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Michel Z, Raborn LN, Spencer T, Pan KS, Martin D, Roszko KL, Wang Y, Robey PG, Collins MT, Boyce AM, de Castro LF. Transcriptomic Signature and Pro-Osteoclastic Secreted Factors of Abnormal Bone-Marrow Stromal Cells in Fibrous Dysplasia. Cells 2024; 13:774. [PMID: 38727310 PMCID: PMC11083355 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a mosaic skeletal disorder caused by somatic activating variants of GNAS encoding for Gαs and leading to excessive cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling in bone-marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). The effect of Gαs activation in the BMSC transcriptome and how it influences FD lesion microenvironment are unclear. We analyzed changes induced by Gαs activation in the BMSC transcriptome and secretome. RNAseq analysis of differential gene expression of cultured BMSCs from patients with FD and healthy volunteers, and from an inducible mouse model of FD, was performed, and the transcriptomic profiles of both models were combined to build a robust FD BMSC genetic signature. Pathways related to Gαs activation, cytokine signaling, and extracellular matrix deposition were identified. To assess the modulation of several key secreted factors in FD pathogenesis, cytokines and other factors were measured in culture media. Cytokines were also screened in a collection of plasma samples from patients with FD, and positive correlations of several cytokines to their disease burden score, as well as to one another and bone turnover markers, were found. These data support the pro-inflammatory, pro-osteoclastic behavior of FD BMSCs and point to several cytokines and other secreted factors as possible therapeutic targets and/or circulating biomarkers for FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Michel
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Z.M.); (K.S.P.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Layne N. Raborn
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Tiahna Spencer
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Kristen S. Pan
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Z.M.); (K.S.P.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Daniel Martin
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Kelly L. Roszko
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Yan Wang
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Pamela G. Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Michael T. Collins
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Alison M. Boyce
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Z.M.); (K.S.P.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Luis Fernandez de Castro
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (L.N.R.); (T.S.); (K.L.R.); (M.T.C.)
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Tanvir MAH, Khaleque MA, Kim GH, Yoo WY, Kim YY. The Role of Bioceramics for Bone Regeneration: History, Mechanisms, and Future Perspectives. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:230. [PMID: 38667241 PMCID: PMC11048714 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9040230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder marked by compromised bone integrity, predisposing individuals, particularly older adults and postmenopausal women, to fractures. The advent of bioceramics for bone regeneration has opened up auspicious pathways for addressing osteoporosis. Research indicates that bioceramics can help bones grow back by activating bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and wingless/integrated (Wnt)/β-catenin pathways in the body when combined with stem cells, drugs, and other supports. Still, bioceramics have some problems, such as not being flexible enough and prone to breaking, as well as difficulties in growing stem cells and discovering suitable supports for different bone types. While there have been improvements in making bioceramics better for healing bones, it is important to keep looking for new ideas from different areas of medicine to make them even better. By conducting a thorough scrutiny of the pivotal role bioceramics play in facilitating bone regeneration, this review aspires to propel forward the rapidly burgeoning domain of scientific exploration. In the end, this appreciation will contribute to the development of novel bioceramics that enhance bone regrowth and offer patients with bone disorders alternative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Young-Yul Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943, Republic of Korea; (M.A.H.T.); (M.A.K.); (G.-H.K.); (W.-Y.Y.)
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Michel Z, Raborn LN, Spencer T, Pan K, Martin D, Roszko KL, Wang Y, Robey PG, Collins MT, Boyce AM, de Castro Diaz LF. Transcriptomic signature and pro-osteoclastic secreted factors of abnormal bone marrow stromal cells in fibrous dysplasia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.23.581225. [PMID: 38529507 PMCID: PMC10962707 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.23.581225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a mosaic skeletal disorder caused by somatic activating variants in GNAS, encoding for Gαs, which leads to excessive cAMP signaling in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Despite advancements in our understanding of FD pathophysiology, the effect of Gαs activation in the BMSC transcriptome remains unclear, as well as how this translates into their local influence in the lesional microenvironment. In this study, we analyzed changes induced by Gαs activation in BMSC transcriptome and performed a comprehensive analysis of their production of cytokines and other secreted factors. We performed RNAseq of cultured BMSCs from patients with FD and healthy volunteers, and from an inducible mouse model of FD, and combined their transcriptomic profiles to build a robust FD BMSC genetic signature. Pathways related to Gαs activation, cytokine signaling, and extracellular matrix deposition were identified. In addition, a comprehensive profile of their secreted cytokines and other factors was performed to identify modulation of several key factors we hypothesized to be involved in FD pathogenesis. We also screened circulating cytokines in a collection of plasma samples from patients with FD, finding positive correlations of several cytokines to their disease burden score, as well as to one another and bone turnover markers. Overall, these data support a pro-inflammatory, pro-osteoclastic behavior of BMSCs bearing hyperactive Gαs variants, and point to several cytokines and other secreted factors as possible therapeutic targets and/or circulating biomarkers for FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Michel
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Layne N. Raborn
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tiahna Spencer
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kristen Pan
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Daniel Martin
- Genomics and Computational Biology Core, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kelly L. Roszko
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yan Wang
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Pamela G. Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael T. Collins
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alison M. Boyce
- Metabolic Bone Disorders Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Luis Fernandez de Castro Diaz
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Ivan A, Cristea MI, Telea A, Oprean C, Galuscan A, Tatu CA, Paunescu V. Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Functional Assessment: Exploring the Changes of Free Fatty Acids Composition during Cultivation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17249. [PMID: 38139076 PMCID: PMC10743411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic regulation of stemness is widely recognized as a crucial factor in determining the fate of stem cells. When transferred to a stimulating and nutrient-rich environment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) undergo rapid proliferation, accompanied by a change in protein expression and a significant reconfiguration of central energy metabolism. This metabolic shift, from quiescence to metabolically active cells, can lead to an increase in the proportion of senescent cells and limit their regenerative potential. In this study, MSCs from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) were isolated and expanded in vitro for up to 10 passages. Immunophenotypic analysis, growth kinetics, in vitro plasticity, fatty acid content, and autophagic capacity were assessed throughout cultivation to evaluate the functional characteristics of SHEDs. Our findings revealed that SHEDs exhibit distinctive patterns of cell surface marker expression, possess high self-renewal capacity, and have a unique potential for neurogenic differentiation. Aged SHEDs exhibited lower proliferation rates, reduced potential for chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation, an increasing capacity for adipogenic differentiation, and decreased autophagic potential. Prolonged cultivation of SHEDs resulted in changes in fatty acid composition, signaling a transition from anti-inflammatory to proinflammatory pathways. This underscores the intricate connection between metabolic regulation, stemness, and aging, crucial for optimizing therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ivan
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Mirabela I. Cristea
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Ada Telea
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
- Department of Drug analysis, Chemistry of the Environment and Food, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Calin A. Tatu
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Biology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.A.T.); (V.P.)
- Center for Gene and Cellular Therapies in the Treatment of Cancer—Oncogen Center, Clinical County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania; (M.I.C.); (A.T.); (C.O.)
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da Rocha LR, Dias RB, Fernandes MBC, Prinz R, Eirado TP, Costa IDS, Monteiro MJ, da Silva CER, Dos Santos CT, Fogagnolo F. A new option for bone regeneration: a rapid methodology for cellularization of allograft with human bone marrow stromal cells with in vivo bone-forming potential. Injury 2023; 54 Suppl 6:110777. [PMID: 38143129 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of severe musculoskeletal injuries, such as loss of bone tissue and consolidation disorders, requires bone transplantation, and the success of this bone reconstruction depends on the grafts transplant's osteogenic, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive properties. Although the gold standard is autograft, it is limited by availability, morbidity, and infection risk. Despite their low capacity for osteoinduction and osteogenesis, decellularized bone allografts have been used in the search for alternative therapeutic strategies to improve bone regeneration. Considering that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are responsible for the maintenance of bone turnover throughout life, we believe that associating BMSCs with allograft could produce a material that is biologically similar to autologous bone graft. For this reason, this study evaluated the osteogenic potential of bone allograft cellularized with BMSCs. First, BMSC was characterized and allograft decellularization was confirmed by histology, scanning electron microscopy, and DNA quantification. Subsequently, the BMSCs and allografts were associated and evaluated for adhesion, proliferation, and in vitro and in vivo osteogenic potential. We demonstrated that, after 2 hours, BMSCs had already adhered to the surface of allografts and remained viable for 14 days. In vitro osteogenic assays indicated increased osteogenic potential of allografts compared with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). In vivo transplantation assays in immunodeficient mice confirmed the allograft's potential to induce bone formation, with significantly better results than β-TCP. Finally, our results indicate that allograft can provide structural support for BMSC adhesion, offering a favorable microenvironment for cell survival and differentiation and inducing new bone formation. Taken together, our data indicate that this rapid methodology for cellularization of allograft with BMSCs might be a new therapeutic alternative in regenerative medicine and bone bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Rosa da Rocha
- Teaching and Research Division, Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia Jamil Haddad (INTO), Av. Brasil, 500, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20940-070, Brazil.
| | - Rhayra Braga Dias
- Teaching and Research Division, INTO, Av. Brasil, 500, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20940-070, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Prinz
- Teaching and Research Division, INTO, Av. Brasil, 500, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Thiago Penna Eirado
- Teaching and Research Division, INTO, Av. Brasil, 500, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Isabela de Souza Costa
- Teaching and Research Division, INTO, Av. Brasil, 500, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Mauricio J Monteiro
- Materials Division, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Av. Venezuela 82, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20081-312, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Fabricio Fogagnolo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, São Paulo, SP 14049900, Brazil
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Luchman NA, Megat Abdul Wahab R, Zainal Ariffin SH, Nasruddin NS, Lau SF, Yazid F. Comparison between hydroxyapatite and polycaprolactone in inducing osteogenic differentiation and augmenting maxillary bone regeneration in rats. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13356. [PMID: 35529494 PMCID: PMC9070322 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The selection of appropriate scaffold plays an important role in ensuring the success of bone regeneration. The use of scaffolds with different materials and their effect on the osteogenic performance of cells is not well studied and this can affect the selection of suitable scaffolds for transplantation. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the comparative ability of two different synthetic scaffolds, mainly hydroxyapatite (HA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds in promoting in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration. Method In vitro cell viability, morphology, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MC3T3-E1 cells on HA and PCL scaffolds were determined in comparison to the accepted model outlined for two-dimensional systems. An in vivo study involving the transplantation of MC3T3-E1 cells with scaffolds into an artificial bone defect of 4 mm length and 1.5 mm depth in the rat's left maxilla was conducted. Three-dimensional analysis using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and immunohistochemistry analyses evaluation were performed after six weeks of transplantation. Results MC3T3-E1 cells on the HA scaffold showed the highest cell viability. The cell viability on both scaffolds decreased after 14 days of culture, which reflects the dominant occurrence of osteoblast differentiation. An early sign of osteoblast differentiation can be detected on the PCL scaffold. However, cells on the HA scaffold showed more prominent results with intense mineralized nodules and significantly (p < 0.05) high levels of ALP activity with prolonged osteoblast induction. Micro-CT and H&E analyses confirmed the in vitro results with bone formation were significantly (p < 0.05) greater in HA scaffold and was supported by IHC analysis which confirmed stronger expression of osteogenic markers ALP and osteocalcin. Conclusion Different scaffold materials of HA and PCL might have influenced the bone regeneration ability of MC3T3-E1. Regardless, in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration was better in the HA scaffold which indicates its great potential for application in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Atmaliya Luchman
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostic and Bioscience, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seng Fong Lau
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farinawati Yazid
- Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Arora D, Robey PG. Recent updates on the biological basis of heterogeneity in bone marrow stromal cells/skeletal stem cells. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2022; 3:3-16. [PMID: 35837340 PMCID: PMC9255791 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Based on studies over the last several decades, the self-renewing skeletal lineages derived from bone marrow stroma could be an ideal source for skeletal tissue engineering. However, the markers for osteogenic precursors; i.e., bone marrowderived skeletal stem cells (SSCs), in association with other cells of the marrow stroma (bone marrow stromal cells, BMSCs) and their heterogeneous nature both in vivo and in vitro remain to be clarified. This review aims to highlight: i) the importance of distinguishing BMSCs/SSCs from other "mesenchymal stem/stromal cells", and ii) factors that are responsible for their heterogeneity, and how these factors impact on the differentiation potential of SSCs towards bone. The prospective role of SSC enrichment, their expansion and its impact on SSC phenotype is explored. Emphasis has also been given to emerging single cell RNA sequencing approaches in scrutinizing the unique population of SSCs within the BMSC population, along with their committed progeny. Understanding the factors involved in heterogeneity may help researchers to improvise their strategies to isolate, characterize and adopt best culture practices and source identification to develop standard operating protocols for developing reproducible stem cells grafts. However, more scientific understanding of the molecular basis of heterogeneity is warranted that may be obtained from the robust high-throughput functional transcriptomics of single cells or clonal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Arora
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Department of Commerce, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Engineering & Life Sciences, Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology (Deemed-to-be-University), Meerut, India
| | - Pamela Gehron Robey
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Wang M, Dai T, Meng Q, Wang W, Li S. Regulatory effects of miR-28 on osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:684-696. [PMID: 34978269 PMCID: PMC8805925 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the regulatory effects of miR-28 on the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs). HBMMSCs isolated, cultured and induced (at P3) to undergo osteogenic induction. The expressions of miRNAs were detected by gene microarray, and differentially expressed miRNAs in hBMMSCs compared with induced cells were obtained by significance analysis of microarrays. The microarray findings were confirmed by RT-PCR. TargetScan showed that signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) was the downstream target gene of miR-28. The relationship between miR-28 and STAT1 was validated using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. HBMMSCs were transfected with miR-28 mimics and STAT1 siRNA, respectively. Samples were collected on day 10 after osteogenic differentiation, and the alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2, a key regulator of osteogenic differentiation) and STAT1 expressions were determined using kits, PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell proliferation and migration were detected through CCK-8 and Transwell assays, respectively. During the osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs, the expression level of miR-28 increased. MiR-28 specifically bound the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of STAT1 mRNA. It inhibited STAT1 expression in a targeted manner during osteogenic differentiation. Interference with STAT1 partially mimicked the regulatory effects of miR-28 overexpression on the osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs. Interference with STAT1 or overexpression of miR-28 did not affect proliferation or migration. MiR-28 has gradually increased expression during the osteogenic differentiation of hBMMSCs, which can directly bind STAT1 3'UTR and inhibit its expression, thereby up-regulating AKP and RUNX2, and promoting osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tianming Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qingqi Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou Guangdong Province, China
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Apatzidou DA, Bakopoulou AA, Kouzi-Koliakou K, Karagiannis V, Konstantinidis A. A tissue-engineered biocomplex for periodontal reconstruction. A proof-of-principle randomized clinical study. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:1111-1125. [PMID: 33899259 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the safety/efficacy of a tissue-engineered biocomplex in periodontal reconstruction. METHODS Twenty-seven intrabony defects were block-randomized across three treatment groups: Group-A (NA = 9) received autologous clinical-grade alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (a-BMMSCs), seeded into collagen scaffolds, enriched with autologous fibrin/platelet lysate (aFPL). In Group-B (NB = 10), the collagen scaffold/aFPL devoid of a-BMMSCs filled the osseous defect. Group-C (NC = 8) received Minimal Access Flap surgery retaining the soft tissue wall of defects identically with Groups-A/-B. Subjects were clinically/radiographically assessed before anaesthesia (baseline) and repeatedly over 12 months. RESULTS Quality controls were satisfied before biocomplex transplantation. There were no adverse healing events. All approaches led to significant clinical improvements (p < .001) with no inter-group differences. At 12 months, the estimated marginal means for all groups were as follows: 3.0 (95% CI: 1.9-4.1) mm for attachment gain; 3.7 (2.7-4.8) mm for probing pocket depth reduction; 0.7 (0.2-1.3) mm increase in recession. An overall greater mean reduction in the radiographic Cemento-Enamel Junction to Bottom Defect (CEJ-BD) distance was found for Groups-A/-C over Group-B (p < .023). CONCLUSION Radiographic evidence of bone fill was less pronounced in Group-B, although clinical improvements were similar across groups. All approaches aimed to trigger the innate healing potential of tissues. Cell-based therapy is justified for periodontal reconstruction and remains promising in selected cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae A Apatzidou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athina A Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Vassilis Karagiannis
- School of Mathematics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AUTh, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonis Konstantinidis
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), Thessaloniki, Greece
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McKenna DH, Stroncek DF. Cellular Engineering. Transfus Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119599586.ch19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pan KS, de Castro LF, Roszko KL, Greenberg ED, FitzGibbon EJ, Dufresne CR, Boyce AM, Collins MT. Successful Intravascular Treatment of an Intraosseous Arteriovenous Fistula in Fibrous Dysplasia. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:195-200. [PMID: 32556405 PMCID: PMC7449234 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a benign bone disease characterized by expansile lesions that typically stabilize with age. Rarely, FD can undergo malignant transformation, presenting with atypical, rapid growth and destruction of adjacent bone. Other potential causes of rapid FD expansion include secondary lesions, such as aneurysmal bone cysts. We describe a case of an aggressive occipital lesion that presented with pain associated with diplopia and tinnitus, raising concern for malignant transformation. A massive intraosseous arteriovenous fistula was identified giving rise to an anomalous vein coursing to the cavernous sinus with compression of the abducens nerve. The vascular anomaly was mapped and after embolization symptoms resolved; a biopsy with extensive genetic analyses excluded malignancy. The differential diagnosis for expanding FD lesions includes aggressive FD, malignant transformation, and secondary vascular anomalies. In cases when traditional radiographic and histologic assessments are nondescript, use of additional radiographic modalities and genetic analyses are required to make an accurate diagnosis and guide treatment. When vascular anomalies are suspected, detailed angiography with embolization is necessary to define and treat the lesion. However, to rule out malignant transformation, genetic screening is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen S Pan
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4320, USA.
| | - Luis F de Castro
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4320, USA
| | - Kelly L Roszko
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4320, USA
| | | | - Edmond J FitzGibbon
- Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Craig R Dufresne
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alison M Boyce
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4320, USA
| | - Michael T Collins
- Skeletal Diseases and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Building 30, Room 207, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4320, USA
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12
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Boyce AM, Collins MT. Fibrous Dysplasia/McCune-Albright Syndrome: A Rare, Mosaic Disease of Gα s Activation. Endocr Rev 2020; 41:5610851. [PMID: 31673695 PMCID: PMC7127130 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnz011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia/McCune-Albright syndrome (FD/MAS) is a rare disorder of striking complexity. It arises from somatic, gain-of-function mutations in GNAS, leading to mosaic Gα s activation and inappropriate production of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The clinical phenotype is largely determined by the location and extent of affected tissues, and the pathophysiological effects of Gα s activation within these tissues. In bone, Gα s activation results in impaired differentiation of skeletal stem cells, leading to discrete skeletal lesions prone to fracture, deformity, and pain. Extraskeletal manifestations include a variable combination of hyperpigmented macules and hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies. Distinctive age-related changes in disease development has key effects on histologic, radiographic, and clinical features. FD/MAS thus presents along a uniquely broad clinical spectrum, and the resulting challenges in diagnosis and management can be difficult for clinicians. This review presents FD/MAS in the context of a mosaic disorder of Gα s activation, providing an intellectual framework within which to understand, evaluate, and treat this interesting disease. It includes a comprehensive summary of current understanding of FD/MAS pathogenesis, and a detailed discussion of clinical presentation and management. Critical areas of unmet need are highlighted, including discussion of key challenges and potential solutions to advance research and clinical care in FD/MAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Boyce
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Michael T Collins
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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13
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Tratwal J, Labella R, Bravenboer N, Kerckhofs G, Douni E, Scheller EL, Badr S, Karampinos DC, Beck-Cormier S, Palmisano B, Poloni A, Moreno-Aliaga MJ, Fretz J, Rodeheffer MS, Boroumand P, Rosen CJ, Horowitz MC, van der Eerden BCJ, Veldhuis-Vlug AG, Naveiras O. Reporting Guidelines, Review of Methodological Standards, and Challenges Toward Harmonization in Bone Marrow Adiposity Research. Report of the Methodologies Working Group of the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:65. [PMID: 32180758 PMCID: PMC7059536 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in bone marrow adiposity (BMA) has increased over the last decade due to its association with, and potential role, in a range of diseases (osteoporosis, diabetes, anorexia, cancer) as well as treatments (corticosteroid, radiation, chemotherapy, thiazolidinediones). However, to advance the field of BMA research, standardization of methods is desirable to increase comparability of study outcomes and foster collaboration. Therefore, at the 2017 annual BMA meeting, the International Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) founded a working group to evaluate methodologies in BMA research. All BMAS members could volunteer to participate. The working group members, who are all active preclinical or clinical BMA researchers, searched the literature for articles investigating BMA and discussed the results during personal and telephone conferences. According to the consensus opinion, both based on the review of the literature and on expert opinion, we describe existing methodologies and discuss the challenges and future directions for (1) histomorphometry of bone marrow adipocytes, (2) ex vivo BMA imaging, (3) in vivo BMA imaging, (4) cell isolation, culture, differentiation and in vitro modulation of primary bone marrow adipocytes and bone marrow stromal cell precursors, (5) lineage tracing and in vivo BMA modulation, and (6) BMA biobanking. We identify as accepted standards in BMA research: manual histomorphometry and osmium tetroxide 3D contrast-enhanced μCT for ex vivo quantification, specific MRI sequences (WFI and H-MRS) for in vivo studies, and RT-qPCR with a minimal four gene panel or lipid-based assays for in vitro quantification of bone marrow adipogenesis. Emerging techniques are described which may soon come to complement or substitute these gold standards. Known confounding factors and minimal reporting standards are presented, and their use is encouraged to facilitate comparison across studies. In conclusion, specific BMA methodologies have been developed. However, important challenges remain. In particular, we advocate for the harmonization of methodologies, the precise reporting of known confounding factors, and the identification of methods to modulate BMA independently from other tissues. Wider use of existing animal models with impaired BMA production (e.g., Pfrt-/-, KitW/W-v) and development of specific BMA deletion models would be highly desirable for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Tratwal
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering and Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rossella Labella
- Tissue and Tumour Microenvironments Lab, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Biomechanics Lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eleni Douni
- Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Athens, Greece
| | - Erica L. Scheller
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sammy Badr
- Univ. Lille, EA 4490 - PMOI - Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Service de Radiologie et Imagerie Musculosquelettique, Lille, France
| | - Dimitrios C. Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Beck-Cormier
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, UFR Odontologie, Nantes, France
| | - Biagio Palmisano
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Hematology, Department of Clinic and Molecular Science, Università Politecnica Marche-AOU Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria J. Moreno-Aliaga
- Centre for Nutrition Research and Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jackie Fretz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Matthew S. Rodeheffer
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Parastoo Boroumand
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clifford J. Rosen
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Scarborough, ME, United States
| | - Mark C. Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bram C. J. van der Eerden
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annegreet G. Veldhuis-Vlug
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Bone Quality, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Scarborough, ME, United States
- Jan van Goyen Medical Center/OLVG Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Annegreet G. Veldhuis-Vlug
| | - Olaia Naveiras
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Institute of Bioengineering and Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Hematology Service, Departments of Oncology and Laboratory Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Olaia Naveiras ;
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14
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Marolt Presen D, Traweger A, Gimona M, Redl H. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Based Bone Regeneration Therapies: From Cell Transplantation and Tissue Engineering to Therapeutic Secretomes and Extracellular Vesicles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:352. [PMID: 31828066 PMCID: PMC6890555 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective regeneration of bone defects often presents significant challenges, particularly in patients with decreased tissue regeneration capacity due to extensive trauma, disease, and/or advanced age. A number of studies have focused on enhancing bone regeneration by applying mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or MSC-based bone tissue engineering strategies. However, translation of these approaches from basic research findings to clinical use has been hampered by the limited understanding of MSC therapeutic actions and complexities, as well as costs related to the manufacturing, regulatory approval, and clinical use of living cells and engineered tissues. More recently, a shift from the view of MSCs directly contributing to tissue regeneration toward appreciating MSCs as "cell factories" that secrete a variety of bioactive molecules and extracellular vesicles with trophic and immunomodulatory activities has steered research into new MSC-based, "cell-free" therapeutic modalities. The current review recapitulates recent developments, challenges, and future perspectives of these various MSC-based bone tissue engineering and regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Marolt Presen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Traweger
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mario Gimona
- GMP Unit, Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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15
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Dias RB, Guimarães JAM, Cury MB, Rocha LR, da Costa ES, Nogueira LP, Hochman-Mendez C, Fortuna-Costa A, Silva AKF, Cunha KS, de Souza SAL, Duarte MEL, Sartore RC, Bonfim DC. The Manufacture of GMP-Grade Bone Marrow Stromal Cells with Validated In Vivo Bone-Forming Potential in an Orthopedic Clinical Center in Brazil. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2608482. [PMID: 31781235 PMCID: PMC6875385 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2608482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro-expanded bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have long been proposed for the treatment of complex bone-related injuries because of their inherent potential to differentiate into multiple skeletal cell types, modulate inflammatory responses, and support angiogenesis. Although a wide variety of methods have been used to expand BMSCs on a large scale by using good manufacturing practice (GMP), little attention has been paid to whether the expansion procedures indeed allow the maintenance of critical cell characteristics and potency, which are crucial for therapeutic effectiveness. Here, we described standard procedures adopted in our facility for the manufacture of clinical-grade BMSC products with a preserved capacity to generate bone in vivo in compliance with the Brazilian regulatory guidelines for cells intended for use in humans. Bone marrow samples were obtained from trabecular bone. After cell isolation in standard monolayer flasks, BMSC expansion was subsequently performed in two cycles, in 2- and 10-layer cell factories, respectively. The average cell yield per cell factory at passage 1 was of 21.93 ± 12.81 × 106 cells, while at passage 2, it was of 83.05 ± 114.72 × 106 cells. All final cellular products were free from contamination with aerobic/anaerobic pathogens, mycoplasma, and bacterial endotoxins. The expanded BMSCs expressed CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD146 and were able to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages in vitro. Most importantly, nine out of 10 of the cell products formed bone when transplanted in vivo. These validated procedures will serve as the basis for in-house BMSC manufacturing for use in clinical applications in our center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhayra B. Dias
- Master Program in Musculoskeletal Sciences, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - João A. M. Guimarães
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
- Trauma Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Marco B. Cury
- Hip Surgery Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R. Rocha
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
- Trauma Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Elaine S. da Costa
- Institute of Paediatrics and Puericulture Martagão Gesteira, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-912, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Hochman-Mendez
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Texas Heart Institute, Regenerative Medicine Research, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Anneliese Fortuna-Costa
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Anna Karoline F. Silva
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro 24030-215, Brazil
| | - Karin S. Cunha
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro 24030-215, Brazil
| | - Sergio A. L. de Souza
- Department of Radiology, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Maria Eugênia L. Duarte
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Rafaela C. Sartore
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Danielle C. Bonfim
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
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16
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Fan FY, Deng R, Qiu L, Wen Q, Zeng Y, Gao L, Zhang C, Kong P, Zhong J, Zeng N, Li Z, Su Y, Zhang X. miR-203a-3p.1 is involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation by directly targeting Smad9 in MM-MSCs. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6339-6346. [PMID: 31788111 PMCID: PMC6865574 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of bone development and regeneration. The aim of the present study was to determine whether miR-203a-3p.1 is involved in osteogenic differentiation of multiple myeloma (MM)-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the potential underlying mechanism. MSCs were isolated from patients with MM and normal subjects and confirmed by flow cytometry using specific surface markers. The osteogenic differentiation capacity of MM-MSCs was identified by Alizarin Red S calcium deposition staining and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) of typical osteoblast differentiation markers. The role of miR-203a-3p.1 in the osteoblast differentiation of MM-MSCs was determined by gain or loss of function experiments. The target of miR-203a-3p.1 was identified using bioinformatics (including the miRNA target prediction database TargetScan, miRDB, DIANA TOOLS and venny 2.1.0), luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR and western blotting. The expression levels of proteins involved in the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway were detected by western blot analysis. The results revealed that the osteogenic differentiation capacity of MM-MSCs was reduced when compared with normal (N)-MSCs, as demonstrated by a decrease in calcium deposition and mRNA expression of typical osteoblast differentiation markers, including ALP, OPN and OC. In addition, miR-203a-3p.1 was downregulated in N-MSCs following osteoblast induction, whereas no changes were observed in MM-MSCs. The downregulation of miR-203a-3p.1 resulted in increased osteogenic potential, as indicated by the increase in the mRNA expression levels of the typical osteoblast differentiation markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OC). Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay analysis indicated that mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 9 (Smad9) may be a direct target of miR-203a-3p.1 in N-MSCs. The RT-qPCR and western blot assays revealed that overexpression of smad9 significantly enhanced the effect of miR-203a-3p.1 inhibitors on osteoblast markers, which indicated that miR-203a-3p.1 inhibitors may regulate the osteogenic differentiation of MM-MSCs by upregulating Smad9. In addition, the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated following miR-203a-3p.1 inhibition. These results suggest that miR-203a-3p.1 may serve an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of MM-MSCs by regulating Smad9 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yi Fan
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Rui Deng
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wen
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yunjing Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Peiyan Kong
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jiangfan Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Ningyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyu Li
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, P.R. China
| | - Yi Su
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P.R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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17
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Li G, An J, Han X, Zhang X, Wang W, Wang S. Hypermethylation of microRNA‐149 activates SDF‐1/CXCR4 to promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:23485-23494. [PMID: 31206187 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou China
| | - Jiangdong An
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou China
| | - Xingwen Han
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | | | - Wenjin Wang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Shuanke Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou China
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18
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Bolte J, Vater C, Culla AC, Ahlfeld T, Nowotny J, Kasten P, Disch AC, Goodman SB, Gelinsky M, Stiehler M, Zwingenberger S. Two-step stem cell therapy improves bone regeneration compared to concentrated bone marrow therapy. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1318-1328. [PMID: 30628121 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult stem cells are a promising tool to positively influence bone regeneration. Concentrated bone marrow therapy entails isolating osteoprogenitor cells during surgery with, however, only low cells yield. Two step stem cell therapy requires an additional harvesting procedure but generates high numbers of progenitor cells that facilitate osteogenic pre-differentiation. To further improve bone regeneration, stem cell therapy can be combined with growth factors from platelet rich plasma (PRP) or its lysate (PL) to potentially fostering vascularization. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bone marrow concentrate (BMC), osteogenic pre-differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and PL on bone regeneration and vascularization. Bone marrow from four different healthy human donors was used for either generation of BMC or for isolation of MSCs. Seventy-two mice were randomized to six groups (Control, PL, BMC, BMC + PL, pre-differentiated MSCs, pre-differentiated MSCs + PL). The influence of PL, BMC, and pre-differentiated MSCs was investigated systematically in a 2 mm femoral bone defect model. After a 6-week follow-up, the pre-differentiated MSCs + PL group showed the highest bone volume, highest grade of histological defect healing and highest number of bridged defects with measurable biomechanical stiffness. Using expanded and osteogenically pre-differentiated MSCs for treatment of a critical-size bone defect was favorable with regards to bone regeneration compared to treatment with cells from BMC. The addition of PL alone had no significant influence; therefore the role of PL for bone regeneration remains unclear. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1318-1328, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Bolte
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Carla Culla
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Nowotny
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philip Kasten
- Orthopädisch Chirurgisches Centrum, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander C Disch
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Maik Stiehler
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Center of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, TU Dresden 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Medicine Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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19
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de Castro LF, Burke AB, Wang HD, Tsai J, Florenzano P, Pan KS, Bhattacharyya N, Boyce AM, Gafni RI, Molinolo AA, Robey PG, Collins MT. Activation of RANK/RANKL/OPG Pathway Is Involved in the Pathophysiology of Fibrous Dysplasia and Associated With Disease Burden. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:290-294. [PMID: 30496606 PMCID: PMC6983320 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia of bone (FD) is a mosaic disease caused by mutations in GNAS. Constitutive activation of the α-subunit of the Gs stimulatory protein (Gαs) leads to dysregulated proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), generating expansile lesions of fibrotic tissue and abnormal bone. Local bone remodeling regulation by BMSCs is also altered, and FD tissue is characterized by abundant osteoclast-like cells that may be essential for lesion expansion. Animal models show local expression of RANKL in bone lesions, and treatment with the RANKL neutralizing antibody denosumab decreased lesion expansion rate in a patient with aggressive FD. However, the role of RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) in FD pathophysiology is not yet understood. We measured serum levels of RANKL, OPG, and inactive RANKL-OPG complexes in FD patients of known disease burden and in healthy volunteers (HVs). RANK, RANKL, and Ki67 immunohistochemistry were assessed in FD tissue. Cultured FD and HV BMSCs were stimulated with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) and 1,25 vitamin D3 to increase RANKL expression, and media levels of RANKL and OPG were measured. Osteoclastogenic induction by FD or HV BMSCs was assessed in co-cultures with HV peripheral monocytes. FD patients showed a 16-fold increase in serum RANKL compared to HVs. OPG was moderately increased (24%), although RANKL/OPG ratio was 12-fold higher in FD patients than in HVs. These measurements were positively correlated with the skeletal burden score (SBS), a validated marker of overall FD burden. No differences in serum inactive RANKL-OPG complexes were observed. In FD tissue, RANKL+ and Ki67+ fibroblastic cells were observed near RANK+ osteoclasts. High levels of RANKL were released by FD BMSCs cultures, but were undetectable in HV cultures. FD BMSC released less OPG than HV BMSCs. FD, but not HV BMSCs, induced osteoclastogenesis in monocyte co-cultures, which was prevented by denosumab addition. These data are consistent with the role of RANKL as a driver in FD-induced osteoclastogenesis. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F de Castro
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrea B Burke
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Howard D Wang
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Medical Research Scholars Program (MRSP), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Tsai
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pablo Florenzano
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kristen S Pan
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Medical Research Scholars Program (MRSP), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nisan Bhattacharyya
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alison M Boyce
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rachel I Gafni
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Biorepository and Tissue Technology Shared Resource, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pamela G Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael T Collins
- Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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20
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Merryweather-Clarke AT, Cook D, Lara BJ, Hua P, Repapi E, Ashley N, Lim SY, Watt SM. Does osteogenic potential of clonal human bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells correlate with their vascular supportive ability? Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:351. [PMID: 30567594 PMCID: PMC6300038 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hBM MSCs) have multiple functions, critical for skeletal formation and function. Their functional heterogeneity, however, represents a major challenge for their isolation and in developing potency and release assays to predict their functionality prior to transplantation. Additionally, potency, biomarker profiles and defining mechanisms of action in a particular clinical setting are increasing requirements of Regulatory Agencies for release of hBM MSCs as Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products for cellular therapies. Since the healing of bone fractures depends on the coupling of new blood vessel formation with osteogenesis, we hypothesised that a correlation between the osteogenic and vascular supportive potential of individual hBM MSC-derived CFU-F (colony forming unit-fibroblastoid) clones might exist. METHODS We tested this by assessing the lineage (i.e. adipogenic (A), osteogenic (O) and/or chondrogenic (C)) potential of individual hBM MSC-derived CFU-F clones and determining if their osteogenic (O) potential correlated with their vascular supportive profile in vitro using lineage differentiation assays, endothelial-hBM MSC vascular co-culture assays and transcriptomic (RNAseq) analyses. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that the majority of CFU-F (95%) possessed tri-lineage, bi-lineage or uni-lineage osteogenic capacity, with 64% of the CFU-F exhibiting tri-lineage AOC potential. We found a correlation between the osteogenic and vascular tubule supportive activity of CFU-F clones, with the strength of this association being donor dependent. RNAseq of individual clones defined gene fingerprints relevant to this correlation. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a donor-dependent correlation between osteogenic and vascular supportive potential of hBM MSCs and important gene signatures that support these functions that are relevant to their bone regenerative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison T. Merryweather-Clarke
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - David Cook
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Barbara Joo Lara
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Peng Hua
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Emmanouela Repapi
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Neil Ashley
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
| | - Shiang Y. Lim
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 Australia
- O’Brien Institute Department, St. Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065 Australia
| | - Suzanne M. Watt
- Stem Cell Research, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
- Stem Cell Research, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9BQ UK
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21
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Seenprachawong K, Tawornsawutruk T, Nantasenamat C, Nuchnoi P, Hongeng S, Supokawej A. miR-130a and miR-27b Enhance Osteogenesis in Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Specific Down-Regulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ. Front Genet 2018; 9:543. [PMID: 30487813 PMCID: PMC6246628 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a type of stem cell that is capable of differentiating into osteoblasts and adipocytes. The pathological perturbation of MSC fate determination is well demonstrated by the replacement of bone tissues with fat in those with osteoporosis and osteopenia. Cell fate determination can be regulated by epigenetic and post-transcriptional mechanisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that mediates the post-transcriptional regulation of genes expression. We hypothesized that miRNA specified to PPARγ, a major transcription factor of adipogenesis, is responsible for the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts. Candidate miRNA that is responsible for target gene inhibition was identified from the miRNA database via bioinformatic analyses. In this study, miR-130a and miR-27b were selected for investigation on their role in specifically binding to peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) via in vitro osteogenesis of human MSCs. During osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs, the expression level of miR-130a and miR-27b were found to be upregulated. In the meanwhile, adipogenic marker genes (PPARγ and C/EBPβ) were found to decrease, which is in contrary to the increased expression of osteogenic marker genes (RUNX2 and Osterix). MSCs were transfected with mimics and inhibitors of miR-130a and miR-27b during in vitro osteogenesis followed by evaluation for the presence of osteogenic markers via quantitative gene expression, Western blot analysis and alkaline phosphatase activity assay. The overexpression of miR-130a and miR-27b is shown to enhance osteogenesis by increasing the gene expression of RUNX2 and Osterix, the protein expression of RUNX2, COL1A1, and Osterix as well as the alkaline phosphatase activity. Taken altogether, these results suggested that miR-130a and miR-27b could promote osteogenesis in human MSCs by targeting the PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Seenprachawong
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Tulyapruek Tawornsawutruk
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornlada Nuchnoi
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aungkura Supokawej
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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22
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Cleft Alveolus Reconstruction Using a Three-Dimensional Printed Bioresorbable Scaffold With Human Bone Marrow Cells. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:1880-1883. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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23
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Zhang S, Wan H, Wang P, Liu M, Li G, Zhang C, Sun Y. Extracellular matrix protein DMP1 suppresses osteogenic differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:968-973. [PMID: 29775615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are self-renewing and multipotent stem cells which was investigated for diverse clinical applications. However, complex mechanism of MSCs fate determination is still not fully disclosed. Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins contribute to maintain MSCs stemness by providing extracellular microenvironment. Increasing evidences show that ECM proteins could also regulate the fate of MSCs directly. Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) is an ECM protein enrich in bone tissue and terminal cells, which well-known in promoting osteoblasts and osteocytes maturation, and facilitate mineralization. Recently, our experiment indicated that DMP1 was also expressed in MSCs of long bone. In present study, it is found that DMP1 expressed in Prx1 positive MSCs. And, DMP1 is down-regulated in early osteoblasts and up-regulated again in mature osteoblasts. DMP1 conditional knockout mice model under Prx1cre was generated to explore whether DMP1 regulates MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Specific ablation of DMP1 in Prx1 positive MSCs increased bone mass in vivo and promoted osteoblasts activity in vitro. This study provides a new understanding of DMP1's function in regulation of osteogenesis: not only an enhancer of bone formation, but also a negative regulator of MSCs differentiation in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufan Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Huixuan Wan
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Gongchen Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chunxue Zhang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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24
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Balikov DA, Crowder SW, Lee JB, Lee Y, Ko UH, Kang ML, Kim WS, Shin JH, Sung HJ. Aging Donor-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exhibit Reduced Reactive Oxygen Species Loads and Increased Differentiation Potential Following Serial Expansion on a PEG-PCL Copolymer Substrate. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020359. [PMID: 29370101 PMCID: PMC5855581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been widely studied for therapeutic development in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. They can be harvested from human donors via tissue biopsies, such as bone marrow aspiration, and cultured to reach clinically relevant cell numbers. However, an unmet issue lies in the fact that the hMSC donors for regenerative therapies are more likely to be of advanced age. Their stem cells are not as potent compared to those of young donors, and continue to lose healthy, stemness-related activities when the hMSCs are serially passaged in tissue culture plates. Here, we have developed a cheap, scalable, and effective copolymer film to culture hMSCs obtained from aged human donors over several passages without loss of reactive oxygen species (ROS) handling or differentiation capacity. Assays of cell morphology, reactive oxygen species load, and differentiation potential demonstrate the effectiveness of copolymer culture on reduction in senescence-related activities of aging donor-derived hMSCs that could hinder the therapeutic potential of autologous stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Balikov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
| | - Spencer W Crowder
- Department of Materials and Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Yunki Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Ung Hyun Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Mi-Lan Kang
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Won Shik Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Jennifer H Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
| | - Hak-Joon Sung
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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25
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Zhang W, Zhang Z, Chen S, Macri L, Kohn J, Yelick PC. Mandibular Jaw Bone Regeneration Using Human Dental Cell-Seeded Tyrosine-Derived Polycarbonate Scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 22:985-93. [PMID: 27369635 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we present a new model for alveolar jaw bone regeneration, which uses human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) combined with tyrosine-derived polycarbonate polymer scaffolds [E1001(1k)] containing beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) [E1001(1k)/β-TCP]. E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds (5 mm diameter × 1 mm thickness) were fabricated to fit a 5 mm rat mandibular ramus critical bone defect. Five experimental groups were examined in this study: (1) E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds seeded with a high density of hDPCs, 5.0 × 10(5) hDPCs/scaffold (CH); (2) E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds seeded with a lower density of hDPCs, 2.5 × 10(5) hDPCs/scaffold (CL); (3) acellular E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds (SA); (4) acellular E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds supplemented with 4 μg recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP); and (5) empty defects (EDs). Replicate hDPC-seeded and acellular E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds were cultured in vitro in osteogenic media for 1 week before implantation for 3 and 6 weeks. Live microcomputed tomography (μCT) imaging at 3 and 6 weeks postimplantation revealed robust bone regeneration in the BMP implant group. CH and CL groups exhibited similar uniformly distributed mineralized tissue coverage throughout the defects, but less than the BMP implants. In contrast, SA-treated defects exhibited sparse areas of mineralized tissue regeneration. The ED group exhibited slightly reduced defect size. Histological analyses revealed no indication of an immune response. In addition, robust expression of dentin and bone differentiation marker expression was observed in hDPC-seeded scaffolds, whereas, in contrast, BMP and SA implants exhibited only bone and not dentin differentiation marker expression. hDPCs were detected in 3-week but not in 6-week hDPC-seeded scaffold groups, indicating their survival for at least 3 weeks. Together, these results show that hDPC-seeded E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds support the rapid regeneration of osteo-dentin-like mineralized jaw tissue, suggesting a promising new therapy for alveolar jaw bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Zhang
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zheng Zhang
- 2 New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Shuang Chen
- 2 New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Lauren Macri
- 2 New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Joachim Kohn
- 2 New Jersey Center for Biomaterials, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Pamela C Yelick
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, Division of Craniofacial and Molecular Genetics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
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26
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Feng L, Gan H, Zhao W, Liu Y. Effect of transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cell conditioned medium induced bone marrow stromal cells on rats with spinal cord injury. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1661-1668. [PMID: 28656221 PMCID: PMC5562047 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a serious threat to human health and various techniques have been deployed to ameliorate or cure its effects. Stem cells transplantation is one of the promising methods. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) conditioned medium-induced bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on spinal cord injury. Rat spinal cord compression injury animal models were generated, and the rats divided into the following three groups: Group A, (control) Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium-treated group; group B, normal BMSC-treated group; group C, OEC conditioned medium-induced BMSC-treated group. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 8 weeks following transplantation for hematoxylin and eosin staining, and fluorescence staining of neurofilament protein, growth associated protein-43 and neuron-specific nuclear protein. The cavity area of the spinal cord injury was significantly reduced at 2 and 4 weeks following transplantation in group C, and a significant difference between the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score in group C and groups A and B was observed. Regenerated nerve fibers were observed in groups B and C; however, a greater number of regenerated nerve fibers were observed in group C. BMSCs induced by OEC conditioned medium survived in vivo, significantly reduced the cavity area of spinal cord injury, promoted nerve fiber regeneration following spinal cord injury and facilitated recovery of motor function. The present study demonstrated a novel method to repair spinal cord injury by using induced BMSCs, with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Hongquan Gan
- Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Wenguo Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
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Crowder SW, Balikov DA, Boire TC, McCormack D, Lee JB, Gupta MK, Skala MC, Sung HJ. Copolymer-Mediated Cell Aggregation Promotes a Proangiogenic Stem Cell Phenotype In Vitro and In Vivo. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2866-2871. [PMID: 27717208 PMCID: PMC5152909 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Material-induced cell aggregation drives a proangiogenic expression profile. Copolymer substrates containing cell-repellent and cell-adhesive domains force the aggregation of human mesenchymal stem cells, which results in enhanced tubulogenesis in vitro and stabilization of vasculature in vivo. These findings can be used to design instructive biomaterial scaffolds for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer W. Crowder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Daniel A. Balikov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Timothy C. Boire
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Devin McCormack
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Jung Bok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Mukesh K. Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Melissa C. Skala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Hak-Joon Sung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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28
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Stem Cells of Dental Origin: Current Research Trends and Key Milestones towards Clinical Application. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4209891. [PMID: 27818690 PMCID: PMC5081960 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4209891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), including Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs), Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED), and Stem Cells From Apical Papilla (SCAP), have been extensively studied using highly sophisticated in vitro and in vivo systems, yielding substantially improved understanding of their intriguing biological properties. Their capacity to reconstitute various dental and nondental tissues and the inherent angiogenic, neurogenic, and immunomodulatory properties of their secretome have been a subject of meticulous and costly research by various groups over the past decade. Key milestone achievements have exemplified their clinical utility in Regenerative Dentistry, as surrogate therapeutic modules for conventional biomaterial-based approaches, offering regeneration of damaged oral tissues instead of simply “filling the gaps.” Thus, the essential next step to validate these immense advances is the implementation of well-designed clinical trials paving the way for exploiting these fascinating research achievements for patient well-being: the ultimate aim of this ground breaking technology. This review paper presents a concise overview of the major biological properties of the human dental MSCs, critical for the translational pathway “from bench to clinic.”
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29
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Robinson C, Collins MT, Boyce AM. Fibrous Dysplasia/McCune-Albright Syndrome: Clinical and Translational Perspectives. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2016; 14:178-86. [PMID: 27492469 PMCID: PMC5035212 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-016-0317-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is an uncommon and debilitating skeletal disorder resulting in fractures, deformity, functional impairment, and pain. It arises from post-zygotic somatic activating mutations in GNAS, in the cAMP-regulating transcript α-subunit, Gsα. Constitutive Gs signaling results in activation of adenylyl cyclase and dysregulated cAMP production. In the skeleton, this leads to the development of FD lesions with abnormal bone matrix, trabeculae, and collagen, produced by undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. FD may occur in isolation or in combination with extraskeletal manifestations, including hyperfunctioning endocrinopathies and café-au-lait macules, termed McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS). This review summarizes current clinical and translational perspectives in FD/MAS, with an emphasis on FD pathogenesis, natural history, pre-clinical and clinical investigation, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemre Robinson
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive Room 228 MSC 4320, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael T Collins
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive Room 228 MSC 4320, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alison M Boyce
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive Room 228 MSC 4320, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.
- Bone Health Program, Division of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.
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de Soure AM, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, da Silva CL, Cabral JMS. Scalable microcarrier-based manufacturing of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. J Biotechnol 2016; 236:88-109. [PMID: 27527397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to their unique features, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) have been exploited in clinical settings as therapeutic candidates for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, the success in obtaining clinically-relevant MSC numbers for cell-based therapies is dependent on efficient isolation and ex vivo expansion protocols, able to comply with good manufacturing practices (GMP). In this context, the 2-dimensional static culture systems typically used for the expansion of these cells present several limitations that may lead to reduced cell numbers and compromise cell functions. Furthermore, many studies in the literature report the expansion of MSC using fetal bovine serum (FBS)-supplemented medium, which has been critically rated by regulatory agencies. Alternative platforms for the scalable manufacturing of MSC have been developed, namely using microcarriers in bioreactors, with also a considerable number of studies now reporting the production of MSC using xenogeneic/serum-free medium formulations. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview on the scalable manufacturing of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, depicting the various steps involved in the process from cell isolation to ex vivo expansion, using different cell tissue sources and culture medium formulations and exploiting bioprocess engineering tools namely microcarrier technology and bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- António M de Soure
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Camilleri ET, Gustafson MP, Dudakovic A, Riester SM, Garces CG, Paradise CR, Takai H, Karperien M, Cool S, Sampen HJI, Larson AN, Qu W, Smith J, Dietz AB, van Wijnen AJ. Identification and validation of multiple cell surface markers of clinical-grade adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells as novel release criteria for good manufacturing practice-compliant production. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:107. [PMID: 27515308 PMCID: PMC4982273 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical translation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) necessitates basic characterization of the cell product since variability in biological source and processing of MSCs may impact therapeutic outcomes. Although expression of classical cell surface markers (e.g., CD90, CD73, CD105, and CD44) is used to define MSCs, identification of functionally relevant cell surface markers would provide more robust release criteria and options for quality control. In addition, cell surface expression may distinguish between MSCs from different sources, including bone marrow-derived MSCs and clinical-grade adipose-derived MSCs (AMSCs) grown in human platelet lysate (hPL). Methods In this work we utilized quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, and RNA-sequencing to characterize AMSCs grown in hPL and validated non-classical markers in 15 clinical-grade donors. Results We characterized the surface marker transcriptome of AMSCs, validated the expression of classical markers, and identified nine non-classical markers (i.e., CD36, CD163, CD271, CD200, CD273, CD274, CD146, CD248, and CD140B) that may potentially discriminate AMSCs from other cell types. More importantly, these markers exhibit variability in cell surface expression among different cell isolates from a diverse cohort of donors, including freshly prepared, previously frozen, or proliferative state AMSCs and may be informative when manufacturing cells. Conclusions Our study establishes that clinical-grade AMSCs expanded in hPL represent a homogeneous cell culture population according to classical markers,. Additionally, we validated new biomarkers for further AMSC characterization that may provide novel information guiding the development of new release criteria. Clinical trials Use of Autologous Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate in Painful Knee Osteoarthritis (BMAC): Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01931007. Registered August 26, 2013. MSC for Occlusive Disease of the Kidney: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01840540. Registered April 23, 2013. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Multiple System Atrophy: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02315027. Registered October 31, 2014. Efficacy and Safety of Adult Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Treat Steroid Refractory Acute Graft Versus Host Disease. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00366145. Registered August 17, 2006. A Dose-escalation Safety Trial for Intrathecal Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01609283. Registered May 18, 2012. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0370-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael P Gustafson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Scott M Riester
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Hideki Takai
- Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental Bioengineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Department of Tissue Regeneration, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hee-Jeong Im Sampen
- Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Noelle Larson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Wenchun Qu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jay Smith
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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32
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Dzobo K, Turnley T, Wishart A, Rowe A, Kallmeyer K, van Vollenstee FA, Thomford NE, Dandara C, Chopera D, Pepper MS, Parker MI. Fibroblast-Derived Extracellular Matrix Induces Chondrogenic Differentiation in Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells in Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1259. [PMID: 27527147 PMCID: PMC5000657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) represent an area being intensively researched for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. MSCs may provide the opportunity to treat diseases and injuries that currently have limited therapeutic options, as well as enhance present strategies for tissue repair. The cellular environment has a significant role in cellular development and differentiation through cell-matrix interactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of adipose-derived MSCs (ad-MSCs) in the context of a cell-derived matrix so as to model the in vivo physiological microenvironment. The fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix (fd-ECM) did not affect ad-MSC morphology, but reduced ad-MSC proliferation. Ad-MSCs cultured on fd-ECM displayed decreased expression of integrins α2 and β1 and subsequently lost their multipotency over time, as shown by the decrease in CD44, Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), SOX2, and NANOG gene expression. The fd-ECM induced chondrogenic differentiation in ad-MSCs compared to control ad-MSCs. Loss of function studies, through the use of siRNA and a mutant Notch1 construct, revealed that ECM-mediated ad-MSCs chondrogenesis requires Notch1 and β-catenin signaling. The fd-ECM also showed anti-senescence effects on ad-MSCs. The fd-ECM is a promising approach for inducing chondrogenesis in ad-MSCs and chondrogenic differentiated ad-MSCs could be used in stem cell therapy procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Taegyn Turnley
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Andrew Wishart
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Arielle Rowe
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Karlien Kallmeyer
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
| | - Fiona A van Vollenstee
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
| | - Nicholas E Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Denis Chopera
- Division of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Michael S Pepper
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
| | - M Iqbal Parker
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
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Tee BC, Sun Z. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis assisted by cell-based tissue engineering: a systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res 2016; 18 Suppl 1:39-49. [PMID: 25865532 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the advances and limitations of recent investigations on mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) assisted by mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases were systematically searched and screened from their inception through August 2014. Searching terms included the following: 'distraction osteogenesis', 'mandible OR mandibular OR jaw', and 'cells', without any other limitations. RESULTS Nineteen studies meeting the eligibility criteria were selected from 227 published articles and used for qualitative synthesis. Fifteen of the studies used small animal models (rats or rabbits), while the other four used large animal models (dogs, pigs or sheep). Among these studies, large variations exist in MDO protocol, cell transplantation time, route and quantity, as well as methodology of outcome assessment. Additionally, all studies had certain biases. Nevertheless, the majority of studies found that MSC transplantation enhanced MDO bone regeneration. CONCLUSION Evidence from animal studies indicates that MDO may be enhanced by mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, but many questions related to animal models, MDO protocols, and cell transplantation remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Tee
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Hoffmann A, Floerkemeier T, Melzer C, Hass R. Comparison of in vitro-cultivation of human mesenchymal stroma/stem cells derived from bone marrow and umbilical cord. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 11:2565-2581. [PMID: 27125777 DOI: 10.1002/term.2153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell-mediated therapy is currently considered as a novel approach for many human diseases. Potential uses range from topic applications with the regeneration of confined tissue areas to systemic applications. Stem cells including mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSCs) represent a highly attractive option. Their potential to cure or alleviate human diseases is investigated in a number of clinical trials. A wide variety of methods has been established in the past years for isolation, cultivation and characterization of human MSCs as expansion is presently deemed a prerequisite for clinical application with high numbers of cells carrying reproducible properties. MSCs have been retrieved from various tissues and used in a multitude of settings whereby numerous experimental protocols are available for expansion of MSCs in vitro. Accordingly, different isolation, culture and upscaling techniques contribute to the heterogeneity of MSC characteristics and the, sometimes, controversial results. Therefore, this review discusses and summarizes certain experimental conditions for MSC in vitro culture focusing on adult bone marrow-derived and neonatal umbilical cord-derived MSCs in order to enhance our understanding for MSC tissue sources and to stratify different procedures. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hoffmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, OE 8893, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thilo Floerkemeier
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (Annastift), OE 6270, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Catharina Melzer
- Biochemistry and Tumour Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, OE 6411, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Hass
- Biochemistry and Tumour Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, OE 6411, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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CORR Insights(®): Do Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Influence Microscopic Residual or Metastatic Osteosarcoma in a Murine Model? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2016; 474:716-8. [PMID: 26105153 PMCID: PMC4746178 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-015-4423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease which leads to destruction of both the soft and hard tissues of the periodontium. Tissue engineering is a therapeutic approach in regenerative medicine that aims to induce new functional tissue regeneration via the synergistic combination of cells, biomaterials, and/or growth factors. Advances in our understanding of the biology of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, have provided opportunities for periodontal tissue engineering. However, there remain a number of limitations affecting their therapeutic efficiency. Due to the considerable proliferation and differentiation capacities, recently described induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a new way for cell-based therapies for periodontal regeneration. This review outlines the latest status of periodontal tissue engineering and highlights the potential use of iPSCs in periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Du
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 West Wenhua Rd., Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, No.324 Jingwu Rd., Jinan, 250000 People's Republic of China
| | - Pishan Yang
- Shandong provincial key laboratory of oral tissue regeneration, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, No.44-1 West Wenhua Rd., Jinan, 250012 People's Republic of China
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38
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Chan KH, Zhuo S, Ni M. Priming the Surface of Orthopedic Implants for Osteoblast Attachment in Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:701-7. [PMID: 26392807 PMCID: PMC4571547 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of better orthopedic implants is incessant. While current implants can function reliably in the human body for a long period of time, there are still a significant number of cases for which the implants can fail prematurely due to poor osseointegration of the implant with native bone. Increasingly, it is recognized that it is extremely important to facilitate the attachment of osteoblasts on the implant so that a proper foundation of extracellular matrix (ECM) can be laid down for the growth of new bone tissue. In order to facilitate the osseointegration of the implant, both the physical nanotopography and chemical functionalization of the implant surface have to be optimized. In this short review, however, we explore how simple chemistry procedures can be used to functionalize the surfaces of three major classes of orthopedic implants, i.e. ceramics, metals, and polymers, so that the attachment of osteoblasts on implants can be facilitated in order to promote implant osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiat Hwa Chan
- 2. Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Shuangmu Zhuo
- 1. Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ming Ni
- 3. Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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Chang PY, Qu YQ, Wang J, Dong LH. The potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the management of radiation enteropathy. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1840. [PMID: 26247725 PMCID: PMC4558492 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although radiotherapy is effective in managing abdominal and pelvic malignant tumors, radiation enteropathy is still unavoidable. This disease severely affects the quality of life of cancer patients due to some refractory lesions, such as intestinal ischemia, mucositis, ulcer, necrosis or even perforation. Current drugs or prevailing therapies are committed to alleviating the symptoms induced by above lesions. But the efficacies achieved by these interventions are still not satisfactory, because the milieus for tissue regeneration are not distinctly improved. In recent years, regenerative therapy for radiation enteropathy by using mesenchymal stem cells is of public interests. Relevant results of preclinical and clinical studies suggest that this regenerative therapy will become an attractive tool in managing radiation enteropathy, because mesenchymal stem cells exhibit their pro-regenerative potentials for healing the injuries in both epithelium and endothelium, minimizing inflammation and protecting irradiated intestine against fibrogenesis through activating intrinsic repair actions. In spite of these encouraging results, whether mesenchymal stem cells promote tumor growth is still an issue of debate. On this basis, we will discuss the advances in anticancer therapy by using mesenchymal stem cells in this review after analyzing the pathogenesis of radiation enteropathy, introducing the advances in managing radiation enteropathy using regenerative therapy and exploring the putative actions by which mesenchymal stem cells repair intestinal injuries. At last, insights gained from the potential risks of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for radiation enteropathy patients may provide clinicians with an improved awareness in carrying out their studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P-Y Chang
- 1] Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China [2] Electrochemical State Key Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Academy of Science, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Y-Q Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - J Wang
- Electrochemical State Key Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Academy of Science, Changchun 130021, China
| | - L-H Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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40
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Meng YB, Li X, Li ZY, Zhao J, Yuan XB, Ren Y, Cui ZD, Liu YD, Yang XJ. microRNA-21 promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by the PI3K/β-catenin pathway. J Orthop Res 2015; 33:957-64. [PMID: 25728838 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is essential for bone repair. Recently, microRNAs have been proven to play an important role in the regulation of MSC differentiation, including osteogenesis. Here, the function of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in the osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs) was investigated. Briefly, the miR-21 mimics (m-miR-21) and the antisense miR-21 (as-miR-21) were transfected to hUMSCs, and the capacity of miR-21 for the osteogenic differentiation of hUMSCs was evaluated by the expression of osteogenic markers encoding alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related gene-2 (RUNX-2) and osteocalcin (OCN), as well as by Alizarin red S staining. The results indicated that the overexpression of miR-21 elevated the expression level of the osteogenesis-related genes of hUMSCs. During this process, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway activity had an increasing tendency responding to miR-21 up-regulation. This enhancement promoted the phosphorylation of GSK-3β, leading to the stabilization and high concentration accumulation of β-catenin in cytoplasm to activate the transcription of RUNX-2, and finally increased the osteogenesis of hUMSCs. This work demonstrated that miR-21 and its target PI3K-AKT-GSK3β pathway played an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of hUMSCs by stabilizing β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bin Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Bo Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ren
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences & Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Duo Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yun-De Liu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300203, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Jin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P.R. China
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