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Wen HY, Hu Y, Duo YY, Zhao L, Wang ZG, Liu SL. Ratiometric Fluorescence Probes for In Situ Imaging of Membrane Tension in Live Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2024. [PMID: 38935869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Membrane tension is an important physical parameter of describing cellular homeostasis, and it is widely used in the study of cellular processes involving membrane deformation and reorganization, such as cell migration, cell spreading, and cell division. Despite the importance of membrane tension, direct measurement remains difficult. In this work, we developed a ratiometric fluorescent probe sensitive to membrane tension by adjusting the carbon chain structure based on polarity-sensitive fluorophores. The probe is sensitive to changes in membrane tension after cells were subjected to physical or chemical stimuli, such as osmotic shock, lipid peroxidation, and mechanical stress. When the polarity of the plasma membrane increases (the green/red ratio decreases) and the membrane tension increases, the relative magnitude of the membrane tension can be quantitatively calculated by fluorescence ratio imaging. Thus, the probe proved to be an efficient and sensitive membrane tension probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Wen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yusi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - You-Yang Duo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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Jian HY, Liang ZC, Wen H, Zhang Z, Zeng PH. Shi-pi-xiao-ji formula suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by reducing cellular stiffness through upregulation of acetyl-coA acetyltransferase 1. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2727-2741. [PMID: 38994152 PMCID: PMC11236261 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the Shi-pi-xiao-ji (SPXJ) herbal decoction formula is effective in suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Therefore, this study investigated whether the antitumor effects of the SPXJ formula in treating HCC were mediated by acetyl-coA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1)-regulated cellular stiffness. Through a series of experiments, we concluded that SPXJ inhibits the progression of HCC by upregulating the expression level of ACAT1, lowering the level of cholesterol in the cell membrane, and altering the cellular stiffness, which provides a new idea for the research of traditional Chinese medicine against HCC. AIM To investigate the anti-tumor effects of the SPXJ formula on the malignant progression of HCC. METHODS HCC cells were cultured in vitro with SPXJ-containing serum prepared by injecting SPXJ formula into wild-type mice. The apoptotic rate and proliferative, invasive, and migratory abilities of control and SPXJ-treated HCC cells were compared. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the cell surface morphology and the Young's modulus values of the control and SPXJ-treated HCC cells. Plasma membrane cholesterol levels in HCC cells were detected using the Amplex Red cholesterol detection kit. ACAT1 protein levels were estimated using western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the vehicle group, SPXJ serum considerably reduced proliferation of HCC cells, increased stiffness and apoptosis of HCC cells, inhibited migration and invasion of HCC cells, decreased plasma membrane cholesterol levels, and upregulated ACAT1 protein levels. However, treatment of HCC cells with the water-soluble cholesterol promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells as well as decreased cell stiffness and plasma membrane cholesterol levels, but did not alter the apoptotic rate and ACAT1 protein expression levels compared with the vehicle control. CONCLUSION SPXJ formula inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cells by decreasing plasma membrane cholesterol levels and altering cellular stiffness through upregulation of ACAT1 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ying Jian
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Cheng Liang
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Huan Wen
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Pu-Hua Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
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Jian HY, Liang ZC, Wen H, Zhang Z, Zeng PH. Shi-pi-xiao-ji formula suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by reducing cellular stiffness through upregulation of acetyl-coA acetyltransferase 1. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2715-2729. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the Shi-pi-xiao-ji (SPXJ) herbal decoction formula is effective in suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Therefore, this study investigated whether the antitumor effects of the SPXJ formula in treating HCC were mediated by acetyl-coA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1)-regulated cellular stiffness. Through a series of experiments, we concluded that SPXJ inhibits the progression of HCC by upregulating the expression level of ACAT1, lowering the level of cholesterol in the cell membrane, and altering the cellular stiffness, which provides a new idea for the research of traditional Chinese medicine against HCC.
AIM To investigate the anti-tumor effects of the SPXJ formula on the malignant progression of HCC.
METHODS HCC cells were cultured in vitro with SPXJ-containing serum prepared by injecting SPXJ formula into wild-type mice. The apoptotic rate and proliferative, invasive, and migratory abilities of control and SPXJ-treated HCC cells were compared. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the cell surface morphology and the Young’s modulus values of the control and SPXJ-treated HCC cells. Plasma membrane cholesterol levels in HCC cells were detected using the Amplex Red cholesterol detection kit. ACAT1 protein levels were estimated using western blotting.
RESULTS Compared with the vehicle group, SPXJ serum considerably reduced proliferation of HCC cells, increased stiffness and apoptosis of HCC cells, inhibited migration and invasion of HCC cells, decreased plasma membrane cholesterol levels, and upregulated ACAT1 protein levels. However, treatment of HCC cells with the water-soluble cholesterol promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells as well as decreased cell stiffness and plasma membrane cholesterol levels, but did not alter the apoptotic rate and ACAT1 protein expression levels compared with the vehicle control.
CONCLUSION SPXJ formula inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cells by decreasing plasma membrane cholesterol levels and altering cellular stiffness through upregulation of ACAT1 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ying Jian
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Cheng Liang
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Huan Wen
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
| | - Pu-Hua Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western, Cancer Research Institute of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410006, Hunan Province, China
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Dowdy T, Vilamu HM, Lita A, Li A, Yamasaki T, Zhang L, Chari R, Song H, Zhang M, Zhang W, Briceno N, Davis D, Gilbert MR, Larion M. Targeting the sphingolipid rheostat in IDH1 mut glioma alters cholesterol homeostasis and triggers apoptosis via membrane degradation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.26.591321. [PMID: 38903071 PMCID: PMC11188108 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.26.591321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The cross-regulation of metabolism and trafficking is not well understood for the vital sphingolipids and cholesterol constituents of cellular compartments. While reports are starting to surface on how sphingolipids like sphingomyelin (SM) dysregulate cholesterol levels in different cellular compartments (Jiang et al., 2022), limited research is available on the mechanisms driving the relationship between sphingolipids and cholesterol homeostasis, or its biological implications. Previously, we have identified sphingolipid metabolism as a unique vulnerability for IDH1 mut gliomas via a rational drug design. Herein, we show how modulating sphingolipid levels affects cholesterol homeostasis in brain tumors. However, we unexpectedly discovered for the first time that C17 sphingosine and NDMS addition to cancer cells alters cholesterol homeostasis by impacting its cellular synthesis, uptake, and efflux leading to a net decrease in cholesterol levels and inducing apoptosis. Our results reflect a reverse correlation between the levels of sphingosines, NDMS, and unesterified, free cholesterol in the cells. We show that increasing sphingosine and NDMS (a sphingosine analog) levels alter not only the trafficking of cholesterol between membranes but also the efflux and synthesis of cholesterol. We also demonstrate that despite the effort to remove free cholesterol by ABCA1-mediated efflux or by suppressing machinery for the influx (LDLR) and biosynthetic pathway (HMGCR), apoptosis is inevitable for IDH1 mut glioma cells. This is the first study that shows how altering sphingosine levels directly affects cholesterol homeostasis in cancer cells and can be used to manipulate this relationship to induce apoptosis in IDH1 mut gliomas.
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Jungbauer-Groznica M, Wiese K, Fischer I, Markus J, Chang TH, Gösler I, Kowalski H, Blaas D, Real-Hohn A. Aichivirus A1 replicates in human intestinal epithelium and bronchial tissue: Lung-gut axis? Virus Res 2024; 342:199338. [PMID: 38373599 PMCID: PMC10901855 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The role of aichivirus A1 (AiV-A1) in acute gastroenteritis remains controversial and in vitro data illustrating its pathogenesis in suitable human models are scarce. Here, we demonstrate that AiV-A1 isolate A846/88 replicates in ApoA1- (absorptive) and Ki-67-positive (proliferative) enterocytes in stem cell-derived human small intestinal epithelium (HIE) as well as in patient biopsy samples, but not in any of the tested human cell lines. The infection did not result in tissue damage and did not trigger type I and type III interferon (IFN) signalling, whereas the control, human coxsackievirus B3 (strain Nancy), triggered both IFNs. To investigate the tissue tropism, we infected a human tracheal/bronchial epithelium model (HTBE) with AiV-A1 isolates A846/88 and kvgh99012632/2010 and, as a control, with rhinovirus A2 (RV-A2). AiV-A1 isolate kvgh99012632/2010, but not isolate A846/88, replicated in HTBE and induced type III IFN and ISGs signalling. By using various pharmacological inhibitors, we elaborated that cellular entry of AiV-A1 depends on clathrin, dynamin, and lipid rafts and is strongly reliant on endosome acidification. Viral particles co-localised with Rab5a-positive endosomes and promoted leakage of endosomal content. Our data shed light on the early events of AiV-A1 infection and reveal that different isolates exhibit distinct tissue tropism. This supports its clinical importance as a human pathogen with the potential to evolve toward broader tissue specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jungbauer-Groznica
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Virus and Immunity Unit, Institute Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Konstantin Wiese
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irmgard Fischer
- Histology Facility, Vienna Biocenter, Max Perutz Laboratories, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Markus
- MatTek In Vitro Life Science Laboratories, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chang
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Irene Gösler
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinrich Kowalski
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Dieter Blaas
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonio Real-Hohn
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Vienna Biocenter, Max Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Xia H, Zhou W, Li D, Peng F, Yu L, Sang Y, Liu H, Hao A, Qiu J. Generation of a Hydrophobic Protrusion on Nanoparticles to Improve the Membrane-Anchoring Ability and Cellular Internalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202312755. [PMID: 38195886 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the nanoparticle-cell membrane interaction to achieve easy and fast membrane anchoring and cellular internalization is of great importance in a variety of biomedical applications. Here we report a simple and versatile strategy to maneuver the nanoparticle-cell membrane interaction by creating a tunable hydrophobic protrusion on Janus particles through swelling-induced symmetry breaking. When the Janus particle contacts cell membrane, the protrusion will induce membrane wrapping, leading the particles to docking to the membrane, followed by drawing the whole particles into the cell. The efficiencies of both membrane anchoring and cellular internalization can be promoted by optimizing the size of the protrusion. In vitro, the Janus particles can quickly anchor to the cell membrane in 1 h and be internalized within 24 h, regardless of the types of cells involved. In vivo, the Janus particles can effectively anchor to the brain and skin tissues to provide a high retention in these tissues after intracerebroventricular, intrahippocampal, or subcutaneous injection. This strategy involving the creation of a hydrophobic protrusion on Janus particles to tune the cell-membrane interaction holds great potential in nanoparticle-based biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Dezheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Fan Peng
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Hao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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Liu CSC, Mandal T, Biswas P, Hoque MA, Bandopadhyay P, Sinha BP, Sarif J, D'Rozario R, Sinha DK, Sinha B, Ganguly D. Piezo1 mechanosensing regulates integrin-dependent chemotactic migration in human T cells. eLife 2024; 12:RP91903. [PMID: 38393325 PMCID: PMC10942591 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells are crucial for efficient antigen-specific immune responses and thus their migration within the body, to inflamed tissues from circulating blood or to secondary lymphoid organs, plays a very critical role. T cell extravasation in inflamed tissues depends on chemotactic cues and interaction between endothelial adhesion molecules and cellular integrins. A migrating T cell is expected to sense diverse external and membrane-intrinsic mechano-physical cues, but molecular mechanisms of such mechanosensing in cell migration are not established. We explored if the professional mechanosensor Piezo1 plays any role during integrin-dependent chemotaxis of human T cells. We found that deficiency of Piezo1 in human T cells interfered with integrin-dependent cellular motility on ICAM-1-coated surface. Piezo1 recruitment at the leading edge of moving T cells is dependent on and follows focal adhesion formation at the leading edge and local increase in membrane tension upon chemokine receptor activation. Piezo1 recruitment and activation, followed by calcium influx and calpain activation, in turn, are crucial for the integrin LFA1 (CD11a/CD18) recruitment at the leading edge of the chemotactic human T cells. Thus, we find that Piezo1 activation in response to local mechanical cues constitutes a membrane-intrinsic component of the 'outside-in' signaling in human T cells, migrating in response to chemokines, that mediates integrin recruitment to the leading edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinky Shiu Chen Liu
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
| | - Tithi Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchKolkataIndia
| | - Parijat Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of ScienceKolkataIndia
| | - Md Asmaul Hoque
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchGhaziabadIndia
| | - Purbita Bandopadhyay
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchGhaziabadIndia
| | - Bishnu Prasad Sinha
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchGhaziabadIndia
| | - Jafar Sarif
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchGhaziabadIndia
| | - Ranit D'Rozario
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchGhaziabadIndia
| | - Deepak Kumar Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for Cultivation of ScienceKolkataIndia
| | - Bidisha Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchKolkataIndia
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical BiologyKolkataIndia
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Xu R, Zhang W, Jin T, Tu W, Xu C, Wei Y, Han W, Yang K, Yuan B. Cholesterol Depletion and Membrane Deformation by MeβCD and the Resultant Enhanced T Cell Killing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6813-6824. [PMID: 38290472 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial role of cholesterol (Chol) in regulating the mechanical properties and biological functions of cell membranes. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MeβCD) is commonly utilized to modulate the Chol content in cell membranes, but there remains a lack of a comprehensive understanding. In this study, using a range of different techniques, we find that the optimal ratio of MeβCD to Chol for complete removal of Chol from a phosphocholine (PC)/Chol mixed membrane with a 1:1 mol ratio is 4.5:1, while the critical MeβCD-to-Chol ratio for membrane permeation falls within the range between 1.5 and 2.4. MeβCD at elevated concentrations induces the formation of fibrils or tubes from a PC membrane. Single lipid tracking reveals that removing Chol restores the diffusion of lipid molecules in the PC/Chol membrane to levels observed in pure PC membranes. Exposure to 5 mM MeβCD for 30 min effectively eliminates Chol from various cell lines, leading to an up to 8-fold enhancement in melittin cytotoxicity over Hela cells and an up to 3.5-fold augmentation of T cell cytotoxicity against B16F10-OVA cells. This study presents a diagram that delineates the concentration- and time-dependent distribution of MeβCD-induced Chol depletion and membrane deformation, which holds significant potential for modulating the mechanical properties of cellular membranes in prospective biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanting Zhang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Taoli Jin
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqiang Tu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yushuang Wei
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijing Han
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research & School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Yuan
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
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Yoshikawa K, Saito S, Kadonosono T, Tanaka M, Okochi M. Osmotic stress induces the formation of migrasome-like vesicles. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:437-445. [PMID: 38339800 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Migrasomes are extracellular vesicles that form on the retraction fibers of migrating cells. In this study, we report the formation of migrasome-like vesicles enriched in tetraspanin 4 and containing cytoplasmic components in response to hypoosmotic stress. When migrating cells were subjected to hypoosmotic stress, vesicles with a size distribution of 0.5 to 2 μm formed on the retraction fibers, and vanished in a few minutes. The vesicles are rich in cholesterol, and their number was reduced when cells were pretreated with lipoprotein-deficient serum. The formation of migrasome-like vesicles upon hypoosmotic stress may provide biophysical cues regarding the cellular response to this external stimulus in cells and tissues.
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Grants
- 23K17843 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 22K19913 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 21H01726 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- 21H01725 Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- JP21zf0127004 Moonshot Research and Development Program from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Yoshikawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Shogo Saito
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kadonosono
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama-shi, Japan
| | - Mina Okochi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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Mandal T, Biswas A, Ghosh T, Manikandan S, Kundu A, Banerjee A, Mitra D, Sinha B. Mechano-regulation by clathrin pit-formation and passive cholesterol-dependent tubules during de-adhesion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:43. [PMID: 38217571 PMCID: PMC10787898 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Adherent cells ensure membrane homeostasis during de-adhesion by various mechanisms, including endocytosis. Although mechano-chemical feedbacks involved in this process have been studied, the step-by-step build-up and resolution of the mechanical changes by endocytosis are poorly understood. To investigate this, we studied the de-adhesion of HeLa cells using a combination of interference reflection microscopy, optical trapping and fluorescence experiments. We found that de-adhesion enhanced membrane height fluctuations of the basal membrane in the presence of an intact cortex. A reduction in the tether force was also noted at the apical side. However, membrane fluctuations reveal phases of an initial drop in effective tension followed by saturation. The area fractions of early (Rab5-labelled) and recycling (Rab4-labelled) endosomes, as well as transferrin-labelled pits close to the basal plasma membrane, also transiently increased. On blocking dynamin-dependent scission of endocytic pits, the regulation of fluctuations was not blocked, but knocking down AP2-dependent pit formation stopped the tension recovery. Interestingly, the regulation could not be suppressed by ATP or cholesterol depletion individually but was arrested by depleting both. The data strongly supports Clathrin and AP2-dependent pit-formation to be central to the reduction in fluctuations confirmed by super-resolution microscopy. Furthermore, we propose that cholesterol-dependent pits spontaneously regulate tension under ATP-depleted conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Arikta Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741246, India
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore
| | - Tanmoy Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Sreekanth Manikandan
- NORDITA, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Avijit Kundu
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741246, India
- Experimental Physics I, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ayan Banerjee
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Dhrubaditya Mitra
- NORDITA, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bidisha Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741246, India.
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11
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Shelby SA, Veatch SL. The Membrane Phase Transition Gives Rise to Responsive Plasma Membrane Structure and Function. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041395. [PMID: 37553204 PMCID: PMC10626261 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Several groups have recently reported evidence for the emergence of domains in cell plasma membranes when membrane proteins are organized by ligand binding or assembly of membrane proximal scaffolds. These domains recruit and retain components that favor the liquid-ordered phase, adding to a decades-old literature interrogating the contribution of membrane phase separation in plasma membrane organization and function. Here we propose that both past and present observations are consistent with a model in which membranes have a high compositional susceptibility, arising from their thermodynamic state in a single phase that is close to a miscibility phase transition. This rigorous framework naturally allows for both transient structure in the form of composition fluctuations and long-lived structure in the form of induced domains. In this way, the biological tuning of plasma membrane composition enables a responsive compositional landscape that facilitates and augments cellular biochemistry vital to plasma membrane functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Shelby
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Sarah L Veatch
- Program in Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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12
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Chen R. Cholesterol modulation of interactions between psychostimulants and dopamine transporters. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 99:35-59. [PMID: 38467486 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is a key site of action for cocaine and amphetamines. Dysfunctional DAT is associated with aberrant synaptic dopamine transmission and enhanced drug-seeking and taking behavior. Studies in cultured cells and ex vivo suggest that DAT function is sensitive to membrane cholesterol content. Although it is largely unknown whether psychostimulants alter cholesterol metabolism in the brain, emerging evidence indicates that peripheral cholesterol metabolism is altered in patients with psychostimulant use disorder and circulating cholesterol levels are associated with vulnerability to relapse. Cholesterol interacts with sphingolipids forming lipid raft microdomains on the membrane. These cholesterol-rich lipid raft microdomains serve to recruit and assemble other lipids and proteins to initiate signal transduction. There are two spatially and functionally distinct populations of the DAT segregated by cholesterol-rich lipid raft microdomains and cholesterol-scarce non-raft microdomains on the plasma membrane. These two DAT populations are differentially regulated by DAT blockers (e.g. cocaine), substrates (e.g. amphetamine), and protein kinase C providing distinct cholesterol-dependent modulation of dopamine uptake and efflux. In this chapter, we summarize the impact of depletion and addition of membrane cholesterol on DAT conformational changes between the outward-facing and the inward-facing states, lipid raft-associated DAT localization, basal and induced DAT internalization, and DAT function. In particular, we focus on how the interactions of the DAT with cocaine and amphetamine are influenced by membrane cholesterol. Lastly, we discuss the therapeutic potential of cholesterol-modifying drugs as a new avenue to normalize DAT function and dopamine transmission in patients with psychostimulant use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States.
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13
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Kuburich NA, Sabapathy T, Demestichas BR, Maddela JJ, den Hollander P, Mani SA. Proactive and reactive roles of TGF-β in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:120-139. [PMID: 37572731 PMCID: PMC10530624 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt to varying stress conditions to survive through plasticity. Stem cells exhibit a high degree of plasticity, allowing them to generate more stem cells or differentiate them into specialized cell types to contribute to tissue development, growth, and repair. Cancer cells can also exhibit plasticity and acquire properties that enhance their survival. TGF-β is an unrivaled growth factor exploited by cancer cells to gain plasticity. TGF-β-mediated signaling enables carcinoma cells to alter their epithelial and mesenchymal properties through epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). However, TGF-β is a multifunctional cytokine; thus, the signaling by TGF-β can be detrimental or beneficial to cancer cells depending on the cellular context. Those cells that overcome the anti-tumor effect of TGF-β can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to gain EMP benefits. EMP allows cancer cells to alter their cell properties and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), facilitating their survival. Due to the significant roles of TGF-β and EMP in carcinoma progression, it is essential to understand how TGF-β enables EMP and how cancer cells exploit this plasticity. This understanding will guide the development of effective TGF-β-targeting therapies that eliminate cancer cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick A Kuburich
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Thiru Sabapathy
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Breanna R Demestichas
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joanna Joyce Maddela
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Legorreta Cancer Center, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA; Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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14
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Zimmer O, Walter M, Remmert M, Maier O, Witzgall R, Goepferich A. Impact of interferon-γ on the target cell tropism of nanoparticles. J Control Release 2023; 362:325-341. [PMID: 37598888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is well known to reduce the infectivity of viral pathogens by altering their tissue tropism. This effect is induced by upregulation of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H). Given the similarity of viral pathogens and ligand-functionalized nanoparticles in the underlying strategy of receptor-mediated cell recognition, it appears conceivable that IFN-γ exceeds similar effects on nanoparticles. Concretely, IFN-γ-induced activation of CH25H could decrease nanoparticle avidity for target cells via depletion of clathrin-coated pits. We hypothesized that this effect would cause deterioration of target-cell specific accumulation of nanoparticles. To prove our hypothesis, we investigated the cell tropism of angiotensin II functionalized nanoparticles (NPLys-Ang II) in a co-culture system of angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor (AT1R) positive rat mesangial target cells (rMCs) and AT1R-negative HeLa off-target cells. In the presence of IFN-γ we observed an up to 5-fold loss of target cell preference for NPLys-Ang II. Thus, our in vitro results suggest a strong influence of IFN-γ on nanoparticle distribution, which is relevant in the context of nanotherapeutic approaches to cancer treatment, as IFN-γ is strongly expressed in tumors. For the target cell tropism of viruses, our results provide a conclusive hypothesis for the underlying mechanism behind non-directed viral distribution in the presence of IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Zimmer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Bavaria 93053, Germany
| | - Melanie Walter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Bavaria 93053, Germany
| | - Marius Remmert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Bavaria 93053, Germany
| | - Olga Maier
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Bavaria 93053, Germany
| | - Ralph Witzgall
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Bavaria 93053, Germany
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Bavaria 93053, Germany.
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15
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Bugajev V, Draberova L, Utekal P, Blazikova M, Tumova M, Draber P. Enhanced Membrane Fluidization and Cholesterol Displacement by 1-Heptanol Inhibit Mast Cell Effector Functions. Cells 2023; 12:2069. [PMID: 37626879 PMCID: PMC10453462 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction by the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) depends on membrane lipid and protein compartmentalization. Recently published data show that cells treated with 1-heptanol, a cell membrane fluidizer, exhibit changes in membrane properties. However, the functional consequences of 1-heptanol-induced changes on mast cell signaling are unknown. This study shows that short-term exposure to 1-heptanol reduces membrane thermal stability and dysregulates mast cell signaling at multiple levels. Cells treated with 1-heptanol exhibited increased lateral mobility and decreased internalization of the FcεRI. However, this did not affect the initial phosphorylation of the FcεRI-β chain and components of the SYK/LAT1/PLCγ1 signaling pathway after antigen activation. In contrast, 1-heptanol inhibited SAPK/JNK phosphorylation and effector functions such as calcium response, degranulation, and cytokine production. Membrane hyperfluidization induced a heat shock-like response via increased expression of the heat shock protein 70, increased lateral diffusion of ORAI1-mCherry, and unsatisfactory performance of STIM1-ORAI1 coupling, as determined by flow-FRET. Furthermore, 1-heptanol inhibited the antigen-induced production of reactive oxygen species and potentiated stress-induced plasma membrane permeability by interfering with heat shock protein 70 activity. The combined data suggest that 1-heptanol-mediated membrane fluidization does not interfere with the earliest biochemical steps of FcεRI signaling, such as phosphorylation of the FcεRI-β chain and components of the SYK/LAT/PLCγ1 signaling pathway, instead inhibiting the FcεRI internalization and mast cell effector functions, including degranulation and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Bugajev
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.D.); (P.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Lubica Draberova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.D.); (P.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Pavol Utekal
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.D.); (P.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Michaela Blazikova
- Light Microscopy Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Magda Tumova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.D.); (P.U.); (M.T.)
| | - Petr Draber
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic; (L.D.); (P.U.); (M.T.)
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16
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Lachuer H, Le L, Lévêque-Fort S, Goud B, Schauer K. Spatial organization of lysosomal exocytosis relies on membrane tension gradients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2207425120. [PMID: 36800388 PMCID: PMC9974462 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207425120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal exocytosis is involved in many key cellular processes but its spatiotemporal regulation is poorly known. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) and spatial statistics, we observed that lysosomal exocytosis is not random at the adhesive part of the plasma membrane of RPE1 cells but clustered at different scales. Although the rate of exocytosis is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton, neither interfering with actin or microtubule dynamics by drug treatments alters its spatial organization. Exocytosis events partially co-appear at focal adhesions (FAs) and their clustering is reduced upon removal of FAs. Changes in membrane tension following a hypo-osmotic shock or treatment with methyl-β-cyclodextrin were found to increase clustering. To investigate the link between FAs and membrane tension, cells were cultured on adhesive ring-shaped micropatterns, which allow to control the spatial organization of FAs. By using a combination of TIRFM and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), we revealed the existence of a radial gradient in membrane tension. By changing the diameter of micropatterned substrates, we further showed that this gradient as well as the extent of exocytosis clustering can be controlled. Together, our data indicate that the spatial clustering of lysosomal exocytosis relies on membrane tension patterning controlled by the spatial organization of FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Lachuer
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR 144 Cell Biology and Cancer, 75005Paris, France
| | - Laurent Le
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay91405, Orsay, France
| | - Sandrine Lévêque-Fort
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay91405, Orsay, France
| | - Bruno Goud
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR 144 Cell Biology and Cancer, 75005Paris, France
| | - Kristine Schauer
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, CNRS UMR 144 Cell Biology and Cancer, 75005Paris, France
- Tumor Cell Dynamics Unit, Inserm U1279 Gustave Roussy Institute, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif94800, France
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17
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Cholesterol and Sphingomyelin Polarize at the Leading Edge of Migrating Myoblasts and Involve Their Clustering in Submicrometric Domains. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020319. [PMID: 36830688 PMCID: PMC9953279 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoblast migration is crucial for myogenesis and muscular tissue homeostasis. However, its spatiotemporal control remains elusive. Here, we explored the involvement of plasma membrane cholesterol and sphingolipids in this process. In resting C2C12 mouse myoblasts, those lipids clustered in sphingomyelin/cholesterol/GM1 ganglioside (SM/chol/GM1)- and cholesterol (chol)-enriched domains, which presented a lower stiffness than the bulk membrane. Upon migration, cholesterol and sphingomyelin polarized at the front, forming cholesterol (chol)- and sphingomyelin/cholesterol (SM/chol)-enriched domains, while GM1-enriched domains polarized at the rear. A comparison of domain proportion suggested that SM/chol- and GM1-enriched domains originated from the SM/chol/GM1-coenriched domains found at resting state. Modulation of domain proportion (through cholesterol depletion, combined or not with actin polymerization inhibition, or sphingolipid synthesis inhibition) revealed that the higher the chol- and SM/chol-enriched domains, the higher the myoblast migration. At the front, chol- and SM/chol-enriched domains were found in proximity with F-actin fibers and the lateral mobility of sphingomyelin in domains was specifically restricted in a cholesterol- and cytoskeleton-dependent manner while domain abrogation impaired F-actin and focal adhesion polarization. Altogether, we showed the polarization of cholesterol and sphingomyelin and their clustering in chol- and SM/chol-enriched domains with differential properties and roles, providing a mechanism for the spatial and functional control of myoblast migration.
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18
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Zimmer O, Goepferich A. How clathrin-coated pits control nanoparticle avidity for cells. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:256-269. [PMID: 36594629 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00543c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The paramount relevance of clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) to receptor-mediated endocytosis of nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles, and viruses has made them the focus of many studies; however, the role of CCP geometry in the ligand-receptor interactions between multivalent nanoparticles and cells has not been investigated. We hypothesized the general dependence of nanoparticle binding energy on local membrane curvature to be expandable to the specific case of ligand-functionalized nanoparticles binding cell membranes, in the sense that membrane structures whose curvature matches that of the particle (e.g., CCPs) signficantly contribute to binding avidity. We investigated this hypothesis with nanoparticles that bind multivalently to angiotensin II receptor type 1, which is subject to clathrin-mediated endocytosis. When we used cholesterol extraction to prevent the action of CCPs, we found a 67 to 100-fold loss in avidity. We created a theoretical model that predicts this decrease based on the loss of ligand-receptor interactions when CCPs, which perfectly match nanoparticle geometry, are absent. Our findings shed new light on how cells "see" nanoparticles. The presence or absence of CPPs is so influential on how cells interact with nanoparticles that the number of particles required to be visible to cells changes by two orders of magnitude depending on CCP presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Zimmer
- Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93050, Germany.
| | - Achim Goepferich
- Department for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, 93050, Germany.
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19
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Robinson MJ, Newbury S, Singh K, Leonenko Z, Beazely MA. The Interplay Between Cholesterol and Amyloid-β on HT22 Cell Viability, Morphology, and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1663-1683. [PMID: 38073391 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of understanding in the molecular and cellular mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease that has hindered progress on therapeutic development. The focus has been on targeting toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology, but these therapeutics have generally failed in clinical trials. Aβ is an aggregation-prone protein that has been shown to disrupt cell membrane structure in molecular biophysics studies and interfere with membrane receptor signaling in cell and animal studies. Whether the lipid membrane or specific receptors are the primary target of attack has not been determined. OBJECTIVE This work elucidates some of the interplay between membrane cholesterol and Aβ42 on HT22 neuronal cell viability, morphology, and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling pathways. METHODS The effects of cholesterol depletion by methyl-β-cyclodextrin followed by treatment with Aβ and/or PDGF-AA were assessed by MTT cell viability assays, western blot, optical and AFM microscopy. RESULTS Cell viability studies show that cholesterol depletion was mildly protective against Aβ toxicity. Together cholesterol reduction and Aβ42 treatment compounded the disruption of the PDGFα receptor activation. Phase contrast optical microscopy and live cell atomic force microscopy imaging revealed that cytotoxic levels of Aβ42 caused morphological changes including cell membrane damage, cytoskeletal disruption, and impaired cell adhesion; cell damage was ameliorated by cellular cholesterol depletion. CONCLUSIONS Cholesterol depletion impacted the effects of Aβ42 on HT22 cell viability, morphology, and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan J Robinson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Sean Newbury
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Kartar Singh
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A Beazely
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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20
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Phospholipase C-γ1 potentially facilitates subcellular localization of activated β-catenin, p-β-catenin(S552), during bovine herpesvirus 1 productive infection in MDBK cells. Vet Microbiol 2023; 276:109626. [PMID: 36502739 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a significant risk factor for the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), a severe disease causing great economic losses to the cattle industry worldwide. Previous studies have reported that both phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1) and β-catenin are activated during BoHV-1 infection for efficient replication. However, the interplay between PLC-γ1 and β-catenin as a consequence of virus infection remains to be elucidated. Here, we reported that PLC-γ1 interacted with β-catenin, which was enhanced following virus infection. PLC-γ1-specific inhibitor, U73122, significantly reduced the mRNA levels of β-catenin in BoHV-1-infected cells; however, the steady-state protein levels were not affected due to the virus infection. Interestingly, the treatment of virus-infected cells with U73122 reduced the accumulation of activated β-catenin [p-β-catenin(S552)] in fractions of the cytoplasmic membrane as that observed with the treatment of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), which can disrupt cytoplasmic membrane structure via sequestering cholesterol. Nucleus accumulation of p-β-catenin(S552) was increased following U73122 treatment in virus-infected cells. In addition, the association of p-β-catenin(S552) with cytoplasmic membrane induced by the virus infection was significantly disrupted by the treatment of U73122 and MβCD. These data indicated that the PLC-γ1 signaling is potentially involved in the regulation of β-catenin signaling stimulated by BoHV-1 infection partially via affecting the subcellular localization of p-β-catenin(S552).
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21
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. The Importance of the Plasma Membrane in Atherogenesis. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1036. [PMID: 36363591 PMCID: PMC9698587 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are an important medical problem due to their high prevalence, impact on quality of life and prognosis. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is an urgent medical and social problem, the solution of which may improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment of patients. Atherosclerosis is a complex chain of events, which proceeds over many years and in which many cells in the bloodstream and the vascular wall are involved. A growing body of evidence suggests that there are complex, closely linked molecular mechanisms that occur in the plasma membranes of cells involved in atherogenesis. Lipid transport, innate immune system receptor function, and hemodynamic regulation are linked to plasma membranes and their biophysical properties. A better understanding of these interrelationships will improve diagnostic quality and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Economics, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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22
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Knieß R, Leeder W, Reißig P, Geyer FK, Göringer HU. Core-Shell DNA-Cholesterol Nanoparticles Exert Lysosomolytic Activity in African Trypanosomes. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200410. [PMID: 36040754 PMCID: PMC9826209 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Trypanosoma brucei is the causal infectious agent of African trypanosomiasis in humans and Nagana in livestock. Both diseases are currently treated with a small number of chemotherapeutics, which are hampered by a variety of limitations reaching from efficacy and toxicity complications to drug-resistance problems. Here, we explore the forward design of a new class of synthetic trypanocides based on nanostructured, core-shell DNA-lipid particles. In aqueous solution, the particles self-assemble into micelle-type structures consisting of a solvent-exposed, hydrophilic DNA shell and a hydrophobic lipid core. DNA-lipid nanoparticles have membrane-adhesive qualities and can permeabilize lipid membranes. We report the synthesis of DNA-cholesterol nanoparticles, which specifically subvert the membrane integrity of the T. brucei lysosome, killing the parasite with nanomolar potencies. Furthermore, we provide an example of the programmability of the nanoparticles. By functionalizing the DNA shell with a spliced leader (SL)-RNA-specific DNAzyme, we target a second trypanosome-specific pathway (dual-target approach). The DNAzyme provides a backup to counteract the recovery of compromised parasites, which reduces the risk of developing drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Knieß
- Molecular GeneticsTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstr. 1064287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Wolf‐Matthias Leeder
- Molecular GeneticsTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstr. 1064287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Paul Reißig
- Molecular GeneticsTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstr. 1064287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Felix Klaus Geyer
- Molecular GeneticsTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstr. 1064287DarmstadtGermany
| | - H. Ulrich Göringer
- Molecular GeneticsTechnical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstr. 1064287DarmstadtGermany
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23
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Chakraborty M, Sivan A, Biswas A, Sinha B. Early tension regulation coupled to surface myomerger is necessary for the primary fusion of C2C12 myoblasts. Front Physiol 2022; 13. [PMID: 36277221 PMCID: PMC7613732 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.976715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we study the time-dependent regulation of fluctuation–tension during myogenesis and the role of the fusogen, myomerger. We measure nanometric height fluctuations of the basal membrane of C2C12 cells after triggering differentiation. Fusion of cells increases fluctuation–tension but prefers a transient lowering of tension (at ∼2–24 h). Cells fail to fuse if early tension is continuously enhanced by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD). Perturbing tension regulation also reduces fusion. During this pre-fusion window, cells that finally differentiate usually display lower tension than other non-fusing cells, validating early tension states to be linked to fate decision. Early tension reduction is accompanied by low but gradually increasing level of the surface myomerger. Locally too, regions with higher myomerger intensity display lower tension. However, this negative correlation is lost in the early phase by MβCD-based cholesterol depletion or later as differentiation progresses. We find that with tension and surface-myomerger’s enrichment under these conditions, myomerger clusters become pronouncedly diffused. We, therefore, propose that low tension aided by clustered surface-myomerger at the early phase is crucial for fusion and can be disrupted by cholesterol-reducing molecules, implying the potential to affect muscle health.
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24
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Matsuzaki T, Terutsuki D, Sato S, Ikarashi K, Sato K, Mitsuno H, Okumura R, Yoshimura Y, Usami S, Mori Y, Fujii M, Takemi S, Nakabayashi S, Yoshikawa HY, Kanzaki R. Low Surface Potential with Glycoconjugates Determines Insect Cell Adhesion at Room Temperature. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9494-9500. [PMID: 36201238 PMCID: PMC9575668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cell-coupled field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors have attracted considerable attention because of their high sensitivity to biomolecules. The use of insect cells (Sf21) as a core sensor element is advantageous due to their stable adhesion to sensors at room temperature. Although visualization of the insect cell-substrate interface leads to logical amplification of signals, the spatiotemporal processes at the interfaces have not yet been elucidated. We quantitatively monitored the adhesion dynamics of Sf21 using interference reflection microscopy (IRM). Specific adhesion signatures with ring-like patches along the cellular periphery were detected. A combination of zeta potential measurements and lectin staining identified specific glycoconjugates with low electrostatic potentials. The ring-like structures were disrupted after cholesterol depletion, suggesting a raft domain along the cell periphery. Our results indicate dynamic and asymmetric cell adhesion is due to low electrostatic repulsion with fluidic sugar rafts. We envision the logical design of cell-sensor interfaces with an electrical model that accounts for actual adhesion interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Matsuzaki
- Center
for Future Innovation, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department
of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Division
of Strategic Research and Development, Saitama
University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Daigo Terutsuki
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Department
of Finemechanics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8579 Japan
| | - Shoma Sato
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kohei Ikarashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Graduate
School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka
University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Course
of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Engineering,
Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
- Research
Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 432-8561, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Mitsuno
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ryu Okumura
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- WPI
Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka
University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Integrated
Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open
and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yudai Yoshimura
- Department
of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Usami
- Division
of Electrical, Electronic and Info communications Engineering, Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mori
- Division
of Electrical, Electronic and Info communications Engineering, Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mai Fujii
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shota Takemi
- Area
of Regulatory Biology, Division of Life Science, Graduate School of
Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Nakabayashi
- Division
of Strategic Research and Development, Saitama
University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Saitama University, Shimo-Okubo 255, Sakura-Ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Y. Yoshikawa
- Department
of Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kanzaki
- Research
Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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25
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Akatay AA, Wu T, Djakbarova U, Thompson C, Cocucci E, Zandi R, Rudnick J, Kural C. Endocytosis at extremes: Formation and internalization of giant clathrin-coated pits under elevated membrane tension. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:959737. [PMID: 36213118 PMCID: PMC9532848 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.959737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Internalization of clathrin-coated vesicles from the plasma membrane constitutes the major endocytic route for receptors and their ligands. Dynamic and structural properties of endocytic clathrin coats are regulated by the mechanical properties of the plasma membrane. Here, we used conventional fluorescence imaging and multiple modes of structured illumination microscopy (SIM) to image formation of endocytic clathrin coats within live cells and tissues of developing fruit fly embryos. High resolution in both spatial and temporal domains allowed us to detect and characterize distinct classes of clathrin-coated structures. Aside from the clathrin pits and plaques detected in distinct embryonic tissues, we report, for the first time, formation of giant coated pits (GCPs) that can be up to two orders of magnitude larger than the canonical pits. In cultured cells, we show that GCP formation is induced by increased membrane tension. GCPs take longer to grow but their mechanism of curvature generation is the same as the canonical pits. We also demonstrate that GCPs split into smaller fragments during internalization. Considering the supporting roles played by actin filament dynamics under mechanically stringent conditions that slow down completion of clathrin coats, we suggest that local changes in the coat curvature driven by actin machinery can drive splitting and internalization of GCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Ata Akatay
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tianyao Wu
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Umidahan Djakbarova
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Cristopher Thompson
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Emanuele Cocucci
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Roya Zandi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Joseph Rudnick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Comert Kural
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Comert Kural,
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26
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Zhao B, Gu Z, Zhang Y, Li Z, Cheng L, Li C, Hong Y. Starch-based carriers of paclitaxel: A systematic review of carriers, interactions, and mechanisms. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 291:119628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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27
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Vallés AS, Barrantes FJ. Interactions between the Nicotinic and Endocannabinoid Receptors at the Plasma Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:812. [PMID: 36005727 PMCID: PMC9414690 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12080812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Compartmentalization, together with transbilayer and lateral asymmetries, provide the structural foundation for functional specializations at the cell surface, including the active role of the lipid microenvironment in the modulation of membrane-bound proteins. The chemical synapse, the site where neurotransmitter-coded signals are decoded by neurotransmitter receptors, adds another layer of complexity to the plasma membrane architectural intricacy, mainly due to the need to accommodate a sizeable number of molecules in a minute subcellular compartment with dimensions barely reaching the micrometer. In this review, we discuss how nature has developed suitable adjustments to accommodate different types of membrane-bound receptors and scaffolding proteins via membrane microdomains, and how this "effort-sharing" mechanism has evolved to optimize crosstalk, separation, or coupling, where/when appropriate. We focus on a fast ligand-gated neurotransmitter receptor, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and a second-messenger G-protein coupled receptor, the cannabinoid receptor, as a paradigmatic example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofía Vallés
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Francisco J. Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED), UCA-CONICET, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, Buenos Aires C1107AFF, Argentina
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28
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Tuck BJ, Miller LVC, Katsinelos T, Smith AE, Wilson EL, Keeling S, Cheng S, Vaysburd MJ, Knox C, Tredgett L, Metzakopian E, James LC, McEwan WA. Cholesterol determines the cytosolic entry and seeded aggregation of tau. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110776. [PMID: 35508140 PMCID: PMC9108550 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Assemblies of tau can transit between neurons, seeding aggregation in a prion-like manner. To accomplish this, tau must cross cell-limiting membranes, a process that is poorly understood. Here, we establish assays for the study of tau entry into the cytosol as a phenomenon distinct from uptake, in real time, and at physiological concentrations. The entry pathway of tau is cell type specific and, in neurons, highly sensitive to cholesterol. Depletion of the cholesterol transporter Niemann-Pick type C1 or extraction of membrane cholesterol renders neurons highly permissive to tau entry and potentiates seeding even at low levels of exogenous tau assemblies. Conversely, cholesterol supplementation reduces entry and almost completely blocks seeded aggregation. Our findings establish entry as a rate-limiting step to seeded aggregation and demonstrate that dysregulated cholesterol, a feature of several neurodegenerative diseases, potentiates tau aggregation by promoting entry of tau assemblies into the cell interior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Tuck
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
| | - Lauren V C Miller
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Taxiarchis Katsinelos
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Annabel E Smith
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Emma L Wilson
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Sophie Keeling
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Shi Cheng
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Marina J Vaysburd
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Claire Knox
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Lucy Tredgett
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Leo C James
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - William A McEwan
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
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29
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Light triggered nanoscale biolistics for efficient intracellular delivery of functional macromolecules in mammalian cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1996. [PMID: 35422038 PMCID: PMC9010410 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biolistic intracellular delivery of functional macromolecules makes use of dense microparticles which are ballistically fired onto cells with a pressurized gun. While it has been used to transfect plant cells, its application to mammalian cells has met with limited success mainly due to high toxicity. Here we present a more refined nanotechnological approach to biolistic delivery with light-triggered self-assembled nanobombs (NBs) that consist of a photothermal core particle surrounded by smaller nanoprojectiles. Upon irradiation with pulsed laser light, fast heating of the core particle results in vapor bubble formation, which propels the nanoprojectiles through the cell membrane of nearby cells. We show successful transfection of both adherent and non-adherent cells with mRNA and pDNA, outperforming electroporation as the most used physical transfection technology by a factor of 5.5–7.6 in transfection yield. With a throughput of 104-105 cells per second, biolistic delivery with NBs offers scalable and highly efficient transfections of mammalian cells. Ballistic delivery with micro/nano-particles has been successfully used to transfect plant cells, however, has failed in mammalian cells due to toxic effects. Here, the authors report on a self-assembled nano-ballistic delivery system for the delivery of functional macromolecules and demonstrate efficient transfection of mammalian cells.
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30
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Chakraborty M, Mukherjee B, N N, Biswas A, Nayak RK, Sinha B. Effect of heterogeneous substrate adhesivity of follower cells on speed and tension profile of leader cells in primary keratocyte collective cell migration. Biol Open 2022; 11:274357. [PMID: 35146504 PMCID: PMC8918985 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In single keratocyte motility, membrane tension is reported to be high at cell-fronts and believed to establish front coherence. To understand role of membrane mechanics in collective cell migration, we study membrane height fluctuations in cell sheets from fish scales using interference reflection microscopy (IRM). We report the monolayer to have cells lacking substrate adhesion and show that such ‘non-sticky’ cells can form bridges between leader cells and far-away follower cells. Do such interactions alter motility and membrane mechanics in such leaders? We find non-significant, but reduced speed for leaders with ‘non-sticky’ followers in comparison to other leaders. Cells show high phenotypic variability in their membrane fluctuation tension profiles. On average, this tension is found to be lower at cell fronts than the mid-section. However, leaders with non-sticky followers are more prone to display higher tension at their front and have a negative correlation between cell speed and front-mid tension difference. Thus, we conclude that intracellular tension gradients are heterogeneous in cell sheets and substrate adhesivity of followers can control the coupling of the gradient to cell speed. Summary: Understanding how leading cells in keratocyte cell sheets are affected when their followers ‘ride’ on them and how this alters their basal membrane's height fluctuations and fluctuation tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Chakraborty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, India
| | - Baishali Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, India
| | - Nanditha N
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, India
| | - Arikta Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, India
| | - Rajesh Kumble Nayak
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, India.,Center of Excellence in Space Sciences, India; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, India
| | - Bidisha Sinha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia - 741246, India
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31
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Ho JCS, Su WC, Chun Wang X, Parikh AN, Liedberg B. Nonequilibrium Self-Organization of Lipids into Hierarchically Ordered and Compositionally Graded Cylindrical Smectics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:1045-1056. [PMID: 35020400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
When a dry mass of certain amphiphiles encounters water, a spectacular interfacial instability ensues: It gives rise to the formation of ensembles of fingerlike tubular protrusions called myelin figures─tens of micrometers wide and tens to hundreds of micrometers long─representing a novel class of nonequilibrium higher-order self-organization. Here, we report that when phase-separating mixtures of unsaturated lipid, cholesterol, and sphingomyelin are hydrated, the resulting myelins break symmetry and couple their compositional degrees of freedom with the extended myelinic morphology: They produce complementary, interlamellar radial gradients of concentrations of cholesterol (and sphingomyelin) and unsaturated lipid, which stands in stark contrast to interlamellar, lateral phase separation in equilibrated morphologies. Furthermore, the corresponding gradients of molecule-specific chemistries (i.e., cholesterol extraction by methyl-β-cyclodextrin and GM1 binding by cholera toxin) produce unusual morphologies comprising compositionally graded vesicles and buckled tubes. We propose that kinetic differences in the information processing of hydration characteristics of individual molecules while expending energy dictate this novel behavior of lipid mixtures undergoing hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C S Ho
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| | | | - Xuan Chun Wang
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
| | - Atul N Parikh
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| | - Bo Liedberg
- Centre for Biomimetic Sensor Science, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, 637553 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
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32
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Ghosh S, Gutti S, Chaudhuri D. Pattern formation, localized and running pulsation on active spherical membranes. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:10614-10627. [PMID: 34605510 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00937k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Active force generation by an actin-myosin cortex coupled to a cell membrane allows the cell to deform, respond to the environment, and mediate cell motility and division. Several membrane-bound activator proteins move along it and couple to the membrane curvature. Besides, they can act as nucleating sites for the growth of filamentous actin. Actin polymerization can generate a local outward push on the membrane. Inward pull from the contractile actomyosin cortex can propagate along the membrane via actin filaments. We use coupled evolution of fields to perform linear stability analysis and numerical calculations. As activity overcomes the stabilizing factors such as surface tension and bending rigidity, the spherical membrane shows instability towards pattern formation, localized pulsation, and running pulsation between poles. We present our results in terms of phase diagrams and evolutions of the coupled fields. They have relevance for living cells and can be verified in experiments on artificial cell-like constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadip Ghosh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Sashideep Gutti
- BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500078, Telengana, India.
| | - Debasish Chaudhuri
- Institute of Physics, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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33
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Childs E, Henry CM, Canton J, Reis e Sousa C. Maintenance and loss of endocytic organelle integrity: mechanisms and implications for antigen cross-presentation. Open Biol 2021; 11:210194. [PMID: 34753318 PMCID: PMC8580422 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The membranes of endosomes, phagosomes and macropinosomes can become damaged by the physical properties of internalized cargo, by active pathogenic invasion or by cellular processes, including endocytic maturation. Loss of membrane integrity is often deleterious and is, therefore, prevented by mitigation and repair mechanisms. However, it can occasionally be beneficial and actively induced by cells. Here, we summarize the mechanisms by which cells, in particular phagocytes, try to prevent membrane damage and how, when this fails, they repair or destroy damaged endocytic organelles. We also detail how one type of phagocyte, the dendritic cell, can deliberately trigger localized damage to endocytic organelles to allow for major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of exogenous antigens and initiation of CD8+ T-cell responses to viruses and tumours. Our review highlights mechanisms for the regulation of endocytic organelle membrane integrity at the intersection of cell biology and immunology that could be co-opted for improving vaccination and intracellular drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Childs
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Conor M. Henry
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Johnathan Canton
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Caetano Reis e Sousa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
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34
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Kotlyarov S. Diversity of Lipid Function in Atherogenesis: A Focus on Endothelial Mechanobiology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11545. [PMID: 34768974 PMCID: PMC8584259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most important problems in modern medicine. Its high prevalence and social significance determine the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of the disease's development and progression. Lipid metabolism and its disorders are one of the key links in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Lipids are involved in many processes, including those related to the mechanoreception of endothelial cells. The multifaceted role of lipids in endothelial mechanobiology and mechanisms of atherogenesis are discussed in this review. Endothelium is involved in ensuring adequate vascular hemodynamics, and changes in blood flow characteristics are detected by endothelial cells and affect their structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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35
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Monnery BD. Polycation-Mediated Transfection: Mechanisms of Internalization and Intracellular Trafficking. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4060-4083. [PMID: 34498457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyplex-mediated gene transfection is now in its' fourth decade of serious research, but the promise of polyplex-mediated gene therapy has yet to fully materialize. Only approximately one in a million applied plasmids actually expresses. A large part of this is due to an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of polyplex transfection. There is an assumption that internalization must follow a canonical mechanism of receptor mediated endocytosis. Herein, we present arguments that untargeted (and most targeted) polyplexes do not utilize these routes. By incorporating knowledge of syndecan-polyplex interactions, we can show that syndecans are the "target" for polyplexes. Further, it is known that free polycations (which disrupt cell-membranes by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of phospholipid esters) are necessary for (untargeted) endocytosis. This can be incorporated into the model to produce a novel mechanism of endocytosis, which fits the observed phenomenology. After membrane translocation, polyplex containing vesicles reach the endosome after diffusing through the actin mesh below the cell membrane. From there, they are acidified and trafficked toward the lysosome. Some polyplexes are capable of escaping the endosome and unpacking, while others are not. Herein, it is argued that for some polycations, as acidification proceeds the polyplexes excluding free polycations, which disrupt the endosomal membrane by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, allowing the polyplex to escape. The polyplex's internal charge ratio is now insufficient for stability and it releases plasmids which diffuse to the nucleus. A small proportion of these plasmids diffuse through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), with aggregation being the major cause of loss. Those plasmids that have diffused through the NPC will also aggregate, and this appears to be the reason such a small proportion of nuclear plasmids express mRNA. Thus, the structural features which promote unpacking in the endosome and allow for endosomal escape can be determined, and better polycations can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn D Monnery
- Department of Organic and (Bio)Polymer Chemistry, Hasselt University, Building F, Agoralaan 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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36
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Cyclodextrins increase membrane tension and are universal activators of mechanosensitive channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2104820118. [PMID: 34475213 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104820118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial mechanosensitive channel of small conductance (MscS) has been extensively studied to understand how mechanical forces are converted into the conformational changes that underlie mechanosensitive (MS) channel gating. We showed that lipid removal by β-cyclodextrin can mimic membrane tension. Here, we show that all cyclodextrins (CDs) can activate reconstituted Escherichia coli MscS, that MscS activation by CDs depends on CD-mediated lipid removal, and that the CD amount required to gate MscS scales with the channel's sensitivity to membrane tension. Importantly, cholesterol-loaded CDs do not activate MscS. CD-mediated lipid removal ultimately causes MscS desensitization, which we show is affected by the lipid environment. While many MS channels respond to membrane forces, generalized by the "force-from-lipids" principle, their different molecular architectures suggest that they use unique ways to convert mechanical forces into conformational changes. To test whether CDs can also be used to activate other MS channels, we chose to investigate the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) and demonstrate that CDs can also activate this structurally unrelated channel. Since CDs can open the least tension-sensitive MS channel, MscL, they should be able to open any MS channel that responds to membrane tension. Thus, CDs emerge as a universal tool for the structural and functional characterization of unrelated MS channels.
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Using kICS to Reveal Changed Membrane Diffusion of AQP-9 Treated with Drugs. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11080568. [PMID: 34436330 PMCID: PMC8399444 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The formation of nanodomains in the plasma membrane are thought to be part of membrane proteins regulation and signaling. Plasma membrane proteins are often investigated by analyzing the lateral mobility. k-space ICS (kICS) is a powerful image correlation spectroscopy (ICS) technique and a valuable supplement to fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Here, we study the diffusion of aquaporin-9 (AQP9) in the plasma membrane, and the effect of different membrane and cytoskeleton affecting drugs, and therefore nanodomain perturbing, using kICS. We measured the diffusion coefficient of AQP9 after addition of these drugs using live cell Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence imaging on HEK-293 cells. The actin polymerization inhibitors Cytochalasin D and Latrunculin A do not affect the diffusion coefficient of AQP9. Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin decreases GFP-AQP9 diffusion coefficient in the plasma membrane. Human epidermal growth factor led to an increase in the diffusion coefficient of AQP9. These findings led to the conclusion that kICS can be used to measure diffusion AQP9, and suggests that the AQP9 is not part of nanodomains.
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Sochacki KA, Heine BL, Haber GJ, Jimah JR, Prasai B, Alfonzo-Méndez MA, Roberts AD, Somasundaram A, Hinshaw JE, Taraska JW. The structure and spontaneous curvature of clathrin lattices at the plasma membrane. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1131-1146.e3. [PMID: 33823128 PMCID: PMC8081270 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the primary pathway for receptor and cargo internalization in eukaryotic cells. It is characterized by a polyhedral clathrin lattice that coats budding membranes. The mechanism and control of lattice assembly, curvature, and vesicle formation at the plasma membrane has been a matter of long-standing debate. Here, we use platinum replica and cryoelectron microscopy and tomography to present a structural framework of the pathway. We determine the shape and size parameters common to clathrin-mediated endocytosis. We show that clathrin sites maintain a constant surface area during curvature across multiple cell lines. Flat clathrin is present in all cells and spontaneously curves into coated pits without additional energy sources or recruited factors. Finally, we attribute curvature generation to loosely connected and pentagon-containing flat lattices that can rapidly curve when a flattening force is released. Together, these data present a universal mechanistic model of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kem A Sochacki
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Bridgette L Heine
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gideon J Haber
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John R Jimah
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bijeta Prasai
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marco A Alfonzo-Méndez
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aleah D Roberts
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Agila Somasundaram
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jenny E Hinshaw
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin W Taraska
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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39
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Ammendolia DA, Bement WM, Brumell JH. Plasma membrane integrity: implications for health and disease. BMC Biol 2021; 19:71. [PMID: 33849525 PMCID: PMC8042475 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-00972-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane integrity is essential for cellular homeostasis. In vivo, cells experience plasma membrane damage from a multitude of stressors in the extra- and intra-cellular environment. To avoid lethal consequences, cells are equipped with repair pathways to restore membrane integrity. Here, we assess plasma membrane damage and repair from a whole-body perspective. We highlight the role of tissue-specific stressors in health and disease and examine membrane repair pathways across diverse cell types. Furthermore, we outline the impact of genetic and environmental factors on plasma membrane integrity and how these contribute to disease pathogenesis in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin A Ammendolia
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street PGCRL, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - William M Bement
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging and Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - John H Brumell
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street PGCRL, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada. .,SickKids IBD Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada.
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40
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Anderson AM, Kirtadze T, Malanga M, Dinh D, Barnes C, Campo A, Clemens DM, Garcia-Fandiño R, Piñeiro Á, O'Connor MS. Cyclodextrin dimers: A versatile approach to optimizing encapsulation and their application to therapeutic extraction of toxic oxysterols. Int J Pharm 2021; 606:120522. [PMID: 33839224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a novel class of specifically engineered, dimerized cyclodextrin (CD) nanostructures for the encapsulation of toxic biomolecules such as 7-ketocholesterol (7KC). 7KC accumulates over time and causes dysfunction in many cell types, linking it to several age-related diseases including atherosclerosis and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Presently, treatments for these diseases are invasive, expensive, and show limited benefits. CDs are cyclic glucose oligomers utilized to capture small, hydrophobic molecules. Here, a combination of in silico, in vitro, and ex vivo methods is used to implement a synergistic rational drug design strategy for developing CDs to remove atherogenic 7KC from cells and tissues. Mechanisms by which CDs encapsulate sterols are discussed, and we conclude that covalently linked head-to-head dimers of βCDs have substantially improved affinity for 7KC compared to monomers. We find that inclusion complexes can be stabilized or destabilized in ways that allow the design of CD dimers with increased 7KC selectivity while maintaining an excellent safety profile. These CD dimers are being developed as therapeutics to treat atherosclerosis and other debilitating diseases of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia M Anderson
- Underdog Pharmaceuticals Inc., 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA; SENS Research Foundation, 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Tamari Kirtadze
- Underdog Pharmaceuticals Inc., 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | - Milo Malanga
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin Research and Development Ltd., Budapest, Illatos út 7 1097, Hungary
| | - Darren Dinh
- Underdog Pharmaceuticals Inc., 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | - Carolyn Barnes
- SENS Research Foundation, 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Angielyn Campo
- SENS Research Foundation, 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Daniel M Clemens
- Underdog Pharmaceuticals Inc., 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | - Rebeca Garcia-Fandiño
- Underdog Pharmaceuticals Inc., 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA; MD.USE Innovative Solutions S.L., Edificio Emprendia, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángel Piñeiro
- Underdog Pharmaceuticals Inc., 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA; MD.USE Innovative Solutions S.L., Edificio Emprendia, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain; Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultade de Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Matthew S O'Connor
- Underdog Pharmaceuticals Inc., 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA; SENS Research Foundation, 110 Pioneer Way, Suite J, Mountain View, CA, USA.
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Qi Z, Zhang Y, Yao K, Zhang M, Xu Y, Zhang J, Bai X, Zu H. DHCR24 Knockdown Lead to Hyperphosphorylation of Tau at Thr181, Thr231, Ser262, Ser396, and Ser422 Sites by Membrane Lipid-Raft Dependent PP2A Signaling in SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1627-1640. [PMID: 33710538 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating data suggest that the downregulation of DHCR24 is linked to the pathological risk factors of AD, denoting a potential role of DHCR24 in AD pathogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether the downregulation of DHCR24 affects the abnormal heper-phosphorylation of tau protein, which is involved in tauopathy. In present papers, immunofluorescence and Filipin III fluorescence results showed that DHCR24 knockdown significantly lowered the level of plasma membrane cholesterol and expression level of membrane lipid-raft structural protein caveolin-1; and overexpression of DHCR24 could increase the plasma membrane cholesterol levels and facilitating caveolae structure through increase the expression of caveolin-1. PP2A is the key phosphatase involving in tau phosphorylation, which is localized in cholesterol-dependent caveola/raft lipid domains. Here, the PP2A activity was detected by western blot assay. Interestingly, the level of p-PP2Ac at Y307 (inactive) and p-GSK3β at Y216 (active) in the downstream of the PP2A signal pathway were both significantly increased in silencing DHCR24 SH-SY5Y cells, which denoted an inhibition of the PP2A and activation of GSK3β signaling. Conversely, overexpression of DHCR24 blunted the inhibition effect of PP2A and activation of GSK3β. Besides, in the SH-SY5Y cell lines we demonstrated that DHCR24 knockdown obviously induced hyperphosphorylation of tau at Thr181, Thr231, Ser262, Ser396, and Ser422 Sites. In contrast, DHCR24 overexpression protects neuronal SH-SY5Y cells against the hyperphosphorylation of tau at Thr181, Thr231, Ser262, Ser396, and Ser422 Sites. Furthermore, PP2A activator D-erythro-Sphingosine (DES) also obviously inhibited the hyperphosphorylation of tau induced by DHCR24 knockdown. Collectively, our findings firstly confirmed that DHCR24 knockdown obviously induced abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau by a novel lipid raft-dependent PP2A signaling. We propose that DHCR24 downregulation led to altered cholesterol synthesis as a potential mechanism in the progression of tau hyperphosphorylation involving in AD and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Qi
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Kai Yao
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Yixuan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Xiaojing Bai
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
| | - Hengbing Zu
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.
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42
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Xu H, Liao C, Liang S, Ye BC. A Novel Peptide-Equipped Exosomes Platform for Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:10760-10767. [PMID: 33621039 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are natural delivery vehicles because of their original feature such as low immunogenicity, excellent biocompatibility, and migration capability. Engineering exosomes with appropriate ligands are effective approaches to improve the low cellular uptake efficiency of exosomes. However, current strategies face considerable challenges due to the tedious and labor-intensive operational process. Here, we designed a novel peptides-equipped exosomes platform which can be assembled under convenient and mild reaction condition. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) was conjugated on HepG2 cells-derived exosomes surface which can not only enhance the penetrating capacity of exosomes but also assist exosomes in loading antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). The cellular uptake mechanism was investigated and we compared the difference between natural exosomes and modified exosomes. The resulting nanosystem demonstrated a preferential tropism for cells that are parented to their source tumor cells and could remarkably increase the cellular delivery of G3139 with efficient downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. This work developed a rapid strategy for intracellular delivery of nucleic acids, thus providing more possibilities toward personalized cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Xu
- Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chong Liao
- Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shifu Liang
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Lab of Biosystem and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Institute of Engineering Biology and Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, 832000, China
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43
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Zhang T, Hu W, Chen W. Plasma Membrane Integrates Biophysical and Biochemical Regulation to Trigger Immune Receptor Functions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613185. [PMID: 33679752 PMCID: PMC7933204 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane provides a biophysical and biochemical platform for immune cells to trigger signaling cascades and immune responses against attacks from foreign pathogens or tumor cells. Mounting evidence suggests that the biophysical-chemical properties of this platform, including complex compositions of lipids and cholesterols, membrane tension, and electrical potential, could cooperatively regulate the immune receptor functions. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear because of the tremendous compositional complexity and spatio-temporal dynamics of the plasma membrane. Here, we review the recent significant progress of dynamical regulation of plasma membrane on immune receptors, including T cell receptor, B cell receptor, Fc receptor, and other important immune receptors, to proceed mechano-chemical sensing and transmembrane signal transduction. We also discuss how biophysical-chemical cues couple together to dynamically tune the receptor’s structural conformation or orientation, distribution, and organization, thereby possibly impacting their in-situ ligand binding and related signal transduction. Moreover, we propose that electrical potential could potentially induce the biophysical-chemical coupling change, such as lipid distribution and membrane tension, to inevitably regulate immune receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Center for Integrated Oncology and Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory for Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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44
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Li M, Yu Y. Innate immune receptor clustering and its role in immune regulation. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:134/4/jcs249318. [PMID: 33597156 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.249318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of receptor clustering in the activation of adaptive immune cells has revolutionized our understanding of the physical basis of immune signal transduction. In contrast to the extensive studies of adaptive immune cells, particularly T cells, there is a lesser, but emerging, recognition that the formation of receptor clusters is also a key regulatory mechanism in host-pathogen interactions. Many kinds of innate immune receptors have been found to assemble into nano- or micro-sized domains on the surfaces of cells. The clusters formed between diverse categories of innate immune receptors function as a multi-component apparatus for pathogen detection and immune response regulation. Here, we highlight these pioneering efforts and the outstanding questions that remain to be answered regarding this largely under-explored research topic. We provide a critical analysis of the current literature on the clustering of innate immune receptors. Our emphasis is on studies that draw connections between the phenomenon of receptor clustering and its functional role in innate immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47401, USA
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47401, USA
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45
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Carradori D, Chen H, Werner B, Shah AS, Leonardi C, Usuelli M, Mezzenga R, Platt F, Leroux JC. Investigating the Mechanism of Cyclodextrins in the Treatment of Niemann-Pick Disease Type C Using Crosslinked 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004735. [PMID: 33079457 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a severe disorder that is characterized by intracellular transport abnormalities leading to cytoplasmic accumulation of lipids such as cholesterol and sphingolipids. The compound 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) has high cholesterol complexation capacity and is currently under clinical investigation for the NPC treatment. However, due to its short blood half-life, high doses are required to produce a therapeutic effect. In this work, stable polymerized HPβCD is generated to investigate their in vitro mechanisms of action and in vivo effects. Crosslinked CDs (8-312 kDa) display a ninefold greater cholesterol complexation capacity than monomeric HPβCD but are taken up to a lower extent, resulting in an overall comparable in vitro effect. In vivo, the 19.3 kDa HPβCD exhibits a longer half-life than the monomeric HPβCD but it does not increase the life span of Npc1 mice, possibly due to reduced brain penetration. This is circumvented by the application of magnetic resonance imaging-guided low intensity-pulsed focused ultrasound (MRIg-FUS), which increases the brain penetration of the CD. In conclusion, stable polymerized HPβCDs can elucidate CDs' mechanism of action while the use of MRIg-FUS warrants further investigation, as it may be key to harnessing CDs full therapeutic potential in the NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Carradori
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8049, Switzerland
| | - Hsintsung Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Beat Werner
- Center for MR-Research, University Children's Hospital, Zürich, 8032, Switzerland
| | - Aagam S Shah
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, ETH Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Leonardi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8049, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Usuelli
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Frances Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Jean-Christophe Leroux
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8049, Switzerland
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46
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Cardiac apoptosis caused by elevated cholesterol level in experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 395:112169. [PMID: 32653410 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that cholesterol-lowing agents can ameliorate severity of myocarditis. However, the beneficial effect of the agents has been claimed to be independent of cholesterol reduction as there is no significant change in the plasma cholesterol level in myocarditis. In the present study, using experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) rats as an animal model, we demonstrated that EAM induced elevation of cholesterol level and impaired cholesterol efflux capacity in the cardiac tissue. Moreover, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) content was reduced and HDL function associated protein Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity was decreased. Besides, the major structural protein within HDL, Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) expression in the cardiac tissues was significantly reduced while the level of serum ApoA1 was not significantly altered. Importantly, cholesterol depleting agent methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) alleviated the development of EAM, as monitored by decreased ratio of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW), decreased infiltration of inflammatory cells and collagen deposition, improved cardiac function, reduced expression of apoptosis-related protein Bax, Fas, FasL and caspase-3 and increased level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. These results suggest that reduction of cholesterol level in cardiac tissue could suppress EAM-induced cardiac apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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47
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Coomer CA, Carlon-Andres I, Iliopoulou M, Dustin ML, Compeer EB, Compton AA, Padilla-Parra S. Single-cell glycolytic activity regulates membrane tension and HIV-1 fusion. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008359. [PMID: 32084246 PMCID: PMC7055913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been resurgence in determining the role of host metabolism in viral infection yet deciphering how the metabolic state of single cells affects viral entry and fusion remains unknown. Here, we have developed a novel assay multiplexing genetically-encoded biosensors with single virus tracking (SVT) to evaluate the influence of global metabolic processes on the success rate of virus entry in single cells. We found that cells with a lower ATP:ADP ratio prior to virus addition were less permissive to virus fusion and infection. These results indicated a relationship between host metabolic state and the likelihood for virus-cell fusion to occur. SVT revealed that HIV-1 virions were arrested at hemifusion in glycolytically-inactive cells. Interestingly, cells acutely treated with glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) become resistant to virus infection and also display less surface membrane cholesterol. Addition of cholesterol in these in glycolytically-inactive cells rescued the virus entry block at hemifusion and enabled completion of HIV-1 fusion. Further investigation with FRET-based membrane tension and membrane order reporters revealed a link between host cell glycolytic activity and host membrane order and tension. Indeed, cells treated with 2-DG possessed lower plasma membrane lipid order and higher tension values, respectively. Our novel imaging approach that combines lifetime imaging (FLIM) and SVT revealed not only changes in plasma membrane tension at the point of viral fusion, but also that HIV is less likely to enter cells at areas of higher membrane tension. We therefore have identified a connection between host cell glycolytic activity and membrane tension that influences HIV-1 fusion in real-time at the single-virus fusion level in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles A. Coomer
- Cellular Imaging Group, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Carlon-Andres
- Cellular Imaging Group, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maro Iliopoulou
- Cellular Imaging Group, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael L. Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ewoud B. Compeer
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alex A. Compton
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sergi Padilla-Parra
- Cellular Imaging Group, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Devendran C, Carthew J, Frith JE, Neild A. Cell Adhesion, Morphology, and Metabolism Variation via Acoustic Exposure within Microfluidic Cell Handling Systems. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1902326. [PMID: 31871874 PMCID: PMC6918100 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201902326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic fields are capable of manipulating biological samples contained within the enclosed and highly controlled environment of a microfluidic chip in a versatile manner. The use of acoustic streaming to alter fluid flows and radiation forces to control cell locations has important clinical and life science applications. While there have been significant advances in the fundamental implementation of these acoustic mechanisms, there is a considerable lack of understanding of the associated biological effects on cells. Typically a single, simple viability assay is used to demonstrate a high proportion of living cells. However, the findings of this study demonstrate that acoustic exposure can inhibit cell attachment, decrease cell spreading, and most intriguingly increase cellular metabolic activity, all without any impact upon viability rates. This has important implications by showing that mortality studies alone are inadequate for the assessment of biocompatibility, but further demonstrates that physical manipulation of cells can also be used to influence their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citsabehsan Devendran
- Laboratory for Micro SystemsDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - James Carthew
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - Jessica E. Frith
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
| | - Adrian Neild
- Laboratory for Micro SystemsDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringMonash UniversityClaytonVIC3800Australia
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