant disability. This condition occurs when the immune system becomes overactive, causing osteoclasts, cells responsible for breaking down bone, to become more active than necessary, leading to bone breakdown. RA disrupts the equilibrium between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, resulting in serious complications such as localized bone erosion, weakened bones surrounding the joints, and even widespread osteoporosis. Antibodies against the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), a crucial stimulator of osteoclast differentiation, have shown great effectiveness both in laboratory settings and actual patient cases. Researchers are increasingly focusing on osteoclasts as significant contributors to bone erosion in RA. Given that RA involves an overactive immune system, T cells and B cells play a pivotal role by intensifying the immune response. The imbalance between Th17 cells and Treg cells, premature aging of T cells, and excessive production of antibodies by B cells not only exacerbate inflammation but also accelerate bone destruction. Understanding the connection between the immune system and osteoclasts is crucial for comprehending the impact of RA on bone health. By delving into the immune mechanisms that lead to joint damage, exploring the interactions between the immune system and osteoclasts, and investigating new biomarkers for RA, we can significantly improve early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
- Medical Epigenetics Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
- Medical Epigenetics Research Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
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4
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Miron RJ, Bohner M, Zhang Y, Bosshardt DD. Osteoinduction and osteoimmunology: Emerging concepts. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:9-26. [PMID: 37658591 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The recognition and importance of immune cells during bone regeneration, including around bone biomaterials, has led to the development of an entire field termed "osteoimmunology," which focuses on the connection and interplay between the skeletal system and immune cells. Most studies have focused on the "osteogenic" capacity of various types of bone biomaterials, and much less focus has been placed on immune cells despite being the first cell type in contact with implantable devices. Thus, the amount of literature generated to date on this topic makes it challenging to extract needed information. This review article serves as a guide highlighting advancements made in the field of osteoimmunology emphasizing the role of the osteoimmunomodulatory properties of biomaterials and their impact on osteoinduction. First, the various immune cell types involved in bone biomaterial integration are discussed, including the prominent role of osteal macrophages (OsteoMacs) during bone regeneration. Thereafter, key biomaterial properties, including topography, wettability, surface charge, and adsorption of cytokines, growth factors, ions, and other bioactive molecules, are discussed in terms of their impact on immune responses. These findings highlight and recognize the importance of the immune system and osteoimmunology, leading to a shift in the traditional models used to understand and evaluate biomaterials for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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5
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Bergin SM, Crutcher CL, Keeler C, Rocos B, Haglund MM, Michael Guo H, Gottfried ON, Richardson WJ, Than KD. Osteoimmunology: Interactions With the Immune System in Spinal Fusion. Int J Spine Surg 2023; 17:S9-S17. [PMID: 38050073 PMCID: PMC10753333 DOI: 10.14444/8556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal fusion is important for the clinical success of patients undergoing surgery, and the immune system plays an increasingly recognized role. Osteoimmunology is the study of the interactions between the immune system and bone. Inflammation impacts the osteogenic, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive properties of bone grafts and substitutes and ultimately influences the success of spinal fusion. Macrophages have emerged as important cells for coordinating the immune response following spinal fusion surgery, and macrophage-derived cytokines impact each phase of bone graft healing. This review explores the cellular and molecular immune processes that regulate bone homeostasis and healing during spinal fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Bergin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Clifford L Crutcher
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carolyn Keeler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brett Rocos
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael M Haglund
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - H Michael Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Oren N Gottfried
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William J Richardson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Khoi D Than
- Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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6
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Ye Z, Wang Y, Xiang B, Wang H, Tao H, Zhang C, Zhang S, Sun D, Luo F, Song L. Roles of the Siglec family in bone and bone homeostasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115064. [PMID: 37413904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been seen in the study of the role of sialic acid binding im-munoglobulin type lectins (Siglecs) in osteoimmunology in the past two decades. Interest in Siglecs as immune checkpoints has grown from the recognition that Siglecs have relevance to human disease. Siglecs play important roles in inflammation and cancer, and play key roles in immune cell signaling. By recognizing common sialic acid containing glycans on glycoproteins and glycolipids as regulatory receptors for immune cell signals, Siglecs are expressed on most immune cells and play important roles in normal homeostasis and self-tolerance. In this review, we describe the role that the siglec family plays in bone and bone homeostasis, including the regulation of osteoclast differentiation as well as recent advances in inflammation, cancer and osteoporosis. Particular emphasis is placed on the relevant functions of Siglecs in self-tolerance and as pattern recognition receptors in immune responses, thereby potentially providing emerging strategies for the treatment of bone related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Ye
- The Fourth Corps of Students of the Basic Medical College, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yetong Wang
- The Fourth Corps of Students of the Basic Medical College, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Binqing Xiang
- Department of Surgical Anesthesia, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Army Border Defense 331st Brigade, Dandong 118000, China
| | - Haiyan Tao
- Health Management Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chengmin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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7
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Perrone S, Caporilli C, Grassi F, Ferrocino M, Biagi E, Dell’Orto V, Beretta V, Petrolini C, Gambini L, Street ME, Dall’Asta A, Ghi T, Esposito S. Prenatal and Neonatal Bone Health: Updated Review on Early Identification of Newborns at High Risk for Osteopenia. Nutrients 2023; 15:3515. [PMID: 37630705 PMCID: PMC10459154 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone health starts with maternal health and nutrition, which influences bone mass and density already in utero. The mechanisms underlying the effect of the intrauterine environment on bone health are partly unknown but certainly include the 'foetal programming' of oxidative stress and endocrine systems, which influence later skeletal growth and development. With this narrative review, we describe the current evidence for identifying patients with risk factors for developing osteopenia, today's management of these populations, and screening and prevention programs based on gestational age, weight, and morbidity. Challenges for bone health prevention include the need for new technologies that are specific and applicable to pregnant women, the foetus, and, later, the newborn. Radiofrequency ultrasound spectrometry (REMS) has proven to be a useful tool in the assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) in pregnant women. Few studies have reported that transmission ultrasound can also be used to assess BMD in newborns. The advantages of this technology in the foetus and newborn are the absence of ionising radiation, ease of use, and, above all, the possibility of performing longitudinal studies from intrauterine to extrauterine life. The use of these technologies already in the intrauterine period could help prevent associated diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteopenia, which are characterised by a reduction in bone mass and degeneration of bone structure and lead to an increased risk of fractures in adulthood with considerable social repercussions for the related direct and indirect costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serafina Perrone
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.D.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Chiara Caporilli
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.C.); (F.G.); (M.F.); (E.B.); (M.E.S.); (S.E.)
| | - Federica Grassi
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.C.); (F.G.); (M.F.); (E.B.); (M.E.S.); (S.E.)
| | - Mandy Ferrocino
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.C.); (F.G.); (M.F.); (E.B.); (M.E.S.); (S.E.)
| | - Eleonora Biagi
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.C.); (F.G.); (M.F.); (E.B.); (M.E.S.); (S.E.)
| | - Valentina Dell’Orto
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.D.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Virginia Beretta
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.D.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Chiara Petrolini
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.D.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucia Gambini
- Neonatology Unit, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (V.D.); (V.B.); (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Maria Elisabeth Street
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.C.); (F.G.); (M.F.); (E.B.); (M.E.S.); (S.E.)
| | - Andrea Dall’Asta
- Obstetric and Gynecology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (A.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Tullio Ghi
- Obstetric and Gynecology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (A.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Pietro Barilla Children’s Hospital, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.C.); (F.G.); (M.F.); (E.B.); (M.E.S.); (S.E.)
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8
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Chen Y, Wang H, Ni Q, Wang T, Bao C, Geng Y, Lu Y, Cao Y, Li Y, Li L, Xu Y, Sun W. B-Cell-Derived TGF-β1 Inhibits Osteogenesis and Contributes to Bone Loss in Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2023:220345231161005. [PMID: 37082865 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231161005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells play a vital role in the elimination of periodontal pathogens, the regulation of the immune response, and the induction of tissue destruction. However, the role of B cells in the dysfunction of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation to osteoblasts in periodontitis (PD) has been poorly studied. Here we show that the frequency of CD45-CD105+CD73+ MSCs in inflamed periodontal tissues is significantly decreased in patients with PD compared with that of healthy controls. CD19+ B cells dominate the infiltrated immune cells in periodontal tissues of patients with PD. Besides, B-cell depletion therapy reduces the alveolar bone loss in a ligature-induced murine PD model. B cells from PD mice express a high level of TGF-β1 and inhibit osteoblast differentiation by upregulating p-Smad2/3 expression and downregulating Runx2 expression. The inhibitory effect of PD B cells on osteoblast differentiation is reduced by TGF-β1 neutralization or Smad2/3 inhibitor. Importantly, B-cell-specific knockout of TGF-β1 in PD mice significantly increases the number of CD45-CD105+Sca1+ MSCs, ALP-positive osteoblast activity, and alveolar bone volume but decreases TRAP-positive osteoclast activity compared with that from control littermates. Lastly, CD19+CD27+CD38- memory B cells dominate the B-cell infiltrates in periodontal tissues from both patients with PD and patients with PD after initial periodontal therapy. Memory B cells in periodontal tissues of patients with PD express a high level of TGF-β1 and inhibit MSC differentiation to osteoblasts. Thus, TGF-β1 produced by B cells may contribute to alveolar bone loss in periodontitis, in part, by suppressing osteoblast activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chen
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q Ni
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - C Bao
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Geng
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Sun
- Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Soares AP, Fischer H, Aydin S, Steffen C, Schmidt-Bleek K, Rendenbach C. Uncovering the unique characteristics of the mandible to improve clinical approaches to mandibular regeneration. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1152301. [PMID: 37008011 PMCID: PMC10063818 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1152301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The mandible (lower jaw) bone is aesthetically responsible for shaping the lower face, physiologically in charge of the masticatory movements, and phonetically accountable for the articulation of different phonemes. Thus, pathologies that result in great damage to the mandible severely impact the lives of patients. Mandibular reconstruction techniques are mainly based on the use of flaps, most notably free vascularized fibula flaps. However, the mandible is a craniofacial bone with unique characteristics. Its morphogenesis, morphology, physiology, biomechanics, genetic profile, and osteoimmune environment are different from any other non-craniofacial bone. This fact is especially important to consider during mandibular reconstruction, as all these differences result in unique clinical traits of the mandible that can impact the results of jaw reconstructions. Furthermore, overall changes in the mandible and the flap post-reconstruction may be dissimilar, and the replacement process of the bone graft tissue during healing can take years, which in some cases can result in postsurgical complications. Therefore, the present review highlights the uniqueness of the jaw and how this factor can influence the outcome of its reconstruction while using an exemplary clinical case of pseudoarthrosis in a free vascularized fibula flap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Prates Soares
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Ana Prates Soares,
| | - Heilwig Fischer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Centrum für Muskuloskeletale Chirurgie, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrin Aydin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudius Steffen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Rendenbach
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Grčević D, Sanjay A, Lorenzo J. Interactions of B-lymphocytes and bone cells in health and disease. Bone 2023; 168:116296. [PMID: 34942359 PMCID: PMC9936888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone remodeling occurs through the interactions of three major cell lineages, osteoblasts, which mediate bone formation, osteocytes, which derive from osteoblasts, sense mechanical force and direct bone turnover, and osteoclasts, which mediate bone resorption. However, multiple additional cell types within the bone marrow, including macrophages, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes influence the process. The bone marrow microenvironment, which is supported, in part, by bone cells, forms a nurturing network for B lymphopoiesis. In turn, developing B lymphocytes influence bone cells. Bone health during homeostasis depends on the normal interactions of bone cells with other lineages in the bone marrow. In disease state these interactions become pathologic and can cause abnormal function of bone cells and inadequate repair of bone after a fracture. This review summarizes what is known about the development of B lymphocytes and the interactions of B lymphocytes with bone cells in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danka Grčević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Archana Sanjay
- Department of Orthopaedics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Joseph Lorenzo
- Departments of Medicine and Orthopaedics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
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11
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Wang X, Shao L, Richardson KK, Ling W, Warren A, Krager K, Aykin-Burns N, Hromas R, Zhou D, Almeida M, Kim HN. Hematopoietic cytoplasmic adaptor protein Hem1 promotes osteoclast fusion and bone resorption in mice. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102841. [PMID: 36574841 PMCID: PMC9867982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hem1 (hematopoietic protein 1), a hematopoietic cell-specific member of the Hem family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins, is essential for lymphopoiesis and innate immunity as well as for the transition of hematopoiesis from the fetal liver to the bone marrow. However, the role of Hem1 in bone cell differentiation and bone remodeling is unknown. Here, we show that deletion of Hem1 resulted in a markedly increase in bone mass because of defective bone resorption in mice of both sexes. Hem1-deficient osteoclast progenitors were able to differentiate into osteoclasts, but the osteoclasts exhibited impaired osteoclast fusion and decreased bone-resorption activity, potentially because of decreased mitogen-activated protein kinase and tyrosine kinase c-Abl activity. Transplantation of bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from wildtype into Hem1 knockout mice increased bone resorption and normalized bone mass. These findings indicate that Hem1 plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of normal bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Lijian Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kimberly K Richardson
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research and Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Wen Ling
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research and Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Aaron Warren
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research and Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Kimberly Krager
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Nukhet Aykin-Burns
- Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Robert Hromas
- Department of Medicine, The Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Daohong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research and Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
| | - Ha-Neui Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research and Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
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12
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Ren Y, Bäcker H, Müller M, Kienzle A. The role of myeloid derived suppressor cells in musculoskeletal disorders. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1139683. [PMID: 36936946 PMCID: PMC10020351 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is closely linked to bone homeostasis and plays a pivotal role in several pathological and inflammatory conditions. Through various pathways it modulates various bone cells and subsequently sustains the physiological bone metabolism. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a group of heterogeneous immature myeloid-derived cells that can exert an immunosuppressive function through a direct cell-to-cell contact, secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines or specific exosomes. These cells mediate the innate immune response to chronic stress on the skeletal system. In chronic inflammation, MDSCs act as an inner offset to rebalance overactivation of the immune system. Moreover, they have been found to be involved in processes responsible for bone remodeling in different musculoskeletal disorders, autoimmune diseases, infection, and cancer. These cells can not only cause bone erosion by differentiating into osteoclasts, but also alleviate the immune reaction, subsequently leading to long-lastingly impacted bone remodeling. In this review, we discuss the impact of MDSCs on the bone metabolism under several pathological conditions, the involved modulatory pathways as well as potential therapeutic targets in MDSCs to improve bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Clinic for Orthopedics, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Bäcker
- Department of Orthopedics, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael Müller
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Clinic for Orthopedics, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arne Kienzle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Clinic for Orthopedics, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Arne Kienzle,
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13
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Zhang Y, Liang J, Liu P, Wang Q, Liu L, Zhao H. The RANK/RANKL/OPG system and tumor bone metastasis: Potential mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1063815. [PMID: 36589815 PMCID: PMC9800780 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1063815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the markedly increased diagnosis and incidence of cancer in the population, tumor bone metastasis has become a frequent event in tumor patients. Healthy bone integrity is maintained by a delicate balance between bone formation and bone resorption. Unfortunately, many tumors, such as prostate and breast, often metastasize to the bone, and the alterations to the bone homeostasis can particularly favor tumor homing and consequent osteolytic or osteoblastic lesions. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), its receptor RANK, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) are involved in the regulation of the activation, differentiation, and survival of osteoclasts, which play critical roles in bone metastasis formation. High rates of osteoclastic bone resorption significantly increase fracture risk, cause severe bone pain, and contribute to homing tumor cells in bone and bone marrow. Consequently, suppression of the RANK/RANKL/OPG system and osteoclastic activity can not only ameliorate bone resorption but may also prevent tumor bone metastases. This review summarizes the important role of the RANK/RANKL/OPG system and osteoclasts in bone homeostasis and its effect on tumor bone metastasis and discusses therapeutic strategies based on RANKL inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hongmou Zhao
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Honghui Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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14
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Khass M, Rashid H, Burrows PD, Javed A, Schroeder HW. Loss of early B cell protein λ5 decreases bone mass and accelerates skeletal aging. Front Immunol 2022; 13:906649. [PMID: 36189270 PMCID: PMC9516392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The early B cell protein λ5 is an essential component of the surrogate light chain and the preB cell receptor (preBCR), which is critical for optimal B cell development. To investigate the effect of λ5 and/or B cells on bone acquisition over time, we developed a panel of JH -/- , λ5-/-, JH -/- λ5-/-, and wild-type (WT) BALB/c mice and then studied postnatal bone development and aging in these mice at one, six, twelve, and twenty-two months of age. The trabecular bone volume over total volume (BV/TV) in JH -/- mice was similar to WT mice at all ages. In contrast, at six months of age and thereafter, λ5-/- and JH -/- λ5-/- mice demonstrated a severe decrease in trabecular bone mass. Surprisingly, bone mass in six-month-old λ5-/- and JH -/- λ5-/- mice was similar to or even lower than in aged (twenty-two-months) WT mice, suggesting accelerated skeletal aging. The postnatal development and the acquisition of cortical bone mass in JH -/- λ5-/- mice were generally comparable to WT. However, JH -/- λ5-/- mice showed a significant decrease in cortical BV/TV at six- and twelve months of age. To examine the contribution of λ5 and B cells to postnatal bone synthesis, we separately transplanted whole bone marrow cells from JH -/- λ5-/- and WT mice into irradiated JH -/- λ5-/- and WT recipients. WT recipients of JH -/- λ5-/- marrow cells failed to show acquisition of trabecular bone mass, whereas transplanting WT marrow cells into JH -/- λ5-/- recipients led to the recovery of trabecular bone mass. Transfer of WT marrow cells into JH -/- λ5-/- mice promoted synthesis of new cortical and trabecular bone. Our findings indicate that λ5 plays a major role in preserving bone mass during postnatal development and skeletal aging which is distinct from its role in B cell development. The absence of both λ5 and B cells in JH -/- λ5-/- mice leads to delayed acquisition of cortical bone during postnatal development. Dissecting the mechanism(s) by which λ5 regulates bone homeostasis may provide new avenues for the treatment of age-related loss of bone mass and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Khass
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Harunur Rashid
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Peter D. Burrows
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Amjad Javed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Harry W. Schroeder
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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15
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Zhao T, Chu Z, Ma J, Ouyang L. Immunomodulation Effect of Biomaterials on Bone Formation. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030103. [PMID: 35893471 PMCID: PMC9394331 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional bone replacement materials have been developed with the goal of directing the osteogenesis of osteoblastic cell lines toward differentiation and therefore achieving biomaterial-mediated osteogenesis, but the osteogenic effect has been disappointing. With advances in bone biology, it has been revealed that the local immune microenvironment has an important role in regulating the bone formation process. According to the bone immunology hypothesis, the immune system and the skeletal system are inextricably linked, with many cytokines and regulatory factors in common, and immune cells play an essential role in bone-related physiopathological processes. This review combines advances in bone immunology with biomaterial immunomodulatory properties to provide an overview of biomaterials-mediated immune responses to regulate bone regeneration, as well as methods to assess the bone immunomodulatory properties of bone biomaterials and how these strategies can be used for future bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Chu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of General Practitioners, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
- Correspondence: (L.O.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-21-52039999 (L.O.); +86-21-52039999 (J.M.)
| | - Liping Ouyang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.O.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-21-52039999 (L.O.); +86-21-52039999 (J.M.)
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16
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Wang J, Zhao Q, Chen B, Sun J, Huang J, Meng J, Li S, Yan W, Ren C, Hao L. Risk factors for metabolic bone disease of prematurity: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269180. [PMID: 35696368 PMCID: PMC9191712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the risk factors for metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP), and to provide a reference for the prevention of MBDP. Methods The databases including China Biomedical Literature Service System, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and Weipu Periodical Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and other databases were searched for studies on the risk factors for MBDP published up to June 18, 2021. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.1 software were used to perform a Meta analysis. Results A total of 15 articles were included, including 13 case-control studies, 1 current investigation, and 1 retrospective cohort study. There were 1,435 cases in the case group and 2,057 cases in the control group, with a total sample size of 3,492 cases. Meta analysis showed that risk factors for MBDP include birth weight <1000g (OR = 6.62, 95%CI: 2.28–19.25), gestational age <32 weeks (OR = 2.73, 95%CI: 1.07–6.95), septicemia (OR = 2.53, 95%CI: 1.69–3.79), parenteral nutrition time (OR = 4.04, 95%CI: 1.72–9.49), cholestasis (OR = 3.50, 95%CI: 1.49–8.23), intrauterine growth retardation (OR = 6.89, 95%CI: 3.81–12.44), while the birth weight(OR = 0.44, 95%CI: 0.21–0.90) and gestational age (OR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.44–0.73)are the protective factors of MBDP. Conclusion Factors like birth weight <1000g, gestational age <32 weeks, septicemia, parenteral nutrition time, cholestasis, and intrauterine growth retardation may increase the risk of metabolic bone disease of prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Baochang Chen
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jingfei Sun
- People’s Hospital of Zhengding County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiayu Huang
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Meng
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shangbin Li
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Weichen Yan
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Changjun Ren
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- * E-mail: (CR); (LH)
| | - Ling Hao
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- * E-mail: (CR); (LH)
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17
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Ding P, Tan Q, Wei Z, Chen Q, Wang C, Qi L, Wen L, Zhang C, Yao C. Toll-like receptor 9 deficiency induces osteoclastic bone loss via gut microbiota-associated systemic chronic inflammation. Bone Res 2022; 10:42. [PMID: 35624094 PMCID: PMC9142495 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play pivotal roles in inflammation and provide important links between the immune and skeletal systems. Although the activation of TLRs may affect osteoclast differentiation and bone metabolism, whether and how TLRs are required for normal bone remodeling remains to be fully explored. In the current study, we show for the first time that TLR9-/- mice exhibit a low bone mass and low-grade systemic chronic inflammation, which is characterized by the expansion of CD4+ T cells and increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα, RANKL, and IL1β. The increased levels of these cytokines significantly promote osteoclastogenesis and induce bone loss. Importantly, TLR9 deletion alters the gut microbiota, and this dysbiosis is the basis of the systemic inflammation and bone loss observed in TLR9-/- mice. Furthermore, through single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified myeloid-biased hematopoiesis in the bone marrow of TLR9-/- mice and determined that the increase in myelopoiesis, likely caused by the adaptation of hematopoietic stem cells to systemic inflammation, also contributes to inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis and subsequent bone loss in TLR9-/- mice. Thus, our study provides novel evidence that TLR9 signaling connects the gut microbiota, immune system, and bone and is critical in maintaining the homeostasis of inflammation, hematopoiesis, and bone metabolism under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyuan Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanying Wei
- Department of Osteoporosis and Skeletal Disorders, Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Osteoporosis and Skeletal Disorders, Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyue Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Wen
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chen Yao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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18
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He S, Kang K, Jing Y, Wang Q. Plasma EBF1 as a Novel Biomarker for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. J Clin Densitom 2022; 25:230-236. [PMID: 34272166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (OPO) is one of the most common types of primary osteoporosis. There is currently lack of a plasma biomarker for sensitive and early diagnosis of OPO. Here we aimed to explore the potential of early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) as a new plasma biomarker of OPO. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the plasma EBF1 levels. Absorptiometry markers, such as lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral density (BMD) and LS T score were obtained after X-ray scans. Biochemical analyses used to measure osteopontin (OPN), β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptides and total N-terminal procollagen of type-I collagen levels of patients with osteopenia (OPE, n = 81), osteoporosis (OPO, n = 98) as well as healthy subjects (NC, n = 110). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the plasma levels of PAX5 and GSTP1, which are target genes of EBF1. EBF1 was downregulated in OPO patients. Levels of EBF1 were positively correlated to clinicopathological characteristics, including LS BMD and LS T scores, and negatively correlated to OPN and total N-terminal procollagen of type-I collagen levels. Increased PAX5 and GSTP1 levels also demonstrated strong correlations with higher EBF1, LS BMD and LS T score. Anti-osteoporotic treatment resulted in significant upregulation of EBF1, PAX5 and GSTP1 at 6 mo after treatment. Our study suggests that plasma EBF1 is a potential biomarker for diagnosing and assessing treatment outcome of OPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi He
- The Second Ward of Department of Orthopedics, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai Kang
- The Second Ward of Department of Orthopedics, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanhai Jing
- The Second Ward of Department of Orthopedics, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Second Ward of Department of Orthopedics, Daqing Longnan Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
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19
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Estrogen-mediated downregulation of HIF-1α signaling in B lymphocytes influences postmenopausal bone loss. Bone Res 2022; 10:15. [PMID: 35177582 PMCID: PMC8854586 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the bone marrow, B cells and bone-resorbing osteoclasts colocalize and form a specific microenvironment. How B cells functionally influence osteoclasts and bone architecture is poorly understood. Using genetically modified mice and high-throughput analyses, we demonstrate that prolonged HIF-1α signaling in B cells leads to enhanced RANKL production and osteoclast formation. In addition, deletion of HIF-1α in B cells prevents estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in mice. Mechanistically, estrogen controls HIF-1α protein stabilization through HSP70-mediated degradation in bone marrow B cells. The stabilization of HIF-1α protein in HSP70-deficient bone marrow B cells promotes RANKL production and osteoclastogenesis. Induction of HSP70 expression by geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) administration alleviates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Moreover, RANKL gene expression has a positive correlation with HIF1A expression in human B cells. In conclusion, HIF-1α signaling in B cells is crucial for the control of osteoclastogenesis, and the HSP70/HIF-1α axis may serve as a new therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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20
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Update on B Cell Response in Periodontitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1373:175-193. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Deng Z, Zhang Q, Zhao Z, Li Y, Chen X, Lin Z, Deng Z, Liu J, Duan L, Wang D, Li W. Crosstalk between immune cells and bone cells or chondrocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108179. [PMID: 34601329 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The term "osteoimmunology" was coined to denote the bridge between the immune system and the skeletal system. Osteoimmunology is interdisciplinary, and a full understanding and development of this "bridge" will provide an in-depth understanding of the switch between body health and disease development. B lymphocytes can promote the maturation and differentiation of osteoclasts, and osteoclasts have a negative feedback effect on B lymphocytes. Different subtypes of T lymphocytes regulate osteoclasts in different directions. T lymphocytes have a two-way regulatory effect on osteoblasts, while B lymphocytes have minimal regulatory effects on osteoblasts. In contrast, osteoblasts can promote the differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. Different immune cells have different effects on chondrocytes; some cooperate with each other, while some antagonize each other. In a healthy adult body, bone resorption and bone formation are in a dynamic balance under the action of multiple mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the interactions and key signaling molecular mechanisms between each type of cell in the immune system and the skeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Deng
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yongshen Li
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zicong Lin
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhenhan Deng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Li Duan
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Daping Wang
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Wencui Li
- Hand and Foot Surgery Department, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/ the First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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22
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Rajakumar SA, Papp E, Lee KK, Grandal I, Merico D, Liu CC, Allo B, Zhang L, Grynpas MD, Minden MD, Hitzler JK, Guidos CJ, Danska JS. B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells mediate RANK-RANKL-dependent bone destruction. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/561/eaba5942. [PMID: 32938796 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba5942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although most children survive B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), they frequently experience long-term, treatment-related health problems, including osteopenia and osteonecrosis. Because some children present with fractures at ALL diagnosis, we considered the possibility that leukemic B cells contribute directly to bone pathology. To identify potential mechanisms of B-ALL-driven bone destruction, we examined the p53 -/-; Rag2 -/-; Prkdcscid/scid triple mutant (TM) mice and p53 -/-; Prkdcscid/scid double mutant (DM) mouse models of spontaneous B-ALL. In contrast to DM animals, leukemic TM mice displayed brittle bones, and the TM leukemic cells overexpressed Rankl, encoding receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand. RANKL is a key regulator of osteoclast differentiation and bone loss. Transfer of TM leukemic cells into immunodeficient recipient mice caused trabecular bone loss. To determine whether human B-ALL can exert similar effects, we evaluated primary human B-ALL blasts isolated at diagnosis for RANKL expression and their impact on bone pathology after their transplantation into NOD.Prkdcscid/scidIl2rgtm1Wjl /SzJ (NSG) recipient mice. Primary B-ALL cells conferred bone destruction evident in increased multinucleated osteoclasts, trabecular bone loss, destruction of the metaphyseal growth plate, and reduction in adipocyte mass in these patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). Treating PDX mice with the RANKL antagonist recombinant osteoprotegerin-Fc (rOPG-Fc) protected the bone from B-ALL-induced destruction even under conditions of heavy tumor burden. Our data demonstrate a critical role of the RANK-RANKL axis in causing B-ALL-mediated bone pathology and provide preclinical support for RANKL-targeted therapy trials to reduce acute and long-term bone destruction in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeetha A Rajakumar
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Eniko Papp
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Kathy K Lee
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ildiko Grandal
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Daniele Merico
- Center for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Careesa C Liu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Bedilu Allo
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - Lucia Zhang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marc D Grynpas
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Johann K Hitzler
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Cynthia J Guidos
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jayne S Danska
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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23
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Chen W, Zhang Z, Dai S, Xu L. Risk factors for metabolic bone disease among preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation with Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:235. [PMID: 34001070 PMCID: PMC8127285 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02705-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) infants present an increased incidence of metabolic bone disease (MBD), but it is unknown which factors contribute to this. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for developing MBD in BPD infants. Methods A retrospective review of the medical records of BPD infants admitted to the Neonatal intensive care unit at Zhangzhou Hospital between Jun 2016 and May 2020 was performed. BPD infants with MBD were identified, two contemporaneous without MBD matched by gestational age and gender were randomly selected as controls for each case of MBD. The association between putative risk factors and MBD was estimated with ORs and 95% CIs. A P-value threshold ≤0.2 was used in univariate analysis for inclusion into a multivariate (adjusted) model with a P-value of < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results A total of 156 BPD infants were enrolled with 52 cases of MBD and 104 controls. Fetal growth restriction (OR 6.00, 95% CI, 1.81–19.84), extremely low birth weight (OR 3.10, 95% CI, 1.07–8.94), feeding volume < 80 mL/kg/d at the end of the 4th week after birth (OR 14.98, 95% CI, 4.04–55.58), cholestasis (OR 4.44, 95% CI, 1.59–12.40), late onset sepsis (OR 3.95, 95% CI, 1.12–13.98) and prolonged (> 2 weeks) diuretics application (OR 5.45, 95% CI, 1.25–23.84) were found to be statistically significant risk factors for MBD in BPD infants. Conclusion In BPD infants of homogeneous gestational age, fetal growth restriction, extremely low birth weight, feeding volume < 80 mL/kg/d at the end of the 4th week after birth, cholestasis and late onset sepsis are significant risk factors for MBD. These findings provide potential predictive factors for MBD in BPD infants and warrant prospective validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Chen
- Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Shengli W Rd, Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Shengli W Rd, Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shuzhen Dai
- Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Shengli W Rd, Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liping Xu
- Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Shengli W Rd, Xiangcheng District, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China.
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24
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Moussa FM, Cook BP, Sondag GR, DeSanto M, Obri MS, McDermott SE, Safadi FF. The role of miR-150 regulates bone cell differentiation and function. Bone 2021; 145:115470. [PMID: 32526406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND mir-RNAs play a role in regulating bone homeostasis. In this study we assessed the functional role of mir-RNA 150 in bone homeostasis. We also assess the effects of miR-150 deficiency on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function using in vivo and in vitro approaches. METHODS Wild type (WT) (C57BL/6J) and miR-150 KO mice were compared for a variety of parameters. Micro-CT imaging was conducted to quantify trabecular bone mass inferior to the distal growth plate of the femur. Von Kossa staining was performed for osteoblast culture mineralization. RT-qPCR, biochemical analysis and bone histomorphometry were utilized for quantification of relevant genes and serum protein measurements. Differentiation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts was performed using primarily cultures and assessed the cell autonomous response of mir-RNA-150 on cell differentiation and function. RESULTS Mir-150 exhibited expression in a variety of tissues and increases progressively with age. Through micro-CT imaging, we found that KO mice presented reduced bone mass at 4, 8, and 16 weeks of age compared to WT mice. Furthermore, histomorphometric analysis revealed increased trabecular separation, decreased bone thickness, and decreased osteoblast number in KO compared to WT mice. Mir-150 deficiency also correlated with higher bone resorption, accompanied with significant increases in CTX-1 serum levels, and a decrease in cell apoptotic rate ex vivo. Additionally, miR-150 KO mice showed increased osteoblast differentiation and decreased osteoclastogenesis ex vivo. Luciferase assay showed increased Osteoactivin/GPNMB expression in miR-150 KO osteoblasts compared to WT cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that miR-150 influences osteoblast and osteoclast functionality and differentiation; specifically, miR-150 serves as a negative regulator for osteoblasts and a positive regulator for osteoclasts by regulating, at least in part, Osteoactivin/GPNMB expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad M Moussa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States of America
| | - Bryson P Cook
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, United States of America
| | - Greg R Sondag
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States of America
| | - Matthew DeSanto
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, United States of America
| | - Mark S Obri
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, United States of America
| | - Scott E McDermott
- Department of Orthopaedics, SUMMA Health System, Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, United States of America
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University (NEOMED), College of Medicine, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; Musculoskeletal Research Group, NEOMED, Rootstown, OH, United States of America; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States of America; Department of Orthopaedics, SUMMA Health System, Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, United States of America.
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25
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Hathaway-Schrader JD, Novince CM. Maintaining homeostatic control of periodontal bone tissue. Periodontol 2000 2021; 86:157-187. [PMID: 33690918 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar bone is a unique osseous tissue due to the proximity of dental plaque biofilms. Periodontal health and homeostasis are mediated by a balanced host immune response to these polymicrobial biofilms. Dysbiotic shifts within dental plaque biofilms can drive a proinflammatory immune response state in the periodontal epithelial and gingival connective tissues, which leads to paracrine signaling to subjacent bone cells. Sustained chronic periodontal inflammation disrupts "coupled" osteoclast-osteoblast actions, which ultimately result in alveolar bone destruction. This chapter will provide an overview of alveolar bone physiology and will highlight why the oral microbiota is a critical regulator of alveolar bone remodeling. The ecology of dental plaque biofilms will be discussed in the context that periodontitis is a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. The pathogenesis of periodontal bone loss will be explained from both a historical and current perspective, providing the opportunity to revisit the role of fibrosis in alveolar bone destruction. Periodontal immune cell interactions with bone cells will be reviewed based on our current understanding of osteoimmunological mechanisms influencing alveolar bone remodeling. Lastly, probiotic and prebiotic interventions in the oral microbiota will be evaluated as potential noninvasive therapies to support alveolar bone homeostasis and prevent periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chad M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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26
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Sun M, Chen Z, Wu X, Yu Y, Wang L, Lu A, Zhang G, Li F. The Roles of Sclerostin in Immune System and the Applications of Aptamers in Immune-Related Research. Front Immunol 2021; 12:602330. [PMID: 33717084 PMCID: PMC7946814 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.602330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is one of the fundamental pathways that play a major role in almost every aspect of biological systems. In addition to the well-known influence of Wnt signaling on bone formation, its essential role in the immune system also attracted increasing attention. Sclerostin, a confirmed Wnt antagonist, is also proven to modulate the development and differentiation of normal immune cells, particularly B cells. Aptamers, single-stranded (ss) oligonucleotides, are capable of specifically binding to a variety of target molecules by virtue of their unique three-dimensional structures. With in-depth study of those functional nucleic acids, they have been gradually applied to diagnostic and therapeutic area in immune diseases due to their various advantages over antibodies. In this review, we focus on several issues including the roles of Wnt signaling and Wnt antagonist sclerostin in the immune system. For the sake of understanding, current examples of aptamers applications for the immune diseases are also discussed. At the end of this review, we propose our ideas for the future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiheng Sun
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Wu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
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27
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Noirrit-Esclassan E, Valera MC, Tremollieres F, Arnal JF, Lenfant F, Fontaine C, Vinel A. Critical Role of Estrogens on Bone Homeostasis in Both Male and Female: From Physiology to Medical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041568. [PMID: 33557249 PMCID: PMC7913980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a multi-skilled tissue, protecting major organs, regulating calcium phosphate balance and producing hormones. Its development during childhood determines height and stature as well as resistance against fracture in advanced age. Estrogens are key regulators of bone turnover in both females and males. These hormones play a major role in longitudinal and width growth throughout puberty as well as in the regulation of bone turnover. In women, estrogen deficiency is one of the major causes of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In this review, we will summarize the main clinical and experimental studies reporting the effects of estrogens not only in females but also in males, during different life stages. Effects of estrogens on bone involve either Estrogen Receptor (ER)α or ERβ depending on the type of bone (femur, vertebrae, tibia, mandible), the compartment (trabecular or cortical), cell types involved (osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes) and sex. Finally, we will discuss new ongoing strategies to increase the benefit/risk ratio of the hormonal treatment of menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Noirrit-Esclassan
- I2MC, INSERM UMR 1297, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France; (E.N.-E.); (M.-C.V.); (F.T.); (J.-F.A.); (F.L.); (C.F.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Valera
- I2MC, INSERM UMR 1297, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France; (E.N.-E.); (M.-C.V.); (F.T.); (J.-F.A.); (F.L.); (C.F.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Tremollieres
- I2MC, INSERM UMR 1297, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France; (E.N.-E.); (M.-C.V.); (F.T.); (J.-F.A.); (F.L.); (C.F.)
- Menopause and Metabolic Bone Disease Center, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, University Hospital of Toulouse, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Francois Arnal
- I2MC, INSERM UMR 1297, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France; (E.N.-E.); (M.-C.V.); (F.T.); (J.-F.A.); (F.L.); (C.F.)
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- I2MC, INSERM UMR 1297, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France; (E.N.-E.); (M.-C.V.); (F.T.); (J.-F.A.); (F.L.); (C.F.)
| | - Coralie Fontaine
- I2MC, INSERM UMR 1297, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France; (E.N.-E.); (M.-C.V.); (F.T.); (J.-F.A.); (F.L.); (C.F.)
| | - Alexia Vinel
- I2MC, INSERM UMR 1297, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France; (E.N.-E.); (M.-C.V.); (F.T.); (J.-F.A.); (F.L.); (C.F.)
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Toulouse III, F-31000 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-5-61-77-36-10
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28
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Lappin KM, Mills KI, Lappin TR. Erythropoietin in bone homeostasis-Implications for efficacious anemia therapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:836-843. [PMID: 33475252 PMCID: PMC8133338 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis and hematopoiesis are irrevocably linked in the hypoxic environment of the bone marrow. Erythropoietin (Epo) regulates erythropoiesis by binding to its receptor, Epor, on erythroid progenitor cells. The continuous process of bone remodeling is achieved by the finely balanced activity of osteoblasts in bone synthesis and osteoclasts in bone resorption. Both osteoblasts and osteoclasts express functional Epors, but the underlying mechanism of Epo‐Epor signaling in bone homeostasis is incompletely understood. Two recent publications have provided new insights into the contribution of endogenous Epo to bone homeostasis. Suresh et al examined Epo‐Epor signaling in osteoblasts in bone formation in mice and Deshet‐Unger et al investigated osteoclastogenesis arising from transdifferentiation of B cells. Both groups also studied bone loss in mice caused by exogenous human recombinant EPO‐stimulated erythropoiesis. They found that either deletion of Epor in osteoblasts or conditional knockdown of Epor in B cells attenuates EPO‐driven bone loss. These findings have direct clinical implications because patients on long‐term treatment for anemia may have an increased risk of bone fractures. Phase 3 trials of small molecule inhibitors of the PHD enzymes (hypoxia inducible factor‐prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors [HIF‐PHIs]), such as Roxadustat, have shown improved iron metabolism and increased circulating Epo levels in a titratable manner, avoiding the supraphysiologic increases that often accompany intravenous EPO therapy. The new evidence presented by Suresh and Deshet‐Unger and their colleagues on the effects of EPO‐stimulated erythropoiesis on bone homeostasis seems likely to stimulate discussion on the relative merits and safety of EPO and HIF‐PHIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina M Lappin
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ken I Mills
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Terence R Lappin
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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29
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Yang N, Liu Y. The Role of the Immune Microenvironment in Bone Regeneration. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3697-3707. [PMID: 34790042 PMCID: PMC8579305 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.61080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is an active tissue, being constantly renewed in healthy individuals with participation of the immune system to a large extent. Any imbalance between the processes of bone formation and bone resorption is linked to various inflammatory bone diseases. The immune system plays an important role in tissue formation and bone resorption. Recently, many studies have demonstrated complex interactions between the immune and skeletal systems. Both of immune cells and cytokines contribute to the regulation of bone homeostasis, and bone cells, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, also influence the cellular functions of immune cells. These crosstalk mechanisms between the bone and immune system finally emerged, forming a new field of research called osteoimmunology. Therefore, the immune microenvironment is crucial in determining the speed and outcome of bone healing, repair, and regeneration. In this review, we summarise the role of the immune microenvironment in bone regeneration from the aspects of immune cells and immune cytokines. The elucidation of immune mechanisms involved in the process of bone regeneration would provide new therapeutic targets for improving the curative effects of bone injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
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30
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Kolomansky A, Kaye I, Ben-Califa N, Gorodov A, Awida Z, Sadovnic O, Ibrahim M, Liron T, Hiram-Bab S, Oster HS, Sarid N, Perry C, Gabet Y, Mittelman M, Neumann D. Anti-CD20-Mediated B Cell Depletion Is Associated With Bone Preservation in Lymphoma Patients and Bone Mass Increase in Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:561294. [PMID: 33193330 PMCID: PMC7604358 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.561294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with anti-CD20-specific antibodies (rituximab), has become the standard of care for B cell lymphoproliferative disorders and many autoimmune diseases. In rheumatological patients the effect of rituximab on bone mass yielded conflicting results, while in lymphoma patients it has not yet been described. Here, we used cross-sectional X-ray imaging (CT/PET-CT) to serially assess bone density in patients with follicular lymphoma receiving rituximab maintenance therapy. Remarkably, this treatment prevented the decline in bone mass observed in the control group of patients who did not receive active maintenance therapy. In accordance with these data, anti-CD20-mediated B cell depletion in normal C57BL/6J female mice led to a significant increase in bone mass, as reflected by a 7.7% increase in bone mineral density (whole femur), and a ~5% increase in cortical as well as trabecular tissue mineral density. Administration of anti-CD20 antibodies resulted in a significant decrease in osteoclastogenic signals, including RANKL, which correlated with a reduction in osteoclastogenic potential of bone marrow cells derived from B-cell-depleted animals. Taken together, our data suggest that in addition to its anti-tumor activity, anti-CD20 treatment has a favorable effect on bone mass. Our murine studies indicate that B cell depletion has a direct effect on bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Kolomansky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Medicine A, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Kaye
- Department of Medicine A, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nathalie Ben-Califa
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anton Gorodov
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Open University of Israel, Ra'anana, Israel
| | - Zamzam Awida
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sadovnic
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Radiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maria Ibrahim
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Liron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sahar Hiram-Bab
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Howard S Oster
- Department of Medicine A, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nadav Sarid
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Institute of Hematology, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chava Perry
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Institute of Hematology, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Moshe Mittelman
- Department of Medicine A, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Drorit Neumann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Li S, Liu Q, Wu D, He T, Yuan J, Qiu H, Tickner J, Zheng SG, Li X, Xu J, Rong L. PKC-δ deficiency in B cells displays osteopenia accompanied with upregulation of RANKL expression and osteoclast-osteoblast uncoupling. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:762. [PMID: 32938907 PMCID: PMC7494897 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02947-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PKC-δ is an important molecule for B-cell proliferation and tolerance. B cells have long been recognized to play a part in osteoimmunology and pathological bone loss. However, the role of B cells with PKC-δ deficiency in bone homeostasis and the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We generated mice with PKC-δ deletion selectively in B cells by crossing PKC-δ-loxP mice with CD19-Cre mice. We studied their bone phenotype using micro-CT and histology. Next, immune organs were obtained and analyzed. Western blotting was used to determine the RANKL/OPG ratio in vitro in B-cell cultures, ELISA assay and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze in vivo RANKL/OPG balance in serum and bone sections respectively. Finally, we utilized osteoclastogenesis to study osteoclast function via hydroxyapatite resorption assay, and isolated primary calvaria osteoblasts to investigate osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. We also investigated osteoclast and osteoblast biology in co-culture with B-cell supernatants. We found that mice with PKC-δ deficiency in B cells displayed an osteopenia phenotype in the trabecular and cortical compartment of long bones. In addition, PKC-δ deletion resulted in changes of trabecular bone structure in association with activation of osteoclast bone resorption and decrease in osteoblast parameters. As expected, inactivation of PKC-δ in B cells resulted in changes in spleen B-cell number, function, and distribution. Consistently, the RANKL/OPG ratio was elevated remarkably in B-cell culture, in the serum and in bone specimens after loss of PKC-δ in B cells. Finally, in vitro analysis revealed that PKC-δ ablation suppressed osteoclast differentiation and function but co-culture with B-cell supernatant reversed the suppression effect, as well as impaired osteoblast proliferation and function, indicative of osteoclast–osteoblast uncoupling. In conclusion, PKC-δ plays an important role in the interplay between B cells in the immune system and bone cells in the pathogenesis of bone lytic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangfu Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qiuli Liu
- The Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China
| | - Depeng Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianwei He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinbo Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Heng Qiu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Pharmacology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, China.
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32
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Mensah KA, Chen JW, Schickel JN, Isnardi I, Yamakawa N, Vega-Loza A, Anolik JH, Gatti RA, Gelfand EW, Montgomery RR, Horowitz MC, Craft JE, Meffre E. Impaired ATM activation in B cells is associated with bone resorption in rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/519/eaaw4626. [PMID: 31748230 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw4626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may display atypical CD21-/lo B cells in their blood, but the implication of this observation remains unclear. We report here that the group of patients with RA and elevated frequencies of CD21-/lo B cells shows decreased ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) expression and activation in B cells compared with other patients with RA and healthy donor controls. In agreement with ATM involvement in the regulation of V(D)J recombination, patients with RA who show defective ATM function displayed a skewed B cell receptor (BCR) Igκ repertoire, which resembled that of patients with ataxia telangiectasia (AT). This repertoire was characterized by increased Jκ1 and decreased upstream Vκ gene segment usage, suggesting improper secondary recombination processes and selection. In addition, altered ATM function in B cells was associated with decreased osteoprotegerin and increased receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) production. These changes favor bone loss and correlated with a higher prevalence of erosive disease in patients with RA who show impaired ATM function. Using a humanized mouse model, we also show that ATM inhibition in vivo induces an altered Igκ repertoire and RANKL production by immature B cells in the bone marrow, leading to decreased bone density. We conclude that dysregulated ATM function in B cells promotes bone erosion and the emergence of circulating CD21-/lo B cells, thereby contributing to RA pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kofi A Mensah
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jeff W Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jean-Nicolas Schickel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | | | - Natsuko Yamakawa
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Andrea Vega-Loza
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Richard A Gatti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Erwin W Gelfand
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80113, USA
| | - Ruth R Montgomery
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Joe E Craft
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Eric Meffre
- Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. .,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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Guo X, Xu T, Zheng J, Cui X, Li M, Wang K, Su M, Zhang H, Zheng K, Sun C, Song S, Liu H. Accumulation of synovial fluid CD19 +CD24 hiCD27 + B cells was associated with bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14386. [PMID: 32873834 PMCID: PMC7462986 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells were proved to be numerically decreased and functionally impaired in the peripheral blood (PB) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), with the potential of converting into osteoclast-priming cells. However, the distribution and function of CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells in RA synovial fluid (SF) were unclear. In this study, we investigated whether RA SF CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells were increased and associated with bone destruction. We found that the proportion of RA SF CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells was increased significantly, and was positively correlated with swollen joint counts, tender joint counts and disease activity. CXCL12, CXCL13, CCL19 contributed to the recruitment of CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells in RA SF. Notably, CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells in the SF from RA expressed significantly more RANKL compared to OA and that in the PB from RA. Critically, RA CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells promoted osteoclast (OC) differentiation in vitro, and the number of OCs was higher in cultures with RA SF CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells than in those derived from RA PB. Collectively, these findings revealed the accumulation of CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells in SF and their likely contribution to joint destruction in RA. Modulating the status of CD19+CD24hiCD27+ B cells might provide novel therapeutic strategies for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiangjun Cui
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Min Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huifang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chongling Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shulin Song
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Hongjiang Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 4, Hudi Street, Xiling District, Yichang, 443000, Hubei Province, China.
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34
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Deshet-Unger N, Kolomansky A, Ben-Califa N, Hiram-Bab S, Gilboa D, Liron T, Ibrahim M, Awida Z, Gorodov A, Oster HS, Mittelman M, Rauner M, Wielockx B, Gabet Y, Neumann D. Erythropoietin receptor in B cells plays a role in bone remodeling in mice. Theranostics 2020; 10:8744-8756. [PMID: 32754275 PMCID: PMC7392011 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a key regulator of erythropoiesis. However, EPO receptors (EPO-Rs) are also expressed on non-erythroid cell types, including myeloid and bone cells. Immune cells also participate in bone homeostasis. B cells produce receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), two pivotal regulators of bone metabolism. Here we explored the ability of B cells to transdifferentiate into functional osteoclasts and examined the role of EPO in this process in a murine model. Methods: We have combined specifically-designed experimental mouse models and in vitro based osteoclastogenesis assays, as well as PCR analysis of gene expression. Results: (i) EPO treatment in vivo increased RANKL expression in bone marrow (BM) B cells, suggesting a paracrine effect on osteoclastogenesis; (ii) B cell-derived osteoclastogenesis occured in vivo and in vitro, as demonstrated by B cell lineage tracing in murine models; (iii) B-cell-derived osteoclastogenesis in vitro was restricted to Pro-B cells expressing CD115/CSF1-R and is enhanced by EPO; (iv) EPO treatment increased the number of B-cell-derived preosteoclasts (β3+CD115+), suggesting a physiological rationale for B cell derived osteoclastogenesis; (v) finally, mice with conditional EPO-R knockdown in the B cell lineage (cKD) displayed a higher cortical and trabecular bone mass. Moreover, cKD displayed attenuated EPO-driven trabecular bone loss, an effect that was observed despite the fact that cKD mice attained higher hemoglobin levels following EPO treatment. Conclusions: Our work highlights B cells as an important extra-erythropoietic target of EPO-EPO-R signaling and suggests their involvement in the regulation of bone homeostasis and possibly in EPO-stimulated erythropoietic response. Importantly, we present here for the first time, histological evidence for B cell-derived osteoclastogenesis in vivo.
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35
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Xie Y, Hu C, Feng Y, Li D, Ai T, Huang Y, Chen X, Huang L, Tan J. Osteoimmunomodulatory effects of biomaterial modification strategies on macrophage polarization and bone regeneration. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:233-245. [PMID: 32523726 PMCID: PMC7266668 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials as bone substitutes are always considered as foreign bodies that can trigger host immune responses. Traditional designing principles have been always aimed at minimizing the immune reactions by fabricating inert biomaterials. However, clinical evidence revealed that those methods still have limitations and many of which were only feasible in the laboratory. Currently, osteoimmunology, the very pioneering concept is drawing more and more attention-it does not simply regard the immune response as an obstacle during bone healing but emphasizes the intimate relationship of the immune and skeletal system, which includes diverse cells, cytokines, and signaling pathways. Properties of biomaterials like topography, wettability, surface charge, the release of cytokines, mediators, ions and other bioactive molecules can impose effects on immune responses to interfere with the skeletal system. Based on the bone formation mechanisms, the designing methods of the biomaterials change from immune evasive to immune reprogramming. Here, we discuss the osteoimmunomodulatory effects of the new modification strategies-adjusting properties of bone biomaterials to induce a favorable osteoimmune environment. Such strategies showed potential to benefit the development of bone materials and lay a solid foundation for the future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Danfeng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Ai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yulei Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Lijia Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
| | - Jiali Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
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Xie Y, Zhang L, Xiong Q, Gao Y, Ge W, Tang P. Bench-to-bedside strategies for osteoporotic fracture: From osteoimmunology to mechanosensation. Bone Res 2019; 7:25. [PMID: 31646015 PMCID: PMC6804735 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-019-0066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mass and strength, rendering people prone to osteoporotic fractures caused by low-energy forces. The primary treatment strategy for osteoporotic fractures is surgery; however, the compromised and comminuted bones in osteoporotic fracture sites are not conducive to optimum reduction and rigid fixation. In addition, these patients always exhibit accompanying aging-related disorders, including high inflammatory status, decreased mechanical loading and abnormal skeletal metabolism, which are disadvantages for fracture healing around sites that have undergone orthopedic procedures. Since the incidence of osteoporosis is expected to increase worldwide, orthopedic surgeons should pay more attention to comprehensive strategies for improving the poor prognosis of osteoporotic fractures. Herein, we highlight the molecular basis of osteoimmunology and bone mechanosensation in different healing phases of elderly osteoporotic fractures, guiding perioperative management to alleviate the unfavorable effects of insufficient mechanical loading, high inflammatory levels and pathogen infection. The well-informed pharmacologic and surgical intervention, including treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs and sufficient application of antibiotics, as well as bench-to-bedside strategies for bone augmentation and hardware selection, should be made according to a comprehensive understanding of bone biomechanical properties in addition to the remodeling status of osteoporotic bones, which is necessary for creating proper biological and mechanical environments for bone union and remodeling. Multidisciplinary collaboration will facilitate the improvement of overall osteoporotic care and reduction of secondary fracture incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Licheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanpan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology and Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peifu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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37
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Wagner JM, Reinkemeier F, Wallner C, Dadras M, Huber J, Schmidt SV, Drysch M, Dittfeld S, Jaurich H, Becerikli M, Becker K, Rauch N, Duhan V, Lehnhardt M, Behr B. Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Are Capable of Restoring Bone Regeneration After Post-Traumatic Osteomyelitis and Modulate B-Cell Response. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1084-1091. [PMID: 31179644 PMCID: PMC6766598 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone infections are a frequent cause for large bony defects with a reduced healing capacity. In previous findings, we could already show diminished healing capacity after bone infections, despite the absence of the causing agent, Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, these bony defects showed reduced osteoblastogenesis and increased osteoclastogenesis, meaning elevated bone resorption ongoing with an elevated B‐cell activity. To overcome the negative effects of this postinfectious inflammatory state, we tried to use the regenerative capacity of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (adipose‐derived stem cells [ASCs]) to improve bone regeneration and moreover were curious about immunomodulation of applicated stem cells in this setting. Therefore, we used our established murine animal model and applicated ASCs locally after sufficient debridement of infected bones. Bone regeneration and resorption as well as immunological markers were investigated via histology, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and fluorescence‐activated cell scanning (FACS) analysis and μ‐computed tomography (CT) analysis. Interestingly, ASCs were able to restore bone healing via elevation of osteoblastogenesis and downregulation of osteoclasts. Surprisingly, stem cells showed an impact on the innate immune system, downregulating B‐cell population. In summary, these data provide a fascinating new and innovative approach, supporting bone healing after bacterial infections and moreover gain insights into the complex ceremony of stem cell interaction in terms of bone infection and regeneration. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:1084–1091
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Reinkemeier
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christoph Wallner
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mehran Dadras
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Julika Huber
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sonja Verena Schmidt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marius Drysch
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephanie Dittfeld
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Henriette Jaurich
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mustafa Becerikli
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Rauch
- Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Poliklinik für Kieferorthopädie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vikas Duhan
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Björn Behr
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital BG Bergmannsheil Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Zhu W, Xu C, Zhang JG, He H, Wu KH, Zhang L, Zeng Y, Zhou Y, Su KJ, Deng HW. Gene-based GWAS analysis for consecutive studies of GEFOS. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:2645-2658. [PMID: 30306226 PMCID: PMC6279247 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4654-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED By integrating the multilevel biological evidence and bioinformatics analyses, the present study represents a systemic endeavor to identify BMD-associated genes and their roles in skeletal metabolism. INTRODUCTION Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have already identified about 100 loci associated with bone mineral density (BMD), but these loci only explain a small proportion of heritability to osteoporosis risk. In the present study, we performed a gene-based analysis of the largest GWASs in the bone field to identify additional BMD-associated genes. METHODS BMD-associated genes were identified by combining the summary statistic P values of SNPs across individual genes in the two consecutive meta-analyses of GWASs from the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis (GEFOS) studies. The potential functionality of these genes to bone was partially assessed by differential gene expression analysis. Additionally, the consistency of the identification of potential bone mineral density (BMD)-associated variants were evaluated by estimating the correlation of the P values of the same single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/genes between the two consecutive Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis Studies (GEFOS) with largely overlapping samples. RESULTS Compared to the SNP-based analysis, the gene-based strategy identified additional BMD-associated genes with genome-wide significance and increased their mutual replication between the two GEFOS datasets. Among these BMD-associated genes, three novel genes (UBTF, AAAS, and C11orf58) were partially validated at the gene expression level. The correlation analysis presented a moderately high between-study consistency of potential BMD-associated variants. CONCLUSIONS Gene-based analysis as a supplementary strategy to SNP-based genome-wide association studies, when applied here, is shown that it helped identify some novel BMD-associated genes. In addition to its empirically increased statistical power, gene-based analysis also provides a higher testing stability for identification of BMD genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - C Xu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - J-G Zhang
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - H He
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - K-H Wu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - L Zhang
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Y Zeng
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - K-J Su
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - H-W Deng
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
- Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1610, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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Yu J, Zanotti S, Schilling L, Schoenherr C, Economides AN, Sanjay A, Canalis E. Induction of the Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome Mutation in CD19 B Cells in Mice Alters B-Cell Allocation but Not Skeletal Homeostasis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 188:1430-1446. [PMID: 29545197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mice harboring Notch2 mutations replicating Hajdu-Cheney syndrome (Notch2tm1.1ECan) have osteopenia and exhibit an increase in splenic marginal zone B cells with a decrease in follicular B cells. Whether the altered B-cell allocation is responsible for the osteopenia of Notch2tm1.1ECan mutants is unknown. To determine the effect of NOTCH2 activation in B cells on splenic B-cell allocation and skeletal phenotype, a conditional-by-inversion (COIN) Hajdu-Cheney syndrome allele of Notch2 (Notch2[ΔPEST]COIN) was used. Cre recombination generates a permanent Notch2ΔPEST allele expressing a transcript for which sequences coding for the proline, glutamic acid, serine, and threonine-rich (PEST) domain are replaced by a stop codon. CD19-Cre drivers were backcrossed into Notch2[ΔPEST]COIN/[ΔPEST]COIN to generate CD19-specific Notch2ΔPEST/ΔPEST mutants and control Notch2[ΔPEST]COIN/[ΔPEST]COIN littermates. There was an increase in marginal zone B cells and a decrease in follicular B cells in the spleen of CD19Cre/WT;Notch2ΔPEST/ΔPEST mice, recapitulating the splenic phenotype of Notch2tm1.1ECan mice. The effect was reproduced when the NOTCH1 intracellular domain was induced in CD19-expressing cells (CD19Cre/WT;RosaNotch1/WT mice). However, neither CD19Cre/WT;Notch2ΔPEST/ΔPEST nor CD19Cre/WT;RosaNotch1/WT mice had a skeletal phenotype. Moreover, splenectomies in Notch2tm1.1ECan mice did not reverse their osteopenic phenotype. In conclusion, Notch2 activation in CD19-expressing cells determines B-cell allocation in the spleen but has no skeletal consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Stefano Zanotti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Lauren Schilling
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Chris Schoenherr
- Genome Engineering Technologies, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Aris N Economides
- Genome Engineering Technologies, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York
| | - Archana Sanjay
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut.
| | - Ernesto Canalis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut; Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut.
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Titanji K. Beyond Antibodies: B Cells and the OPG/RANK-RANKL Pathway in Health, Non-HIV Disease and HIV-Induced Bone Loss. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1851. [PMID: 29312334 PMCID: PMC5743755 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV infection leads to severe B cell dysfunction, which manifests as impaired humoral immune response to infection and vaccinations and is not completely reversed by otherwise effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite its inability to correct HIV-induced B cell dysfunction, ART has led to significantly increased lifespans in people living with HIV/AIDS. This has in turn led to escalating prevalence of non-AIDS complications in aging HIV-infected individuals, including malignancies, cardiovascular disease, bone disease, and other end-organ damage. These complications, typically associated with aging, are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and occur significantly earlier in HIV-infected individuals. Understanding the pathophysiology of these comorbidities and delineating clinical management strategies and potential cures is gaining in importance. Bone loss and osteoporosis, which lead to increase in fragility fracture prevalence, have in recent years emerged as important non-AIDS comorbidities in patients with chronic HIV infection. Interestingly, ART exacerbates bone loss, particularly within the first couple of years following initiation. The mechanisms underlying HIV-induced bone loss are multifactorial and complicated by the fact that HIV infection is linked to multiple risk factors for osteoporosis and fracture, but a very interesting role for B cells in HIV-induced bone loss has recently emerged. Although best known for their important antibody-producing capabilities, B cells also produce two cytokines critical for bone metabolism: the key osteoclastogenic cytokine receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and its physiological inhibitor osteoprotegerin (OPG). Dysregulated B cell production of OPG and RANKL was shown to be a major contributor to increased bone loss and fracture risk in animal models and HIV-infected humans. This review will summarize our current knowledge of the role of the OPG/RANK–RANKL pathway in B cells in health and disease, and the contribution of B cells to HIV-induced bone loss. Data from mouse studies indicate that RANKL and OPG may also play a role in B cell function and the implications of these findings for human B cell biology, as well as therapeutic strategies targeting the OPG/RANK–RANKL pathway, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehmia Titanji
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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41
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Giambartolomei GH, Arriola Benitez PC, Delpino MV. Brucella and Osteoarticular Cell Activation: Partners in Crime. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:256. [PMID: 28265268 PMCID: PMC5316522 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarticular brucellosis is the most common presentation of human active disease although its prevalence varies widely. The three most common forms of osteoarticular involvement are sacroiliitis, spondylitis, and peripheral arthritis. The molecular mechanisms implicated in bone damage have been recently elucidated. B. abortus induces bone damage through diverse mechanisms in which TNF-α and the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-the natural modulator of bone homeostasis are involved. These processes are driven by inflammatory cells, like monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, Th17 CD4+ T, and B cells. In addition, Brucella abortus has a direct effect on osteoarticular cells and tilts homeostatic bone remodeling. These bacteria inhibit bone matrix deposition by osteoblasts (the only bone cells involved in bone deposition), and modify the phenotype of these cells to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cytokine secretion, contributing to bone matrix degradation. B. abortus also affects osteoclasts (cells naturally involved in bone resorption) by inducing an increase in osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activation; thus, increasing mineral and organic bone matrix resorption, contributing to bone damage. Given that the pathology induced by Brucella species involved joint tissue, experiments conducted on synoviocytes revealed that besides inducing the activation of these cells to secrete chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines and MMPS, the infection also inhibits synoviocyte apoptosis. Brucella is an intracellular bacterium that replicates preferentially in the endoplasmic reticulum of macrophages. The analysis of B. abortus-infected synoviocytes indicated that bacteria also replicate in their reticulum suggesting that they could use this cell type for intracellular replication during the osteoarticular localization of the disease. Finally, the molecular mechanisms of osteoarticular brucellosis discovered recently shed light on how the interaction between B. abortus and immune and osteoarticular cells may play an important role in producing damage in joint and bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo H Giambartolomei
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas - Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula C Arriola Benitez
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas - Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Victoria Delpino
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas - Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Almeida M, Laurent MR, Dubois V, Claessens F, O'Brien CA, Bouillon R, Vanderschueren D, Manolagas SC. Estrogens and Androgens in Skeletal Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2017. [PMID: 27807202 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens and androgens influence the growth and maintenance of the mammalian skeleton and are responsible for its sexual dimorphism. Estrogen deficiency at menopause or loss of both estrogens and androgens in elderly men contribute to the development of osteoporosis, one of the most common and impactful metabolic diseases of old age. In the last 20 years, basic and clinical research advances, genetic insights from humans and rodents, and newer imaging technologies have changed considerably the landscape of our understanding of bone biology as well as the relationship between sex steroids and the physiology and pathophysiology of bone metabolism. Together with the appreciation of the side effects of estrogen-related therapies on breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases, these advances have also drastically altered the treatment of osteoporosis. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of estrogens and androgens on bone, their influences on skeletal homeostasis during growth and adulthood, the pathogenetic mechanisms of the adverse effects of their deficiency on the female and male skeleton, as well as the role of natural and synthetic estrogenic or androgenic compounds in the pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis. We highlight latest advances on the crosstalk between hormonal and mechanical signals, the relevance of the antioxidant properties of estrogens and androgens, the difference of their cellular targets in different bone envelopes, the role of estrogen deficiency in male osteoporosis, and the contribution of estrogen or androgen deficiency to the monomorphic effects of aging on skeletal involution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Michaël R Laurent
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Vanessa Dubois
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Frank Claessens
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Charles A O'Brien
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dirk Vanderschueren
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stavros C Manolagas
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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Collins FL, Schepper JD, Rios-Arce ND, Steury MD, Kang HJ, Mallin H, Schoenherr D, Camfield G, Chishti S, McCabe LR, Parameswaran N. Immunology of Gut-Bone Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1033:59-94. [PMID: 29101652 PMCID: PMC5749247 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-66653-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years a link between the gastrointestinal tract and bone health has started to gain significant attention. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota has been linked to the pathology of a number of diseases which are associated with bone loss. In addition modulation of the intestinal microbiota with probiotic bacteria has revealed to have both beneficial local and systemic effects. In the present chapter, we discuss the intestinal and bone immune systems, explore how intestinal disease affects the immune system, and examine how these pathologic changes could adversely impact bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraser L Collins
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Naiomy Deliz Rios-Arce
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Steury
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ho Jun Kang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Heather Mallin
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Daniel Schoenherr
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Glen Camfield
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Saima Chishti
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Laura R McCabe
- Department of Physiology and Department of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Centre, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Narayanan Parameswaran
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology Program, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Almeida M, Laurent MR, Dubois V, Claessens F, O'Brien CA, Bouillon R, Vanderschueren D, Manolagas SC. Estrogens and Androgens in Skeletal Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:135-187. [PMID: 27807202 PMCID: PMC5539371 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00033.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens and androgens influence the growth and maintenance of the mammalian skeleton and are responsible for its sexual dimorphism. Estrogen deficiency at menopause or loss of both estrogens and androgens in elderly men contribute to the development of osteoporosis, one of the most common and impactful metabolic diseases of old age. In the last 20 years, basic and clinical research advances, genetic insights from humans and rodents, and newer imaging technologies have changed considerably the landscape of our understanding of bone biology as well as the relationship between sex steroids and the physiology and pathophysiology of bone metabolism. Together with the appreciation of the side effects of estrogen-related therapies on breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases, these advances have also drastically altered the treatment of osteoporosis. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of estrogens and androgens on bone, their influences on skeletal homeostasis during growth and adulthood, the pathogenetic mechanisms of the adverse effects of their deficiency on the female and male skeleton, as well as the role of natural and synthetic estrogenic or androgenic compounds in the pharmacotherapy of osteoporosis. We highlight latest advances on the crosstalk between hormonal and mechanical signals, the relevance of the antioxidant properties of estrogens and androgens, the difference of their cellular targets in different bone envelopes, the role of estrogen deficiency in male osteoporosis, and the contribution of estrogen or androgen deficiency to the monomorphic effects of aging on skeletal involution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Michaël R Laurent
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Vanessa Dubois
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Frank Claessens
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Charles A O'Brien
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dirk Vanderschueren
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Stavros C Manolagas
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas; Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1011, University of Lille and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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Fernandes MH, Gomes PDS. Bone Cells Dynamics during Peri-Implantitis: a Theoretical Analysis. EJOURNAL OF ORAL MAXILLOFACIAL RESEARCH 2016; 7:e6. [PMID: 27833731 PMCID: PMC5100646 DOI: 10.5037/jomr.2016.7306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present manuscript aims a detailed characterization of the bone cells dynamics during physiological bone remodelling and, subsequently, to address the cellular and molecular mechanisms that play a fundamental role in the immune-inflammatory-induced uncoupled bone remodelling observed in peri-implantitis. RESULTS An intimate relationship between the immune system and bone is acknowledged to be determinant for bone tissue remodelling and integrity. Due to the close interaction of immune and bone cells, the two systems share a number of surface receptors, cytokines, signalling pathways and transcription factors that are involved in mutual regulatory mechanisms. This physiological equilibrium is disturbed in pathological conditions, as verified in peri-implantitis establishment and development. Activation of the innate and adaptive immune response, challenged by the local bacterial infection, induces the synthesis of high levels of a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that disturb the normal functioning of the bone cells, by uncoupling bone resorption and formation, ending up with a net alveolar bone loss and subsequent implant failure. Most data points to an immune-inflammatory induced osteoclast differentiation and function, as the major underlying mechanism to the uncoupled bone resorption to bone formation. Further, the disturbed functioning of osteoblasts, reflected by the possible expression of a fibro-osteoblastic phenotype, may also play a role. CONCLUSIONS Alveolar bone loss is a hallmark of peri-implantitis. A great deal of data is still needed on the cellular and humoral crosstalk in the context of an integrated view of the osteoimmunologic interplay occurring in the peri-implantitis environment subjacent to the bone loss outcome.
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Xu S, Zhang Y, Liu B, Li K, Huang B, Yan B, Zhang Z, Liang K, Jia C, Lin J, Zeng C, Cai D, Jin D, Jiang Y, Bai X. Activation of mTORC1 in B Lymphocytes Promotes Osteoclast Formation via Regulation of β-Catenin and RANKL/OPG. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:1320-33. [PMID: 26825871 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) induces osteoclast formation from monocyte/macrophage lineage cells. However, the mechanisms by which RANKL expression is controlled in cells that support osteoclast differentiation are still unclear. We show that deletion of TSC1 (tuberous sclerosis complex 1) in murine B cells causes constitutive activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and stimulates RANKL but represses osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression and subsequently promotes osteoclast formation and causes osteoporosis in mice. Furthermore, the regulation of RANKL/OPG and stimulation of osteoclastogenesis by mTORC1 was confirmed in a variety of RANKL-expressing cells and in vivo. Mechanistically, mTORC1 controls RANKL/OPG expression through negative feedback inactivation of Akt, destabilization of β-catenin mRNA, and downregulation of β-catenin. Our findings demonstrate that mTORC1 activation-stimulated RANKL expression in B cells is sufficient to induce bone loss and osteoporosis. The study also established a link between mTORC1 and the RANKL/OPG axis via negative regulation of β-catenin. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zeng
- Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dadi Jin
- Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics in Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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47
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Pesce Viglietti AI, Arriola Benitez PC, Giambartolomei GH, Delpino MV. Brucella abortus-infected B cells induce osteoclastogenesis. Microbes Infect 2016; 18:529-35. [PMID: 27109230 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucella abortus is an intracellular bacterium that establishes lifelong infections in livestock and humans although the mechanisms of its chronicity are poorly understood. Activated B cells have long lifespan and B. abortus infection activates B cells. Our results indicate that the direct infection of B cells with B. abortus induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), receptor activator for NF κB ligand (RANKL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 secretion. In addition, supernatants from B. abortus-infected B cells induced bone marrow-derived monocytes to undergo osteoclastogenesis. Using osteoprotegerin, RANKL's decoy receptor, we determined that RANKL is involved in osteoclastogenesis induced by supernatants from B. abortus-infected B cells. The results presented here shed light on how the interactions of B. abortus with B cells may have a role in the pathogenesis of brucellar osteoarticular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelén Ivana Pesce Viglietti
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Facultad de Medicina, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Constanza Arriola Benitez
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Facultad de Medicina, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Hernán Giambartolomei
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Facultad de Medicina, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Delpino
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Facultad de Medicina, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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48
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Panach L, Pineda B, Mifsut D, Tarín JJ, Cano A, García-Pérez MÁ. The role of CD40 and CD40L in bone mineral density and in osteoporosis risk: A genetic and functional study. Bone 2016; 83:94-103. [PMID: 26545336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Compelling data are revealing that the CD40/CD40L system is involved in bone metabolism. Furthermore, we have previously demonstrated that polymorphisms in both genes are associated with bone phenotypes. The aim of this study is to further characterize this association and to identify the causal functional mechanism. We conducted an association study of BMD with 15 SNPs in CD40/CD40L genes in a population of 779 women. In addition, we assessed the functionality of this association through the study of the allele-dependent expression of CD40 and CD40L in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) and in human osteoblasts (OBs) obtained from bone explants by qPCR and by sequencing. When an allelic imbalance (AI) was detected, studies on allele-dependent in vitro transcription rate and on CpG methylation in the gene promoter were also performed. Our results confirm the genetic association between SNP rs116535 (T>C) of CD40L gene with LS-BMD. Regarding CD40 gene, two SNPs showed nominal P-values<0.05 for FN- and LS-BMD (Z-scores), although the association was not significant after correcting for multiple testing. Homozygous TT women for SNP rs1883832 (C>T) of CD40 gene showed a trend to have lower levels of OPG (Q-value=0.059), especially when women of BMD-quartile ends were selected (P<0.05). Regarding functionality, we detected an AI for rs1883832 with the C allele the most expressed in OBs and in PBLs. Since the rs116535 of CD40L gene did not show AI, it was not further analyzed. Finally, we described a differential methylation of CpGs in the CD40 promoter among women of high in comparison to low BMD. Our results suggest that the CD40/CD40L system plays a role in regulating BMD. Effectively, our data suggest that a decreased production of OPG could be the cause of the lower BMD observed in TT women for rs1883832 of the CD40 gene and that the degree of methylation of CpGs in the CD40 promoter could contribute to the acquisition of BMD. One possibility that deserves further study is whether the degree of methylation of the CD40 gene affects the level of CD40 expression and, consequently, the level of OPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panach
- Research Foundation, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Pineda
- Research Foundation, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Damián Mifsut
- Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinic Hospital, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J Tarín
- Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel García-Pérez
- Research Foundation, Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Department of Genetics, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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49
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Abstract
Spontaneous cancers in client-owned dogs closely recapitulate their human counterparts with respect to clinical presentation, histological features, molecular profiles, and response and resistance to therapy, as well as the evolution of drug-resistant metastases. In several instances the incorporation of dogs with cancer into the preclinical development path of cancer therapeutics has influenced outcome by helping to establish pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics relationships, dose/regimen, expected clinical toxicities, and ultimately the potential for biologic activity. As our understanding regarding the molecular drivers of canine cancers has improved, unique opportunities have emerged to leverage this spontaneous model to better guide cancer drug development so that therapies likely to fail are eliminated earlier and therapies with true potential are optimized prior to human studies. Both pets and people benefit from this approach, as it provides dogs with access to cutting-edge cancer treatments and helps to insure that people are given treatments more likely to succeed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cheryl A London
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210;
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50
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Jung S, Yang HY, Lee TH. Differential expression of immunologic proteins in gingiva after socket preservation in mini pigs. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 23:187-95. [PMID: 26018311 PMCID: PMC4428464 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720140311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During healing following tooth extraction, inflammation and the immune response within the extraction socket are related to bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunggon Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Yang
- Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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